V. 01 - Nº 01 - Ano 2020 – Special Edition 326 HISTORICITY AND HUMANITY IN HEYDAR ALIYEV’S LITERARY AND THEORETICAL HERITAGE Salatin Akhmedova1 Abstract: An analysis of the history of Azerbaijan’s independent statehood Keywords: Heydar Aliyev, Azerbaijan, indicates that such a difficult, complex Heritage, statehood and honorable mission as building a state could be led by a strong-willed person Introduction with a broad and global worldview, The ideas and thoughts of supported by the people and become Heydar Aliyev, his policy laid the their national leader. In the late 90s of the scientific and theoretical foundations for XX century, the only leader who could the transition from a socialist socio- claim this role in Azerbaijan and was economic system to a new society in able to cope with this work was Heydar Azerbaijan. For young Azerbaijan, freed Aliyev. An important part of the from the imperial and socialist system theoretical and practical activities of and embarked on the path of Heydar Aliyev is his doctrine of national independence, but faced with diverging, statehood, a national-spiritual and overlapping interests of regional and ideological-political worldview. The global forces, seeking its place in a study of its rich heritage in this area globalizing world, striving to protect its deserves to play the role of an example interests, the doctrine of the statehood of not only for current socio-political Heydar Aliyev was a real strategy of circles, but also for future generations, activity. The practical activities and all the leaders who will lead Azerbaijan. ideological and political views of Heydar The ideological world of this historical Aliyev played a huge role in the return of figure, laying the solid foundation of the Azerbaijani people, who for many modern Azerbaijan, will always years were deprived of statehood and illuminate the path of his followers. national-spiritual roots, whose national Ph.D in Philology, Azerbaijan Architecture and Construction University,Azerbaijani Language And Literature Faculty,Azerbaijan, Baku, [email protected] V. 01 - Nº 01 - Ano 2020 – Special Edition 327 and state interests were violated, to their force of the historical development, in origins, their self-affirmation. Heydar general, is an important humanistic Aliyev (1923-2003) is a great personality quality of a person. As an individual, he brought up by the Azerbaijani people in is the essence and a driving force of the twentieth century, who created the history, and an active participant of the history. He was a historical figure with a historical process. phenomenal memory, sagacious mind, To understand thoroughly and and ability of highly eloquent speech, fully the complex mechanism of social high political will, flexible logic, life and driving forces of history the amazing historical vision, and divine decisive role of the personality in history talent. The great statesman Heydar should be fully comprehended” Aliyev amazed everyone around with his (Mehdiyev R.,2001, pp. 31-32). high professionalism talking about Political and cultural figures of agriculture, industry, science and the twentieth century, which was quite culture, as well as literature. The whole complicated, but at the same time very world recognized Heydar Aliyev as a rich and contradictory, highly standard of personality and leader in last appreciated Heydar Aliyev in their decade of the twentieth century. works as a phenomenal personality. Academician Ramiz Mehdiyev writes: They believe that, his presence gave “The proper understanding of the role of honor and glory to the nation, and personality in the history is not “an glorified the name of Azerbaijan addition” to the understanding of the role popularized all over the world with own of unity or other social forces. This role talent and deeds. Academician Ramiz is a relatively independent element of Mehdiyev says: “We have found history. The role of the individual is numerous qualities characterizing the required for becoming an important magnitude of the personality in the aspect and driving force of the historical political and public activity of the development. Personalities act as a Azerbaijani President Heydar Aliyev. As driving force of social development at all a historical figure, Heydar Aliyev is a stages of history. This means that, founder and carrier of the eternal and without exception, each personality is a immortal values, which are the driving force of history. Being a driving fundamental base of the Azerbaijani V. 01 - Nº 01 - Ano 2020 – Special Edition 328 state establishment and independent without resistance: it was literature and development. Analysis and unders- art. Taking into account the tanding of Heydar Aliyev’s long-term circumstances, he said: “Our country activity proves how robust and broad his will surely face some difficulties when intelligence and talent was, and how celebrating great anniversaries in this purposefully and enthusiastically he challenging period. However, the created the history of the Azerbaijani spiritual and