j 4220 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1978

cessed until Thursday, February 23, 1978, IN THE NAVY SUPPLY CORPS at 10 a.m. Vice Adm. Howard E. Greer, U.S. Navy William J. Ryan (age 56) for appointment to the grade of Andrew A. Gìordano - vice admiral on the retired list pursuant to Joseph L. Flores the provisions of title 10, United States Code, NOMINATIONS CIVIL ENGINEER CORPS section 5233. Paul R. Gates The following-named officer, having been Executive nominations received by the DENTAL CORPS designated for commands and other duties Senate February 22, 1978: John B. Holmes DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY of great importance and responsibility in the gracie of vice admiral within the contempla- IN THE MARINE CORPS Manuel A. Sanchez, Jr., of New York, to tion of title 10, United States Code, section Gen. Samuel Jaskilka, U.S. Marine Corps, be Superintendent of the U.S. Assay Office (age 58), for appointment to the grade of at New York, N.Y., vice Nicholas Costanzo, 5231, for appointment while so serving as follows: general on the retired list, upon his retire- resigned. ment on 1 July 1978. To be vice admiral DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE L+. Gen. Joseph C. Fegan, Jr., U.S. Marine P. R. Smith, of Georgia, to be an Assistant Rear Adm. Kinnaird R. McKee, U.S. Navy. Corps, (age 57), for appointment to the Secretary of Agriculture, vice Robert Haide- The following-named captalns of the Navy grade of lieutenant general on the retired man Meyer, resigned. for temporary promotion lo the grade of rear list pursuant to the provisions of title 10, IN THE COAST GUARD admiral in the staff corps indicated subject United States Code, section 5233. The following-named brigadier general of The following-named captain of to qualification therefor as provided by law: the Coast the Marine Corps Reserve for permanent ap- Guard Reserve MEDICAL CO to be a permanent commis- RPS pointment to the grade of major general sioned ofñcer in the Coast Guard Reserve in Melvin Muscles under the provisions of title 10, U.S. Code, the grade of rear admiral: John R. Lukas section 5902: Aubrey H. Jones, XXX-XX-XXX X . Stephen Barchet Jack M. Frisbie

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

SECTION 8 ASSISTANCE FOR are finding that rentals for space on the other terms and the duration of con- MOBILE HOMEOWNERS which to park their mobile homes is tracts entered into under this subsection.". pricing them out of an aírordable alter- Sec. 2. Section 2(h) of the Housing Au- HON. MARK W. HANNAFORD native. Currently, mobile homeowners thorization Act of 1976 is amended by ln- who must rent space are not eligible for serting "or under any State program which OF CALIFORNIA provides housing assistance" after "Housing any form of rental assistance. In the Act of 1949". IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES city of Seal Beach in my 34th District Wednesday, February 22. 1978 of California, the rising cost of rental space is placing a severe burden on many ELOQUENT COMMENTARY Mr. HANNAFORD. Mr. Speaker, the senior citizens. Rental space, which now home ownership task force of the Hous- ranges from $50 to $150 per month is ing Subcommittee recently held a num- expected to double. HON. G. WILLIAM WHITEHURST ber of field hearings to find out why the Needless OF VIRGINIA cost of housing has risen to say, the impact of this in- as it has and crease would be devastating. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to explore possible solutions to the rising Therefore, I am introducing legislation to extend Wednesday, February 22, 1978 cost of housing that Federal, State, and section local 8 rental assistance to low-income governments can and should pur- families who own a mobile home Mr. WHITEHURST. Mr. Speaker, last sue. The and use task force, under the chairman- it as their principal place of residence. week I received a letter from one of my ship of my distinguished colleague LEs In addition this legislation provides that constituents, Mr. Nelson Sabin of Vir- AUCOIN, concentrated on ñve area ginia Beach, s-the SSI recipients who obtain housing assist- which is one of the most impact of Federal regulations on hous- eloquent commentaries on the issues ing ance under any State program will not costs, the benefits of different types be subject which are of deep concern to the people of mortgage instrume to reductions in SSI beneñts. nts tailored to These are necessary changes to existing of the United States ever to come across homebuyers' needs, the effects of hous- law which will enhance housing afrorda- my desk. ing speculation on home prices, the im- bility. With Mr. Sabin's permission, I am pact of construction and land costs, and The text of the bill follows: taking this opportunity to place his building innovations which reduce the words in the RECORD. I hope that all of cost of housing. H.R. - my colleagues will take the time to read Current estima A bill to provide rental assistance under sec- this letter and pay it careful heed; there tes reveal that in tion 8 of the United States Housing Act of southern California only 15 percent of 1937 for owners of mobile homes who rent is a very clear message for us all. the families can afford to buy a home. the real property on which their mobile Thank you, Mr. Speaker. Other studies indicate that by 1990 the homes are kcated. and for other purpcses FEBRUAR- 13,1978. average cost of a home may be as high Be it enacted by the Senate and House E. WILLIAM WHrrEHURST as $90,000. That is a national average. of Representatiues of the United States 0/ Congress of the United States. Already in Orange Countv, Calif., aver- America in Congress assembled, 'That section DEAR MR. WHITEHURST: For several months 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 is I have been making notes and in my mind age home prices exceed $88,000. In De- cember amended by adding the following new sub- composing a letter to you, the material be- , the average cost of a new home section at the end thereof: came so voluminous and repetitive and I'm in Oran ge County was $123,870. Last "(i) ( 1) Notwithstanding any other pro- Sure, familiar to you I have discarded it. year alone, prices of existing homes in vision of law, the Secretary may make assist- As an illustration of my deep disappoint- southern California increased by 27 per- ance payments under this - section for the ment and frustration with those who are cent. In the last 2 years, this increase purpose of aiding any lower-income family in responsible for the administration within has been as high as 50 percent. Home making rental payments wìth respect to real our federal government, I submit the en- maintenance costs have doubled and property on which is located a mobile home closed clipping from today's Virginian Pilot. property taxes have risen by 131 percent owned by such family and utilized by such It speaks for itself. over the last 10 years. family as its principal place of residence. More and more Congress passes laws as a "(2) The Secretary shall, as soon as prac- result of and in favor of special interest Mr. Speaker, the rising cost of home- ticable after the date of enactment of this groups. Citizens generally are unable to ownership affects millions of low-income subsection, issue regulations with respect to gauge the worth or possible (probable) effects families and elderly citizens. Many of the maximum monthly rent which an owner of proposed legislation because of little, if these people are now turning to mobile of real property is entited to receive for real any, information about such legislation. Even homes which are less expensive to buy property with respect to which assistance you in Congress do not fully understand payments are made under this subsection some of the legislation voted on. This is only and maintain. But those who have pur- , the amount of the monthly assistance pay- the first part. After legislation becomes law chased mobile homes in order to escape ment which may be made under this sub- the bureaucracy of the federgl administra- escalating costs of conventional housing section with respect to such property, and tion starts massaging and bending it to fit February 2'2, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4221 their philosophy or perception and struggle experiments in sparsely populated areas, handling radioactive materials as being for lJOwer and/ or survival. Some of the people if these areas are geologically and hy­ less than proficient and safe for hu­ in these areas wouldn't recognize a good piece drologically suitable for nuclear waste manity. of legislation if it sneaked up berind and bit What would be the result if highly them! storage. I am tired of the beating citizens are tak­ I also believe that the States should radioactive waste were placed in salt ing from the federal bureaucracy and this participate in the decision of whether to domes in north Louisiana and leakage includes the judicial (system) . I have the construct and operate a nuclear waste occurred because of one or more of many feeling frequently that our country is ac­ facility within their boundaries. There­ reasons, such as: underground water celerated far down the road toward a deficit fore, the Governors of such States shall melting an area of salt; melting of the socialist form of government. The ever grow­ have the authority to consent to the is­ salt by intense heat of the waste; leak­ ing redistribution of income, the significant age through an old or new drill hole for drop in (individual) productivity, the in­ suance of a permit for such purposes. sistance on counter discrimination in many For the past 32 years the United oil and gas; a fracture in the salt dome areas, the insistance for equality of results States has been producing highly radio­ from an Earth shock by distant earth­ rather than equality of opportunity, the un­ active nuclear waste. The search for safe quake or nuclear explosion-military or even application of the publically stated, disposal of these wastes has been, in my accidental; unstable degeneration of ra­ high minded foreign policy and an ever opinion, a series of trial and error ex­ dioactive material stored in glass form? growing disdain for the intelligence, desires periments. Some waste management The result would be contamination of and true needs of the taxpayer and citizen. methods used or proposed have been the underground water that travels to a Instead of a new Department of Education, which we need like we need another Adolph simply temporary stopgap methods, oth­ very wide area. We could expect con­ Hitler, why isn't a Department of Waste es­ ers were thought at the time they were tamination of area water making it un­ tablished. Maybe they could then organize initiated to be a more lasting solution. fit to drink or to support any plant or the waste in government, and, waste a little Sea dumping, temporary tank storage, animal life. Mason Willrich, director of less. shallow concrete burial, landfill, surface international studies for the Rockefeller I realize our nation along with most of the storage, glass solidification have been Foundation. and formerly a visiting pro­ world is undergoing changes at quite a rapid tried and so far, none of these methods fessor at Massachusetts Institute of pace, and that we have at least thirty years has achieved any remarkable success in Technology, in a report prepared for before we can possibly reach a period of rela­ tive stability but we will not make it unless containing dangerous waste. ERDA, stated that a major radioactive move intelligence and true dedication to the The Federal Government has at­ waste problem exists and escape of ma­ real national good and interests is taken at tempted to develop the means for dis­ terial into air and water would "consti­ the federal level; and the citizens confidence posal at least five times in the past. All tute a radiological hazard for hundreds and enthusiasm regenerated. five attempts have been abandoned be­ of thousands, perhaps millions of years." I have been re-reading some of the material fore they were completed, generally be­ I strongly support nuclear develop­ from my university political science studies, De Tocqueville for one. As you know this cause they encountered unanticipated ment as a much-needed resource to man perceived the weaknesses in the demo­ problems. The five attemuts were: First, guarantee the continuation of our coun­ cratic process in his time, they have not injection of liauid waste into porous me­ try's energy supply. I am also aware that changed. dia; second. disposal of liquid waste in the disposal of nuclear wastes is an im­ We have bureaus, commissions, and agen­ solution mine salt cavity; third. vaults mediate and national concern. However, cies of government to protect us from every­ in bedrock formations beneath the Sa­ the health and safety of Americans thing except bureaus, commissions and vannah River Plant; fourth, a reposi­ should come first. I conclude that ex­ agencies of government. You in congress are tory to accept military waste in Lyons, periments in search of a safe disposal the real protectors. If you do not reach the point where you cannot protect us from bad Kans.: and fifth. relocation of the tenta­ method, due to the enormous risk factor, laws, bad administration we have no one. tive site in a bedded salt formation in should be carried out in an unpopulated, I thank you for your efforts. New Mexico when it encountered an un­ desolated area in which there is not Your truly, expected geological contortion. abundant vegetation, animal life, nat­ NELSON SABIN. In June 1976, the California Legisla­ ural energy resources of oil and gas, VmGINIA BEACH, VA. ture passed several bills in response to water network, and human habitation. the public debate over nuclear power. It is important that Congress deal One of these bills requires that a demon­ promptly with this serious problem and strated technology or means for perma­ I urge speedy and favorable considera­ NUCLEAR WASTE DISPOSAL B~L nent, terminal disposal of high-level nu­ tion of this measure. clear waste must exists. Until this test HON. JERRY HUCKABY is met, California law prohibits certifi­ OF LOUISIANA cation of any new nuclear powerplants. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The current Federal program was ini­ SALT NAIVETE tiated in earnest in February 1976. It Wednesday, February 22, 1978 originaUy involved reconnaissance of po­ HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO Mr. HUCKABY. Mr. Speaker, I am to­ tentially suitable formations in 36 States. day introducing a bill to restrict the However. the current program hac;; been OF CALIFORNIA Nuclear Regulatory Commission from reduced to focusing largelv on finding tN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES issuing a license for the disposal of high­ two sites in a salt formation. 'evaluating Wednesday, February 22, 1978 level radioactive wastes in a selected fa­ the Nevada test site as a repository, and Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, I cility, if the average population density evaluating a basalt formation under the would like to bring to the attention of within a 50 mile radius of such a re­ Hanford Reservation as a repository. my colleagues the following editorial pository site exceeds 15 persons per I am particularlY. concerned about from the Oxnard Press-Courier concern­ square mile. this issue because two salt domes located ing the current SALT negotiations. The I feel that there exists a real and ur­ in north Louisiana are currently under editorial quite correctly points out the gent need for such legislation to insure review by the Department of Energy as folly of relying on Soviet "goodwill" or the health and safety of people living possible burial sites. BaRed on a thorough "trust" in concluding a SALT agreement. in areas being considered for the stor­ review of the scientific and technical The editorial follows: age of nudear waste materials. My bill work to date, the California Energy Re­ would require that the population den­ sources Conservation and Development [From the Press-Courier, Feb 3, 1978] sity be a top priority consideration in Commission concluded that the Nevada SALT NAIVETE determining the feasibility of a nuclear test site, Hanford, Wash., and Carlsbad, American negotiators at the Strategic Arms waste repository. Essentially, it would Limitation Talks in Geneva apparently lack N. Mex. sites ''contain undesirable fea­ the stomach for tough haggling with the prohibit the designation of a burial site tures which may ultimately disqualify Russians. How else to explain the U.S. back­ if the surrounding population within 50 those sites." Consequently, I fear that ing off from one of the thorniest issues at miles of the facility exceeds 15 persons the two Louisiana salt domes are becom­ the talks-deployment of the new Soviet per square mile. Enacting this safety ing increasingly attractive as potential Backfire bomber against the United States? measure will encourage the Department reoositories. I believe I have more than Debate at SALT proceedings, while impor­ of Energy to conduct their studies and adequately demonstrated the history of tant, often revolves around technical mat- 4222 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1978 ters, which the average person understand­ 1934 with assets of $5,000. Today, it is requesting the Soviet Union to return ably finds dull. But there was nothing dull the 27th largest in the Nation, totaling the rights of self-determination to the or technical involved in the matter of the nearly $1.4 billion and 250,000 accounts. people of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. Backfire bomber. He was a director of the National Sav­ It also calls for the withdrawal of the Soviet negotiators have refused to accept restrictions on their bomber as part of a ings and Loan League. which he had Soviet Union from the Baltic States. new arms package. The Arms Control and served as secretary and vice president. For the past 38 years the Estonian Disarmament Agency headed by Paul C. Thousands of St. Louisans who had people have lived under unwanted Soviet Warnke caved in and convinced Washington the privilege of knowing John join his domination. On this 60th anniversary of to remove it from the Geneva talks alto­ family in mourning his death. their original Declaration of Independ­ gether. ence, we salute them on their lasting The result 1s that the United States simply courage and we must also pledge to sup­ has decided to ask Soviet leader Leonid I. port these people in the future so these Brezhnev for a letter promising not to deploy SIXTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF the bomber against the United States. One years of suffering will end as soon as wonders why Washington does not broaden ESTONIA possible and a life of independence and the request by asking Brezhnev to promise freedom will begin again. not to deploy his nuclear missiles against the HON. RONALD A. SARASIN United States as well. By trusting Brezhnev all the way on this OF CONNECTICUT ESSEX COUNTY COLLEGE BLACK matter the need to continue the debate in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HISTORY FESTIVAL Geneva would be over. The naivete the Car­ Wednesday, February 22, 1978 ter administration is displaying by relying on mere promise instead of the more bind­ Mr. SARASIN. Mr. Speaker, on Febru­ HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. ing safeguard of a treaty certainly calls into ary 24, the people who live in Estonia, OF NEW JERSEY question the whole SALT enterprise. and the many thousands of people whose IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES An agreement between the two super­ heritage is derived from this Baltic Re­ powers to restrict their arms race and put a Wednesday, February 22, 1978 limit on their strategic weapons remains public, will be celebrating the 60th an­ essential for the future tranquility of the niversary of the Declaration of Inde­ Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, this week world. But no agreement is preferable to one pendence of Estonia. in my district. we are enjoying an event that leaves the United States at a m1litary That Declaration of Independence in that is uniquely American. Essex County disadvantage while entrusting the survival 1918 was immediately followed by the College in Newark is hosting its second of Americans to a letter from Brezhnev. War of Liberation with the Soviet Red annual black history festival, a celebra­ Army, which lasted from November 28, tion that gives proper recognition to 1918, to February 2, 1920. At that time, black Americans from the Newark area JOHN H. ARMBRUSTER peace treaties were signed in which the and all over the country for their con­ Soviet Union renounced forever any tribution to American society, past and HON. ROBERT A. YOUNG claims to the territory of Estonia. Un­ present. OF MISSOURI fortunately, on August 23, 1939, the So­ Living in Newark all my life, I have !N THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES viet Union decided to ignore the provi­ had a vantage point to observe the rich sions of those treaties when Stalin and cultural diversity which gives America Wednesday, February 22, 1978 Hitler agreed to divide Eastern Europe. its strength. To be sure, each ethnic Mr. YOUNG of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, The Baltic States were forced to agree to group has made its own special contribu­ the people of St. Louis are mourning this the establishment of Soviet military and tions to American society, but black peo­ week the death of John H. Armbruster, a naval bases on their territories. Only 9 ple have known all the struggles, frustra­ business and civic leader whose remark­ months later, the three Baltic Republics, tions, hopes, and victories which best able career spanned more than 50 years. Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, were uni­ symbolize American life. In an age of specialists, John Arm­ laterally declared Soviet republics and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., in his bruster was a generalist whose encyclope­ annexed to the Soviet Union. 1963 letter from a Birmingham jail, re­ dic interests ranged from charitable Needless to say, the people of these minded his brothers and sisters: service to higher education to his busi­ three nations no longer enjoyed the basic Abused and sccrnej though we may be, our ness leadership as founder and president human rights; 75,000 Estonians were destiny is tied up with America's destiny. of Community Federal Savings and Loan forced to flee to nations all over the free Association of St. Louis. world. With the signing of the Helsinki As Essex County College celebrates its Mr. Armbruster died last week at the Agreement, the Estonians would possibly Eecond annual black history week, I age of 82 en route to Tulsa, Okla., for a have a chance to, at least, regain the say: meeting of the board of trustees of Jay­ basic human rights that all people in the America's destiny is indeed tied up with cees International, of which he was a world should enjoy. Unfortunately, the the destiny of its black people. secretary and founder. Soviet Union has not exhibited its coop­ The E-ssex County College festival, with In addition to the Jaycees, Mr. Arm­ eration with the provisions of that agree­ its theme, Outstanding Blacks, Past and bruster was especially active in the Boy ment, and the citizens of Estonia are Present, serves as a valuable reminder Scouts of America, the YMCA, the Athle­ forced to live in an atmosphere of of the importance of black ethnics to tic Boys Club, and the Salvation Army. injustices. America. He headed the Salvation Army's Tree Since 1940 the Estonian people have The program is especially meaning­ of Lights Campaign in 1972. He was exhibited courage and dedication to their ful to those in the Newark area because a past president of the Backstoppers, an homeland. Even those Estonians that it honors four local citizens who em­ organization that provides support to the currently reside outside of Estonia con­ body Dr. King's commitment to com­ families of firemen and policemen who sistently stand up and speak loudly for munity advancement through social con­ die or are disabled in the line of duty. the rights of their friends and relatives sciousness. Golden Johnson, Donald He received many awards for his works still in Estonia. On this 60th anniversary Payne, Dr. Reynold Burch, and Gustav with youth groups and for his many celebration, we honor that courage and Heninburg are all active Essex County charitable efforts. He was a trustee of show our pride and insure the continua­ citizens who have played important roles William Woods College in Fulton, Mo. tion of our support. in building a sense of pride in our com­ John Armbruster was equally success­ - With this in mind, I introduced House munity and leading in the progress we ful in his business career. He was operat­ Concurrent Resolution 117, which I hope, have made. ing his own real estate firm in 1932 will assist the Estonian people in their Mr. S.r;eaker, I am very grateful that when new Federal regulations began en­ struggle. Primarily, this resolution in­ Es3ex County College has established the couraging the founding of savings and forms the -President- of the-wilLoLCon_-__ annual bhl.ck history festivals, and I be­ loan associations to help revive the econ­ gress with regard to the fair and just lieve they will become a tradition in New omy shattered by the depression. treatment of the Baltic States by the Jersey's lOth District. I salute these ef­ Mr. Armbruster founded Community Soviet Union. It asks the President to forts to bring greater attention to black Federal Savings and Loan Association in urge the United Nations to take action in heritage in America. February 2'2, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4223 MIDEAST ARMS SALES: CONGRESS independent research convince me that respected and loved. Senator Humphrey was MUST DISAPPROVE we must act swiftly to reject the ad­ preeminent in this group. ministration's arms offers. The unprecedented seven-minute standing ovation when he returned to the Senate after Hon. John E. "Jack" Cunningham his last cancer operation was eloquent testi­ mony to that. The only comparable scene OF WASHINGTON MOST DECENT MAN IN POLITICS in this century was a dying Lou Gehrig bid­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ding farewell to a packed Yankee Stadium. Wednesday, February 22, 1978 HON. PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR. One of the reasons for that respect was that he had the most creative legislative Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, the OF CALIFORNIA mind of this century. Half of the most no­ administration has submitted to the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES table legislative achievements of the Ken­ Wednesday, February 22, 1978 nedy-Johnson years were originally Hum­ Congress a three-cornered package of phrey ideas. The Humphrey Peace Corps arms sales to Israel, Egypt, and Saudi Mr. McCLOSKEY. Mr. Speaker, like proposal offers a good example. Arabia. It is my belief that the House many others, I felt myself inadequate to The Senator had asked me in the spring must take early steps to disapprove of expressing the deep reverence I felt for of 1960 to put together a draft Peace Corps these sales. Senator Hubert Humphrey. bill and take it to the foreign aid agency In this package, Israel gets less than (then called ICA) in order to get the reaction I well recall, as a practicing lawyer in of top om::ials there. Five of the six omcials they asked for and need, while, in my a small California town, when I read, had the same reaction: "It's a lovely-sound­ opinion, the Saudis and Egyptians come with increasing respect, the lengthy de­ ing idea, but it will never work." out with a disproportionate share of the bates between Senator Humphrey and I returned to Humphrey with the discour­ pie. his colleagues in the debates preceding aging prognosis, and the reaction was typical Like most Members, Mr. Speaker, I passage of the 1954 Atomic Energy Act. of Humphrey. He pounded his fist in his watched hopefully the exchange of visits At that time I was skeptical and dis­ palm and exclaimed: "That's the trouble with those bureau­ and the commencement of negotiations trustful or both politics and politicians. crats in the Eisenhower Administration! between Prime Minister Begin and Pres­ The quality of Senator Humphrey's re­ Their attitude is, 'Don't rock the boat, don't ident Sadat. In reviewing these arms marks, and the depth of his understand­ try anything new, no new starts!' All they sales, I ask myself how they will assist ing of an incredibly broad range of com­ see are the problexns. They mount the prob­ in bringing the peace we all want to the plex national issues, played a material lexns so high (he put 'his hands over his Middle East? part in my own ultimate decision to leave head) that they don't see the challenges, The argument in favor of the Egyptian private life and campaign for public they don't see the opportuniti·es. I want to office. grasp the opportunity! Let's go ahead and portion of the arms deal is that selling introduce the bill." 50 F-5E's will substantially assist that A constituent of mine, Prof. Peter Another reason he was so respected was country to hold its own. Certainly, the Grothe, was moved to write a small piece that he had a political genius for getting activities of the Libyan Government on relating to his own relationship and re­ things done on Capitol Hill. Perhaps the best the eastern border of Egypt should not spect for Senator Humphrey. Professor (unreported) lesson on how to get a bill be overlooked. Neither should the Soviet­ Grothe's words are worthy of permanent through Congress was given by Humphrey inspired, Cuban-led expedition in the recording in this journal of that institu­ to Sargent Shriver after the Kennedy-in-law tion which Senator Humphrey did so was appointed to head the fledgling Peace Horn of Africa be minimized in impor­ Corps. Shriver was a talented leader but had tance. However, it is hard for me to much to enlighten and preserve. had little experience with Congress. Hum­ believe, Mr. Speaker, that the Egyptians MOST DECENT MAN IN POLITICS phrey said with more than his normal quo­ need this level of sophisticated weaponry (By Peter Grothe} tient of exuberance: to deal with threats to their own national There is a rule of thumb in Washington "Sarge, forget about talking to women's sovereignty from Libya or to the peace that the closer staff aides get to a well-known clubs in Detroit! They don't get your Peace of the region by the Cuban-Ethiopian politician, the more they realize his weak­ Corps bill passed. -.ve in the Congress do. adventure against Somalia. nesses. The opposite was true of Hubert Don't you sit down to another meal between Humphrey: The closer we got to Humphrey, now and the time your Peace Corps bill comes Saudi Arabia, under the administra­ the more we realized the greatness of the up for a vote unless there is a senator or a tion proposal, would be able to purchase man. congressman sitting by your elbow. 