DOCSLIB.ORG

1963 UN Yearbook

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
1963 UN Yearbook STRUCTURE OF THE UNITED NATIONS 711 sion) : Australia, Belgium, China, Colombia, Ecua- Assembly's seventeenth session: Luis Padilla Nervo dor, France, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Haiti, (Mexico), Victor Andrés Belaúnde (Peru) and India, Jordan, Madagascar, Netherlands, Pakistan, Frederick H. Boland (Ireland)); and the Chairman Poland, Romania, Sudan, USSR, United Kingdom, of the delegation of Tunisia. United States. * The Committee agreed that delegations were en- The Committee did not meet in 1963. titled to appoint alternates. This Committee ceased its existence with the sub- COMMISSION ON PERMANENT SOVEREIGNTY mission of its report to the General Assembly's eight- OVER NATURAL SOURCES eenth (1963) session. Members: Afghanistan, Chile, Guatemala, Nether- lands, Philippines, Sweden, USSR, United Arab SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL Republic, United States. LAW CONCERNING FRIENDLY RELATIONS AND CO-OPERATION AMONG STATES The Commission did not meet in 1963. Members: Afghanistan, Argentina, Australia, Came- roon, Canada, Czechoslovakia, Dahomey, France, AD HOC COMMITTEE ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE Ghana, Guatemala, India, Italy, Japan, Lebanon, METHODS OF WORK OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY Madagascar, Mexico, Netherlands, Nigeria, Poland, Members:* The President of the General Assembly's Romania, Sweden, USSR, United Arab Republic, seventeenth session (Muhammad Zafrulla Khan United Kingdom, United States, Venezuela, Yugo- (Pakistan)) ; the 13 Vice-Presidents of the General slavia. Assembly's seventeenth session (the Chairmen of the delegations of Australia, Belgium, China, Co- SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO lombia, France, Guinea, Haiti, Jordan, Madagascar, PROMOTE THE TEACHING, STUDY, DISSEMINATION AND Romania, USSR, United Kingdom, United States) ; WIDER APPRECIATION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW the three Past Presidents of General Assembly who Members: Afghanistan, Belgium, Ecuador, Ghana, were serving as members of the delegations to Hungary, Ireland. THE SECURITY COUNCIL The Security Council consists of 11 Members of the PRESIDENTS IN 1963 United Nations. Five are permanent members of the The Presidency of the Council rotates monthly, ac- Council. The remaining six are non-permanent mem- cording to the English alphabet listing of its member bers, elected for two-year terms by the General States. The following served as Presidents during Assembly. 1963: Permanent Members: China, France, USSR, United Month Member Kingdom, United States. Representative January United States Adlai E. Stevenson Non-Permanent Members: Brazil, Ghana, Morocco, Norway, Philippines, Venezuela. February Venezuela Carlos Sosa Rodríguez March Brazil Geraldo de Carvalho Silos On 18 October and 1 November 1963, the General April China Liu Chieh Assembly elected Bolivia, Czechoslovakia and Ivory May France Roger Seydoux Coast to the Council for terms of office beginning on June Ghana Alex Quaison-Sackey 1 January 1964. Bolivia and Ivory Coast were elected July Morocco Ahmed Taibi Benhima for two-year terms ending 31 December 1965, replac- August Norway Sivert A. Nielsen ing Venezuela and Ghana, whose regular terms expired September Philippines Jacinto Castel Borja on 31 December 1963. Czechoslovakia was elected October USSR N. T. Fedorenko from 1 January-31 December 1964, replacing the November United Kingdom Sir Patrick Dean Philippines, whose term of office ended on 31 Decem- December United States Adlai E. Stevenson ber 1963 in accordance with an arrangement an- nounced by the President of the General Assembly MILITARY STAFF COMMITTEE in 1961. The President of the Assembly announced on 1 November 1963 that an understanding had been The Military Staff Committee met fortnightly reached whereby Malaysia would complete the term throughout 1963. The first meeting of the year was of office of Czechoslovakia in 1965. held on 10 January 1963 and the last on 24 December (For representatives to the Council in 1962, see 1963. APPENDIX V.) China. Army Representative: Lieutenant-General Lu Fu-ning. Navy Representative: Rear Admiral Chang MEMBERS FOR 1964 Hsiangchi. Air Force Representative: General Wang Permanent Members: China, France, USSR, United Shu-ming. Kingdom, United States. France. Army Representative: Général de Brigade J. Non-Permanent Members: Bolivia, Brazil, Czechoslo- Compagnon. Navy Representative: Contre Amiral vakia, Ivory Coast, Morocco, Norway. J. Guérin (until 24 September 1963), Contre Ami-.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • North Africa
