DOCSLIB.ORG

Austrian Research and Technology Report 2018

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Austrian Research and Technology Report 2018 Austrian Research and Technology Report 2018 Report of the Federal Government to the Parliament (National Council) under Section 8(2) of the Research Organisation Act, on federally subsidised research, technology and innovation in Austria This report was commissioned by the Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research (BMBWF); the Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation, and Technology (BMVIT); and the Federal Ministry for Digital and Economic Affairs (BMDW). It was written by a working group consisting of the Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT), JOANNEUM RESEARCH (JR) and the Austrian Institute of Economic Research (WIFO) with the support of the Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW). The Institute for Advanced Studies (IHS) contributed to the textual design. Team of authors: Wolfgang Polt & Jürgen Streicher (Coordination, JR), Peter Biegelbauer (AIT), David Binder (IHS), Bernhard Dachs (AIT), Michael Dinges (AIT), Klaus Friesenbichler (WIFO), Silvia Hafellner (JR), Florian Holzinger (JR), Werner Hölzl (WIFO), Jürgen Janger (WIFO), Andrea Kasztler (AIT), Agnes Kügler (WIFO), Karl-Heinz Leitner (AIT), Enikö Linshalm (JR), Harald Oberhofer (WIFO, Vienna University of Economics and Business), Michael Ploder (JR), Christian Rammer (ZEW), Sybille Reidl (JR), Andreas Reinstaller (WIFO), Wolfram Rhomberg (AIT), Petra Schaper-Rinkel (AIT), Franz Sinabell (WIFO), Gerhard Schwarz (WIFO), Anna Strauss (WIFO), Maximilian Unger (JR), Fabian Unterlass (WIFO), Georg Zahradnik (AIT). Imprint Media owners: Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research, 1010 Vienna Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology, 1030 Vienna Federal Ministry for Digital and Economic Affairs, 1010 Vienna All rights reserved No parts of this publication may be reproduced except when the source is referenced. Designed and produced by: Peter Sachartschenko & Mag. Susanne Spreitzer OEG, Vienna Translated by: Young Translations LLC, Vienna Cover: ©DrHitch – stock.adobe.com Printed by: Druckerei AV Astoria Vienna, 2018 Preface This 2018 government report presents a broad A further financial instrument, the Austria and positive picture of Austrian research, tech- Fund, was created as part of the 2015/2016 Tax nology and innovation activities. Over the years Reform Act, with €33.7 million to be allocated since 2005, Austria has more than doubled its every year for five years, until 2020/21. The fed- research expenditure, and increased its R&D eral government expects to pay €610 million to intensity from 2.37% to 3.19%! In an interna- firms in 2018 for the reimbursement of tax-de- tional comparison, measuring research expens- ductible R&D expenditure. In January 2018 the es in relation to gross domestic product (GDP), government agreed to increase the research tax Austria has the second-highest R&D intensity premium from 12 percent to 14 percent, but in the EU after Sweden, and the seventh-high- this will not take effect financially until 2019. est worldwide. Key performance indicators of Publicly funded research expenditure is expect- innovation have improved significantly for ed to amount to €4.20 billion in 2018, which Austria, for example international patent appli- constitutes 34% of total R&D expenditure. The cations and international co-publications. Ven- business enterprise sector, with €6.11 billion ture capital investments have increased notice- expenditure and growth of 6.9% compared to ably, although this area in particular used to be the previous year, is clearly the most important a weak spot in Austria. The high level of invest- source of funds, providing around 50% of the ment is not yet reflected in output across the total funding. International investors and inter- board, but this is partly due to the long term national (subsidiary) companies investing in nature of investments in science and research: Austrian research make up the third most im- it takes time to transform ideas into products. portant source of funding, with €1.95 billion, a share of almost 16%. A good basis for measuring a country’s innova- tion activities is research expenditure, which The Research, Technology and Innovation Strat- according to the latest forecast from Statistics egy approved by the federal government in 2011, Austria will reach €12.34 billion in 2018 – covering the period up to 2020, has been adopt- €657.6 million