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2019 Icar Program & Abstracts Book
Hosted by the International Society for Antiviral Research (ISAR) ND International Conference 32on Antiviral Research (ICAR) Baltimore MARYLAND PROGRAM and USA Hyatt Regency BALTIMORE ABSTRACTS May 12-15 2019 ND TABLE OF International Conference CONTENTS 32on Antiviral Research (ICAR) Daily Schedule . .3 Organization . 4 Contributors . 5 Keynotes & Networking . 6 Schedule at a Glance . 7 ISAR Awardees . 10 The 2019 Chu Family Foundation Scholarship Awardees . 15 Speaker Biographies . 17 Program Schedule . .25 Posters . 37 Abstracts . 53 Author Index . 130 PROGRAM and ABSTRACTS of the 32nd International Conference on Antiviral Research (ICAR) 2 ND DAILY International Conference SCHEDULE 32on Antiviral Research (ICAR) SUNDAY, MAY 12, 2019 › Women in Science Roundtable › Welcome and Keynote Lectures › Antonín Holý Memorial Award Lecture › Influenza Symposium › Opening Reception MONDAY, MAY 13, 2019 › Women in Science Award Lecture › Emerging Virus Symposium › Short Presentations 1 › Poster Session 1 › Retrovirus Symposium › ISAR Award of Excellence Presentation › PechaKucha Event with Introduction of First Time Attendees TUESDAY, MAY 14, 2019 › What’s New in Antiviral Research 1 › Short Presentations 2 & 3 › ISAR Award for Outstanding Contributions to the Society Presentation › Career Development Panel › William Prusoff Young Investigator Award Lecture › Medicinal Chemistry Symposium › Poster Session 2 › Networking Reception WEDNESDAY, MAY 15, 2019 › Gertrude Elion Memorial Award Lecture › What’s New in Antiviral Research 2 › Shotgun Oral -
How Severe and Prevalent Are Ebola and Marburg Viruses?
Nyakarahuka et al. BMC Infectious Diseases (2016) 16:708 DOI 10.1186/s12879-016-2045-6 RESEARCHARTICLE Open Access How severe and prevalent are Ebola and Marburg viruses? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the case fatality rates and seroprevalence Luke Nyakarahuka1,2,5* , Clovice Kankya2, Randi Krontveit3, Benjamin Mayer4, Frank N. Mwiine2, Julius Lutwama5 and Eystein Skjerve1 Abstract Background: Ebola and Marburg virus diseases are said to occur at a low prevalence, but are very severe diseases with high lethalities. The fatality rates reported in different outbreaks ranged from 24–100%. In addition, sero-surveys conducted have shown different seropositivity for both Ebola and Marburg viruses. We aimed to use a meta-analysis approach to estimate the case fatality and seroprevalence rates of these filoviruses, providing vital information for epidemic response and preparedness in countries affected by these diseases. Methods: Published literature was retrieved through a search of databases. Articles were included if they reported number of deaths, cases, and seropositivity. We further cross-referenced with ministries of health, WHO and CDC databases. The effect size was proportion represented by case fatality rate (CFR) and seroprevalence. Analysis was done using the metaprop command in STATA. Results: The weighted average CFR of Ebola virus disease was estimated to be 65.0% [95% CI (54.0–76.0%), I2 = 97.98%] whereas that of Marburg virus disease was 53.8% (26.5–80.0%, I2 = 88.6%). The overall seroprevalence of Ebola virus was 8.0% (5.0%–11.0%, I2 = 98.7%), whereas that for Marburg virus was 1.2% (0.5–2.0%, I2 = 94.8%). -
Development of an Antibody Cocktail for Treatment of Sudan Virus Infection
Development of an antibody cocktail for treatment of Sudan virus infection Andrew S. Herberta,b, Jeffery W. Froudea,1, Ramon A. Ortiza, Ana I. Kuehnea, Danielle E. Doroskya, Russell R. Bakkena, Samantha E. Zaka,b, Nicole M. Josleyna,b, Konstantin Musiychukc, R. Mark Jonesc, Brian Greenc, Stephen J. Streatfieldc, Anna Z. Wecd,2, Natasha Bohorovae, Ognian Bohorove, Do H. Kime, Michael H. Paulye, Jesus Velascoe, Kevin J. Whaleye, Spencer W. Stoniera,b,3, Zachary A. Bornholdte, Kartik Chandrand, Larry Zeitline, Darryl Sampeyf, Vidadi Yusibovc,4, and John M. Dyea,5 aVirology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702; bThe Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, WA 98402; cFraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, DE 19711; dDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461; eMapp Biopharmaceutical, Inc., San