DOCSLIB.ORG

Nuove Scoperte Nella Melid Neo-Hittita 

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Nuove Scoperte Nella Melid Neo-Hittita  Acc. Sc. Torino Quaderni, 28 (2017), 105-122, 10 Þ gg. ©,0(5&2/('Î'(//¶$&&$'(0,$ª 1XRYHVFRSHUWHQHOOD0HOLGQHRKLWWLWD 0ൺඋංඈ/ංඏൾඋൺඇං 5LDVVXQWR Dopo quarant’anni di interruzione, la Missione Archeologica della Sapienza Università di Roma ha ripreso lo scavo dell’area nord del- la collina di Arslantepe, antica Melid, presso l’odierna città di Malatya, in Turchia orientale. La lunga interruzione era dovuta alla necessità di concentrare le risorse nello scavo delle fasi più antiche: i complessi mo- numentali del Tardo Calcolitico e Tardo Uruk (IV mill. a.C.) e la sequenza completa dell’Antico Bronzo (III mill. a.C.). Si tratta di un ritorno alle origini dello scavo di Arslantepe «La collina del leone » così denominata dal leone in pietra, parte della porta della cittadella, che emergeva in super Þ cie. Il progetto della nostra ripresa ha dunque un duplice inten- to: dare alla Porta dei Leoni un contesto topogra Þ co e stratigra Þ co che tuttora le manca; e poi scendere ai livelli inferiori, per colmare il lungo periodo intercorso tra la distruzione della Porta Imperiale e la costruzio- ne della Porta dei Leoni. La campagna del 2008 ha raggiunto il primo scopo: ora sappiamo dunque che la Porta dei Leoni fu costruita alla Þ ne del IX secolo e distrutta alla Þ ne dell’VIII (appunto da Sargon II). La campagna del 2009 ha a ৼ rontato il secondo problema, scendendo al di sotto del salone a pilastri, rimuovendone una fase precedente, incon- trando poi insediamenti di squatters istallati sul rudere del grande muro di cinta post-imperiale, bruciato da un colossale incendio. Servirà ancora un'altra campagna per raggiungere il livello alla base del muro di cinta, conservato per quasi quattro metri di altezza. Ma già ora abbiamo dati storicamente importanti: dopo la Þ ne dell’impero hittita, la vicenda della città non è da ricostruire (come fatto Þ nora) nel segno della continui- tà, bensì nel segno della discontinuità, con crisi e distruzioni, abbandoni quasi totali, vicende turbolente, prima di arrivare alla grande ripresa della metà del IX secolo. In questo modo l'antica Melid si inserisce nella generale vicenda del Levante nella prima età del ferro, vicenda di una lenta ricostituzione delle strutture urbane e statali che erano entrate in crisi con la Þ ne dell'età del Tardo Bronzo e il crollo dell’impero hittita. $FFDGHPLDGHOOH6FLHQ]HGL7RULQRSURIHVVRUHHPHULWRJLjRUGLQDULRGL6WRULDGHO9LFLQR 