60 ultrasophisticated F-15 aircraft. He was described by Vice President Walter "Remember that there are 100 of us prima While it is easy to appreciate the need Mondale as "the most decent man in Ameri­ donnas in the Senate who stand around and to remain friendly with this staunchly can public life," and no one who worked debate and talk about how the government pro-Western country, I hesitate to con­ for him would disagree. The striking thing ought to run, and we envy you guys, because clude that external threats to Saudi Ara­ about most of his acts of kindness is that you are running the government, and we they were done with no thought of political would like to be! So make each Senator feel bia are such to justify the need for such pay permit to attack. Those aircraft, however, are dacious world of international politics. Is there any one in this room who could not this to happen. obliged to fly into areas which can be classi­ Mr. Chairman, by now you no doubt fied as· insecure. But then. it may be asked, identify at least a couple of such nations right now? There is no question that they do recognize that we are in favor of the kinds what is the purpose of attacking a u.s. air of tough provisions proposed in this bill. As carrier aircraft? . - - exist; the odor they produce is, however, tastefully ignored. Legitimate armed con­ airplane pilots, we are pleased with the posi­ The reason is simole: it is one of the most filet between nations is, unfortunately, an tive effect it will have upon the security of attractive targets for terrorism for it has the acceptable practice. There are few among us our passengers, crews and aircraft. We are following features: who have not personally experienced the also pleased, because it goes further into the 1. It is highly identifiable with its coun­ scourge of war. There are, however, interna­ broader and even more dar...gerous area of rule trv of registration. For example, TWA and tional limits set on such legal carnage. They by terror. We are fortunate to live in a great PAN AM are considered to represent the are :eferred to as the Rules of War. Terrorist and free country, something we wlll fight to U.S.A. attacks on innocent people, citizens of non­ maintain. We would like to fly throughout 2. The place for attack can be chosen involved nations and international air com­ the world in the same great, free environ­ from a wide selection of countries with an merce should not be targets for military ac­ ment. That's something we wlll fight to eye to the convenience of tho"'e countries tion. American citizens flying in U.S. regis­ obtain. in terms of the existing security arrange­ tered aircraft are not legitimate targets. We thank you sincerely for your initiatives ments, geographical proximity, political Those who consider them such are outlaws in presenting this bill and for giving us the sympathy, etc. and should be branded as such. They should opportunity to speak to it. 4228 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1978 CELEBRATING THE 50TH retirement, Julius C. Ehrlich was hiring ices industrial and railroad accounts in ANNIVERSARY more people and planning for expansion. more than 35 States. It should be noted that the formative All Ehrlich divisions assist their cus­ years of Mr. Ehrlich's business were the tomers in complying with the regula­ HON. GUS YATRON early 1930's during the Great Depression. tions of many of our governmental agen­ OF PENNSYLVANIA Hence, a business which started in the cies including the Environmental Pro­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Depression survived, expanded, pros­ tection Agency, Occupational Safety and Wednesday, February 22, 1978 pered-and has not had an economic Health Administration, the U.S. Depart­ layoff in 50 years! ment of Agriculture, Food and Drug Ad­ Mr. YATRON. Mr. Speaker, I am J. C. Ehrlich's formula for success­ pleased to have the opportunity to bring ministration, and a host of other State dedication to hard work, integrity, and and local regulatory agencies. an authentic American success story to a determination to succeed in a pioneer your attention. I am not just familiar with the J. C. enterprise-firmed the foundation Ehrlich organization because the head­ The officers and employees of the J. C. upon which his successors have been Ehrlich Co., are in the midst of celebrat­ quarters and two of its offices are in my able to build. congressional district. The Ehrlich name ing the 50th anniversary of the founding By 1939, four of Mr. Ehrlich's neph­ of the organization in 1928. has become a household word in most ews had immigrated to this country. parts of Pennsylvania. Although the founder, Julius C. Ehr­ In the best tradition of family, Mr. lich, passed away nearly 20 years ago, the I know that the Ehrlich name was rec­ Ehrlich brought his four nephews into ognized in the Yatron household since second and third generation of his fam­ his fledging business. British Columbia, control technology. business. he was an auditor for a meat packing The late Simon Ehrlich Hammel had However, more importantly, the firJ? house. During the summer months, he outstanding marketing instincts. He recognizes that the success of the busi­ became a prospector for copper. was a man who brimmed with ideas and ness has been based solely on good serv­ His career as an entrepreneur began enthusiasm for people. ice-and the key to good service is the when he purchased and operated a paper Arthur Hammel is still active in the teamwork of its people placed through­ box factory in Spokane, Wash., a brewery business and is the companies' chief out the organization. in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, and a meat executive officer. He has provided the Although the company has grown to packing house in Boise, Idaho. He then overall leadership, business savvy, and where it now employs nearly 250 people traded the meat packing house in Idaho administrative abilities necessary to throughout the United States, they will for a 280-acre range in New Plymouth, run today's farflung business. Arthur all join on March 11, 1978, to celebrate, Idaho, which was known as the J. C. Hammel's association with the com­ as a corporate family, 50 years of faith­ Ehrlich Scientific Dairy Farm. pany exceeds 40 years. ful service. After working as a controller at a large However, the Hammel family is not I hope to te able to be with them that cannery, he moved to Reading, Pa., in the only family loyal to the J. C. Ehr­ night to wish them good luck for their 1918 to work in the manufacturing end lich organization. There are many who next 50 years. of an optical business which was oper­ have devoted their working careers to ated by his sister's husband. the firm. An additional sign of respect Ten years later while visiting his between employer and employee is the daughter Hildred and her family in many families connected with the com­ LITHUANIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY Trenton, N.J., he read a newspaper ad pany. There are father-and-son com·­ for someone to sell electric sprayers. binations, brothers, sons-in-law, and Part of his product line included the cousins who are associated with the HON. FLOYD J. FITHIAN selling of insecticides. business. OF INDIANA When he found that one of his insec­ The third generation of Ehrlich man­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ticide customers, a department store, agement includes four cousins, Richard Tuesday, February 21, 1978 was not using the insecticide he had Yashek, Victor Hammel, Robert Ham­ sold them, he offered to apply the insec­ Mr. FITHIAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise to­ mel, and Davy Goldsmith. day to speak on behalf of more than ticide himself. With this service origi­ It is the personnel of the J. C. Ehrlich nated what has become Pennsylvania's 1 million Lithuanian Americans who organization who have made it a premier recently celebrated their independence largest pest control organization and a company in its various fields of endeavor. definitive name in the industry. day. In fact, J. C. Ehrlich Co., Inc., and Today, J. c. Ehrlich Co., Inc., is Penn­ On July 4, 1976, we celebrated our J. C. Ehrlich Chemical Co., Inc., are not sylvania's largest pest and termite con­ 200th year of independence. On February only nationally known for termite and trol organization with more than 20 of­ 16, 1978, the Lithuanian people cele­ pest control, but for industrial weed fices throughout the Commonwealth of brated 60 years from the day that they control services, floor maintenance Pennsylvania. It is, in fact, one of the declared independence. However, the equipment and janitorial supplies, lawn largest companies of its type in the Na­ people of Lithuania cannot celebrate as care services, bird control services, sani­ tion-an organization which is proud to we did, because of the fact that they are tation inspection services, and as pesti­ have played its role in helping mankind under Soviet domination. The basic free­ cide formulators. live harmoniously with his environment. doms that we take for granted are re­ The remarkable aspect of Mr. Ehr­ Copesan, a national pest control m~r­ pressed in Lithuania. The freedoms of lich's initiative is that he founded this keting association, selected J. C. Ehrlich speech and religious practice are re­ company at the age of 57. While his Co., Inc., as the best pest control com­ stricted. The freedom to gain social, cul­ contemporaries were contemplating re­ pany in Pennsylvania. tural, and economic growth are greatly tirement, Julius C. Ehrlich was develop­ The Industrial Weed Control Division hindered. These freedoms should be rec­ ing his business. While others were in of J. c. Ehrlich Chemical Co., Inc., serv- ognized as basic human rights. February 2'2, 1978 EXTENSlONS OF REMARKS 4229 The heroic Lithuanians have fought a portunities throughout the metropolitan gently written letters, gone to meetings, long and bitter struggle to gain and re­ Chicago area. and participated without proper recog­ tain these basic rights of man. On Feb­ In 1973 Tom Ayers was honored as nition for the time they have spent. ruary 16, 1918, the Lithuanian National Man of the Year by the Chicago Urban Lastly, Governor Straub and his aides Council unanimously declared its inde­ League. In 1977 he was presented the Janet McLennan and Roger Mellum de­ pendence. To secure this goal, Lithuania Damien Award by Loyola University of serve commendation for a courageous signed a peace treaty with the Soviet Chicago. attempt at compromise on the Kal­ Union. For 20 years the nation grew and The presentation of the Humanitarian miopsis additions. prospered. In 1940 the Soviet Union vio­ Service Award to Tom recognizes his These people understand the need to lated the peace treaty and invaded the distinguished service to the people of maintain balance in our management of Lithuanian homeland. Some 300,000 re­ Chicago and shows how highly esteemed public lands and the interdependence of lentless Lithuanians were deported to he is by all of us. one resource with another. It is to these Siberia. The Lithuanian people revolted Lincoln's words which are engraved people, Mr. Speaker, that I dedicate my against this barbaric oppression. The re­ on the dedication plaque ar~ a testimony efforts to pass the Endangered American volt lasted for 2 months before a new en­ to the ideals of those who, like Tom Wilderness Act. emy locked and bolted the door to free­ Ayers, are dedicated servants of their dom. The Nazis occupied Lithuania for 3 community. years, stifling this country's lifeline to Let us have faith that right makes might liberty. During the period of 1944-1953, and in that faith dare to do our duty. THE BADGE OF FAILURE 60,000 Lithuanians gave their lives in I wish to extend by personal congrat­ battles against the Soviet aggression. ulations to Tom Ayers and his family for HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL Over 1 million Lithuanians are in this great honor: the United States today. They are people OF ILLINOIS who should be recognized as well as re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES spected by 'all freedom-loving people. Wednesday, February 22, 1978 Tribute should be paid to the Lithuani­ ENDANGERED WILDERNESS ACT ans as a prime example of man's innate Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, rarely do desire to be independent. This day should we come across anything really new in HON. JAMES WEAVER our deliberations of issues in the House. be a reminder to us all that there are Most arguments are little more than rep­ many countries that are not able to prac­ OF OREGON etitions of those first made long ago. No­ tice even the most fundamental human IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES where is this more evident than in the rights, which we cherish so much in the Wednesday, February 22, 1978 argument over welfare reform. United States. Mr. WEAVER. Mr. Speaker, many in­ William Raspberry, the thoughtful and dividuals in southwestern Oregon have incisive columnist of the Washington devoted countless hours to the passage Post, has broken this pattern. In a re­ THOMAS G. AYERS of the Endangered American Wilderness cent column, "Time to Scrap the Wel­ Act. Their vision and commitment to the fare 'Badge of Failure'", Raspberry sug­ preservation of important wilderness gests that instead of stressing and rein­ HON. MORGAN F. MURPHY areas was invaluable to me during the forcing the negative aspects of welfare OF ILLINOIS time we have spent on this legislation. participation (sheer need) the Govern­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Gail and Ogden Kellogg, Katy Hall­ ment should devise programs in which there are incentives for self-help and Wednesday, February 22, 1978 mark, and the members of the Kal­ miopsis Committee diligently cataloged self -improvement. Mr. MURPHY of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, every square foot of the southern addi­ As Raspberry says, "none of this is today I would like to pay special tribute tions including mineral deposits, flora particularly profound" but it is a new to an outstanding Chicago businessman and fauna, and potential timber yield. slant on an old problem. At this point, and public servant, Thomas G. Ayers. Dennis and Nancy Littrell and the mem­ therefore I would like to insert in the Tom Ayers has been chosen the recipi­ bers of the Lower Illinois River Commit­ RECORD this column by William Rasp­ ent of the Abraham Lincoln Center Hu­ tee did the same for the northern Kal­ berry, from the Washington Post, Febru­ manitarian Service Award for 1978. This miopsis additions. Kurt Kutay of the ary 21, 1978. award is reserved for people who through Oregon Wilderness Coalition defined the TIME TO SCRAP THE WELFARE "BADGE their dedicated civic and community need to preserve certain sections of the OF FAILURE" contributions have made Chicago a bet­ Wild Rogue. Joe Walicki of the Wilder­ (By William Raspberry) ter place to live. ness Society kept us all informed of the Human beings seem to need opportunities Tom Ayers is chairman of the Chi­ progress we were making through con­ to set themselves apart in ways that are con­ cago Economic DeVelopment Commis­ stant communication between citizens sidered positive. sion, which has been instrumental in and the Congress. Doug Scott's keen in­ We know that, of course, and we act on bringing and keeping business in our sights and Larry Williams' willingness to that knowledge in countless aspects of our go anywhere anytime were invaluable. lives. We pass out gold stars and other re­ metropolitan area. He has helped mi­ wards to children who do their school work nority businesses get financial backing To Holly Jones we all owe a special uncommonly well. We give bonuses to work­ and reduced the flow of jobs to other thank you. His determination to pre­ ers who show themselves to be unusually regions of the country. serve the French Pete has spanned a 20- useful. A pioneer in promoting equal employ­ year period and his hope kept us all in­ We sponsor testimonials, award honorary ment opportunities for minorities and valved until the issue was successfully degrees and name public buildings for peo­ disadvantaged citizens, Tom was one of resolved. ple who demonstrate uncommon devotion to the first leaders of the Employment and Many others have done hours of work the public good. We are forever devising Youth Motivation Program. This pro­ out of the limelight. The organizational ways to satisfy the human urge to be set gram which is sponsored by the Chicago work and communication were carried apart as special. Association of Commerce and Industry on by Valerie and Forrest Taylor, Dr. But somehow, this instinct-so effective in Jay O"Leary, Darrel and Wilma Gaunt, reinforcing and encouraging those attributes is aimed at encouragin~ inner-city Bob and Dori MacArthur, Diane Meyer, we believe to be in the public interest­ youths to stay in hiJh school and im­ Dale Jones, Dorothy and Bob Sherman, abandons us when it comes to social welfare. prove their chances to succeed in life. Bill Meyer, Dick Noyes, John Kemp, Ned We create all sorts of potentially useful Tom has chaired the Leadership Coun­ Duhnkrack, Sandy Tepfer, Jim Baker, programs for the needy among us-public cil for Metropolitan Open Communities, Paul Nolte, Miradell Gale, Jim Montieph housing, financial assistance, job training. which works for integrated housing op- and all the unsung heroes who have dili- special educational projects. But instead of 4230 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 2 .~, 1978 using these programs to reinforce and en­ and, generally, have rather clear-cut plans for service to the growth of understanding courage good things, we do just the opposite. overcoming it. Poor people are more likely to in our community. The one overriding criterion for access to consider their poverty a more-or-less per­ any of these programs is !allure. manent state, with only vague dreams that You have to be a failure to get into the things might someday be different. housing projects (you're kicked out if you If you're merely broke, rather than poor, RETIREMENT LIVING COSTS show signs of overcoming). You have to be being reduced to public housing or public as­ virtually without resources, financial and sistance might in itself be an incentive to do COMPARED otherwise, to qualify for public-assistance better, even if doing better means moving payments. You have to be an academic fail­ into ostensibly worse housing that is your ure to gain entry into a whole host of spe­ own. That is, you'd make every effort to HON. MORRIS K. UDALL cial-education programs. demonstrate that you and your family are OF ARIZONA not the complacent failures that your public­ In general, we reward those things we wish IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to see repeated. But in social welfare, we re­ housing neighbors appear to be. ward those things that most distress us, and None of this is particularly profound, when Wednesday, February 22, 1978 we are endlessly surprised when people react you think ab.::ut it. But we never seem to negatively to the things we offer as rewards think about it. If we did, we might conclude Mr. UDALL. Mr. Speaker, I am fre­ for their negative attributes. that the single most important thing the quently asked about the cost of living in We wonder at the number of broken win­ Carter administration could do about welfare Arizona for retired couples. Arizona dows and urine-soaked elevators in public­ reform is to use public aid as an incentive. Business, a publication of the College of housing buildings, at the broken and vandal­ As it is, we've made it a badge of failure. No Business Administration at Arizona ized playground equipment in low-income wonder it works s::> badly. neighborhoods, at the contempt with which State University. recently published an poor children treat their free-lunch coupons. article on the cost of retirement living in We never seem to understand that by reward­ Phoenix and a comparison of costs ing failure we encourage failure and con­ SANTA CLARA COUNTY among Phoenix and 23 other metropoli­ tempt for its symbols. tan areas in the Nation. I have a feeling we'd all be better off if we turned the thing on its head. Suppose, for HON. DON EDWARDS Objective of the article is to set forth instance, that in addition to sheer need-a the expenditures necessary to maintain negative criterion-we established positive OF CALIFORNIA an intermediate level of living for a re­ criteria for, say, public-housing eligib111ty. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tired couple in the Phoenix metropoli­ We could require, for instance, that public­ Wednesday, February 22, 1978 housing applicants commit themselves to tan area, based on budget studies devel­ being responsible for the upkeep of both their Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. oped by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. apartments and, on a rotating basis, such Speaker, my distinguished colleague, Mr. The study found that a retired couple common areas as halls and lawns. MINETA and I would like to bring to the living in the Ph.Jenix area in 1976 Suppose these families, by exemplary ful­ attention of our colleagues the record needed $6,805 to maintain an "inter­ fillment of their assigned duties, could earn and outstanding contributions of the merit points toward more desirable public mediate level" of living. would be demerits for poor behavior, an ac­ The National Conference of Christians Looking back 10 years to see what has cumulation of which would render the family and Jews was established in 1928 to pro­ happened in Phoenix, the study found ineligible for public housing altogether.) mote justice, understanding, and a spirit that the most substantial increases be­ My guess is that we would thereby not only of unity among all religious groups. tween 1969 and 1976 have been in medi­ greatly diminish the amount of vandalism Locally, our Santa Clara National Con­ and other evidences of contempt for public ference of Christians and Jews has cal care and food. Housing is now con­ assistance, but also greatly increase the num­ stressed the administration of justice, suming a smaller percentage of the ber of families "graduating" into self-suf­ education, and youth leadership. They couple's total budget than in 1969 as are ficiency. In addition, it might have a salu­ have provided an extremely valuable clothing and personal care and other tary effect on the ability and inclination of service to the community by sponsoring family consumption. For the first time the families to discipline their children. a forum for discussion of issues of vital since 1969 the Phoenix area budget ex­ Why does such elementary psychology concern to all of the citizens of Santa ceeds that of the U.S. average in the elude us? I suspect, it is because those who Clara County. BLS-monitored areas. However, the make the rules tend to see everything total budget needed for Phoenix is only through their own middle-class eyes. Middle­ As the National Conference of Chris­ class people think of themselves without tians and Jews celebrates their 50th an­ slightly above that of the national aver- ­ money, and imagine that being broke is the niversary, we would like to congratulate age in absolute expenditures. same as being poor. It isn't. them on a job well and professionally The following table compares a re­ Middle-class people without money always done, secure in the knowledge that they tired couple's budget costs in 24 metro· consider their penury a temporary condition will continue to provide outstanding politan areas in 1969 and 1976:

HISTORICAL COMPARISON OF RETIRED COUPLE'S BUDGET COSTS: PHOENIX AND 23 OTHER METROPOLITAN AREAS, 1959 AND 1976 [Numbers in parentheses indicate ranking in cost)

1969-76 increase 1969- 76 increase Area 1969 budget 1976 budget Amount Percent Area 1969 budget 1976 budget Amount Percell\

Boston ______$4,643 (3) $8,017 (1) $3,374 72.7 Detroit______------______4, 194 (17) 6, 731 (13) 2, 537 60.5 New York-New Jersey ______4, 689 (2) 7, 929 (2) 3, 240 69. 1 Minneapolis-St. PauL ______---- 4, 277 (14) 6, 720 (14) 2, 443 57.1 Honolulu ______-- Pittsburgh _____ ------______Buffalo ______4, 755 (1) 7, 691 (3) 2, 936 61.7 4, 241 (15) 6, 702 (15) 2, 461 58.0 4, 604 (6) 7, 400 (4) 2, 796 60.7 Chicago ______------4, 309 (12) 6, 700 (16) 2, 391 55.5 San Francisco-Oakland ______------____ Kansas City, Mo ______Seattle ______4, 607 (5) 7, 309 (5) 2, 702 58.6 4, 224 (16) 6, 635 (17) 2, 411 57. 1 4, 623 (4) 7, 128 (6) 2, 505 54.2 St. Louis______-- ______4, 289 (13) 6, 613 (18) 2, 324 54.2 Washington, D.C ______------4, 422 (8) 7, 118 (7) 2, 696 61.0 San Diego ______------______4, 179 (18) 6, 595 (19) 2, 416 '57. 8 Philadelphia ______4, 380 (10) 7, 056 (8) 2, 676 61.1 Baltimore ______------____ 4, 106 (21) 6, 591 (20) 2, 485 60.5 Cleveland ______4, 520 (7) 7, 019 (9) 2, 499 . 55. 3 Houston ______:::-_-=--= - _: - ·4, 017 f22) • 523 (21) 2, 50 62.A Milwaukee ______Cincinnati ______Phoenix ______4, 386 (9) 6, 934 (10) 2, 548 58.1 4,lll (20) 6, 437 (22) 2,326 56.6 4, 202 (19) 6, 805 (11) 2, 603 61.9 Dallas ______-- ____ 4, 000 (23) 6, 292 (23) 2, 292 57.3 Los Angeles-Long Beach ______4, 374 (11) 6, 756 (12) 2, 382 54. 5 Atlanta ______3, 923 (24) 6, 149 (24) 2, 226 56 7

Source: Compiled ty Bureau of l!usiness znd Econcmic Re~earch, College of l!usiness Administration, Arizona s•.ate University, in cosponsorship with First National Bank of Arizona. February 2'2, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4231 PROSPECTS OF BUMPER GRAIN There are hungry people in much of be more concerned about environmental pol­ CROP DIMS WITH FARMERS' AT­ the world. Elsewhere, there are food sur­ lution or the mental pollution that these TITUDE pluses. With the ingenuity of the Amer­ people create by spreading fear and con­ stantly knocking our country and its institu­ ican trader, backed by the new farm bill tions." Hon. Theodore M. (Ted) Risenhoover and legislation such as I have introduced, He said the costs of excessive and ques­ we can sell ourselves out of many of the tionable regulation had increased between OF OKLAHOMA problems which exist for farmers and 1975 and 1976 by 38 percent. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES consur.ners. The cost of paperwork alone to comply Wednesday, February 22, 1978 with federal regulations cost more than $20 mllllon, Dow said. Mr. RISENHOOVER. Mr. Speaker, Dow separated the costs of regulation into across the farmlands of the Midwest, T .•."f.E COST OF REGULATION four general areas: environment; transpor­ moisture-laden snow signals another tation; health and safety; and "other." bur.nper grain crop. Transportation was the second most costly And, along the corridors of the Capitol, HON. DAN QUAYLE area of regulation. Presumably it involves OF INDIANA the cost of regulation by the Interstate angry farmers are carrying their "strike" Commerce Commission, since much of what message to Congress. They say they will IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Dow ships probably is carried by regulated not plant this spring because farming has Wednesday, February 22, 1978 companies. become a losing business. The cost of transportation regulation, Dow The proven law of supply and demand Mr. QUAYLE. Mr. Speaker, this article, said, was $51 milUon in 1976, up from $45 governs prices of agricultural products. which appeared in the Washington Star m1llion 1n 1975. The study said only $28 mll­ In a competitive marketplace of many on January 28, points out the cost of lion of this cost is appropriate, with $2 mll­ needless Government regulation. lion questionable and $21 m1llion excessive. independent suppliers, wracked by un­ Compliance with health and safety regu­ predictable weather and uncontrollable So that my colleagues may begin to get an idea of the real cost of all this lations cost Dow $28 milllon, or which it fig­ equipment and supply costs, farm prices ured $16 milllon was appropriate, $2 mill1on are chaotic. There is little to guarantee regulation, I call the following article questionable and $10 milllon excessive. a profit for farmers. Survival on the farm to their attention: The cost of complying with all other fed­ now is questionable. [From the Washington Star, Jan. 28, 1978] eral regulations was put at $23 milllon, with Our farmers, who today are up to their REGuLAToRs CosT Dow $186 MILLION-Ex- only $9 milllon said to be appropriate, $1 mil­ hips in SnOW, haVe long been UP tO their PENSE OF COMPLIANCE RISES 27 PERCENT IN lion questionable and $13 m1llion excessive. In comp111ng the costs of regulation, Dow necks in debt. As the warmth of spring YEAR, FmM SAYs studied the impact of regulations of more soaks the snow into the soil, Congress (By Stephen M. Aug) than 70 government agencies. The company must act to improve the marketplace to Dow Chemical Co. spent $186 m1llion to was divided into hundreds of units for pur­ assure economic stability for farmers. comply with the myriad or minutiae re- poses of the study and the cost of regula­ Today, I am introducing legislation to quired by federal regulatory agencies 1n tion of each unit and nearly every product stimulate exports of farm products. Sim- 1976-a 27 percent increase in the cost of was determined. Dow has not made the de­ ilar legislation has been introduced in the complying with government regulations in tailed study available. a one-year period. Senate. The costs, the study points out, are passed One bill provides Commodity Credit along to Dow consumers. The cost of regula­ Corporation financing to exporters who tion represents about 3.3 percent or $5.7 bil­ PENNSYLVANIA AMERICAN LEGION wish to extend deferred payment terms lion 1n sales and 30 percent of Dow's $613 to foreign buyers in order to meet foreign mmion in profits in 1976. CITES DANGER OF PROGRAM competition and increase export sales. Dow, which is one of the few corporations MERGER Th th t f th known to have performed an in-depth study e rus 0 e bill is to bring the of the cost of government regulation-and CCC into a partnership with private-en- to have made the results public-contends HON. JOSHUA EILBERG terprise sales people who are promoting that some of the costs of government regula­ OF PENNSYLVANIA U.S. farm products. tion are clearly proper. In !act, of the $186 IN THE HOUSE·OF REPRESENTATIVES A second bill, which I also am intro- m1llion, Dow analysts figure $103 m1llion was ducing today, would increase to $1 billion spent to comply with rules that are appro­ Wednesday, February 22, 1978 the funds which could be used to pur- priate. Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, at their chase American agricultural commodi- That leaves $83 mlllion wasted from Dow's recent meeting in Gettysburg, Pa., the ties for the food for peace program. This point of view-$69 million spent to comply members of the executive committee of represents a $200 million increase over with regulations it figures are clearly un- warranted and another $14 mlllion of costs · the American Legion, Department of the current budget of $800 million, and that are questionable. -Pennsylvania, adopted a resolution cit­ offers new hope to U.S. farmers by in- The $186 million figure compares with $147 ing the danger to veterans of a merger creasing the money available to purchase million as the cost of complying with gov­ between the Pennsylvania State Employ­ their products. ernment regulations in 1975, the first year ment Service and CErA programs. I believe the farm bill enacted last for which the comprehensive study was The State Employment service cur­ year holds many answers to old problems. undertaken. rently provides a, preference to veterans I do not, however, expect a miraculous Since Dow is a chemicals company, it is in making job referrals, CETA programs not surprising that the largest costs of reversa1 o f 8 years of neglect of American regulation are in the environmental area- Canada. In vant to the construction and operation of tional Economic Commission of The Ameri­ addition, the legislation establishes a mech­ this pipeline available to you under this can Legion :..nd to all members of Congress anism which gives the Canadian Federal Gov­ section? (Section 7). from Pennsylvania. ernment the power to block proposed pipe­ "Mr. GOLDMAN. We have no specific com­ line contracts for goods and services nego­ mitment from them about individual docu­ tiated by the Canadian pipeline company ments. The whole tenor of the agreement (called Foothills) that fail to provide suffi­ and the consultative processes established in U.S. CONSUMERS AND BUSINESSES cient Canadian content. The official Canadian the agreement lead us to believe that that DISADVANTAGED BY CANADIAN press release accompanying the introduction should not be a problem." ACTIONS ON ALCAN PIPELINE of the legislation said that this condition was In light of the actions by the Canadian "in keeping with Foothills' stated objective Government detailed in thi<> letter it would of achieving some 90 % Canadian content". appear that the consultative processes estab­ HON. JOHN D. DINGELL Restrictions similar to those proposed by lished in the Agreement have either not OF MICHIGAN the Canadian Government are conspicuously been used or have been unsuccessful. Ac­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES absent from the President's decision. cordingly, we request that you inform us Second, the Agreement on Principles be­ of the consultations that have occurred be­ Wednesday, February 22, 1978 tween the U.S. and Canada specified that the tween the United States and Oanada on the Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I am .in­ technical study group would a:idress the matters raised in this letter. issue of the diameter and operating pres­ Even more disturbing is the failure of the serting today further correspondence sures for the 110·:>-mile portion of the Cana­ Agreement on Principles to guarantee that Congressman CLARENCE J. BROWN and I dian pipeline (between Whitehorse and Caro­ the United States will have access to all the have directed to the administration on line Junction) that would carry a com­ materials relevant to a determination of our concerns regarding a recent Cana­ m ingled stream of Alaskan and Canadian whether, in fact, the goods and services pro­ dian Government action that adversely natural gas. The technical study group was cured for the pipeline in Canada meet the will impact on U.S. businesses and con­ required to test and evaluate 54-inch 1120 test of competitiveness set forth in Section sumers. This is in connection with con­ pounds per square inch (psi), 48-inch 1260 7. The matters raised in this letter indicate struction of the Alca.n natural gas pipe­ psi and 48-inch 1680 psi pipe, or any other to us that you should move expeditiously to line from Alaska through Canada to the combination of pressure and diameter which obtain a commitment from the Canadian would achieve safety, reliability and economic Government that the United States will have lower 48. Our letter today to Secretary efficiency for operation of the pipeline. The access to all the information necessary to James Schlesinger, Department of En­ Agreement on Principles specifically recog­ enforce the terms of Section 7 so that Ameri­ ergy, is similar to our concerns expressed nized that the decision relating to pipeline can industry will be assured of a fair and Tuesday, February 21. 1978, in our mes­ specifications remained the responsibility of competitive opportunity to supply goods and sage to Secretary Cyrus Vance, Depart­ the appropriate regulatory authorities. services to the pipeline in Canada. ment of State, on the Alcan pipeline The United States has informed Canada This matter raises serious concerns with agreement. that it prefers the 48-inch 1680 psi alternative respect to the degree to which the Canadian I insert the letter to Secretary Schles­ for the portion of the pipeline between Government considers itself legally bound by inger at this point: Whitehorse and Caroline Junction. The 48- the Agreement on Principles and the Transit Pipeline Treaty. To the extent these docu­ HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, inch system is considered to have the lowest cost of service. ments go unheeded, the President's decision Washington, D .C., February 22,1978. on this matter has been severely undermined. Hon. JAMES R . SCHLESINGER, The U.S. steel industry currently has one facility capable of manufacturing 48-inch Sincerely, Secretary of Energy, Department of Energy, JOHN D. DINGELL, The White House, Washington, D.C. pipe. Presumably under the Agreement on Principles this company would have a fair Chairman. DEAR MR. SECRETARY: We are deeply dis­ CLARENCE J . BROWN. turbed by recent events in Canada with re­ opportunity to supply pipe for this portion spect to efforts to construct a pipeline to of the pipeline. Ranking Minority Member. carry natural gas from Alaska through Yesterday, however, Canada announced it Canada to the lower 48 States. It appears has selected a 56-inch 1080 psi system for that several recent actions by the Canadian this segment of the pipeline system. The Government may be inconsistent with agree­ cost of service of this system is greater than LITHUANIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY ments with the United States, costing United that for a 48-inch system. Using 56-inch pipe States' consumers additional hundreds of is estimated to cost U.S. consumers addi­ millions of dollars and severely disadvantag­ tional hundreds of millions of dollars over HON. RONALD M. MOTTL ing United States' manufacturers, particu­ a 20-year period. OF OHIO larly our steel industry. Canada currently has two facilities capable As you know, on November 3, 1977, the of manufacturing 56-inch pipe. One of these IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Congress adopted a Joint Resolution approv­ facilities is an affiliate of one of the Canadian Tuesday, February 21, 1978 ing the President's decision selecting the pipeline companies constructing the pipe­ Alcan Pipeline System (now known as the line system in Canada. The United States Mr. MOTTL. Mr. Speaker, I would like Northwest Alaskan Pipeline Company) to presently does not have any facilities that to commemorate the 60th anniversary of deliver natural gas from Alaska. A U.S.­ produce 56-inch pipe. We understand that the Declaration of Independence of Canadian Agreement on Principles was sub­ other countries such as Japan and Germany Lithuania. mitted as part of the President's decision. can produce 56-inch pipe. The Lithuanian people have always Section 7 of the Agreement on Principles, Both of these actions by the Canadian which you negotiated, committed each gov­ Government appear to be inconsistent with been industrious and a vital part of ernment to the position that the supply of Canada's promise to ensure that the supply American society. It is unfortunate that goods and services to the pipeline project of goods and services to the pipeline project the countries of Lithuania, Latvia, and would be on generally competitive terms. In would be on generally competitive terms. Estonia have been under the iron rule this connection, Deputy Assistant Secretary Both actions effectively deny a fair and com­ of the Soviet Union, whose policies have of State Bosworth testified before our Sub­ petitive opportunity for U.S. manufacturers resulted in the suppression of their hu­ committee that this provision "assured that to participate in the supply of goods and man rights and have denied the right of American materials specifically will have ac­ services to the pipeline in Canada. self-determination for the Baltic peoples. cess to inputs into this pipeline on a com­ The Subcommittee speCifically inquired petitive basis". into the operation of Section 7 of the Agree­ Even though the people are suppressed Recent events in Canada lead us to con­ ment on Principles at our hearing held on by the Communists, the Lithuanians will clude that the Canadian Government may October 14, 1977. Subcommittee counsel never give up their desire to be free from February 22, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4233 political domination. And so there re­ ceding sentence shall apply to a trust only Although we were in no way related, it mains today the bright hope that some if the aggregate amount which may be so was my honor and pleasure to have been withdrawn and used by any person may not day soon the freedom that Lithuania exceed the aggregate amount of contribu­ acquainted with Mr. Byron and his achieved 60 years ago on February 16, but tions by such person to the trust. Any family and to have nominated his son, which has been brutally suppressed by amount so withdrawn and used by any per­ 1st Lt. Michael Byron, to the U.S. Air the Soviets, will someday shine again. son shall be included in the gross income Force Academy, graduating class of 1977. of such person for the taxable year in which A 20-year resident of Ellicott City, withdrawn. Md., Mr. Byron was the director of "(C) For purposes of this paragraph, the human resources for Hitman and Asso­ THE TEXT OF H.R. 7711, THE PROD­ term 'product liab111ty' means- ciates, a member of the Hiring of the UCT LIABILITY INSURANCE TAX "(!) in the case of any person engaged in Handicapped Committee of Howard EQUITY ACT any trade or business of manufacturing. dis­ tributing, or selling any manufactured good, County, and a member of the Silver any liability arising from any defect in or use Spring Chamber of Commerce. Always HON. EDWARD W. PATTISON of such good; and concerned with young people, Mr. Byron "(11) in the case of any person engaged in OF NEW YORK founded the Howard County Youth any trade or business of providing any serv­ Baseball League, and was an organizer IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ice, any liability arising from the providing of the Grantley Post team in the Ameri­ Wednesday, February 22, 1978 of (or the failure to provide) such service." (b) EFFECIIVE DATE.