DOCSLIB.ORG

S Uz Ba Wojskowa Ksie Cia Witolda Czartoryskiego W Hiszpanii

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
S Uz Ba Wojskowa Ksie Cia Witolda Czartoryskiego W Hiszpanii ROCZNIKI HUMANISTYCZNE Tom LXII zeszyt 2 : 2014 BARBARA OBTUOWICZ SUZ BA WOJSKOWA KSIE CIA WITOLDA CZARTORYSKIEGO W HISZPANII (1845-1846) Witold Adam Czartoryski (1822-1865), najstarszy syn Adama Jerzego Czartoryskiego i Anny z Sapiehów Czartoryskiej, jest postacia bardzo mao znana w historiografii. Sporadycznie pojawiajas ie informacje o nim w pra- cach pos´wieconych jego ojcu i modszemu rodzen´stwu (Wadysawowi i Iza- beli) oraz pozostaym czonkom jego blizszej i dalszej rodziny. Do dzisiaj nie doczeka sie swej monografii ani w peni wiarygodnego biogramu. Najbar- dziej znany biogram, pióra Mariana Kukiela opublikowany w 1938 r., nie jest wolny od nies´cisos´ci1. Tymczasem materiay rekopis´mienne przechowywane w Bibliotece Czartoryskich w Krakowie wrecz zachecaja do podjecia solid- nych badan´ nad kolejami zycia tego nieprzecietnego polityka i zonierza emigracji polistopadowej. Edukacje rozpocza w Puawach i w Warszawie. Od 1832 r., gdy wspólnie z rodzina musia wyemigrowac´ do Paryza, kontynuowa ja nad Sekwana, nastepnie w gimnazjum niemieckim w Münster, gdzie zda mature, oraz w Monachium i w Berlinie. Adam Jerzy widzia w Witoldzie swego nastepce iwIas´nie jemu zamierza przekazac´ przywództwo obozu politycznego zwane- go Hotel Lambert. W zwiazku z tym pragna, aby zdoby on takze wykszta- cenie wojskowe. Starania czynione przez brata Adama Jerzego, Konstantego Adama, o uzyskanie dla bratanka wstepu do szkó wojskowych w Prusach nie powiody sie. Wtedy ojciec wysa syna do Madrytu na suzbe w renomowa- Dr hab. BARBARA OBTUOWICZ : prof. UP, Zakad Jezyka i Kultury Hiszpan´skiej w Instytucie Neofilologii, Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny w Krakowie; e-mail: [email protected] 1 M.Kukiel, Czartoryski Witold Adam,w:Polski Sownik Biograficzny, t. IV, Kra- ków: PAU 1938, s. 299-300. 104 BARBARA OBTUOWICZ nym puku Reyna Gobernadora (Królowej Regentki), Marii Krystyny, której od 1843 r. przysugiwa status królowej matki2. Dwudziestotrzyletni ksiaze uda sie za Pireneje na przeomie listopada i grudnia 1845 r. Jecha przez Bordeaux, stamtad do Bajonny, gdzie mia za- miar wynajac´ hiszpan´ski dylizans3. Ostatecznie skorzysta z usug francuskie- go kuriera, który po dwóch i pó dobach (5 grudnia) stana na rogatkach Madrytu. Nastepnego dnia, w lis´cie do matki ujawnia, ze podróz wprawdzie bya szczes´liwa, ale z przygodami. Na granicy zabrano mu rekawiczki i pon´- czochy, zas´ kurier jecha bez eskorty, „bo ja z wasnej kieszeni paci, a jak jest skradziony, to mu rzad wszystko oddaje. 14-cie razy ten kurier by zrabo- wany. Pokazywa mi miejsca, gdzie go obrabowano, takoz i w dzien´, jako i w nocy”. Jednak najgorsze byo to, ze w Hotelu Lambert Witold zostawi wazne dokumenty i zda sobie z tego sprawe dopiero w hiszpan´skim Irún. Natychmiast powiadomi o „nieszczes´ciu” osobistego sekretarza Adama Jerze- go, Hipolita Botnickiego, zwanego Botem, bagajac matke, aby Bot „mi te papiery jak najpredzej przesa. Sa one w ostatniej szufladzie od stou, który jest przed oknem w moim pokoju”4. Droga na Madryt wioda „przez okropne góry m.in. przez Somosierre”, gdzie z powodu czestych rozbojów stay pikie- ty z zonierzami, którym musieli dac´ Iapówke za wolny przejazd. Przez okna pojazdu znudzony Witold obserwowa rozlege, niemal pozbawione ros´lin- nos´ci pustkowia: „co za kraj nedzny, ogoocony ze wszystkiego, nawet drzew- ka nie masz w tej caej przestrzeni”5. Do stolicy Hiszpanii przyby w czasach, gdy miasto to przestao juz byc´ centrum rozlegego imperium kolonialnego. W rezultacie utraty Nowego S´ wiata oraz zniszczen´ doznanych m.in. w dobie