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Strategiset Suunnittelupelit: Simcity Ja Civilization

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Strategiset Suunnittelupelit: Simcity Ja Civilization Strategiset suunnittelupelit: SimCity ja Civilization Pekka Hytinkoski HY, Ruralia-instituutti [email protected] Kaupunginrakennus- ja sivilisaatiosimulaatio (managerointipelit) Will Wright julkaisi vuonna 1989 SimCity-pelin, joka sekä aloitti menestyksekkään SimCity-pelisarjan (yli 18 miljoonaa myytyä peliä), loi käsitteen Sim-pelit (Sims, SimEarth, SimGolf, SimFarm, Spore jne.) että rohkaisi muita tulevia strategiapelien suunnittelijoita (Sid Meier: Civilization-pelisarjat; Peter Molyneux: Populous-, Black and White-, Dungeon Keeper -pelisarjat; Settlers- pelisarja, Age of Empires –pelisarja, ”Tycoon-pelit” – esim. Railroad Tycoon yms.) Sid Meierin Civilization –pelisarjan (yli 8 miljoonaa myytyä peliä) ensimmäinen osa julkaistiin 1991 ja ne ovat olleet alusta lähtien suosittuja strategiapelaajien ja peliarvostelijoiden keskuudessa. Sarjan kehuttu neljäs osa ilmestyi 2005, seuraavan viidennen osan odotetaan ilmestyvän loppuvuonna 2010. SimCity On open-ended –tyylinen strategia/managerointi-peli, jossa pelaajan tehtävä on rakentaa alusta lähtien toimiva ja taloudellisesti, ekologisesti ja sosiaalisesti kestävä kaupunki. Peli perustuu MIT:n professori Jay Forresterin Urban dynamics (1969) teokseen ja tietokonesimulaatioihin. Jos tämä onnistuu, niin peli ei pääty periaatteessa koskaan, vaan pelaaja pystyy koko ajan sekä laajentamaan, uudelleen rakentamaan että hienosäätämään kaupunkiaan. Peli alkaa satunnaisgeneraattorin luomasta ympäristöstä, jossa pelaajan tulee ”pormestarina” tehdä alusta lähtien oikeita ratkaisuja asuinalueiden, työpaikkojen, tehdasalueiden, sähkö- ja vesilinjojen, ympäristön yms. suhteen – melkoinen tehtävä! SimCity 3000 On lähinnä graafisesti ja teknisesti kehitetympi versio edellisestä SimCity 2000 –pelistä. Matemaattiset mallit toimivat kuitenkin yhä enemmän taustalla ja tekevät tilaa toiminnalliselle ja reagoivalle pelattavuudelle. Uusia haasteita pelissä tarjoavat esim. maanviljelyalueet ja jätteidenkäsittely sekä erilaiset osto- ja myyntisopimukset lähikaupunkien kanssa. Tarjoaa mahdollisuuden sekä valmiille kaupunki-skenaarioille että eri tavoin rakennetuille omille ratkaisuille. SimCity 4 Peli valmistui 2003 ja sen lisäosa saman vuoden loppupuolella (molemmat pelit sisältävä Deluxe-edition 2004). Sims-pelien huikea menestys näkyy SimCity 4:en suunnittelussa, vaikka Wright ei toiminut enää pelin pääsuunnittelijana: mikromanagerointia on vähennetty ja sekä tietojen graafiseen esitykseen että peliin grafiikkaan on panostettu. Mukana ovat myös katastrofit, jotka voivat olla satunnaisia tai itse aiheutettuja/laukaistuja (tulivuorenpurkaus, tulipalot, tornadot yms.) Uutuutena Jumala-moodi, jossa pelaaja pystyy muokkaamaan kaupunki-skenaarionsa olosuhteita entistä laajemmin/mielivaltaisemmin. Civilization Pelin aiheena on ihmiskunnan koko historia: sivilisaation synty, kehitys ja lopulta avaruuden kansoitus. Peli käynnistyy lähialueen kartoituksena. Sitä seuraavat oman sivilisaation laajentuminen, taloudenpito, teknologian