Creating Languages in Central Europe: a Longue Durée Perspective
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The Assignment of Grammatical Gender in German: Testing Optimal Gender Assignment Theory
The Assignment of Grammatical Gender in German: Testing Optimal Gender Assignment Theory Emma Charlotte Corteen Trinity Hall September 2018 This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The Assignment of Grammatical Gender in German: Testing Optimal Gender Assignment Theory Emma Charlotte Corteen Abstract The assignment of grammatical gender in German is a notoriously problematic phenomenon due to the apparent opacity of the gender assignment system (e.g. Comrie 1999: 461). Various models of German gender assignment have been proposed (e.g. Spitz 1965, Köpcke 1982, Corbett 1991, Wegener 1995), but none of these is able to account for all of the German data. This thesis investigates a relatively under-explored, recent approach to German gender assignment in the form of Optimal Gender Assignment Theory (OGAT), proposed by Rice (2006). Using the framework of Optimality Theory, OGAT claims that the form and meaning of a noun are of equal importance with respect to its gender. This is formally represented by the crucial equal ranking of all gender assignment constraints in a block of GENDER FEATURES, which is in turn ranked above a default markedness hierarchy *NEUTER » *FEMININE » *MASCULINE, which is based on category size. A key weakness of OGAT is that it does not specify what constitutes a valid GENDER FEATURES constraint. This means that, in theory, any constraint can be proposed ad hoc to ensure that an OGAT analysis yields the correct result. In order to prevent any constraints based on ‘postfactum rationalisations’ (Comrie 1999: 461) from being included in the investigation, the GENDER FEATURES constraints which have been proposed in the literature for German are assessed according to six criteria suggested by Enger (2009), which seek to determine whether there is independent evidence for a GENDER FEATURES constraint. -
Metoda Klasifikacije U Istraživanjima Egzonima Classification Method In
HRVATSKI GEOGRAFSKI GLASNIK 79/1, 81−106 (2017.) UDK 811.163.42'373.21 Pregledni članak 911.3:811 Review DOI 10.21861/HGG.2017.79.01.04 Primljeno / Received 28-12-2016 / 2016-12-28 Ivana Crljenko Prihvaćeno / Accepted 11-02-2017 / 2017-02-11 Metoda klasifikacije u istraživanjima egzonima Classification method in exonym studies Egzonimi su udomaćena imena stranih geografskih Exonyms are adapted names of foreign geographical objekata koja se razlikuju od izvornih imena (endonima); features that differ from their original names (endonyms); npr. Azija, Beč, Prag, Rim, Sejšeli. Važan su dio e.g. Azija (Asia), Beč (Vienna), Prag (Prague), Rim (Rome), kulturnog nasljeđa i jezičnog identiteta zajednice koja ih Sejšeli (Seychelles). They are an important part of the je stvorila i održala. Njima se na međunarodnoj razini cultural heritage and linguistic identity of the community bavi Radna skupina za egzonime, koja djeluje unutar that created (and uses) them. They are researched on the Skupine stručnjaka za geografska imena pri Ujedinjenim international level by the Working Group on Exonyms, narodima. U hrvatskoj jezikoslovnoj i geografskoj which operates within the United Nations Group of znanstvenoj zajednici rijetki se istraživači bave Experts on Geographical Names. Only a few researchers proučavanjem egzonima. Osobito su malobrojne analize study exonyms within the Croatian linguistic and koje se temelje na velikom broju egzonima. Svrha je rada geographical scientific communities. Analyses based on a dati prilog njihovu obuhvatnijem proučavanju razvojem large number of exonyms are especially rare. The purpose metode klasifikacije egzonima, a njegov je cilj izložiti of this article is to contribute to a comprehensive study of moguće klasifikacije i uputiti na njihovu primjenu. -
Version 6.0.0
Codebook Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Survey in 4 European Countries – Germany Wave 8 Release version: 6.0.0 Release date: 30 July 2021 Citation: CILS4EU-DE. 2021. Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Survey in Four European Countries – Germany. Codebook. Wave 8 – 2020, v6.0.0. Mannheim: Mannheim University. 1 Content 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 4 2 Variable overview ................................................................................................................................. 6 2.1 Ordered by topic .......................................................................................................................... 6 2.1.1 Tracking data set ..................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1.2 Youth main questionnaire ..................................................................................................................... 9 2.1.3 Youth siblings questionnaire ...............................................................................................................19 2.1.4 Youth residence history calendar .......................................................................................................23 2.2 Ordered by questionnaire ......................................................................................................... 25 2.2.1 Tracking data set ...................................................................................................................................25 -
