The Papers of Ueen Victoria on Foreign Affairs

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Papers of Ueen Victoria on Foreign Affairs A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of The Papers of ueen QVictoria on Foreign Affairs Part 4: Portugal and Spain, 1841-1900 UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICA A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of Files from the Royal Archives, Windsor Castle THE PAPERS OF QUEEN VICTORIA ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS Edited by Kenneth Bourne Part 4: Spain and Portugal, 1841-1900 Guide compiled by David Loving A microfilm project of UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICA An Imprint of CIS 4520 East-West Highway • Bethesda, MD 20814-3389 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Victoria, Queen of Great Britain, 1819-1901. The papers of Queen Victoria on foreign affairs [microform] edited by Kenneth Bourne. microfilm reels. — (Files from the Royal Archives, Windsor Castle) Contents: Pt. 1. Russia and Eastern Europe, 1846-1900 Pt. 6. Greece, 1847-1863. ISBN 1-55655-187-8 (microfilm) 1. Great Britain ~ Foreign relations — 1837-1901 ~ Sources — Manuscripts ~ Microform catalogs. I. Bourne, Kenneth. II. Hydrick, Blair. HI. Title. IV. Series. [DA550.V] 327.41-dc20 92-9780 CIP Copyright Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth n 1993. This is a reproduction of a series of documents preserved in the Royal Archives at Windsor Castle, published by gracious permission of Her Majesty the Queen. No further photographic reproduction of the microfilm may be made without the permission of University Publications of America. Copyright © 1993 Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II. All rights reserved. ISBN 1-55655-187-8. TABLE OF CONTENTS General Introduction v Introduction: Part 4: Spain and Portugal, 1841-1900 xii Reel Index Reell Spanish Marriage Question, 1841-1846, Vol. J.43 1 Spanish Marriage Question, 1846, Vol. J.44-J.45 3 Reel 2 Spanish Marriage Question, 1846 cont., Vol. J.45 cont.-J.46 5 Spanish Marriage Question, 1847, Vol. J.47 7 Reel3 Spanish Marriage Question, 1847 cont., Vol. J.48 8 Spanish Marriage Question, 1847-1849, Vol. J.49 10 Spanish Marriage Question, 1849-1857, Vol. J.50 11 Reel 4 Spanish Marriage Question, 1849-1857 cont, Vol. J.50 cont 14 Spain, 1857-1868, Vol. J.51 14 Spain, 1869-1873, Vol. J.52 17 ReelS Spain, 1874-1876, Vol. J.53 20 Spain, 1877-1885, Vol. J.54 24 Reel 6 Spain, 1886-1900, Vol. J.55 27 Civil War in Portugal, 1846-1847, Vol. J.56 30 Civil War in Portugal, 1847, Vol. J.57 31 Reel 7 Civil War in Portugal, 1847 cont., Vol. J.57 cont.-Vol. J.59 32 ReelS Civil War in Portugal, 1847-1848, Vol. J.60 36 Saldanha Revolution in Portugal, 1851, Vol. J.61 37 Portugal, 1854-1856, Vol. J.62 38 iii Reel 9 Portugal, 1857-1858, Vol. J.63 39 Portugal, 1858-1862, Vol. J.64 41 Reel 10 Portugal, 1858-1862 cont., Vol. J.64 cont 42 Portugal, 1863-1886, Vol. J.65 43 Portugal, 1887-1900, Vol. J.66 45 Correspondent Index 49 iv GENERAL INTRODUCTION The papers of modern British sovereigns have suffered as many vicissitudes as have other private collections. Almost all of William IV's papers, official as well as private, were probably destroyed by his executors,1 and large quantities of George IV's either upon his death or nearly a century later.2 So, too, was a large quantity of Edward Vni's.3 Nor, in between, did Queen Victoria's papers survive entirely unscathed. The original manuscript of her diary, from the time of her accession to the throne, was destroyed by her youngest daughter, and the transcript the Princess had previously made both omitted substantial portions and amended others. The 111 manuscript volumes now extant apparently represent only about a third of the original.4 