The Yale English Monarchs Series ÆTHELSTAN by Sarah Foot CNUT

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The Yale English Monarchs Series ÆTHELSTAN by Sarah Foot CNUT THE GREAT by Timothy Bolton EDWARD THE CONFESSOR by Frank Barlow EDWARD THE CONFESSOR by Tom Licence WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR by David Bates WILLIAM RUFUS by Frank Barlow HENRY I by Warren Hollister KING STEPHEN by Edmund King HENRY II by W. L. Warren* RICHARD I by John Gillingham KING JOHN by W. L. Warren* HENRY III (2 vols) by David Carpenter EDWARD I by Michael Prestwich EDWARD II by Seymour Phillips EDWARD III by W. Mark Ormrod RICHARD II by Nigel Saul HENRY IV by Chris Given-Wilson HENRY V by Christopher Allmand HENRY VI by Bertram Wolffe EDWARD IV by Charles Ross RICHARD III by Charles Ross HENRY VII by S. B. Chrimes HENRY VIII by J. J. Scarisbrick EDWARD VI by Jennifer Loach MARY I by John Edwards JAMES II by John Miller QUEEN ANNE by Edward Gregg GEORGE I by Ragnhild Hatton GEORGE II by Andrew C. Thompson GEORGE III by Jeremy Black GEORGE IV by E. A. Smith * Available in the U.S. from University of California Press ii EDWARD THE CONFESSOR Last of the Royal Blood Tom Licence YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS NEW HAVEN AND LONDON iii Copyright © 2020 Tom Licence All rights reserved. This book may not be reproduced in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press) without written permission from the publishers. For information about this and other Yale University Press publications, please contact: U.S. Office: [email protected] yalebooks.com Europe Office: [email protected] yalebooks.co.uk Set in Baskerville by IDSUK (DataConnection) Ltd Printed in Great Britain by TJ International Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall Library of Congress Control Number: 2020938190 ISBN 978-0-300-21154-2 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 iv For Ben v vi.

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Wessex and the Reign of Edmund Ii Ironside
Chapter 16 Wessex and the Reign of Edmund ii Ironside David McDermott Edmund Ironside, the eldest surviving son of Æthelred ii (‘the Unready’), is an often overlooked political figure. This results primarily from the brevity of his reign, which lasted approximately seven months, from 23 April to 30 November 1016. It could also be said that Edmund’s legacy compares unfavourably with those of his forebears. Unlike other Anglo-Saxon Kings of England whose lon- ger reigns and periods of uninterrupted peace gave them opportunities to leg- islate, renovate the currency or reform the Church, Edmund’s brief rule was dominated by the need to quell initial domestic opposition to his rule, and prevent a determined foreign adversary seizing the throne. Edmund conduct- ed his kingship under demanding circumstances and for his resolute, indefati- gable and mostly successful resistance to Cnut, his career deserves to be dis- cussed and his successes acknowledged. Before discussing the importance of Wessex for Edmund Ironside, it is con- structive, at this stage, to clarify what is meant by ‘Wessex’. It is also fitting to use the definition of the region provided by Barbara Yorke. The core shires of Wessex may be reliably regarded as Devon, Somerset, Dorset, Wiltshire, Berk- shire and Hampshire (including the Isle of Wight).1 Following the victory of the West Saxon King Ecgbert at the battle of Ellendun (Wroughton, Wilts.) in 835, the borders of Wessex expanded, with the counties of Kent, Sussex, Surrey and Essex passing from Mercian to West Saxon control.2 Wessex was not the only region with which Edmund was associated, and nor was he the only king from the royal House of Wessex with connections to other regions.