tzw. wojny o niepodlegos´c´ (1808-1814), w niczym nie przypominao dumnej metropolii z czasów Habs- burgów i pierwszych Burbonów. Borykao sie z niedostatkiem biezacej wody, kanalizacji, sanitariatów. Waskie, ciemne i zakurzone ulice, chaotyczna infra- struktura, wynikajaca z nieustannego napywu ludnos´ci i nieprzestrzegania przepisów dotyczacych prawa budowlanego sprawiay, ze na przybyszu z Pa- ryza nie mogo ono zrobic´ pozytywnego wrazenia. Jednoczes´nie, to liczace blisko 200 tys. mieszkan´ców siedlisko chorób i czestych epidemii byo siedzi- ba dworu królewskiego, rzadu i parlamentu (Kortezów), centrum zycia poli- 2 Tamze, s. 299. 3 Biblioteka Czartoryskich [dalej cyt.: BCz], rkps 7090 II, W. Czartoryski do A. z Sapie- hów Czartoryskiej, Bordeaux, 29 XI 1845. 4 Tamze, Madryt, 6 XII 1845. 5 Tamze, Madryt, 12 XII 1845. SUZ BA WOJSKOWA KSIE CIA WITOLDA CZARTORYSKIEGO 105 tycznego i kulturalnego, marzeniem tych, którzy mys´leli o zrobieniu kariery (wojskowej, politycznej, administracyjnej, artystycznej), o Iatwym wzbogace- niu sie na drodze spekulacji giedowych, bankowych lub w handlu. W zwiaz- ku z postepujac a migracja z prowincji, ludnos´c´ stolicy stanowia mozaike spoeczna. Obok arystokracji krwi, która powoli tracia swe majatki, powsta- way fortuny nowobogackich, wywodzacych sie niejednokrotnie z nizin spo- ecznych, a szeroka gama rozmaitych profesji staa otworem przed kazdym, bez wzgledu na pochodzenie. Liczyo sie wyksztacenie, talent i pieniadze, a nade wszystko spryt i wytrwaos´c´wdazeniu do okres´lonego celu6. W pierwszych dniach pobytu w Madrycie Witoldowi nie w smak by tam- tejszy „szkaradny klimat i lodowate pokoje”, które przyprawiy go o katar i ból garda. Mimo to „do wszystkiego pomau sie przyzwyczajam” – uspoka- ja matke, informujac, ze czas choroby, spedzony w domu, wykorzysta na nauke „tutejszego jezyka”7. Gówne zadanie ksiecia w ojczyz´nie Don Kichota i Sancho Pansy sprowadzao sie do zdobycia stopnia porucznika. Do prestizo- wego puku matki królowej Izabeli II mia sie dostac´ dzieki rozlicznym kon- taktom i znajomos´ciom, o które wczes´niej zabiega Adam Jerzy. Odzyskawszy siy po chwilowej niedyspozycji, by zadowolony i peen optymizmu. Dope- nia formalnos´ci niezbednych do rozpoczecia suzby wojskowej: roznosi listy polecajace do wysokich funkcjonariuszy wojska, policji, rzadu, szuka taniego miejsca zakwaterowania, skada wizyty osobom wpywowym. W gronie tych ostatnich by ówczesny premier, genera Ramón María Narváez, lider prawego skrzyda liberaów hiszpan´skich (moderados), z którym Czartoryscy od 1844 r. utrzymywali korespondencje8. W poowie grudnia Witold stawi sie na audiencji u Marii Krystyny i zosta przez nia przyjety „z najwieksza grzecznos´cia”. Ponadto prowadzi ozywione zycie towarzyskie, które bardzo go „bawio”, pozwalajac na poznanie madryckiej s´mietanki arystokratycznej oraz wypeniajac znacznac zes´c´ czasu w ciagu dnia i wieczorami. Skadanie 6 F.Cánovas Sánchez, El partido moderado, Madrid: Centro de Estudios Constitucionales 1982, s. 82-83; J. P r o Ruiz,Bravo Murillo. Política de orden en la España liberal, Madrid: Editorial Síntesis 2006, s. 67-68. 7 BCz, rkps 7090 II, W. Czartoryski do A. z Sapiehów Czartoryskiej, Madryt, 12 XII 1845. 8 Archivo de la Real Academia de la Historia [dalej cyt.: ARAH], Archivo Narváez, caja 66 (4), listy Wadysawa Czartoryskiego do Ramóna Marii Narváeza z lat 1844-1861. Adam Jerzy Czartoryski osobis´cie czyni starania na rzecz waczenia syna do wspomnianego puku i napisa w tej sprawie list do premiera Narváeza. Z korespondencji zwrotnej dowiadujemy sie, ze Witold przekaza go adresatowi w poowie grudnia 1845 r. (BCz, rkps 7057 IV, R.M. Nar- váez do A.J. Czartoryskiego, Madryt, 20 XII 1845). 