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TURKEY BEYOND the MODERNIZATION HYPOTHESIS

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TURKEY BEYOND the MODERNIZATION HYPOTHESIS FACES of REPUBLICAN TURKEY BEYOND the MODERNIZATION HYPOTHESIS Editors E. Zeynep Suda, Ateş Uslu, E. Eren Korkmaz FACES OF REPUBLICAN TURKEY: BEYOND THE MODERNIZATION HYPOTHESIS E. Zeynep SUDA Prof. Dr., Istanbul University, Faculty of Political Sciences, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Istanbul, Turkey Ateş USLU Assoc. Prof. Dr., Istanbul University, Faculty of Political Sciences, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Istanbul, Turkey E. Eren KORKMAZ Dr., University of Oxford, Department of International Development, Oxford, United Kingdom Published by Istanbul University Press Istanbul University Central Campus IUPress Office, 34452 Beyazıt/Fatih Istanbul - Turkey www.iupress.istanbul.edu.tr Faces of Republican Turkey: Beyond the Modernization Hypothesis By E. Zeynep Suda, Ateş Uslu and E. Eren Korkmaz (eds.) e-ISBN: 978-605-07-0725-0 DOI: 10.26650/B/SS30.2020.004 Istanbul University Publication No: 5260 It is recommended that a reference to the DOI is included when citing this work. This work is published online under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This work is copyrighted. Except for the Creative Commons version published online, the legal exceptions and the terms of the applicable license agreements shall be taken into account. ii CONTENTS INTRODUCTION FACES OF REPUBLICAN TURKEY: BEYOND THE MODERNIZATION HYPOTHESIS E. Zeynep SUDA, Ateş USLU, E. Eren KORKMAZ ...................................................................... 1 CONTRADICTORY PROCESS OF WOMEN LIBERATION DURING THE EMERGENCE OF MODERN TURKEY: THE CASE OF THE JOURNAL “KADINLAR DÜNYASI” Ayla Ezgi AKYOL ............................................................................................................................ 5 YAKUP KADRI KARAOSMANOĞLU AND THE REPUBLICAN IMAGINATION: THE NOVELS YABAN AND ANKARA Mehmet ARISAN ........................................................................................................................... 33 BUILDING THE MEMORY OF THE EARLY REPUBLICAN PERIOD: LA TURQUIE KEMALISTE E. Zeynep SUDA ............................................................................................................................ 53 DEVELOPMENTALISM AND RURAL SOCIOLOGY: THE IDEOLOGICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF ACADEMIC KNOWLEDGE IN THE EARLY COLD WAR PERIOD IN TURKEY Sinan YILDIRMAZ ........................................................................................................................ 77 ANTI-COMMUNISM IN TURKISH EDUCATION AND CHILDHOOD IN THE 1950S Güven Gürkan ÖZTAN, Elif ÇAĞLI KAYNAK ......................................................................... 101 THE BUREAUCRACY AND ITS DISCONTENTS IN MODERN TURKEY: LIBERALISM, NEO-LIBERALISM AND ANTI-INTELLECTUALISM Cangül ÖRNEK ............................................................................................................................ 129 BUILDING A PUBLIC SPHERE: TURKISH-ORIGIN WORKERS IN GERMANY Emre Eren KORKMAZ ................................................................................................................ 149 CONCLUSION E. Zeynep SUDA, Ateş USLU, E. Eren KORKMAZ .................................................................. 167 iii BIOGRAPHIES Ayla Ezgi Akyol received her B.A. in Political Science at Galatasaray University and her M.A. in Political Science and Public Administration at Middle East Technical University. In her master thesis, she studied on child workers who work in textile and metalworking sectors. In 2015, she contributed to a quantitative research on Syrian workers in Istanbul textile manufacturing. She is currently working as a research assistant at the Faculty of Political Sciences, Istanbul University and continuing her doctoral dissertation on the formation of capitalist state in Turkey. Her main research interests are class formation, primitive accumulation, social reproduction, state theories and Turkish historiography. Mehmet Arısan is a full time Associate Professor at Istanbul University, Faculty of Political Sciences, Department of Political Science and International Relations. He received his PhD at the University of Essex in Ideology and Discourse Analysis and wrote a dissertation under the supervision of Prof. Ernesto Laclau on Turkish political modernization and democratic culture. He has published book chapters and articles on Turkish political transformation, modernity and emergence of national identity. His current research interests are Political Discourse Analysis, Formation of Political Subjectivities, the Collapse of the Ottoman Empire and Turkish Political Modernization. Elif Çağlı