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BOOKS AND INFORMATION ON POLISH HISTORY AND CULTURE

General

Patrice Dabrowski, Poland: The First Thousand Years (2014) Avoiding academic prose yet precise, this sweeping overview of the history of Poland into the 21st century is engagingly written but geared toward more scholarly audiences. Excellent source of knowledge about outstanding individuals, major turning points, and origins of such memorable mottos as " for our freedom and yours" which reverberated through the long history of struggles for Poland's independence and freedom during the 19th and 20th centuries.

Norman Davies, God’s Playground: A History of Poland (several editions between 1981 and 2005) The first of the “modern” studies of Poland, this detailed history in two volumes (Volume 1: The origins to 1795 and Volume 2: 1795 to the present) is also widely viewed as one of the best English-language works on the subject. Davies is widely known as a prolific writer and an expert on Polish and European history.

Norman Davies, Europe: A History (1995) A highly innovative work that gives proper attention to Poland’s place in European history. From the review section of Good Reads website: "....histories should neither be told as stories or as simply a collection of facts, but something in between: Davies does it to near perfection. The writing is smooth and easily understandable for all."

John Radzilowski, A Traveller’s History of Poland (2007, 2nd edition in 2014) Not a travelogue but an outstanding account of Poland's complex history and ' invincible spirit. Designed for general audiences, this clearly written and well- organized book includes numerous illustrations, maps, timelines, lists of historical figures, and a gazetteer.

Adam Zamoyski, The Polish Way: A Thousand Year History of the Poles and Their Culture (1993 and later editions) Masterly and captivating work that presents Poland’s history with a literary slant and an eye for the audience with prior knowledge of the subject. The book is richly illustrated and includes some maps and a bibliography. Adam Zamoyski has also authored other valued works on Poland (e.g. The Last Kingdom of Poland, Holy Madness, 1920 - Lenin's Failed Conquest of Europe, The Forgotten Few: The Polish Air Force in World War II) as well as biographies of Frederic Chopin and .

Polish-American History

James Pula, Thaddeus Kosciuszko: The Purest Son of Liberty (1998) An excellent biography of Kosciuszko, the forward thinking patriot who fought for America’s and Poland's independence at the end of the 18th century.

Alex Storozynski, The Peasant Prince: Thaddeus Kosciuszko and the Age of Revolution (2010) A great read about the national hero of two nations. From the reviews on the Amazon website: "... one of the most entertaining, fascinating, and comprehensive nonfiction personal histories I have ever read. It reads as if it was made for the silver screen." and "While it should be mandatory reading for people with interests in Poland, it should also be mandatory for anyone interested in freedom."

Piotr Wandycz, The United States and Poland (1980) An outstanding study of the history of relations between Poland and the United States over the centuries. It is also the very first significant book that brings Polish Americans and Polonia (Polish community in America) into this story.

James Pula (editor), The Polish American (2011) The very best single volume detailing the story of the Polish migration and settlement experience in America. It covers the ties between Polonia and Poland and the people who are key to this story. The book belongs in every library in the United States and in the home of every Polish American who is interested in learning more about his or her heritage.

Donald Pienkos, Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow: The Story of the Polish National Alliance (2008) This detailed story of the largest and most significant Polish American organization includes a good discussion of Polonia's role in Poland’s liberation from Soviet domination in and after 1989, and its entry into NATO. Dr. Pienkos also wrote the official history of the Polish American Congress, For Your Freedom Through Ours: Polish American Efforts on Polands’ Behalf, 1863- 1991 (1991). Important Journals and Publishers Polish American Studies (semi-annual), Sarmatian Review (three times a year) and Polish Review (quarterly) Publishers: Hippocrene Books Publishing Company and Aquila Polonica Publishing

Poland in World War II

Józef Garliński, Poland in World War II (1985) A clear and comprehensive discussion of the place of Poland in this conflict. The author published several other useful books including works on the role of Polish mathematicians in breaking the Nazi German “Enigma” machine code before World War II and on the resistance movement in the German concentration camp in Auschwitz.

Halik Kochanski, The Eagle Unbowed (2012) An unmatched synthesis of Poland’s experience in World War II. The author deftly integrates operational analysis with complex internal ’s armed forces in exile. Her account of the Polish Resistance and the 1944 Warsaw Uprising is excellent; and her treatment of Polish-Jewish relations is well-balanced.