cultural parts of our lives people” (Mehdiyev R.,2001, p. 44). will never be forgotten. Despite of many Indeed, all the features peculiar challenges, we should always pay special to leaders and historical figures are attention to our culture, cultural heritage embodied in the personality of Heydar and spirituality, and never let these areas Aliyev. If we do not mention some to lag behind. We have also to be very specific aspects of the leader, we cannot careful and cautious with our science, give the true literary and historical values culture, and spirituality. This should not of his sayings about our great and ancient be given to the disposal of the market literature, classic word art, folklore, economy” (Heydar Aliyev, 1999, pp. culture and art, and finally about our 201 and 215). Literature and culture, as spiritual life. He loved his people and well as cultural politics occupied an ruled them with hard realities dictated by important place in H.Aliyev’s statehood the history. In particular, returning in conception. Later, he was capable to use 1993 (June 15), was succeeded to the art and philosophical opportunities of assemble and organize the people, who literature and culture as a fundamental of lost their way. In such circumstances, national ideology, belief of indep- Heydar Aliyev consolidated the people endence - philosophy of Azerbaijanism. and united them around a single idea. He Thanks to his right and deliberate policy, showed the people the way to go through taking into account the course of history, the history. He founded the science of the 1300th anniversary of “The Book of ruling not only everyone, but everything. Dede Korkut” epos, the 500th He directed the environment where the anniversary of the great poet M. Fuzuli people gathered. It was a true leadership. were celebrated globally as the events of Of course, the leader had a power, which science, culture, word art, and mentality, affected mass psychology quickly and V. 01 - Nº 01 - Ano 2020 – Special Edition 329 and introduced not only Azerbaijan, but separate literary personalities, literary also Turkic community to the world. stages and monuments. Giving the value of his wise policy, Azerbaijani President Ilham Research Aim Aliyev wrote in 2001: “The policy of the When determining the position Azerbaijani leadership is the only correct of epics, classic heritage, or literary and policy. It is also proved by life. cultural works of the twentieth-century Azerbaijan has managed crisis with in the literary and cultural movement in dignity. It has avoided the threat of civil a globalized world, H.Aliyev always war and the disintegration of society. At stated from the Turkic context. His present, Azerbaijan is experiencing concept was a universal theory with deep stability, strong economy, and much historical background.The main purpose work is being done for the of the article is to investigate the works democratization. Therefore, I am in the context of this concept. absolutely sure that this policy should be pursued now. It is no doubt. The current Research Methods policy should be followed for many The work uses system, decades. Otherwise, Azerbaijan may be structural and comparative methods of exposed to any kind of anarchy” research, the method of hermeneutic (Izvestia newspaper, May 19, 2001). analysis of the literary text. The concept of literary- historical process created by Heydar Development Aliyev was one of the main components At the third Congress of Writers of the culture of the Republic of of the Turkic world (6 November 1996), Azerbaijan. The target of which was the in his speech he said: “The Turkic- Turkic world. The great thinker was speaking peoples have provided great stating on behalf of the Turkic goal when contributions to the world culture and solving the most global problems, he was enriched it living in a large part of the referring to it directly. The ideals of ancient and centuries-old Eurasian Turkism were standing as the bases for continent. Throughout the life, the his attitudes to the literary history, Turkic peoples have faced various wars, threats and violence, which sometimes V. 01 - Nº 01 - Ano 2020 – Special Edition 330 threatened the existence of nations. appreciated not only as literary, as well However, the deep roots of our peoples as social and historical events. and their moral commitment with one The purifying role of religion in another have saved them at all stages, society, the history of spirituality is experiments, and brought to present invaluable. The last great religion of the days. We can be proud of our own world - Islam, which has deep historical and national roots and moral philosophical roots and divine values.” (Heydar Aliyev, 1999, p.338). foundations, is a democratic religion Thus, three important factors of the elevating a human personality. spiritual and historical existence of the Historically, “The Arabs have created Turks - genetic unity, language unity and the religion, and the Turks have religious unity are capable of creating a immortalized the religion.