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Hovering Craft & Hydrofoil Magazine October 1964 Volume 4 Number 1

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Hovering Craft & Hydrofoil Magazine October 1964 Volume 4 Number 1 ''ERING CRAFT THE INTER. .i CUSHION VEHICLES AND HYDROFOILS SPECIAL RUSSIA N ISSUE iber 1 KALERGHI PUBLICATIONS OCTOBER 1964 HOVERING CRAFT & HYDROFOIL FOUNDED OCTOBER 1961 An artist's impression of the Viekers VA-4 at m Jerry quay. first Hovering Craft IL Hydrofoil Monthly in the World For fitrthcr dctuils see page 4 of this issrtc HYDROFOILS AND ACVs IN THE USSR A stafeincnt for Hovering Craft and Hydrofoil's Special Russian issue by Engineer Vladitnir I. Kiryushin, Second Secretary of the Department of Science and Technology at the USSR Et7zbassy in London N recent years many countries have been devoting great completed this year. intended for Sast passenger service between attention to the building of hydrofoils and air - cushion towns. Vessels of this type seem likely to prove uscful to I replace, or to supplement, the hydrol'oil vessels which are now vehicles, among these being the USSR, where scientific research running regular services on many of the great rivers of and constructional work is going on in these fields. The survey Siberia, such as the Ob', the Yenisyey, the Lyena and others, which appears in this issue of Hovering Craft K. Hydrofoil is as they would enable passenger transport services to be based on articles which have been published in various Soviet maintained throughout the year, i.e. even when the rivers newspapers and technical journals, and gives some idea of the are ice-bound. It is particularly noteworthy, moreover, that actual work on methods of calculation and construction of air-cushion vehicles are very useful as a means of transport in new types of hydrofoils and ACVs which has been carried those parts of the USSR which have only recently been out in the USSR. opened up, and where there are still few roads and railway It must be well known that the USSR has accumulated a lines. good deal of experience in the construction of hydrofoil Work on the development of air-cushion vessels is conducted vessels, which are nowadays in regular service in various parts in close collaboration with various scientific research estab- of that country. Cireat attention is now being paid there, more- lishments, and the industrial establishments concerned have over, to the development ol air-cushion vehicles, for which benefited greatly from the help of the celebrated research wide use may be found in the conditions which obtain in the workers of N. Ye. Zhukovskiy Institute of Aerodynamics. The USSR, owing to the geographical and climatic conditions oE Director of that Institute, the famous Soviet aircraft designer, certain areas, in which the use of air-cushion vehicles is pre- V. M. Myasischev, visited Britain recently, together with ferable to that of other means of transport. several other specialists of the Soviet aircraft industry, as Krasnoye Sormovo shipyard at Gorki, on the River Volga, guests ol the Society of British Aircraft Constructors, for the is building an air-cushion vehicle, the Delfirz, which will be 1964 Farnborough Air Show. Areas for the Effective Use of Hydrofoil Vessels OCTOBER,1964 VOL 4, NO 1 and Hovercraft 3 People and Projects 4 Editor: The Latest in Soviet Hovercraft 8 JUANITA KALERGHI A New Type of Engine for Hydrofoil Vessels 10 HOVERING CRAFT AND HYDROFOIL is produced by Kalernhi Psblicarions. 53-55 Beak Street, London, 1V1. Development of Anti-Cavitation Erosion Alloys 12 T~lrphone:GERrnrd 5895. Prrfrte(1 in Great Brirain hy Vil!ie~ Puhlicarions, Londorr, NWS Anrrrral srrh- A Note Concerning Cavitation on Hydrofoil Propellers 14 scrrprron: Fi1.e Grrirtens UK and eqrrivalcnr over.7Pa.s. USA urid Ca~iacla$15. There rrre rwelve issrrcs arrnuall),. Across the Solent, 1964 16 Corrtenrs of this issrre ore rhc copyriphr of Kalerphi Pt~blicarions. Permission to rcpvoduce picrrrres and rcxr Practical Experience with cnrr be prurlred only under ~vrirrcri ngreement. Exrr(rcls the Power Unit of the Hydrofoil Motorboat "Vikhr" 18 or corrrrncnrs nay be ntnde with due rtckno~olcdpen~err~ ro Hoorrirrp Craft find Hydro Joil. The Determination of the Stability of Vessels on Shallow-Submerged Foils 20 ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVES GREAT BRITAIN B EUROPE: Ifrrcrnatiorinl Grapliic Stability of the Terraplane on the Ground 22 Press Ltd, 2 Dyers Brrildi~rgs, Londo~i, ECI; NORTH AIMERICA: 1Y. J. Moslsr.~orr Co, 110s 298, YOII~P~SI, NPIV York. USA; JAPAN: Japnn Trnde Service LrJ, iMrrsatni Brrilding. 