Kenneth Koskodan No Greater Ally: The Untold Story of Poland’s Forces in World War II (2011) From the Amazon website: "The story of millions of young men and women who gave everything for freedom and in the final victory lost all. In a cruel twist of history, the monumental struggles of an entire nation have been largely forgotten, and even intentionally obscured."

Richard Lukas, Forgotten Holocaust: The Poles under German Occupation 1939- 1944 (2017) If you were raised on the belief that only Jews suffered at the hands of the Nazis, you are in for a shock in reading this thorough account of the barbaric murder of 3 million Polish gentiles by the Germans during World War II as well as the cultural genocide of Poland (the systematic German practice of destroying any traces of Polish culture). The book also includes the story of ŻEGOTA, the underground organization that helped to save thousands of Jews, and an annotated list of Poles executed by Germans for helping the Jews.

Richard Lukas, Out of the Inferno: Poles Remember the Holocaust (1989) An anthology of gripping recollections of 60 Poles who survived the atrocities of German occupation of Poland in World War II. Many stories focus on participation in resistance and/or efforts to help/ save Jewish countrymen - even though German occupiers punished them by death to the helpers and their families.

Władysław Szpilman, The Pianist (1999) Personal account of a Polish Jews survival in Warsaw, 1939-1945. Szpilman’s shock and ensuing numbness become ours, so the acts of ordinary kindness or humanity of those who helped him survive take on an aura of miracle.

Miscellaneous Topics

Piotr Wandycz, The Lands of Partitioned Poland, 1795-1918 (1974) A highly useful study of the Polish lands under foreign rule from the end of the 18th century until 1918. It makes interesting reading for Polish Americans who wish to learn more about their immigrant ancestors’ origins and the conditions which led them to leave for America.

Peter Hetherington, Unvanquished: Joseph Pilsudski, Resurrected Poland and the Struggle for Eastern Europe (2014) This work expertly combines biography (Pilsudski lived from 1867 to 1935) with the discussion of the larger story of Poland’s political experience up to World War II. Pilsudski was arguably the most important of the three main statesmen (Ignacy Paderewski and Roman Dmowski are the others) playing the leading roles in the resurrection of an independent Polish state in 1918, after 123 years under foreign domination.

Adam Zamoyski, Paderewski (1982) A captivating biography of the cherished pianist and using his worldwide fame to promote the idea of an independent Poland. He is widely credited for his role in the U.S president including the creation of Polish sovereign statehood as one of the prerequisite peace conditions (The Fourteen Points) for ending the World War I. While representing Poland at the Paris Peace Conference (1919), Paderewski also served as Poland's Prime Minister and its Minister of Foreign Affairs.

Piotr Wandycz, The Price of Freedom (1992) History of east/ countries that became free of Soviet domination after 1989 ( Poland, Hungary, Slovakia and the Czech Republic). Despite obvious differences, these countries remain connected by a certain "similarity of fate" and bonds forged under the rule of the kings reigning between the 14th and 16th centuries.

M.B. Biskupski, Hollywood’s War with Poland, 1939-1945 (2010) An indispensable work discussing an important question: Why has the story of Poland (and Polish Americans) received so little or no constructive attention in Hollywood motion pictures ? With a persuasive explanation, this book tackles the problem of Poland’s low profile and misrepresentation in mass media.

Other notable historians and authors MarianImportant Kamil Dziewanowski - Authorsoutstanding historian of Poland, and modern Central Europe. Jan Nowak, Jan Karski, and Stefan Korboński - three post WorldImportant War II émigrés and authorsAuthors of outstanding works on Polish themes. Neal Pease - award winning historian of the in 20th century Poland.

Treasures of

Adam Mickiewicz (1798-1855) Widely regarded as Poland’s National Poet, Mickiewicz wrote during Poland’s Romantic Period. Known chiefly for the poetic drama “” (Forefathers’ Eve) and the national epic poem “: The Last Foray in Lithuania,” described on the Amazon website as "a towering achievement of European literature." His poems read beautifully in Polish but language and metering tend to dull the in English. Hopefully, this changes with a new of "Pan Tadeusz" by Bill Johnston, the award-winning translator of Polish literature. The book is scheduled for release on September 18, 2018. In the meantime, and if you don’t read Polish, read the poet's acclaimed biography ", The Life of a Romantic" by Roman Koropeckyj (2008).