2ULHQWHDQWLFRQHOOD6DSLHQ]D8QLYHUVLWjGL5RPD(PDLOPOLYHU#PFOLQNLW&RQIHUHQ]DWH QXWDLOIHEEUDLRWHVWRULYLVWRQHOO¶DSULOH Mario Liverani )LJ/DFROOLQDGL$UVODQWHSHYHGXWDGDOO¶HOLFRWWHUR )LJ$UVODQWHSHOD©3RUWDGHL/HRQLªSLDQWDGL/'HODSRUWH Nuove scoperte nella Melid neo-hittita 4XDOFXQRGLYRLIRUVHULFRUGHUjFKHLQXQSUHFHGHQWHLQWHUYHQWRLQTXH VWD VHGH QHO YL SDUODL GHOOH PLH ULFHUFKH VWRULFRDUFKHRORJLFKH QHO 6DKDUDOLELFRÊVWDWDTXHOODXQDEUHYHSDUHQWHVLQHOODPLDDWWLYLWjGLULFHUFD FKHULJXDUGDLQYHFHLO9LFLQR2ULHQWHHQRQLO6DKDUD8QDSDUHQWHVLGRYX WDDQHFHVVLWjRFFDVLRQDOLODJORULRVDPLVVLRQHGHOO¶8QLYHUVLWjGL5RPDQHO 6DKDUD OLELFR ULVFKLDYD OD ¿QH FRO SHQVLRQDPHQWR GHO VXR IRQGDWRUH H GL UHWWRUH )DEUL]LR 0RUL VH QRQ PH QH IRVVL SUHVR FXUD$൶GDWD SRL DSSHQD SRVVLELOH ODPLVVLRQHDPDQLSLDSSURSULDWHHSLJLRYDQLGHOOHPLH FLRqD TXHOOHGL6DYLQR'L/HUQLD VRQRWRUQDWRDRFFXSDUPLDWHPSRSLHQRGLDQWLFR 2ULHQWHHVRQRDQFKHWRUQDWRDOORVFDYRGL$UVODQWHSHSUHVVR0DODW\D O¶DQ WLFD0HOLG QHOOD7XUFKLDRULHQWDOHGRYHDYHYRJLjODYRUDWRSHUDQQL GDO DO LQWHUURPSHQGRODPLDSDUWHFLSD]LRQHDSSXQWRSHUSDVVDUH©LQ SUHVWLWRªDO6DKDUD6RQRJUDWRDOODSURI0DUFHOOD)UDQJLSDQHFKHGLULJHOR VFDYRGL$UVODQWHSHSHUDYHUPLD൶GDWRODULSUHVDGHOORVFDYRQHOO¶DUHDQRUG GHOODFROOLQDOjGRYHHPHUJRQRLUHVWLGHOSHULRGRQHRKLWWLWD )LJ 7HQJRD ULQJUD]LDUHODSURI)UDQJLSDQHQRQVRORSHUOD¿GXFLDPDDQFKHSHUODFRQWL QXDFRQVXOHQ]DLO'RWW)HGHULFR0DQXHOOLPLRFRPSDJQRG¶LPSUHVDHWXWWL FRORURFKHKDQQRFROODERUDWRLO'RWW$QGUHD5LFFLOD'RWW/XLVD%DUEDWR HLO'RWW&RUUDGR$OYDURFKHKDGLUHWWRLOODYRURWRSRJUD¿FRHVHJXLWRGDOOD 'RWW*LXOLD'H3HUVLLV /¶DUHDQRUGGHOODFROOLQDGL$UVODQWHSHHUDJLjVWDWDVFDYDWDGDOOD0LVVLRQH ,WDOLDQDQHJOLDQQL¶SULPDGLXQDOXQJDLQWHUUX]LRQH GLDQQLGDODO GRYXWDDOODQHFHVVLWjGLFRQFHQWUDUHOHULVRUVHXPDQHH¿QDQ]LDULHQHOOR VFDYRGHOOHIDVLSLDQWLFKHLFRPSOHVVLPRQXPHQWDOLGHO7DUGR&DOFROLWLFRH 7DUGR8UXN ,9PLOOD& FKHKDQQRUHVRLOVLWRFHOHEUHQHOPRQGRDUFKHRORJLFR LQWHUQD]LRQDOHHSRLODVHTXHQ]DFRPSOHWDGHOO¶$QWLFR%URQ]R ,,,PLOOD& FKH QRQKDO¶HJXDOHLQWXWWDODUHJLRQH 0DDQFKHODULSUHVDGHOORVFDYRGHOO¶DUHDQRUG VLSURVSHWWDGLJUDQGHLQWHUHVVH6LWUDWWDLQUHDOWjGLXQULWRUQRDOOHRULJLQLQHOOR VFDYRGL$UVODQWHSH©/DFROOLQDGHOOHRQHªFRVuGHQRPLQDWDGDOOHRQHLQSLHWUD HOHPHQWRGHFRUDWLYRQHOODSRUWDGHOODFLWWDGHOODFKHHPHUJHYDLQVXSHU¿FLH HFKHIXIRWRJUDIDWRIUDO¶DOWURQHOGDOODFHOHEUH*HUWUXGH%HOOLQYLDJ JLRYHUVROD0HVRSRWDPLD1HJOLDQQL¶GHOVHFRORVFRUVR/RXLV'HODSRUWH VFDYzDSSXQWR©/DSRUWHGHVOLRQVª FRPHHJOLLQWLWROzODSXEEOLFD]LRQHGHO PRQXPHQWR )LJ FKHSRLYHQQHWUDVSRUWDWDDO0XVHRGL$QNDUDGRYHDQ FRUDRJJLIXQJHGDLQJUHVVRPRQXPHQWDOHDOVDORQHFHQWUDOH6XOODEDVHGHOOR 0)UDQJLSDQH Arslantepe 0LODQR(DG