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Austrian Transition to Open Access“ 2017–2020

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Austrian Transition to Open Access“ 2017–2020 AGMB-Jahrestagung in Wien 2017 OPEN ACCESS Fachbeitrag „Austrian Transition to Open Access“ 2017–2020 Austrian Transition to Open Access 2017–2020 Abstract In December the higher education structural funds project (Hoch- Bruno Bauer1 schulraumstrukturmittelprojekt) “Austrian Transition to Open Access (AT2OA)“ was authorised by the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy. The 21 public universities cooperate on this 1 Medizinische Universität Wien, Universitätsbibliothek, project running from 2017 to 2020 in order to promote open access Wien, Österreich through concerted measures. Constitutive on OANA’s “suggestions for the implementation of Open Access in Austria” published in 2015 four subprojects have been developed. These subprojects’ main focuses are drafting an expert’s report about the financial impact of a total ad- justment to open access on a national and institutional basis, the exten- sion of existing consortium licences with an open access component, establishment of an open access publishing fund as well as the promo- tion of open access monographs and suitable open access infrastruc- tures. Keywords: Austria, open access publishing, infrastructure project, Recommendations for the Implementation of Open Access in Austria, 21 federal universities, Austrian Transition to Open Access, AT2OA, subprojects, national study of open access, license agreement with open access component, publishing fund for open access, open access monographs, open access infrastructure Zusammenfassung Im Dezember wurde das Hochschulraumstrukturmittelprojekt „Austrian Transition to Open Access (AT2OA)“ vom österreichischen Bundesminis- terium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Wirtschaft genehmigt. An die- sem Projekt mit der Laufzeit 2017 bis 2020 kooperieren die 21 öffent- lichen Universitäten in Österreich, um Open Access durch geeignete gemeinsam abgestimmte Maßnahmen voranzubringen. Aufbauend auf die 2015 von OANA veröffentlichten „Empfehlungen für die Umsetzung von Open Access in Österreich“ wurden vier Teilprojekte entwickelt. Schwerpunkte dieser Teilprojekte sind die Erstellung einer Studie über die finanziellen Auswirkungen einer vollständigen Umstellung auf Open Access auf nationaler und auf institutioneller Basis, die Erweiterung bestehender Konsortiallizenzen um eine Open Access-Komponente, die Etablierung von Open Access-Publikationsfonds sowie die Förderung von Open Access-Monografien und geeigneten Open Access-Infrastruk- turen. Schlüsselwörter: Österreich, Open Access-Publizieren, Hochschulraumstrukturmittelprojekt, 21 öffentliche Universitäten, Empfehlungen für die Umsetzung von Open Access in Österreich, Austrian Transition to Open Access, AT2OA, Teilprojekte, Nationale Open Access-Studie, Lizenzverträge mit Open Access-Option, Open Access-Publikationsfonds, Open Access-Monografien, Open Access-Infrastrukturen GMS Medizin - Bibliothek - Information 2017, Vol. 17(3), ISSN 1865-066X 1/6 Bauer: „Austrian Transition to Open Access“ 2017–2020 Rahmenbedingungen für Open Für letztere wurden in der Ausschreibung drei Themenfel- Access in Österreich der vorgegeben: • Unterstützung der Implementierung einheitlicher Positionierungen für Open Access auf nationaler Ebene Standards für die Kosten- und Leistungsrechnung wurden in Österreich zwar bereits 2009 mit der „Strategie (KLAR) der Universitäten; 2020“ des Rats für Forschung und Technologieentwick- • Open Innovation/Digital Roadmap/Open Access/Open lung [1] und 2010 mit den „Empfehlungen der Österrei- Research Data; chischen Universitätenkonferenz (uniko) zu einer Open • Unterstützung anderer strukturbildender Kooperations- Access-Politik der Universitäten“ [2] vorgenommen, diese vorhaben im Bereich Management, Administration und hatten allerdings nur empfehlenden Charakter. Lange Verwaltungsinnovation. Zeit wurden konkrete Open Access-Aktivitäten in Öster- Für das Themenfeld „Open Innovation/Digital Road- reich nur von einzelnen Institutionen gesetzt, wie etwa map/Open Access/Open Research Data“ wurden vom in einer vom Forum Universitätsbibliotheken Österreichs BMWFW folgende Vorgaben gemacht: (ubifo) 2012 durchgeführten systematischen Bestands- „Bezugnehmend auf die derzeit in Ausarbeitung befindli- aufnahme für die 21 öffentlichen Universitäten Öster- chen nationalen Strategien zu Open Innovation und zur reichs (UBIFO) zu Open Access erhoben werden konnte Digital Roadmap sowie den Empfehlungen der ERA zu [3], [4]. Open Research Data, der nationalen ERA Roadmap und Für das erste Jahrzehnt nach der „Berliner Erklärung über dem ‚Amsterdam Call for Action on Open Science’ sowie den offenen Zugang zu wissenschaftlichen Wissen“ den veröffentlichten Empfehlungen der OANA für eine (2003) [5] sind