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University of Florida Thesis Or Dissertation Formatting
SYSTEMATICS OF TRIBE TRICHOCEREEAE AND POPULATION GENETICS OF Haageocereus (CACTACEAE) By MÓNICA ARAKAKI MAKISHI A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2008 1 © 2008 Mónica Arakaki Makishi 2 To my parents, Bunzo and Cristina, and to my sisters and brother. 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I want to express my deepest appreciation to my advisors, Douglas Soltis and Pamela Soltis, for their consistent support, encouragement and generosity of time. I would also like to thank Norris Williams and Michael Miyamoto, members of my committee, for their guidance, good disposition and positive feedback. Special thanks go to Carlos Ostolaza and Fátima Cáceres, for sharing their knowledge on Peruvian Cactaceae, and for providing essential plant material, confirmation of identifications, and their detailed observations of cacti in the field. I am indebted to the many individuals that have directly or indirectly supported me during the fieldwork: Carlos Ostolaza, Fátima Cáceres, Asunción Cano, Blanca León, José Roque, María La Torre, Richard Aguilar, Nestor Cieza, Olivier Klopfenstein, Martha Vargas, Natalia Calderón, Freddy Peláez, Yammil Ramírez, Eric Rodríguez, Percy Sandoval, and Kenneth Young (Peru); Stephan Beck, Noemí Quispe, Lorena Rey, Rosa Meneses, Alejandro Apaza, Esther Valenzuela, Mónica Zeballos, Freddy Centeno, Alfredo Fuentes, and Ramiro Lopez (Bolivia); María E. Ramírez, Mélica Muñoz, and Raquel Pinto (Chile). I thank the curators and staff of the herbaria B, F, FLAS, LPB, MO, USM, U, TEX, UNSA and ZSS, who kindly loaned specimens or made information available through electronic means. Thanks to Carlos Ostolaza for providing seeds of Haageocereus tenuis, to Graham Charles for seeds of Blossfeldia sucrensis and Acanthocalycium spiniflorum, to Donald Henne for specimens of Haageocereus lanugispinus; and to Bernard Hauser and Kent Vliet for aid with microscopy. -
South American Cacti in Time and Space: Studies on the Diversification of the Tribe Cereeae, with Particular Focus on Subtribe Trichocereinae (Cactaceae)
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2013 South American Cacti in time and space: studies on the diversification of the tribe Cereeae, with particular focus on subtribe Trichocereinae (Cactaceae) Lendel, Anita Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-93287 Dissertation Published Version Originally published at: Lendel, Anita. South American Cacti in time and space: studies on the diversification of the tribe Cereeae, with particular focus on subtribe Trichocereinae (Cactaceae). 2013, University of Zurich, Faculty of Science. South American Cacti in Time and Space: Studies on the Diversification of the Tribe Cereeae, with Particular Focus on Subtribe Trichocereinae (Cactaceae) _________________________________________________________________________________ Dissertation zur Erlangung der naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorwürde (Dr.sc.nat.) vorgelegt der Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Zürich von Anita Lendel aus Kroatien Promotionskomitee: Prof. Dr. H. Peter Linder (Vorsitz) PD. Dr. Reto Nyffeler Prof. Dr. Elena Conti Zürich, 2013 Table of Contents Acknowledgments 1 Introduction 3 Chapter 1. Phylogenetics and taxonomy of the tribe Cereeae s.l., with particular focus 15 on the subtribe Trichocereinae (Cactaceae – Cactoideae) Chapter 2. Floral evolution in the South American tribe Cereeae s.l. (Cactaceae: 53 Cactoideae): Pollination syndromes in a comparative phylogenetic context Chapter 3. Contemporaneous and recent radiations of the world’s major succulent 86 plant lineages Chapter 4. Tackling the molecular dating paradox: underestimated pitfalls and best 121 strategies when fossils are scarce Outlook and Future Research 207 Curriculum Vitae 209 Summary 211 Zusammenfassung 213 Acknowledgments I really believe that no one can go through the process of doing a PhD and come out without being changed at a very profound level. -
Cactus Explorers Journal