Other important parts of the Queen's papers are also known to have been destroyed, including correspondence with Lord Granville. The destruction even extended to other collections outside the Royal Archives, so-called "very Private" letters to Disraeli being weeded out from the Hughenden Papers and subsequently destroyed.5 Yet, overall, Queen Victoria's papers fared far better than those of her uncles or her son, amounting still, not merely to a formidable collection of private correspondence, but also to what one might almost describe, albeit with important qualifications, as a sort of National Archive in miniature. Walter Bagehot, in a famous passage, thus summed up the powers of the mid-century monarch in Britain: "To state the matter shortly, the sovereign has, under a constitutional monarchy such as our own, three rights—the right to be consulted, the right to encourage, the right to warn."6 When this was written, in the 1860s, Bagehot was stating an ideal rather than a fact; in practice Queen Victoria often claimed—and sometimes even exercised—more power than was indicated by constitutional niceties. In any event, her interest and activity accumulated a vast quantity of paper at Windsor. In addition to family letters and material relating to the affairs of the Royal Household, this included much correspondence with her ministers. The most important was, of course, that with her Prime Ministers, who not only had to consult her about ministerial and other appointments but also had to keep her regularly informed about governmental and political affairs in general so that she could properly perform her acknowledged constitutional role. Thus, in addition to the correspondence regarding the passing political questions of the day, there were also regular reports from her Prime Ministers both of 1 Sir Robin Mackworth-Young, "The Royal Archives, Windsor Castle," Archives, Xm (1978), pp. 117-128. Subsequent references are to this article, which, together with Mackworth-Young's later The Royal Archives and Prince Albert, Coburg, 1985, in the series of essays edited for the Prince Albert Society by A. M. Birke, gives a short but comprehensive summary of the Royal Archives and of the Victorian Archive in particular. 2 Sir Philip Magnus, King Edward the Seventh, London, 1964, p. 461. 3 Mackworth-Young, p. 124. 4 Ibid.,p. 123. 5 Magnus, p. 461. 6 Walter Bagehot, The English Constitution, World's Classics ed, London, 1929, p. 67. v the cabinet meetings and of proceedings in Parliament, and letters from other cabinet ministers regarding the affairs of their departments, from foreign monarchs and others regarding political as well as personal matters, and from a variety of other officials and private individuals. In many cases these were accompanied by drafts or copies of the Queen's replies and by important memoranda and other relevant papers. Apart from ministerial and parliamentary crises, which were by nature fitful, the Queen's principal interest was in foreign affairs. The sovereign indeed expected to see all incoming Foreign Office despatches and to approve everything sent out in her name. But even before Victoria's accession in 1837, the bulk was already too large for the task to be done in good time, if indeed at all. Already, therefore, the Foreign Secretary had resorted to sending her only selected correspondence and instructions, the latter not infrequently after they had already been despatched abroad and on the assumption that they could, if necessary, be recalled or amended en route. The young Victoria, moreover, was unable to cope with all that was expected of the sovereign and relied on Foreign Secretary Palmerston only a little less than on Prime Minister Melbourne. A couple of months after her accession, she requested the Foreign Secretary not to send her any more foreign despatches until she had finished those she already had.7 Shortly afterwards Palmerston directed that only "the most interesting" despatches should go to Windsor, an instruction amended at the Foreign Office to "interesting and romantic."