106 BARBARA OBTUOWICZ wizyt sprawiao mu tym wieksza przyjemnos´c´, ze wIas´nie przymierza siedo szukania kandydatki na zone, a uroda Hiszpanek najwyraz´niej ujeIa jego serce i rozbudzia wyobraz´nie. Bynajmniej nie ukrywa tego faktu przed ojcem, któremu donosi: „Z przyjemnos´cia chodze i stroje sie i na pojazd wydaje, gdyz tu Panny sa bez porównania milsze niz gdzie indziej. Od meskich towa- rzystw stronie, bo nie masz prawie ani jednego, z którym by gadac´mozna. Jak poznam jezyk to beda te towarzystwa jeszcze tysiac razy przyjemniej- sze”9. Na obiadach bywa u ambasadora Anglii, Henriego Littona Bulwera, u ksiecia de Osuna lub u ambasadora Francji, hrabiego de Bresson. Dnia 23 grudnia, czyli w przeddzien´ Wigilii Bozego Narodzenia, szef rzadu zapro- si go na „wielki obiad”10. Natomiast wieczory (soirées) najchetniej spedza w renomowanych salonach madryckich, m.in. u hrabiny de Montijo, matki przyszej zony Napoleona III Eugenii, a takze u hrabiny Torrealta, gdzie brylowa na parkiecie jako wyborny tancerz. W niedziele relaksowa sie spa- cerami po mies´cie i zwiedzaniem stoecznych muzeów, zwaszcza Museo del Prado11. Pod koniec grudnia, dzieki pos´rednictwu premiera, Witold otrzymaI stopien´ podporucznika i zosta przydzielony do jednego z najlepszych puków pod dowództwem pukownika José Antonio Turona12. Poczatek suzby wyzna- czono mu na 1 stycznia 1846 r. By szczes´liwy i z nadzieja patrzy w najbliz- sza przyszos´c´. Jednak w miare upywu czasu, uciazliwos´ci sIuzby wojskowej zaczeIy sie dawac´ we znaki. Chwilami bya ona trudna do wytrzymania, nie tylko z powodu zmudnych c´wiczen´ fizycznych, ale faktu, ze : jak twierdzi : niczego nowego nie wnosia do jego dotychczasowych umiejetnos´ci wojsko- wych. „Moje zycie tak regularne schodzi, jak System Kopernika, zawsze to samo o tej samej godzinie”13, „[…] bez zadnej nauki, bez zadnego pozyt- 9 BCz, rkps 7090 II, W. Czartoryski do A.J. Czartoryskiego, Madryt, 21 XII 1845. 10 BCz, rkps 7091 II, W. Czartoryski do A. z Sapiehów Czartoryskiej, Madryt, 20 XII 1845. 11 BCz, rkps 7090 II, W. Czartoryski do A.J. Czartoryskiego, Madryt, 13 i 21 XII 1845. Hrabine de Montijo Witold darzy nie tylko ogromna sympatia, ale i szacunkiem, w przeci- wien´stwie do pani Roncali, matki polityka moderado,póz´niejszego premiera, Federico Roncali, która okres´la mianem „starej intryganty”.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Artistic Fabrics, Unique Portraits (I)
    33 OPEN SOURCE LANGUAGE VERSION > CATALÀ Artistic fabrics, unique portraits (I) by Sílvia Carbonell Basté Textil Museum and Documentation Centre PH.D. student Art History, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Photographs: ©CDMT, Quico Ortega Conserved in museums and private homes across Catalonia are a series of artistic fabrics – or woven artworks – that share many similarities with engravings and photographs but reflect a unique production technique popularised in a specific period in the history of the textile industry. These limited edition decorative fabrics generally feature portraits of illustrious figures (monarchs, politicians, military leaders, captains of industry), historical, religious or commemorative scenes, or reproductions of famous paintings, created in black and white silk on a Jacquard loom. In Catalonia, the majority of these fabrics were produced over the period between 1862 and 1974. These Jacquard pieces, originally referred to as artistic, or “singular”, fabrics, came to the museums from private owners who recognised their value in marking a crucial period in the transformation of the textile industry. The private collectors who donated the pieces all had a direct link of some sort to textile production, whether as teachers, theorists, merchants or artists. The fact that many of the fabrics bore the company name, the artist’s signature, the production date, or the name of the director and even the school at which they were plotted and weaved makes them, if nothing else, unique pieces, distinct from any other textile produced until that time and freely available on the market. These singular pieces also serve to illustrate the successful marriage of technology with the skill of the artist.
