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Andrea Principi Per H. Jensen Giovanni Lamura ACTIVE AGEING Voluntary Work by Older People in Europe

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Andrea Principi Per H. Jensen Giovanni Lamura ACTIVE AGEING Voluntary Work by Older People in Europe ACTIVE AGEING VOLUNTARY WORK BY OLDER PEOPLE IN EUROPE EDITED BY Andrea Principi Per H. Jensen Giovanni Lamura ACTIVE AGEING Voluntary work by older people in Europe Edited by Andrea Principi, Per H. Jensen and Giovanni Lamura First published in Great Britain in 2014 by Policy Press North America office: University of Bristol Policy Press 6th Floor c/o The University of Chicago Press Howard House 1427 East 60th Street Queen’s Avenue Chicago, IL 60637, USA Clifton t: +1 773 702 7700 Bristol BS8 1SD f: +1 773-702-9756 UK [email protected] t: +44 (0)117 331 5020 www.press.uchicago.edu f: +44 (0)117 331 5369 [email protected] www.policypress.co.uk © Policy Press 2014 The digital PDF version of this title [978-1-4473-5476-5] is available Open Access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits adaptation, alteration, reproduction and distribution for non- commercial use, without further permission provided the original work is attributed. The derivative works do not need to be licensed on the same terms. An electronic version of this book [978-1-4473-5476-5] is freely available, thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high quality books Open Access for the public good. More information about the initiative and links to the Open Access version can be found Knowledge Unlatched at www.knowledgeunlatched.org. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book has been requested ISBN 978 1 44730 720 4 hardcover The right of Andrea Principi, Per H. Jensen and Giovanni Lamura to be identified as editors of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved: no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission of Policy Press. The statements and opinions contained within this publication are solely those of the authors and not of the University of Bristol or Policy Press. The University of Bristol and Policy Press disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any material published in this publication. Policy Press works to counter discrimination on grounds of gender, race, disability, age and sexuality. Cover design by Andrew Corbett Printed and bound in Great Britain by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY Policy Press uses environmentally responsible print partners Contents List of tables and figures v Notes on the contributors ix Acknowledgements xiv Foreword by Jeni Warburton xv Part I: Realising volunteering by older people in Europe An overarching approach one Introduction: enhancing volunteering in later life in Europe 3 Per H. Jensen and Andrea Principi two Volunteering in older age: a conceptual and analytical 21 framework Per H. Jensen, Giovanni Lamura and Andrea Principi Part II: Opportunities and restrictions for older volunteers National experiences three Older volunteers in Italy: an underestimated phenomenon? 47 Andrea Principi, Carlos Chiatti and Giovanni Lamura four Older volunteers in Denmark: a large voluntary sector in 71 a highly developed welfare state Per H. Jensen five Older volunteers in Germany: opportunities and 93 restrictions in the welfare mix Paula Aleksandrowicz, Doris Bockermann and Frerich Frerichs six Older volunteers in England: towards greater flexibility 119 and inclusiveness? Robert Lindley, Beate Baldauf, Sheila Galloway and Yuxin Li seven Older volunteers in France: recognising their social utility 149 in a less and less corporatist welfare state Marielle Poussou-Plesse, Elena Mascova and Mélissa Petit eight Older volunteers in Poland: the heritage of a Socialist 173 regime Konrad Turek and Jolanta Perek-Białas nine Older volunteers in Sweden: a welfare state in transition 197 Per-Åke Andersson and Dominique Anxo ten Older volunteers in the Netherlands: new challenges to 217 an old tradition Joop Schippers and Wieteke Conen iii Active ageing Part III: Opportunities and restrictions for older volunteers Case studies in European voluntary organisations eleven Voluntary organisations’ characteristics and practices 245 towards older volunteers Andrea Principi and Jolanta Perek-Białas twelve Organisational reflections on the impact of working and 275 caring on older volunteering Robert Lindley and Andrea Principi thirteen Organisations’ age management of older volunteers: 297 pointing to the future Joop Schippers and Andrea Principi Part IV: Conclusions fourteen Conclusions: enhancing volunteering by older people 315 in Europe Andrea Principi, Giovanni Lamura and Per H. Jensen Index 343 iv List of tables and figures Tables 2.1 Structuring mechanisms behind the extent and character of 23 voluntary work among older adults 3.1 Population