kehittely, diplomatia ja lopulta (vääjäämätön?) sodankäynti muodostavat selkeän tehtävän ja tavoitteen. Pelissä haetaan erilaisin strategioin tasapainoa alati muuttuvissa skenaarioissa ja vaiheissa. Onnistuneen pelin lopuksi matkataan tähtiin. Civilization IV Civilization IV julkaistiin vuonna 2005 (lisäosia ja kokoelmia 2006-2008). Pelissä onnistuttiin vähentämään tai automatisoimaan aiemmin valtavaksi kasvanutta mikromanageroinnin määrää kuitenkaan ”tyhmentämättä” peliä. Myös tämä Civilization-peli käynnistyy kivikaudesta ja se tarjoaa pelaajalle 18 eri kansaa (esim. Arabit, Atsteekit, Kiina ja Venäjä) hallitsijoineen erilaisine peliin vaikuttavine luonteenpiirteineen, uskontojen vaikutusta, yhä monipuolisempia diplomaattisia vaikutusmahdollisuuksia ja teknisiä virstanpylväitä. Panostatko tieteelliseen kehitykseen, vahvaan sotilasvaltioon vai kestävään kehitykseen ja kulttuuriin? Pohdintaa I Civilization -pelit ovat SimCity-pelejä haastavampia ja monimutkaisempia, mutta Civ-pelejä äänestetään toistuvasti kaikkien aikojen parhaimpien pelien joukkoon (esim. IGN 2007 – best games of all times; Metacritic 2010 – PC: All time high scores; Gamerankings 2010 –All-time best). SimCity –pelien etuna on rajatumpi alue. Peli miellyttää niin itseään viihdyttävää casual-pelaajaa kuin todellista kotistrategia, joka toteuttaa ja testaa tarkkaan hiomiaan suunnitelmia. Myös Civilization –pelit sallivat kokeilevan pelaamisen, mutta lopulta pelin haastavuus ja monimutkaisuus pakottavat joko lopettamaan tai pelaamaan ”tosissaan”. Pohdintaa II Pelien tietomäärä on valtava ja sitä annostellaan pelaajalle sekä ”peruskaavioilla” että tarvittaessa myös lukuisilla hienosäädön mahdollistavilla raportti-ikkunoilla ja ”liukusäätimillä”. On mielenkiintoista tarkastella, millaisia skenaarioita, muuttujia ja työvälineitä sekä SimCity- että Civilization -pelit tarjoavat pelaajille. Myös pelien käsikirjoitus ja erilaiset juonenkäänteet/tarinat kiinnostavat – kuinka tekijät ovat pystyneet tasapainottamaan viihteellisyyden, tekoälyn ja riittävän erilaiset kokeellisetkin skenaariot? Molemmat pelit tarjoavat neuvonantajien vinkkejä erilaisiin pelin vaiheisiin ja käännekohtiin. Pohdintaa III Miten pelaajat pelaavat pelien skenaarioita? Mitkä ratkaisumallit ovat yleisimpiä? Miksi? Miten ja mihin suuntaan pelaajat muokkaavat pelejä? Voiko historiaa oppia kirjoista? Voiko historiaa oppia peleistä? Voidaanko pelejä käyttää erilaisten toimintamallien testaamiseen ja opettamiseen? Voidaanko suunnittelu- ja managerointipelejä käyttää tulevaisuuden ymmärtämisen välineinä? Näytteitä peleistä (YouTube) SimCity 3000: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fxvRImFf2ZE SimCity 4: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0NWGgHpLpBU Civilization IV (Beyond the Sword): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vwy3WMBqi84&hd=1 Civilization IV (Colonization): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eizi-Q38wVM KIITOS! Kuvat: Wikipedia, Gamespot.com, Maxis, Firaxis, Steam ja omat screencapturet. Pekka Hytinkoski Verkko-opetuskoordinaattori, KM HY, Ruralia-instituutti, Mikkeli Puh: 044 336 6126 Email: [email protected].
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