Arslantepe. Cretulae 5RPD /'HODSRUWH Malatya I. La porte des lions 3DULVDQFKH,G La troisième campagne de fouilles à Malatya LQ©5HYXH+LWWLWHHW$VLDQLTXHªSS Mario Liverani )LJ$UVODQWHSHODSRUWDKLWWLWDLPSHULDOHIRWRHSLDQWD VRYUDSSRVWDDOOD©3RUWDGHL/HRQLª Nuove scoperte nella Melid neo-hittita VWLOHGHLULOLHYLVFROSLWLHGHOOHLVFUL]LRQLDOODSRUWDYHQQHDVVHJQDWDXQDGDWD PROWRDOWDDOOD¿QHGHO,,PLOOHQQLRD& 0DODSRUWDHUDDQFRUDLQXVRPH]]R PLOOHQQLRGRSRTXDQGR6DUJRQ,,GLVWUXVVHODFLWWjQHOD&HGDQFKHOD SRVL]LRQHVWUDWLJUD¿FD SXUFRQOHLPSUHFLVLRQLGLDOORUD QRQVHPEUDYDDVVH JQDUHDOPRQXPHQWRXQDGDWDFRVuDOWD,QL]LzGXQTXHODULFHUFDGLXQDSRUWD DQWHULRUHRGLXQDIDVHDQWHULRUHGHOODVWHVVDSRUWDGDOODTXDOHLULOLHYLIRVVH URVWDWLSUHOHYDWLSHUHVVHUHULXWLOL]]DWLLQTXHOODVFDYDWDGDO'HODSRUWH1HJOL DQQL¶ODFHUFzLQYDQR&ODXGH6FKDH൵HU LOIDPRVRVFDYDWRUHGL8JDULW PDQRQRVWDQWHOHHQRUPLHSURIRQGHWULQFHHGDOXLIDWWHDSULUHVXWXWWRLOVLWR DVSRUWDQGRVHQ]DULJXDUGRDOFXQRHGL¿FLDQFKHLPSRUWDQWLHSRLODVFLDQGRLO WXWWRLQHGLWR QRQODWURYz1HJOLDQQL¶TXDQGRLQL]LzDGRSHUDUHODPLV VLRQH LWDOLDQD GLUHWWD GD 6DOYDWRUH 3XJOLVL LQL]LDOPHQWH FRQ OD SUHVHQ]D GL 3LHUR0HULJJLFKHVSHUDYDGLWURYDUHLVFUL]LRQLKLWWLWHJHURJOL¿FKHPDFKHEHQ SUHVWRVLVFRUDJJLz 3DROR(PLOLR3HFRUHOODDSSURIRQGuORVFDYRHWURYzOD 3RUWD,PSHULDOH )LJ SURSULRVRWWRDGRYHHUDVWDWDOD3RUWDGHL/HRQL PD TXHVWD3RUWD,PSHULDOHHUDWURSSRDQWLFDHQRQDEEDVWDQ]DVSRJOLDWDSHUSRWHUOD LGHQWL¿FDUHFRQTXHOODGDFXLSURYHQLVVHURLULOLHYL ,OIDWWRqFKHWUDLOOLYHOORGHOOD3RUWD,PSHULDOHHTXHOORGHOOD3RUWDGHL /HRQLVLLQWHUSRQHLOOLYHOORFRUULVSRQGHQWHDGXQJURVVRPXURGLFLQWDLQPDW WRQLFUXGLVXEDVDPHQWRLQSLHWUDPXURFKHYHQQHSUHVXPLELOPHQWHPHVVRLQ OXFHJLjGDOOR6FKDH൵HUHFKHRUDqEHQYLVLELOH SHUXQDO]DWRGLTXDWWURPHWUL VXOSHQGLRGHOODFROOLQD4XHVWRPXURFKHYDD¿QLUHSURSULRVRSUDDOOD3RUWD ,PSHULDOH HGXQTXHSURSULRVRWWROD3RUWDGHL/HRQL GRYHYDDYHUHFHUWDPHQ WHDQFK¶HVVRXQDSRUWDSURSULRLQTXHOORVWHVVRSXQWRGRYHFRQYHUJRQRLGXH WUDWWLVXSHUVWLWLGHOPXUR4XHVWDSRUWDSHUzSURSULRSHUHVVHUHVWDWDVSRJOLDWD GHLVXRLODVWURQLLQSLHWUDVFROSLWLRHUDGHOWXWWRPDQFDQWHRSLSUREDELOPHQWH HUDLQWDQWRFDWWLYRVWDWRGLFRQVHUYD]LRQHFKHOR6FKDH൵HU FKHLQYHULWjVFD YDYDLQPRGRDVVDLVSLFFLRHGDSSURVVLPDWLYR QRQODLQGLYLGXz2YYLDPHQWH LO3HFRUHOODWURYzO¶DUHDJLjDVSRUWDWDGHOOR6FKDH൵HUHQRQSRWpFKHDQGDUSL VRWWRWURYDQGROD3RUWD,PSHULDOH ,OSURJHWWRGHOODQRVWUDULSUHVDQRQSRWHYDQRQWHQHUFRQWRGLTXHVWDVWRULD SUHJUHVVDGHOORVFDYRLQTXHOVHWWRUHHWHQWDUGLULVROYHUHLSUREOHPLULPDVWL LQVRVSHVRROWUHRYYLDPHQWHDSRUQHGLDOWULHQXRYL FRPHVHPSUHVXFFHGH ( $NXUJDO Remarques stylistiques sur les reliefs de Malatya ,VWDQEXO ,G Späthethitische Bildkunst $QNDUDSSDQFKH:2UWKPDQQ Untersuchungen zur späthethitischen