CLARC 2016: Perspektive Jezičnoga Planiranja I Jezične Politike Rijeka, 3., 4
Međunarodni znanstveni skup CLARC 2016: Perspektive jezičnoga planiranja i jezične politike Rijeka, 3., 4. i 5. lipnja 2016. Knjiga sažetaka International conference CLARC 2016: Perspectives on Language Planning and Policies Rijeka, 3rd, 4th and 5th June 2016 Book of Abstracts Izdavač/Publisher Institut za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje Za izdavača / For Publisher Željko Jozić Uredništvo / Editorial Board Mihaela Matešić Ermina Ramadanović Mirjana Crnić Novosel Perina Vukša Nahod Recenzenti/Reviewers Branka Drljača Margić Cecilija Jurčić Katunar Gianna Mazzieri-Sanković Anita Memišević Benedikt Perak Aneta Stojić Diana Stolac Irena Vodopija Krstanović Zvjezdana Vrzić Tehnički urednik / Technical Editor Boris Rukavina Oblikovanja naslovnice / Design Davor Milašinčić ISBN: 978-953-7967-28-4 CIP zapis je dostupan u računalnome katalogu Nacionalne i sveučilišne knjižnice u Zagrebu pod brojem 000933722. Tisak: Grafomark d.o.o. Naklada 150 primjeraka Programski/organizacijski odbor / Organizing Committee predsjednica/Chair dr. sc. Mihaela Matešić, doc. potpredsjednice/Co-Chairs dr. sc. Ermina Ramadanović dr. sc. Zvjezdana Vrzić, doc. tajnice/Secretaries dr. sc. Mirjana Crnić Novosel dr. sc. Perina Vukša Nahod dr. sc. Diana Stolac, red. prof. dr. sc. Željko Jozić dr. sc. Aneta Stojić, izv. prof. dr. sc. Branka Drljača Margić, doc. dr. sc. Gianna Mazzieri-Sanković, doc. dr. sc. Cecilija Jurčić Katunar dr. sc. Benedikt Perak dr. sc. Iris Vidmar Mirela Fuš AUTORI Sezen Arslan Eleni Karantzola Tena Babić Sesar Virna Karlić Tatjana Balažic Bulc Nurdan -
Das Rumnische Ortsnamengesetz Und Seine
Review of Historical Geography and Toponomastics, vol. I, no. 2, 2006, pp. 125-132 UNITED NATIONS GROUP OF EXPERTS ON GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES 6th MEETING OF THE WORKING GROUP ON EXONYMS PRAGUE (PRAHA), th th CZECH REPUBLIC, 17 – 18 MAY 2007 ∗ Peter JORDAN ∗ Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Postgasse 7/4/2, 1010 Wien. Summary report. United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names 6th Meeting of the Working Group on Exonyms Prague [Praha], Czech Republic, 17th – 18th May 2007. This two-day meeting was jointly arranged with the EuroGeoNames Project and part of a meeting on geographical names in conjunction with a meeting of the UNGEGN East, Central and Southeast-East Europe Division. It was hosted by the Czech Land Survey Office and took place in the premises of this Office, Praha, Pod sídlištěm 9/1800. Participants and the papers presented are listed in the Annex to this Report. The meeting was opened and the delegates welcomed by Ms Helen Kerfoot, the UNGEGN Chair, Mr. Peter Jordan, the Working Group’s Co-convenor and Mr. Jörn Sievers as the representative of the EuroGeoNames Project. In her opening address Ms. Kerfoot emphasized that UNGEGN views on exonyms had somewhat changed in recent years. All the three opening addresses referred to Mr. Pavel Boháč, the meeting’s principal organiser, thanking him for his great efforts. Mr. Jordan then outlined the programme of this meeting and its main task of clarifying the use of exonyms in an empirical (in which situations are exonyms actually used?) and in a normative (in which situations should exonyms be used or not be used?) way. -
Vernacular Religion in Diaspora: a Case Study of the Macedono-Bulgarian Group in Toronto
Vernacular Religion in Diaspora: a Case Study of the Macedono-Bulgarian Group in Toronto By Mariana Dobreva-Mastagar A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Trinity College and the Theological Department of the Toronto School of Theology In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Theology awarded by the University of St. Michael's College © Copyright by Mariana Dobreva-Mastagar 2016 Vernacular Religion in Diaspora: a case Study of the Macedono-Bulgarian group in Toronto PhD 2016 Mariana Dobreva-Mastagar University of St.Michael’s College Abstract This study explores how the Macedono-Bulgarian and Bulgarian Eastern Orthodox churches in Toronto have attuned themselves to the immigrant community—specifically to post-1990 immigrants who, while unchurched and predominantly secular, have revived diaspora churches. This paradox raises questions about the ways that religious institutions operate in diaspora, distinct from their operations in the country of origin. This study proposes and develops the concept “institutional vernacularization” as an analytical category that facilitates assessment of how a religious institution relates to communal factors. I propose this as an alternative to secularization, which inadequately captures the diaspora dynamics. While continuing to adhere to their creeds and confessional symbols, diaspora churches shifted focus to communal agency and produced new collective and “popular” values. The community is not only a passive recipient of the spiritual gifts but is also a partner, who suggests new forms of interaction. In this sense, the diaspora church is engaged in vernacular discourse. The notion of institutional vernacularization is tested against the empirical results of field work in four Greater Toronto Area churches. -