higher than in 2017. This is an ed into the current government’s legislative pro- increase of 5.6%, which is well above the fore- gramme as an important policy framework. Nu- cast GDP growth of 4.9%, resulting in a re- merous programmes and initiatives have been search intensity of 3.19% for 2018. This new developed at government and ministerial levels record level is a clear indication that federal with the aim of driving Austria forward into the government measures are on the right track. In group of European innovation leaders. This re- 2017 an amendment to the National Founda- port provides an in-depth look at selected prior- tion Act (Nationalstiftungsgesetz) authorised ity areas for university and non-university re- the National Foundation for Research, Technol- search, equal opportunities in research and de- ogy and Development to make additional funds velopment, future technologies in the context available for research financing to the value of of digitalisation, and innovations in agriculture €100 million annually for the years 2018-2020. and food production – to name just a few of the Austrian Research and Technology Report 2018 3 topics. The report also provides a comprehen- one of the leading countries in innovation, al- sive overview of the latest developments and though it will be essential to keep up our in- implementation projects in strategic RTI-rele- creased efforts and persevere with determina- vant processes, programmes and initiatives. tion in order to build on this excellent basis and continue to improve innovation results in the The conclusion drawn from all these analyses coming years. is that Austria is on the right path to becoming Dr Heinz Faßmann Norbert Hofer Dr Margarete Schramböck Federal Minister for Education, Federal Minister for Transport, Federal Minister for Digitalisation Science and Research Innovation and Technology and Economic Affairs 4 Austrian Research and Technology Report 2018 Table of Contents Executive Summary 7 1 Current Trends 15 1.1 Trend of R&D expenditures based on the new global estimate 15 1.2 Financing and performance of R&D in Austria 18 1.2.1 Research and experimental development in Austria: Results of the 2015 R&D survey 18 1.2.2 Methods for awarding public R&D budgets in an international comparison 28 1.2.3 Public funding for business enterprise R&D in an international comparison 33 1.3 Austria’s position in an international context 41 1.3.1 European Innovation Scoreboard 2017 42 1.3.2 Development of Austria's position in terms of the key performance RTI indicators 52 1.3.3 Austria’s position in other international innovation rankings 58 1.3.4 Summary 62 1.4 EU research, technology and innovation policy: Review and outlook 64 1.4.1 The Horizon 2020 Research Framework Programme 65 1.4.2 Results of the interim evaluation of Horizon 2020 67 1.4.3 Austria's performance in Horizon 2020 68 1.4.4 Measures aimed at boosting European cooperation 69 1.4.5 The route towards the new Framework Programme 71 1.4.6 Summary 72 1.5 Strategic measures, initiatives and further developments 73 2 Major Federal Funding Agencies in Austria 88 2.1 The Austrian Science Fund (FWF) 89 2.2 The Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) 94 2.3 Austria Wirtschaftsservice (aws) 98 3 Scientific Research and Tertiary Education 103 3.1 STEM university graduates: factor for technological development and innovation 103 3.1.1 The STEM concept in the context of higher education and on the labour market 104 3.1.2 Demand for STEM graduates 104 3.1.3 STEM at universities, universities of applied sciences and in school-related areas 109 3.1.4 Summary 114 3.2 Equality in R&D and decision-making bodies 114 3.2.1 Trends in the participation of women researchers in the R&D sector 116 3.2.2 Women in management positions and collegial bodies at universities 118 3.2.3 Working conditions and equality in applied non-university science and technology research 120 3.2.4 Equality in basic research in non-university research 125 3.2.5 Equal opportunity at the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) 126 3.2.6 Summary 127 3.3 Open Science and Dark Knowledge 128 3.3.1 Current national developments on Open Access and Open Data 128 3.3.2 Changing market conditions in the publishing system 129 3.3.3 Limits of Open Access and Open Data 130 3.3.4 Summary 132 3.4 The contribution of universities to innovation in Austria 132 3.4.1 Universities and Innovation: empirical results for Austria 134 3.4.2 Summary 140 Austrian Research and Technology Report 2018 5 3.5 Health research and its translation into medical practice 140 3.5.1 Health research in Austria and in the European context 141 3.5.2 Translation measures at national level 145 3.5.3 Summary 148 4 Research and Innovation in the Business Enterprise Sector 150 4.1 Competitive strategies and innovative practices among Austrian firms 150 4.1.1 Strategies and technological positioning of Austrian industrial firms for retaining competitiveness 151 4.1.2 Innovation practices and innovation environment for European firms 155 4.1.3 Summary 161 4.2 Key technologies for digitalisation 163 4.2.1 Automated driving in Austria 163 4.2.2 Internet of Things and Industry 4.0: Industrial Internet
