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5LDVVXQWR Dopo quarant’anni di interruzione, la Missione Archeologica della Sapienza Università di Roma ha ripreso lo scavo dell’area nord del- la collina di Arslantepe, antica , presso l’odierna città di , in Turchia orientale. La lunga interruzione era dovuta alla necessità di concentrare le risorse nello scavo delle fasi più antiche: i complessi mo- numentali del Tardo Calcolitico e Tardo Uruk (IV mill. a.C.) e la sequenza completa dell’Antico Bronzo (III mill. a.C.). Si tratta di un ritorno alle origini dello scavo di Arslantepe «La collina del leone » così denominata dal leone in pietra, parte della porta della cittadella, che emergeva in super Þ cie. Il progetto della nostra ripresa ha dunque un duplice inten- to: dare alla Porta dei Leoni un contesto topogra Þ co e stratigra Þ co che tuttora le manca; e poi scendere ai livelli inferiori, per colmare il lungo periodo intercorso tra la distruzione della Porta Imperiale e la costruzio- ne della Porta dei Leoni. La campagna del 2008 ha raggiunto il primo scopo: ora sappiamo dunque che la Porta dei Leoni fu costruita alla Þ ne del IX secolo e distrutta alla Þ ne dell’VIII (appunto da Sargon II). La campagna del 2009 ha a ৼ rontato il secondo problema, scendendo al di sotto del salone a pilastri, rimuovendone una fase precedente, incon- trando poi insediamenti di squatters istallati sul rudere del grande muro di cinta post-imperiale, bruciato da un colossale incendio. Servirà ancora un'altra campagna per raggiungere il livello alla base del muro di cinta, conservato per quasi quattro metri di altezza. Ma già ora abbiamo dati storicamente importanti: dopo la Þ ne dell’impero hittita, la vicenda della città non è da ricostruire (come fatto Þ ) nel segno della continui- tà, bensì nel segno della discontinuità, con crisi e distruzioni, abbandoni quasi totali, vicende turbolente, prima di arrivare alla grande ripresa della metà del IX secolo. In questo modo l'antica Melid si inserisce nella generale vicenda del Levante nella prima età del ferro, vicenda di una lenta ricostituzione delle strutture urbane e statali che erano entrate in crisi con la Þ ne dell'età del Tardo Bronzo e il crollo dell’impero hittita.

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