-The amendment can Legion. Mr. PATTISON of New York. Mr. made by subsection (a) shall apply to tax­ He will be greatly missed by his wife, Speaker, the authors of H.R. 7711, the able years beginning after the date of the en­ Frances, and family and all who knew Product Liability Insurance Tax Equity actment of this Act. him. I know you will join me in extend­ Act, have a rather pleasant problem. It SEC. 3. DEDUCTION FOR CONTRIBUTION TO TAX­ ing the official sympathies of the House seems that there have been so many re­ EXEMPT PRODUCT LIABILirY TRUST. to this unselfish and civic-minded quests for copies of our legislation that (a) GENERAL RuLE.-Part IV of subchapter American. the Documents Room is unable to keep B of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code a supply of the bill on hand. We have of 19M (relating to itemized deductions for individuals and corporations) is amended by THE NAVY'S TOP 1977 RECRUITER even exhausted the available supplie3 adding at the end thereof the following new of copies of the bill as reintroduced section: HON. BILL CHAPPELL, JR. under other numbers. "SEC. 192. CONTRIBUTIONS TO CERTAIN PROD­ Consequently, I wish to insert in the UCT LIAEILITY TRUSTS. OF FLORIDA CONGRESSIONAL RECORD the text of H.R. "(a) GENERAL RULE.-In the case of a tax­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 7711, so that the bill will be more readily payer who is engaged in any trade or business Wednesday, February 22, 1978 accessible to the general public. Please there shall be allowed as a deduction an note that the text I am placing in today's amount (determined under subsection (b)) Mr. CHAPPELL. Mr. Speaker, last RECORD includes a correction of the contributed during the taxable year to a month the U.S. Navy saluted its Out­ printing error that once appeared in the trust described in section 501(c) (21) which standing Recruiters of 1977. section entitled, "Limitation on Amount provides for the payment of product liability I was extremely proud that a young of Deduction." The version appearing claims against the taxpayer and arising in Navy man from my congressional dis­ connection with the trade or business of the trict, DPl Charles W. Krahn, Jr., Ocala, here is the correct language. taxpayer. The text of the bill follows: " (b) LIMirATION ON AMOUNT OF DEDUC­ Fla., was chosen the Outstanding Navy H.R. 7711 TION.-Under regulations prescribed by the Recruiter of the Year. According to Rear A blll to amend the Internal Revenue Code Secretary, a taxpayer shall be allowed a de­ Adm. E. s. Briggs, commander, Navy of 1954 to provide that trusts established duction under subsection (a) for any con­ Recruiting Command, he was the one for the payment of product liab111ty claims tribution during the taxable year to any trust who exemplified the highest personal and related expenses shall be exempt from only to the extent that such contribution and professional standards of the NavY income tax, and that a deduction shall be does not exceed the reasonable cost to the Recruiting Command. He enlisted 109 taxpayer (but for such trust) for insurance allowed for contributions to such trusts a~ .; licants into the Navy in fiscal year Be it enacted by the Senate and House for such year for the payment of product liab111ty claims and expenses directly re­ 1977-93 of whom were eligible to attend of Representatives of the United States of Navy class "A" school. America in Congress assembled, lated to the investigation and settlement (or opposition) of such claims. Petty Officer Krahn and his fellow SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. " (C) PRODUCT LIABILirY DEFINED.-For pur­ honorees were invited to Washington, This Act may be cited as the "Product poses of this section, the term 'product li­ D.C., where they and their ladies had a Llab111ty Insurance Tax Equity Act of 1977". ability' has the meaning given such term by most marvelous and memorable visit. SEC. 2. TAX EXEMPT PRODUCT LIABILITY section 501 (c) (21) ." On Monday, January 23, they attended TRUSTS. (b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.-The table Of an awards ceremony, a luncheon spon­ (a) GENERAL RULE.-Subsectlon (c) of sec­ sections for such part VI is amended by sored. by the Navy League of the United tion 501 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 adding at the end thereof the following new States and a reception hosted by Admiral (relating to organizations exempt from tax) item: Briggs. DPl-K!'ahn was meritoriously is amended by adding at the end thereof the "Sec. 192. Contributions to certain product following new paragraph: liability trusts." promoted to the grade of chief petty of­ "(21) (A) A trust providing for the pay­ (c) EFFECTIVE DATE.-The amendments ficer. ment of product llab111ty claims against one made by this section shall apply to taxable Tue<>day, January 24, they breakfasted or more persons (or against any employee of years beginning after the date of the enact­ with the Honorable W. Graham Claytor, such a person) who are engaged in any trade ment of this Act. Secretary of the NavY; toured the Pen­ or business, if, under the terms of the trust, it is impossible for any part of the corpus or tagon and had some free time to look income of the trust to be (within the taxable around the Washington area. year or thereafter) used for, or diverted to, Wednesday, January 25, was to them a any purpose other than the payment of such ALLEN L. BYRON red-letter day. They toured the White claims, any administrative expenses of such House early in the morning. Next, they trust, and any expenses directly related to visited the Capitol Building, where our the investigation and settlement (or oppo­ HON. GOODLOE E. BYRON OF MARYLAND former colleague, the Honorable Fred sl tlon) of such claims. Schwengel, now president of the U.S. "(B) Under regulations prescribed by the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Secretary, a trust (otherwise meeting there­ Cauitol Historical Society, conducted quirements of subparagraph (A)) shall be Wednesday, February 22, 1978 them through an exciting tour of our Na­ t:onsidered to meet such requirements not­ Mr. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, it is with tion's congressional history. withstanding the fact that the terms of the great regret that I note the untimely At noon the Honorable MELVIN PRICE, trust permit corpus and income to be with­ drawn from the trust by any person who passing of Allen L. Byron, an individual chairman, Armed Services Committee, made any contribution to the trust and who touched the lives of his family, and the Noncommissioned Officers Asso­ used for any purpose other than the pay­ friends, and members of the community ciation of the USA miny after ignominy are heaped on the nation and its "Mike" is an active member of the Ma­ 517/321-6467. sons and Elks and has worked for many First Vice President, Dan Holtz, Executive representatives by tinhorns from nations that Secretary, Minnesota Association of Town­ weren't even on the map in the days when years on behalf of the United Fund and ship Officials, Hawick, MN 56246, 612/243- Teddy Roosevelt followed the philosophy of the Girl Scouts of America. If he has a 3949. treading softly but carried a big stick. favorite labor of love, I expect it would Second Vice President, Ed K. Krueger, We aren't advocating gunboat diplomacy, be the American Cancer Society. He is Executive Director, Wisconsin Towns Asso­ but neither are we advocating caving in to extremely active in this area and pres­ ciation, Route 4, Box 320, Shawano, WI every demand and threat tossed our way. And ently is general chairman of the Mon­ 54166, 715/526-5629. the threat voiced that our South American neighbors might not like us if we don't give Yough branch. It is typical of "Mike" to Secretary/Treasurer, B. Kenneth Greider, insist that the proceeds from his testi­ Executive Director, Pennsylvania State Asso­ away the canal, and the billions of dollars of ciation of Township Supervisors, P.O. Box revenue it represents, doesn't bother us one monial dinner on March 1 be donated to 158, 3001 Gettsyburg Road, Camp Hill, PA whit. the Cancer Society. 17011, 717/763-0930. America :Uas always been a generous nation. Mr. Speaker, "Mike's" wife, Bette, and Immediate Past President, Chester Hum­ It has stepped in and helped throughout the his daughters, Mollie and Karin, have mell, Executive Director, Ohio Sta.te Associa­ world. What nation doesn't stlll owe huge every reason to be proud of him. He is a tion of Township Trustees and Clerks, 40 sums to the U.S.-amounts that could help man held in high esteem by all who know South Third Street, Columbus, OH 43215, erase the national debt that each and every him. I take great pleasure, therefore, in 614/221-8792. working man in the U.S. labors daily just to extending to him on behalf of my col­ Richard Howe, Executive Director, Mas­ help pay the interest on. And what friend­ ship has that bought? leagues in the Congress of the United sachusetts Selectmen's Association, 6 Beacon States our formal congratulations and Street, Boston, MA 02108, 617/523-8292. We feel along with the majority of Ameri­ James Ginther, President, Indiana Town­ cans that the Panama Canal should be re­ best wishes. tain~Jd. And we don't fear what a dictator in ship Trustees Association, 408 Riley Road, a banana nation may do to us. East Chicago, IN 46312, 219/932-2530. Leo Gray, President, North Dakota Town­ ship Officers Association, Inc., Rosholt, SD HOW ARMY FARES MINUS DRAFT 57260, 518/465-7933. SYSTEM George Mlller, President, Township Offi­ MICHAEL J. KADAR, JR., "CITIZEN cials of Illinois, 817 LaPorte, Melrose Park, OF THE YEAR" IL 60164, 312/455-8616. HON. WILLIAM A. STEIGER William K. Sanford, Executive Secretary, OF WISCONSIN Association of Towns of the State of New HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES York, 90 State Street, Albany, NY 12207, 518/ OF PENNSYLVANIA Wednesday, February 22, 1978 465-7933. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mrs. Pauline Jackson, New Jersey Associa­ Wednesday, February 22, 1978 Mr. STEIGER. Mr. Speaker, Secre­ tion of Townships, 8 Chatham Place, Vincen­ tary of the Army Clifford Alexander was town, N.J. 08088. Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, some one interviewed for the Washington Star's Executive Director, Barton D. Russell, once described the difference between a February 15 "Q and A" column on the Suite 1030, 1800 M Street, N.W., Washington. pessimist and an optimist as follows: the D.C.20036,202/452-8100. status of today's Army. pessimist finds difficulty in every oppor­ Secretary Alexander has done an ex­ tunity; the optimist finds opportunity in cellent job as head of the U.S. Army. He every difficulty. has shown strong, effective leadership, A LI'ITLE SAMPLE I would like to call the attention of my and he has been impressive in the de­ colleagues to a man who exemplifies the gree to which he has sought to deter­ optimist-Mr. Michael J. Kadar, Jr., mine just where the Army stands, what HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO who has been cho~en "Citizen of the its problems and strengths are. OF CALIFORNIA Year" by the Greater McKeesport Jay­ The firm judgment of the Secretary IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cees. Mr. Kadar is richly deserving of the is that the Volunteer Army "works quite honor. He has had a wide ranging career, Wednesday, February 22, 1978 well." Secretary Alexander·s comments involving him with numerous opportuni­ are instructive. He discusses Volunteer Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, the ties to confront problems and never has Army quality and costs, unionization, following editorial from the Santa Maria he failed to convert the Problem into the and other issues that should be of in­ Times reflects what I believe is a grow­ opportunity to help people. His commu­ terest to all of us. ing concern among a great deal of Ameri­ nity and its citizens have been the bene­ I commend the interview to the atten­ cans: U.S. policy vis-a-vis other nations. ficiary of his knowledge, ability and tion of all who read the RECORD. According to the editorial, the Panama experience. How ARMY FARES MINUS DRAFT SYSTEM Canal treaties represent just another ex­ By profession, Mr. Kadar is a banker's (Clifford Alexander, the secretary of the ample of the U.S. weakened position in banker, presently serving as vice presi­ Army, was interviewed by Washington Star the world. dent of the Union National Bank of Pitts­ Staff Writer Lance Gay.) The editorial follows: burgh and the manager of its McKees­ Question. The General Accounting Office (From the Santa Marla (Calif.) Times, port branch office. His interest in fi­ just issued a report that says the all­ Feb. 6, 1978] nances stretches back more than 30 years volunteer army caused a substantial in­ A LITTLE SAMPLE and he is prominent today in various crease in the Pentagon's budget--more than President Carter tells us that passage of banking organizations. $3 billion since 1973. Is the all-volunteer the Panama Canal treaties wlll improve our But, the world of finance is merely army cost effective? position of leadership among nations. But ALEXANDER. I believe it's quite cost effec­ his vocation. He spends as much or more tive. The GAO report addressed the past costs will it? of his time on his avocation-helping Will it increase our stature or will it add to that were associated with not only the all the growing doubts around the world of others. "Mike" Kadar rarely, if ever, volunteer army but the costs of the Army America's leadershio position? Wlll it lead misses an opportunity to serve the Mc­ generally. The most important driving force to further examples of defiance of the Keesport community and the surround­ of that report was the salary increase which United States, such as the most recent ex­ ing area. actually took place two years before the all­ amole of Vietnam telling us it will keeu its He has served on the local school board volunteer army started. Those are the largest United Nations ambassador in New York and is a past president of the Mon­ dollars in terrns of increase. We base our as­ deso-ite our insistence that he leave? sumptions on the present costs and the pres­ There was a time wben America was re­ Yough Chamber of Commerce, a past ent salaries for an all-volunteer army versus spected by the rest of the world. There was president of McKeesport Kiwanis Club, is the draft army. The proper question really a time when a challenge such as that offered vice president of the Mon-Yough Area is, "If we were to go to a draft, is there a by the Vietnamese would have been dealt Industrial Development Corp., a member cost savingg?" I think the answer is cle!l.rly with swiftly. of the Mon-Yough Management Associa- no. If you make the assumption that you're 4238 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 2'2, 1978 going to cut salaries in half, which to me to come ln. I don't think we should draft Pottsville, Pa.; 1979 marks the 100th year would be quite inequitable, of course you're physicians at the present time. I think we going to save money. What the GAO figures do have to encourage physicians to come in since the reorganization of the band indicate is that there was a salary increase because we do have a shortage. which began in 1849. ' and during the all-volunteer years, those Q. Some people say that the draft, for all The musical organizations of Pottsville salaries caused an increase in expenditures. its troubles, did bring a certain diversity to have truly played a significant role in People in the Army today really don't make the Army. It brought in non-m111tary people the history of our Nation. For this rea­ much money. They make an adequate wage who were only going to be there for two son, I would like to share with my col­ to sustain themselves and that's it. years-that It brought a softening effect leagues in the House a brief historical Q. You !eel that the nation went the right Into the military structure. Do you agree sketch which I recently and gratefully direction 1n eliminating the draft? with that? received from Mr. Harry C. Hostetter, A. I do. Perhaps 1! we had to sustain the A. Well, I think the premise behind that draft, the question would have to include Is misplaced romanticism. I! you bring in a president of the Third Brigade Band: indices of internal turmoil, but they have draftee-an E-1-that person doesn't set A SKETCH OF POTTSVILLE'S BANDS been happily on a steady decline, AWOLs, policy for the Army-and certainly doesn't The first Pottsville band of which there is !or example, in 1974 were at 108 per thousand. achieve such status within two years. And any record was organized in 1849. The leader In 1976 they were down to 56 per thousand. that's as it should be. It's the same with was Lamar H. Bartlett. Desertions were 33 per thousand 1n 1974. In people who are in three or four years. They In 1858, the Pottsv1lle Cornet Band was or­ 1976, down to around 13 or 14. I! you look at don't set policy. It seems to me that the ganized with Joseph Derr as leader. They the number of court martials, they have sig­ Army of the draft or volunteer eras have used to meet at Railroad and East Market nificantly gone down. One of our stockades professional leadership. I've been associated Street. in Europe--in G&many-has been closed. I! with the volunteer army !or a year and I'm About 1860, a band was organized by a you go around the country as I have and see happy we have the quality. It gives service man named Feger. They reported to the bases, you'll see a great lessening of the stock­ to the country. There are checks and bal­ front and were on duty at the siege of Pe­ ade population. Crimes of violence have de­ ances In the system, civ1lian control, etc. I tersburg, Va. creased. This indicates that people are doing think it works quite well. It seems to me September 2, 1861, the 48th Regiment better within the Army. Training has es­ the diversity people speak of Is there. The Band was organized with J. W. Sauders as calated and gotten better. There's a good up­ person who volunteers is a little lower eco­ leader and W1lliam Maize as drum major. swing. nomically than the average, but not much. They were mustered out of the service Au­ Q. There seems to be a growing movement He comes from a variety of backgrounds. gust 14, 1862. of unionizing the army. This seems to be an Education is a tiny bit lower. Of course, it November 8, 1861, the 96th Regiment Band issue that is not going to go away. Is there is higher in the officer ranks. There is hap­ was organized with N. J. Nehr -as leader. a groundswell out there that a union could pily an incentive that seems to build in the There were six brothers (no record of names) respond to? non-commissioned officers as they move in the band. They left for Washington imme­ A. I don't think that we've noticed a along to increase their education. For ex­ diately after and were discharged August 4, groundswell on the part of soldiers. Soldiers ample, now we bring in about 56 percent 1862. do have, however, certain legitimate gripes. high school graduates last year. The Army At the discharge of the 48th and 96th In the year I've been here my emphasis has overall Is almost 84 percent high school Regiment Bands, they reorganized with been on the people in the Army and what graduates. Now, In their 18th, 19th or 20th Horace Walbridge as leader and reported to and how they look, how they're trained, how years, many have now had college and be­ the 48th Regiment at Lexington, Kentucky they're regarded. That means we have to con­ yond. That's a good thing. and were in service for three months. cern ourselves with their housing, with how Q. The all-volunteer army has also re­ In 1867, a Negro band was organized by their capacity to transport their family with sulted In a disproportionate number of mi­ John Jones, living on Minersv1lle Street. them when they're sent overseas, child care, nority-member soldiers compared to the The West End Band came into existence. what is on base !or them in terms of recrea­ general population. How do you see this as a Its leader was a man named McDaniels. tion. We address those problems and if the factor? September 16, 1867, the Jones Cornet and uniformed leadership of the Army con­ A. The Army Is a place where people can Orchestra Band was chartered. B. Bryson tinues, as it has done, to think about people, achieve their opportunities according to McCool made application for the charter. it seems to me that many of those gripes are their skllls. Of course there are exceptions In 1870, a band called the Young America answered. In talking to soldiers I don't hear but fortunately becoming rarer and rarer. Band was organized, but went out of exist­ them saying they want to join a union. And The first question I asked of our leadership ence shortly therea:ter. indeed when the AFGE took a poll of its is, "Are our soldiers doing the job?" The an­ From early in 1879 to the l-atter part of the own membership, over 80 percent said, "We swer Is a clear yes today, we are doing it bet­ year. Pottsville was without an organized see no reason to try to unionize the Army." ter and better each year. So I have no con­ band, and In order to have music for a big But despite there isn't great interest on the cern at all about the numbers of minorities demonstration, It was necessary to go to part of the soldier, it's our responsib111ty, In the Army. I do keep an eye out and wlll Reading for a band. This showed the ab­ and mine specifically, to be helpful to the have a concern about how they are progres­ solute necessity of having a brass band. needs of the soldier, to recognize those needs sing, and whether they are progressing fairly September 18, 1879, for the second time in so that we have a better environment for in relationship to the minority of the serv­ Pittsv1lle's history, a band called the Potts­ our soldiers to defend their nation. ices. We have very interesting and positive v1lle Cornet Band came Into existence. A Q. Would you support a unionization statistics in the noncommissioned officer RefZlmental Band Master named Jim Alex­ movement? ranks. In the officer ranks there is improve­ ander was named leader. At the first meet­ A. No, I certainly would not. ment but it is slower than I would like to Ing, Fidel Fisher, Jim Alexander, Horace Q. Whynot? see it. We do have some good signs In ROTC­ Walbridge, George (Gov) Ochs and Adolph A. I think It's basically inconsistent with about 22 percent black in that category. The H. Kopp were appointed a committee to de­ the discipline that's required in the mil1tary. Army is a place where people do get an op­ vise ways to put the band across. Many of It's a matter of life and death that orders portunity. But I find it to be of greater the members had previously been members must be responded to. You really must have moment that many of our black soldiers tend of the bands which preceded this one. a chain of command. Individuals In that to re-up at a much higher rate than our August 17, 1880. the Pottsv1lle Cornet chain of command must be able to respond white soldiers. That is because of the per­ Band became the 7th R~p-lment Band. literally on a moment's notice. They can't be ception, sometimes, that their opportunities August 2, 1881, General J. K. Siegfried mus­ looking over their shoulders to see if there would be lesser in corporate America than tered the band Into the service as The 3rd Is some other representative group on hand they would be with Army America. Again, Brigade Band of Pennsylvania, Pa. N.G.P. that is saying, "No, go in another direction." I'm proud of what we're trying to do and This position was held until Brigade Bands So I find it to be inconsistent with what our continue to do. were discontinued in 1903. In 1903, Pennsyl­ mission is. vania Legislature passed legislation terminat­ Q. Under the all-volunteer Army you have Ing Brigade Bands In the National Guard. a shortage of physicians. Do you think the Bandmaster Lt. Frederick Gearhard was draft should be reactivated to get more POTTSVILLE BAND asked to consider transferring himself and doctor's into the Army? the band intact to the 4th Regiment Pa. A. The perception of the question is ac­ N.G.P. After careful cc.nslderatlon of th1'3 re­ curate. We're dealing with it by contracting HON. GUS YATRON quest by Colonel -o•Nem.- tt was finally de- - cided not to become a Regimental Band. out for civillan physicians. We're tryin~ to OF PENNSYLVANIA be more imaginative in the use of physicians In 1887, Professor Alexander resigned, and \n the reserve over the weekends so people IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES was succeeded by F. R. Zeitz. >!an come and use their services. We cannot Wednesday, February 22, 1978 Sometime after Pro!. Zeitz took over the compete with the outside dollar. We're also band. dissension beaa.n between some of the thlnkinfZ of possibly shorter terms for phy­ Mr. YAmoN. Mr. Speaker. I would members. This was probably caused because sicians. There are many training possib111t1es like to take a few minutes to pay tribute of the Bandmaster's insistence on playing in the m111tary that might attract physicians to the famous Third Brigade Band of everything to his own liking, in particular, February 2'2, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4239 German Nationalistic music, which was in a Harrisburg, The First Inauguration of F. D. November, 1974, while preparing for the way popular at this period. However, this Roosevelt at Washington, D.C., and the annual New Year's Concert at the Pottsville met with disfavor with some of the mem­ "Goodwlll Trips," with parades and concerts Club, it was decided to elevate R. Leland bers. As a result, about December, 1889, there at both Atlantic City and New York City. Wesner (associate conductor) to Conductor was a split in the band, and The Liberty During Dr. Braun's term as leader, the band and Music Director. "Lee" has been a mem­ Band was organized with Elam Jenkins as was able to purchase two new uniforms. The ber of the band since 1957 both as baritone leader. band played many successful engagements player and narrator. He graduated from West On January 7, 1890, a young man, a mem­ such as parades and concerts. One of the best Chester State College, and is presently asso­ ber of the 3rd Brigade Band from its incep­ concerts ever played by the band was played ciated with the music department of Potts­ tion, and just graduated from Boston Con­ under Dr. Braun at Hershey Park, Pa. town Area School District. servatory, returned to the Pa. N.G.P. as a Again in 1942, the band began to feel the The band had a very successful 1975 sum­ Lieutenant. His name, Frederick Gearhard; effects of World War II. Dr. Braun had tore­ mer concert season under "Lee", and the band he was designated as Bandmaster of the 3rd cruit a lot of youthful musicians, who along was overwhelmingly received by applause in Brigade Band of Pottsville, Pennsylvania, Pa. with the older men, would hold the band two parades in Schuylkill Haven, during their N.G.P. When Gearhard became leader, the together until after the war. To help out at Two-hundredth Anniversary Celebration. The baud was again unified with all personnel this time was Tony Tremittere who was band­ band appeared in the two parades on a float re-enlisting in the Guards. master at Minersvllle High School. Tony was designed to represent an old fashioned park l'rom 1890 until 1914, under Lt. Gearhard, instrumental in recruiting many of the band stand. the Band prospered and gained fame young musicians. At this period he was as­ The 1976 season saw the appointment of throughout Pennsylvania, as not only a fine sistant leader. Mr. Nicholas Reading and Mr. Webster Steidle marching band, but also a fine concert band. Following World War II, the band was as associate conductors. Mr. Reading is a General Gobin once said of the band, "The probably at its best. It was at this time one graduate of Mansfield State Teachers' Col­ 3rd Brigade Band is the best band in the of its finest uniforms was purchased ... lege, a music major. Mr. Steidle has been a best National Guard in the best State in the Patterned after the U.S. Army Officer's uni­ principal cornetist with the band for forty­ Union." form. The band also had at this time some four years. July, 1892, the band was in active serv­ of its finest musicianship. ice at the Homestead riots. They attended Dr. Robert Braun died March 7, 1955, after As the U.S. Representative from Penn­ every annual encampment while in the serv­ having conducted the band for 20 years. Dr. sylvania's Sixth Congressional District ice. They went with the troops in March to Braun, incidentally, was the nephew of the and as a resident of this area, I am proud serve in the Spanish-American War, but former leader, Prof. Frederick Gearhard. of the heritage of Pottsville's 3d Bri­ were not sent to the front. Shortly after the death of Dr. Braun, Mr. gade Band. The band is presently plan­ In the year 1881, the 14th day of Septem­ Elmer Evans was elected leader with Webster ber, a petition to the courts of Schuylklll Steidle elected as President, Harry C. Hos­ ning a 3-year celebration from 1979 County was finally granted and the charter tetter, Vice-President, Merlyn Jenkins, Secre­ through 1981. I am calling on the coop­ of a society to be known as "The Pottsvllle tary and George Smith, Treasurer. eration of city, State, and National om­ Musical Association." This was to be the During Mr. Evans term as leader some cials to let this heritage be known backbone for the band for many years to changes in members occurred to improve the throughout this great land of ours. The come. It existed intact into the 1920's, dur­ band. It was the intention of the leader and band will be appearing this summer 1n ing the time when C. P. Hoffman was leader the officers at the time to make every im­ new uniforms and hopefully over the next of the band. The last entry in the minutes provement possible. It was their intent to was February 14, 1921. secure the best musicians possible. 3 years will be bringing nationally known On October 7, 1914, Prof. Frederick Gear­ In the Fall of 1957, Mr. Evans resigned as musicians to Pottsville to join in its hard died. Shortly thereafter, Mr. Joseph conductor and the band was without a leader concerts. Painter was elected to succeed him. He served for about a month. Finally, Mr. John V. Han! Concert bands are part of America's in that capacity from 1914 to 1917. Then, from Shoemakersville (a native of New heritage, ever since Pat Gilmore and with a nucleus from The 3rd Brigade Band, Brunswick, N.J.) accepted the post of con­ he became the leader of a band offered for John Philip Sousa advanced them to such ductor. During Mr. Hanf's term of conduct­ fine institutions. We can all be happy service to the United States Government in ing, a lot of new innovations were added. World War I. This was the first band accepted The band bought a new bass drum, cymbals, that this organization has remained in­ by the War Department as a unit. The Band and a floor tom-tom. He organized and made tact all these years and has proudly pro­ reported at Schenectady, N.Y., but was never special band arrangements for a mixed duced the "Sousa sound." mustered ln. Prof. Painter then entered the chorus, and during this time new summer A. E. F. and held a commission in the Army; uniforms were purchased. John Hanf resigned one of the few musicians that did. as conductor, because of conflicting circum- July, 1917, Charles P. Hoffman became the stances and his work, after serving as con- INDEPENDENCE AND LIDERTY FOR leader of the band and practically reorga­ ductor for thirteen years, effective January 1. LITHUANIA, 1978 nized it because of the fact that the Army 1971. Band had taken away practically one-hal! of Mr. Karl Bowers, C.W.O., U.S.N., Retired, the membership. Up until now, C. P. Hoff­ was contacted near the end of February 1971, HON. MARIO BIAGGI man was a member of the Pottsvllle Musical and agreed to take over ·the band He began Association, and this was a factor which conducting rehearsals March 16, 1971. OF NEW YORK could help the band. Mr. Bowers had a brilliant career as a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES During his time as leader of the band, musician in the Navy. He ended that career Tuesday, February 21, 1978 which is one of the longest on record, Hoff­ with a tour of duty as procurement officer, man helped the band very much. He took the brass wind instructor, and rehearsal con­ Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, I rise today band to many important engagements, such ductor at the Naval School of Music, and fi­ in honor of the 60th anniversary of the as "The Rajah Silver Jubilee" at Philadelphia nally a tour of duty as Assistant Conductor in 1917, Rajah Temple Dedication in 1922. at the U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md. Declaration of Independence of Lithu­ ania. Each year, we in the Congress pause August 27, 1924, was another trip, this time Under Mr. Bowers the band enjoyed almost to Atlantic City. During this period a Giant three years of successful engagements and to pay tribute to the peoples of Lithuania Bass Drum was purchased by the band and hi"' display of professional conducting skill and the other captive nations. It is a was used extensively until after Gov. James' did much to inspire the musicianship of the rather small contribution that we make, Inauguration. members. During this time the band enjoyed however, for as we exercise our freedoms Unknown to both himsel! and the band, many enthusiastic audiences, and both the of speech and assembly in these C. P. Hoffmen was to lead his last concert band and the conductor enjoyed the ap­ Chambers, the oppressed people of the just five days before his death. The band plause. Karl, unfortunately suffered a heart world remain in bondage. played a free concert Friday, January 11, 1935. attack in the fall of 1971, and was finally C. P. Hoffman passed away Wednesday at his forced to tender his resignation shortly be­ The enslavement of Lithuania began home at 518 Mahantango Street, January 16, fore the summer concert season of 1974, much in 1795 when it was annexed by Russia. at 9:00 A.M. from a brain tumor. to the reluctance of the members to which On February 16, 1918, the date which -Not-lang after the death of C. P. -Hoffman, he had endeared himsel!. ------We are commemorating today, the Re- Robert Braun, who in the 1920's had coached For the remainder of the 1974 concert sea- public of Lithuania declared its inde­ the band, assumed the duties of leader. Un­ son, Mr. Webster Steidle, cornetist and asso- pendence. The opportunity to build a free der Dr. Braun the band underwent some elate conductor, was called to conduct the and just society was to be short lived. In changes again. Some older members were re­ band. By the end of 1974 it was necessary to June 1940, the Soviet Army invaded and united with the band and some new members look for a regular conductor, because Mr. gained control of Lithuania. Ever since, were added. The band strength at that time Steidle was urgently needed as principal cor- it has been the victim of severe repres­ was built up to about fifty men. Some of the netist. He had done a wonderful Job all sum- sl·on. Famill'es were disbanded and de­ outstanding engagements played at the time mer, but it was realized that he was desper- were: Gov. Arthur James' Inauguration at atelY needed on first chair cornet. ported to the U.S.S.R. and Eastern 4240 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 2'2, 1978 Europe. Lithuanian industry and labor article. entitled "Let the Sun Shine In," house for 24 hours, in case there is not su.1D• were exploited. Deprivation of basic written by Julia Baldwin and published cient sunlight to make the solar panels ef­ human rights, including religious per­ in the Saturday Macon Telegraph and fective. The second back-up is the electrical lines secution, began in 1940 and continues to News of November 19, 1977: run to the house to heat water in a. special the present hour. LETTING THE SUN SHINE .IN tank that can supply heat for the house "if These courageous people have endured (By Julia Baldwin) I am too lazy to build a fire," said Barnett. pain and suffering for over three dec­ "Do It With The Sun" is the company The solar