Kunst %RQQ 3( 3HFRUHOOD Malatya III. Rapporto preliminare delle campagne 1963-1968. Il livello eteo imperiale e quelli neoetei 5RPDLQSUHFHGHQ]D63XJOLVLH30HULJJL Malatya I. Rapporto preliminare delle campagne 1961 e 1962 5RPD Mario Liverani )LJ$UVODQWHSHLOJUDQGHPXUREUXFLDWRGDHVW )LJ$UVODQWHSHJOLHGL¿FLGHOOLYHOORQHRKLWWLWDQHOODSLDQWDGHO'HODSRUWH Nuove scoperte nella Melid neo-hittita ,QWHUPLQLVFKHPDWLFLFLSURSRQHYDPRXQGXSOLFHLQWHQWR,OSULPRLQWHQWR HUDTXHOORGLGDUH¿QDOPHQWHDOOD3RUWDGHL/HRQLXQFRQWHVWRWRSRJUD¿FRH VWUDWLJUD¿FRSHUULFROORFDUODQHOWHPSRHQHOORVSD]LRLQPDQLHUDFRQFUHWD 'LFR©FRQWHVWRWRSRJUD¿FRªSHUFKpODSRUWDVLDSULYDVXXQJUDQGHSLD]]DOH ODVWULFDWR )LJ VXFXLVLD൵DFFLDYDQRHGL¿FLLPSRUWDQWLGHLTXDOLSLDFHUHE EHGHWHUPLQDUHIRUPDHIXQ]LRQHLO'HODSRUWHVFDYzO¶HGL¿FLRDGRYHVWGHOOD SRUWDPDODVXDWUDJLFDPRUWHQHOFDPSRGLFRQFHQWUDPHQWRQD]LVWDJOLLPSHGu GLSXEEOLFDUOR'LFRSRL©FRQWHVWRVWUDWLJUD¿FRªSHUFKpVHODVWUDWLJUD¿DGHOOD SRUWD q SHUVD SHU VHPSUH SHUz OR VFDYR GHJOL HGL¿FL DG HVVD DVVRFLDWL SXz IRUQLUH¿QDOPHQWHDOODSRUWDVWHVVDXQDGDWD]LRQHFKHDQFRUDPDQFD/RVWLOH GHL ULOLHYL VFROSLWL RYYLDPHQWH SXz GDWDUH O¶HGL¿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¿FDWUD OD¿QHGHO,;VHFRORHOD¿QHGHOO¶9,,,/DFDPSDJQDGHOKDD൵URQWDWR LOVHFRQGRSUREOHPDLQL]LDQGRDVFHQGHUHDOGLVRWWRGHOVDORQHDSLODVWULHUL PXRYHQGRDOFXQLGHLOLYHOOLSUHFHGHQWL6HUYLUjDQFRUDXQ¶DOWUDFDPSDJQDSHU UDJJLXQJHUHLOOLYHOORDOODEDVHGHOJUDQGHPXUREUXFLDWRPDJLjRUDDEELDPR GHLGDWLVWRULFDPHQWHLPSRUWDQWLSHUFRQ¿JXUDUHODVWRULDGHOOD0HOLGQHRKLW
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Rural Agricultural Economies and Military Provisioning at Roman Gordion (Central Turkey) Çakirlar, Canan; Marston, John
    University of Groningen Rural Agricultural Economies and Military Provisioning at Roman Gordion (Central Turkey) Çakirlar, Canan; Marston, John Published in: Environmental Archaeology DOI: 10.1080/14614103.2017.1385890 IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2019 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Çakirlar, C., & Marston, J. (2019). Rural Agricultural Economies and Military Provisioning at Roman Gordion (Central Turkey). Environmental Archaeology, 24(1), 91-105. https://doi.org/10.1080/14614103.2017.1385890 Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 25-09-2021 Environmental Archaeology The Journal of Human Palaeoecology ISSN: 1461-4103 (Print) 1749-6314 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/yenv20 Rural Agricultural Economies and Military Provisioning at Roman Gordion (Central Turkey) Canan Çakırlar & John M.