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Open Access and Open Science in Europe and Switzerland: Things Are Moving
    Hauptbibliothek Open Access and Open Science in Europe and Switzerland: things are moving Swiss Librarians for Evidence Based Medicine Meet and Greet for Swiss Biomedical Librarians Bern Prof. Dr. Christian Fuhrer, Hauptbibliothek (Main Library) , Head Open Access, University of Zurich [email protected] www.oai.uzh.ch 08.09.2016 OA and OS in Europe and Switzerland: things are moving, Christian Fuhrer Seite 1 Hauptbibliothek Abstract Open Access, the free access to scientific research results, has been a topic for various stakeholders for more than ten years. Yet most scientific publications are still not freely accessible and the traditional licence-based publishing systems continues to prevail. But recently, science politicians of various countries and the European Union have picked up the topic of Open Access, placed it into the context of Open Science, and now call for fundamental changes in the way resarch results should be incentivized, evaluated, distributed, published and reused. The Amsterdam Call for Action on Open Science, led by the Dutch EU Council Presidency, is a hallmark of this new political drive, which has the potential to deeply change the scholarly publishing system. Meanwhile in Switzerland, swissuniversities, the rector's assembly of all Swiss Higher Education Institutions, has taken the lead in elaborating a Swiss national Open Access strategy, following a request by the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation. An important element of this strategy will be to bring together key stakeholders in Switzerland and to follow the European trends. This talk will summarize these recent proceedings in Europe and Switzerland and show which road Open Access is likely to follow in the coming years.
    [Show full text]
  • Marktkonzentration
    WIR. FÖRDERN. ZUKUNFT. Open-Access im Kontext der Forschungsförderung - Open Access Policy des Wissenschaftsfonds (FWF) Katharina Rieck, MA MA(LIS) FWF Open Science Manager Berlin am 12. März 2019 Dysfunktionaler Publikationsmarkt . Publikationen können nicht substituiert werden, jede Publikation ist ein Monopol (“each product represents a unique value and cannot be replaced”) . Verlage verkaufen große Publikationspakete (big deal) mit intransparenter Preispolitik (non-disclosure clauses) . Das Preis-Leistungs-Verhältnis für Publikationen ist für WissenschafterInnen oft intransparent, weil sie für die Publikation nicht selbst bezahlen. Der Markt wird von einigen Oligopolisten mit operating profits von 35-42% (Einnahmen von ca. Ø $ 5.000 pro Artikel) dominiert (mehr als 50% entfallen auf 5 Verlage) . Verlage behalten das ausschließliche Verwertungsrecht (copyright transfer agreement) für Publikationen, das u.a. für hochprofitable Mehrwertdienste genutzt wird Herausbildung von steuerfinanzierten Informationsgiganten . Wissenschaftskarrieren werden oft nicht von der Qualität der Publikationen, sondern vom Namen des Verlages bestimmt (Luxury Journal Effect) als Gegenbewegung siehe DORA 12.3.2019 FWF Open Access 3 Marktkonzentration Geht der Trend der Oligopolisierung weiter, wird es in einigen Jahren zwei bis drei Anbieter geben, die den Markt nicht nur bei Publikationen, sondern für den gesamten wissenschaftlichen Workflow beherrschen. Marktkonzentration Source: Kramer B., Bosman J. (2015): 101 Innovations in Scholarly Communication - the Changing Research Workflow. figshare. Poster. https://figshare.com/articles/101_Innovations_in_Scholarly_Communication_the_Changing_Research_Workflow/1286826 12.3.2019 FWF Open Access 5 Was ist das Problem? Source: Dallmeier-Tiessen S. et al (2011): Highlights from the SOAP project survey. What Scientists Think about Open Access Publishing. https://arxiv.org/abs/1101.5260 12.3.2019 FWF Open Access 6 Benutzungsintensität von Sci-Hub Source: Bohannon, J.