system should be totally suffi­ ades. The grip of totalitarian ru1e, how­ motto for ALCOT, Inc., an acronym for Ad­ cient, however, as Barnett has studied the ever, continues to threaten their cultural vanced Living Construction Operating Tech­ weather patterns for Kathleen. heritage and individual integrity. niques. Owned by Bill Barne'tt and based By July, 1978, Barnett plans to have in­ Although Soviet techniques of subjuga­ in Kathleen, Ga., the firm's purpose is to stalled in the house a second type of solar build houses cheaper than can be done with system. He is now building parabolic con­ tion have become more sophisticated, the conventional techniques and to then be able centrating collectors which will be installed Lithuanian spirit has never once faltered. to operate those houses cheaper than one alongside the standard solar panels on the The Lithuanian people face imprison­ could conventionally-built houses. roof of the house. These special collectors ment and ostracism for their defiance, To accomplish that object, Bill Barnett will have lines filled with peanut oil running and yet nowhere in the Soviet Union has incorporated some 65 energy-saving tech­ through them and into a. 2,000-gallon under­ today is dissent so well organized and niques into the design of his solar energy ground storage tank. The oil will be heated persistent. homes, this house has 2,427 square feet of to temperatures up to 600 degrees F, run heated and cooled floor space. Barnett has through a. heat exchanger, and used to op­ The most recent example of Lithua­ designed homes incorporating the energy erate a. solar stove, refrigerator, freezer, air nian dissent was the report of rioting efficient measures that are sized from 1,200 conditioner, and clothes dryer. If the peanut in the city of Vilnius on the night of to 2,800 square feet. oil proves to be unsatisfactory, Barnett will October 10, 1977. As thousands of Another objective of ALCOT, Inc. is to use Methanol 66 which, though effective, is spectators left a stadium following the design solar energy homes that do not out­ more expensive. Lithuanian-Russian match, cars were wardly appear any different from conven­ After all these systems are installed, the overturned and pro-Soviet banners torn tional ones. This two-story gray and white remaining power requirements for the house structure is the Old Federal Period design, will be about two kilowatts for lighting and down. The cry of the demonstrators is and only the solar panels on the southern operating small appliances. Barnett plans to one which has been passed down from exposure of the roof reveal the modern con­ eventually use the parabolic collectors to generation to generation, "independence cepts 'this house embodies. generate the power for the remaining re­ and liberty for Lithuania." The plans for this house and others in the quirements and has been testing this proce­ At a time when America is making an series call for it to be approximately square; dure for over a year. Barnett states, however, effort to moralize its foreign policy, we thereby, it can be changed around to fit that he will continue to have electricity run wou1d do well to make a firm and un­ any lot. According to Barnett, the plans in­ to his house to use as a back-up system. corporate the following design parameters: While this particular house features a compromising commitment to our de­ ( 1) Heating and cooling of the house is ac­ combination of the surface bonding over termined brothers. The results of our complished totally by a. hydronic system­ concrete blocks and clapboard siding, Bar­ present stand on human rights will not that is, running hot or cold water through nett can design a house in a variety of styles. be measured by the number of speeches pipes in the house. The solar panels create The design complies with the requirement delivered, but instead by our ability to heat to warm the water for winter, while a by the Housing and Urban Development Au­ advance the cause of freedom in the highly-efficient electric water chiller cools thority (HOD) that a. house have 10 percent captive nations. the water for summer. of its living space in windows. Barnett, how­ (2) Waste disposal is handled by the Clivus ever, has these windows facing north and Sixty years ago the Lithuanian people Mul trum Organic Waste Treatment System, south, not east and west, to make heating expressed the same desire embodied a self-contained system no water, depending and cooling more efficient. within our own Declaration of Inde­ on the natural decomposition of organic The roof of the house is pitched to ex­ pendence. How long will they be denied materials. Not only does this reduce a home­ pose more of it to the north thereby reduc­ the opportunity which we have been owner's water bill by one-half (on the aver­ ing the cooling load by 10 percent. This blessed to enjoy for more than two cen­ age) , but the use of this system enables maneuver also provides the correct angle for turies? How long will they remain in ALCOT to build its houses on lots that do the solar panels on the south side of the not have city sewage and are not suitable roof. bondage? How long will they be forced for septic tanks. Both kitchen garbage and to endure such unprecedented abuse? The overhang of the roof is mathematically bathroom wastes go into the system. calculated to allow no direct sunlight in the Mr. Speaker, let us reaffirm our sup­ (3) Air convection through the Clivus house on the south side after April15 of each port of the Lithuanian people and any Multrum system creates an air exchange year, but does allow the sunlight to filter in people whose desire for freedom is throughout a. house to keep the air fresh at after the first of October to help heat the threatened by an imposing power. all times. house. (4) The house is constructed on a con­ crete pad. Specially insulated concrete The foyer of the house can be closed off blocks were then stacked and covered with with doors leading to other areas; this is surface bonding, a. mixture of cement and done to help control heating and cooling LETriNG THE SUN SHINE IN fiberglass. Properly insulated and installed, losses. The fireplace has a. glass screen to pre­ vent a draft from taking the warm air up these construction materials are stronger the chimney. and provide more waterproofing and sound­ HON. JACK BRINKLEY proofing at a. cheaper cost than conventional A greenhouse adjacent to the rear of the OF GEORGIA materials, according to Barnett. house is entered through sliding glass doors IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES At this point Barnett still u~es some elec­ in the living area. The Barnetts plan to have tricity, but a. greatly reduced amount than decorative plants growing there as wen as Wednesday, February 22, 1978 that required by a. conventional house. His vegetables grown hydroponically. Water for Mr. BRINKLEY. Mr. Speaker, it is total heating load is 17,000 B.T.U.'s per hour, the vegetable troughs will be provided by while a conventional house would require waste water from the kitchen sink and dish­ indeed a pleasure to bring to the atten­ washer and the bathroom sinks and tubs. A tion of this distinguished House the laud­ 50,000 to 60.000 B.T.U.s per hour. He main­ tains that his house can be cooled with one special Trickle Filter removes lint from the able efforts of a man from my own Third ton of air conditioning, while it would take water before it goes to the greenhouse. District in Georgia whose work in build­ four to five tons for the same size house The first floor of the house contains a. ing energy self-sufficient homes is mak­ built with standard techniques. foyer, Barnett's office, a. great room, kitchen ing great strides. Mr. Billy J. Barnett of The house in Kathleen has 10 solar panels and bath. The attractive stone fireplace is Kathleen, Ga., president of Advanced (ALCOT includes their purchase cost and the focal point of the entire first floor. The Living and Construction Ooerating installation in the cost of their houses) . design of the interior can be varied to suit Techniques. which is based in Kathleen, Barnett says he will recover the difference the needs of the owner, Barnett pointed out. has taken the initiative of making these in the cost of a. conventional system and his A patented system provides the most even homes available to the general public. If solar system within one year due to the dif­ heating and cooling available, Barnett this country is to ever become totallv ference in operating costs. stated. Coils are installed throughout the Incorporated in the design of the bouse house and are attractively covered to blend self-reliant on its own energy sources, it are two separate back-up units for providing with the decor. The size of the coils varies will be through the efforts of individuals heating and hot water. One is the fireplace as to the size of the room. The natural flow such as Mr. Barnett. which when lighted heats a. grate through of air from the floor over the coils and across I congratu1ate Mr. Barnett and invite which water flows. Two hours of fire will the ceiling and back down to the floor elimi­ each Member to review this interesting supply enough warm water to heat the nates cold floors. Residents of the house are _ Fef!_~f!TY 2:2, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4241 then more likely to keep the thermostat tains. There are approximately 30,000 solar On January 28, Washington endorsed Du­ turned down, said Barnett. houses in the U.S.A. now and he expects an­ portail's plan and recommended to Congress The cooling system removes heat from the other 30,000 to be built next year. "I am that an engineering department be orga­ air by running cold water through the coils. convinced that solar energy is the answer nized. This was done by a Resolution of Con­ The system automatically provides dehumid­ to the energy crisis and shortage," Barnett gre~s on May 27, 1778, as part of a general ification: moisture in the air condenses on concluded. organization plan for the army. The en­ the coils, drips into pans and runs down gineering department was established with through pipes under the house. Also, the three companies, each to contain 1 captain, system provides automatic air purification: NATIONAL ENGINEERS WEEK­ 3 lieutenants and 68 enlisted men, with the c11rt in the air collects on the water mole­ FEBRUARY 19-25, 1978 requirement that "These comoanies to be cules and is washed out of the house. instructed in the fabrication of field works. Barnett pointed out that many of these . . . The commissioned officers to the sk1lled systems are not new. They have been in op­ in the necessary branches of mathematicks". eration tn other places tor a number of years, HON. HERBERT E. HARRIS II OF VmGINIA Washington readily complied with the res­ but they are new to this area.. olution, stating in the General Orders Is­ Another simple but effective energy saver tN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sued at Valley Forge on June 9 that: was to design the master bedroom (on the second floor) with closets on the outside Wednesday, February 22, 1978 "Three Captains and nine Lieutenants are walls, which act as additional insulation. Mr. wanted to officer the Companies of Sappers: HARRIS. Mr. Speaker, this week As this Corps will be a school of Engineer­ In addition to the master bedroom, this marks the 200th anniversary of the be­ house has two other bedrooms and a bath ing it opens 11 Prospect to such Gentlemen on the second floor. Again, this floor plan ginning of formal education in engineer­ as enter it a.nd will pursue the necessary can vary according to the needs of the rest­ ing. America's engineers must be com­ studies with diligence, of becoming En­ dents. mended not only for the contributions gineers and rising to the Important Employ­ The interior walls of the house are the they have made in the building of our ments attached to that Profession as the surface bonc11ng material applled over the Nation, but also for the important role direction of Fortified Places &c. The Qualift­ Insulated concrete blocks. The material was they play in our day-to-day living. C3tions required of the Canditates are that given a smooth finish which looks Uke they be Natives and have a knowledge of sheetrock and can be painted, paneled, or I would like to take this opportunity the Mathem::~.ticks and drawing, or at least wallpapered. to share an article written by Dr. Law­ be disposed to apply themselves to those A native of Warner Robins and a graduate rence P. Grayson of the National Insti­ studies. They will give in their Names at ot Warner Robi.!lS High School, Barnett tute of Education. D!". Grayson received Head -Quarters." served in the navy, attended Georgia Tech, his engineering training at Fort Belvoir, The need and sentiment for educating en­ worked at Robins Air Force Base, and then Va., a military installation in my dis­ gineers in the United States was clearly moved to Connecticut tor about 20 years. trict. present at thts time, although almost a quar­ ter of a century would pass before a formal His work background is in engineering; he GEORGE WASHINGTON'S ORDER OF JUNE 9, 1778 did the engineering work on a gyroscope school of engineering would be established. work space in 1960 and wrote the specifica­ AND THE ORIGINS OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION In the winter of 1778, General Knox, while tions tor the Air Force's "clean rooms." (By Dr. Lawrence P. Grayson) camped at Pluckemin, N.J., established "an Barnett's wife, Joan. is from Connecticut. Prior to the time of Amenca's declared in­ academy where lectures are read in tactics She has had a lot of input into the design dependence, there was little need for a school and gunnery". For the decade following the and construction of their house. In addition of engineerin!,; in the colonies. The military end of the war in 1783, numerous people, in­ to refinishing old pieces of furniture, Joan requirements that existed, such as those dur­ cluding Washington, Hamilton, Randolph, enjoys collecting 18th century American art. ing the French and Indian War, were met by Knox, Duportail, Baron von Steuben, The Barnett's house meets the specifica­ engineers educated in England who served L'Enfant, Benjamin Lincoln and Timothy tions of the Southern Building Code and in the British army or by colonists who Pickering, both of whom served as Secretary compiles with the FHA Minimum Property served under them. The engineering needs of War, and numerous others, stressed the Standards. It also compiles with the provi­ of a civilian nature, which were reflective need for officers trained in en~ineering and sions of a national code tor solar systems primarily of hand-craft technology, were met the need to establish a military academy. that will be issued within the next few largely by ingenious or industrious men who George Washington, in his Presidential months. were self-educated. With the beginning of message of October 25, 1791, advocated the The State Public Health Code does not at war, however, America's require.ment for establishment of a military academy, which present approve the Cllvus Multrum system. qualified engineers became critical. actually commenced at West Point in 1794. Barnett received special permission, how­ Shortly after assuming command of the The academy, in which much of the instruc­ ever, from the State Health Department to continental forces on June 15, 1775, George tion was de·1oted to fortifications, continued install the system in this house. Noting that Washington advised Congress that the army until April 1796, when a fire destroyed the a number of these systems are in operation labored under numerous disadvantages, in­ barracks. On March 16, 1802, an Act of Con­ in other sections ot the U.S.A. and in other cluding "a Want of Engineers t:o construct gress stationed the Corps of Engineers at countries, Barnett hopes to have require­ proper Works and direct the Men". He con­ West Point to constitute the Military Acad­ ments changed to allow the Clivus Multrum tinued "I can hardly express the Disappoint­ emy, which has continued to the present System in Georgia. ment I have experienced on this Subject; the day. The engineers and cadets at the Acad­ The Solar Division of the Federal Energy skill of those we have being very imperfect." emy were made available for such duty and Office and HUD are currently sollciting grant Washington's concern, which he voiced on service as the President of the United States requests for a total solar community. Bar­ numerous occasions over the next few years, might direct, thus allowing them to perform nett pl·ans to submit a request and plans was shared by many other colonial leaders, works of a public as well as a military nature. to build the first total solar community in including John Adams and Henry Knox. This availability wa-; in keeping with the Houston County. Such a community would The lack of a sufficient number of engi­ sentiment expressed in 1800 by James Mc­ be comprised of about 50 houses, a com­ neers in the army persisted throughout the Henry, the Secretary of W~r. that "We must munity clubhouse, recreation center, and a Revolutionary War, and almost all of those not conclude that service of the engineer central power plant with a basic monthly who served as engineering officers were of is limited to constructing fortifications. This charge to residents for their ut111ties. foreign birth and education. It was recog­ is but a sin~Zle branch of the profe"-sion; their Barnett will sell his designs to other build­ nized that most of these men would return utility extends to almost every deoartment ers and provide the solar systems and Clivus to their native countries when the war ended. of war; besides embracing whatever respects Multrum systems as well as his expertise in America required engineers, not only for the oublic buildin,!<'s, road!', bridges. canals and installing them. He is convinced that he immediate military needs, but also to meet all such works of a ci7il nature". can build one of his designs on the owner's the future requirements of a civilian popu­ The Military Academy as originally estab­ lot at $22 a square foot and reallze a profit. lation when the nation would be independ­ lished was loosely organized. operated on Barnett noted that although most people ent and developing. These were the condi­ meager resources, and had no definite or con­ think a solar energy home is more expensive tions and sentiments of the times when the sistent system of instruction. examination or to construct, it can actually be built for less army established winter quarters at Valley len~h of study. It was only as a result of than a conventional one, if properly de­ Forge, on December 20, 1777. the aopointment of Sylv·anus Thaver at the signed "from the ground up as are the Shortly after encamping, Brigadier General time a caotain in the Corns of Enl!ineers, as ALCOT houses," he added. While Barnett is Louis Duportail, a French volunteer who w~s Suoerintendent in 1817 that the ac8.demy de­ financing this house himself, he has a verbal serving as chief of engineers, drew up a veloped. Following a trio to France to study commitment from a financial institution in plan for the establishment of an engineering its educational system, Thayer arranged the Houston County that they will finance any corp3 as a permanent part of the Continental cadets into four annual clasc::es, divided the others. army. His plan dated January 18, 1978, classes into sections requiring weekly re­ A house ot his design, incorporating all of called for the formation of enlisted men into ports, develooed a scale of marking, at­ the energy-saving techniques, can be oper­ companies of sappers he3.ded by officers, and tached weights to the subjects in the cur­ ated at a maximum monthly cost of $35 proposed that the companies might serve riculum necessary for graduation, instituted for water and electricity, Barnett main- as a school of .apprenticeship for the men. a system of discipline and an honor code, CXXIV~67-Pari 4 4242 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 2·2, 1978 ana set a. standard of high achievement. zens toward the preservation and improve­ the nation. The conservative's recognition of These characteristics have remained with the ment of a Free Society. economic realities usually is expressed by academy until the present time, and formed THE LIBERAL PHENOMENON reaction-reaction to the liberal recognition of actual demands by the people for action. the pattern for technical education in Since the Depression of the 30's, more and America. Those who see the dangers simply fail to more Americans have turned to government communicate them to the people. They fail to On April 29, 1812, a Congressional Act set regulation and government spending to help further provisions for the Military Academy, put in personal and relevant terms the al­ them with their economic system. Those who ternative to the demand for government to including establishing the position of "pro­ have responded to this trend, and who have fessor of the art of engineering in all its provide solutions. That alternative is clear: advocated a greater role for government in it is a private enterprise approach to solving branches". One of the most influential per­ dealing with the individual problems peo­ sons to occupy the position was Dennis Hart the frustrations and complaints Americans ple attribute to the economy, have been have about economic problems. Mahan, who was appointed in 1832. His dubbed "liberals." Much of the successful pioneering efforts in the preparation of text­ While public opinion continues to favor economic progress the nation has enjoyed government regulation to relieve economic books on engineering subjects did much to since the Depression, and particularly since break this country's dependence on the problems, it does so only because the con­ World War II, has been credited to the lib· servative has offered no viable and appeal­ translation and republication of European eral philosophy and the role government has works. ing alternative beyond reaction. Conserva­ played m our economic system. tives are viewed as defensive, and unable to Alden Partridge, who was the first person Programs undertaken in the name of lib­ to hold the title of professor of engineering understand the "real" problems, such as the eralism have had a significant part in re­ impact of inflation. unemployment, and in­ in the United States and served as acting storing and maintaining the confidence of Superintendent at West Point, resigned from equities in the tax system. the Amertcan people in their economic sys­ Yet, at a time when more individuals con­ the army in 1818 and established the Ameri­ tem. Because of the apparent success of this can Literary, Scientific and Military Academy sider themselves to be "conservative", and movement and the confidence it has gener­ the fewest since the 40's consider themselves at Norwich, Vermont. This institution, which ated. Americans have generally entrusted later became Norwich University, was the "liberal", there is no question that the Ameri­ their national government to these modern can people could embrace an approach other first civilian school of engineering in the liberals. country. In 1824, the Rensselaer School was than more government involvement to solve established and eleven years later granted Until recent years, little thought has been the problems they see in their economic sys­ the degree of civil engineer for the first time given to the possib1lity that national eco­ tem. in America and Great Britain. nomic progress may not have been due to THE EFFECTIVE APPROACH: THE NATIONAL From these initial acts, engineering edu­ the active role of government but instead DIVIDEND to the inherent strength and productivity of cation in the United States has grown until It is apparent that those who embrace today there are almost 295,000 graduate and American business. In short, success has come not because of, but in spite of, govern­ the liberal philosophy are reading accurately undergraduate students studying engineer­ the public's present allegiance to govern­ ing on a full-time basis, and an additional mental intervention. Now, for the first time ment as a problem-solver. It also is appar­ 47,000 students studying part-time, at 289 in four decades, the need to seriously reeval­ ent that those who have won and continue institutions of engineering. In addition. uate the role of government in the economic to hold political office by responding to this there are some 58,000 full-time students and system is clearly apparent. The long period allegiance do not realize that, paradoxically, almost 20,000 students studying part-time at of economic progress and affiuence follow­ the American public wants no major change 119 institutions that offer programs in engi­ ing World War II has created expectations or structural modification in our basic eco­ neering technology. beyond the system's present ability to ful­ nomic system, nor any reduction in personal As a single event, George Washington's fill. Coupled with this has been a propor­ economic freedom and opportunity. Today, call for a school of engineering is but a minor tionate increase in economic illiteracy and more than 40% of our adult population footnote in history. Taken, however, in a basic public misunderstanding of the Amer­ consider themselves as "conservative," and larger context as part of a continuing series ican business system. As a result, over­ more than half view their economic system of events, it is an act by the Commanding emphasis on non-economic issues and prob­ in terms of personal freedoms and opportu­ General of the Continental Army and future lems and increased governmental interven­ nity. Although Americans look to govern­ first President of the United States, recog­ tion have produced serious distortions which ment for solutions, national surveys clearly nizing the importance of engineering educa­ now threaten the viability of the entire na­ reflect that a great majority see government tion to meet the needs of an independent and tional economy. regulation as a temporary application to a sovereign nation. The celebration of the Yet, in spite of their frustrations and com­ specific problem. They do not accept the 200th anniversary of the call, scheduled for plaints with their economic system, Ameri­ idea of permanent government intervention June 9, 1978, at Valley Forge, will be formal cans continue to look to government for and involvement in the economic process-­ testimony by the engineering profession to solutions. Today, one-and-a-half times as even though almost every case of govern­ the foresight of George Washington and a many people think there is not enough reg­ ment intervention in the marketplace be­ reaffirmation of the continuing importance ulation of the economic system as believe comes permanent. of engineering education to the future of there is too much. For these reasons, a great Americans seem to be saying: "We like our America. mass of the electorate seem to embrace the system because it gives us freedom and op­ philosophy of "liberalism" and elect those portunity. But it's not working right these who want further intervention of government days . . . The system is basically good. It NATIONAL DIVIDEND PLAN in the market-place. The liberal response is, should be made to work again." Yet, so long therefore, an accurate reflection of the de­ as those who recognize the threat of further mands those in the poll tical arena believe government control to the economy fail to HON. NEWTON I. STEERS, JR. the American public is making. get their message across to the people, there THE CONSERVATIVE REACTION seems little chance a "private" solution will OF MARYLAND be forthcoming to the frustration and ap­ Great civilizatio.ns generally have faltered IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES prehensions Americans attribute to their and finally collapsed as they ran out of economic system. Wednesday, February 22, 1978 money. This usually comes when the people Knowledge tends to come from personal finally demand of government too much of experience. When this personal experience Mr. STEERS. Mr. Speaker, I would what government cannot produce: Wealth. involves economic self-interest, it is educa­ When government responds and seeks to like to commend to each Member of the tive. Therefore, if the conservative, the non­ House the following analysis written by control more and more economic activity to liberal, desires to mobilize the essentially my good friend John Perry. Mr. Perry meet those demands, individual initiative conservative instincts of the American pub­ and the incentive of the people are smoth­ lic and provide a. non-governmental ap­ shows great insight in his discussion ered. Continued government control and eco­ about the great economic and political proach to solving individual economic prob­ nomic stimulation beyond the system's abil­ lems created by the system, he must do two problems facing our burgeoning and ity to respond invariably produces inflation, things. First, he must be willing to recognize increasingly complex government. He unemployment and other serious social and the passive role Americans cast for them­ also discusses with great clarity the rea­ economic problems. These create additional selves in relation to the economy, and the sons why our Nation should consider im­ demands for government benefits and con­ fragmentary economic understanding most plementing the national dividend plan. trol, further compounding deficit-spending of them have of the business system. Sec­ patterns. PERSPECTIVE ond, he must be willing ·to actively involve Eventually, concerned individuals, sup­ the public through economic self-interest in (By John H. Perry, Jr.) ported by the evidence of history, warn of that system before he can hope to have the An Analysis of the Current Opposing Po­ impending economic chaos. Yet, these in­ average American turn away from govern­ litical Philosophies: Why the liberal view­ dividuals, these conservatives, fail to realize ment and towards a free enternrise-oriented point has so successfully outbid the con­ that in the broad base of any democratic so­ economy for solutions to problems people servative-What the consequences of this ciety, warnings in the language of economics perceive. movement are likley to be and how it is pos­ are not understood by most people. There­ The National Dividend Plan has been de­ sible to redirect the enthusiasm of our citi- fore, they mean nothing to _the majority of veloped to meet this challenge. Through a February 22, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4248 process of national prt>fit-sharing, NDP of­ forces us to try to answer the question 'where A CASE FOR THE NEUTRON BOMB fers a "private" alternative to government are we really going as a nation?' "-Bert as a provider of solutions. Through rechan­ Lance, Georgia State University, February 24, neling the present Federal corporate income 1976. HON. LARRY McDONALD tax collections directly to the individual, "The National Dividend Plan-a blueprint OF GEORGIA NDP seeks to visibly involve the electurate for the central problems of today ..." ­ in the economic process. Through economic Robert F. Hurleigh, Commentator, Mutual IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES self-interest, NDP is educative. Through the Broadcasting System, July 21 , 1976. Wednesday, February 22, 1978 utilization of corporate earnings, NDP is ". . . I obviously support the thrust of non-governmental. Through the utilization your efforts--to limit the growth in govern­ Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, the of private banking systems, NDP is nbn­ ment and to give our people a clearer iden­ loudest noises against the neutron bomb bureaucratic. Being progressive in nature, tification with the free enterprise system."­ are coming from the direction of Moscow. the National Dividend Plan addresses, in William E. Simon, Washington, D.C., August However, as is usual in such cases, some non-government terms, the egalitarian im­ 10, 1976. well-meaning Americans and some not so pulses found in a democratic society. In es­ "A national dividend program would pro­ well-meaning Americans have joined the sence, it is a program designed to "sell" the vide incentives for employees of all corpora­ Americam business system through "partici­ campaign against the neutron bomb. tions to increase their productivity, because Recently, a Mr. George G. Harman of pation," by providing, through the private if they made their companies more profl t­ sector, solutions to many bf the problems able, those companies would pay more taxes Laytonsville, Md., wrote a letter to the bothering Americans about their economy. and the employees would then have a chance editor of the Washington Star in favor of Clearly, the most compelling challenge to to garner even more for themselves in a larger the neutron bomb, that was published on the business community today, and to those payment."