Bradleya 34/2016 pages 100–124 What is a cephalium? Root Gorelick Department of Biology and School of Mathematics & Statistics and Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Carleton University, 1125 Raven Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6 Canada (e-mail: [email protected]) Photographs by the author unless otherwise stated. Summary : There are problems with previous at - gibt meist einen abgrenzbaren Übergang vom tempts to define ‘cephalium’, such as via produc - photosynthetisch aktiven Gewebe zum nicht pho - tion of more hairs and spines, confluence of tosynthetisch aktiven und blütentragenden areoles, or periderm development at or under - Cephalium, die beide vom gleichen Triebspitzen - neath each areole after flowering. I propose using meristem abstammen. Cephalien haben eine an - the term ‘cephalium’ only for a combination of dere Phyllotaxis als die vegetativen these criteria, i.e. flowering parts of cacti that Sprossabschnitte und sitzen der vorhandenen have confluent hairy or spiny areoles exterior to a vegetativen Phyllotaxis auf. Wenn blühende Ab - thick periderm, where these hairs, spines, and schnitte nur einen Teil der oben genannten Merk - periderms arise almost immediately below the male aufweisen, schlage ich vor, diese Strukturen shoot apical meristem, and with more hairs and als „Pseudocephalien“ zu bezeichnen. spines on reproductive parts than on photosyn - thetic parts of the shoot. Periderm development Introduction and confluent areoles preclude photosynthesis of Most cacti (Cactaceae) are peculiar plants, cephalia, which therefore lack or mostly lack even for angiosperms, with highly succulent stomata. There is almost always a discrete tran - stems, numerous highly lignified leaves aka sition from photosynthetic vegetative tissues to a spines, lack of functional photosynthetic leaves, non-photosynthetic flower-bearing cephalium, CAM photosynthesis, huge sunken shoot apical both of which arise from the same shoot apical meristems, and fantastic stem architectures meristem. -
Bradleya 31/2013 Pages 142-149
Bradleya 31/2013 pages 142-149 Coleocephalocereus purpureus has a cephalium; Micrantho - cereus streckeri has a pseudocephalium (Cereeae, Cactoideae, Cactaceae) Root Gorelick Department of Biology, School of Mathematics & Statistics, and Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6 Canada. (email: [email protected]). Photographs by the author Summary : The putatively closely related cactus Introduction genera of Coleocephalocereus , Micranthocereus , Cactaceae (cacti) in the tribe Cactoideae have Cereus , Monvillea , and Stetsonia have a wide a wide range of reproductive anatomies ranging range in specialization of reproductive portions of from cephalia to pseudocephalia to forms where the shoot, from cephalium to pseudocephalium to reproductive and vegetative structures are indis - no specialization. After briefly summarizing the tinguishable (Buxbaum, 1964, 1975; Mauseth, shifting uses of the terms ‘cephalium’ and ‘pseudo - 2006). cephalium’, I provide gross morphological evi - For instance, Melocactus Link & Otto, Disco - dence that Coleocephalocereus purpureus has a cactus Pfeiffer, and Espostoa Britton & Rose have true cephalium that is formed of a continuous true cephalia in which the flowering parts are not swath of bristles and hairs, with its underlying photosynthetic because every epidermal cell con - thick cortex of parenchyma replaced by a narrow tains a modified leaf that is a hair, bristle, or layer of cork. By contrast, Micranthocereus streck - spine, with no stomata amongst the epidermal eri has a pseudocephalium composed of nothing cells (Mauseth, 2006). Furthermore, there are more than larger hairier areoles in which the un - changes to the internal anatomy of cephalia, derlying epidermis is still photosynthetic and the where the underlying cortex is not a wide swath of underlying cortex is still a thick layer of highly succulent parenchyma, but instead a thin parenchyma without any noticeable cork. -
Espostoa(Vatricania)
Haseltonia58 26: 58–67. 2019 Haseltonia 26: 58–67. 201958 Espostoa (Vatricania) guentheri have unusual cephalia or pseudocephalia Root Gorelick Department of Biology and School of Mathematics & Statistics and Institute of Interdisciplinary Stud- ies Carleton University, 1125 Raven Road (unceded Algonquin territory),Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6 Canada. Email: [email protected] Manuscript received 19th August 2019 Abstract: Espostoa (Vatricania) guentheri is a peculiar putative Espostoa, having some traits in common with Espostoa sensu stricto (cephalia in which many or most epidermal cells produces a spine, bristle, or trichome), some traits in common with Thrixanthocereus (cephalia with bristles instead of hairs; patches of epidermal cells in the cephalium that lack spines, bristles, hairs or trichomes), and some unique traits (gradual transition to cephalium formation; disjunct habitat). Gradual cephalium formation in E. guentheri is common, but not universal, which might be either because Vatricania is not closely related to Espostoa or that Vatricania is of hybrid origin. E. guentheri may have a pseudocephalium, rather than