* When, the following summer, her first Ascot arrived, he minuted for the Foreign Office: "The less you send the Queen this next week.. .the better."9 But the Queen was by no means uninterested in foreign affairs, and already, though very tentatively, before the end of 1838 had complained to her Prime Minister that when he was not with her, she heard "nothing" about them.10 After her marriage in February 1840 to a foreign prince with decided views about the role of constitutional monarchy in Britain and a major interest in foreign affairs (as well as with many relatives abroad), this naive inquisitiveness escalated rapidly into personal and political confrontation. Prince Albert was the instrument by which his mentor Baron Stockmar hoped to see the British monarchy reformed and revitalized. "The Baron's idea of monarchy," wrote one of the Prince's biographers, "was that of a sovereign, wise and laborious, withdrawn from the sordid clash of party and exercising power which was unobtrusive but decisive."11 After three months of marriage, however, Prince Albert still found that he was "only the husband, and not the master in the house."12 For her part, Queen Victoria seemed as anxious as her ministers to exclude him from political business. "Albert helped me with the blotting paper when I signed," she wrote about transacting affairs of state a fortnight after her marriage.13 During her first confinement, however, Albert received and made notes for her about all cabinet business and in consequence was, with the Prime Minister's concurrence, given in December 1840 the keys to the secret boxes 7 Brian Cornell, Regina v. Palmerston. The Correspondence between Queen Victoria and Her Foreign and Prime Minister, 1837-1865, London, 1962, p. 9. 8 Sir Charles Webster, The Art and Practice of Diplomacy, London, 1961, pp. 188-9. 9 Ibid., p. 188. 10 Ibid., p. 243. 11 Roger Fulford, The Prince Consort, London, 1949, p. 58. 12 Theodore Martin, The Life of His Royal Highness the Prince Consort, 5 vols., London, 1875-80, i.
Recommended publications
  • Appendix – Prime Ministers of the Nineteenth Century
    Appendix – Prime Ministers of the Nineteenth Century Total Age at first Dates of time as Name Party appointment Ministries Premier 1. William Pitt, born Tory 24 years, 19 Dec. 1783–14 18 years, 28 May 1759, died 205 days March 1801, 343 days 23 Jan. 1806, 10 May 1804–23 unmarried. Jan. 1806 2. Henry Addington, Tory 43 years, 17 March 3 years, 1st Viscount Sidmouth, 291 days 1801–10 54 days born 30 May 1757, May 1804 died 15 Feb. 1844, married (1) Ursula Hammond, 17 Sep. 1781 (2) Mary Anne Townsend, 1823, 4 sons, 4 daughters 3. William Grenville, 1st Whig 46 years, 11 Feb. 1806–25 1 year, Baron Grenville, born 110 days March 1807 42 days 24 Oct. 1759, died 12 Jan. 1834, married Anne Pitt, 18 Jun. 1792, no children 4. William Cavendish- Whig, 44 years, 2 April 1783–18 3 years, Bentinck, 3rd Duke of then Tory 353 days Dec. 1783, 82 days Portland, born 14 April 31 March 1807–4 1738, died 30 Oct; 1809, Oct. 1809 married Lady Dorothy Cavendish, 8 Nov. 1766, 4 sons, 2 daughters 5. Spencer Perceval, born Tory 46 years, 4 Oct. 1809–11 2 years, 1 Nov. 1762, died 11 May 338 days May 1812 221 days 1812, married Jane Spencer-Wilson, 10 Aug. 1790, 6 sons, 6 daughters Continued 339 340 Appendix Appendix: Continued Total Age at first Dates of time as Name Party appointment Ministries Premier 6. Robert Banks Tory 42 years, 8 Jun. 1812–9 14 years, Jenkinson, 2nd Earl 1 day April 1827 305 days of Liverpool, born 7 Jun.