    [Show full text]
  • Thesis Draft Version
    Open Access Policy in the UK: From Neoliberalism to the Commons By Stuart Lawson Draft PhD thesis, May 2018 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. This excludes Fig 4.1, which is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. 1 Acknowledgements [full acknowledgements are still to be written, this is just to cover the legal basics] This research was supported by the Jisc Collections Studentship Award, which was awarded by Birkbeck, University of London and co-funded by the School of Arts at Birkbeck in conjunction with Jisc Collections. The text contains edited excerpts from the following prior publications: Lawson, Stuart. 2015. ‘The Politics of Open Access’, PhD proposal, Birkbeck, University of London <http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1494587> Lawson, Stuart. 2017. ‘Access, Ethics and Piracy’, Insights, 30(1): 25–30 <http://doi.org/10.1629/uksg.333> Lawson, Stuart. Forthcoming [2019]. ‘Public Libraries and Knowledge Politics’, in Old Traditions and New Technologies: The Pasts, Presents, and Futures of Open Scholarly Communication, ed. by Martin Eve and Jonathan Gray (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press) Lawson, Stuart, Jonathan Gray, and Michele Mauri. 2016. ‘Opening the Black Box of Scholarly Communication Funding: A Public Data Infrastructure for Financial Flows in Academic Publishing’, Open Library of Humanities, 2(1) <http://doi.org/10.16995/olh.72> 2 Abstract . 3 Acronyms and Abbreviations AGORA – Access to Global Online Research on Agriculture AHRC – Arts
    [Show full text]
  • Converting Scholarly Journals to Open Access: a Review of Approaches and Experiences David J
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc. Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln 2016 Converting Scholarly Journals to Open Access: A Review of Approaches and Experiences David J. Solomon Michigan State University Mikael Laakso Hanken School of Economics Bo-Christer Björk Hanken School of Economics Peter Suber editor Harvard University Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/scholcom Part of the Intellectual Property Law Commons, Scholarly Communication Commons, and the Scholarly Publishing Commons Solomon, David J.; Laakso, Mikael; Björk, Bo-Christer; and Suber, Peter editor, "Converting Scholarly Journals to Open Access: A Review of Approaches and Experiences" (2016). Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.. 27. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/scholcom/27 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc. by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Converting Scholarly Journals to Open Access: A Review of Approaches and Experiences By David J. Solomon, Mikael Laakso, and Bo-Christer Björk With interpolated comments from the public and a panel of experts Edited by Peter Suber Published by the Harvard Library August 2016 This entire report, including the main text by David Solomon, Bo-Christer Björk, and Mikael Laakso, the preface by Peter Suber, and the comments by multiple authors is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1 Preface Subscription journals have been converting or “flipping” to open access (OA) for about as long as OA has been an option.