    [Show full text]
  • Tentative Lists Submitted by States Parties As of 15 April 2021, in Conformity with the Operational Guidelines
    World Heritage 44 COM WHC/21/44.COM/8A Paris, 4 June 2021 Original: English UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION CONVENTION CONCERNING THE PROTECTION OF THE WORLD CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE Extended forty-fourth session Fuzhou (China) / Online meeting 16 – 31 July 2021 Item 8 of the Provisional Agenda: Establishment of the World Heritage List and of the List of World Heritage in Danger 8A. Tentative Lists submitted by States Parties as of 15 April 2021, in conformity with the Operational Guidelines SUMMARY This document presents the Tentative Lists of all States Parties submitted in conformity with the Operational Guidelines as of 15 April 2021. • Annex 1 presents a full list of States Parties indicating the date of the most recent Tentative List submission. • Annex 2 presents new Tentative Lists (or additions to Tentative Lists) submitted by States Parties since 16 April 2019. • Annex 3 presents a list of all sites included in the Tentative Lists of the States Parties to the Convention, in alphabetical order. Draft Decision: 44 COM 8A, see point II I. EXAMINATION OF TENTATIVE LISTS 1. The World Heritage Convention provides that each State Party to the Convention shall submit to the World Heritage Committee an inventory of the cultural and natural sites situated within its territory, which it considers suitable for inscription on the World Heritage List, and which it intends to nominate during the following five to ten years. Over the years, the Committee has repeatedly confirmed the importance of these Lists, also known as Tentative Lists, for planning purposes, comparative analyses of nominations and for facilitating the undertaking of global and thematic studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Separating Fact from Fiction in the Aiolian Migration
    hesperia yy (2008) SEPARATING FACT Pages399-430 FROM FICTION IN THE AIOLIAN MIGRATION ABSTRACT Iron Age settlementsin the northeastAegean are usuallyattributed to Aioliancolonists who journeyed across the Aegean from mainland Greece. This articlereviews the literary accounts of the migration and presentsthe relevantarchaeological evidence, with a focuson newmaterial from Troy. No onearea played a dominantrole in colonizing Aiolis, nor is sucha widespread colonizationsupported by the archaeologicalrecord. But the aggressive promotionof migrationaccounts after the PersianWars provedmutually beneficialto bothsides of theAegean and justified the composition of the Delian League. Scholarlyassessments of habitation in thenortheast Aegean during the EarlyIron Age are remarkably consistent: most settlements are attributed toAiolian colonists who had journeyed across the Aegean from Thessaly, Boiotia,Akhaia, or a combinationof all three.1There is no uniformityin theancient sources that deal with the migration, although Orestes and his descendantsare named as theleaders in mostaccounts, and are credited withfounding colonies over a broadgeographic area, including Lesbos, Tenedos,the western and southerncoasts of theTroad, and theregion betweenthe bays of Adramyttion and Smyrna(Fig. 1). In otherwords, mainlandGreece has repeatedly been viewed as theagent responsible for 1. TroyIV, pp. 147-148,248-249; appendixgradually developed into a Mountjoy,Holt Parker,Gabe Pizzorno, Berard1959; Cook 1962,pp. 25-29; magisterialstudy that is includedhere Allison Sterrett,John Wallrodt, Mal- 1973,pp. 360-363;Vanschoonwinkel as a companionarticle (Parker 2008). colm Wiener, and the anonymous 1991,pp. 405-421; Tenger 1999, It is our hope that readersinterested in reviewersfor Hesperia. Most of trie pp. 121-126;Boardman 1999, pp. 23- the Aiolian migrationwill read both articlewas writtenin the Burnham 33; Fisher2000, pp.
    [Show full text]
  • Anatolian Crossroads: Achaemenid Seals from Sardis and Gordion Elspeth M
    31 Anatolian Crossroads: Achaemenid Seals from Sardis and Gordion Elspeth M. Dusinberre Seals can provide a unique entry into under- in one of the so-called “Greco-Persian” styles. standing ancient societies: used by individuals They were excavated from tombs of elite or offices for ratification, identification and Sardians. (2) The seals from Gordion, by con- ornamentation, they functioned simultane- trast, come in a wide variety of shapes and ously as official insignia and indicators of materials, including a fairly large number in personal taste. (1) The differences and simi- glass. A significant number were imported larities between the Achaemenid seals found from places far to the east, west and south. at the satrapal capital of Sardis and the large They exhibit a tremendous variety in artistic but second-tier city of Gordion are therefore style and imagery. Most of them were found especially interesting. This paper considers reused in post-Achaemenid domestic and the seals from Sardis and Gordion, exploring work contexts. (3) their shapes, sizes, materials, style, iconogra- The seals from Sardis demonstrate the phy and findspots. It situates them in their cohesion of the Achaemenid elite and the over- historical, political and geographic contexts whelming adoption of Achaemenid ideology to examine the Achaemenid Empire itself and at this satrapal capital. The lack of pre-Achae- the different ways in which Achaemenid hege- menid seals from Sardis and the preponder- mony affected different types of sites. ance of high-status ones in the Achaemenid period reiterate the importance of the Seals and society in Achaemenid administration at this satrapal Achaemenid Anatolia: headquarters.