    [Show full text]
  • The Reform Treatises and Discourse of Early Tudor Ireland, C
    The Reform Treatises and Discourse of Early Tudor Ireland, c. 1515‐1541 by Chad T. Marshall BA (Hons., Archaeology, Toronto), MA (History and Classics, Tasmania) School of Humanities Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy University of Tasmania, December, 2018 Declaration of Originality This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for a degree or diploma by the University or any other institution, except by way of background information and duly acknowledged in the thesis, and to the best of my knowledge and belief no material previously published or written by another person except where due acknowledgement is made in the text of the thesis, nor does the thesis contain any material that infringes copyright. Signed: _________________________ Date: 7/12/2018 i Authority of Access This thesis may be made available for loan and limited copying and communication in accordance with the Copyright Act 1968. Signed: _________________________ Date: 7/12/2018 ii Acknowledgements This thesis is for my wife, Elizabeth van der Geest, a woman of boundless beauty, talent, and mystery, who continuously demonstrates an inestimable ability to elevate the spirit, of which an equal part is given over to mastery of that other vital craft which serves to refine its expression. I extend particular gratitude to my supervisors: Drs. Gavin Daly and Michael Bennett. They permitted me the scope to explore the arena of Late Medieval and Early Modern Ireland and England, and skilfully trained wide‐ranging interests onto a workable topic and – testifying to their miraculous abilities – a completed thesis. Thanks, too, to Peter Crooks of Trinity College Dublin and David Heffernan of Queen’s University Belfast for early advice.
    [Show full text]
  • Cumulated Bibliography of Biographies of Ocean Scientists Deborah Day, Scripps Institution of Oceanography Archives Revised December 3, 2001
    Cumulated Bibliography of Biographies of Ocean Scientists Deborah Day, Scripps Institution of Oceanography Archives Revised December 3, 2001. Preface This bibliography attempts to list all substantial autobiographies, biographies, festschrifts and obituaries of prominent oceanographers, marine biologists, fisheries scientists, and other scientists who worked in the marine environment published in journals and books after 1922, the publication date of Herdman’s Founders of Oceanography. The bibliography does not include newspaper obituaries, government documents, or citations to brief entries in general biographical sources. Items are listed alphabetically by author, and then chronologically by date of publication under a legend that includes the full name of the individual, his/her date of birth in European style(day, month in roman numeral, year), followed by his/her place of birth, then his date of death and place of death. Entries are in author-editor style following the Chicago Manual of Style (Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 14th ed., 1993). Citations are annotated to list the language if it is not obvious from the text. Annotations will also indicate if the citation includes a list of the scientist’s papers, if there is a relationship between the author of the citation and the scientist, or if the citation is written for a particular audience. This bibliography of biographies of scientists of the sea is based on Jacqueline Carpine-Lancre’s bibliography of biographies first published annually beginning with issue 4 of the History of Oceanography Newsletter (September 1992). It was supplemented by a bibliography maintained by Eric L. Mills and citations in the biographical files of the Archives of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD.
    [Show full text]
  • Portrait of King Carlos I of Portugal
    A SAÚDE NA PINTURA SAÚDE NA A Portrait of King Carlos I of Portugal Retrato do Rei D. Carlos Rui Tato MARINHO1 Acta Med Port 2013 Mar-Apr;26(2):182-183 Figure 1- Oil on canvas, 265 x 175 cm. Museum of the Portuguese Parliament, Room of the House of Peers. Lisbon. Portugal. 1. Editor-in-Chief. Acta Médica Portuguesa. Lisboa. & Grastroenterology and Hepatology Unit. Hospital de Santa Maria. Centro Hospitalar Lisboa. Lisbon. Portugal. Recebido: 20 de Abril de 2013 - Aceite: 23 de Abril de 2013 | Copyright © Ordem dos Médicos 2012 R e v i s ta C i e n tífi c a d a Or d e m d o s M é d i c o s 182 w w w.a c ta m e d i c a p o r tu g u e s a .c o m Marinho RT. Portrait of King D. Carlos I of Portugal, Acta Med Port 2013 Mar-Apr;26(2):182-183 Keywords: History, 20th Century; Portugal. Palavras-chave: História da Medicina do Século XX; Portugal. José Malhoa was one of the pioneers of Naturalism Charles I. Tuberculosis was one of the most frequently in Portugal and one of the Portuguese painters that came recurring themes and was almost always present in this closest to the impressionists. publication at that time.4 He was born in Caldas da Rainha on the 28th April 1855 In the year the King was murdered, 1908, the Nobel and died at the age of 78 in Figueiró dos Vinhos on the 26th Prize in Medicine was awarded to Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov – PINTURA SAÚDE NA A October 1933.