    [Show full text]
  • Report on Offset Agreements: Evaluating Current Jisc Collections Deals
    Report on offset agreements: evaluating current Jisc Collections deals Year 3 – evaluating 2017 deals Stuart Lawson Published October 2018 This work has been sponsored by Jisc as part of the Jisc Collections Studentship Award at Birkbeck, University of London. To the extent possible under law, the author has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this work. 2 Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Data sources 4 3. Agreements: Wiley 6 Taylor & Francis 7 Springer 8 SAGE 9 Institute of Physics (IOP Publishing) 10 De Gruyter 11 4. Discussion 12 5. Conclusion 19 References 20 Appendix: List of the 53 higher education institutions used in the sample 24 3 Introduction Offset agreements for academic journals are designed to reduce the overall cost to academic libraries of supporting scholarly publishing. In these agreements, journal subscription costs and open access publication costs are offset against each other. There are different approaches to achieving this. Some offset agreements reduce the cost of article processing charges (APCs) – the fees sometimes paid to publishers to make research open access – and some reduce the amount an institution pays for a subscription in proportion to the amount it pays for APCs.1 Offsetting is intended as a transitional mechanism to support progress towards a fully open access scholarly publication system, and is part of the UK’s national open access strategy.2 This report is a comparative study of the current offset agreements that Jisc Collections has negotiated on behalf of UK academic libraries. It relies on financial data provided by higher education institutions (HEIs) themselves about the amounts they have paid for subscriptions and APCs.
    [Show full text]
  • Open Access Newsletter Nr. 10
    Vereniging van universiteiten Open access newsletter Nr. 10 All the latest on open access negotiations with the major publishing houses 08-10-2015 NEWS Open access in the media In the run-up to open access week, Negotiations resume Prof. Gerard Meijer (president of the Executive Board of Radboud University Koen Becking (Tilburg University), Gerard Meijer Nijmegen) will be explaining the (Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen) and Jaap Winter (VU principles of open access and calling on University Amsterdam) are currently negotiating with his colleagues to start publishing under publishers about subscriptions to academic journals. The open access. universities are only prepared to renew current subscription agreements if the publishers take steps On the SciELO blog, scientist and open towards open access. An overview of the latest access advocate Jan Velterop has negotiation developments per publisher: published a post in which he explores the issue of what exactly is holding Negotiations back the transition to open access and Negotiations with Wiley are progressing. Negotiations are who might be affected by higher costs also still underway with Elsevier and Oxford University as a result of open access. The general Press, and have started with Kluwer. Preparations are consensus is that overall costs will not now being made for negotiations with Taylor & Francis rise and are likely to fall. Velterop and the American Chemical Society. acknowledges that in some academic disciplines, open access can indeed Open access week lead to higher costs. This might be the Open access week takes place globally from 19 to 25 case for specialisms associated with October. Universities all over the world will be organising relatively few different journals (and lectures, symposiums and discussion events during this thus subscriptions costs) but which week.
    [Show full text]
  • Open Access Academic Publishing and Its Battlefields
    Elena Šimukovič, M.A. (LIS) ORCID: 0000-0003-1363-243X Doctoral student at the Department of Science and Technology Studies, University of Vienna Supervisor: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Ulrike Felt Of hopes, villains and Trojan horses – Open Access academic publishing and its battlefields Doctoral research proposal 30 April 2016 Abstract In this doctoral research proposal the author deals with “Open Access”, a vision of a free online availability of scholarly journal literature that has been put forward in the early 2000s. More than a decade later, Open Access has gathered momentum and became a widespread phenomenon with several (inter-)national strategies currently being pursued towards a radical transformation of