als maßgeblich österreichische Akteure, Open Access Strategie in Österreich werden von Univer- die Open Access konkret umgesetzt haben, vor allem die sitäten getragene österreichweite Kooperationsvorhaben Universität Wien als größte Universität des Landes, der zu diesen Themen gestärkt. FWF als bedeutende Forschungsförderungseinrichtung Unter Projekten zu Open Research Data wird die Entwick- und die Akademie der Wissenschaften als größte außer- lung und Umsetzung von Ideen zu einem möglichst bar- universitäre Forschungsträgerin in Österreich zu nennen rierefreien Zugang zu Forschungsdaten und Forschungs- [6], [7]. datenergebnissen verstanden. Der Entwicklung von Data Erst 2012 wurde mit dem Access Network Austria (OANA), Management Plänen kommt dabei große Bedeutung zu. in dem Forschungsstätten, Forschungsförderer und For- Eingereichte Projektanträge zu Open Access sollen sich schungspolitik vertreten sind, ein Forum auf nationaler an den Empfehlungen des Open Access Network Austria Ebene mit der Zielsetzung geschaffen, eine gegenseitige (OANA) orientieren, nach denen die gesamte wissenschaft- Abstimmung der Open Access-Aktivitäten der beteiligten liche Publikationstätigkeit in Österreich bis 2025 auf Institutionen sowie eine gemeinsame Positionierung ge- Open Access umgestellt werden soll.“ [11] genüber den Informationsanbietern vorzunehmen sowie Das BMWFW folgte in seiner Ausschreibung nicht der die Bereitstellung relevanter Informationsquellen für aktuellen Version der OA-Empfehlungen (2016), die auf Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler, Forschungs- Initiative der UNIKO abgeändert und erweitert worden ist stätten und für die Forschungspolitik zu betreiben [8], und in der sich die Formulierung „Bis 2025 ist ein Gutteil [9]. der wissenschaftlichen Publikationstätigkeit in Österreich 2015 wurden von OANA „Empfehlungen für die Umset- auf Open Access umgestellt.“ [12] findet, sondern der zung von Open Access in Österreich“ veröffentlicht, in früheren Version der OA-Empfehlungen (2015), in der denen Leitlinien in 16 Themenfeldern dargestellt werden, der entsprechende Passus lautete: „Bis 2025 ist die ge- die dazu beitragen sollen, die gesamte wissenschaftliche samte wissenschaftliche Publikationstätigkeit in Öster- Publikationstätigkeit in Österreich bis 2025 auf Open reich auf Open Access umgestellt.“ [10] Access umzustellen [10]. Eine Chance zur konkreten Umsetzung bot sich im Rah- men der 2016 erfolgten Ausschreibung für Hochschul- Projektantrag und Genehmigung raumstrukturmittelprojekte durch das Bundesministerium von AT2OA für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Wirtschaft (BMWFW). Eine vom Forum Universitätsbibliotheken Österreichs (ubifo) eingesetzte Arbeitsgruppe entwickelte eine Pro- Förderung des BMWFW für jektskizze „Austrian Transition to Open Access (AT2OA)“, Hochschulraumstrukturmittelprojekte in der – wie in der Ausschreibung der Hochschulraum- strukturmittelprojekte gefordert – ausgeführt wurde, Zur Anschubfinanzierung universitärer Kooperationsvor- welche der 16 OANA-Empfehlungen in einem Projekt zur haben wurden von BMWFW insgesamt 97,5 Mio. Euro Förderung von Gold Open Access umgesetzt werden zur Verfügung gestellt, davon 50 Mio. Euro für Projekte könnten [13], [14]. der Verwaltung, 35 Mio. Euro für Projekte der Lehre und Der Fokus wurde ausschließlich auf Gold Open Access- 12,5 Mio. Euro für Projekte zur Verwaltungsinnovation. Maßnahmen gelegt, weil Green Open Access bzw. der GMS Medizin - Bibliothek - Information 2017, Vol. 17(3), ISSN 1865-066X 2/6 Bauer: „Austrian Transition to Open Access“ 2017–2020 Aufbau von Repositorien einen inhaltlichen Schwerpunkt • Teilprojekt 4: Förderung von OA-Publikationen und al- in einem früheren Hochschulraumstrukturmittelprojekt ternativen OA-Publikationsmodellen von Universitäten („E-Infrastructures Austria“) gebildet hatte [15], [16], [17]. Analyse der Auswirkungen einer Von den 16 OANA-Empfehlungen wurden sieben für Umstellung auf Open Access AT2OA aufgegriffen; diese sind in der folgenden Auflistung entsprechend gekennzeichnet. Teilprojekt 1 von AT2OA verfolgt das Ziel, die Auswirkun- 1. OA Policy einführen gen einer vollständigen Transformation zu Open Access 2. Kostentransparenz schaffen im Hinblick auf die Budgets der einzelnen am Projekt 3. Verlagsverträge umstellen beteiligten Einrichtungen zu analysieren. Ausgangspunkt 4. Publikationsfonds einrichten für die Konzeption dieses Teilprojektes war das „MPDL 5. Publikationsorgane umstellen Open Access White Paper“ bzw. dessen Aussage: „We 6. Publikationsinfrastruktur zusammenlegen firmly believe that a large-scale transformation of the 7. Internationale Kooperationen unterstützen underlying business model of scientific journals is 8. Start-up-Kapitel bereitstellen possible at no financial risk. Our own data analysis shows 9. Repositorien registrieren that there is enough
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