    •:• >* *» % * ' North Africa TUNISIA HE period under review (July 1, 1956, through June 30, 1957) saw TTunisia's achievement of full independence, in accordance with the protocol signed in Paris on March 20, 1956, between the governments of France and Tunisia. During 1955-56 it was noted that the foreign consulates which had previously existed in Tunisia had been raised to embassies or legations. During 1956-57 various countries which had not been represented in Tunisia under the protectorate established embassies or legations. These included Belgium, the German Federal Republic, Portugal, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Libya, and Morocco. Tunisia added embassies in Italy, Spain, Saudi Arabia, and the German Federal Republic to those—in France, the United States, Great Britain, Egypt, Morocco, and Libya—which it had established before July 1956. After the suspension of French economic aid, discussed below, Tunisia sought to develop commercial agreements with other countries. An agreement with Yugoslavia was signed on June 19, 1957, and negotiations with Egypt, the Soviet Union, and Bulgaria were on the verge of producing agreements in the fall of 1957. At its session of July 26, 1956, the United Nations (UN) Security Council unanimously adopted a French motion proposing Tunisia's admission to the UN. This was also unanimously approved by the General Assembly in its session of November 12, 1956. Tunisia further consolidated her independence by establishing an army, securing the partial evacuation of French troops (still garrisoned in certain zones), and Tunisianizing the courts, the civil service, and the radio and television stations. Numerous foreign personalities, including United States Vice President Richard M.
    [Show full text]
  • 9781496222152.Pdf
    Empire and Catastrophe France Overseas: Studies in Empire and Decolonization Series editors: A. J. B. Johnston, James D. Le Sueur, and Tyler Stovall Regeneration through Empire: French Pronatalists and Colonial Suspects: Suspicion, Imperial Rule, and Colonial Colonial Settlement in the Third Republic Society in Interwar French West Africa Margaret Cook Andersen Kathleen Keller To Hell and Back: The Life of Samira Bellil Apostle of Empire: The Jesuits and New France Samira Bellil Bronwen McShea Translated by Lucy R. McNair French Mediterraneans: Transnational and Introduction by Alec G. Hargreaves Imperial Histories Colonial Metropolis: The Urban Grounds of Anti- Edited and with an introduction by Patricia M. E. Lorcin Imperialism and Feminism in Interwar Paris and Todd Shepard Jennifer Anne Boittin The Cult of the Modern: Trans-Mediterranean France and Paradise Destroyed: Catastrophe and Citizenship in the the Construction of French Modernity French Caribbean Gavin Murray-Miller Christopher M. Church Cinema in an Age of Terror: North Africa, Victimization, Nomad’s Land: Pastoralism and French Environmental and Colonial History Policy in the Nineteenth-Century Mediterranean World Michael F. O’Riley Andrea E. Duffy Medical Imperialism in French North Africa: Regenerating The French Navy and the Seven Years’ War the Jewish Community of Colonial Tunis Jonathan R. Dull Richard C. Parks I, Nadia, Wife of a Terrorist Making the Voyageur World: Travelers and Traders in the Baya Gacemi North American Fur Trade Transnational Spaces and Identities in the Carolyn Podruchny Francophone World A Workman Is Worthy of His Meat: Food and Edited by Hafid Gafaïti, Patricia M. E. Lorcin, and David Colonialism in Gabon G.