Polish Winners of the (1846-1916) Nobel Prize in Literature Winner of the 1905 Nobel Prize in Literature, Henryk 1905 Henryk Sienkiewicz Sienkiewicz is one of Poland’s finest and most prolific 1924 Władysław Reymont authors known for his historical novels. The immense popularity he enjoyed during his lifetime continues to 1978 () this day in Poland and abroad. He gained the fame 1980 Czesław Miłosz internationally with , a book about early 1996 Wisława Szymborska Christianity in Rome. His other great masterwork is , translated by the Polish American novelist W.S. Kuniczak. In dramatic, even thrilling fashion, its three volumes entitled With Fire and Sword, The Deluge and Fire in the Steppe cover the saga of the wars fought by the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 17th century.

Zbigniew Herbert (1924-1998) With 2018 declared as the Year of Herbert by the Polish Senate, a tribute is paid to one of the greatest and most translated Polish and European writers of poems, essays and drama of the 20th century. In the opinion of many, he deserved a Nobel Prize for his work focused on human dignity under assault in the chaos of oppressive regimes. 's short study ", 1924-1998" with selected poems (some translated by Czesław Miłosz) and essays is a good starting point to become familiar with one the most admired and respected voices associated with Poland. Books About Polish Literature Czesław Miłosz A Survey of Polish Literature (1990) An interesting, informative, if often opinion filled introduction to a vast subject that is nearly unknown among Americans.

Michael Mikos has published an impressive series of anthologies of Polish literature in specific periods ranging from Medieval to Contemporary.

Polish Religious Figures

Saint Maximillian Kolbe (1894-1941) Patricia Treece's book "A Man for Others, Maximillian Kolbe, Saint of Auschwitz in the Words of Those Who Knew Him" is the best biography of the "martyr of charity" who gave his life for another prisoner at the German concentration camp at Auschwitz. With doctorates in philosophy and theology, he was a simple and unassuming man who continued his pastoral work in the midst of horrors of Auschwitz . His inspiring story is told in the word of those who personally knew this scholar, publisher and priest.

Blessed Mary Angela Truszkowska (1825-1899) Foundress of the (Congregation of Sisters of St. Third Order Regular of St. ). This order, founded in Warsaw in 1855, is dedicated to teaching, caring for and serving those in need (sick, homeless and abandoned). Since the first five Felician sisters arrived to Wisconsin in 1874 and worked primarily with Polish immigrants, the order's presence increased dramatically in the world. Currently about 1,800 Felician sisters serve various communities across the United States, Canada, Europe and South America.

Saint Maria Faustina Kowalska (1905-1938) Known as "the apostle of Divine Mercy", she captured in her "Diary of Saint Maria Faustina Kowalska: Divine Mercy in My Soul" the essence of God's Divine Mercy revealed to her during prayers. In tribute to her role in bringing the Divine Mercy devotion to the Church, Pope Francis entrusted the Holy Year 2016 to Saint Faustina and made it the Jubilee of Mercy. Along with Saint John Paul II, a passionate devotee of Divine Mercy, she was a patron saint of 2016 World Youth Day (WYD) in Kraków. Millions of 2016 WYD participants took home St. Faustina's message with the event's theme " ‘Blessed are the merciful, for they will receive mercy.”

Saint John Paul II (1920-2005) "Witness to Hope: The Biography of Pope John Paul II" by George Weigel is the authoritative portrayal of a leader whose religious convictions changed the course of history. The story of Karol Wojtyla begins in a small town in Austria-controlled Poland. It takes him through his coming of age in World War II, where he became a priest and resisted the Nazis through acting and the writing of plays promoting Polish culture. Later Wojtyla defined the theological line of battle with communism for the soul of Poland and for all those living under oppressive rule elsewhere.

Saint Stanislaus Kostka (1550-1568) This patron saint of youth, young students and "holy disobedience" was canonized in 1726. Born into Polish nobility, he disobeyed his parents and walked 500 miles from Vienna to Rome to become a Jesuit. He entered the novitiate at the age of 17 but died just 10 months later. Many parishes, seminaries and schools all over the world are named after this young saint. Among them, the St. Stanislaus Kostka church in Chicago is revered as the 'mother church' of all Polish churches in the United States, while another historical church of St. Stanislaus Kostka in Winona, Minnesota had recently elevated its status to the minor basilica (2011).