-John Connally, Dallas Morning Sunday, February 5, 1978. He argued the individuals who consider themselves "con­ News, August 23, 1975. case very effectively and, therefore, I servative", those concerned about the dam­ ABOUT THE AUTHOR would like to call his letter to the atten­ aging role government now is playing in the tion of my colleagues. The letter follows: economy, (as well as those who consider At 60, John H. Perry, Jr.'s activities span themselves "liberal", who genuinely are con­ a wide range: Newspaper publishing and The Soviet Union has recently launched an cerned about unmet human needs,) is to printing technology, oceanographic and unpredecented propaganda campaign to pre­ improve the average citizen's understand­ energy research, cable television and eco­ vent the United States from producing the ing of how the private enterprise system op­ nomic research. The president of several so-called neutron bomb and deploying it in erates, and also, to make the system work companies and two foundations, he is ac­ Europe. Brezhnev and Gromyko have both better for more people. Clearly, government knowledged as a leader in the development called this weapon barbarous and inhuman is not in a position-and perhaps never will of commercial submarines and ocean habi­ and threatened to develop one of their own be-to adequately do this job. If business tats. Mr. Perry's thoughts on economic sys­ if we deploy it. This must be interpreted as and those individuals concerned about the tems led to the development of the National an admission of their intent to conquer Eu­ future of our economic system and our indi­ Dividend Plan, first unveiled in 1964 in his rope in the near future, otherwise it would vidual freedoms do not respond to the ch!l.l­ book, The National Dividend. Mr. Perry serves not be a threat to them. lenge, the United States may end up with as president of the National Dividend No one in his right mind, and certainly a system its p·eople do not want-one that Foundation, Inc. not t he Russians, could possibly think that is neither free nor prosperous. NATIONAL DIVIDEND PLAN IN BRIEF NATO is going to use that bomb to invade Eastern Europe. NATO is too weak and disor­ Is NDP a strategy to get the job done? Yes, The National Dividend Plan sets forth a ganized. The East bloc has a 2 to 1 or 3 to 1 but perhaps just as important, NDP pro­ program of national profit sharing whereby superiority in manpower, tanks and all other vides a way for America to restructure finan­ those funds earned by the nation's corpora­ warmaking capability. Also, the Soviets well cial problems on a "pay-as-we-earn" basis tions and paid in Federal corporate income kno ;v our purely defensive intentions, since so as to restore confidence in our monetary taxes would be designated as a National they have long penetrated NATO security system. This erosion of faith in our dollar is Dividend. Such a dividend would be admin­ (e.g., the recent West German spy cases). at the root of many of our social, economic istered by the states and distributed through Therefore, the only conclusion one can reach a.nd political problems. As a nation, we seem local banking systems to each registered vot­ is that t he Soviets are afraid t hat the neu­ to have forgotten that to pay for our social er on a per capita basis. All dividends would tron bomb will stop or alter an already progress, we must first earn the dollar. be tax free and the level of corporate income planned aggression. And only people, business and the private tax would be capped at 50%. To fund the Na­ The neutron bomb is frightening only t< · sector can earn that dbllar. tional Dividend from economic growth and troops, since civilians either flee battle areas to avoid the need for new or increased taxes, NDP AND "STATUTORY RACHETING" or go underground for protection. In such the Plan calls for a moratorium on the im­ positions, they would be largely shielded After attending a recent seminar on the plementation of any new major Federal National Dividend Plan at the Harv·ard Busi­ from the radiation, and later, after the battle, spending programs during a five-year phase­ could return to their undamaged homes. No ness School, Ernest Christian, Jr., Former in of NDP. The National Dividend is esti­ Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Treasury radioactive fallout would plague them. mated to reach approximately $750 per reg­ This weapon is certainly no more inhu­ for Tax Policy, suggested adding a provision istered voter upon full ·implementation of mane than conventional cannon or bombs to the NDP that could halt further deficit the Plan. (e.g., the fire bombing of Dresden in World spending and effectively check intlation. It ABOUT THE FOUNDATION War I) and infinitely more humane than would require that any Federal deficit be de­ The National Dividend Foundation, Inc., fission or fusion bombs that completely de­ ducted from the annual National Dividend is a non-profit, educational organization de­ stroy vast areas and then sterilize them and before it is distributed to the nation's regis­ voted to the study, research and analysis of surrounding areas with radioactive fallout. tered voters. Thus, for example, if the Na­ proposals which would affect the American The neutron bomb is less barbarous than tional Dividend in a given year totaled $60 economic system, federal tax law and the poison gas, already deployed by the Rus­ billion and there was a budget deficit of $50 role of government in society. A pttincipal sians, since gas will kill innocent civilians in project of the Foundation is the National billion, only $10 billion could be distribut~d basements, subways or wherever they may Dividend Plan, which is designed to revital­ be hiding. to the voters. Obviously, pressure for a bal­ ize American enterprise by encouraging par­ anced budget would be so great the Congress The entire purpose of the neutron bomb ticipation in, understanding of and support is to blunt a massive, overwlielming surprise would not dare permit a deficit. In tax pol­ for a private, competitive economic system. A icy jargon this is known as "statutory rachet­ attack on NATO forces without significantly function of the Foundation has been to pro­ destroying cities and their civilian popula­ ing." Most economists agree that if deficit duce detailed analyses of proposals such as tions. If the Russians are really morally in­ spending were eliminated we then would be the National Dividend Plan and alternatives dignant over this weapon, then we have a in a better position to keep a check-rein thereto, and to make these analyses available unique opportunity to test their true inten­ on inflation. to the public. tions. We can use it to bargain for the se­ COMMENTS ABOUT THE NATIONAL DIVIDEND The Foundation is classified as a Section curity of Europe. If the USSR will agree to PLAN 501(c) (3) organization '!onder the Internal reduce its forces to approximately the level "This gigantic profit-sharing plan would Revenue Code of 1954, as amended. It is fur­ of NATO forces (a purely defensive posture) reinforce a sense of tangible participation in ther classified as a "private operating" and remove its poison gas weaponry, then Foundation. Individuals, corporations, com­ the economic system. One person, one vote, we will not deploy the neutron bomb. panies, associations and foundations are If they refuse this honest peace gesture, one dividend."-Michael Novak, Washington eligible to support the work of the Founda­ then let us produce and deploy it with all Star, November 3, 1976. tion through tax-deductible gifts. Your in­ haste, for they obviously plan to use the " ... The great impact of (NDP) is, first of terest and participation in the work of the huge army they have built at such great all, that it causes us to think about where we National Dividend Foundation, Inc., is in­ cost. Do not let Brezhnev finesse us out of it! are, it causes us to take into consideration vited and your inquiry for further informa­ GEORGE C. HARMAN, where we have been and more importantly, it tion is welcome. Laytonsville, Md. 4244 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 2 ~2, 1978 AN IDEA WHOSE TIME HAS COME bracket with no increase in real income. Unfortunately, it does not sit well with He suggests indexation of the tax rates reality. As the past few years have demon­ which would protect the American tax­ strated vividly, inflation has an independent HON. STEVEN D. SYMMS momentum. Through powerful unions, oli­ payer from inflation-induced tax gopolistic companies, government fiat and OF IDAHO increases. social custom-the idea that everybody IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The idea of indexation is receiving should stay "even"-inflation gets perpetu­ Wednesday, February 22, 1978 more attention. I am entering into the ated, checked only feebly by weak con­ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD an informative straints. Mr. SYMMS. Mr. Speaker, Americans piece by Robert J. Samuelson entitled In this climate, the "automatic stabilizer" are becoming more and more concerned "Indexation: An Idea Whose Time Has simply puts the economy on its backside-or with the increasing tax burden. Come." This article, which appeared in threatens to do so-with a mild impact on The Carter administration has added inflation. There is then a rush to pass a tax the National Journal and was then re­ cut to revive the economy. to this concern and to the increasing tax printed in the Washington Post (Janu­ The outlook !or 1978 illustrates the risks. burden on the American people. The ary 31, 1978), presents a concise discus­ Many economists worry that the economy taxes proposed in the energy bill will add sion of this important idea. may slow down in the second half of the year, a burden to everyone who drives a car The article follows: in part because the rising tax bite will curb or heats a home. The tremendous boost INDEXATION : AN IDEA WHOSE TIME HAs COME consumer spending. But the administration doesn't think it can possibly get its tax cut in social security taxes will take more (By Robert J . Samuelson) money out of the pockets of the tax­ passed before Oct. 1. So Carter's economists payers and will add to the tax burden of Tax indexation is an idea whose times has are forced to bite their nails and hope that come-and this year is going to prove it. the timing turns out right. everyone, directly and indirectly. Finally, Though indexation sounds complicated, it A final defect of the existing anarchic ap­ the increased Government spending will actually is simple. It means that the govern­ proach is that it constitutes a cruel and un­ fuel the fires of inflation and further re­ ment automatically corrects the income tax usual punishment of congressmen. This, of duce the amount of money the taxpayer system to prevent inflation from kicking tax­ course, contradicts the conventional wisdom has to spend. payers into higher and higher brackets. As­ that politicians like nothing better than Bob Ferguson of the staff of the House sume, for example, that inflation raises a approving tax cuts and then basking in the family's income 10 percent. It goes into a ensuing public approval. Many congressmen Republican Study Committee, has put higher tax bracket, and its tax rate increases together a very informative fact sheet may have once embraced this simple logic, even though its "real" income hasn't. With­ but, by now, a more complicated reality is entitled, "The Tax Burden." He does a out indexation, Congress must pass a major forcefully asserting itself. thorough analysis-supplemented by tax "cut" every few years to prevent this in­ That reality is that Congress stirs up as charts-revealing how the social security visible tax increase. much grief as gratitude when it acts on a tax increases, the proposed energy taxes, That's precisely what has been happening. major tax bill. Every interest group that feels and inflation will oppress the hard­ Assuming a tax package passes in 1978, Con­ entitled to some new tax break, or simply working taxpayer. He points out a gress will have approved major tax reduction wants to protect an existing benefit, makes a frightening result: bills in three of the past four years. So long pilgrimage to Capitol Hill. Any congressman as inflation persists at a 5 percent to 6 per­ is bound to disappoint some of these peti­ Under the Democratic game plan of try­ cent annual rate, the cycle will continue. tioners. And the more big tax bills there are, ing to balance t he budget by increasing per­ The defects of this system are now becom­ the greater the opportunity for offense. sonal taxes instead of decreasing expendi­ ing increasingly clear. Moreover, on the other side of the political tures, the American taxpayers will suffer a Most important, it's fundamentally dis­ ledger, public gratitude !or tax reductions is severe reduction in their standard of living. honest. It confuses the average citizen and, increasingly tempered by the realization that Something must be done to head off this indeed, possibly the average congressman. It they largely represent a holding action eventuality and its negative consequences. puts the nation's highest officials, starting against inflation. The political arithmetic of with the president, in the foolish and ulti­ this process is not especially favorable. The Mr. Ferguson points out that the mately self-defeating position of pushing President's proposed tax cut is actually more the cycle of phantom tax cuts occurs, half-truths on the public. They promise tax the worse the arithmetic will become. Ulti­ less than the total burden which would reductions, but in the main, all they are do­ mately, Congress is bound to search for an be added by the energy and social se­ ing is repealing automatic tax increases. exit. curity taxes and "it leaves untouched the Average taxes, as a percentage of personal Indexation would minimize its problems. massive increases due to inflation's effect income, are declining largely against what Although adjusting corporate and business on the progressive structure of the in­ they would have been, not what they were. taxes for inflation is difficult, the necessary come tax system." He demonstrates that Even if President Carter's program passes as alterations for the personal tax present no proposed the average tax level is estimated insuperable technical problems. Tax rates, in order to reduce the 1979 tax burden to be higher in 1979 than in seven out of the to the 1978 level, a tax reduction of $31 deductions, exemptions and credits can auto­ past 10 years, as the following table indicates. rna tically be changed to reflect inflation. billion would be needed, rather than the It shows federal income taxes as a percentage Indexation wouldn't-and shouldn't-ex­ $17 billion reduction of personal income of personal income since 1969 : empt Congress from the necessity of chang­ taxes proposed by President Carter. An Percent ing the tax laws. There are fundamental po­ effort to reduce the 1979 tax level to the 1969 ------11 .6 litical and social problems that will not con­ 1977 level would take a $53 billion tax 1970 ------10.5 veniently vanish. As Social Security taxes rise cut. 1971 ------9.9 (reflecting the program's higher costs), We need to relieve our citizens from 1972 ------9.9 should Congress let the total federal tax bite 1973 ------10.3 increase, or should it cut some existing spend­ oppressive taxes, not add more taxes. We 1974 ------10.7 ing? Should the tax system be used more ag­ need a major reform of our tax system to 1975 ------9.9 gressively to promote income redistribution ease the tax burden. Unfortunately, the 1976 ------10.2 or, on the other hand, investment? Carter administration is blind to such 1977 ------10.1 Regardless of what it does, Congress will an economic policy. 1978 ------(est.) 10.3 have a difficult time permanently evading Mr. Ferguson has put together an ef­ 1979 ------(est.) 10.5 these issues. But, already overburdened by fective document. This very useful fact Bombarded from Washington with propa­ complicated problems that it only dimly sheet can be obtained from the Republi­ ganda about the beneficence of tax cuts and understands, it does not need to create added confronted with a largely static bill, the aver­ uncertainties by having to fiddle with tax can study committee. age taxpayer sooner or later is bound to re­ rates every 18 months. I would also like to commend to my act in anger and disillusionment. colleagues a study of the problem of in­ A second flaw of the current system is that flation and the growing tax burden on it hampers economic policy and increases the Americans. The study, by Dr. Donald J. likelihood of an economic downturn or re­ PERSONAL EXPLANATION Senese, is entitled "Indexing the Infla­ cession. In the days when infl.a tion crept tionary Impact of Taxes: The Necessary along at an annual rate of 1 percent to 3 Economic Reform" and has been recent­ percent, the dynamics of the income tax sys­ HON. LARRY McDONALD tem were thought to represent a helpful OF GEORGIA ly published by the Heritage Foundation. "automatic stabilizer." I! inflation increased, Dr. Senese points out that despite pay incomes would rise and, consequently, so IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES increases, the taxpayer can never get would the tax bite. That would reduce con­ Wednesday, February 22, 1978 ahead of inflationary pressure and loses sumer spending, the economy would slow, ground financially as an unindexed tax and inflationary pressures would abate. This Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, during system pushes him into a higher tax was a comforting notion. the past 2 weeks I was involved in a legal February 2'2, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4245 case in Atlanta, Ga., which prevented Fort George G. Meade. The Garrison would be On this emergency project, Coca-Cola me from being present for various votes. reduced to minimum essential to support spent $86,000. That does not include vol­ If I had been present, I would have voted Active Component (AC) and RC units. The Medical Clinic and Communications Detach­ unteer hours donated by truck drivers as follows: ment would be disestablished. The Readiness from the Baltimore area and the exten­ Roll No. 42, no; roll No. 43, no; roll Group, BOD, and TASO would remain. sive hours donated by the employees of No. 44, no; roll No. 46, no; roll No. 47, The First Army Staff believes that the mag­ the Ebensburg plant. The company used yes; roll No. 48, yes; roll No. 49, no; roll nitude of the personnel and dollar savings containers given by the International No. 50, no; roll No. 52, yes; roll No. 53, portrayed in either Alternative 1 or 2 in the Paper Co. for the emergency. Also, the no; roll No. 54, no; roll No. 56, yes; roll current PORSOOM analysis are overstated­ Coca-Cola Co. donated about $7,000 No. 60, yes; roll No. 62, no; roll No. 63, and would very much like to participate in worth of soft drinks to the disaster dis­ no; roll No. 65, no; roll No. 66, no; roll a revised analysis. For example, as outlined to me, the PORSOOM analysis estimates net tribution centers. No. 67, yes; roll no. 68, no. reductions of civilian employees of 310 and On behalf of the entire community, I 180 for Alternatives 1 and 2, respectively. The want to express our heartfelt apprecia­ First Army estimate for either Alternative is tion for the volunteer help, the efforts of an initial net reduction of approximately the Coca-Cola Co., and all the men and LOSS OF CIVILIAN JOBS AT FORT 150-125, with a probable lesser net reduc­ women who heped with this part of the INDIANTOWN GAP, PA. tion after one year occasioned by the need flood relief project. to restore civilians if further deterioration of RC services and support is to be stopped. HON. ALLEN E. ERTEL The PORSOOM Analysis also includes out­ OF PENNSYLVANIA dated cost avoidance data on USAR School PRAISE FOR 200-MILE LAW IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OGSC course heretofore conducted annually at FIG, but now scheduled for relocation. Wednesday, February 22, .1978 Another point: Our surveys show that 85% HON. DON H. CLAUSEN Mr. ERTEL. Mr. Speaker, since April1, to 89 % of the DAC's now at FIG whose skills would be needed at Fort Meade under either OF CALIFORNIA 1976, the Army has been considering .a PORSOOM alternative would not relocate. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES possible transfer of functions from Fort That situation would be somewhat com­ Wednesday, February 22, 1978 Indiantown Gap, Pa. A transfer in func­ pounded by the 100 space FY 78 civilian cut tions would mean the loss of 819 civilian Fort Meade has taken. Thus, a hire and oper­ Mr. DON H. CLAUSEN. Mr. Speaker, jobs from the Annville, Pa., area. ating efficiency lag which might take 3 to 4 my colleagues are constantly reminded We in the Northeast have been most years to overcome would likely occur-a. lag of the poor, inadequate, and unnecessary concerned about the number of military which might, in the end, result in increased legislation that is produced by this body. overall costs. base closings in the area and their im­ The overall efficiency of the FIG DA civ111an Therefore it is particularly rewarding pact on the economy. The President has force is quite good in our judgment. Turn­ when one of our products not only ac­ stated that additional military cutbacks over is low, job satisfaction high. Support complishes th~ t1sk for which it was would not be made in the Northeast ex­ given to the Reserve Components receives intended, but is generally recognized as cept in cases where there is overwhelm­ much praise. In the past few days, I've had a good bill a..c:; well. ing evidence that the 9utback is neces­ letters from such diverse sources as the 99th Lest newcomers be misled into believ­ sary. AROOM and the Adjutant General of Mas­ ing that effective legislation can be Today, I am entering into the RECORD sachusetts asking that no changes be made hastily drafted, I would remind my col­ a letter, which I have obtained from the in view of the excellent support. Despite all the above, we recognize the leagues that the 200-mile-limit bill was commander of the U.S. First Army to the realities of directed reductions. In this re­ 10 years in the -making, and required commander of the U.S. Army Forces gard, our estimates are that the Alternative considerable investigation before agree­ Command. The letter notes Fort Indian­ 2 would save as many civiUans and dollars ment was rea.ched. The final version of town Gap's outstanding support of the as would the more drastic Alternative l­ the bill considered the special problems First Army mission and makes it clear and would be less disruptive. of American fishermen, the most effec­ that the First Army prefers to retain the There are other points that could be made tive procedures to guarantee the con­ status quo at Fort Indiantown Gap. In and considered-however, the best procedure tinuity of our dwindling fish and marine fact, the First Army makes it clear that a would seem to be a. reevaluation. resources, and the Coast Guard's ability transfer of Army functions from Fort Sincerely, to properly enforce tha new concept. JEFFREY G. SMITH, Indiantown Gap probably will result in Lieutenant General, USA. I think my colleagues will enjoy read­ an efficiency lag which would take 3 or 4 ing the following editorial from the San years for the Army to overcome. Francisco Exa-miner. Mr. Speaker, I certainly hope the Sec­ [From the San Francisco Examiner, retary of the Army will do what is best COCA-COLA AND A RECORD OF Feb. 19, 1978) for us all: Maintain Fort Indiantown PUBLIC SERVICE 200-MILE LAW PRODUCING RESULTS Gap in its present status. San Franciscans and other Northern Cali­ The letter follows: HON. JOHN P. MURTHA fornians reacted angrily when Russian fish­ DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, ing fleets invaded Pacific coastal waters and Fort George G. Meade, Md., OF PENNSYLVANIA scooped up fish by the ·ton. Adding insult to February 2, 1978. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES injury, the intruders-visible from San Mateo County cliffs-even brought along a DEAR FRITZ: During the past six months Wednesday, February 22, 1978 Fort Indiantown Gap (FIG) has continued factory ship for instant processing of their to support the Reserve Components (RC) in Mr. MURTHA. Mr. Speaker, in any catch. an outstanding manner. From a First Army disaster there are always individuals and But the Soviets and other foreign fishing point of view, a realignment of the installa­ groups that never receive recognition for vessels haven't been around for a long time. tion would disrupt or degrade the support of their efforts to help disaster victims. I Unless they have proper U.S. credentials, the RC. Accordingly, we'd like to go on rec­ they had better continue to mP,ke themselves ord as supporting the status quo at FIG. would like to mention one of the unsung scarce, because the Coast Guard is enforcing As we understand the situation, the cur­ heroes of the 1977 Johnstown flood­ a new law with considerable success. rent realignment action-which has been Coca-Cola. Congress showed good sense when it ap­ fermenting for over a year-has two basic Coca-Cola sent 250,000 gallons of proved a. 200-mile limit, giving American alternatives : drinking water into the flood disaster fishermen 2.5 million square miles of water Alternative 1: U.S. Army occupancy at FIG area. Water began arriving just 3 days they can call their own. The law went into would terminate. The U.S. Army Garrison after the flood and continued from July effect last March 1. would be disestablished, less the Training until October. After a. year the statute is showing better Aids. The Medical Clinic and Communica­ results than expected. Foreign fishing off the tions Detachment would be disestablished. Seven communities received some of nation's coa.st3 has been reduced by an esti­ The Readiness Group, BOD, and TASO would the 58 truckloads of water under extreme mated 30 percent. Stocks of fish in Gome become tenants of the Pennsylvania Army circumstances. People told me about areas have improved noticeably. National Guard (PAARNG). truck drivers returning from some The Nationa.l Marine Fisheries Service ad­ Alternative 2: FIG would be retained in flooded areas soaked and completely cov­ ministers the law. Foreigners can fish within Semi-Active Status .as a sub-installation of ered with mud. the zone only for species declared surplus 11 4246 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1978 they obtain r. license from the NMFS, which With enthusiasm, they inspired people like by the House on January 30. As one of sets a limit on the catch. me to perform the greatest task. People, like the participants in the original enact­ The law is tough to enforce because of me, sacrificed their life to protect the new ment of the Drought Relief Act, I can the vast area involved, roughly equal to two­ nation. assure my colleagues that it adequately thirds of the country, but the Coast Guard Though she is now an older and stronger met the need for which it was created. has been doing a remarkable job, boarding child, America is still dependent on us to make the right decisions concerning her wel­ Due to circumstances beyond the con­ more than 1,000 vessels during the first seven trol of project applicants, however, the months. At least 300 skippers were cited for fare. I can do that only by informing myself violations. Poachers were fined a total of of issues, and then by exercising my most deadline date provided in the amended important right as an American citizen. I $500,000. act simply does not allow for enough must be involved. Fish is a precious resource with high nu­ time to complete approved projects on The young girl clings to her doll with a which construction is well underway. tritional value, important in the American devotion unparalleled. The love she feels for diet. Foreigners were depleting the stocks in the doll is hardly expressed in words. Rather, H.R. 10532 will fill this administrative our traditional fishing grounds. Thousands it is shown through her extreme loyalty and void. of jobs were jeopardized. These trends are faithfulness to the toy that becomes an irre­ One matter to which H.R. 10532 does now slowly being turned around. For this, placeable part of her life. She worries until not provide a solution, however, is for Congress rates an A. she knows that the doll will be comfortable some Indian projects which received and she feels genuine pain when the doll is some funding, and on which construc­ torn. tion was initiated, but did not receive During the Civil War, the loyalty to Ameri­ NEW MEXICO VOICE OF DEMOC­ full funding because the date for fund ca was deeply rooted in each citizen. Each obligation came and went. These are not RACY WINNER person had his own set of beliefs and was so devoted to them that he would die to uphold new projects--in many cases they are his side. Even at this time, America was so more than half complete-but due to a HON. HAROLD RUNNELS young that she was like a doll and depended narrow interpretation of the term ''obli­ upon her people to make her government a gation" held by the Bureau of Indian OF NEW MEXICO comfortable one. And though they fought bit­ Affairs, these projects will not be com­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES terly, there is no doubt that the citizens felt pleted with funds from the Drought Re­ Wednesday, February 22, 1978 great pain where the union was torn. lief Act because more funds cannot be As simple as love is, it is still the hardest Mr. RUNNELS. Mr. Speaker, each feeling to express. To the country which has obligated. year the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the watched but not interfered with our devel­ I did not bring this matter to the at­ U.S. and its Ladies Auxiliary conduct a opment, we must give our respect and faith. tention of the committee, because I un­ The faith that if something is wrong, it derstood the necessity of pa.ssing gen-. Voice of Democracy Contest. This year can be changed. The respect tha. t we will more than 250,000 secondary school eral extension legislation in an expedi­ abide by her laws though we might dis­ tious manner. I do not believe, however, students participated in the contest agree with them. My constant attention competing for the five national scholar­ sh ould be given to the country, for a doll that the Indian projects to which I refer ships which are awarded as the top that is forgotten will soon be meaningless. can be overlooked. Because it was ad­ prizes. A dreamer has a delicious imagination ministrative error on the part of the and a powerful belief that he can and will Bureau of Indian Affairs that caused In New Mexico, this year's winner is achieve his high set goals. With confidence this halt in construction of these proj­ Virginia Mary Hatcher, age 17, of Farm­ he takes the necessary steps to climb his ects, I would hope that the Department ington, N.M. Miss Hatcher is quite an ladder of fulfillment. He reaches for that of the Interior will recognize its obliga­ accomplished young lady at age 17 hav­ seemingly unreachable star and sometimes tion and immediately explore avenues of ing been chosen Valedictorian out of a touches it. internal reprograming or the possibil­ class of 515 students. Some of her other Such dreamers have been the backbone of our existence. Any advancement made in ity of a supplemental budget request for accomplishments include being chosen as education, technology or belief has come funding to complete these projects in a. Student Body President, Speech and De­ through· one "crazy fool" who took his idea timely manner. bate Club President, Speaker of the Year, so seriously that he made it happen. Presidential Classroom delegate, and Scientists are not the only dreamers. Girl's State delegate. Everyone at one time or another sets a goal I would like to share with my col­ for himself. It is my duty, to the still grow­ THE BRIDGE CRISIS ing nation, to believe in myself, and to try leagues Miss Hatcher's winning entry in to make myself the best I know how to be. the VFW Voice of Democracy competi­ A family is strong only when its members tion. She expresses quite eloquently the are strong. If we, the pillars of the nation, HON. DOUGLAS WALGREN theme of this year's contest, "My Re­ are sturdy, she will stand. Our ideals must OF PENNSYLVANIA sponsibility to America." be high and our morals untouchable. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Her speech follows: A dream that is ignored will disappear and benefit no one. Wednesday, February 22, 1978 MY RESPONSIBILITY TO AMERICA My responsibility to America is a difficult Mr. WALGREN. Mr. Speaker, today I (By Virginia Mary Hatcher) one. Your responsibility is a difficult one. received the following letter from one The clay is shapeless and meaningless. But Together we must think of the nation as a of my constituents, John F. Graham. when the artist shapes that clay into some­ child that is powerless without us. We will Mr. Graham depicts the magnitude of thing beautiful-there is magic. The clay is make the decisions to govern her. responsive to his touch and as he makes it We must love and be tender with the na­ the bridge crisis in Allegheny County, beautiful he can also make it into a. horrid tion. We can correct probleins, if they arise, Pa., and strongly supports funding the creation. He owes his best to that clay. and remember that the probleins are a re­ special bridge program at $2 billion. This The clay-the United States. The artist-­ sult of our own doings. is the figure which is contained in Repre­ myself. Finally, we must be a good example. As sentative HowARD's bill, which I have stated by Jo Petty, "Children need models cosponsored and is currently before the I do have a responsibility to America, but more than they need critics." If the pillars what is that responsibility? A wolf has are­ deteriorate, the building will crumble. We Surface Transportation Subcommittee of sponsibility to her cubs. A young girl has a must keep in mind that a beautiful future Public Works. responsibility to her doll. A dreamer has a lies ahead, for America, and reach for it. I was especially struck by Mr. Gra­ responsibility to his dreains. Somehow, my ham's point that, in real dollars, we have responsibility to America includes all of not made much progress in our expendi­ these. SUPPLEMENTAL FUNDS ASKED FOR The mother wolf nurses her cubs into life. DROUGHT RELIEF ACT tures for bridge repairs in the past 50 Her time is devoted to finding the food they years. Put simply, the administration's need. She uses her body to warm the young proposed bridge repair funding of $450 wild babes, and if needed, she would sacrifice· HON. MIKE McCORMACK million is not only inadequate but also her life to protect them. OF WASHINGTON behind the times: This was the responsibility of our fore­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES DEAR CONGRESSMAN WALGREN : For apprOXi­ fathers. The leaders of the revolution dedi­ mately ten years now Congress has been de­ Wednesday, February 22, 1978 cated their time to finding the nourishment bating the bridge problem ever since the for the infant nation. They gave their best Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I collapse of the Silver Bridge between West to form a workable system of government supPOrted H.R. 10532 when it was passed Virginia and Ohio. It appears that 1978 may February 2'2, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4247 be the year that Congress will do something THE FEASIBILITY OF GASOHOL: AN EXAMINA­ tives: combustion to produce steam and elec­ about solving a vital link in our defense TION OF THE IsSUES tricity, pyrolysis to produce liquid and system, viz., the bridges. (Summary report of the University of Idaho gaseous fuels, and fermentation processes to Allegheny County, between 1927 and 1931, committee to study and recommend action produce ethyl alcohol or methane gas. Of spent approximately $75 m1llion for bridge relative to the 1977 Farm Bill by Stephen these, combustion is the most simple and construction. This was in good part funded M. Smith, M. L. Jackson, and Leonard direct, and produces a product which is by the Federal Government. At today's prices, Johnson) readily marketable. Combustion of these this represents over $600 m1llion. Last year, SUMMARY commodities does not produce sulfur in the Secretary Adams said that the FHWA has The recent interest in producing alcohol stack gases, and as such has been employed allotted up to $180 million per year for from renewable agricultural and forest re­ in combination with coal burning to reduce bridge replacement for the entire country. sources for use as a gasoline additive has the amount of sulfux dioxide produced. This is approximately what Allegheny Coun­ raised many questions about the feasibility Pyrolysis processes depend upon the use to ty spent per year for four consecutive years of the proposal. Many proponents of gasohol which the products are put, and are most in 1927-31. give the impression that it is a panacea for feasible when the oils or gases are used for This should alert Congress that the $2 bil­ many of our agricultural problems, energy lion which Congressman Howard has pro­ energy where subsequent £lean-up is not problems, and balance of payments problems. necessary. The tars from pyrolysis appear as posed to allot is not unrealistic for 50 states. However, a closer look reveals a complicated You wm also note that the bridges which a fine mist which is difficult to remove from series of interrelated issues and questions, gases and which might inhibit their use as the Federal Government funded in the late many of which place gasohol in a less favor­ pipeline gas. Th~ gaseous products from 20's are now over 50 years old and need major able light. The questions concern the tech­ pyrolysis also could be converted to methanol. 