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Anglo-Saxon Coins Found in Finland, and to This End He Compiled a List of the Same
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Be a Hero! Donation Form
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Thevikingblitzkriegad789-1098.Pdf
2 In memory of Jeffrey Martin Whittock (1927–2013), much-loved and respected father and papa. 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A number of people provided valuable advice which assisted in the preparation of this book; without them, of course, carrying any responsibility for the interpretations offered by the book. We are particularly indebted to our agent Robert Dudley who, as always, offered guidance and support, as did Simon Hamlet and Mark Beynon at The History Press. In addition, Bradford-on-Avon library, and the Wiltshire and the Somerset Library services, provided access to resources through the inter-library loans service. For their help and for this service we are very grateful. Through Hannah’s undergraduate BA studies and then MPhil studies in the department of Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic (ASNC) at Cambridge University (2008–12), the invaluable input of many brilliant academics has shaped our understanding of this exciting and complex period of history, and its challenging sources of evidence. The resulting familiarity with Old English, Old Norse and Insular Latin has greatly assisted in critical reflection on the written sources. As always, the support and interest provided by close family and friends cannot be measured but is much appreciated. And they have been patient as meal-time conversations have given way to discussions of the achievements of Alfred and Athelstan, the impact of Eric Bloodaxe and the agendas of the compilers of the 4 Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. 5 CONTENTS Title Dedication Acknowledgements Introduction 1 The Gathering
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The Anglo-Saxon Coins of Harthacnut
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Family Group Sheet for Cnut the Great
Family Group Sheet for Cnut the Great Husband: Cnut the Great Birth: Bet. 985 AD–995 AD in Denmark Death: 12 Nov 1035 in England (Shaftesbury, Dorset) Burial: Old Minster, Winchester. Bones now in Winchester Cathedral Father: King Sweyn I Forkbeard Mother: Wife: Emma of Normandy Birth: 985 AD Death: 06 Mar 1052 in Winchester, Hampshire Father: Richard I Duke of Normandy Mother: Gunnor de Crepon Children: 1 Name: Gunhilda of Denmark F Birth: 1020 Death: 18 Jul 1038 Spouse: Henry III 2 Name: Knud III Hardeknud M Birth: 1020 in England Death: 08 Jun 1042 in England Burial: Winchester Cathedral, Winchester, England Notes Cnut the Great Cnut the Great From Wikipedia, (Redirected from Canute the Great) Cnut the Great King of all the English, and of Denmark, of the Norwegians, and part of the Swedes King of Denmark Reign1018-1035 PredecessorHarald II SuccessorHarthacnut King of all England Reign1016-1035 PredecessorEdmund Ironside SuccessorHarold Harefoot King of Norway Reign1028-1035 PredecessorOlaf Haraldsson SuccessorMagnus Olafsson SpouseÆlfgifu of Northampton Emma of Normandy Issue Sweyn Knutsson Harold Harefoot Harthacnut Gunhilda of Denmark FatherSweyn Forkbeard MotherSigrid the Haughty also known as Gunnhilda Bornc. 985 - c. 995 Denmark Died12 November 1035 England (Shaftesbury, Dorset) BurialOld Minster, Winchester. Bones now in Winchester Cathedral Cnut the Great, also known as Canute or Knut (Old Norse: Knútr inn ríki[1] (c. 985 or 995 - 12 November 1035) was a Viking king of England and Denmark, Norway, and parts of Sweden, whose successes as a statesman, politically and militarily, prove him to be one of the greatest figures of medieval Europe and yet at the end of the historically foggy Dark Ages, with an era of chivalry and romance on the horizon in feudal Europe and the events of 1066 in England, these were largely 'lost to history'.
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How Cnut Became Canute (And How Harthacnut Became Airdeconut)”, NOWELE: North-Western European Language Evolution 67 (2014), 237–243
Thijs Porck & Jodie Mann, “How Cnut became Canute (and how Harthacnut became Airdeconut)”, NOWELE: North-Western European Language Evolution 67 (2014), 237–243 This is the post-print version, with page numbers of publisher's version added between angle brackets to facilitate referencing. <237> How Cnut became Canute (and how Harthacnut became Airdeconut) Abstract This article discusses the development of the spelling for the name of Cnut the Great, Viking king of England from 1016 to 1035, from <Cnut> to <Canute>. The origin of this disyllabic spelling is uncertain and has been attributed to taboo deflection, the simplification of the consonant cluster /kn/ in English and even a pope’s inability to pronounce the name Cnut. A survey of documents contemporary to Cnut the Great and later chronicles, however, suggests that the disyllabic spelling is found first in sources of Norman origin. As such, the disyllabic spelling <Canute> should be considered a romanisation. This conclusion has important implications for a recently found, early tenth-century coin, bearing the inscription “AIRDECONUT”. In September 2011, a large collection of silver jewelry and coins dating from about 900 AD was discovered in Silverdale, Lancashire, England. From among its items, a coin bearing the inscription “AIRDECONUT” was hailed as one of the most important finds (see Figure 1). Airdeconut was assumed 1 to be “the Anglo-Saxon coin maker’s struggle to get to grips with the Viking name Harthacnut” and, hence, the coin was regarded as evidence for a hitherto unknown Viking king in Northern England around the year 900 (Kennedy 2011; Richardson 2011).
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KING CNUT's LAST COINAGE? Robert L. Schichler on 12
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The Viking Age
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