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Marcin Karas INTEGRYZM BRACTWA KAPŁAŃSKIEGO ŚW. PIUSA X

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Marcin Karas INTEGRYZM BRACTWA KAPŁAŃSKIEGO ŚW. PIUSA X INTEGRYZM BRACTWA KAPŁAŃSKIEGO ŚW. PIUSA X <8> SOCIETAS seria pod redakcją BOGDANA SZLACHTY 9 Marcin Karas INTEGRYZM BRACTWA KAPŁAŃSKIEGO ŚW. PIUSA X HISTORIA I DOKTRYNA RZYMSKOKATOLICKIEGO RUCHU TRADYCJONALISTYCZNEGO [tl AKADEMICKA Kraków 2008 Copyright by Marcin Karas, Kraków 2008 Recenzenci: prof, dr hab. Stanisław Obirek prof, dr hab. Jan Skoczyński Redakcja: Marta Stęplewska Korekta: Agnieszka Kutylak-Hapanowicz Projekt okładki: Paweł Sepielak Skład i łamanie: Małgorzata Manterys Na okładce wykorzystano zdjęcie przedstawiające abpa, Marcela Lefebvre’a głoszącego kazanie podczas obchodów 20-tej rocznicy powstania Bractwa Kapłańskiego św. Piusa X, dn. 29 kwietnia 1990 r., w Hali Międzynarodowych Targów nad Jeziorem Bodeńskim (Internationale Bodenseemesse - IBO) w Friedrichshafen, Badenia-Wirtembergia, Niemcy. Książka dofinansowana przez Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego ISBN 978-83-7188-067-4 KSIĘGARNIA AKADEMICKA ul. św. Anny 6, 31-008 Kraków tel. /faks: 012 431-27-43, 012 663-11-67 e-mail: akademicka@akademicka. pl Księgarnia internetowa: www. akademicka. pl Spis treści: Wprowadzenie................................................................................................................................... 7 I. Historia ruchu integrystycznego................................................................................................9 1. Przemiany w Kościele w drugiej połowie XX w. ..................................................................9 2. Historia Bractwa Kapłańskiego św. Piusa X.........................................................................10 3. Inne ugrupowania tradycjonalistyczne...............................................................................28 4. Stosunek tradycjonalistów do soborowych i posoborowych reform w Kościele......... 36 II. Doktryna tradycjonalistyczna.................................................................................................43 1. Nauka o Bogu. Trójca Święta. Odkupienie: Jezus Chrystus.............................................43 2. Stworzenie świata, aniołowie, człowiek...............................................................................50 3. Objawienie, Pismo Święte, Tradycja....................................................................................51 4. Mariologia - nauka o Najświętszej Maryi Pannie.............................................................53 5. Eklezjologia - koncepcja Kościoła. Urząd papieski..........................................................55 6. Łaska, sakramenty, rzeczy ostateczne, święci.....................................................................67 7. Koncepcja wzajemnych relacji Kościoła i państwa............................................................70 III. Liturgia....................................................................................................................................... 83 1. Układ i wystrój kościoła........................................................................................................84 2. Obrzędy mszy św. w rycie św. Piusa V................................................................................91 3. Nabożeństwa: Oficjum (Brewiarz), nabożeństwo czterdziestogodzinne, nabożeństwa maryjne, godzinki i litanie, różaniec, procesje, droga krzyżowa........... 102 4. Rok kościelny........................................................................................................................104 IV. Działalność oświatowa i religijna....................................................................................... 111 1. Szkoły podstawowe, szkolnictwo średnie i wyższe..........................................................111 2. Seminaria duchowne w Europie i na świecie....................................................................111 3. Apostolat: dystrykty, przeoraty, kaplice.............................................................................112 4. Misje Bractwa św. Piusa X: Ameryka Łacińska, Japonia, Gabon....................................113 5. Tradycyjne zgromadzenia zakonne i klasztory.................................................................115 6. Tradycjonalistyczne rodziny katolickie, zwyczaje religijne........................................... 116 7. Wydawnictwa: publikacje książkowe i czasopisma religijne...........................................117 6 Spis treści V. Dokumenty................................................................................................................................ 