1;ZU Knfrda Jb~rhaclro. Chivodn-ku. COVER PICTURE : Three Russian hydrofoils of the "Rakcta" Tokyo, Japmr: HOLLAND: G. Artrolrl Tt.esirrg, A~nsrer- arld "Sputnik" class at speed on the Volga. (Photograph by dam-Z, Rrrhenssrraor 68a. Hollnrrd. corrrtesy of "Tass") Areas for the effective use of hydrofoil vessels Figure I. Specific powers and hovercraft Hovercraft (hoverheight 8 in) • Hydrofoil vessels - - - - - Line of equal specific power for hydrofoil vcssels and hovercraft Engineer V. M. Pashin INCE the range of speeds attainable by hydrofoil vessels and S hovercraft, respectively, overlap each other, the deter- mination ol' the point at which, lrom a power point of view, one or the other of these two types of vessel becomes the more efficient for normal use, must be arrived at by com- parison of the power per unit weight required for each of the types for various dimensions and at various speeds. So Car as hydrofoil vessels are concerned, the specific power was worked out and shown in a Paper on "Hydrofoil Vessels", presented by M. V. Shaybo of the Academy of Sciences, to the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1962, and published in Interavia IV, Vol 16, No 4, 1961, pp 479-484. It was assumed in that Paper that foils working in sub-cavitating conditions would be used at speeds ol up to 60 knots, after which these would be replaced by foils working in super-cavitating conditions. The results arrived at were as follows: at 50 knots. 55 hp/ton; at 70 knots, Figure 2. Areas of effective use, from a dy~zamicpoitlt of 110 hp/ton; and 90 knots, 200 hp/ ton. Changes dependent on view, of hydrofoil vcssels and side-wall hovercraft tit variorrs the dimensions of the vessel were too insignificant to be taken hover heights into account (Transactions of the Society of Naval Architects ----- Curves of constant power of 50,000 hp and Engineers, Vol 67, 1959, pp 686-714). The specific power for hovercraft of the air-cushion type were calculated by applying the exponential theory to a two- dimensional plan (lolrr~icilof the Aerospace Scietlces, VII, Vol 29, No 7, 1962). and it will be seen from Fig. 1 that it changes with the increase of the dimensions of the hovercraft. Similar changes are observed with a side-wall hovercraft also. Fig. 1 shows the curve for a constant power of 50,000 hp (which may be obtained either with a nuclear power installation (Trans- trctions oJ the Socicty of Ntival Architects trrzd Engineers, Vol 67, 1959. pp 686-714) or with a gas turbine installation (Hover- ing Crrift tu~dHydrofoil, Vol I, No 7, 1962). By using graphical representation similar to that used in Fig. 1. it is possible to determine the speed and weight of hydrofoil vessels and hovercraft, respectively, at which the specific power will be the same (Figs 2 & 3). Comparison of the dynamic characteristics of hydrofoil vessels makes it possible to arrive at the following conclusion: 1. At speeds of 70-80 knots with vessels of small dimen- sions, corresponding with displacements of 50-100 tons, hydro- foil vessels are the more eflicient, so far as power consurnp- tion is concerned. With larger vessels, however, hovercraft are a preferable. 2. Proportionally as the speed is reduced and the hover- height is increased, the range over which hovercraft may be Figure 3. Arcas of etfective usc, from a dynamic poitit oJ used economically becomes smaller. vic~,.,of hydrofoil vessels and air cushion vehicles Adapi~dtranslotion from Rirssian of an article in "Sudoslroyeniye", No .5, 1964 M. A. Yrrr~li,v,Dircccor of the Krusr~oyrSorr~ro~~o Slripycrrd, trr~rlH. E. Alc.rcyr~,,Lct~itl Prizc I.trrrrctr/c ntld Clric.1 Desigrrer of /Ire Shipyard, sc~rt ~virh111e modcl of tr IICIV ,c~trtrr-jc/propcll(,d hydrofoil People and Projects Thc world's largest hydrofoil-a 112 million virtually all- Viekers-Armqlrongs Itd havc now finalized the dcsign of aluminium experimental craft ior the US Navy -is being thcir new hovercraft, the VA-4. Initially schemed to carry built in Scattle by Puget Sound Bridge and Dry Dock Com- twenty-four cars and 200 passengers, the 150 ton craft will be pany, a subsidiary of Lockhecd Aircraft Corporation, for capable of a top speed of ovcr XOmph. with an endurance delivcry in autumn 1965. of thrcc-and-a-half hours providing an elfcctivc operating Designated thc AG(EH) Hydrofoil Research ship, the craft rangc. The incorporation of the Vickers flcxible skirt system will be 220 it 5 in long and 40 ft 5 in in beam, with a dis- will enable the craft to operate at spccds of 50mph in 6 ft placement of 300 tons. It will be more than twice the size of wave cond~tions. any hydrofoil in existence. Lectdirzg particrtlnrs : The ship will be of all-welded aluminium construction All up weight: I50 tons csccpt for foils and struts, which will be of steel. Of the more Disposable load : 65 tons than 250.000 1b of aluminium that will go into the hydro- Length overall: 133 I't foil, at least 200,000 Ib will be in the form of large extrusions, Width overall: 71 11 sorne as long as 40 1'1.
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