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Christina Brandherm-Laukötter Zwischen Konflikt Und Verständigung

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Christina Brandherm-Laukötter Zwischen Konflikt Und Verständigung =ZLVFKHQ.RQðLNWXQG9HUVW¨QGLJXQJ 6SLHOUHJHOQLQWHUNXOWXUHOOHU.RPPXQLNDWLRQLP3UR]HVVGHU,QWHJUDWLRQ 6NDQGLQDYLHQVLQGDVFKULVWOLFKH(XURSD Ø-DKUKXQGHUW Christina Brandherm-Laukötter Mittlere Geschichte Zwischen Konflikt und Verständigung Spielregeln interkultureller Kommunikation im Prozess der Integration Skandinaviens in das christliche Europa (9.–11. Jahrhundert) Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Philosophischen Fakultät der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität zu Münster (Westf.) vorgelegt von Christina Brandherm-Laukötter aus Rheda-Wiedenbrück 2012 Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 11. Oktober 2012 Dekan der Philosophischen Fakultät: Prof. Dr. Christian Pietsch Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Gerd Althoff Zweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. Wolfram Drews Christina Brandherm-Laukötter Zwischen Konflikt und Verständigung Wissenschaftliche Schriften der WWU Münster Reihe X Band 20 Christina Brandherm-Laukötter Zwischen Konflikt und Verständigung Spielregeln interkultureller Kommunikation im Prozess der Integration Skandinaviens in das christliche Europa (9.–11. Jahrhundert) Wissenschaftliche Schriften der WWU Münster herausgegeben von der Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Münster http://www.ulb.uni-muenster.de Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek: Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. Dieses Buch steht gleichzeitig in einer elektronischen Version über den Publikations- und Archivierungsserver der WWU Münster zur Verfügung. http://www.ulb.uni-muenster.de/wissenschaftliche-schriften Christina Brandherm-Laukötter „Zwischen Konflikt und Verständigung. Spielregeln interkultureller Kommunikation im Prozess der Integration Skandinaviens in das christliche Europa (9.–11. Jahrhundert)“ Wissenschaftliche Schriften der WWU Münster, Reihe X, Band 20 © 2015 der vorliegenden Ausgabe: Die Reihe „Wissenschaftliche Schriften der WWU Münster“ erscheint im Verlagshaus Monsenstein und Vannerdat OHG Münster www.mv-wissenschaft.com Dieses Werk ist unter der Creative-Commons-Lizenz vom Typ 'CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 DE' lizenziert: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/de/ ISBN 978-3-8405-0106-7 (Druckausgabe) URN urn:nbn:de:hbz: 6-01379456380 (elektronische Version) direkt zur Online-Version: © 2015 Christina Brandherm-Laukötter Alle Rechte vorbehalten Satz: Christina Brandherm-Laukötter Titelbild: Inguar the Dane: Scene, sending Messenger to demand Submission of Edmund of England / Alexis Master, Bury St. Edmunds, England, ca. 1130 Pierpont Morgan Library. MS M.736, fol. 10v. © The Morgan Library & Museum, New York Umschlag: MV-Verlag Druck und Bindung: MV-Verlag Vorwort Die vorliegende Arbeit entstand im Rahmen meiner wissenschaftlichen Tä- tigkeit am Lehrstuhl für Mittelalterliche Geschichte an der Westfälischen Wil- helms-Universität zu Münster. Sie wurde im Sommersemester 2012 vom Fa- kultätsrat der Philosophischen Fakultät der WWU als Dissertation angenom- men. Viele Personen haben auf vielfältige Weise dazu beigetragen, dass dieses Buch entstehen konnte; ihnen allen gebührt mein Dank. An erster Stelle möchte ich meinem Doktorvater, Herrn Prof. Dr. Gerd Althoff, danken, der mich durch viele Vorlesungen, Kurse und Seminare für die Mittelalterliche Geschichte be- geistert hat und an dessen Lehrstuhl ich bereits während meines Studiums als Studentische Hilfskraft Erfahrungen im Wissenschaftsbetrieb sammeln durfte. Dass ich nach bestandenem Magister und Staatsexamen als Wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin meine berufliche Heimat an seinem Lehrstuhl behalten konnte, hat die Entstehung der vorliegenden Arbeit ermöglicht. Für diese langjährige Unterstützung, das in mich gesetzte Vertrauen, den mir gewährten Freiraum beim Konzipieren und Schreiben der Dissertation, anregende fachliche Diskus- sionen und ein stets offenes Ohr für alle Ideen, Pläne und Fragen bedanke ich mich ganz herzlich. Ebenfalls danke ich Herrn Prof. Dr. Wolfram Drews für die Erstellung des Zweitgutachtens und Herrn Prof. Dr. Tomas Tomasek für seine Tätigkeit als Nebenfachprüfer im Rahmen der Disputatio sowie für den Funken, der meine Begeisterung für das Mittelalter zu Beginn meiner Studienzeit entfacht hat und für meine erste Hilfskraftstelle am Lehrstuhl für Mittelalterliche deutsche Lite- ratur an der WWU, dessen Mitarbeitern und fachlichem Gegenstand ich mich immer verbunden fühlen werde. Ein herzlicher Dank gebührt weiterhin meinen ehemaligen Kolleginnen und Kollegen am Historischen Seminar für die wunderbare Arbeitsatmosphäre und die gute Zusammenarbeit, insbesondere Katrin Beyer, Stefanie Mamsch und Oliver Daldrup für die gemeinsame