    [Show full text]
  • Hotel Palacio Provincial-Diplomatic History
    Diplomatic and Government Research Palacio: edificio monumental destinado a ser sede de actos públicos, como congresos, exposiciones y actos gubernamentales. Palace: official residence of a sovereign, archbishop, bishop, or other exalted person, stately or official home. HOTEL PALACIO PROVINCIAL § According to the NRHP*, the Old San Juan Historic District is the oldest European settlement in Puerto Rico and the United States and the second one continuously inhabited in the American continent. It is historically documented that the Viejo San Juan had the first municipal government in the America continent after the city of Santo Domingo in neighboring Hispaniola. § The Old San Juan Historic District’s distribution and organization of the urban core by means of an HOTEL PALACIO orthogonal grid was inspired by European Renaissance ideas, particularly Italian of Classical PROVINCIAL extraction. § The Old San Juan Historic District has the oldest house, Christian temple, executive mansion, convent and military defenses in the United States. All of these structures can be found within this unique core that includes the Diputación Provincial building. *National Register of Historic Places To this day, the square bordering the Plaza de Armas is considered the heart of Old San Juan. In addition to this symbolic role as center of the urban core, the space continues to anchor the seats of both the island-wide and municipal governments, something it has done since the 17th century. By the 19th century and although the Spanish monarchy was not organized into independent branches (i e executive, legislative, and judicial), all the buildings relevant to the administration of the city and the island – Casa Alcaldiá , Real Intendencia and Diputacioń Provincial – were located around this neuralgic square.
    [Show full text]
  • Ex-Kaiser in Exile
    THE EX-K~lSER: IN~ EXILE (l'holo. Centtal NcwJ.) THE EX-KAISER IN EXILE Tl,... t>x-1-";.iser walking m the grounds at Amcrongen, with his Adjutant-Geni'rcl Dr·....,m'"•· ~ '"'VI'&_u/k , --:5t:-ue~~")«?'lte/ -4.,& _, ~$i " ~,_/;_ d / ~,ou,z//.9/~ ~_9~~Ud 5:/:..J.wwJ~/ _.,,...4 ~,.._yr-- 4,~ _.._, +-......y-~,.J:..to ' .../-.,h......r.u _g,.,n:r..;._,,,k/.i '-~~~~··!~' {:,.eM d.·\~ ..., .,. f"""' d.'.cfto ~~ !uuwi.. - ~ k - (o. l.~\ fl:J\Cp.ulutuo\l . d (.~ l~~ \ it~ u'H\u .:.l lc l'lul"l l u• :.~ , (.:l" . INVITATION TO THE BAL-BEI-HOF IN VIENNA (Showing the mistake made in the writing of my name). 1'"' Walur Souper du 7 Fevrier 1910. \ .. Quadrille 2- Waller IJouillon. - Creme d'orge. Laucier Dick a Ia gelee. Ce&iUoa lephyr St. Hubert.. 1 SOUPEB ( / 6!2 U..., Chapons ..Otis, salade, compote . ........ Charlotte. aux p~ches . ! .. Quadrille Dessert. _. ... Walur Schn•llpelb PROGRAMME OF THE DANCING MENU OF THE SUPPER . at the Bal-bei-Hof. At th~_Bal-bei-Hof in Vienna at which I was present. It is identical witb that used during the reign of Maria-Theresa. tbe last of tbe Hapsburgs (1717- 178o). Her father (Charles VI) it was who conferred a Countsbip on tbe Hon. William Bentinck on December 24tb, 1732. THE . EX-KAISER· ·IN' . EXILE. BY LADY NORAH BENTINCK HODDER AND STOUGHTON LIMITED • LOND_ON .APPENDIX I.-OUTSTANDING DATES OF THE' EUROPEf\N ··WAR 4TH AUGUST 1914-9TH NOVEMBER 1918 1914 June 28 • Archduke Frane Ferdinand shot at Sarajevo.