the academic publishing world. Should the extreme scenario as proposed by some actors succeed, budgets of academic libraries would be fully shifted from conventional journal subscriptions model (“pay-to-read”) towards publishing all research articles in Open Access journals (“pay-to-say”). However, the effects and dynamics that such a transition would unleash in the global knowledge regime remain largely unexplored. In order to answer the research questions, ongoing negotiations on Open Access publishing between the Association of Universities in the Netherlands (VSNU) and the academic publisher Elsevier as well as Dutch researchers’ perceptions on the implications of these negotiations for their own publication practices will serve as empirical basis. Situational analysis developed by Adele E. Clarke (2005) will be used as an overall frame
    [Show full text]
  • Democratising Knowledge: a Report on the Scholarly Publisher, Elsevier
    Education International Research Democratising Knowledge: a report on the scholarly publisher, Elsevier Dr. Jonathan Tennant October 2018 Education International Research Democratising Knowledge: a report on the scholarly publisher, Elsevier Dr. Jonathan Tennant October 2018 This work is licensed under a Creative Published by Education International - Oct. 2018 Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ISBN 978-92-95109-72-8 (PDF) ShareAlike 4.0 International License. (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) Cover: Fredk - EI About the author: Dr. Jonathan Tennant Nomadic Palaeontologist, Rogue Open Scientist; PhD, MEarthSci, MSc Founder of paleorXiv (https://paleorxiv.org/), a free digital publishing platform for Palaeontology Companion Website on Github Founder of the Open Science MOOC (https://opensciencemooc.github.io/site/) Project development on GitHub Freelance science communicator and consultant Author of Excavate! Dinosaurs and World of Dinosaurs (coming 2018) Executive Editor of Geoscience Communication Editor for the PLOS Paleo Community Personal website - Home of the Green Tea and Velociraptors blog. ORCID: 0000-0001-7794-0218 Twitter: @protohedgehog Education International Education International represents organisations of teachers and other education employees across the globe. It is the world’s largest federation of unions and associations, representing thirty million education employees in about four hundred organisations in one hundred and seventy countries and territories, across the globe. Education International unites teachers and education employees.
    [Show full text]
  • Open Access Network Austria Und E-Infrastructures Austria – Aktuelle Entwicklungen Seit 2012
    AGMB-Jahrestagung in Mannheim 2014 OPEN ACCESS Fachbeitrag Open-Access-Kooperationen in Österreich: Open Access Network Austria und E-Infrastructures Austria – aktuelle Entwicklungen seit 2012 Cooperations for Open Access in Austria: Recent developments in the Open Access Network Austria and E-Infrastructures Austria since 2012 Abstract The Berlin Declaration on Open Access to scientific knowledge was Bruno Bauer1 published in October 2003. All over the world initiatives and projects were started. However, in Austria Open Access got little attention over many years. This was confirmed by a study among Austrian universities 1 Medizinische Universität Wien, Universitätsbibliothek, on behalf of the Council of Austrian University Libraries. Finally at the Wien, Österreich turn of the year 2012/2013 the Open Access Network Austria and the university infrastructure project E-Infrastructure Austria were started to push Open Access in Austria on a national level. So 10 years after the Berlin Declaration Austria set up the preconditions to establish sustain- able Open Access. Keywords: Austria, Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities, Open Access Publishing, Open Access Network Austria (OANA), infrastructure project, development since 2012 Zusammenfassung Die Berliner Erklärung über den offenen Zugang zu wissenschaftlichem Wissen wurde im Oktober 2003 veröffentlicht. Während sehr bald weltweit viele Initiativen gesetzt und Projekte gestartet wurden, blieb Open Access in Österreich viele Jahre lang ein wenig beachtetes Thema. Dieser Status wurde auch in einer vom Forum Universitätsbibliotheken Österreichs in Auftrag gegebenen Umfrage an den österreichischen Universitäten evident. Seit 2012/13 gibt es mit dem Open Access Network Austria und dem Hochschulraumstrukturmittelprojekt E-Infra- structures Austria endlich wichtige Impulse für Open Access auf natio- naler Ebene.