Diego, CA 92121; and fBioFactura, Inc., Frederick, MD 21701 Edited by Y. Kawaoka, University of Wisconsin–Madison/University of Tokyo, Madison, WI, and approved December 30, 2019 (received for review August 28, 2019) Antibody-based therapies are a promising treatment option for antibody-based immunotherapies. Subsequently, several indepen- managing ebolavirus infections. Several Ebola virus (EBOV)-specific dent groups reported the postexposure efficacy of monoclonal and, more recently, pan-ebolavirus antibody cocktails have been antibody (mAb)-based immunotherapies against EVD in ma- described. Here, we report the development and assessment of a caques when administered as mixtures of two or more mAbs (14–17). Sudan virus (SUDV)-specific antibody cocktail. We produced a panel These landmark studies demonstrated that combination mAb- of SUDV glycoprotein (GP)-specific human chimeric monoclonal based immunotherapies are a viable treatment option for EVD antibodies (mAbs) using both plant and mammalian expression and spurred therapeutic antibody development for filoviruses. -
Understanding Ebola
Understanding Ebola With the arrival of Ebola in the United States, it's very easy to develop fears that the outbreak that has occurred in Africa will suddenly take shape in your state and local community. It's important to remember that unless you come in direct contact with someone who is infected with the disease, you and your family will remain safe. State and government agencies have been making preparations to address isolated cases of infection and stop the spread of the disease as soon as it has been positively identified. Every day, the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is monitoring developments, testing for suspected cases and safeguarding our lives with updates on events and the distribution of educational resources. Learning more about Ebola and understanding how it's contracted and spread will help you put aside irrational concerns and control any fears you might have about Ebola severely impacting your life. Use the resources below to help keep yourself calm and focused during this unfortunate time. Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Ebola hemorrhagic fever (Ebola HF) is one of numerous Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers. It is a severe, often fatal disease in humans and nonhuman primates (such as monkeys, gorillas, and chimpanzees). Ebola HF is caused by infection with a virus of the family Filoviridae, genus Ebolavirus. When infection occurs, symptoms usually begin abruptly. The first Ebolavirus species was discovered in 1976 in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo near the Ebola River. Since then, outbreaks have appeared sporadically. There are five identified subspecies of Ebolavirus. -
Principais Métodos De Diagnóstico E Tratamento Da Doença Causada Pelo Vírus Ebola
Revista Ciencia & Inovação - FAM - V.5, N.1 - JUN - 2020 PRINCIPAIS MÉTODOS DE DIAGNÓSTICO E TRATAMENTO DA DOENÇA CAUSADA PELO VÍRUS EBOLA Jaqueline Pereira Fernandes Patricia Ucelli Simioni Graduada de Biomedicina, Faculdade de Americana (FAM) Bióloga, mestre e doutora em Imunologia, [email protected] Faculdade de Americana, [email protected] Monna Abdel Latif Elaine Cristina Berro Graduada de Biomedicina, Faculdade de Americana (FAM) Engenheira Ambiental, especialista em Microbiologia, [email protected] Faculdade de americana (FAM), [email protected] Leila Ugrinovich Bióloga, mestre e doutora em Microbiologia, Faculdade de Americana, [email protected] RESUMO ABSTRACT Ebola é uma doença grave causada pelo Ebola vírus, Ebola is a serious disease caused by the Ebola virus da família Filoviridae, que apresenta altos índices of the Filoviridae family has high mortality rates. Bat, de mortalidade. Animais como morcego, chimpanzé chimpanzee and monkey may be hosts of the virus. e macaco podem ser hospedeiros do vírus. O The diagnosis is only made by specialized laboratories, diagnóstico adequado é feito apenas em laboratórios based on the isolation of viral RNA. However, especializados, a partir do isolamento do RNA viral. current diagnostic methodologies include real-time Entretanto, metodologias atuais de diagnóstico incluem polymerase chain reaction (PRC) and assessment reação de polimerase em cadeia (PRC) em tempo real of immunoglobulins (Ig) M and G Currently available e avaliação de imunoglobulinas (Ig) M e G As terapias therapies are palliative. New therapies are already disponíveis atualmente são paliativas. Novas terapias já being tested in humans and promise advances in the estão em fase de testes em seres humanos e prometem treatment of the disease, although their safety and avanços no tratamento da doença, embora ainda não effectiveness have not yet been proven. -