    [Show full text]
  • The Solemnity of Shadows: Juan Laurent's Vision of Spain
    The Solemnity of Shadows: Juan Laurent’s Vision of Spain National Gallery of Art November 7–December 30, 2011 Checklist of the exhibition Unless otherwise noted, all photographs are by Juan Laurent and are albumen silver prints made from wet collodion negatives; dates are those of the collodion negatives. 1 Entrance to Toledo by way of the Alcántara 3 Plaza de la Constitución, Valencia, 1870 Bridge, c. 1864–1870 Recent research suggests that this photograph, previously Toledo is the ancient capital of Castile. Dominating the attributed to Juan Laurent, was actually taken by Julio skyline in this photograph is the sixteenth-century Alcázar Ainaud (1837–1900), a French-born photographer working on the site of old Roman, Visigoth, and Moorish citadels. for the Laurent Company in the eastern Spanish provinces The Puente de Alcántara, the most famous of the city’s in 1870–1872. The two churches in the background are the bridges, was begun in 1259 and rebuilt several times. In Basílica de la Virgen de los Desamapardos (begun in 1652) 1870, Laurent began printing a catalogue number at the and the Seu, or Cathedral of Valencia (consecrated 1238). bottom of each photograph in a distinctive label that Between them is a 1566 addition to the cathedral known as included the name of the city or art collection, the title of the Obra Nueva, a tribunal gallery for viewing ecclesiastic the subject, and his trade name. At first, the trade name on spectacles. José Martínez Sánchez, with whom Laurent the labels was simply J. Laurent, but in 1875 it became J.
    [Show full text]
  • Josã© Antonio Ulloa Collection of Cartes De Visite
    http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c8g44wcf No online items José Antonio Ulloa collection of cartes de visite Finding aid prepared by Carlota Ramirez, Student Processing Assistant. Special Collections & University Archives The UCR Library P.O. Box 5900 University of California Riverside, California 92517-5900 Phone: 951-827-3233 Fax: 951-827-4673 Email: [email protected] URL: http://library.ucr.edu/libraries/special-collections-university-archives © 2017 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. José Antonio Ulloa collection of MS 027 1 cartes de visite Descriptive Summary Title: José Antonio Ulloa collection of cartes de visite Date (inclusive): circa 1858-1868 Collection Number: MS 027 Creator: Ulloa, José Antonio Extent: 0.79 linear feet(2 boxes) Repository: Rivera Library. Special Collections Department. Riverside, CA 92517-5900 Abstract: This collection consists of 60 cartes de visite, owned by José Antonio Ulloa of Zacatecas, Mexico. Items in the collection include photographs and portraits of European, South American, and Central American royalty and military members from the 19th century. Many of the cartes de visite depict members of European royalty related to Napoleon I, as well as cartes de visite of figures surrounding the trial and execution of Mexican Emperor Maximilian I in 1867. Languages: The collection is mostly in Spanish, with some captions in French and English. Access The collection is open for research. Publication Rights Copyright Unknown: Some materials in these collections may be protected by the U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.). In addition, the reproduction, and/or commercial use, of some materials may be restricted by gift or purchase agreements, donor restrictions, privacy and publicity rights, licensing agreement(s), and/or trademark rights.