Doktorandenzeit, Claudia Garnier, Christi- an Scholl, Torben Gebhardt, Jan Clauss und Tobias Hoffmann für beste Nach- barschaft, Arbeitszimmergenossenschaft und lebhafte Diskussionen sowie Eve- lyn Bernholt und Katharina Michelson im Lehrstuhlsekretariat für ihre Herz- lichkeit und Hilfsbereitschaft. Der größte Dank gebührt meiner Familie. Von ganzem Herzen danke ich meinen Eltern Peter und Elisabeth Brandherm für ihre vorbehaltlose Unterstüt- zung in jeglicher Hinsicht, meinem Mann Sebastian für Geduld, Rückhalt, Zu- spruch und vieles mehr und unserem Sohn Lionel. Münster, im Juli 2014 Christina Brandherm-Laukötter Inhalt I. Einleitung..................................................................................................1 1. Thema und Fragestellung............................................................................ 1 2. Quellenlage ................................................................................................... 9 3. Forschungslage ........................................................................................... 11 4. Aufbau und Gliederung............................................................................. 16 II. Begriffliche und theoretische Vorüberlegungen ...............................21 1. Der Europabegriff...................................................................................... 21 2. Interkulturelle Kommunikation ............................................................... 31 3. Der Spielregel-Begriff ................................................................................ 39 III. Politische und diplomatische Kontakte ............................................47 1. Kommunikation im Konflikt – Akte der Eskalation .............................. 47 1.1. Spott und Hohn als Mittel der konfliktverschärfenden Kommunikation ........................................................................................... 47 1.2. Sakrilege – gezielter Bruch der christlichen Normen? ......................... 55 1.3. Tötung und Misshandlung von Gesandten und Gefangenen................ 63 2. Kommunikation der Verständigung ........................................................ 77 2.1. Die Rolle von Gesandtschaften für die Kontaktaufnahme ................... 77 2.2. Rituale des Friedensschlusses............................................................... 97 2.3. Die Herstellung (pseudo-)verwandtschaftlicher Beziehungen ........... 114 2.4. Indienstnahme und Belehnung als Mittel der Integration in den Personenverband........................................................................................ 183 3. Die Rolle „kultureller Grenzgänger“ in Konflikt und Verständigung .............................................................................................. 205 3.1. „Europäisierte“ Skandinavier als Vermittler und Berater................... 205 3.2. Kollaboration „abtrünniger“ Christen mit den Wikingern ................. 216 4. Zwischenfazit............................................................................................ 227 IV. Kontakte bei missionarischen Aktivitäten......................................231 1. Mission als Konfliktherd: Konfrontative Missionspraktiken und pagane Reaktion........................................................................................... 231 1.1. Störung paganer Rituale und Missachtung paganer Regeln im Rahmen der Tatmission ............................................................................. 231 1.2. Gewalttätiger Umgang mit Missionaren............................................. 250 2. Diplomatische Missionsstrategien .......................................................... 282 2.1. Strategien zur Bildung und Erhaltung sozialer Netzwerke................. 282 2.2. Gottesurteile, Machtproben und christliche Prachtentfaltung ............ 299 3. Die Rolle „kultureller Grenzgänger“ beim Religionswechsel.............. 323 4. Zwischenfazit............................................................................................ 330 V. Der innergesellschaftliche Umgang mit divergenten Spielregeln im Prozess der Christianisierung Skandinaviens ............................ 337 1. Legitimationsprobleme christianisierter Herrscher im vorchristlichen Skandinavien...................................................................... 337 1.1. Sakrales Königtum und herrscherliche Pflichten ............................... 337 1.2. Hakon der Gute in Norwegen............................................................. 351 1.3. Olaf Skötkonung und Inge I. in Schweden......................................... 366 2. Religiöser Pluralismus als empfundene Bedrohung des gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhalts.............................................................. 383 2.1. Gesellschaftliche Probleme religiöser „Außenseiter“ in Skandinavien.............................................................................................
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