Museums, Libraries and Sports Hall of Fame

Polish Museum of America 984 N. Milwaukee Ave., Chicago, Illinois A museum dedicated to collecting, preserving, Museums in Poland interpreting, and showcasing materials that There are hundreds of incredible museums in chronicle Polish history and the Polish American Poland that are a must to see whether you are experience. The museum houses a library and an a casual traveler, art lower or history buff. Our art gallery, with sections highlighting prominent three selections include: Poles. Among the library holdings are personal The National Museum of Warsaw - one of the effects and correspondence of Kosciusko, largest museums in Poland with an immense Paderewski, and St. John Paul II. The library collection of Polish paintings dating back to the holdings include also maps, oral histories, films 16th century, foreign paintings (Italian, French, and musical recordings. Flemish, Dutch, German and Russian), oriental art, applied art and numismatics. The museum is one of the National Museum of Poland University of Wisconsin-Madison branches located in Kraków, Gdańsk, Wrocław, Memorial Library Szczecin, Kielce, Łowicz, and so on. 728 State St, Madison, WI 53706 Rynek Underground - state of the art exhibit The library holds an impressive amount of situated underneath the Kraków'sSukiennice, Poland-related publication within its Slavic & the Cloth Hall), (a central point of Eastern European Studies Collection. The Polish the main market square declared as one of the Collection was started in the 1930s by Witold first UNESCO World Heritage Sites declared in Doroszewski (a distinguished Polish linguist and 1978), Above the ground level merchant lexicographer) and Józef Birkenmajer (Polish space, the hall houses a gallery of the 19-th Slavist, poet, translator and literature historian). century . The underground museum Its extensive holdings include a collection of features remains of medieval constructions, Polish Solidarity materials. workshops and aqueducts as well as hundreds of holograms and 3D models truthfully

recreating the atmosphere of medieval Kraków. University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Golda Meir Library Ulma Family Museum of Poles Saving Jews in 2311 E Hartford Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53211 World War II (Markowa, Podkarpacie) - tells the story of Joseph Ulma, his pregnant wife The library houses the Roman Kwasniewski and their six children ranging in age from 2 to photo collection. Kwasniewski was a 8, all executed by Germans when they professional photographer who created an discovered that the family was harboring Jews archive of over 32,000 images taken primarily in on their farm. What happened to the Ulma Polish American neighborhoods between the family illustrates the larger picture of over World Wars. It shows photos of street scenes, 1,000 Poles killed in the Podkarpackie region local businesses, buildings, sports teams and for helping and sheltering the area Jews. church and social groups. The library also houses Thousands of similar atrocities have been many Poland-related maps in its American documented in other parts of Poland. Geographical Society Collection.

National Polish American Sports Hall of Fame 2975 E. Maple St., Troy, Michigan The NPASHF was established to recognize and preserve outstanding achievement by individuals of Polish Heritage in the field of sports. Among the hundreds of inductees are: Basketball: Mike Krzyzewski, Duke University Head Coach Baseball: Stan Musial, Carl Yastremski, and Joe and Phil Niekro (winners of 539 MLB games) Football: Mike Ditka, Johnny Lujack, Bob Skoronski, and Zeke Bratkowski Motorsports: Alan Kulwicki and Brad Keselowski.

Polish

Fredrick Chopin (1810-1849) Drawing from the of Poland, Chopin’s compositions introduced and to the ballrooms and salons of Europe, and expressed his Polish identity. Today, a pianists’ merit is often judged by his or her mastery of Chopin’s music. Artistically he is the giant of Polish music. Adam Zamoyski's Chopin, Prince of Romantics (2011) is the best biography of Chopin to date.

Stanislaw Moniuszko (1819-1879) Conductor, teacher and composer inspired by folk and patriotic , Moniuszko is called the Father of the Polish National .

Ignacy Paderewski (1860-1941) First an internationally renowned concert pianist and composer, Paderewski later became the newly independent Poland’s first Prime Minister and Foreign Minister in 1919 (see p. 5 of this brochure for notes on Zamoyski's excellent biography of Paderewski).