    [Show full text]
  • The Papers of Ueen Victoria on Foreign Affairs
    A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of The Papers of ueen QVictoria on Foreign Affairs Part 4: Portugal and Spain, 1841-1900 UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICA A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of Files from the Royal Archives, Windsor Castle THE PAPERS OF QUEEN VICTORIA ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS Edited by Kenneth Bourne Part 4: Spain and Portugal, 1841-1900 Guide compiled by David Loving A microfilm project of UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICA An Imprint of CIS 4520 East-West Highway • Bethesda, MD 20814-3389 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Victoria, Queen of Great Britain, 1819-1901. The papers of Queen Victoria on foreign affairs [microform] edited by Kenneth Bourne. microfilm reels. — (Files from the Royal Archives, Windsor Castle) Contents: Pt. 1. Russia and Eastern Europe, 1846-1900 Pt. 6. Greece, 1847-1863. ISBN 1-55655-187-8 (microfilm) 1. Great Britain ~ Foreign relations — 1837-1901 ~ Sources — Manuscripts ~ Microform catalogs. I. Bourne, Kenneth. II. Hydrick, Blair. HI. Title. IV. Series. [DA550.V] 327.41-dc20 92-9780 CIP Copyright Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth n 1993. This is a reproduction of a series of documents preserved in the Royal Archives at Windsor Castle, published by gracious permission of Her Majesty the Queen. No further photographic reproduction of the microfilm may be made without the permission of University Publications of America. Copyright © 1993 Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II. All rights reserved. ISBN 1-55655-187-8. TABLE OF CONTENTS General Introduction v Introduction: Part 4: Spain and Portugal, 1841-1900 xii Reel Index Reell Spanish Marriage Question, 1841-1846, Vol. J.43 1 Spanish Marriage Question, 1846, Vol.
    [Show full text]
  • The Museo Cerralbo Is Special in That It Is One of the Few Examples in Madrid of a 19 Th -Century Mansion Which Preserves Its Original Décor
    The Museo Cerralbo is special in that it is one of the few examples in Madrid of a 19 th -century mansion which preserves its original décor. It was the residence of the 17 th Marquis of Cerralbo, don Enrique de Aguilera (1845-1922), and his family, comprised of his wife, doña Inocencia Serrano y Cerver (1816-1896), widow of don Antonio del Valle, who brought two children to the marriage, don Antonio del Valle y Serrano (1846-1900), 1 st Marquis of Villa-Huerta, and doña Amelia (1850- 1927), Marquise of Villa-Huerta upon the death of her brother. As a House-museum it is a must-see for learning about the lifestyle of the aristocracy in Madrid in the late 19 th century and the early 20 th century. Moreover, as a collector’s Museum it reflects the artistic tastes of its time, a collection that was considered, at that time, to be one of the most important private collections in the country and, without a doubt, the most complete of its time. THE MUSEUM The building, built between 1883 and 1893, was designed from the outset as a residential home and as a place to exhibit art, antiques and curiosities in a harmonious way, which were brought together due to the owners’ liking for collecting. The former mansion, now a museum, has four floors: lower ground floor, mezzanine, first floor and attic areas. The lower ground floor and the attic areas, which were once the service areas of the home, such as kitchens, larders, the carriage garage, stables, harness rooms, boiler rooms and servants’ quarters, are now the auditorium and the areas for the internal use of the Museum: offices, restoration laboratories and storerooms.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminares.Pdf
    CONTENTS I THE I-IEIUTAGE FROM SPAIN Al'D PORTUGAL Page I II. "OUR OLD KING OR l'ONE" .. 12 III "INDf;PENDENCE OIt DEATH" .. 30 IV. PLOUGHIt'lG THE SEA .. 56 V. THE AGE OF THE DICTATORS .. 80 VI. PERIL FROM ABROAD .. 108 VII. GHEATER STATES AND LESSEH .. 120 VJII. "ON THE MARGIN OF INTEHNATIONAL LIFE" .. 148 IX. THE HEPUBLICS OF SOUTH Al\IERICA .. 166 X. ~lEXICO IN REVOLUTION .. 196 • XI. THE REPUBLICS OF THE CARIBBEAN .. 213 XII. PAN-Al\1EH.ICANISl\1 AND THE GREAT WAR .. 227 BIBLIOGHAPHICAL NOTE .. 239 INDEX .. 243 Vll ILLUSTRATIONS Frontispiece IIISP.\XIC :UIERICA I~ 1783 Map by W. L G. Joerg, American Geographical Society. Facing page 2 FIUNCISCO DE lIIIR.\NDA. Engraving .. .. 