119 Wybrane dokumenty Stolicy Apostolskiej w sprawie integryzmu...........................................119 1. Kongregacja Kultu Bożego, List Quattuor abhinc annos, (3 października 1984)..........................................................................................................119 2. Jan Paweł II, List Apostolski Ecclesia Dei, wydany z własnej inicjatywy, (2 lipca 1988)......................................................................................................................... 120 Bractwo Kapłańskie św. Piotra.......................................................................................................123 1. Protokół z dnia 5 maja 1988 r. (fragment: cz. 1 - deklaracja doktrynalna)................. 123 Zgromadzenie Kapłańskie św. Jana Marii Vianneya, Campos w Brazylii................................124 1. Deklaracja z Campos (Wielkanoc 1982)............................................................................124 2. Deklaracja bpa Licinio Rangela, bpa tytularnego Żarna, Administratora Apostolskiego personalnej administratury apostolskiej „Świętego Jana Marii Vianneya” (styczeń 2002)...........................................................................................127 Bractwo Kapłańskie św. Piusa X....................................................................................................128 1. Oświadczenie abpa Marcela Lefebvre’a (21 listopada 1974)............................................128 2. List otwarty abpa Lefebvre’a i bpa de Castro Mayera do papieża Jana Pawła II (21 listopada 1983)................................................................................................................ 129 3. Wyznanie wiary bpa Antonio de Castro Mayera (30 czerwca 1988).............................135 4. Wyznanie wiary bpa Salvadora Lazo (24 maja 1998).......................................................136 Sedewakantyzm............................................................................................................................... 139 1. Deklaracja apba Pierrea M. Ngó-dinh Thuc (25 lutego 1982)........................................139 2. Stanowisko teologiczne Zgromadzenia Maryi Niepokalanej Królowej CMRI (1 lipca 1997).............................................................................................................. 140 VI. Wybrana bibliografìa.............................................................................................................. 145 Indeks............................................................................................................................................... 151 Wprowadzenie Wśród licznych zagadnień związanych ze współczesnym katolicyzmem, tema­ tyka dotycząca nurtów zachowawczych i integrystycznych należy do kwestii mało znanych, ale mimo to przypominanych przy różnych okazjach w opracowaniach naukowych i popularnych. Niniejsza książka ma na celu prezentację historii, dok­ tryny i współczesnej działalności głównego środowiska należącego do szeroko po­ jętego tradycjonalizmu, charakterystycznego, obok innych tendencji doktrynal­ nych, dla epoki posoborowej w Kościele rzymskokatolickim1. Nasza uwaga będzie skoncentrowana na środowisku integrystycznym reprezentowanym przez Bractwo Kapłańskie św. Piusa X, jego założyciela, abpa Marcela Lefebvre’a, oraz teologów i wiernych związanych z tym nurtem religijnym. Gdy będziemy używać terminów „integryzm”, „tradycjonalizm” czy też „tradycyjny katolicyzm” bez żadnych dodat­ kowych określeń, to będziemy mieć na myśli właśnie ruch religijny Bractwa św. Piu­ sa X, reprezentowany nie tylko przez biskupów i kapłanów, ale także wiernych świeckich. Przytaczać będziemy zatem zarówno oficjalne dokumenty, jak też kaza­ nia, publikacje książkowe i artykuły prasowe. Do języka potocznego weszło nawet pejoratywne określenie „lefebryści”, wprowadzone przez przeciwników Bractwa św. Piusa X, które odnoszone jest nie tylko do bezpośrednich zwolenników tego nurtu tradycjonalizmu katolickiego, ale także do różnych konserwatywnych postaw i za­ chowań w środowiskach katolickich niezwiązanych z tradycjonalizmem (tzw. kryp- tolefebryzm albo postawa lefebryzująca). 1 Na świecie istnieją ponadto rozmaite wspólnoty religijne, które - pomimo pewnych ze­ wnętrznych podobieństw (zwłaszcza w dziedzinie liturgii) - nie dają się zaliczyć nawet do sze­ roko pojętego integryzmu rzymskokatolickiego. Można tutaj wymienić wspólnoty, których toż­ samość znacznie odbiega od dogmatyki rzymskokatolickiej, a mianowicie: Kościół palmariański (Sewilla), konserwatywny ruch zapoczątkowany przez o. Leonarda Feeneya (Boston) czy też True Catholic Church o. Lucjana Pulvermachera (Spokane, USA) albo Mariavite Old Catholic Church - Province of North America abpa Roberta Zaborowskiego (Wyandotte, USA) bądź wreszcie Tridentine Catholic Church abpa Leonarda Curreriego (Nowy Jork). 8 Wprowadzenie Współczesny tradycjonalizm katolicki jest ideowo i organizacyjne złożony. Z tego powodu prezentację poglądów przedstawicieli Bractwa św. Piusa X przeprowadzi­
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