Experience of Ebola Virus Disease in the Province of North Kivu and Ituri (DR Congo) and the Importance of Early Diagnosis
Open Access Library Journal 2020, Volume 7, e6135 ISSN Online: 2333-9721 ISSN Print: 2333-9705 Problem of the Management of Haemorrhagic Fevers: Experience of Ebola Virus Disease in the Province of North Kivu and Ituri (DR Congo) and the Importance of Early Diagnosis Criss Koba Mjumbe1,2*, Isabelle Kasongo Omba1, Benjamain Kabyla Ilunga1, Oscar Luboya Nuymbi1 1Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo 2Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Joseph Polyclinic/GCM, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo How to cite this paper: Koba Mjumbe, C., Abstract Kasongo Omba, I., Kabyla Ilunga, B. and Luboya Nuymbi, O. (2020) Problem of the Ebola is a serious, often fatal disease with a fatality rate of up to 90%. The Management of Haemorrhagic Fevers: short-term objective of this letter to the listeners is to make known the signs Experience of Ebola Virus Disease in the of the Ebola virus to the population and to promote the early diagnosis in our Province of North Kivu and Ituri (DR Congo) and the Importance of Early environment. We applied an observation of the cases of the Ebola epidemic in Diagnosis. Open Access Library Journal, 7: our environment. It is not always possible to quickly identify patients with e6135. Ebola virus disease. For this reason, it is important that health workers apply https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1106135 the usual precautions to all patients, regardless of diagnosis, in any profes- Received: February 3, 2020 sional practice and at any time. With the support of the Congolese govern- Accepted: March 3, 2020 ment and several other organizations, the Congolese government is expected Published: March 6, 2020 to launch a program of mass awareness and vaccination against the Ebola vi- rus. -
Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak in North Kivu and Ituri Provinces, Democratic Republic of the Congo – Second Update
RAPID RISK ASSESSMENT Ebola virus disease outbreak in North Kivu and Ituri Provinces, Democratic Republic of the Congo – second update 21 December 2018 Main conclusions As of 16 December 2018, the Ministry of Health of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has reported 539 Ebola virus disease (EVD) cases, including 48 probable and 491 confirmed cases. This epidemic in the provinces of North Kivu and Ituri is the largest outbreak of EVD recorded in DRC and the second largest worldwide. A total of 315 deaths occurred during the reporting period. As of 16 December 2018, 52 healthcare workers (50 confirmed and two probable) have been reported among the confirmed cases, and of these 17 have died. As of 10 December 2018, the overall case fatality rate was 58%. Since mid-October, an average of around 30 new cases has been reported every week, with 14 health zones reporting confirmed cases in the past 21 days. This trend shows that the outbreak is continuing across geographically dispersed areas. Although the transmission intensity has decreased in Beni, the outbreak is continuing in Butembo city, and new clusters are emerging in the surrounding health zones. A geographical extension of the outbreak (within the country and to neighbouring countries) cannot be excluded as it is unlikely that it will be controlled in the near future. Despite significant achievements, the implementation of response measures remains problematic because of the prolonged humanitarian crisis in North Kivu province, the unstable security situation arising from a complex armed conflict and the mistrust of affected communities in response activities. -
Current Status of the Biology, Pathogenesis, and Impacts of Ebola