    [Show full text]
  • The Life of William Ewart Gladstone (Vol 2 of 3) by John Morley
    The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Life of William Ewart Gladstone (Vol 2 of 3) by John Morley This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at http://www.gutenberg.org/license Title: The Life of William Ewart Gladstone (Vol 2 of 3) Author: John Morley Release Date: May 24, 2010, 2009 [Ebook 32510] Language: English ***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE LIFE OF WILLIAM EWART GLADSTONE (VOL 2 OF 3)*** The Life Of William Ewart Gladstone By John Morley In Three Volumes—Vol. II. (1859-1880) Toronto George N. Morang & Company, Limited Copyright, 1903 By The Macmillan Company Contents Book V. 1859-1868 . .2 Chapter I. The Italian Revolution. (1859-1860) . .2 Chapter II. The Great Budget. (1860-1861) . 21 Chapter III. Battle For Economy. (1860-1862) . 49 Chapter IV. The Spirit Of Gladstonian Finance. (1859- 1866) . 62 Chapter V. American Civil War. (1861-1863) . 79 Chapter VI. Death Of Friends—Days At Balmoral. (1861-1884) . 99 Chapter VII. Garibaldi—Denmark. (1864) . 121 Chapter VIII. Advance In Public Position And Other- wise. (1864) . 137 Chapter IX. Defeat At Oxford—Death Of Lord Palmer- ston—Parliamentary Leadership. (1865) . 156 Chapter X. Matters Ecclesiastical. (1864-1868) . 179 Chapter XI. Popular Estimates. (1868) . 192 Chapter XII. Letters. (1859-1868) . 203 Chapter XIII. Reform. (1866) . 223 Chapter XIV. The Struggle For Household Suffrage. (1867) . 250 Chapter XV.
    [Show full text]
  • Mundella Papers Scope
    University of Sheffield Library. Special Collections and Archives Ref: MS 6 - 9, MS 22 Title: Mundella Papers Scope: The correspondence and other papers of Anthony John Mundella, Liberal M.P. for Sheffield, including other related correspondence, 1861 to 1932. Dates: 1861-1932 (also Leader Family correspondence 1848-1890) Level: Fonds Extent: 23 boxes Name of creator: Anthony John Mundella Administrative / biographical history: The content of the papers is mainly political, and consists largely of the correspondence of Mundella, a prominent Liberal M.P. of the later 19th century who attained Cabinet rank. Also included in the collection are letters, not involving Mundella, of the family of Robert Leader, acquired by Mundella’s daughter Maria Theresa who intended to write a biography of her father, and transcriptions by Maria Theresa of correspondence between Mundella and Robert Leader, John Daniel Leader and another Sheffield Liberal M.P., Henry Joseph Wilson. The collection does not include any of the business archives of Hine and Mundella. Anthony John Mundella (1825-1897) was born in Leicester of an Italian father and an English mother. After education at a National School he entered the hosiery trade, ultimately becoming a partner in the firm of Hine and Mundella of Nottingham. He became active in the political life of Nottingham, and after giving a series of public lectures in Sheffield was invited to contest the seat in the General Election of 1868. Mundella was Liberal M.P. for Sheffield from 1868 to 1885, and for the Brightside division of the Borough from November 1885 to his death in 1897.