16 JOSE GASPAR RODRiQUEZ DE FRANCIA Wood engraving. .. .. HISPANIC AMERICA IX 18i!:! ;\Iap by H'. 1. G. Joerg. American Gcograpbical Society. .. .. JUAN MANUEL DE ROSAS. Engraving. .. 68 ANTO~IO LOPEZ DE SA~T.\ ANN.\. Litho- graph. .. .. 72 PEDRO II. Lithograph. .. " 102 , PORFlRIO DIAZ. Photograph " 116 JOSE ?lIANUEL llAL:\lA CEDA. Photograph. .. " 178 HISPAI\"IC AMERICA IN l!H9 Map by W. L. G. Joerg, American Geographical Society. .. " 236 IX BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE FOR anything like a detailed study of the history of the Hispanic nations of America, obviously one must con- suIt works written in Spanish and Portuguese. There are many important books, also, in French and Ger- man ; but, with few exceptions. the recommendations for the general reader will be limited to accounts in English. A very useful outline and guide to recent literature on the subject is W. W. Pierson, ,Jr.,.Ii Syllabus af Latin- American JIistory (Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 1917).
    [Show full text]
  • On the Advantage and Disadvantage of History for Life
    Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons History: Faculty Publications and Other Works Faculty Publications 9-28-2018 On the Advantage and Disadvantage of History for Life Stephen Schloesser Loyola University Chicago, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/history_facpubs Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Schloesser, Stephen. On the Advantage and Disadvantage of History for Life. The Immanent Frame: Secularism, Religion, and the Public Sphere, , : , 2018. Retrieved from Loyola eCommons, History: Faculty Publications and Other Works, This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Publications at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in History: Faculty Publications and Other Works by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. © Social Science Research Council, 2018. Social Science Research Council Items The Immanent Frame Kujenga Amani COUTURE AND THE DEATH OF THE REAL: A RESPONSE TO HEAVENLY BODIES On the advantage and disadvantage of history for life by Stephen Schloesser September 28, 2018 (September 28, 2018) Gallery View, Late Gothic Hall. Image: © The Metropolitan Museum of Art In the late nineteenth century, Friedrich Nietzsche published his ruminations “On the Advantage and Disadvantage of History for Life” (Vom Nutzen und Nachteil der Historie für das Leben) in the essay collection Untimely Meditations (1874). Tempering the tide of historical studies that marked the age of nation states, Nietzsche argued for the vital importance of forgetting as well as remembering: “In the case of the smallest or of the greatest happiness .
    [Show full text]
  • Cuando El Rey Francisco De Asís Perdió El Aura Regia
    Librosdelacorte.es PRIMAVERA-VERANO nº 20, AÑO 12 (2020) ISSN 1989-6425 CUANDO EL REY FRANCISCO DE ASÍS PERDIÓ EL AURA REGIA. CARICATURA Y VIDA COTIDIANA EN EL PARÍS DEL SEGUNDO IMPERIO (1868-1870) Carlos Reyero (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid) [email protected] RESUMEN Este trabajo analiza las caricaturas del rey Francisco de Asís, marido de la reina Isabel II de España, la mayor parte publicadas en revistas españolas inmediatamente después de su destronamiento en 1868. El estudio se centra en el contexto histórico, con objeto de demostrar que los dibujantes tuvieron en cuenta su vida cotidiana en París. Se inspiraron en sus ideas y venidas a través de la prensa (tanto española como francesa). Este estudio es también una oportunidad para revisar, con nuevos datos documentales, el periodo crucial de dos años que los monarcas pasaron en París antes de la caída del Segundo Imperio. El propósito principal es averiguar cuales fueron los aspectos más risibles de su personalidad y, en segundo término, cómo se reflejaron en la caricatura. PALABRAS CLAVE: Francisco de Asís; Monarquía; Exclusión política; Imaginario social; Humor. WHEN KING FRANCISCO DE ASSIS LOST HIS ROYAL AURA. CARICATURE AND EVERYDAY LIFE IN SECOND EMPIRE PARIS (1868-1870) ABSTRACT This paper analyses caricatures of King Francisco de Assis, husband of Queen Isabella II of Spain, mostly published in Spanish journals just after his dethronement in 1868. The study focuses on the historical context to prove that cartoonists took account of his everyday life in Paris. They got inspired by his comings and goings through the press (both Spanish and French).