The Rise of Bulgarian Nationalism and Russia's Influence Upon It
University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 5-2014 The rise of Bulgarian nationalism and Russia's influence upon it. Lin Wenshuang University of Louisville Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons Recommended Citation Wenshuang, Lin, "The rise of Bulgarian nationalism and Russia's influence upon it." (2014). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1548. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/1548 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has retained all other copyrights. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE RISE OF BULGARIAN NATIONALISM AND RUSSIA‘S INFLUENCE UPON IT by Lin Wenshuang B. A., Beijing Foreign Studies University, China, 1997 M. A., Beijing Foreign Studies University, China, 2002 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Louisville in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Humanities University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky May 2014 Copyright © 2014 by Lin Wenshuang All Rights Reserved THE RISE OF BULGARIAN NATIONALISM AND RUSSIA‘S INFLUENCE UPON IT by Lin Wenshuang B. A., Beijing Foreign Studies University, China, 1997 M. A., Beijing Foreign Studies University, China, 2002 A Dissertation Approved on April 1, 2014 By the following Dissertation Committee __________________________________ Prof. -
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Acta geographica Slovenica, 54-1, 2014, 89–100 SOME OLDER SOURCES FOR CROATIAN EXONYM ANALYSIS Ivana Crljenko Part of the map of Australia from the Geographical Atlas (1955) showing that many geographical names were domesticated then. Ivana Crljenko, Some older sources for Croatian exonym analysis Some older sources for Croatian exonym analysis DOI: http: //dx.doi.org/10.3986/AGS54105 UDC: 91:811.163.42'373.21 COBISS: 1.01 ABSTRACT: The article introduces the review of some older sources in the Croatian language that might be useful for the Croatian exonym analysis, and may also refer to the exonym status it the context of the Croatian language development and geographers' indifference concerning that issue. Because of frequent changes in orthography, geographical names (as well as exonyms) have experienced different modifications, which can be followed through eight analyzed editions published during the period from 1880 to 1974. It was indicated that geography as a profession has greatly failed in serious research of exonyms. KEY WORDS: geographical names, exonyms, Croatian language, orthography, geography, Croatia The article was submitted for publication on December 4, 2012. ADDRESS: Ivana Crljenko, Ph. D. Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krle`a Frankopanska 26 10 000 Zagreb, Hrvatska E-mail: ivana.crljenkolzmk.hr 90 Acta geographica Slovenica, 54-1, 2014 1 Introduction Avoiding the current discussions and dilemmas of the definition and division of endonym and exonym terms, by the term exonym in this article we refer to »the name that is used in a language for the geographical object that is situated outside the area in which the language is widely spoken (and most frequently has the offi - cial status), and the name itself is significantly different from its original, endonymic form used in the area where the object is situated (and/or in the area where this language has no official status)« (modified accord - ing to: Kadmon 2002, 2006; Woodman 2003; Kladnik 2007a, 2007b, 2007c, 2007d, 2009; Jordan 2007). -
Life Histories of Etnos Theory in Russia and Beyond
A Life Histories of Etnos Theory NDERSON in Russia and Beyond , A , Edited by David G. Anderson, Dmitry V. Arzyutov RZYUTOV and Sergei S. Alymov The idea of etnos came into being over a hundred years ago as a way of understanding the collecti ve identi ti es of people with a common language and shared traditi ons. In AND the twenti eth century, the concept came to be associated with Soviet state-building, and it fell sharply out of favour. Yet outside the academy, etnos-style arguments not A only persist, but are a vibrant part of regional anthropological traditi ons. LYMOV Life Histories of Etnos Theory in Russia and Beyond makes a powerful argument for etnos reconsidering the importance of in our understanding of ethnicity and nati onal ( identi ty across Eurasia. The collecti on brings to life a rich archive of previously EDS unpublished lett ers, fi eldnotes, and photographic collecti ons of the theory’s early proponents. Using contemporary fi eldwork and case studies, the volume shows .) Life Histories of Etnos Theory how the ideas of these ethnographers conti nue to impact and shape identi ti es in various regional theatres from Ukraine to the Russian North to the Manchurian Life Histories of steppes of what is now China. Through writi ng a life history of these collecti vist in Russia and Beyond concepts, the contributors to this volume unveil a world where the assumpti ons of liberal individualism do not hold. In doing so, they demonstrate how noti ons of belonging are not fl eeti ng but persistent, multi -generati onal, and bio-social. -