    [Show full text]
  • Statutes and Rules for the British Museum
    (ft .-3, (*y Of A 8RI A- \ Natural History Museum Library STATUTES AND RULES BRITISH MUSEUM STATUTES AND RULES FOR THE BRITISH MUSEUM MADE BY THE TRUSTEES In Pursuance of the Act of Incorporation 26 George II., Cap. 22, § xv. r 10th Decembei , 1898. PRINTED BY ORDER OE THE TRUSTEES LONDON : MDCCCXCYIII. PRINTED BY WOODFALL AND KINDER, LONG ACRE LONDON TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I. PAGE Meetings, Functions, and Privileges of the Trustees . 7 CHAPTER II. The Director and Principal Librarian . .10 Duties as Secretary and Accountant . .12 The Director of the Natural History Departments . 14 CHAPTER III. Subordinate Officers : Keepers and Assistant Keepers 15 Superintendent of the Reading Room . .17 Assistants . 17 Chief Messengers . .18 Attendance of Officers at Meetings, etc. -19 CHAPTER IV. Admission to the British Museum : Reading Room 20 Use of the Collections 21 6 CHAPTER V, Security of the Museum : Precautions against Fire, etc. APPENDIX. Succession of Trustees and Officers . Succession of Officers in Departments 7 STATUTES AND RULES. CHAPTER I. Of the Meetings, Functions, and Privileges of the Trustees. 1. General Meetings of the Trustees shall chap. r. be held four times in the year ; on the second Meetings. Saturday in May and December at the Museum (Bloomsbury) and on the fourth Saturday in February and July at the Museum (Natural History). 2. Special General Meetings shall be sum- moned by the Director and Principal Librarian (hereinafter called the Director), upon receiving notice in writing to that effect signed by two Trustees. 3. There shall be a Standing Committee, standing . • Committee. r 1 1 t-» • 1 t> 1 consisting 01 the three Principal 1 rustees, the Trustee appointed by the Crown, and sixteen other Trustees to be annually appointed at the General Meeting held on the second Saturday in May.
    [Show full text]
  • Biographical Appendix
    Biographical Appendix The following women are mentioned in the text and notes. Abney- Hastings, Flora. 1854–1887. Daughter of 1st Baron Donington and Edith Rawdon- Hastings, Countess of Loudon. Married Henry FitzAlan Howard, 15th Duke of Norfolk, 1877. Acheson, Theodosia. 1882–1977. Daughter of 4th Earl of Gosford and Louisa Montagu (daughter of 7th Duke of Manchester and Luise von Alten). Married Hon. Alexander Cadogan, son of 5th Earl of Cadogan, 1912. Her scrapbook of country house visits is in the British Library, Add. 75295. Alten, Luise von. 1832–1911. Daughter of Karl von Alten. Married William Montagu, 7th Duke of Manchester, 1852. Secondly, married Spencer Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire, 1892. Grandmother of Alexandra, Mary, and Theodosia Acheson. Annesley, Katherine. c. 1700–1736. Daughter of 3rd Earl of Anglesey and Catherine Darnley (illegitimate daughter of James II and Catherine Sedley, Countess of Dorchester). Married William Phipps, 1718. Apsley, Isabella. Daughter of Sir Allen Apsley. Married Sir William Wentworth in the late seventeenth century. Arbuthnot, Caroline. b. c. 1802. Daughter of Rt. Hon. Charles Arbuthnot. Stepdaughter of Harriet Fane. She did not marry. Arbuthnot, Marcia. 1804–1878. Daughter of Rt. Hon. Charles Arbuthnot. Stepdaughter of Harriet Fane. Married William Cholmondeley, 3rd Marquess of Cholmondeley, 1825. Aston, Barbara. 1744–1786. Daughter and co- heir of 5th Lord Faston of Forfar. Married Hon. Henry Clifford, son of 3rd Baron Clifford of Chudleigh, 1762. Bannister, Henrietta. d. 1796. Daughter of John Bannister. She married Rev. Hon. Brownlow North, son of 1st Earl of Guilford, 1771. Bassett, Anne. Daughter of Sir John Bassett and Honor Grenville.
