Lockheed Martin Space Advanced Programs

Requirements in NASA Science Missions

Emitted radiance Detect photons; Convert to e- Calibrate Data Science Data

Quantized Photons Electrons Science Data Radiances

§ Orbit § Wavelength band § Detection § Science question § Signal photons § Integration time § Navigation analysis § Background scene § Quantum efficiency § Radiometric calibration § Field of View § Dark current § Resolution § Read noise § Solar intrusion

Mission Requirements Performance Requirements • Duration • Environment • Electrical • Mechanical Iterate • Reliability • Operational • Thermal • Structural Evolve Requirements Constraints Resource Requirements • Spacecraft • Mass • Thermal interface • Power • Data rate • Launch vehicle • Size • Alignment

Concept Design

2 Example Requirements Tree

Implementing NASA Level 1s Institution/NASA Center Level 1 Reqts Program

Level 2 Launch Environmental Mission Assurance Mission Reqts Doc Project Vehicle IRD Reqts Requirements (MAR)

Flight System Level 3 Mission Ops & Element- Payload Spacecraft Flight to Ground Payload Reqts to SC ICDs Ground Developed, Requirements Doc ICD System Reqts Project Approved

Payload/ Level 4 Spacecraft Ground Instrument Testbeds Element-Controlled Subsystems Subsystems Subsystems

3 Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) v Objective: Characterize Mars’ atmospheric escape v PI: Dr. Bruce Jakosky, CU LASP v Implementing Institution: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center v Spacecraft and Mission Ops: Lockheed Martin v Instruments: UCB SSL, CU/LASP, NASA GSFC, CNES v Mars relay: Jet Propulsion Laboratory

v Launched November 18th 2013

v MOI September 22nd 2014

v Currently in third mission extension

Image Credit: NASA/B. Ingalls 5 Science Missions Across the Solar System