    [Show full text]
  • Thant to Send Representative to Study Needs of Refug~ S
    University of Nebraska at Omaha DigitalCommons@UNO Kabul Times Digitized Newspaper Archives 7-3-1967 Kabul Times (July 3, 1967, vol. 6, no. 85) Bakhtar News Agency Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/kabultimes Part of the International and Area Studies Commons Recommended Citation Bakhtar News Agency, "Kabul Times (July 3, 1967, vol. 6, no. 85)" (1967). Kabul Times. 1534. https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/kabultimes/1534 This Newspaper is brought to you for free and open access by the Digitized Newspaper Archives at DigitalCommons@UNO. It has been accepted for inclusion in Kabul Times by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. , \ PAGE 4 THE KABUL: ',rIMES' ~_T~~.fJer~J~~C~e~ue ·'\~leAl'g~ap.,.\VeeltlI\Re~i~w: J M fi Id n· I l ,,"t. ,: ,.' , ~r~~1II page~~~ans~ld a lello!~:ent 'Thi i; TbFft~In ~tl~ted '~~Ij~~'t~. ~tl SriJati~n' ~D~~i~ ~~'N ~wS f The lace 01 3 year old Marie \'las most spec'actJlar of her .ubsequent _, Events Iii the M1ddli! Ea.t and the By Waklbedb. " Whlle the biggest neWs of the badly cut A phy.lctan said she marriages was '0 slrong man Mlc- KABUlJ July 2, (AnJs) -The activities 01 the United NaUons Ge ment in reiatd to recent evenlS l~wC!'k In Afghanistan concerned the might require plastic surgery MI key Hnr.gJtay former j Mr Universe' polIce Bre now Virtually certain that herat Assembly were the maM topIcs the Middle East and !Is views on Mluche East Important domestic 'kel Jr had a fractured arm Zo whom she wed 10 January t058 Mohammad Hussin, 32, IS solely ot news In AfihanJstan as In moat the way lhe criSIS should be solved eVents took place In the country 11 u~:~, tan recently recovered from a maul They divorced five years later responSible (or the theft of six $10 other co~les of the world The He told the world body that the can sel! -.
    [Show full text]
  • France and the Struggle to Overcome the Cold War Order, 1963-1968
    Untying the Gaullian Knot: France and the Struggle to Overcome the Cold War Order, 1963-1968 Garret Joseph Martin London School of Economics and Political Science PhD International History / UMI Number: U221606 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U221606 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Abstract On 14 January 1963, French President General Charles de Gaulle shook the Western world. During a press conference, he announced that France was not only vetoing the British application to join the European Economic Community, but that it was also rejecting US President John F. Kennedy’s proposal to integrate the French nuclear force defrappe into the Multilateral Force. In the aftermath of the Algerian War, De Gaulle’s spectacular double non was meant to signal the shift to a more ambitious diplomatic agenda, which centred on the twin aims of recapturing France’s Great Power status, and striving to overcome the Cold War bipolar order. In the next five years, France placed itself at the forefront of international affairs through a series of bold initiatives that affected all areas of the world.
    [Show full text]
  • The Challenge of Guinean Independence, 1958-1971
    THE CHALLENGE OF GUINEAN INDEPENDENCE, 1958-1971 by Mairi Stewart MacDonald A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of History University of Toronto © Copyright by Mairi Stewart MacDonald, 2009 THE CHALLENGE OF GUINEAN INDEPENDENCE, 1958-1971 Doctor of Philosophy, 2009 Mairi Stewart MacDonald Graduate Department of History, University of Toronto Abstract Since the end of French colonial rule in Guinea, “independence” has held a central place in its political culture. Implying both dignity and self-determination for the sovereign people which possesses it, independence is a concept that has meaning only in relation to other nation-states and cultures. Yet the political elite that dominated Guinea’s First Republic constructed a new national culture around this concept. The Challenge of Guinean Independence, 1958-1971 examines Guinea’s assertion of its right to independence and the response of powerful Western players, especially the United States and France, as Guinea challenged their assumptions about the nature of African sovereignty. Considering the history of the international relations of a single African state that enjoyed limited international power and prestige challenges conventions in the historiography of both Africa and international relations. It illuminates and contextualizes expectations concerning the meaning of modernity, African sovereignty as a matter of international law, and the end of formal colonial rule coinciding with the tensions and competitions of the Cold War. The study demonstrates that the international context played a crucial role, both in conditioning the timing and form of decolonization and in shaping the international community’s adaptation of colonial patterns of economic and political interaction to the new reality of African nation-states.