volunteering in an organisation in the last 52 12 months, 1999-2010 (%) 3.2 Number of volunteers by main sector of activity, 1995-2003 54 3.3 Activity in voluntary organisations at least once a year, 2010 55 3.4 Number of volunteers by main sector of activity and age 56 group, 2003 4.1 Proportions of the Danish population performing voluntary 76 work during 2004, by sector and gender (%) 4.2 Voluntary work by sector and age (%) 77 4.3 Motives reported for volunteering, according to age and 79 gender, 2002 (%) 4.4 Factors that initiated older adults volunteering, 2004 (%) 85 5.1 Share of population participating in volunteering (%) 98 5.2 Top three areas of voluntary activity (by number oF 99 volunteers) provided by the German population, 2004 5.3 Main areas of voluntary activity of older Germans, 2004 101 5.4 Gender-specific rates of voluntary activity, 2002 (%) 102 6.1 Types of organisation helped through regular formal 126 volunteering in the 12 months before interview, by age group and gender, England, 2009-10 (%) 6.2 Types of formal volunteering activities undertaken by regular 127 formal volunteers in the 12 months before interview, by age group, England, 2010-11 (%) 7.1 Volunteering rate by age group, volunteering frequency 157 and sector, 2002 7.2 Number of hours per year of voluntary work, 2002 158 8.1 Proportion of volunteers by level of education, age and 181 work status 8.2 Voluntary activity of seniors in Poland by data sources 183 9.1 Share of the Swedish population volunteering in 1992, 203 1998, 2005 and 2009, by age and gender (%) 9.2 Share of Swedish population volunteering in 2005, 204 by sector (%) v Active ageing 9.3 Share of Swedish population volunteering in 2005, by age 205 and primary area of activity (%) 10.1 Participation of the Dutch population in volunteer activities (%) 224 10.2 Participants in voluntary work (n, ×1,000) and their number 226 of hours (H) spent per week on volunteering in different sectors, by gender and age, 2009 10.3 Share of the Dutch population, 15-65 years old, participating 229 in voluntary work, by education, main activity, family type and degree of urbanisation, 2009 (%) 10.4 Share of volunteers who always enjoys their voluntary work (%) 232 11.1 Description of the investigated voluntary organisations 247 11.2 Characteristics of the voluntary organisations under study (n) 260 14.1 Characteristics of welfare regimes included in the study 319 14.2 Volunteering in older age in different European welfare mixes 322 14.3 Individual cultural orientations and size of volunteering by 326 older people in different European welfare regimes 14.4 The impact of policies on volunteering in older age in 334 different European welfare regimes 14.5 Main areas of policy challenges for volunteering in older 338 age in Europe Figures 3.1 Average time spent in voluntary activities in an average 56 weekly day, by age group, 2008-09 (hours and minutes per day) 3.2 Activity in voluntary organisations among males and females, 57 by age group and educational level, 2010 (%) 6.1 Participation in formal volunteering among the population 125 aged 16 and over, England, 2001-2010/11 6.2 Formal volunteering: percentage who volunteered and 128 average number of hours volunteered during the last four weeks prior to the interview, by age group, England, 2009-10 6.3 Participation in formal volunteering by highest qualification 129 level, England, 2009/10 8.1 Main fields of organisation’s activity in 2010 (excluding fire 179 brigades and religious organisations) 8.2 Volunteers in the third sector (population aged 15+) and 180 employment rate (population aged 15-64) (%) 8.3 Voluntary or charity work (formal volunteering) and providing 182 help to family, friends or neighbours (informal volunteering) in the last month (% of adults 50+) vi List of tables and figures 10.1 The development of the number of people participating in 230 voluntary work in the Netherlands, by gender and age, 2001-09 (×1,000) 10.2 Participation rates in paid work of older workers, by gender, 236 1971-2008 (%) 14.1 Conceptual framework of volunteering in older age 317 vii Notes on the contributors Paula Aleksandrowicz was born in Wrocław, Poland, and graduated in sociology and English studies at the University of Mannheim, Germany. Her doctoral thesis at Jacobs University Bremen was on the impact in Poland and Germany of retirement legislation on companies’ personnel policy and practice in dealing with older workers. She has published on issues of old-age pension policy, age management in companies and demographic change in small trade. Paula is currently working as a senior expert on demography at German Social Accident Insurance. Per-Åke Andersson is a research fellow at the Department of Economics in the School of Business, Economics and Law at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
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