    [Show full text]
  • From Small States to Universalism in the Pre-Islamic Near East
    REVOLUTIONIZING REVOLUTIONIZING Mark Altaweel and Andrea Squitieri and Andrea Mark Altaweel From Small States to Universalism in the Pre-Islamic Near East This book investigates the long-term continuity of large-scale states and empires, and its effect on the Near East’s social fabric, including the fundamental changes that occurred to major social institutions. Its geographical coverage spans, from east to west, modern- day Libya and Egypt to Central Asia, and from north to south, Anatolia to southern Arabia, incorporating modern-day Oman and Yemen. Its temporal coverage spans from the late eighth century BCE to the seventh century CE during the rise of Islam and collapse of the Sasanian Empire. The authors argue that the persistence of large states and empires starting in the eighth/ seventh centuries BCE, which continued for many centuries, led to new socio-political structures and institutions emerging in the Near East. The primary processes that enabled this emergence were large-scale and long-distance movements, or population migrations. These patterns of social developments are analysed under different aspects: settlement patterns, urban structure, material culture, trade, governance, language spread and religion, all pointing at population movement as the main catalyst for social change. This book’s argument Mark Altaweel is framed within a larger theoretical framework termed as ‘universalism’, a theory that explains WORLD A many of the social transformations that happened to societies in the Near East, starting from Andrea Squitieri the Neo-Assyrian period and continuing for centuries. Among other infl uences, the effects of these transformations are today manifested in modern languages, concepts of government, universal religions and monetized and globalized economies.
    [Show full text]
  • Apollonius of Pergaconics. Books One - Seven
    APOLLONIUS OF PERGACONICS. BOOKS ONE - SEVEN INTRODUCTION A. Apollonius at Perga Apollonius was born at Perga (Περγα) on the Southern coast of Asia Mi- nor, near the modern Turkish city of Bursa. Little is known about his life before he arrived in Alexandria, where he studied. Certain information about Apollonius’ life in Asia Minor can be obtained from his preface to Book 2 of Conics. The name “Apollonius”(Apollonius) means “devoted to Apollo”, similarly to “Artemius” or “Demetrius” meaning “devoted to Artemis or Demeter”. In the mentioned preface Apollonius writes to Eudemus of Pergamum that he sends him one of the books of Conics via his son also named Apollonius. The coincidence shows that this name was traditional in the family, and in all prob- ability Apollonius’ ancestors were priests of Apollo. Asia Minor during many centuries was for Indo-European tribes a bridge to Europe from their pre-fatherland south of the Caspian Sea. The Indo-European nation living in Asia Minor in 2nd and the beginning of the 1st millennia B.C. was usually called Hittites. Hittites are mentioned in the Bible and in Egyptian papyri. A military leader serving under the Biblical king David was the Hittite Uriah. His wife Bath- sheba, after his death, became the wife of king David and the mother of king Solomon. Hittites had a cuneiform writing analogous to the Babylonian one and hi- eroglyphs analogous to Egyptian ones. The Czech historian Bedrich Hrozny (1879-1952) who has deciphered Hittite cuneiform writing had established that the Hittite language belonged to the Western group of Indo-European languages [Hro].
    [Show full text]
  • Sculpture and Inscriptions from the Monumental Entrance to the Palatial Complex at Kerkenes DAĞ, Turkey Oi.Uchicago.Edu Ii
    oi.uchicago.edu i KERKENES SPECIAL STUDIES 1 SCULPTURE AND INSCRIPTIONS FROM THE MONUMENTAL ENTRANCE TO THE PALATIAL COMPLEX AT KERKENES DAĞ, TURKEY oi.uchicago.edu ii Overlooking the Ancient City on the Kerkenes Dağ from the Northwest. The Palatial Complex is Located at the Center of the Horizon Just to the Right of the Kale oi.uchicago.edu iii KERKENES SPECIAL STUDIES 1 SCULPTURE AND INSCRIPTIONS FROM THE MONUMENTAL ENTRANCE TO THE PALATIAL COMPLEX AT KERKENES DAĞ, TURKEY by CatheRiNe M. DRAyCOTT and GeOffRey D. SuMMeRS with contribution by CLAUDE BRIXHE and Turkish summary translated by G. B∫KE YAZICIO˝LU ORieNTAL iNSTiTuTe PuBLiCATiONS • VOLuMe 135 THe ORieNTAL iNSTiTuTe Of THe uNiVeRSiTy Of CHiCAGO oi.uchicago.edu iv Library of Congress Control Number: 2008926243 iSBN-10: 1-885923-57-0 iSBN-13: 978-1-885923-57-8 iSSN: 0069-3367 The Oriental Institute, Chicago ©2008 by The university of Chicago. All rights reserved. Published 2008. Printed in the united States of America. ORiental iNSTiTuTe PuBLicatiONS, VOLuMe 135 Series Editors Leslie Schramer and Thomas G. urban with the assistance of Katie L. Johnson Series Editors’ Acknowledgments The assistance of Sabahat Adil, Melissa Bilal, and Scott Branting is acknowledged in the production of this volume. Spine Illustration fragment of a Griffin’s Head (Cat. No. 3.6) Printed by Edwards Brothers, Ann Arbor, Michigan The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for information Services — Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSi Z39.48-1984. oi.uchicago.edu v TABLE OF CONTENTS LiST Of ABBReViatiONS ............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Proposal for a Method of Cultural Landscape Character Assessment: a Research on the Context, Method and Results for the Cappadocia Landscape, Turkey