1 Introduction
Notes 1 Introduction 1. A note on terminology: In this study the term ‘Austria’ will be used in order to refer to the German-speaking part of the Habsburg Empire (includ- ing ‘Vorderösterreich’) in the eighteenth century. At the time the Habsburg Emperors were also ruling the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. The German-speaking part of this nation may therefore be subdivided into and labelled ‘Austria’ and ‘Germany’. 2. Note that the inflectional subjunctive was taken over by the periphrastic form würde in German, which cannot be labelled a modal auxiliary verb. 3. Guchmann and Semenjuk did however notice ‘Präteritumschwund’ (loss of preterite forms) in the southern German area in the seventeenth and the beginning of the eighteenth century (see Guchmann and Semenjuk, 1981, p. 256), a development that can be observed in Austrian German in the eighteenth century (see Chapter 5). 4. ARCHER-3 = A Representative Corpus of Historical English Registers 3. 1990– 1993/2002/2007. Compiled under the supervision of Douglas Biber and Edward Finegan at Northern Arizona University, University of Southern California, University of Freiburg, University of Heidelberg, University of Helsinki, Uppsala University, University of Michigan, and University of Manchester. 5. See this website for details: http://www.llc.manchester.ac.uk/research/ projects/germanc/ 6. Fitzmaurice, for instance, carried out investigations on the use of relative markers (2000) and modal auxiliaries and lexically explicit stance expres- sions (2003) by Joseph Addison and his social network. Social network theory was originally developed as a research tool in the social sciences from where it was adopted into socio-linguistics. -
Language and Place Names in National and Regional Atlases. Methodological Considerations and Practical Use Exemplified by New Atlases from the Eastern Part of Europe
LANGUAGE AND PLACE NAMES IN NATIONAL AND REGIONAL ATLASES. METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND PRACTICAL USE EXEMPLIFIED BY NEW ATLASES FROM THE EASTERN PART OF EUROPE Peter Jordan Austrian Institute of East and Southeast European Studies, Vienna Abstract National and regional atlases are mainly conceived for national use, but as map works with a representative function they address, in contrast to school atlases, also an international audience. Taking this into account, many of them use for titles, legends and explanatory texts not only the national language, but also one or more world languages or are published in different language editions. The use of a second or third editorial language has, however, implications on the treatment of place names, especially on the use of exonyms. Another aspect deriving from the atlases’ representative function is the reflection of minority names. The paper investigates into relevant practices applied in recently published national and regional atlases from the eastern part of Europe and offers some methodological considerations as regards the use of more than one editorial language, the use of exonyms in this case as well the use of minority names. 1 INTRODUCTION National and regional atlases are mainly conceived for national use. But as map works with a representative function they address, in contrast to school atlases, also an international audience. Taking this into account, many of them use for titles, legends and explanatory texts not only the national language, but also one or more world languages or are published in different language editions. The use of a second or even more editorial languages has, however, implications on the treatment of place names. -
Folklore Electronic Journal of Folklore Printed Version Vol
Folklore Electronic Journal of Folklore http://www.folklore.ee/folklore Printed version Vol. 66 2016 Folk Belief and Media Group of the Estonian Literary Museum Estonian Institute of Folklore Folklore Electronic Journal of Folklore Vol. 66 Edited by Mare Kõiva & Andres Kuperjanov Guest editors: Irina Sedakova & Nina Vlaskina Tartu 2016 Editor in chief Mare Kõiva Co-editor Andres Kuperjanov Guest editors Irina Sedakova, Nina Vlaskina Copy editor Tiina Mällo News and reviews Piret Voolaid Design Andres Kuperjanov Layout Diana Kahre Editorial board 2015–2020: Dan Ben-Amos (University of Pennsylvania, USA), Larisa Fialkova (University of Haifa, Israel), Diane Goldstein (Indiana University, USA), Terry Gunnell (University of Iceland), Jawaharlal Handoo (University of Mysore, India), Frank Korom (Boston University, USA), Jurij Fikfak (Institute of Slovenian Ethnology), Ülo Valk (University of Tartu, Estonia), Wolfgang Mieder (University of Vermont, USA), Irina Sedakova (Russian Academy of Sciences). The journal is supported by the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research (IUT 22-5), the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (Centre of Excellence in Estonian Studies), the state programme project EKKM14-344, and the Estonian Literary Museum. Indexed in EBSCO Publishing Humanities International Complete, Thomson Reuters Arts & Humanities Citation Index, MLA International Bibliography, Ulrich’s Periodicals Directory, Internationale Volkskundliche Bibliographie / International Folklore Bibliography / Bibliographie Internationale