    [Show full text]
  • WAGE Women Under
    WHO WAS WHO, 1897-1916 WAGE and Tendencies of German Transatlantic Henry Boyd, afterwards head of Hertford 1908 Enterprise, ; Aktiengesellschaften in Coll. Oxford ; Vicar of Healaugh, Yorkshire, den : Vereinigten Staaten ; Life of Carl Schurz, 1864-71. Publications The Sling and the 1908 Jahrbuch der ; Editor, Weltwirtschaft ; Stone, in 10 vols., 1866-93 ; The Mystery of Address : many essays. The University, Pain, Death, and Sin ; Discourses in Refuta- Berlin. Clubs : of of City New York ; Kaiserl. tion Atheism, 1878 ; Lectures on the Bible, Automobil, Berlin. [Died 28 June 1909. and The Theistic Faith and its Foundations, Baron VON SCHRODER, William Henry, D.L. ; 1881 ; Theism, or Religion of Common Sense, b. 1841 m. d. of ; 1866, Marie, Charles Horny, 1894 ; Theism as a Science of Natural Theo- Austria. High Sheriff, Cheshire, 1888. Ad- logy and Natural Religion, 1895 ; Testimony dress : The Rookery, Worlesden, Nantwich. of the Four Gospels concerning Jesus Christ, 11 all [Died June 1912. 1896 ; Religion for Mankind, 1903, etc. ; Horace St. editor VOULES, George, journalist ; Lecture on Cremation, Mr. Voysey was the of Truth b. ; Windsor, 23 April 1844 ; s. of only surviving founder of the Cremation Charles Stuart of also Voules, solicitor, Windsor. Society England ; he was for 25 years : Educ. private schools ; Brighton ; East- a member of the Executive Council to the bourne. Learned printing trade at Cassell, Homes for Inebriates. Recreations : playing & 1864 started for with children all Fetter, Galpin's, ; them ; games enjoyed except the Echo the first (1868), halfpenny evening chess, which was too hard work ; billiards at and it for until with paper, managed them they home daily, or without a companion ; sold it to Albert Grant, 1875 ; edited and walking and running greatly enjoyed.
    [Show full text]
  • Economists' Papers 1750-2000
    ECONOMISTS’PAPERS 1750 - 2000 A Guide to Archive and other Manuscript Sources for the History of British and Irish Economic Thought. ELECTRONIC EDITION ….the ideas of economists and political philosophers, both when they are right and when they are wrong, are more powerful than is commonly understood. Indeed the“ world is ruled by little else. “Practical men, who believe themselves to be quite exempt from any intellectual influences, are usually the slaves of some defunct economist.’ John Maynard Keynes’s General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money (1936) ECONOMISTS’ PAPERS 1750-2000 THE COMMITTEE OF THE GUIDE TO ARCHIVE SOURCES IN THE HISTORY OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT IN 1975 R.D. COLLISON BLACK Professor of Economics The Queen’s University of Belfast A.W. COATS Professor of Economic and Social History University of Nottingham B.A. CORRY Professor of Economics Queen Mary College, London (now deceased) R.H. ELLIS formerly Secretary of the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts LORD ROBBINS formerly Professor of Economics University of London (now deceased) D.N. WINCH Professor of Economics University of Sussex ECONOMISTS' PAPERS 1750-2000 A Guide to Archive and other Manuscript Sources for the History of British and Irish Economic Thought Originally compiled by R. P. STURGES for the Committee of the Guide to Archive Sources in the History of Economic Thought, and now revised and expanded by SUSAN K. HOWSON, DONALD E. MOGGRIDGE, AND DONALD WINCH with the assistance of AZHAR HUSSAIN and the support of the ROYAL ECONOMIC SOCIETY © Royal Economic Society 1975 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Freemasons from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Jump To: Navigation , Search