    A PROPOSAL FOR A METHOD OF CULTURAL LANDSCAPE CHARACTER ASSESSMENT: A RESEARCH ON THE CONTEXT, METHOD AND RESULTS FOR THE CAPPADOCIA LANDSCAPE, TURKEY A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY ZEYNEP TUNA YÜNCÜ IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN RESTORATION IN ARCHITECTURE SEPTEMBER 2015 Approval of the thesis: A PROPOSAL FOR A METHOD OF CULTURAL LANDSCAPE CHARACTER ASSESSMENT: A RESEARCH ON THE CONTEXT, METHOD AND RESULTS FOR THE CAPPADOCIA LANDSCAPE, TURKEY submitted by ZEYNEP TUNA YÜNCÜ in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Restoration, Department of Architecture, Middle East Technical University by, Prof.Dr. Gülbin Dural Ünver Dean, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences _________________ Prof.Dr. T. Elvan Altan Head of Department, Architecture _________________ Prof.Dr. Neriman Şahin Güçhan Supervisor, Department of Architecture, METU _________________ Examining Committee Members: Assoc.Prof.Dr. A.Güliz Bilgin Altınöz Department of Architecture, METU _________________ Prof.Dr. Neriman Şahin Güçhan Department of Architecture, METU _________________ Prof.Dr. Ömür Bakırer Department of Architecture, METU _________________ Prof.Dr. İclal Dinçer Dept. of City and Regional Planning, Yıldız Teknik Uni. ________________ Prof.Dr. Vedat Toprak Dept.of Geological Engineering, METU _________________ Date: 11.09.2015 I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work.
    [Show full text]
  • Anadolunun Tarihi Coğrafyasi
    ANADOLUNUN TARİHİ COĞRAFYASI KÜLTÜREL MİRAS VE TURİZM AÇIK ÖĞRETİM PROGRAMI DR. ÖĞR. ÜYESİ METİN ALPARSLAN İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ AÇIK VE UZAKTAN EĞİTİM FAKÜLTESİ İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ AÇIK VE UZAKTAN EĞİTİM FAKÜLTESİ KÜLTÜREL MİRAS VE TURİZM AÇIK ÖĞRETİM PROGRAMI ANADOLU’NUN TARİHİ COĞRAFYASI DR. ÖĞR. ÜYESİ METİN ALPARSLAN 1 ÖNSÖZ Tarihin iki öğesi vardır: zaman ve mekân. Zaman kavramı kısaca kronoloji olarak da tanımlamamız mümkündür. Kronoloji sayesinde olayların sırasını ve bunun sonucunda tarih için vazgeçilmez olan neden-sonuç ilişkisini doğru bir şekilde oluşturmamız mümkün olabiliyor. Diğer bir şekilde söyleyecek olursak tarihi tam anlamıyla anlayabilmek için tarihin meydana geldiği yeri, yani coğrafyasını iyi bilmemiz ve onun olaylar üzerindeki etkisini iyi hesaplayabilmemiz gerekir. 2 İÇİNDEKİLER ÖNSÖZ.......................................................................................................................................2 İÇİNDEKİLER...........................................................................................................................3 KISALTMALAR........................................................................................................................8 YAZAR NOTU...........................................................................................................................9 1. Tarihi Coğrafya'ya Giriş ………………………………………………………………...10 1.1. Tarihi Coğrafya Nedir?...............................................................................................16 1.2. Tarihi Coğrafya’nın
    [Show full text]
  • 3254 at OI Turkey2013
    THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE The University of Chicago 1155 East 58th Street Chicago, IL 60637-1540 Archaeological Treasures of Eastern Turkey May 18 – June 3, 2013 Led by Dr. Gil J. Stein, The Oriental Institute Archaeological Treasures of Eastern Turkey May 18 – June 3, 2013 Led by Dr. Gil J. Stein The Oriental Institute rock-hewn Byzantine churches decorated with elaborate frescoes. This evening we will Dear Members and Friends of the Oriental Institute: attend a presentation of whirling dervish ceremony at a lovely restored caravanserai. For over seventy-five years, the Oriental Institute has been at the forefront of the study of HILTON DOUBLETREE (B/L/D) Anatolia (modern Turkey). Starting in the 1920s we have excavated major sites in Turkey, and have continued up to the present with our two ongoing excavations at Kerkenes and Zincirli. THURSDAY, MAY 23: GAZIANTEP Our archaeologists have explored virtually every major period in Turkey’s incredibly rich This morning we depart for Gaziantep. We will history — from the origins of the first Neolithic villages 10,000 years ago up through the stop en route to visit the Late Hittite fortress Islamic and Ottoman periods. Scholars from the Oriental Institute played a major role in of Karatepe, founded in the 8th century BC by establishing the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara. One of our most lasting Asatiwatas, ruler of the plain of Adana. We will contributions to Anatolian studies is the compilation of the great Chicago Hittite Dictionary. see the remaining blocks of basalt carved with sculptures of lions and sphinxes, inscriptions Our tour sets itself apart from other trips to Turkey by focusing on the great civilizations and and reliefs, depicting cultural and mythological monuments of central and eastern Turkey.