Kaynak, Assist. Prof. Member of Istanbul Kent University, Department of Political Science and Public Administration. She completed her undergraduate degree in Istanbul University International Relations and Public Administration Departments. She received her master’s and doctorate degrees from Istanbul University Institute of Social Sciences, Department of International Relations. She has several articles published in national and international journals. Gender, family and population policies, daily life, political science, political sociology and cultural studies are among her interests. Emre Eren Korkmaz: After submitting his dissertation to the International Relations PhD Programme of the Istanbul University’s Faculty of Political Science, Dr Emre Eren Korkmaz continued his research as a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Oxford’s Department of International Development. He was appointed as a Departmental Lecturer following the two-year-long post-doctoral fellowship and he lectures at the MSc in Migration Studies. He is a junior research fellow at St Edmund Hall college and a research associate at the Centre for Technology and Global Affairs. Cangül Örnek is an associate professor at the Department of Political Science and International Relations of Maltepe University in Istanbul. Her main research interests lie in the area of political theory, intellectual history and cultural Cold War in Turkey. She has a book on the impact of the Cold War on Turkish intellectual life entitled Türkiye’nin Soğuk Savaş Düşünce Hayatı: Anti-Komünizm ve Amerikan Etkisi published in 2015 and she co-edited the volume, Turkey in the Cold War: Ideology and Culture, with Çağdaş Üngör, which was published by Palsgrave-Macmillan in 2013. Güven Gürkan Öztan is currently an assistant professor at Political Science Faculty at Istanbul University. His research focuses on the Turkish right-wing politics, militarism and education within political and historical framework. He examines the interrelation between national identity and mechanisms of political socialization in Turkey as well as construction of childhood in different periods. He also studies on nationalist and conservative movements in Turkish politics. His Phd Thesis (Türkiye’de Çocukluğun Politik İnşası) was published by İstanbul Bilgi University Press. His other books are Türkiye’de Militarizm (Ayrıntı, 2018), v Devlet Aklı ve 1915 (with Omer Turan, Iletisim 2018), Tutku Degisim ve Zarafet (with Serdar Korucu, Dogan, 2017). He edited (with Inci O. Kerestecioglu) a book entitled Türk Sağı: Mitler, Fetişler, Düşman İmgeleri (İletisim, 2012). His articles appeared in differences: Toplum ve Bilim, Middle East Critique, Praksis, Mülkiye Dergisi, Bilgi ve Bellek. E. Zeynep Suda is Professor and Chair of the Division of Political Science at Istanbul University Faculty of Political Sciences. She received her master’s and doctorate degrees from Istanbul University Institute of Social Sciences, Department of International Relations. Her current research interests are social memory studies, political sociology, political institutions, and oral history. She authored and edited several books, including Büyük Savaşın Hafıza Mekanları: Çanakkale-Gelibolu ve Alsace Lorraine Cepheleri (2017, Yazılama), and Arap Milliyetçiliği: Mısır ve Nasırcılık Tahrir Meydanında Korkuyu Yenmek (2011, Yazılama). Ateş Uslu, Associate Professor of political thought at Istanbul University Faculty of Political Sciences, received his Ph.D at Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne University, Department of History. His main areas of interest are 19th- and 20th-century political thought, and cultural history. He authored two books: Lukacs: Marx’a Giden Yol (2006, Chiviyazilari), and Siyasal Düşünceler Tarihine Giriş (2017, Tarih Vakfi). Sinan Yıldırmaz is Assistant Professor of political history at İstanbul University, Faculty of Political Sciences. He received his Ph.D. from the “Ataturk Institute” at Bogazici University in 2009. His main areas of interest are modern Turkish history, labor/peasant studies, social history, book history, and intellectual history. His published books are, Politics and the Peasantry in Post-War Turkey: Social History, Culture and Modernization (2017, I.B. Tauris Publishers) and Toplumsal Tarih Çalışmaları (2019, Libra Kitap). vi FACES OF REPUBLICAN TURKEY: BEYOND THE MODERNIZATION HYPOTHESIS INTRODUCTION FACES OF REPUBLICAN TURKEY: BEYOND THE MODERNIZATION HYPOTHESIS E. Zeynep SUDA*, Ateş USLU**, E. Eren KORKMAZ*** *Prof. Dr., Istanbul University, Faculty of Political Sciences, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Istanbul, Turkey. e-mail: [email protected] **Assoc. Prof. Dr., Istanbul University, Faculty of Political Sciences, Department of Political Science and International Relations,
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