    [Show full text]
  • "Developments in Tunisia," AJC Paris Office Memorandum
    R COPY The American Jewish Committee May 5, 1956 MEMORANDUM TO: New York Office FROM: Paris Office SUBJ: Developments in Tunisia We have just returned from a visit to Tunisia. The decision to go there was prompted by two developments of extreme importance, following closely upon each other. On April 13 the first national assembly in Tunisia adopted the first three articles of the Tunisian constitution. Article 1 proclaimed that "the religion of Tunisia is Islamic and its language Arabic." Article 3 "guarantees liberty of conscience and assures the protection of the practice of religion, within the framework of the law." On April 22 Dr. Sadok Mokkadem, special envoy of the Tunisian government in the Middle East, declared in Damascus that "Tunisia, united with the other Arab countries by race, religion and language, will adhere to the Arab League and participate in all activities undertaken by it on the international level in favor of Arabism and Islamism." Mokkadem further said that "Tunisia will align itself on the side of the Arab countries in the Palestinian ques- tion because Zionism represents one of the aspects of imperialism." The next day the Tunisian Minister of Information, comment- ing on Dr. Mokkadem's statement, stressed Tunisia's ties to the Moslem world and declared that Israel was a state founded on injustice; but did not specifically contradict or affirm Dr. Mokkadem's declaration that Tunisia would join the Arab League. Immediately upon our arrival in Tunis we contacted Jewish community leaders, spoke with ordinary Jewish men and women in all walks of life, and--after agreement with the heads of the community—arranged for meetings with all important ministers in the Tunisian cabinet.
    [Show full text]
  • [ 1966 ] Appendices
    APPENDIX I ROSTER OF THE UNITED NATIONS (As at 31 December 1966) DATE OF ADMIS- DATE OF ADMIS- MEMBER SION TO U.N. MEMBER SION TO U.N. Afghanistan 19 Nov. 1946 Hungary 14 Dec. 1955 Albania 14 Dec. 1955 Iceland 19 Nov. 1946 Algeria 8 Oct. 1962 India 30 Oct. 1945 Argentina 24 Oct. 1945 Indonesia1 28 Sep. 1950 Australia 1 Nov. 1945 Iran 24 Oct. 1945 Austria 14 Dec. 1955 Iraq 21 Dec. 1945 Barbados 9 Dec. 1966 Ireland 14 Dec. 1955 Belgium 27 Dec. 1945 Israel 11 May. 1949 Bolivia 14 Nov. 1945 Italy 14 Dec. 1955 Botswana 17 Oct. 1966 Ivory Coast 20 Sep. 1960 Brazil 24 Oct. 1945 Jamaica 18 Sep. 1962 Bulgaria 14 Dec. 1955 Japan 18 Sep. 1956 Burma 19 Apr. 1948 Jordan 14 Dec. 1955 Burundi 18 Sep. 1962 Kenya 16 Dec. 1963 Byelorussian SSR 24 Oct. 1945 Kuwait 14 May 1963 Cambodia 14 Dec. 1955 Laos 14 Dec. 1955 Cameroon 20 Sep. 1960 Lebanon 24 Oct. 1945 Canada 9 Nov. 1945 Lesotho 17 Oct. 1966 Central African Republic 20 Sep. 1960 Liberia 2 Nov. 1945 Ceylon 14 Dec. 1955 Libya 14 Dec. 1955 Chad 20 Sep. 1960 Luxembourg 24 Oct. 1945 Chile 24 Oct. 1945 Madagascar 20 Sep. 1960 China 24 Oct. 1945 Malawi 1 Dec. 1964 Colombia 5 Nov. 1945 Malaysia2 17 Sep. 1957 Congo (Brazzaville) 20 Sep. 1960 Maldive Islands 21 Sep. 1965 Congo, Democratic Mali 28 Sep. 1960 Republic of the 20 Sep. 1960 Malta 1 Dec. 1964 Costa Rica 2 Nov. 1945 Mauritania 27 Oct. 1961 Cuba 24 Oct.