    [Show full text]
  • Ann C. Gunter
    Ann C. Gunter Bertha and Max Dressler Professor in the Humanities Professor of Art History, Classics, and in the Humanities Northwestern University Mailing address: Department of Art History 1800 Sherman Ave., Suite 4400 Evanston, IL 60201 Voice mail 847 467-0873 e-mail: [email protected] Education 1980 Columbia University Ph.D. 1976 Columbia University M.Phil. 1975 Columbia University M.A. 1973 Bryn Mawr College A.B. magna cum laude with departmental honors Professional Employment Bertha and Max Dressler Professor in the Humanities, Northwestern University, 2013– Professor of Art History, Classics, and in the Humanities, Northwestern University, 2008– Head of Scholarly Publications and Programs, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery and Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution, 2004–08 Assistant Curator of Ancient Near Eastern Art, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery and Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution (1987–92); Associate Curator (1992–2004); Curator (2004–08) Visiting Assistant Professor, Art History Department, Emory University, Atlanta (1986–87) Visiting Assistant Professor, Departments of Art History and Classics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (1981–85) Lecturer, Department of Near Eastern Studies, University of California, Berkeley (Winter– Spring 1981) Director, American Research Institute in Turkey at Ankara (1978–79) Fellowships, Grants, and Awards Visiting Professor (Directrice d’études), École Pratique des Hautes Études, University of Paris (lecture series to be presented in May 2016) Fritz Thyssen Stiftung 2000–01
    [Show full text]
  • Biblical World
    MAPS of the PAUL’SBIBLICAL MISSIONARY JOURNEYS WORLD MILAN VENICE ZAGREB ROMANIA BOSNA & BELGRADE BUCHAREST HERZEGOVINA CROATIA SAARAJEVO PISA SERBIA ANCONA ITALY Adriatic SeaMONTENEGRO PRISTINA Black Sea PODGORICA BULGARIA PESCARA KOSOVA SOFIA ROME SINOP SKOPJE Sinope EDIRNE Amastris Three Taverns FOGGIA MACEDONIA PONTUS SAMSUN Forum of Appius TIRANA Philippi ISTANBUL Amisos Neapolis TEKIRDAG AMASYA NAPLES Amphipolis Byzantium Hattusa Tyrrhenian Sea Thessalonica Amaseia ORDU Puteoli TARANTO Nicomedia SORRENTO Pella Apollonia Marmara Sea ALBANIA Nicaea Tavium BRINDISI Beroea Kyzikos SAPRI CANAKKALE BITHYNIA ANKARA Troy BURSA Troas MYSIA Dorylaion Gordion Larissa Aegean Sea Hadrianuthera Assos Pessinous T U R K E Y Adramytteum Cotiaeum GALATIA GREECE Mytilene Pergamon Aizanoi CATANZARO Thyatira CAPPADOCIA IZMIR ASIA PHRYGIA Prymnessus Delphi Chios Smyrna Philadelphia Mazaka Sardis PALERMO Ionian Sea Athens Antioch Pisidia MESSINA Nysa Hierapolis Rhegium Corinth Ephesus Apamea KONYA COMMOGENE Laodicea TRAPANI Olympia Mycenae Samos Tralles Iconium Aphrodisias Arsameia Epidaurus Sounion Colossae CATANIA Miletus Lystra Patmos CARIA SICILY Derbe ADANA GAZIANTEP Siracuse Sparta Halicarnassus ANTALYA Perge Tarsus Cnidus Cos LYCIA Attalia Side CILICIA Soli Korakesion Korykos Antioch Patara Mira Seleucia Rhodes Seleucia Malta Anemurion Pieria CRETE MALTA Knosos CYPRUS Salamis TUNISIA Fair Haven Paphos Kition Amathous SYRIA Kourion BEIRUT LEBANON PAUL’S MISSIONARY JOURNEYS DAMASCUS Prepared by Mediterranean Sea Sidon FIRST JOURNEY : Nazareth SECOND
    [Show full text]