CURRENT STATUS OF THE BIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS, AND IMPACTS OF EBOLA VIRUS A Paper Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the North Dakota State University of Agriculture and Applied Science By Dalal Alamri In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Major Department: Microbiological Sciences March 2021 Fargo, North Dakota North Dakota State University Graduate School Title CURRENT STATUS OF THE BIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS, AND IMPACTS OF EBOLA VIRUS By Dalal Alamri The Supervisory Committee certifies that this disquisition complies with North Dakota State University’s regulations and meets the accepted standards for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: Sheela Ramamoorthy Chair Sangita Sinha Brett Webb Approved: April 16, 2021 John McEvoy Date Department Chair ABSTRACT Ebola viruses (EV) are single-stranded negative-sense RNA viruses belonging to the Filoviridae family. There are 6 species of Ebola, and four of them can cause Ebola virus disease (EVD) in humans. Ebola viral hemorrhagic fever is one of the deadliest diseases known to infect humans and non-human primates. The primary mode of transmission of Ebola has been identified as direct contact with infected animals, humans and body fluids. The early diagnosis of EVD is difficult because of similarities of the initial disease presentation to influenza-like symptoms such as high fever, myalgia, fatigue, headache, and chills. The most common symptoms that have been reported from previous outbreaks were fever, sore throat, abdominal pain, vomiting, bleeding, diarrhea, and chest pain. Several methods have been used to detect Ebola such as ELISA, conventional RT-PCR, and real-time RT-PCR. -
Papier Mtase Ebola HAL.Pdf
The C-Terminal Domain of the Sudan Ebolavirus L Protein Is Essential for RNA Binding and Methylation Coralie Valle, Baptiste Martin, Françoise Debart, Jean-Jacques Vasseur, Isabelle Imbert, Bruno Canard, Bruno Coutard, Etienne Decroly To cite this version: Coralie Valle, Baptiste Martin, Françoise Debart, Jean-Jacques Vasseur, Isabelle Imbert, et al.. The C-Terminal Domain of the Sudan Ebolavirus L Protein Is Essential for RNA Binding and Methylation. Journal of Virology, American Society for Microbiology, 2020, 94 (12), pp.e00520-20. 10.1128/JVI.00520-20. hal-02890587 HAL Id: hal-02890587 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02890587 Submitted on 20 Nov 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 1 The C-Terminal Domain of the Sudan Ebolavirus L Protein Is 2 Essential for RNA Binding and Methylation 3 Coralie Valle1#, Baptiste Martin1#, Françoise Debart2, Jean-Jacques Vasseur2, Isabelle Imbert1, Bruno 4 Canard1, Bruno Coutard3 & Etienne Decroly1* 5 1AFMB, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, UMR 7257, Case 925, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288 6 -
Filovirus Surveillance in Sierra Leone Developing Interventions Before Spillover
FILOVIRUS SURVEILLANCE IN SIERRA LEONE DEVELOPING INTERVENTIONS BEFORE SPILLOVER The West Africa Ebola epidemic of 2014-2016 was the largest Ebola outbreak to date, with over 28,000 infections and 11,000 deaths reported in Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia. While the events leading to the first infection are not entirely known, ecological and behavioral research conducted at the initial outbreak site suggests that the first known infection was likely the result of contact with bats. The West Africa Ebola epidemic demonstrated the urgent need to identify the wildlife reservoir of Ebola (widely thought to be bats) and to understand the ways in which humans come into contact with these bats. Following the epidemic, PREDICT launched the Ebola Host Project (EHP) to conduct Ebola virus surveillance in livestock and wildlife in the three West African countries most affected by the outbreak. In 2018, EHP found a novel species of ebolavirus (Bombali ebolavirus) in Bombali, Sierra Leone in two species of insect-eating bats that were roosting in people’s homes. Later, EHP of associated virus surveillance efforts. In particular, also identified Marburg virus, a highly lethal filovirus of we conducted interviews and focus groups in two central and southern Africa, in Sierra Leone in the fruit communities that had frequent contact with bats in bats in the districts Koinadugu, Kono, and Moyamba. Bombali. By studying the knowledge, beliefs, and practices This was the first time either of these viruses has of these individuals, we were able to understand the been found in Sierra Leone; and, through PREDICT’s contexts, motivations, and behaviors that may expose EHP surveillance, both were identified before a known individuals to diseases from livestock and wildlife. -