    [Show full text]
  • 1957AJYB Ben Youssef
    Political Changes in 1956 The Expulsion of Tahar Ben Youssef from Neo-Destour Retrieved on February 15, 2010, from http://www.ajcarchives.org/ajcarchive/ from the Archives of the American Jewish Year Book AJYB 1957 (p342-344) TUNISIA Political and Economic Background During the period under review (July 1, 1955, through June 30, 1956) Tunisia passed from local autonomy to a de jure status of independence, whose precise meaning was in dispute with France. The situation at the end of June 1956 remained confused pending further negotiations between the two countries. Political developments moved with startling rapidity. On June 3, 1955, the Franco-Tunisian conventions according internal sovereignty to Tunisia were signed and submitted to the French parliament. They were ratified by the National Assembly on July 6 by a vote of 538 to 44, with 29 abstentions. On August 4, the Council of the Republic approved them 253 to 26. Eight months later, on March 20, 1956, an accord was reached whereby France recognized the independence of Tunisia. It provided: 1. The Treaty of Bardo signed between France and Tunisia on May 12, 1881, would no longer govern the relations between the two countries. 2. Articles of the conventions of June 3, 1955, incompatible with the new status of Tunisia as an independent and sovereign state would be modified or abrogated. 3. Tunisia received the right to conduct its foreign affairs, its security, and its defense, and to establish its own army. Both countries agreed to define the future ties of "interdependence" and to cooperate in the areas where their interests coincided, notably defense and foreign affairs.
    [Show full text]
  • Volumes IX, X, XI
    UN Secretariat Item Scan - Barcode - Record Title Pa9e 26 Dafe 08/06/2006 Time 11:11:50 AM S-0864-0004-05-00001 Expanded Number S-0864-0004-05-00001 Title items-in-Public relations files - luncheons, dinners and receptions - Volumes IX, X, XI Dafe Created 12/01/1967 Record Type Archival Item Container s-0864-0004: Public Relations Files of the Secretary-General: U Thant Print Name of Person Submit Image Signature of Person Submit o S| o• I 00 93 I * FILE NO. ACTION WUCDF246 PR ASA 138 PD AS SAN FRANCISCO CALIF 19 PDT THEHONORABLE U THANT, SECY GENL j U N NYK -.,,,.,,.-_, I WISH TO EXPRESS TO YOU MY SINCERE APPRECIATION FOR THE COURTESY AND HOSPITALITY ¥ITH WHICH YOU RECEIVED ME IN NEW YORK STOP WITH- MANY THANKS AND BEST WISHES YEN CHIA KAN VICE PRESIDENT AND PRIME MINISTER OF THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA, 930P EDT, -} ~ cr '-• 3" CO LUNCHEON given in honour of His Excellency MR. YEN CHIA-KAN VICE-PRESIDENT AND PRIME MINISTER OF THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA by the SECRETARY-GENERAL on Monday, 15 May 1967 at the UNITED NATIONS HEADQUARTERS MENU UAspic de Foie Gras aux Truffes Le Carre de Veau Roti Judic Les Laitues Braisees Les Pommes Fondantes Les Asperges Fraiches Vinaigrette Le Gateau Saint-Honore Les Friandises Protocol and Liaison Luncheon given by the Secretary-General on 15 May 196? Mr. Rolz-Bennett Mr. Dao Dr. Hoo Dr. Bunche H.E. Mr. Chow H.E. Mr. Shen H.E. Mr. Goldberg H.E. Mr. Corner H.E. Mr. Liu H.E.