    List of Freemasons From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Part of a series on Masonic youth organizations Freemasonry DeMolay • A.J.E.F. • Job's Daughters International Order of the Rainbow for Girls Core articles Views of Masonry Freemasonry • Grand Lodge • Masonic • Lodge • Anti-Masonry • Anti-Masonic Party • Masonic Lodge Officers • Grand Master • Prince Hall Anti-Freemason Exhibition • Freemasonry • Regular Masonic jurisdictions • Opposition to Freemasonry within • Christianity • Continental Freemasonry Suppression of Freemasonry • History Masonic conspiracy theories • History of Freemasonry • Liberté chérie • Papal ban of Freemasonry • Taxil hoax • Masonic manuscripts • People and places Masonic bodies Masonic Temple • James Anderson • Masonic Albert Mackey • Albert Pike • Prince Hall • Masonic bodies • York Rite • Order of Mark Master John the Evangelist • John the Baptist • Masons • Holy Royal Arch • Royal Arch Masonry • William Schaw • Elizabeth Aldworth • List of Cryptic Masonry • Knights Templar • Red Cross of Freemasons • Lodge Mother Kilwinning • Constantine • Freemasons' Hall, London • House of the Temple • Scottish Rite • Knight Kadosh • The Shrine • Royal Solomon's Temple • Detroit Masonic Temple • List of Order of Jesters • Tall Cedars of Lebanon • The Grotto • Masonic buildings Societas Rosicruciana • Grand College of Rites • Other related articles Swedish Rite • Order of St. Thomas of Acon • Royal Great Architect of the Universe • Square and Compasses Order of Scotland • Order of Knight Masons • Research • Pigpen cipher • Lodge • Corks Eye of Providence • Hiram Abiff • Masonic groups for women Sprig of Acacia • Masonic Landmarks • Women and Freemasonry • Order of the Amaranth • Pike's Morals and Dogma • Propaganda Due • Dermott's Order of the Eastern Star • Co-Freemasonry • DeMolay • Ahiman Rezon • A.J.E.F.
    [Show full text]
  • Fifty Years of Food Reform
    No.ffy. FIFTY YEARS OF FOOD REFORM A HISTORY OF THE VEGETARIAN MOVEMENT IN ENGLAND. From 1ts Incept1on 1n 1847, down to the close of 1897: WITH INCIDENTAL REFERENCES TO VEGETARIAN WORK IN AMERICA AND GERMANY. BY ; CHARLES W. FORWARD, WITH UPWARDS OF TWO HUNDRED ILLUSTRATIONS. Percy Bysshe Shelley. MDCCCXCVIII. LONDON : THE IDEAL PUBLISHING UNION, LTD., MEMORIAL HALL, FARR1NGDON STREET. MANCHESTER : THE VEGETARIAN SOCIETY, 9, PETER STREET. (L- THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY 127291II AVTOR. LENOX ANT) TIU'TN FOl NDATIONS P 1941 L ffff^fv^^f^^ffmvvvvrfv X . .- «fflo i • ' I■ ' 1 t ,1,1 H B ■ i lis rWr ^^Ml 14* 19 QJ L' ■ ■^«iwri » Inter1or of Northwood V1lla. [The Room where the Vegetarian Society was founded in 1847.) Northwood V1lla, Ramsgate. {.Hydropathic Infirmary and Restdence 0/ Mr. W. Horscll, in 1847. Now (1897) a Sea-sUe Home for Boys in carnation with the Ragged School Un1on. THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED (BY KIND PERMISSION) TO MY FRIEND AND FELLOW-WORKER IN THE CAUSE OF VEGETARIANISM, ARNOLD FRANK HILLS, WHOSE HIGH IDEALS, UNFAILING EXAMPLE, AND INEXTINGUISHABLE ENTHUSIASM, HAVE INSPIRED MYSELF /■ AND MANY OTHERS •; [■. WITH RENEWED FAITH AND ENERGY, • AND DEEPENED THE CONVICTION THAT' THE TRIUMPH OF VEGETARIANISM, WHICH HE HAS DONE SO MUCH TO PROMOTE, IS DESTINED TO BRING WITH IT A REIGN OF" PEACE, GOODWILL, AND UNIVERSAL HAPPINESS WHICH MANKIND HAS. BEEN VAINLY SEEKING THROUGHOUT PAST AGES. PREFACE. HE task of writing a historical survey of the Vegetarian Move ment in England is one which I did not seek, and I should not have undertaken had I foreseen the difficulties it entailed.
    [Show full text]