    [Show full text]
  • Murder in Buckingham
    Crime Unforgivable A Critical Comparative Crowned Princess Royal of Denmark and France L i t e r a t u r e Comparative Attestation to Denmark Allege Royalty Resulted to Mobbery Terrorism Compiled by: Murder Identity Thief Rubbery and Fraud& State Monetary Counterfeiting & Decades of Political Margrethe II Crime on Genocide Falsification. Valdemarsdatter Crowned Queen Royal of Denmark and France E U 1 9 6 9 D 6 9 9 7 1969 Crime Unforgivable H.M. Margrethe Valdemarsdatter II Crowned Queen Royal of Denmark since 1971 Könge Nyturv AD VERITAS EU CASE 1969 D-6997 Crowned Princess Royal of Denmark and France Comparative Attestation to Denmark Allege Royalty Resulted to Mobbery Terrorism Murder Identity Thief Rubbery and Fraud& State Monetary Counterfeiting of Royal Allowance & Decades of Political Crime on Genocide Falsification Against: Alias Margrethe Mopezat/Alias Queen Margrethe II & Alias Count Henric Mopezat Dato: Tue, 26 Jun 2007 10:04:43 +0200 (CEST) Fra: Ferolaine Cuyos deRoxas Emne: CHIEF OF STATE EXECUTIVE ORDER O8 JUNE 26, 2007 Til: [email protected], CENTRAL BANK OF DK , DANISH PEOPLES PARTY , DK JUSTICE SECRETARY , DK-SUPREME COURT , justice dk , JUSTICE DK DAB , prime minister Denmark , royal mint national bank dk , JUDICIARY1 , JUDICIARY3 , LIBERALS , SOCIAL LIBERALS , Christiansborg Folketinget , Christiansborg Folketinget , CONSERVATIVE , COUNCIL OF EUROPE , Udenrigsministeriet , Arkiv4 , IMMIGRATION SERVICE , foreign affairs dk , [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected],
    [Show full text]
  • Weekly Bulletin October 20 2019
    Our Lady of the Assumption Parish October 20, 2019 29th Sunday in Ordinary Time PASTOR Rev. Edward C. Domme On the Corner of Lomas and Tennessee NE PAROCHIAL VICAR Rev. Michelangelo Cimino DEACONS Deacon Jim Delgado Deacon Maurice Graff Deacon Jack Granato PARISH OFFICE (505) 256-9818 Fax (505) 256-3131 811 Guaymas Place NE, Albuquerque, NM 87108 Hours 8:30 am-12:00 pm & 1:00-4:30 pm Mon.-Fri. Closed Weekends, Holy Days & Holidays SCHOOL OFFICE (505) 256-3167 815 Guaymas Place NE, Albuquerque, NM 87108 WEBSITE www.olacs.org SUNDAY OBLIGATION MASS: 5:00 pm Saturday SUNDAY MASSES: 7:00 am, 10:00 am and 11:30 am (English) 8:30 am (Bilingual) WEEKDAY MASSES: Monday-Saturday 8:30 am CONFESSIONS: Saturday 3:30 pm - 4:30 pm or by appointment during regular office hours. Mission Statement: Created in God’s image, we are the people of Our Lady of the Assumption Catholic Parish. In communion with the Roman Catholic Church and the Archdiocese of Santa Fe, we dedicate ourselves to living the Gospel of Jesus Christ. Guided by the Holy Spirit; nourished by the Sacraments; and under the Patronage of Our Lady of the Assumption; we strive to use our varied gifts and rich heritage to build the Body of Christ through worship, prayer, education, and service to all. 1 MASS INTENTIONS FOR THE WEEK OF October 21 - October 27, 2019 Mon., 21st * Weekday * Romans 4:20-25 8:30am † Lourdes Martinez-Peters by Alicia Luke 1:69-70, 71-72, 73-75 † Henry Reza by Mary Anne Polster Luke 12:13-21 – S.I.
    [Show full text]