CDC Fact Sheet Ebola Virus Disease
Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is a rare and deadly disease most commonly affecting people and nonhuman primates (monkeys, gorillas, chimpanzees). There are six known species of viruses within the genus Ebolavirus: Ebola virus (Zaire ebolavirus), Sudan virus (Sudan ebolavirus), Taï Forest virus (Taï Forest ebolavirus, formerly Cote d’Ivoire ebolavirus), Bundibugyo virus (Bundibugyo ebolavirus), Reston virus (Reston ebolavirus,) and Bombali virus (Bombali ebolavirus). Of these, only four are known to cause disease in people (Ebola, Sudan, Taï Forest, and Bundibugyo viruses). Reston virus is known to cause disease in nonhuman primates and pigs, but not in people. It is unknown if Bombali virus, which was recently identified in bats, causes disease in either animals or people. Ebola virus was first discovered in 1976 near the Ebola River in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Since then, outbreaks have occurred sporadically in Africa. The natural reservoir host of Ebola viruses remains unknown. However, based on the nature of similar viruses, experts think the virus is animal-borne, with bats being the most likely reservoir. Transmission How the virus first infects a person at the start of an outbreak is not known. However, experts think the first patient becomes infected through contact with an infected animal such as a fruit bat or nonhuman primate. People can be infected with the Ebola virus through direct contact (like touching) with: • Blood or body fluids (urine, saliva, sweat, feces, vomit, breast milk, semen) of a person who is sick with or has died from EVD • Objects (such as clothes, bedding, needles, and syringes) contaminated with body fluids from a person sick with EVD or a body of a person who died from EVD • Blood or body fluids of infected fruit bats or nonhuman primates such as apes and monkeys • Semen from a man who recovered from EVD (through oral, vaginal, or anal sex) Ebola virus CANNOT spread to others when a person has no signs or symptoms of EVD. -
The Role of Cytokines and Chemokines in Filovirus Infection
Review The Role of Cytokines and Chemokines in Filovirus Infection Sandra L. Bixler * and Arthur J. Goff Received: 1 September 2015 ; Accepted: 14 October 2015 ; Published: 23 October 2015 Academic Editor: Jens H. Kuhn United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-301-619-3014; Fax: +1-301-619-2290 Abstract: Ebola- and marburgviruses are highly pathogenic filoviruses and causative agents of viral hemorrhagic fever. Filovirus disease is characterized by a dysregulated immune response, severe organ damage, and coagulation abnormalities. This includes modulation of cytokines, signaling mediators that regulate various components of the immune system as well as other biological processes. Here we examine the role of cytokines in filovirus infection, with an emphasis on understanding how these molecules affect development of the antiviral immune response and influence pathology. These proteins may present targets for immune modulation by therapeutic agents and vaccines in an effort to boost the natural immune response to infection and/or reduce immunopathology. Keywords: Filovirus; Ebola; Marburg; cytokine; chemokine; immunopathology 1. Introduction 1.1. Filoviruses Filoviruses are approximately 80 nm in diameter and are filamentous in shape. The 19 kb genome is composed of a single linear non-segmented negative-sense RNA that encodes 7 genes: nucleoprotein (NP), the polymerase cofactor VP35, the matrix proteins VP40 and VP24, glycoprotein (GP), the transcription activator VP30, and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L). The family Filoviridae, which is composed of a group of enveloped, negative-sense ssRNA viruses, is divided into three genera: Ebolavirus, Marburgvirus, and Cuevavirus [1].