'rehabilitation or replacement. nical feasibility of producing alcohol from It. is also a fact that construction costs available commodities, and of mixing it with The production of alcohol from woody have increased tremendously over the years gasoline; the availability of commodities for materials (methanol) such as trees and forest residues, agricultural stalks, and and' that even the 10% local share is a bur­ conversion to alcohol; and the economic feasibility of the entire alcohol/gasohol straw, is not now economically feasible be­ den that some governments like Pennsyl­ cause of the extra processing required to con­ vania cannot assume at this time. process. vert cellulose to simple sugars and to separate I strongly recommend that you support The production and use of alcohol as a gasoline additive appears to present few tech­ the lignin associated with the cellulose. As legislation, whether it is yours or others yet, no completely satisfactory method of nological problems. Fermentation processing which wm adequately fund the bridge prob­ acid hydrolysis has been developed to of agricultural commodities is technically lem and create a bridge trust fund which facilitate conversion to ethanol. A process of will continue to fund bridge rehabilitation feasible and has been accomplished for years hydrolysis that would avoid the use of strong for years to come. from a variety of starch and sugar sources. acids appears to be a good area for research. I further recommend that all FHWA Woody products and residues are less amen­ Current research on the evolution of enzymes projects can be changed to 90/10 ratio. abl~ to processing because of the require­ for hydrolysis of wood has some promise but I also recommend that the highway trust ments that the cellulose first be reduced to commercial use appears to be in the distant fund be left undisturbed and used to not glucose (sugars) by hydrolosis. The alcohol future. produced from such sources can be employed only finish our Federal Highway System but Fermentation of agricultural commodities as a satisfactory automotive fuel. This was to properly maintain and update it. to produce ethyl alcohol (ethanol) is per­ demonstrated many years ago [Lincoln] and I recommend that the Federal Government haps the most feasible process. It has been strongly consider using the County Govern­ has been confirmed recently by tests in the accomplished for years from a variety of ments to administer FHWA funds for off­ United States and by a national program in starch and sugar sources, and is responsible system roads and bridges so that this other Brazil. for approximately 85 percent of the indus­ important vital link in our nation's defense The major problem with using alcohol as a trial ethanol produced outside the United system can be maintained but at a lower fuel is that it is not economically feasible States (Scheller and Mohr, 1976a] . standard and cost than our federal high way now, nor will it be in the foreseeable future, The use of ethanol as a satisfactory com­ system. unless supported by substantial state and/or ponent in automative fuel is not new, dating Lastly, I recommend that the existing federal government subsidies. Proponents of back to at least the early 1900's in the U.S., highway trust fund and any future ones be gasohol dispute this conclusion [Scheller and with subsequent and often continual use in legislated so that the fund is stable and Mohr, 1976a, 1976b, 1977]. However, their many countries (Scheller, 1977; Lincoln, cannot be manipulated at the whim of the calculations show that revenues exceed costs Hieronymous] . Ethanol and gasoline can be President. This will create a better and more very marginally, and that this occurs only mixed in all proportions. Twenty percent of stable design and construction climate. under very restrictive and tenuous assump­ less liquid volume of ethanol in unleaded JOHN GRAHAM. tions. In addition, the calculations consider gasoline is recommended because engine only production costs, and fail to include modifications are not needed at these pro­ other major costs, such as obtaining and portions. Ethanol also serves as an anti­ delivering the raw commodities, distributing knock compound because of its high octane ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF the alcohol, and mixing it with gasoline. rating, and thus reduces pollution by not PRODUCING GASOHOL Other key issues which have not been fully requiring lead. Other purported advantages examined, and which have considerable bear­ include the following: when ethanol is mixed ing on the feasibility of gasohol, a)\e ');he at less than 16 percent, the gasohol mixture HON. STEVEN D. SYMMS mechanisms by which a supply of raw com­ expands in volume and slightly offsets the OF IDAHO modities will be guaranteed and the alcohol lower amount of energy per gallon produced by ethanol than gasoline; better winter per­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES distributed and mixed, the net energy bal­ ance in the production of alcohol, the im­ formance and starting; lack ·of vapor lock Wednesday, February 22, 1978 pact on our balance of payments, the impact problems; and better mileage at less than Mr. SYMMS. Mr. Speaker, a number on countries which depend upon our food as•F (Scheller, 1977]. of my constituents have contacted me exports, and the impacts on government rev­ Thus, it can be concluded that it is feasible enues from different subsidization schemes. to produce alcohol from a variety of agricul­ regarding the production and use of tural and forest commodities with existing gasohol. The University of Idaho has re­ The purpose of this paper is to briefly pre­ sent the various aspects of the gasohol pro­ technology, and that the product is a satis­ cently completed a study which deals posal. The first two sections consider the factory fuel for internal combustion engines. with the technology involved in the pro­ technological means for producing alcohol There are few needed research areas with duction of energy from agricultural and from agricultural and forest commodities, respect to either production or use. Two pos­ forest resources. They have also pointed and the potential raw material sources which sible exceptions, concerning the raw com­ out questions which deal with the eco­ can be used. The third section examines the modities to be used, are noted in the next nomic feasibility of producing gasohol. economic feasibility of alcohol/gasohol pro­ section. I believe Stephen Smith, M. L. Jack­ duction. In the concluding section an agenda POTENTIAL RAW MATERIAL SOURCES son, and Leonard Johnson at the Uni­ of unanswered questions, or research needs, Idaho and the Northwest Region have a is presented. variety of raw materials which are suitable versity of Idaho have done an excellent TECHNOLOGY as feed stock materials for fermentation to job in addressing the issues involved The choice of technology to produce energy provide alcohol. They are: potatoes, sugar with gasohol and I would like to share from agricultural and forest commodities is beets, wheat and other grains, wood and wood that study with you. from among three general types of alterna- residues, and agricultural residues. The tech- 4248 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1978 nology exists to ut111ze most of these mate­ drive the price beyond the point where al­ TABLE 1.-COST PER GALLON OF ETHANOL CONSIDERING rials. One exception is the use of whole cohol production is feasible, if it is pres­ CNL Y THE COST OF THE RAW AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY potatoes (especially "pee wees") and the ently? whole sugar beet, as opposed to processed The use of field residues requires consid­ Com mod- wastes and the already extracted starch and eration of methods and costs of collection, Gallon of Com mod- ity cost sugar content. Another is the use of several as well as the impacts on soil fertillty and Commodity alcohol ity cost per gallon commodities either simultaneously or in suc­ soil structure if the residues are no longer (unit of commodity) per unit per unit of alcohol cession, depending on the availability and returned to the soil. price of commodities at an~ - given time. Perhaps the best method of assuring a Corn or sorghum (bushel) ____ 3. 0 $2.60 $0.87 3.00 1.00 The technological utilization of these supply of raw commodities is to contract Wheat (bushel) ______2. 85 2. 50 .88 commodities is not a major problem, how­ with growers. There is considerable prece­ 3. 00 1.05 ever. The key problem areas concerning raw dence for this approach in vegetable process­ 5. 00 1.75 Sugarbeets (ton) ______22.0 111.00 . 73 materials are (1) a steady, guaranteed source ing and barley for brewing beer, where one Potatoes (100 lb) ______over the long run; and (2) mechanisms or a small number of buyers constitute the 1. 03 2. 95 2. 86 (mainly marketing and transportation) to market. However, doing this for wheat, corn obtain the commodities and get them to the and other grains will present added prob­ A considerable rise in the price of gasoline processing plant. lems. One is establishing and maintaining a is necessary to make ethanol production prof­ Wood fiber is available from underutilized contract price in a market that is both itable. How much of a price rise is needed wood and bark at wood and paper process­ world-wide and volatile. In times of world and when it is likely to occur are pieces ing plants, from residue left in the forests, grain shortages, it may be in the farmer's of information which are basic to determin­ wt landings after logging operations, and best economic interests to breech such con­ ing when and if gasohol will be economically from dead and diseased trees. However, tracts. Another problem is the development feasible. This analysis must be related to the unused wood and bark residues at process­ of contracts to assure long term supply, probable range of yearly prices for agricul­ ing plants have been decreasing greatly, as rather than annual contracts. tural commodities. A plant built to operate they are being used for a variety of products, Given the problem of considerable varia­ on a narrow profit margin based on a specific price may not survive one or more seasons of including direct burning for fuel. The future tion in the availablllty of commodities, a plant which relied on one commodity would adverse prices. Furth-ermore, as the price of availablllty of wood residues for use as fuel gasoline rises, so will the costs of producing in any form is uncertain as demand increases be a very risky venture. T~us, a process and plant which could utilize several commodi­ agricultural commodities and the costs of en­ (and thus, the price) for these residues in ergy to operate an alcohol plant. So an in­ the production of various wood products. ties would be much preferable to a process and plant which did not. It could take advan­ crease in the price of gasoline may also in­ Considerable supplles of forest residues tage of changing production and marketing directly increase the cost of producing etha­ are also available, but they wlll be a more conditions in order to ensure itself a con­ nol. How much a given increase in gasoline costly form of energy than mill residues be­ tinued supply of commodities at the lowest prices will increase the price of various agri­ cause of the costs and physical problems price. Idaho and the Northwest appear cultural commodities and other energy involved in collecting and delivering them to uniquely qualified In this respect, since large sources must also be determined. a processing point. Anoth& unanswered q.uantlties of a variety of raw materials for The actual production process must be question is the ecological effect of removing making ethanol are present, particularly examined more thoroughly. Scheller and this residue from the forest. Residues left wheat, potatoes, and sugar beets. Mohr's (1976a) contention that an ethanol plant with a 20 million gallon a year capacity after logging or natural destruction wlll ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF GASOHOL return nutrients to the soil. Removal of is economical must be verified. Such verifica­ The key to the feasibility of gasohol tion must include an examination of various these residues could affect future productiv­ production is whether or not the benefits ex­ ity of the forests. conversion processes in relation to the range ceed the costs, that is, whether or not ethanol of commodities which can be used. Again, Agricultural commodities for use in production from agricultural commodities is the use of more than one commodity may ethanol production can be obtained from economically profitable. Nevertheless, it is in be the key to the long run feacib1lity of gast'­ surplus stores, residues of commercial proc­ the area. of economics where the least amount hol production. essing, residues left in the field after of study has been done. Proponents of gasohol The need to use several commodities may harvest, spoiled commodities, and produc­ maintain that production will be profitable be a major factor in deciding on the most tion specifically intended for conversion to (Scheller and Mohr, 1976a). However, these economical location for a conversion plant. energy. While each initially appears to be a results appear to hold true only under very A location which provides easy and economi­ readily available, and often cheap source of restrictive and somewhat tenuous assump­ cal access to sutficient quantities of several ·r!liW material, closer exam:ln.ation revea.Is tions. In addition, there are several other commodities over the long run is necessary. ·costs which may be prohibitive, or other aspects of gasohol production which have Another aspect of the economics of the problems which must be overcome before a not been fully considered, but which will production plant is the need for storage facil­ full-scale gasohol program is begun. ities. Proponents of gasohol appear to either have great bearing on its economic feasib111ty. The current wheat surplus is a major have overlooked this need or assumed it to These issues are discussed in the remainder impetus to gasohol production. However, not be necessary. However, sizeable storage of this section. recent history provides ample evidence of facilities for more than one type of commod­ how the vagaries of weather and the world Currently, the production of ethanol and ity will be necessary for two reasons. One ls grain market can cause surpluses to dis­ gasohol is not profitable, even at the existing to a~sure that commodities are available to appear "overnight." An alcohol processing low prices of agricultural products. The fig­ keep the plant operating year round. The second is to guard against supply shortages plant must be assured of stable supplies ures in Table 1 indicate that, with the excep­ tion of sugar beets, the cost of a gallon of of one or more commodities in bad years. over many years (at least the economic life Another key factor mentioned earlier in­ of the plant) in order to operate etficiently ethanol greatly exceeds that of a retail gallon of gasoline when only the cost of the raw volves mechanisms that will assure a long and economically. Reliance on surpluses term supply or middlemen, ties with suppliers with large annual variations wlll not pro­ agricultural commodity Is considered. To of a range of commodities throughout the vide this supply. Similarly, spoiled or "dis­ these costs must be added approximately $.41 region or nation, and investment in large tressed" products are by no means a stable per gallon in conversion costs (Scheller and capacity storage faciUties for a variety of source of raw material. Not only are they Mohr, 1976a, p. 8) plus profit, interest on commodities. greatly weather-dependent, but the exist­ debt, taxes, transportation of the ethanol, The mixing of ethanol with gasoline (de­ ence of such commodities is most often and mixing of the ethanol with gasoline. terinination of both best technical mix and regionally isolated. Thus, without a sizeable subsidy, gasohol least cost mix) and its distribution to con­ Fermentation feed stocks obtained from cannot compete with gasoline. sumers is another key step. If these stages residues of commercial processors may pro­ It is reasonable to expect, however, that are not carried out etficiently the resulting vide a stable, long term supply. Before rely­ if and when gasoline prices rise (perhaps to costs and bottlenecks will severely retard the Ing on this source, however, cons-ideration the $1.50-$2.00 per gallon levels existing in adoption of gasohol. Complete cooperation must be given to the mechanisms and costs Europe and South America), gasohol could and integration with the existing distribu­ of collecting the residues, and to whether become economically feasible. This possi­ tion system for gasoline is necessary. The or not sutncient quantities are available b111ty leads to one of the more important point at which the ethanol is to be mixed regionally. Furthermore, most of these areas of needed research: the relationship with gasoline must be determined and the residues are currently ut111zed, presumably between the future demand, supply and real faciUties for doing so must be in place and in economically profitable uses. Can they be price of the agricultural products which can operating in time to handle the ethanol. In used more profitably to produce alcohol? Or be used to produce ethanol, and the future addition, consumer education on all a.specU! will the increased demand for the residues real price of gasoline/petroleum. of gasohol xnay be required. Furthermore, the _ Februn:ry 22, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4249 distribution and mixing o! ethanol will add tion enough to cover current and future de­ cal Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lin­ costs which must be considered. mands for food and energy. The physical coln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, April 7, 1976. According to Scheller and Mohr the use possibilities of this occurring must be ex­ (Note: University files contain many addi­ o! the by-products !rom ethanol production amined, along with the costs involved. tional references, bibliographies and reports is crucial to both the net energy analysis RESEARCH NEEDS relating to the utilization of agricultural­ (1967b) and the profitab111ty. (1967a) of the The foregoing brief discussion of the is­ forest commodities in general and gasohol in plant. The markets !or the by-products must sues and questions surrounding gasohol particular.) be examined to determine 1! they can absorb forms a large research agenda. This section large increases in supply, and to determine will provide a summary listing of the more the possible price chang·es o! these by-prod­ important research needs which were "DISGUISING THE TAX BURDEN," ucts and their competing products. Consid­ identified. BY PAUL CRAIG ROBERTS erable decreases in price might be expected. 1. The design of a process and plant to I! these occur, the ethanol plant considered produce ethanol from a combination of agri­ by Scheller and Mohr will not be econom­ cultural commodities. In the Northwest a HON. JACK F. KEMP ically feasible. likely combination of commodities would be With respect to a positive net energy bal­ wheat, potatoes and sugar beets. OF NEW YORK ance (amount of energy obtained from the 2. New approaches to the hydrolysis of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ethanol being greater than the amount used cellulosic materials. If successful, they Wednesday, February 22, 1978 to produce it) Scheller and Mohr's (1976b) would be highly useful and would add to the result is based on two factors which are supply of starting materials. Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, the March questionable at best. The first is that corn issue of Harper's magazine carries an is used as the example. As discused above, 3. The future demand, supply and real price of the agricultural commodities which excellent article about tax reform called however, a plant relying on a single com­ "Disguising the Tax Burden," by Dr. Paul modity is not likely to be feasible. Second, can be used to produce ethanol. their analysis called for the burning of 75 4. The future real price of gasoline/ Craig Roberts. percent of the corn cobs, husks and stalks petroleum. Once again the House is going to take to provide the energy necessary to yield a. 5. The physical and institutional mechan­ up tax "reform." If past history holds positive energy balan~. Consideration is not isms by which a supply of needed agricul­ this will mean more tax increases on the given to the prospect that corn will not be tural commodities can be assured. American people with very little to show used, nor to the impacts of diverting these 6. The costs-primarily transportation--of for it. Indeed, we are still working to residues from their current uses as feed and obtaining the commodities and getting them patch up all the mistakes that were made soil builders. A more comprehensive assess­ to the processing plants. ment of the net energy balance is necessary, in the last two tax reform acts that 7. The costs, methods and institutional ar­ raised taxes rather than lowering the including consideration of a range of com­ rangements of marketing the ethanol/ gaso­ modities and more realistic assumptions con­ hol, including transportation, sales to whole­ rates to restore incentive. cerning use of residues. salers or retail gas stations, and mixing of I suggest that all tax reformers read Another series of questions which has not ethanol with gasoline. Dr. Roberts' article carefully: been given adequate consideration can be 8. The economics of the location of etha­ DISGUISING THE TAX BURDEN placed under the heading of net social value, nol plants, which depends upon which com­ LITTLE-KNOWN ;FACTS BENEATH THE RHETORIC or the benefits and costs of gasohol produc­ modity(ies) are used, and on points 6 and 7. tion to society as a whole. Determining the OF REFORM net social value of producing gasohol is com­ 9. The economics of the production plant, (By Paul Craig Roberts) plicated and often tenuous, and depends including optimal plant size, investment and Even when they appear singly, major tax upon the future expectations and priorities operating costs, and expected profits (losses) increases have a way of slowing down the of those doing the analysis. In addition, po­ for several scenarios of projected prices of legislative process. It has to be worked out litical decisions may be the key factoTs. input commodities, by-products and gasoline, how to disguise the tax so everyone thinks it Nevertheless, there are certain questions for including the presence or absence of several is falling on someone else. Then the Congress which answers will be necessary. One is the forms and levels of government subsidy. and the Administration have to work out trade-off's incurred in diverting human, 10. The types of residues produced, how among themselves who gets to hand out how monetary and physical resources from cur­ they can be used, how and what it costs to much to which spending constituency. This rent uses to the production, use and subsi­ market them, projected demand given the is what is known as politics, and ordinarily dization of gasohol. For example, if the goal (large) increase in supply, price effects of a the politicians can think of enough new is to increase or maintain farm incomes, is (large) increase in supply of residues, and rhetoric to explain the levying of new taxes. it less costly to directly subsidize the affected price effects on products with which resi­ But by the end of his first year in office farmers i~ some way, or to try to create a. dues may compete. President Carter had proposed so many tax market for their produce which is sufficiently 11. The trade-off's incurred in diverting increases (the energy tax, the SOCial Security large to raise prices the required amount? human, monetary and physical resources tax, and the tax-reform tax) that the system Or, will the costs be less or the pay-offs from current uses to the production, use and temporarily collapsed. greater if the resources are spent in develop­ subsidization of gasohol. It was more new taxes than could be nego­ ing other energy sources, or in developing 12. The net impacts on our balance o! tiated, and the major tax-reform proposals more efficient ways to use our current payments. of last September have been withdrawn but sources? 13. Impacts on foreign countries, with a not discarded. Another question of net social value con­ long run dependence on our food, of divert­ From the standpoint of the government's cerns the impacts of the diversion of large ing large quantities of foodstuffs from the interest, tax reform is a necessity. The rich quantities of foodstuffs from the export export market. are a depleted resource, and so it is inevitable market to the production of ethanol. Will REFERENCES CITED that the government wUl come up with a the decrease in foreign exchange earnings new source of revenue in tax reform. As is be balanced by lower expenditures for Hieronymous, Wllliam. "Brazil Tries Mix­ customary in these matters, tax reform will foreign oil? If not, does reducing our de­ ing Alcohol from Sugar with Gasoline toRe­ be justified on the grounds of "equity," that duce its Oil Imports." The Wall Street Jour­ pendence on imported oil warrant sizeable is, closing loopholes and helping the poor. government subsidization? How much nal, Monday, Nov. 28, 1977, p. 30. Tax reform to help the poor is easy, because subsidy will be required, what forms could Lincoln, John Ware. 1976. Methanol and the poor don't pay any taxes. Therefore, it it take, and what are the impacts of different Other Ways Around the Gas Pump. Garden doesn't cost the government anything. Look types of subsidies? How much will oil im­ Way Publishing, Charlotte, Vermont 05445. at the table prepared by the Tax Foundation ports decrease beoause of the use of gasohol? Scheller, Wllliam A. 1977. "Ethanol as a from data. published by the Internal Revenue Perhaps no decrease will occur, and only the Renewable Energy Source in Automotive Service in Statistics of Income, and be rate o! increase will slow. Furthermore, i! Fuel-Nebraska GASOHOL." Depa.rtme·lt of amazed at the distribution of the tax burden. large quantities of foodstuffs are diverted Chemical Engineering, University of Nebras­ Half of the taxpayers, those whose ad­ !rom the export market, how will this affect ka-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, Octo­ justed gross incomes place them in the bot­ ber, 1977. the countries who presently depend upon tom 50 percent, account for only 7 percent our food and who may depend upon it much Scheller, William A. and Brian J. Mohr. of the total personal-income-tax collections. more in the future, given their high growth 1976a. "Grain Alcohol-Process, Price and Taxpayers in the lowest 25 percent account rates of population? That is, do our agri­ Economic Information." Department of cultural commodities have a higher value Chemical Engineering, University of Nebras­ for less than half of 1 percent of the personal (however determined) when used for human ka-Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, September, 1976. income tax collected by the government. consumption than for energy production? --- 1976b. "Net Energy Analysis of That's why the government likes to cut taxes Perhaps our agriculture can increase produc- Ethanol Production." Department of Chemi- for lower-income groups. It doesn't cost 4250 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1978 much to buy half the votes, and what guilt­ brackets. The income thresholds were lowered the unions are concerned rather than fooled. ridden upper-income taxpayer would com­ and the tax rates raised. The bottom They know where the untaxed benefits are plain about compassionate government? bracket today, an income level not subject to that would yield substantial tax revenue. Sen. Besides, "everyone knows" that the bulk taxation in 1914, is taxed at 14 pF-rcent­ Orrin G. Hatch (Rep.-Utah), a member of of the taxes is paid by lower-income earners, twice 1914's top rate. The tax rate today on the Joint Economic Committee has calcu­ while the rich largely escape taxation. Pub­ the first $500 of taxable income is twice as lated that taxing fringe benefits as personal lic citizens' tax-reform organizations, peo­ great as the tax rate on a multimillionaire's income ''would mean an increase in taxes of ples' tax lobbies, and other sheltered spokes­ income in 1914. This does not mean that $240 on the average taxpayer." With the 76 men for organized welfare groups have no things got better for the millionaire. The million tax returns filed in 1975 that re­ difficulty getting out their well-packaged, rate in his bracket today is ten times greater, ported wage and salary income, that would public-spirited message. Meanwhile, the true and his average tax rate is 11.4 times greater. come to $18.24 billion, a tidy sum for gov­ facts pass unnoticed in the IRS's Statistics In 1914 the total tax on a million-dollar in­ ernment. That's why the unions are support­ of Income. come was $60,000. Today it is $685,000. Since, ing the resolution introduced by Senator The table shows that taxpayers with in­ as a result of inflation, the value of money Hatch and Rep. Jack Kemp (Rep.-N.Y.) comes in the top 5 percent-those with ad­ today is only about one-sixth of what it was against the taxation of fringe benefits. They justed gross incomes of $29,272 or more­ in 1914, today's millionaire's after-tax in­ know that taxing fringes is the same as rais­ paid over one-third of the total personal in­ come of $315,000 is equivalent to a 1914 pur­ ing tax rates on existing wage and salary come taxes collected by the federal govern­ chasing power of $53,800. He has only one­ levels. You can't pay the IRS with part of ment in 1975. The top 10 percent of taxpay­ seventeenth of the purchasing power of his your parking place, employer-subsidized ers-those earning $23,420 or more-paid 1914 counterpart. During a period that has meal, employee discount, or employer-paid nearly half the total tax bill. In contrast, seen a rise in the average standard of living, health insurance and pension premiums. the lowest 10 percent of taxpayers paid only the millionaire's has declined drastically. The third plank of the tax reform rede­ one-tenth of 1 percent of the total tax bill. It is an interesting story to trace the fines assets as income, and in addition to Taxpayers earning $15,898 or more-those in growth of the personal income tax, but it taxing the income from the asset confiscates the top 25 percent-paid 72 percent of total can be summarized in the following way: part of the asset. Suppose you invest $10,000 personal income taxes. Taxpayers whose in­ Between 1914 and 1975 the population grew in an income-producing asset, a.nd inflation comes placed them in the top 1 percent paid 120 percent, but the number of individual­ drives the price of that asset to $15,000. Sup­ more than two and a half times the total income-tax returns grew by 23,800 percent. pose that family educational or medical ex­ taxes collected trom the bottom 50 percent. Hailed everywhere as loopholes for the penses force you to sell the asset. Even An income of $59,338 may qualify for the rich, deductions are the primary income though its replacement cost is $15,000-the top 1 percent, but what about the really shelter for those in the middle to lower tax $15,000 you receive will not buy any more rich? The latest Statistics of Income shows brackets, where most of the income is. The than the $10,000 you paid-the government that the 1,149 taxpayers earning $1 million percentage difference between adjusted will claim that you have a $5,000 capital gain or more in 1975 paid an average tax of gross income and taxable income is greater and tax it. Suppose you are in the 25 percent $1,011,317. The total tax paid by these few the lower the income bracket. For example, bracket. That means $1,250 of your assets will high-income taxpayers added up to $1.15 in the under-$10,000 adjusted-gross-income be confiscated by the government. The great­ billion. All of us might pause to ask what class, deductions come to 48.9 percent of er the inflation, the longer you hold the as­ public services a taxpayer receives for a mil­ adjusted gross income. In the $10,000-to­ set, and the higher your tax bracket, the lion dollars in income taxes. $24,9::19 class, deductions are 31.1 percent of more will be confiscated. The reformers are adjusted gross income, and in the over­ even talking about taxing the "capital gain" The table reveals another interesting fact. $25,000 class they are only 22.8 percent. The on an accrual basis whether or not you sell Since 1970 the tax burden has shifted fur­ higher the income, the less it is sheltered by the asset. ther away from the lower brackets. In 1970 deductions. The tax reformers showed how far they the bottom 50 percent paid 10.3 percent of According to the latest Treasury figures, total income taxes, and the top 50 percent want to go by proposing to tax homeowners the upper-income groups benefited from on the rental value of their homes. It's called paid 89.7 percent. By 1975 the bottom's share about $16 billion in deductions exclusions, taxing imputed rent. The reasoning is that had declined to 7.1 percent, while the bur­ and other privileges, about half of which re­ owning a home provides income in kind den carried by the top had risen to 92.9 per­ sulted from recognizing the difference be­ (shelter). The value of that income is the cent. In addition, the Tax Foundation re­ tween capital gains and ordinary income. rental value, so up goes your taxable income ports that "several million taxpayers disap­ Lower- and middle-income groups benefited by the rental value of your home-even peared from the tax rolls altogether as a re­ from about $50 billion in deductions and ex­ though it is not rented and you are living in sult of legislative changes benefiting those clusions, such as the exclusion of unemploy­ it. This reform is especially valuable to the with lower incomes during the period 1970- ment benefits, Social Security payments, government as it pushes homeowners into 75." Many of the untaxed receive transfers workers' compensation benefits, pension higher tax brackets, which means they pay in kind, such as food stamps and housing contributions and earnings, employer-paid higher tax rates on the same money incomes. subsidies, together with earned-income medical insurance premiums and medical It is valuable also because it establishes a credits (negative income tax) and welfare care, the deduction of interest on consumer new principle of taxation that can be applied checks, so that their real income exceeds credit and home mortgages, property taxes, to home vegetable gardens and to the serv­ that of many taxpayers. medical expenses, and state and local taxes, ices of housewives. Cooking services, sexual Most people think that tax reform means and the deferral of capital gains on the sale services, cleaning services, child-rearing making the rich pay taxes. They do not real­ of a home plus credit for the purchase of services, and laundry services are also income ize that the purpose of closing loopholes is a new home. For every dollar of upper­ in kind. The imputed value of a housewife to enlarge the tax base by redefining per­ bracket tax savings, $3 went to the lower who is good at all of these tasks would ex­ sonal income to include fringe benefits and middle brackets. ceed the salaries and wages of many hus­ and capital gains and by reducing de­ Dr. Roger Freeman, former White House bands. The government could then take your ductions. Enlarging the tax base will raise aide and Hoover Institution Fellow at Stan­ house and make you hire out your wife to everyone's taxes, but it will have the most ford University, summed up his book on cover the unpaid taxes you couldn't pay. severe effect on middle-income earners. The tax loopholes (Tax Loopholes: The Legend So many major tax-increase proposals in­ government is refashioning its tax net to and the Reality) as follows: dicate runaway greed in Washington. It's catch those it pretends to protect. Fringe "The literature of the tax reform drive not as if the government hasn't had a raise. benefits are a larger percentage of a $15,000 usually asserts that most of the loopholes The government gets an automatic increase salary than they are of a $100,000 salary, and were designed for and work for the benefit in tax revenues every year as a result of in­ so are itemized deductions. The government, of the rich, that poor and middle income flation. Look at what happens to the real of course, will give reassurances that it is taxpayers are taxed on all of their income, tax burden on a person whose incomes rises only after the rich, just as it did when it with no escape possib111ties, and that most with the rate of inflation over the course of brought in the income tax in 1914. Initially of the income that avoids taxation is to be his working life. To show that it is not just the personal-income-tax burden rested on found in the very high income brackets. The the upper-income taxpayers who are harmed, only 357,515 people-less than one-half of 1 facts, however, suggest the opposite: much let's take for an example someone who is to­ percent of the population. Only people with or most of the untaxed income is in the low day earning only $6,240 a year. In 1976 he incomes much greater than average were and medium brackets." would have paid no taxes. Instead, he would subject to the tax. The rates ranged from That neatly sums up why the government's have received a check from the Treasury for 1 percent to 7 percent. Only income in ex­ tax reformers are interested in reducing de­ $155 as a result of the.earned-income credit. cess of $117,000 in today's dollars encoun­ ductions. You can't raise revenues for the But after 45 years of 5 percent inflation he tered the first surtax bracket of 2 percent. government unless you go where the un­ would be earning $56,077 a year, on which he The top tax bracket of 7 percent was en­ taxed income is. would have to pay $17,019 in taxes (at pres­ countered only by income in excess of $2.9 Untaxed income also means fringe benefits. ent rates). His after-tax money income million in today's dollars. The personal in­ The President says that taxing fringe bene­ would have risen from $6,395 in 1976 to come tax soon found its way into the lower fits means "the three-martini lunch." But $38,058 in 2021, or by substantially less than February 2:2, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4251 the rate of inflation. His after-tax income in higher tax rates. The central issue of tax of academics and technocrats who move 2021 would have a purchasing power equal reform is closing this loophole. But in their back and forth from their think tanks and to only $4,345 in 1976 dollars. In spite of his proposal to tax capital gains as ordinary in­ universities and in and out of government. much larger money income, this person come, the tax reformers show every intention Perhaps all of this won't come to pass all would have experienced a decline in his liv­ of opening this loophole wider. The widening at once. Government might so engorge itself ing standard of nearly one-third. This is the of this loophole allows government to cr;tab­ with Social Security and energy taxes that result of progressive income taxation plus in­ lish a wealth tax in the guise of an income it can't reach the tax-reform dish. Or per­ flation, which together cause taxes on the tax-wealth meaning asset. A wealth tax is haps in a last-gasp effort the vested inter­ same amount of purchasing power-$6,240 not a tax only on the wealthy. Whereas a ests of old will flex their flabby biceps and in 1976 dollars-to rise from a refund of 2.5 rich man owns more assets than one who is hammer through a tax cut that will stave percent in 1976 to a tax of 30 percent in 2021. not rich, the nonrich collectively own many off enserfment and economic stagnation for The higher the inflation, the worse it would assets. a while longer. be for him, because the faster he would reach We have come a long way from the time the higher brackets. three decades ago when F.A. Hayek said some­ Indexing the tax structure (adjusting it thing about the road to serfdom. A serf was to offset inflation) would prevent this de­ a person who did not own his own labor. Al­ RESONSIBILITY TO AMERICA terioration in the living standards of all though he was not himself owned by an­ Americans. One might think that this would other-that is, he could not be bought and make indexing an important issue of tax re­ sold like a slave-the feudal nobility, the form. Yet, it is not part of the tax reformers' state of that time, had rights over the serf's HON. JAMES ABDNOR proposals. The reformers argue that inflation labor. When we say that a peasant was en­ OF SOUTH DAKOTA causes government's costs to rise, so it also serfed, we mean that he owed a certain IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES needs more revenues. However, the way it is amount of his working time to the state. Over now, the government's revenues don't simply time and regions this obligation averaged Wednesday, February 22, 1978 rise by the amount of the inflation, they rise about one-third of a serf's working life. Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, there is by 1.65 times the rate of inflation. A 10 per­ The serf's position provides a perspective cent rate of inflation means a 16.5 percent much we can learn about our country that lets us sum 'W the success of reaction­ and our system of government when we increase in government revenues. That is why ary forces in this century in simple eco­ governments prefer to fight unemployment. nomic terms. In 1929 government in thb view it through the eyes of our young The claim that inflation hurts the lower U.S. had a claim to only 12 percent of the people. Those who will be custodians of income brackets more than the upper income national income. By 1960 government had a our freedom in the future already are brackets is deceitful. What inflation really claim to 33 percent of the national income. taking a look at their responsibilities for does is to push everyone into higher tax By 1976 government had extended its share preserving this heritage and planning brackets. As average iricomes rise, more and to 42 percent. In relative terms our position more people will experience the woes of be­ the steps they will take. today 1s worse than that of a medieval serf To encourage them in this regard, the ing nominally rich. One of the woes is that who owed the state one-third of his work­ the higher your nominal or money income, ing time. Veterans of Foreign Wars annually the harder it is to stay even with inflation. As sponsors a voice of democracy contest, the tax bill gets bigger on every raise, your Many may reject this parallel. They may say that we have a democratic government with scholarships being awarded for the income has to increase progressively faster most outstanding presentations. The than the rate of inflation in order to stay controlled by the people, and that high taxes even. This is another reason government pre­ and big government merely reflect the vot­ program is now in its 31st year. fers to reduce the tax rates in the lower ers' demands for public goods in the public Winning first place in the competition brackets. Inflation soon moves the people out interest. Such an argument is reassuring but conducted in South Dakota this year was of them and into the higher brackets that problematical. The income tax was voted in Mary Jo Moser of Wessington. I am were not cut. under one guise and retained under another. Furthermore, it was the action of a past pleased to commend her thoughts on her Dale W. Sommer in the September 26, 1977, generation. For us it is an inherited obliga­ responsibilities to America to the atten­ Industry Week issue of presents some inter­ tion as were feudal dues, and it is seen tion of my colleagues: esting statistics from the U.S. Department of that way by the Internal Revenue Serv­ VOICE OF DEMOCRACY ScHOLARSHIP PROGRAM Commerce's National Income and Products ice. All of us have been born to the statist SOUTH DAKOTA WINNER Accounts that illustrate the extent to which gospel that government is the instrument of (By Mary Jo Moser) American incomes have been undone by tax­ social progress. Any clamors for tax reduc­ fiation. Over the past ten years the average tion are translated into proposals for tax re­ "I pledge my head to clearer thinking, my wage has risen 77.3 percent, whereas the con­ form, which are further transformed into heart to greater loyalty, my hands to larger sumer price index has risen 75.4 percent. So proposals for securing more revenues for service, and my h.~alth to better living for the average worker has kept up with infla­ government. As we hear the talk about tax ... my country.... tion. But the tax burden has risen 144 percent reform end "equity," we might pause to con­ This portion of the 4-H Pledge of America's during the same period. On a per capita basis, sider, if our cultivated progressive image youth expresses my feelings of my responsi­ Americans paid $2,261 in taxes in 1976 com­ will allow, that "equity" means more taxes bilities to America. My responsibilities to pared with $1,014 in 1966. The 144 percent on the productive to provide the revenues America must begin with a pledge of myself. growth in the tax bite exceeded the 126.6 that build the sepnding constituencies of This pledge must then be fulfilled, for un­ percent growth in total production of goods Congress and the federal bureaucracy. What less action follows a pledge, it becomes and services (GNP) and the 119.2 percent is operating is not equity, but the govern­ meaningless. growth in total national income. ment's self-interest. One must be responsible to himself be­ Last year Americans paid $16.7 billion more The advent of several major tax increases fore he can be responsible to anyone else. in taxes than they spent on the three basic The pledge of my head and body are towards necessities of food, clothing, and housing. in tandem will destabilize the economy, but from the government's perspective that is individual development. Individualism is a The total tax bill came to $486.4 b1llion, vital part of America. I must be myself and whereas the total spent on food, clothing, and desirable. There will have to be more govern­ ment programs to deal with the conse­ be the best that I can be, doing the best housing came to $469.7 billion. Compared that I can do. A person must discover him­ with the $2,261 per capita expenditure on quences of instability. Every sopHisticated person is aware of how special interests use self and then accept himself to develop self­ taxes, $1,048 was spent on food, $354 on cloth­ confidence. Then he can share with others ing, and $780 on shelter. Added together the the legislative process for their own bene­ fit, but the same sophisticate is badly what he is with his own unique talents and three necessities are still $79 less than per forms of self-expression. capita taxes paid. schooled in how the legislative process fur­ thers the special interests of those in gov­ When one is responsible to himself, he Taxes far outpace the growth in real in­ ernment. Inflation leads to the imposition can then be responsible to others. It is my come. In 1976 federal taxes grew 20.8 percenij. of wage and price controls and credit allo­ responsibility to give of myself and to get The entire economy grew 11.6 percent, and cation, all of which increase the spoils, involved with others. Relationships with peo­ 5.3 percent of that growth was the result of money, and influence divvied up in Wash­ ple are the most important aspect of life. inflation rather than an actual increase in ington. Unemployment means more CETA One must learn to cooperate and to partici­ the production of goods and services. jobs and publlc works, and what member of pate. I pledge my hands to service for my The greatest loophole of all in our income­ the government class is hurt by that? Put country. No job is unimportant if it con­ tax system works for the benefit of govern­ simply, instability increases the demand for tributes to building a stronger America. The ment. It is the loophole that allows govern­ the services of bureaucrats and for pork­ garbage man, the brick-layer, and the scrub ment to use inflation to increase taxes on barrel legislation that builds the spending woman are as important as the President constant and even declining levels of pur­ constituencies of both Congress and the and his Cabinet. The responsibilities of the chasing power without having to legislate Executive branch. It advances the careers common laborer are the foundation upon 4252 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1978 which the great achievements of America are be particularly crucial in the case of de­ proceeds in income for his last taxable year built. ficiency payments for wheat. Deficiency beginning in 1977. As one of America's youth, it is my re­ payments for 1977 crop of wheat ordi­ (b) MAKING AND EFFECT OF ELECTION .-An sponsibility to serve in every way I can­ electwn under this section for any taxable through voting, speaking, or just giving a narily would be expected to be received year shall be made at such time and in such simple smile that may make someone else's in November or December of the same manner as the Secretary of the Treasury may day brighter. year in which the crop is harvested. Since by regulations prescribe and shall apply with When people cooperate and work together, deficiency payments for wheat harvested respect to all proceeds described in subsec­ they cultivate a pride for their work. It is in 1978 would also be reported in 1978, tion (a) which were received by the taxpayer. my responsibility as an American to culti­ the income of these farmers will be vate pride in America-what it has been, bunched in 1978 rather than spread over what it is, and most importantly, what it can 1977 and 1978. be. It is every American's responsibility to to CONGRESSIONAL ANNOUNCEMENT make the best of today's America even better Several factors contribute the un­ tomorrow. This pledge of my heart, my usual tardiness of the 1977 payments. loyalty, and my pride is my final responsi­ While drought and other weather-re­ lated phenomena necessitated an unusu­ HON. ROBERT L. LEGGETT bil1ty to America. It is this pledge upon OF CALIFORNIA which all other pledges are based. If we are ally high number of disaster payments, loyal to America, we must speak out on the low market prices insured broad entitle­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES issues for which America stands-freedom, ment to deficiency payments. The deep Wednesday, FelYruary 22, 1978 equality, and justice for all. Each individual administrative backlog created by these must have pride in what lle can do for circumstances was exacerbated by the Mr. LEGGETT. Mr. Speaker, on Mon­ America, no matter bow small the responsi­ day of this week I drafted and issued the bility may be. My pride in America and what belated approval of the farm bill on Sep­ following announcement and explana­ it can be is what makes my responsibilities tember 29, 1977. tion to my California newspapers and to America a pledge of myself. The bill I am introducing today would I pledge my head, heart, hands, and allow a farmer to elect to treat the dis­ the people of the Fourth Congressional health. These are my responsibilities to aster payments as 1977 income if he can District of California. I would remind America. establish that, under his usual business my colleagues that my statement of de­ practice, income from his crop would parture is not for any load being made have been reported in 1977. Similarly, up for tonight. I intend to spend a vig­ YEAR OF INCLUSION FOR CERTAIN the bill would allow a farmer to elect orous year working on the problems of CROP PAYMENTS to treat deficiency payments received in the people of the country during 1978: 1978 as 1977 income if, under normal CONGRESSIONAL ANNOUNCEMENT circumstances, the farmer would have This being the day appointed for the HON. AL ULLMAN received the payments in 1977. If an elec­ annual reading in the Congress of George OF OREGON Washington's Farewell Address to the Na­ tion is made to accelerate payments un­ tion, it seems fitting and proper that this is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES der this bill, the farmer must accelerate likewise a proper day for me to announce Wednesday, February 22, 1978 all of the disaster payments and defi­ my taking leave of the United States Con­ ciency payments for which he is eligible gress at the end of the current year. Mr. ULLMAN. Mr. Speaker, I am in­ to make an election. As Washington said several hundred years troducing today a bill to prevent the un­ Mr. Speaker, I am hopeful that rapid ago after serving 8 years as President, "it avoidable bunching of income for farm­ passage of this proposal will alleviate appears to me proper, especially as it may er-taxpayers who receive farm disas­ somewhat the unusual burdens now be­ conduce to a more distinct expression of the ter payments in 1978 with respect to 1977 public voice, that I should now apprise you ing endured by our American farming of the resolution I have formed, to decline losses and for certain farmers who re­ population. being considered among the number of ceive deficiency rnment and national defense is ing ground forces in Europe with units lo­ the Fund, then clearly the work of the Fund the highest order of business when it comes cated in the Pacific and on the West Coast. could be expanded and its impact in con­ to survival and preserving freedom. Rationale for this mllitary concept is inade­ trolllng drug abuse would be more pro­ But now, in the name of "morality," our quate conventional ground forces now posi­ nounced. political leaders tell us we must acquiesce in tioned in Europe to cope with an an-out Mr. Chairman, as this distinguished body suicide and give the U.S. Canal on the Isth­ Warsaw Pact offensive. A force structure of examines its past record, let us bear in mind mus of Panama away. This grandiose sellout 16 Active Army and three Marine divisions that only through the concerted action by is cloaked in distorted projections of so­ demands this risky strategy in view of an all of us attending this session, together called past crimes committed by the United understrength reserve and insufficient mobi­ with other world leaders, can the war on States against humanity. So to ease the lization time for building necessary rein­ drug abuse be won. Much work remains to "guilt," we must now purge ourselves and fOI:cements. be done. We must intensify our efforts to give a sizable chunk of U.S. sovereignty to a To implement such a plan, a rapid interdict narcotics trafficking, to eradicate nation which is in close collaboration with throughput capab111ty for shipping m111tary the illicit supply of opium production, to Communist Cuba and the Soviet Union, na­ equipment, supplies and combat forces to reduce the demand for drugs, and to treat tions whose ideology clearly calls for our the area of conflict is needed. Obviously, to and rehab111tate the maimed citizens who destruction. accomplish this feat, complete control of have fallen victim to drug abuse. Advocates of the treaty, in addition to the canal by the United States would be of In this regard, we need to commit more arousing a sense of remorse in the American the most urgent nature. Even 1f the pro­ money, manpower and equipment if our public, are pouring it on about the dire con­ posed terms of this new treaty to provide concerted mission-victory over drug abuse­ sequences of violence in Latin America in neutrality for this critical waterway were is to be achieved. We do not have to be the event their gift-bearing proposal falls. feasible, what sovereign power in time of reminded that the narcotics traffickers are This tactic is aimed at scaring U.S. citizenry war would allow his enemy to share the not going to stand stlll while we are waging into supporting the treaty. Still fresh in same assets in prosecuting a war against war. They are not going to stop pushing their their minds is the memory of the Vietnam him? Requirements of war demand unques­ deadly drugs onto our cities, towns and in War which their own government would not tioned denial of every possible resource and the schools throughout the world merely let them win. geographic area which enhance his capa­ because our law enforcement agencies have This same gloom and doom theory which b1llty to pursue the conflict. Effective denial obtained some degree of momentary success canal treaty proponents are using today was can be accomplished only by possessing full in interdicting a few hundred pounds of a major factor in the Vietnam defeat. The authority and domination over the assets in heroin, or in reducing some of the illicit commander of all U.S. military forces in the question. supply of opium production, or in sentenc­ Southern Command has clearly stated that In the view of the Soviet expansion of ing a few drug traffickers to prison. The in­ U.S. fighting men on the Canal Zone are well sea power throughout the world, coupled ternational criminal syndicates are going to prepared to protect American lives and prop­ with clearly offensive Soviet naval doctrine, continue to conduct their illicit transactions, erty in the event it becomes necessary. Fur­ we cannot risk losing to the Communists they are going to persist in feeding upon the thermore, conditions there are entirely dif­ this most necessary defense link. The So­ human misery that narcotics trafficking ferent from those in Vietnam. We are closer viets freely admit that their offensive doc­ bringf: to our citizens, and they are going to the area, with shorter supply lines, and trine is designed to cut our lines of sea com­ to prevail . . . unless we exert concerted are capable of choking our opponents off munications. Furthermore, since U.S. naval action to intensify our efforts by pooling our from any outside help. If such were not the doctrine is defensive and one of deterrence, expertise, technology, manpower and funds case, however, are we going to give in contin­ we must be able to respond to Soviet initia­ in waging war on organized crime and drug uously to every demand that comes along and tives quickly. Limiting access routes would abuse. refuse to fight until there is nothing left to surely slow reaction time to any thrust the Ladles and gentlemen, the war on drugs fight for? enemy might make. can be won if we collectively take the initia­ Most of what one hears from the current If the canal is of such little importance tive-if we have the courage to act upon our Administration regarding the mllitary im­ to us economically and strategically, why convictions. Well intentioned words are not portance of the canal has been slanted to are the Soviets so interested in it? Certainly enough to do the job. The time to act--to imply that it is no longer the m111tary asset their discussion with the Panamanian gov­ translate our words into deeds-is upon us. it once was, since supertankers and the ernment last July about the periphery of 4262 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 22, 1978 the canal and use of Colon must arouse the destiny of America has yet to be finally Appropriations curiosity of the most naive person. determined. Defense Subcommittee Freedom to use the seas at will is vital To continue hearings on -budget esti­ to U.S. security, both in war and peace. The mates for FY 79 for the defense estab­ system of alliances, on which U.S. security lishment. depends, cannot endure without the assur­ SENATE COMMITTEE MEETINGS 1223 Dirksen Building ance that seabound transportation will not Appropriations be interrupted or hampered. We and our Title IV of the Senate Resolution 4, allies depend upon the network of world agreed to by the Senate on February 4, Hud-Independent Agencies Subcommittee trade not only for our prosperity, but for To continue hearings on budget esti­ 1977, calls for establishment of a system mates for FY 79 for the Veterans Ad­ our survival. The first principle of the de­ for a computerized schedule of all meet­ fense policy of the United States and its ministration. allies is that they must be capable of con­ ings and hearings of Senate committees, 1318 Dirksen Building trolling the seas if their freedom in this subcommittees, joint committees, and Appropriations area is challenged. Full ownership of the committees of conference. This title re­ Labor-HEW Subcommittee canal makes this possible. quires all such committees to notify the To hold hearings on budget estimates Why then do the top military men in the Office of the Senate Daily Digest-desig­ for FY 79 for the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, Joint Chiefs of Staff support this treaty if nated by the Rules Committee of the and Mental Health Administration, the loss of the canal imperils U.S. military time, place, and purpose of all meetings Department of HEW. effectiveness? Officers on active duty do not when scheduled, and any cancellations S-128, Capitol wish to jeopardize their military careers, or changes in meetings as they occur. Armed Services particularly the successful ones who have at­ Manpower and Personnel Subcommittee tained their rank through a combination of As an interim procedure until the To receive testimony on deployment of ability and adherence to the views of those computerization .of this information be­ U.S. troops in Korea. over them. Others rationalize their actions comes operational, the Office of the Sen­ 212 Russell Building by comforting themselves that they are good ate Daily Digest will prepare this infor­ Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs obedient soldiers. In fact, many of them mation for printing in the Extensions of Consumer Affairs Subcommittee will go beyond obeying orders and take new Remarks section Of the CONGRESSIONAL To resume hearings on S. 2065, S. 2470, initiatives to hasten implementation in order RECORD on Monday and Wednesday of and S. 2546, to protect consumer rights to impress their civilian superiors with their and provide remedies in electronic "can-do" attitude. The Army Chiefs of Staff each week. Any changes in committees scheduling fund transfer systems. and chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff 5302 Dirksen Building have amply demonstrated this by speaking will be indicated by placement of ar. Commerce, Science, and Transportation to the V.F.W. 1977 National Convention and a asterisk to the left of the name of th '~ gathering of retired generals and admirals, unit conducting such meetings. Merchant Marine and Tourism Subcom­ respectively, in an attempt to gain their mittee support for the treaty. If the service chiefs Meetings scheduled for Thursday, To hold hearings on S. 2348, the Domes­ are so adamant in scrapping the old treaty February 23, 1978, may be found in Daily tic Offshore Communities Seaport De­ for the good of our defense, why did they Digest of today's RECORD. velopment Act. 235 Russell Building not seek the same support against eliminat­ MEETINGS SCHEDULED ing the B-1 bomber? Foreign Relations Certainly, they did not think eliminating FEBRUARY 24 To hold hearings on and to consider the B-1 bomber would strengthen our de­ 7:00a.m. pending nominations. fense. Anyone who doubts that the top Human Resources S-116, Capitol mill tary brass are not under the gun, only Chilld and Human Development Subcom­ Governmental Affairs need be reminded of the recall of Gens. mittee To hold hearings on S. 1990, to establish Singlaub and Starry when they spoke out To holld hearings on S. 2522, authorizing as an executive department a Depart­ against the Administration's policy on U.S. funds for the Family Planning and ment of International Trade and In­ troop withdrawal from Korea and precHction Population Research Act through 1983. vestment. of war with Communist China. Prior ch1efs Until 1:00 p.m. 4232 Dirksen Building 3302 Dirksen Building of naval operations, who are now retired and 9:30a.m. Rules and Administration have nothing to lose, disagree with all the Appropriations To mark up resolutions requesting funds present service chiefs and vehemently stand Agriculture and Related Agencies Subcom­ for activities of Senate committees on the position that surrendering this vital mittee and subcommittees and to consider artery will be extremely detrimental to the To hold hearings on budget estimates other committee business. effectiveness of military operations. This for FY 79 for the Department of 301 Russell Building alone, should make apparent the falsene;,s of Agriculture. FEBRUARY 27 the front the senior military leaders are 1224 Dirksen Building presenting. 9:00a.m. Environment and Public Works Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry These are the issues before us: Do we wish To hold hearings to review the FY 79 to fritter away our sovereignty and diminish To resume hearings on the financial con­ authorizations for the Economic De­ dition of American agriculture, includ­ our world prestige and do we want to weal~en velopment Administration with a view ing the impact of 100 percent of par­ our capability to defend U.S. national inter­ to making recommendations thereon ests when the time comes? No matter what ity. to the Budget Committee. 322 Russell Building guarantees are written into the treaty, Amer­ 4200 Dirksen Building icans should know better than to expect a Commerce, Science, and Transportation country whose only authorized political Governmental Affairs To hold hearings on S. 1895, to amend Civil Service and General Services Sub­ the Natural Gas Pipeline Safety Act. party is Communist to honor such an agree­ committee ment. The broken peace treaty of Vietnam 5110 Dirksen Building To hold oversight hearings on the activi­ 10 :00 a.m. is ample proof of that. ties of the General Services Adminis­ As we gradually approach a drawdown in Appropriations tration. Foreign Operations Subcommittee our military fighting power, such as scratch­ 357 Russell Building ing the B-1 Bomber, stopping production of To resume hearings on budget estimates the Minuteman, which is our interconti­ Judiciary for FY 79 for foreign aid programs. nental ballistic missile capability, and weak­ Juvenile Delinquency Subcommittee 1318 Dirksen Building ening our defense posture through the SALT To resume oversight hearings on the Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs agreements, our leaders now attempt to let Drug Enforcement Administration's To resume hearings on the nomination another military asset vi tal to our defense efforts to control drug trafficking on of G . William Miller, of California, to go down the drain. U.S. borders with Mexico. be a Member of the Board of Gover­ Too many times it is forgotten that his­ 2228 Dirksen Building nors of the Federal Reserv.e System. tory shows the affairs of nations are not Special Aging 5302 Dirksen Building determined by almsgiving and good will to­ To hold hearings on tax forms and tax Finance ward men, but by power and the will to use equity for older Americans. To hold hearings on proposed amend­ it. Is America not going to heed these les­ 6226 Dirksen Building ments to the Meat Import Quota Act sons? There is no better way to unite the 10a.m. (P.L. 88-482) so as to reduce the country than to alert it factually to its real Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry amount of such imports and expand threat. A campaign to restore belief in Environment, Soil Conservation, and For­ the scope of such imports. American prestige could be more than en­ estry Subcommittee 2221 Dirksen Building couraging to those who remember that the To hold oversight hearings on the FY 79 Foreign Relations lack of concern for American interests re­ authorizations for soil and water con­ Foreign Economic Policy Subcommittee sulted in two military and diplomatic blun­ servation projects. To hold hearings to review the progress ders, Korea and Vietnam, whose effect on the 322 Russell Building of the international negotiations to February 2'2, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4263 establish a common fund for com­ Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Human Resources modities, debt releases for developing To continue hearings on the nomination Employment, Poverty, and Migratory Labor countries, and other North-South of G. Wllliam Mlller, of California, to Subcommittee issues. be a Member of the Board of Gov­ To resume hearings on the proposed ex­ 4221 Dirksen Building ernors of the Federal Reserve System. tension of programs under the Com­ prehensive Employment and Training Governmental Affairs 5302 Dirksen Building Intergovernmental Relations Subcommit­ Budget Act (P.L. 93-567). Until 12:30 p.m. 6226 Dlirksen Building tee To receive testimony from Energy Sec­ To resume hearings to reexamine Federal retary Schlesinger in preparation for 10:00 a.m. urban policy. reporting the first concurrent resolu­ Appropriations 357 Russell Building tion on the FY 79 congressional Interior Subcommittee budget. To hold hearings on budget estimates for Joint Economic 6202 Dirksen Building To resume hearings on the President's FY 79 for the Bureau of Outdoor Rec­ economic report. Environment and Public Works reation, and Land and Water Con­ 1202 Dirksen Building Water Resources Subcommittee servation Fund. 1114 Dirksen Building Select Indian Affairs To hold hearings on Soil Conservation To resume hearings on S.J. Res. 102, to Service projects. Appropriations reevaluate federal policy as it relates 4200 Dirksen Building Labor-HEW Subcommittee to changes which may need to be made Finance To hold hearings on budget estimates for to protect and preserve American In­ To hold a business meeting to consider FY 79 for elementary and secondary dian religious cultural rites and prac­ recommendations which it will make education programs, Department of tices. to the Budget Committee on the FY HEW. S-207, Capitol 79 budget in accordance with the 8-128, Capitol 2:00p.m. Congressional Budget Act. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Appropriations 2221 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on S. 2441, proposed Labor-HEW Subcommittee Foreign Relations Federal Public Transportation Act. To hold hearings on budget estimates To mark up the Tax Convention with 5302 Dirksen Building the United Kingdom of Great Britain for FY 79 for the Health Resources Budget Administration, Department of HEW. and Northern Ireland (Exec. K, 94th Cong., 2nd sess.); Tax Convention To continue hearings in preparation for S-128 Capitol reporting the first concurrent resolu­ Appropriations with the Republic of Korea (Exec. P, 94th Cong., 2nd sess.); Income Tax tion on the FY 79 congressional budget. Public Works Subctnnmittee 6202 Dirksen Building To resume hearings on budget estimates Convention with the Republic of the for FY 79 for public works projects. Phlllppines (Exec. C, 95th Cong., 1st Energy and Natural Resources &-126, Capitol sess.); and Convention for the Unifi­ To hold hearings to receive testimony FEBRUARY 28 cation of Certain Rules Relating to from Energy Secretary Schlesinger on International Carriage by Air (Exec. 9:00a.m. FY 79 authorizations for the Depart­ B, 95th Cong., 1st sess.). ment of Energy. Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry S-116, Capitol To continue hearings on the financial 3110 Dirksen Building conditions of American SJgriculture, in­ Governmental Affairs Joint Economic Intergovernmental Relations Subcommit­ cluding the impact of 100 percent of To resume hearings on the President's parity. tee economic report. 322 Russell Building To continue hearings to reexamine Fed­ 1202 Dirksen Building eral urban policy. 2:00p.m. Commerce, Science, and Transportation 1224 Dirksen Building To hold a business meeting. Appropriations 235 Russell Building Select Small Business Labor-HE"V Subcommittee Commerce, Science, and Transportation To hold hearings on small business as­ To hold hearings on budget estimates for Science, Technology, and Space Subcom­ pects of the Administration's 1978 tax FY 79 for school assistance in federally mittee program. affected areas, and emergency school To resume hearings on S. 2527, FY 79 au­ 424 Russell Building aid programs, Department of HEW. thorizations for NASA. 10:30 R.m. S-128, Capitol 318 Russell Building Appropriations Appropriations Labor-HEW Subcommittee Treasury, Postal Service, and General Gov­ *Energy and Natural Resources To hold hearings on budget estimates for ernment Subcommittee Energy Conservation and Regulation Sub­ FY 79 for the Department of HEW. To hold hearings on budget estimates for committee 8-128, Capitol FY 79 for Department of the Treasury, To resume hearings on FY 79 authori­ 2:00p.m. and on supplemental appropriations zations for the Department of Energy. Appropriations for FY 78. 3110 Dirksen Building Labor-HEW Subcommittee 1224 Dirksen Building 9:30a.m. 7:00p.m. • Human Resources To hold hearings on budget estimates for FY 79 for the Office of Education, De­ Human Resources To hold a business meeting to consider Child and Human Development Subcom­ recommendations it wlll make to the partment of HEW. S-128, Capitol mittee. Budget Committee for the FY 79 To hold hearings on S. 2523, proposed budget in accordance with the Con­ Appropriations Public Works Subcommittee extension of authorizations for re­ gressional Budget Act; s. 2539; the search and study of sudden infant proposed College Opportunity Act; To continue hearings on budget esti­ and S. 2452, creating the Hubert H. mates for FY 79 for public works death syndrome (P.L. 93-270). Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs. projects. Unt1110:30 p.m. 4232 Dirksen Building Until noon 4232 Dirksen Building 8-126, Capitol MARCH2 Veterans Affairls MARCH 1 9:00a.m. To consider committee budget resolu­ 9:00a.m. Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry tion. Agriculture, Nutrition, and F;Jrestry To continue hearings ·on the financial 312 Russell Building To continue hearings on the financial condition of American agriculture, in­ 10:00 a.m. cor..dition of American agriculture, in­ cluding the impact of 100 percent of Appropriations clnding the impact of 100 percent of parity. Interior Subcommittee parity. 322 Russell Building To consider additional funding for items 322 Russell Building Energy and Natural Resources of the Department of the Interior and Comm·erce, Science, and Transportation Public Lands and Resources Subcommittee related agencies, proposed to be in­ Science, Technology, and Space Subcom­ To hold hearings on S. 2234, FY 79 au­ cluded in a second supplemental ap­ mittee thorizations for the Bureau of Land propriations, and to hold hearings on Management, Department of the In­ budget estimates for FY 79 for Alaska To continue hearings on S. 2527, FY 79 terior. Land Use. authorizations for NASA. 3110 Dirksen Bullding 235 Russell Building 1114 Dirksen Building Human Resources Appropriations Governmental Affairs Employment, Poverty, and Migratory La­ Mllitary Construction Subcommittee Intergovernmental Relations Su bcommi t­ bor Subcommittee To resume hearings on budget estimates tee To continue hearings on the reauthori­ for FY 79 for mllltary construction To continue hearings to reexamine Fed­ zation of the Comprehensive Employ­ programs. eral urban policy. ment and Training Act (PL. 93-567). S-146, Capitol 5110 Dirksen Building Until 12:30 p.m. 4232 Dirksen Building 4264 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 2·2, 1978 9:30a.m. 9:30a.m . 