Other noted include Karol Kurpiński (1785-1857), Maria Agata Szymanowska (1789-1831), (1835-1880) and his younger brother Józef Wieniawski (1837-1912), viewed as one of Europe's finest of his time.

Karol Szymanowski (1882-1937) The most celebrated and internationally recognized Polish composer of the early 20th century. His diverse compositions included symphonies, ballets, , and numerous orchestral and instrumental works that continue to be performed by the most celebrated soloists, choirs and orchestras in the world.

Grazyna Bacewicz (1909-1969) A virtuoso violinist, she was one of the most gifted women composers of the 20th century and the second to have achieved national and international recognition, with being the first in the early 19th century.

The newest crop of world-famous classical composers from Poland include Witold Lutosławski (1913- 1994), Henryk Górecki (1933-2010), (born 1933) and (1932-2013), who was very successful also in composing film music. His best known and award-winning film scores were written for Francis Ford Coppola's Bram Stoker's Dracula (1992) and Roman Polanski's The Pianist (2002). From Poland comes also a number of internationally acclaimed musicians including , Tomasz Stańko, Włodek Pawlik, Adam Makowicz, Leszek Możdżer and Michał Urbaniak.

Special Note: In the case of one artist being the inspiration for another; Korczak Ziolkowski Websites to visit for more information sculpted a marble bust of Ignacy Paderewski and about Polish music of different genres: won first place in the sculpture competition at the 1939 New York World’s Fair. This award Polish Music Center (Thornton School of drew him to the attention of Lakota Sioux Chiefs Music) at the University of Southern California who asked Ziolkowski to create a sculpture of Visit www.polmic.pl for the extensive updates Crazy Horse in the Black Hills of South Dakota. on current events in Polish music This work begun in 1947 will take several more Check also poloniamusic.com for Polish folk, generations to complete. When finished, it will classical, Christmas, dance and other music be the largest sculpture in the world.

Dances of Poland National dances of Poland have strong roots in folk dances, described expertly in the book and : Step by Step Guide by Milwaukee's own Ada Dziewanowska, who was the Artistic Director and Choreographer of the Syrena Polish Ensemble of Milwaukee.

Five dances are historically recognized as Poland's national dances including the Polonez (), Mazur (), , and . Contrary to popular beliefs, the is not one of them (it originated in Bohemia), although it's name is derived from the word meaning a Polish female.

The stately Polonez (Polonaise) is performed at a walking pace to its own style of music. It originated as the folk dance called "pacer" or "walker" but took on its formal identity after it was introduced to the French royal court in the 17th century. The dance quickly became popular on other European courts and many of the world's top composers wrote music in the Polonaise style. To name a few, they included Johann Sebastian Bach, Georg Philipp Telemann, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and of course, Frédéric Chopin.

Mazur (Mazurka) is a lively dance that probably came from the region of east-central Poland and transitioned into the stylized dance that gained popularity around the world. In Poland it is done either in the form close to its folk roots or in the stylized form exemplified by two mazurkas from Stanisław Moniuszko's operas and (Straszny Dwór). In a variety of styles and tempos, the dance is still revered in Cape Verde Islands, Cuba, Curaçao, France, Philippines and Portugal. Its slower versions remain popular in Belgium, Netherlands, Brazil and French Caribbeans. In , the best known are the 69 mazurkas of Frédéric Chopin, while the ballet lovers enjoy mazurkas from Léo Delibes' Coppélia and Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake, Eugene Onegin and Sleeping Beauty. Krakowiak is also fast paced but in contrast to the polonez and mazurka, it came from the Kraków region in south-central Poland. It is a syncopated dance done in moving group formations (as pictured to the left). It has also some renditions in Chopin's music but the popularity it once enjoyed in ballrooms of Vienna and Paris has since waned.

The fastest of Polish national dances is Oberek, performed with constant turns and many jumps and lifts. On the other hand kujawiak is the slowest of Polish dances. It's name derives from Kujawy, the region of its origin located just west of Mazowsze, where oberek and mazurka come from.

Scores of other dances are enjoyed in Poland but most of them are localized to specific regions (for example, the highlander dances from Tatra Mountains or Kashubian dances from north-central Poland).

POLISH CUISINE

Marianna Dvorak, Authentic Polish cooking: 150 mouthwatering recipes, from old-country staples to exquisite modern cuisine (2012) An impressive collection of one hundred fifty Polish recipes, including kielbasa shish kebabs, potato dumplings, beef tripe soup, cucumber salad, and Polish doughnuts.

