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Lithuania Country Handbook 1

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Lithuania Country Handbook 1 Lithuania Country Handbook 1. This handbook provides basic reference information on Lithuania, including its geography, history, government, military forces, and communications and transportation networks. This information is intended to familiarize military per- sonnel with local customs and area knowledge to assist them during their assignment to Lithuania. 2. This product is published under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Defense Intelligence Production Program (DoDIPP) with the Marine Corps Intel- ligence Activity designated as the community coordinator for the Country Hand- book Program. This product reflects the coordinated U.S. Defense Intelligence Community position on Luthuania. 3. Dissemination and use of this publication is restricted to official military and government personnel from the United States of America, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, NATO member countries, and other countries as required and designated for support of coalition operations. 4. The photos and text reproduced herein have been extracted solely for research, comment, and information reporting, and are intended for fair use by designated personnel in their official duties, including local reproduction for train- ing. Further dissemination of copyrighted material contained in this document, to include excerpts and graphics, is strictly prohibited under Title 17, U.S. Code. CONTENTS KEY FACTS. 1 U.S. MISSION . 2 U.S. Embassy. 2 Travel Advisories. 2 Entry Requirements . 2 Passport/Visa Requirements . 2 Customs Restrictions . 3 GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE . 3 Geography . 3 Boundaries . 4 Border Disputes . 5 Bodies of Water. 5 Topography . 5 Land Statistics. 7 Climate. 7 Environment . 7 Cross-Country Movement. 10 TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATION . 10 Transportation . 10 Roads . 11 Rail . 11 Air . 13 Maritime . 14 Merchant Marine. 15 Communication . 15 Radio and Television. 15 Telephone and Telegraph . 16 iii Contents (Continued) Newspapers and Magazines . 16 Postal Services . 17 Internet Access . 17 CULTURE . 17 Population Patterns . 21 Education and Literacy Rates . 22 Religion . 22 Recreation . 22 Food and Diet . 23 Customs . 25 Greetings. 25 Gestures . 25 Dress . 25 Visiting . 26 Cultural Considerations . 26 MEDICAL ASSESSMENT . 26 Disease Risks to Deployed Personnel . 26 Food- or Waterborne Diseases . 27 Vectorborne Diseases . 27 Soil-contact Diseases . 27 Sexually Transmitted and/or Bloodborne Diseases . 28 Water-contact Diseases . 28 Respiratory Diseases. 28 Animal-contact Diseases. 29 Medical Capabilities . 29 Key Medical Facilities . 30 HISTORY . 31 Chronology . 33 GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS . 34 Government . 34 National Level. 35 iv Contents (Continued) Key Government Officials . 37 Local Government . 37 Politics . 39 Suffrage. 39 Political Parties . 39 Foreign Relations . 40 ECONOMY . 44 Statistics. 44 Industry, Manufacturing and Agriculture . 44 Natural Resources . 45 Utilities . 45 Outlook . 46 THREAT. 46 Crime . 46 Drug Trafficking . 47 ARMED FORCES . 47 Defense Organization . 47 Defense Treaties . 48 Strategy . 48 Personnel . 49 Key Military Personnel. 49 Army . 49 Organization . 49 Disposition . 51 Equipment. 51 Navy. 52 Organization . 52 Disposition . 53 Equipment. 54 Air Force . 54 v Contents (Continued) Organization . 54 Disposition . ..
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