2:00p.m. • Select Indian Affairs Human Resources Appropriations To hold hearings on budget estimates Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ Labor-HEW Subcommittee to provide for the use and distribu­ mltteo To resume hearings on budget estimates tion of an award granted by the In­ To hold hearings on S. 2534, authorizing for FY 79 for the Office of Education, dian Claims Commission to the Sem­ funds for the Health Maintenance Or­ Department of HEW. inole Indian Nation of Florida. ganization through 1983. S-128, Capitol 357 Russell Building Until12 :30 p.m. 4232 Dirksen Building 6:00p.m. 10:00 a.m. 10:00 a .m. Veterans' Affairs Appropriations Appropriations To resume hearings on a National Acad­ Foreign Operations Subcommittee Interior Subcommittee emy of Science study of health care To hold hearings on budget estimates To hold hearings to receive testimony for American veterans. for FY 79 for foreign aid programs. from Secretary of the Interior Cecil Until10:30 p.m. 6226 Dirksen Building 5-146, Capitol Andrus, on budget estimates for FY Appropriations MARCH 7 79 for the Department of Interior. 9:00 a.m. HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee 1114 Dirksen Building To hold hearinsg on budget estimates Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Appropriations • To continue hearings on the financial for FY 79 for the Consumer Product Labor-HEW Subcommittee Safety Commission. conditions of American agriculture, To hold hearings on spending practices including the impact of 100 percent of 1318 Dirksen Building of individual departments (Mission Appropriations parity. Budgeting) at HEW, and on budget 322 Russell Building Interior Subcommittee estimates for FY 79 for the Health To hold hearings on budget estimates Care Financing Administration, De­ Commerce, Science, and Transportation for FY 79 for the National Park Serv­ partment of HEW. Science, Technology, and Space Subcom­ ice. S-128, Capitol mittee 1114 Dirksen Building Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To resume hearings on S. 2527, FY 79 Appropriations To continue hearings on S. 2441 , pro­ authorizations for NASA. Labor-HEW Subcommittee posed Federal Public Transportation 235 Russell Building To hold hearings on budget estimates Act. Human Resources for FY 79 for the Office of Education 5302 Dirksen Building Employment, Poverty, and Migratory Department of HEW. Energy and Natural .Resources Labor Subcommittee S-128, Capitol Energy Conservation and Regulation Sub­ To resume hearings on S. 50, the Full Appropriations committee Employment and Balanced Growth ·Transportation Subcommittee To hold hearings on FY 79 authoriza­ Act. To hold hearings on budget estimates tions for the Department of Energy. Until 12 :30 p .m . 4232 Dirksen Building for FY 79 for the Washington Met­ 6226 Dirksen Building 9:30 a.m. ropolitan Area Transit Authority and Energy and Natural Resources Environment and Public Works the Civil Aeronautics Board. Regional and Community Development S-126, Capitol Energy Research and Development Sub­ committee Subcommittee Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To resume hearings on FY 79 author­ To hold oversight hearings on the Disas­ To continue hearings on S. 2441, pro­ izations for the Department of ter Relief Act. posed Federal Public Transportation Energy. 4200 Dirksen Building Act. 3110 Dirksen Building Human Resources 5302 Dirksen Building Foreign Relations Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ Budget Foreign Assistance Subcommittee mittee To receive testimony from Defense Sec­ To hold hearings on S. 2420, proposed To resume hearings in connection with retary Brown in preparation for re­ International Development Coopera­ the protection of human subjects used porting the first concurrent resolution tion Act, and on FY 79 authorizations in experimental research. on the FY 79 congressional budget. for foreign assistance programs. Until 12 :30 p.m. 357 Russell Building 6202 Dirksen Building 4221 Dirksen Building 10:00 a .m. Foreign Relations 11:00 a.m. Appropriations To hold hearings on S. 2420, proposed Appropriations Foreign Operations Subcommittee International Development Coopera­ HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommit­ To resume hearings on budget estimates tion Act, and FY 79 authorizations tee for FY 79 for foreign aid programs. for foreign assistance programs. To continue hearings on budget esti­ S-126, Capitol 4221 Dirksen Building mates for FY 79 for the Consumer Appropriations 2:00p.m. Product Safety Commission, Office of Interior Subcommittee Appropriations Consumer Affairs, and Consumer In­ To hold hearings on budget estimates Labor-HEW Subcommittee formation Center. for FY 79 for the Office of Surface To continue hearings on budget esti­ 1318 Dirksen Building Mining. mates for FY 79 for the Office of Edu­ 1114 Dirksen Building cation, Department of HEW. MARCH 6 9:00a.m . Appropriations S-128, Capitol Labor-HEW Subcommittee Appropriations Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry To hold hearings on budget estimates . Treasury, Postal Service, and General Gov­ To resume hearings on the financial con­ for FY 79 for the Office of Human ernment Subcommittee dition of American agriculture, includ­ Development and special institutions, To continue hearings on budget esti­ ing the impact of 10 percent of parity. Department of HEW. mates for FY 79 for the Department Environment and Public Works S-128, Capitol of the Treasury, and on supplemental Transportation Subcommittee Appropriations appropriations for FY 78. To hold hearings on S. 2440, proposed Military Construction Subcommittee 1224 Dirksen Building Federal Highway Improvement Act. To resume hearings on budget estimates 4200 Dirksen Building MARCH 3 for FY 79 for mill tary construction 9:00a.m. 10:00 a.m. programs, and funds for NATO. ' Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs S-146, Capitol To continue hearings on the financial Housing and Urban Affairs Subcommittee Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs condition of American agriculture, in­ To hold hearings on FY 79 authoriza­ To hold hearings on S. 72, to restrict the cluding the impact of 100 percent of tions for HUD. activities in which registered bank parity. 5302 Dirksen Building holding companies may engage, and 322 Russell Building Energy and Natural Resources to control the acquisition of banks by Environment and Public Works To hold hearings on the nomination of hank holding companies and other Resources Protection Subcommittee Robert D. Thorne, of California, to be banks. To resume hearings jointly with the En­ an Assistant Secretary of Energy. 5302 Dirksen Building ergy and Natural Resource's Subcom­ 3110 Dirksen Building Energy and Natural Resources mittee on Public Lands and Resources Foreign Relations To hold a business meeting on pending on S. 1820, to preserve examples of Foreign Assistance Subcommittee calendar business. America's diverse natural ecological re­ To resume hearings on S. 2420, proposed 3110 Dirksen Building sources for classification, identifica­ International Development Coopera­ •Government Affairs tion, and protection. tion Act. Federal Spending Practices and Open Gov­ 4200 Dirksen Building 4221 Dirksen Building ernment Subcommittee February 2'2, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4265 To hold oversight hearings on the SBA Human Resources Commerce, Science and Transportation minority business program. Education, Arts, and the Humanities Sub­ Surface Transportation Subcommittee 3302 Dirksen Bullding committee To hold hearings on S. 2478, FY 79 au­ 11:30 a.m. To resume hearings on S. 1753, to extend thorizations for the National Rail Veterans' Affairs and amend the Elementary and Sec­ Passenger Corporation (Amtrak). To hold hearings to receive legisla ti ve ondary Education Act. 318 Russell Building recommendations from officials of the 1318 Dirksen Building 9:30 a.m. VFW. 2.00 p.m . . Human Resources 318 Russell Building Appropriations Handicapped Subcommittee J:OO p.m. Transportation Subcommittee To hold hearings on vocational rehabili­ Appropriations To hold hearing on budget estimates for tation and developmental disabilities. Labor-HEW Subcommittee FY 79 for the Coast Guard and St. Until noon 4332 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on budget esti­ Lawrence Seaway Development Corpo­ Judiciary mates for FY 79 for the Office of Hu­ ration. Antitrust and Monopoly Subcommittee man Development and special institu­ 1318 Dkksen Building To resume oversight hearings on ICC's tions, Department of HEW. price regulation in the motor common S-126, Capitol MARCH 9 9:00a.m. carrier industry. Appropriations Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry 2228 Dirksen Building Treasury, Postal Service, and General Gov­ To continue hearings on the financial 10:00 a.m. ernment Subcommittee condition of American agriculture, in­ Appropriations To resume hearings on budget estimates cluding the impact of 100 percent of HUD-independent Agencies Subcommittee for FY 79 for the Department of the To continue hearings on budget esti­ Treasury, and on supplemental appro­ parity. 322 Russell Building mates for FY 79 for the Environmental priations for FY 78. Protection Agency and Council on 1224 Dirksen Bullding 9:30a.m. Appropriations Environmental Quality. MARCH 8 Foreign Operations Subcommittee Appropriations 8:30a.m. To resume hearings on budget estimates Treasury, Postal Service, and General Gov­ Human Resources for FY 79 for foreign aid programs. ernment Subcommittee Child and Human Development Subcom­ S-126, Capitol To continue hearings on budget esti­ mittee 10:00 a.m. mates for FY 79 for the Department To hold hearings on S. 1728, the proposed Appropriations of the Treasury, and on supplemental Domestic Violence Prevention and BUD-Independent Agencies SubcOmmittee appropriations for FY 78. Treatment Act, and related bills. To hold hearings on budget estimates for 1224 Dirksen Building Until 11:30 a.m. 457 Russell Building FY 79 for the Environmental Protec­ Budget 9:00a.m. tion Agency. To continue hearings in preparatl:n for Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry 1318 Dirksen Building reporting the first concurrent esolu­ To continue hearings on the financial Appropriations tion on the FY79 congressional budget. condition of American agriculture, in­ Interior Subcommittee 6202 Dirksen Building cluding the impact of 100 percent of To hold hearings on budget estimates Commerce, Science, and Transportation parity. for FY 79 for the Fish and Wildlife Merchant Marine amd Tourism Subcom­ 322 Russell Building Service. mittee Commerce, Science, and Transportation 1114 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on S. 2553, FY79 au­ Science, Technology, and Space Subcom­ Appropriations thorizations for the Maritime Admin­ mittee Labor-HEW Subcommittee istration. To continue hoo.rings on S. 2527, FY 79 To hold hearings on budget estimates 235 Russell Building for FY 79 for the Department of HEW. authorizations for NASA. Energy and Natural Resources 235 Russell Building S-128, Capitol To continue business meeting to con­ Human Resources Appropriations sider recommendations it will make Employment, Poverty, and Migratory La­ M111tary Construction Subcommittee to the Budget Committee for the FY79 - bor Subcommittee To resume hearings on budget estimates budget in accordance with the Con­ To continue hearings on S. 50, the Full for FY 79 for military construction gressional Budget Act. Employment and Balanced Growth programs. 3110 Dirksen Building S-146, Capitol Act. Foreign Relations Until 12:30 p.m. 4232 Dirksen Building Budget Foreign Assistnace Subcommittee 9:30a.m. To receive testimony from HEW Secre­ tary Califano and Labor Secretary To hold hearings on contributions to Environment and Public Works international organizations, and on Resource Protection Subcommittee Marshall in preparation for reporting the first concurrent resolution on the the administrative and personnel re­ To consider pending legislation. quirements of the proposed new orga­ 4200 Dirksen Building FY 79 congressional budget. 6202 Dirksen Building nization which is to administer the 10:00 a.m. aid program. Appropriations Energy and Natural Resources 4221 Dirksen Building To hold a business meeting to consider Interior Subcommittee Select Indian Affairs To hold hearings on budget estimates for recommendations it will make to the FY 79 for the National Endowment for Budget Committee for the FY 79 To resume hearings on S. 2502, to au­ the Arts. budget in accordance with the Con­ thorize the States and the Indian 1114 Dirksen Building gressional Budget Act. tribes to enter into mutual agreements Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 3110 Dirksen Building respecting jurisdiction and govern­ To continue hearings on S. 72, to restrict Foreign Relations mental operations in Indian country. the activities in which registered bank Foreign Assistance Subcommittee 457 Russell Building holding companies may engage, and to To hold hearings on the Administra­ MARCH 13 control the acquisition of banks by tion's request for the economic sup­ 9:00 a.m. bank holding companies and other port fund. Human Resources banks. 4221 Dirksen Bullding Employment, Poverty, and Migratory Labor 5302 Dirksen Building 2:00p.m. Subcommittee Budget Appropriations Treasury, Postal Service, and General Gov­ To resume hearings on S. 2090, 2081, and To resume hearings in preparation for 1919, to extend certain programs au­ reporting the first concurrent resolu­ ernment Subcommittee To resume hearings on budget estimates thorized by the Economic Opportunity tion on the FY 79 congressional budget. Act. 6202 Dirksen Building for FY 79 for the U.S. Tax Court and certain functions under the Executive Until12:30 p.m. 4232 Dirksen Building Energy and Natural Resources Judiciary Energy Research and Development Sub­ Office of the President, and on supple­ mental appropriations for FY 78. Improvements in Judicial Machinery Sub­ committee committee To resume hearings on FY 79 authoriza­ 1224 Dirksen Building tions for the Department of Energy. MARCH 10 To hold hearings on S. 2354, to provide 3110 Dirksen Building 9:00 a.m. for equal access to courts. Foreign Relations Agriculture, Nut;ttion, and Forestry 2228 Dirksen Building Foreign Assistance Subcommittee To continue hearings on the financial Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To resume hearings on S. 2420, proposed condition of American agriculture, in­ Housing and Urban Affairs Subcommittee International Development Coopera­ cluding the impact of 100 percent of To resume hearings on FY79 authoriza­ tion Act. parity. tions for HUD. 4221 Dirksen Building 322 Russell Building 5110 Dirksen Building 4266 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 2'2, 1978 Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Select Indian Affairs Judiciary International Finance Subcommittee To hold hearings on S. 2460, to amend Constitution Subcommittee To hold hearings on FY79 authorizations the Indian Self-Det ermination and To continue hearings on S.J. Res. 27 and for the Export-Import Bank. Education Assistance Act. S.J. Res. 28, proposed constitutional 5302 Dirksen Building 357 Russell Building amendments to limit the number of Energy and Natural Resources 10:30 a .m. terms of service for Members of Con­ Energy Research and Development Sub­ Judiciary gress. commit tee Immigrat ion Subcommittee 6226 Dirksen Building To resume hearings on FY79 authoriza­ To hold hearings on S. 2252, proposed 10 :00 a .m. tions for the Department of Energy. Alien Adjustment and Employment Appropriations 3110 Dirksen Building Act. Foreign Operations Subcommittee Foreign Relations 2228 Dirksen Building To resume hearings on budget est imates To hold hearings on U.S.-U.S.S.R. rela­ 2:00p.m. for FY 79 for foreign aid programs. t ions. Appropriations S-146, Capitol 5221 Dirksen Building Treasury, Postal Service, and General Gov­ Appropriations 10 :30 a.m. ernment Subcommittee Interior Subcommittee Commerce, Science, and Transportation To hold hearings on budget estimates for To hold hearings on budget estimates Surface Transportation Subcommittee FY 79 for the U.S. Postal Service, and for FY 79 for the Smithsonian :nstitu­ To resume hearings on S . 2478, FY 79 on supplemental appropriations for tion. authorizations for the National Rail­ FY78. 1114 Dirksen Building road Passenger Corporation ( AM­ 1224 Dirksen Building Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs TRAK) . MARCH 15 To hold oversight hearings on FDIC re­ 235 Russell Building 9 :00a.m. port on preferential bank lending MARCH 14 Judiciary policies. 9 :00a.m . Citizens Shareholders Rights and Reme­ 5302 Dirksen Building Human Resources dies Subcommittee Budget Employment, Poverty, and Migratory La­ To hold hearings on S . 2390, the Citizens' To continue hearings in preparation for bor Subcommittee Access to the Courts Act. reporting the first concurrent resolu­ To continue hearings on S. 2090, 2081, 6226 Dirksen Building tion on the FY 79 congressional budget. and 1919, to extend certain programs 10:00 a.m. 6202 Dirksen Building authorized by the Economic Oppor­ Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Energy and Natural Resources tunity Act. To mark up S. 2065, to provide consum­ Energy Research and Development Sub­ 6226 Dirksen Building er rights and remedies in electronic committee 9:30a.m . fund transfer systems. To resume hearings on FY 79 authoriza­ 5302 Dirksen Building tions for the Department of Energy. Environmental and Public Works Budget Transportation Subcommittee 3110 Dirksen Building To receive testimony from Federal Re­ Governmental Affairs To hold hearings on proposed funding serve Board Chairman-designate Miller of roads on Indian lands. in preparation for reporting the first To continue hearings on S. 991 , to create 4200 Dirksen Building concurrent resolution on the FY 79 a separate Cabinet-level Department Human Resources congressional budget. of Education. Handicapped Subcommittee 6202 Dirksen Building 3302 Dirksen Building To resume hearings on vocational re­ Select Indian Affairs habilitation and developmental dis­ Commerce, Science, and Transportation To resume hearings on S. 2460, to amend abilities. Merchant Marine and Tourism Subcommit­ the Indian Self-Determination and Until 12:30 p.m. 4232 Dirksen Building tee Education Assistance Act. To hold hearings on S. 2552, FY 79 au­ Judiciary Room to be announced t horizations for the U.S. Travel Service. 10 :30 a.m. Constitution Subcommittee 235 Russell Building To hold hearings on S.J. Res. 27 and Foreign Relations Appropriations S.J . Res. 28, proposed constitutional To continue hearings on U.S.-U.S.S.R. Transportation Subcommitt ee amendments to limit the number of relations. To hold hearings on budget estimates terms of services for Members of Con­ 4221 Dirksen Buidling for FY 79 for National Highway Traffic gress. Safety Administration. Governmental Affairs S-126, Capitol 5110 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on S. 991, to create 10 :00 a .m . Judiciary a separate Cabinet-level Department of Immigration Subcommittee Appropriations Education. Foreign Operations Subcommittee To resume hearings on S. 2252, proposed 3302 Dirksen Building Alien Adjustment and Employment To resume hearings on budget esti­ 2:00p.m. mat es for FY 79 for foreign aid pro- Appropriations Act. grams. Treasury, Postal Service, and General Gov­ 2228 Dirksen Building S-126, Capitol ernment Subcommittee 2:00p.m. Appropriations To hold hearings on budget estimates for Appropriations Interior Subcommittee FY 79 for certain functions under the Treasury, Postal Service, and General Gov­ To hold hearings on budget estimates Executive Office of the President, and ernment Subcommittee for FY 79 for the Forest Service, De­ on supplemental appropriations for To continue hearings on budget esti­ partment of Agriculture. FY78. mates for FY 79 for certain functions 1114 Dirksen Building 1224 Dirksen Building under the Executive Office of the President, and on supplemental ap­ Appropriations MARCH 16 Military Construction Subcommittee propriations for FY 78. 8:00a.m. 1224 Dirksen Building To resume hearings on budget estimates Veterans' Affairs for FY 79 for military construction To resume hearings on H.R. 5029, au­ MARCH 17 programs. thorizing funds for hospital care and 10 :00 a.m. S-146, Capitol medical services for certain Filipino Budget Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs combat vet erans of W.W. II, and S. To receive testimony from Secretary of Housing and Urban Affairs Subcommittee 2398, to extend the period of eligib111ty HUD Harris in preparation for report­ To cont inue hearings on FY 79 authori­ for Viet nam-era vet erans' readjust­ ing the first concurrent resolution on zations for HUD. ment appointment wit hin the Federal the FY 79 congressional budget. 424 Russell Building Government. 6202 Dirksen Building Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Until 11 :00 a.m. 357 Russell Building Environment and Public Works International Finance Subcommittee 9 :00a.m. Water Resources Subcommittee To continue hearings on FY 79 author­ Commerce, Science, and Transportation To hold hearings on S. 2444 and S. 2437, izations for the Export-Import Bank. Science, Technology, and Space Subcom­ relating to a national program of dam 5302 Dirksen Building mittee inspection. Foreign Relations To resume hearings on S. 2527, FY 79 4200 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on U.S-U.S.S.R. authorizations for NASA. MARCH 20 relations. 235 Russell Building 9 :30a.m . 4221 Dirksen Building 9 :30a.m. Environment and Public Works Governmental Affairs Environment and Public Works Resource Protection Subcommittee To resume hearings on S. 991, to create Transportation Subcommittee To hold oversight hearings on the imple­ a separate Cabinet-level Department of To resume hearings on S. 2440, proposed mentation of the Solid Waste Disposal Education. Federal Highway Improvement Act. Act. 3302 Dirksen Building 4200 Dirksen Building 4200 Dirksen Building February 22, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4267 Human Resources tion Act, and FY 79 authorizations for 10:00 a.m. Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ foreign assistance programs. Appropriations mittee 4221 Dirksen Building Foreign Operations Subcommittee To resume hearings on S. 2040, the Com­ 10:30 a.m. To resume hearings on budget estimates prehensive Drug Amendments Act. Judiciary for FY 79 for foreign aid programs. Until 12:30 p.m. 4332 Dirksen Building Immigration Subcommittee S-126, Capitol 10:00 a.m. To resume hearings on S. 2552, proposed Foreign Relations Appropriations Alien Adjustment and Employment To hold hearings to receive testimony Interior Subcommittee Act. from Secretary of State Vance on the To hold hearings on budget estimates for 2228 Dirksen Building Administration's proposed arms trans­ FY 79 for the Bu.:eau of Mines. 2:00p.m. fer policy. 1114 Dirksen Building Appropriations 4221 Dirksen Building Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Treasury, Postal Service, and General Gov­ 10:30 a.m. International Finance Subcommittee ernment Subcommittee Judiciary To resume hearings on FY 79 authoriza­ To hold hearings on budget estimates Immigration Subcommittee tions for the Export-Import Bank. for FY 79 for the Defense Civil Pre­ To resume hearings on S. 2252, proposed 5302 Dirksen Building paredness Agency, CSC, Federal La­ Alien Adjustment and Employment Budget bor Relations Council, and the FEC, Act. To receive testimony from Representa­ and on supplemental appropriations 222'8 Dirksen Building tive Bolling in preparation for report­ forFY 78. 2:00p.m. ing the first concurrent resolution on 1224 Dirksen Building Appropriations the FY 73 congressional budget. MARCH 22 Treasury, Postal Service, and General Gov­ 6202 Dirksen Building 9·:00 a.m. ernment Subcommittee 6:30p.m. Human Resources To hold hearings on budget estimates • Human Resources To hold hearings on S. 2084, the Admin­ for FY 79 for certain Independent Child and Human Development Sub­ istration's proposed welfare reform Agencies, and on supplemental appro­ committee legislation. priations for FY 78. To hold he~rings on S. 258, the Children Until 12 : 30 p.m. 4232 Dirksen Building 1224 Dirksen Building and Youth Camp Safety Act. Judiciary APRIL 3 Until 10:00 p.m. 4232 Dirksen Building Constitution Subcommittee 9:30a.m. MARCH 21 To resume hearings on S. 35, the pro­ Environment and Public Works 9 :00a.m. posed Civil Rights Improvements Act. Transportation Subcommittee Judiciary 5110 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on S. 394, proposed Improvements in Judicial Machinery Sub­ Judiciary Bridge Replacement and Rehabilita­ committee Improvements in Judicial Machinery Sub­ tion Act. To hold hearings on S. 2094 and S. 2389, committee 4200 Dirksen Building to abolish diversity of citizenship as a To continue hearings on S. 2094 and S. 10:00 a.m. basis of jurisdiction of Federal district 2389, to abolish diversity of citizen­ Appropriations courts. ship as a basis of jurisdiction of Fed­ eral district courts. Interior Subcommittee 5110 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on budget estimates 9:30a.m. 2228 Dirksen Building 9:30a.m. for FY 79 for the National Endowment Environment and Public Works for the Humanities. Transportation Subcommittee Environmental and Public Works 1114 Dirksen Building To resume hearings 'Jn S. 2440, proposed Transportation Subcommittee To continue hearings on S. 2440, pro­ Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Federal Highway Improvement Act. To hold oversight hearings on the con­ 4200 Dirksen Building posed Federal Highway Improvement Act. dition of the banking system. Veterans' Affairs 5302 Dirksen Building To mark up S. 364, to provide for judi­ 4200 Dirksen Building 10:00 a.m. Foreign Relations cial review of administrative decisions Foreign Assistance Subcommittee Appropriations promulgated by the VA, and to allow To hold hearings on FY 79 authorizations veterans full access to legal counsel in BUD-Independent Agencies Subcom­ for security assistance programs. proceedings before the VA, and S. 2384, mittee 4221 Dirksen Building the Veterans and Survivors Income To continue hearings on budget esti­ Security Act. mates for FY 79 for the National APRIL 4 412 Russell Building Science Foundation and Office of 10:00 a.m. 10:00 a .m. Science and Technology Policy. Appropriations Appropriations 1318 Dirksen Building Interior Subcommittee Foreign Operations Subcommittee Commerce, Science, and Transportation To hold hearings on budget estimates To resume hearings on budget estimates Merchant Marine and Tourism Subcom­ for FY 79 for the Bureau of Indian for FY 79 for foreign aid programs. mittee Affairs. S-128, Capitol To hold hearings on S. 2158, to permit 1114 Dirksen Building Appropriations the storing of foreign-caught shark Appropriations BUD-Independent Agencies Subcommit­ fins at U.S. foreign trade zones for Treasury, Postal Service, and General tee eventual exportation to foreign coun­ Government Subcommittee To hold hearings on budget estimates tries. To resume hearings on budget estimates for FY 79 for the National Science 235 Russell 'Building for FY 79 for the Department of the Foundation. 2:00p.m. Treasury, Postal Service, and General 1318 Dirksen Building Appropriations Government items, and on supple­ Appropriations mental appropriations for FY 78. Treasury, Postal Service, and General Gov­ · S-126, Capitol Interior Subcommittee ernment Subcommittee To hold hearings on budget estimates To hold hearings on budget estimates Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs for FY 79 for the Bureau of Land for FY 79 for the GSA, and on sup­ To continue oversight hearings on the Management. plemental appropriations for FY 78. condition of the banking system. 1114 Dirksen Building 1224 Dirksen Building 5302 Dirksen Building 2:00 p.m. Appropriations MARCH 23 Transportation Subcommitee 9:00a.m. Appropriations To hold hearings on budget estimates Treasury, Postal Service, and General for FY 79 for the Federal Highway Human Resources Government Subcommittee Administration. To continue hearings on S. 2084, the To continue hearings on budget esti­ S-126, Capitol Administration's proposed welfare re­ mates for FY 79 for the Department form legislation. of the Treasury, Postal Service, and Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Until 12:30 p.m. 4232 Dirksen Building International Finance Subcommittee General Government items, and on To continue hearings on FY 79 au­ 9:30a.m. supplemental appropriations for FY thorizations for the Export-Import Environment and Public Works 78. Bank. Transportation Subco'11Illittee S-126, Capitol 5302 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on the status of APRIL 5 Foreign Relations proposed construction of a Federal In­ 10:00 a.m. Foreign Assistance Subcommittee terstate Highway near Memphis Ten­ Appropriations To resume hearings on S. 2420, proposed nessee. Transportation Subcommittee International Development Coopera- Room to be announced To hold hearings on budget estimates 4268 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 2.~ , 1978 for FY 79 for the Federal Aviation Ad­ 10:00 a .m. APRIL 20 m inist ration. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 10:00 a .m . 1224 Dirksen Building To continue hearings to consider there­ Appropriations Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs est ablishment o! housing goals and HUD Independent Agencies Subcommittee To hold hearings on budget estimates for International Finance Subcommittee proposed extension o! existing hous­ To hold hearings on U.S. programs and ing programs. FY 79 for NASA. facilities designed to increase U.S. ex­ 5302 Dirksen Building 1318 Dirksen Building ports. APRIL 12 Select Indian Affairs 5302 Dirksen Building 9 :30a.m. To resume hearings on S. 2375, to est ab­ Select Indian Affairs Environment and Public Works lish guidelines to be followed by the To hold oversight hearings on the cur­ Transportation Subcommittee Department of the Interior in response rent status of the reorganization of To mark up proposed Federal Aid high­ to petitioning Indian tribes seeking the Bureau of Indian Affairs. way legislation. an acknowledgement of a Federal re­ 318 Russell Building 4200 Dirksen Building lationship. 10:30 a .m . Human Resources 318 Russell Bullding Veterans' Affairs Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ APRIL 21 To hold hearings to receive legislative mittee 10 :00 a.m. recommendations from AM-VETS To continue hearings on S. 2040, pro­ Appropriations Paralyzed Veterans of America, and posed Comprehensive Drug Amend­ HUD Independent Agencies Subcommittee To continue hearings on budget esti­ Veterans of World War I. ments Act. Until 1:00 p.m. 6226 Dirksen Building Until 12:30 p .m . 4232 Dirksen Building mates for FY 79 for NASA. 1318 Dirksen Building APRIL 6 10 :00 a.m. Appropriations APRIL 24 9 :30a.m. 10:00 a.m. Commerce, Science, and Transportation Transportation Subcommittee To hold hearings in budget estimates Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Science, Technology, and Space Subcom­ for FY 79 for the Federal Railroad To hold oversight hearings on monetary mittee Administration. policy. To resume oversight hearings on the 1224 Dirksen Building 5302 Dirksen BuUding National Bureau of Standards. APRIL 25 235 Russell Building Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 10 :00 a.m: To continue hearings to consider there­ 10 :00 a .m . establishment of housing goals and Appropriations Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs proposed extension of existing housing To continue oversight hearings on mone­ Interior Subcommittee programs. tary policy. To hold hearings on budget estimates 5302 Dirksen Building 5302 Dirksen Bullding for FY 79 for the Geological Survey. 1114 Dirksen Building Select Indian Affairs APRIL 26 To resume oversight hearings on the cur­ 10 :00 a.m. Appropriations rent status of the reorganization of Transportation Subcommittee Appropriations the Bureau of Indian Affairs. HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee To hold hearings on budget estimates 1202 Dirksen Building for FY 79 for the National Railroad To hold hearings on budget estimates for APRIL 13 FY 79 for the Federal Home Loan Bank Passenger Corporation (AMTRAK). 10 :00 a.m. 1224 Dirksen Bullding Board and the National Institute of Appropriations Building Sciences. APRIL 7 HUD Independent Agencies Subcommittee 1318 Dirksen Bullding 11 :00 a.m. To hold hearings on budget estimates for Appropriations Appropriations FY 79 for HUD. Transportation Subcommittee HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee 1318 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on budget estimates for To hold hearings on budget estimates APRIL 14 FY 79 for ConRail and the U.S. Rail­ for FY 79 for the Office of Revenue 10 :00 a.m. road Association. Sharing, and New York City Seasonal Appropriations 1224 Dirksen Bullding Financing Fund, Department of the HUD Independent Agencies Subcommittee 2:00p.m. Treasury. To continue hearings on budget esti­ Appropriations 1318 Dirksen Building mates for FY 79 for HUD. Transportation Subcommittee APRIL 10 1318 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on budget estimates !or 9 :30a.m. APRIL 17 FY 79 National Transportation Safety 9:30a.m. Board and the ICC. Human Resources 1224 Dirksen Building Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ Environment and Public Works MAY 2 mittee Transportation Subcommittee To hold hearings on authorizations !or To resume mark up of proposed Federal 10 :00 a .m. FY 79 for the National Science Foun­ aid highway legislation. Appropriations dation. 4200 Dirksen Building Transportation Subcommittee Until 12:30 p.m. 4232 Dirksen Building APRIL 18 To hold hearings on budget estimates for 10 :00 a.m. FY 79 for the Office of the Secretary, 10 :00 a.m. DOT. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 1224 Dirksen Building To hold hearings to consider the re­ International Finance Subcommittee To hold hearings on the competitiveness MAY 17 establishment o! housing goals and 10:00 a .m . proposed extension o! existing hous­ of high technology U.S. exports in ing programs. world markets and the potential ad­ Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 5302 Dirksen Building verse impact on exports from declining International Finance Subcommittee research and development expenditures To hold hearings in connection with re­ APRIL 11 by the U.S. Government and industry. strictions employed by foreign coun · 9:00a.m. 5302 Dirksen Bullding tries to hold down imports of U.S. Judiciary Select Indian Affairs goods. Improvements in Judiciary Machinery To hold hearings on S. 2375, to establish 5302 Dirksen Bullding Subcommittee guidelines to be followed by the De­ CANCELLATIONS To hold hearings on S. 2253, to encour­ partment of the Interior in response FEBRUARY 27 age prompt, informal, and inexpensive to petitioning Indian tribes seeking 9 :00a.m. resolution o! civil cases by use of arbi­ an acknowledgement of a Federal re­ Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs tration in U.S. district courts. lationship. 2228 Dirksen Building International Finance Subcommittee 5110 Dirksen Bullding To resume oversight hearings on U.S. 9 :30a.m. APRIL 19 export policy. Human Resources 10:00 a.m. 6226 Dirksen Building Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ Approprtations 10:00 a .m. mittee Transports.tion Subcommittee Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To resume hearings on S. 2040, proposed To hold hearings on budget estimates for To hold oversight hearings on the 1m­ Comprehensive Drug Amendments FY 79 for the Urban Mass Transporta­ pact of building codes on housing Ac1. tion Administration. rehabllltatlon. Until 12 :30 p.m. 4232 Dirksen Building 1224 Dirksen Building 5302 Dirksen Building