Anne Applebaum, Danielle Crittenden, Bogdan Biały, Dorota Biały, From a Polish country house kitchen: 90 recipes for the ultimate comfort food (2012) A beguiling cookbook with over 90 recipes for classic and contemporary Polish foods with over 150 splendid photographs illuminating Poland's vibrant food culture.

Rose Wysocki, Perfect Pierogi Recipes (2013) Fifty one recipes for 10 different pierogi doughs (traditional and contemporary), 15 savory fillings, 6 sweet fillings, 5 types of toppings, 9 compound butters and 6 delicious sauces.

Anna Novak, Authentic And Traditional Pierogi Recipes: Discover The Simple Art of Making Pierogi at Home with A Wide Variety of Main and Desert Pierogi Recipes to Suit Every Taste (Kindle Edition)

Peter Zeranski, Laura Zeranski, Polish Classic Recipes (Pelican's Series) (2011) Organized by course, the books features recipes for everything from appetizers to sweets, including the iconic hunter's stew and barszcz -- as well as signature deserts such as honey cake, poppy seed rolls and chocolate mazurka.

Zuza Zak, : New Polish Cooking (2016) A young food writer presents a new, fresh look on Polish food including lavishly photographed snacks, party foods, soups, preserves, breads, fish, meat & poultry dishes , salads, and desserts - all with notes on the geographical, historical and economic context.

Danuta Zamojska-Hutchins, Cooking the Polish way (2002) Introduces the land, culture, and cuisine of Poland with numerous recipes and information on health cooking (low-fat, vegetarian), holiday traditions and festivals.

Peter Zeranski, Laura Zeranski, Polish Classic Deserts (Pelican's Classics Series) (2013) Poland's sweetest traditions: from simple cookies to special treats such as pączki, babas, mazurkas, torts, chrust (known also as angel wings) and szarlotka (apple cake).

Organizations Promoting Knowledge and Appreciation of Polish Heritage

The Polish Heritage Alliance of Wisconsin sponsors the annual Polish Fest in Milwaukee and operates the Polish Center of Wisconsin. The Center provides a beautiful venue for cultural events and houses a library maintained by Polanki (see below) and featuring a collection of books, magazines and films in Polish and English language.

Polanki, the Polish Women's Cultural Club of Milwaukee, Wisconsin Founded in 1953, the group is dedicated to preserving and sharing Polish culture. Through a strong relationship with the Polish Heritage Alliance of Wisconsin, Polanki members operate a library and gift shop located in the Polish Center, hosts an impressive booth during the annual Polish Fest in Milwaukee, and offers several scholarships to promote and encourage Polish-related studies .

Polish Heritage Society Serving Northeastern Wisconsin Hosts cultural and holiday events in the Green Bay area. Publishes a bimonthly newsletter covering news from Poland and Polonia (Polish -American communities around the world).

Polonia Sport Club - Franklin, Wisconsin Known for its soccer programs held on its own fields, It also hosts social and cultural events for its members and the public.

The Polish Heritage Awareness Society of Central Wisconsin Serving Central Wisconsin’s Polish community from Stevens Point, this organization sponsors Dozynki, a fall harvest festival, based on festivals still observed in Poland. It also sponsors Dozynki scholarships given to area students.

The Polish Heritage Club of Wisconsin-Madison Serves Americans of Polish ancestry in sharing the history and and America. It sponsors several well-attended events (Spring Festival, Christmas Bazaar, Wigilia) in the Madison area and offers scholarships to students residing in Wisconsin and interested in and culture.

The Polish Studies Committee of the UW-Milwaukee A source of knowledge on Poland and Polish American subjects. Contact Dr. Donald Pienkos at [email protected].

The Polish American Congress - Wisconsin Division The Polish American Congress was formed in 1944 in support of Poland’s freedom and independence. It seeks involvement of Polish Americans in the civic affairs of the United States, and the sharing of knowledge of Poland’s rich history and culture. The Wisconsin Division has always been one of its most active units.

This booklet was compiled by Irena Frączek, Dr. Donald Pienkos and David Rydzewski. Its printing was sponsored by members of the Wisconsin Division of the Polish American Congress.

Visit our website at http://pacwisconsin.com