    [Show full text]
  • Volumes VI, VII, VIII
    UN Secretariat Item Scan - Barcode - Record Title Page 19 Date 08/06/2006 Time 11:11:49 AM S-0864-0003-05-00001 Expanded Number S-0864-0003-05-00001 Title items-in-Public relations files - luncheons, dinners and receptions - Volumes VI, VII, VIII Date Created 01/02/1965 Record Type Archival Item Container s-0864-0003: Public Relations Files of the Secretary-General: U Thant Print Name of Person Submit Image Signature of Person Submit H H OJ, CO H O K Luncheon given by the Secretary-General 1 February 1965 Mr. Dobell x Mr. Stavropoulos Dr. Bunche H.3. M. Seydoux H.E. Mr. Enckell H.E. Mr. Quaison-Sackey Madame Faure Mrs. Kennedy 3£ The Secretary-General H.E. M. Faure Madame Seydoux H.E. Mr. Stevenson Mr. Dean M. de Seynes x Mr. Owen Mr. Rolz-Bennett I XERO I XERO I XERO COPY : COPY COPY P'->'^ F-:^ SG luncheon for H.E. Mr. Edgar Jean Faure - Monday, 1 February 1965, 1.15 p.m., $8th floor Jufc/ff H.E. Mr. Edgar Jean Faure and Madame Faure H.E. M. Roger Seydoux and Madame Seydoux H.E. Mr. Ralph Enckell H.E. Mr. Alex Quaison-Sackey H.E. Mr. Adlai E. Stevenson Mrs. Jacqueline Kennedy Mr. Arthur Dean Mr. Peter C. Dobell The Secretary-General Dr. Ralph J. Bunche Mr. Philippe de Seynes Mr. David Owen Mr. Jose Rolz-Bennett Mr. C. A. Stavropoulos 16 48 WALL. STREET NEW YORK 5 January 29, 1965 His Excellency U Thant, Secretary-General of the United Nations, United Nations Plaza, Hew York, N.Y.
    [Show full text]
  • French Policy Towards Tunisia and Morocco: the International Dimensions of Decolonisation, 1950-1956
    University of London FRENCH POLICY TOWARDS TUNISIA AND MOROCCO: THE INTERNATIONAL DIMENSIONS OF DECOLONISATION, 1950-1956 Ryo Ikeda London School of Economics and Political Science Department of International Relations A thesis submitted to the University of London for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in International History UMI Number: U2151B8 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U215138 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 I hcsc^ r 3 ^ 314. Library British Library of Political and Economic Science \ 2l 7- S37? Abstract FRENCH POLICY TOWARDS TUNISIA AND MOROCCO: THE INTERNATIONAL DIMENSIONS OF DECOLONISATION, 1950-1956 This thesis deals with French decolonisation policy towards Tunisia and Morocco and international impacts on the decolonisation process. It is very important to deal with the two countries at the same time, because nationalist movements in each country and French policy responses were closely related. So far, research on French decolonisation has examined the reason why France was forced to retreat from their overseas territories and indicated that nationalist and international pressures largely contributed to this process.
    [Show full text]
  • NATO Intervention: from West Africa to the Borders of the Near East
    The question of ‘out-of-area’ NATO intervention: from West Africa to the borders of the Near East Source: Martins, Véronica. The question of ‘out-of-area’ NATO intervention: from West Africa to the borders of the Near East. Translation CVCE. Copyright: (c) CVCE.EU by UNI.LU All rights of reproduction, of public communication, of adaptation, of distribution or of dissemination via Internet, internal network or any other means are strictly reserved in all countries. Consult the legal notice and the terms and conditions of use regarding this site. URL: http://www.cvce.eu/obj/the_question_of_out_of_area_nato_intervention_from_west _africa_to_the_borders_of_the_near_east-en-4c42d88e-8aca-4cca-a562- 6f156dd5bb8e.html Last updated: 27/10/2016 1/8 The question of ‘out-of-area’ NATO intervention: from West Africa to the borders of the Near East ‘[R]esolved to unite their efforts for collective defence and for the preservation of peace and security’, the United States, France, the United Kingdom and nine other founder members established the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) by the Washington Treaty of 4 April 1949. Among other purposes, the organisation was required to supply mutual and joint assistance to its contracting parties when they were threatened with attack by a third party.[1] Its area of operation, laid down in Article 6 of the Treaty, was defined by reference to the territories of the Member States: it chiefly concerned western Europe and North America, also covering the French territories and departments south of the Mediterranean, the territory of Turkey and the islands under the jurisdiction of any Party in the North Atlantic area north of the Tropic of Cancer.
    [Show full text]