    [Show full text]
  • Open Digital Science
    ODS Open Digital Science (SMART 2014/0007) Final Study Report by E. Prem, F.S.Sanz, M. Lindorfer, D. Lampert, J. Irran eutema GmbH (Austria) in co-operation with ZSI and Universidad de Zaragoza Vienna, May 2016 Abstract Open Digital Science (ODS) and Open Science describe new and open practices in science, research and innovation that make extensive use of digital technologies. The use of digital technologies facilitates openness regarding data, methods, results, actors or publications with an emphasis on scalability of the approach in terms of data, access or computation. The vision underlying this study is to explore whether radically different scientific practices based on digital technologies are emerging, what they consist of, and how they are changing the relation of science and society. The impact of Open Science practices is most evident in scientific publication (Open Access). A new generation of researchers uses digital tools in practically all steps of the scientific workflow, from research funding to critical discourse. This has led to concepts such as Citizen Science, Open Innovation, Open Methodology and Open Notebook Science, for which good practice examples are described. New ways of assessing scientific merit (altmetrics) and of funding (e.g. crowd sourcing) are also emerging. Six futuristic scenarios developed in this study depict potential impact of new open science practices. The study concludes with a set of indicators to measure open science implementation and to create an Open Science Observatory. About the authors Erich Prem received the graduate engineering and the Ph.D. degrees in computer science from the Technical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria, and the MBA degree in general management from Donau University, Krems, Austria.
    [Show full text]
  • Austrian Transition to Open Access“ 2017–2020
    AGMB-Jahrestagung in Wien 2017 OPEN ACCESS Fachbeitrag „Austrian Transition to Open Access“ 2017–2020 Austrian Transition to Open Access 2017–2020 Abstract In December the higher education structural funds project (Hoch- Bruno Bauer1 schulraumstrukturmittelprojekt) “Austrian Transition to Open Access (AT2OA)“ was authorised by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy. The 21 public universities cooperate on this 1 Medizinische Universität Wien, Universitätsbibliothek, project running from 2017 to 2020 in order to promote open access Wien, Österreich through concerted measures. Constitutive on OANA’s “suggestions for the implementation of Open Access in Austria” published in 2015 four subprojects have been developed. These subprojects’ main focuses are drafting an expert’s report about the financial impact of a total ad- justment to open access on a national and institutional basis, the exten- sion of existing consortium licences with an open access component, establishment of an open access publishing fund as well as the promo- tion of open access monographs and suitable open access infrastruc- tures. Keywords: Austria, open access publishing, infrastructure project, Recommendations for the Implementation of Open Access in Austria, 21 federal universities, Austrian Transition to Open Access, AT2OA, subprojects, national study of open access, license agreement with open access component, publishing fund for open access, open access monographs, open access infrastructure Zusammenfassung Im Dezember wurde das Hochschulraumstrukturmittelprojekt „Austrian Transition to Open Access (AT2OA)“ vom österreichischen Bundesminis- terium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Wirtschaft genehmigt. An die- sem Projekt mit der Laufzeit 2017 bis 2020 kooperieren die 21 öffent- lichen Universitäten in Österreich, um Open Access durch geeignete gemeinsam abgestimmte Maßnahmen voranzubringen.
    [Show full text]
  • Converting Scholarly Journals to Open Access: a Review of Approaches and Experiences
    Converting Scholarly Journals to Open Access: A Review of Approaches and Experiences The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Solomon, David J., Mikael Laakso, and Bo-Christer Björk (authors). Peter Suber (editor). 2016. Converting Scholarly Journals to Open Access: A Review of Approaches and Experiences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:27803834 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Converting Scholarly Journals to Open Access: A Review of Approaches and Experiences By David J. Solomon, Mikael Laakso, and Bo-Christer Björk With interpolated comments from the public and a panel of experts Edited by Peter Suber Published by the Harvard Library August 2016 This entire report, including the main text by David Solomon, Bo-Christer Björk, and Mikael Laakso, the preface by Peter Suber, and the comments by multiple authors is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1 Preface Subscription journals have been converting or “flipping” to open access (OA) for about as long as OA has been an option. For just as long, OA proponents have been writing arguments on why to flip, recommendations on how to flip, and case studies on individual cases of flipping. But until now, no systematic study has reviewed the literature on journal flipping or distinguished the different pathways, methods, or scenarios for journal flipping.
    [Show full text]