a true cephalium, with the reproductive part of shoots in subgenus Vatricania being morphologically intermediate between those of subgenus Espostoa and subgenus Thrixanthocereus. Keywords: cephalium, Espostoa, disjunct species, hybrid origin, pseudocephalium, Thrixanthocereus, Vatricania INTRODUCTION Previously (Gorelick, 2016: 118), I defined a cephalium as: part of a cactus shoot arising directly from the shoot apical meristem, with the cephalium composed of confluent areoles from which flow- ers originate, bearing copious spines and trichomes, and underlain by a thick periderm in lieu of an even thicker cortex. Bristles and hairs on flowering parts are longer than those on non-flowering parts. -
Ex Situ Conservation in the Brazilian Semiarid: Cactaceae Housed in the Collection of the Guimarães Duque Cactarium
62608 Brazilian Journal of Development Ex situ conservation in the Brazilian semiarid: Cactaceae housed in the collection of the Guimarães Duque Cactarium Conservação ex situ no Semiárido brasileiro: Cactaceae da coleção do Cactário Guimarães Duque DOI:10.34117/bjdv6n8-626 Recebimento dos originais: 25/07/2020 Aceitação para publicação: 27/08/2020 Vanessa Gabrielle Nóbrega Gomes Doutora em Ecologia e Conservação Instituto Nacional do Semiárido (INSA), Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil E-mail: [email protected] Carlos Alberto Lins Cassimiro Mestrando em Agroecologia Instituto Nacional do Semiárido (INSA), Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil E-mail: [email protected] Juliana Gomes Freitas Doutora em Botânica Instituto Nacional do Semiárido (INSA), Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil E-mail: [email protected] Cattleya do Monte Pessoa Felix Doutoranda em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente Instituto Nacional do Semiárido (INSA), Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil E-mail: [email protected] Fabiane Rabelo da Costa Batista Doutora em Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas Instituto Nacional do Semiárido (INSA), Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Nearly 1/3 of all cacti species in the world are at risk of extinction because of human impacts. In Brazil, Cactaceae is among the 10 most endangered families of national flora, making conservation measures essential for this family. In this paper, we document the species preserved in the ex situ collection at the Guimarães Duque Cactarium (CAGD) located in the National Institute of Semiarid, Paraíba state, Brazil. The collection consists of 158 species and 1013 specimens, including mostly Cactaceae and succulent representatives of eight other botanical families. -
Kiefer 113-136
Nyffeler, R; Eggli, U (2010). A farewell to dated ideas and concepts: molecular phylogenetics and a revised suprageneric classification of the family Cactaceae. Schumannia, 6:109-149. Postprint available at: http://www.zora.uzh.ch University of Zurich Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich. Zurich Open Repository and Archive http://www.zora.uzh.ch Originally published at: Schumannia 2010, 6:109-149. Winterthurerstr. 190 CH-8057 Zurich http://www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2010 A farewell to dated ideas and concepts: molecular phylogenetics and a revised suprageneric classification of the family Cactaceae Nyffeler, R; Eggli, U Nyffeler, R; Eggli, U (2010). A farewell to dated ideas and concepts: molecular phylogenetics and a revised suprageneric classification of the family Cactaceae. Schumannia, 6:109-149. Postprint available at: http://www.zora.uzh.ch Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich. http://www.zora.uzh.ch Originally published at: Schumannia 2010, 6:109-149. A farewell to dated ideas and concepts – molecular phylogenetics and a revised suprageneric classification of the family Cactaceae Reto Nyffeler & Urs Eggli Abstract: The advent of molecular analytical methods starting in the early 1990s allows now the use of a completely new and independent character set for the evaluation of traditional morphology-based classification systems. Today, we have at hand some two dozens of molecular phylogenetic studies on cacti that have been published during the past decade. These investigations offer various hypotheses about interrelationships among different groups of cacti and form the basis for a revised suprageneric classification system of the family Cactaceae as proposed here. -
Two More Cephalium-Bearing Cacti Espostoopsis Dybowskii and Facheiroa Cephaliomelana Ssp Estevesii Root Gorelick
TWO MORE CEPhalium-beariNG CACTI Espostoopsis dybowskii and Facheiroa cephaliomelana ssp estevesii ROOT GORELICK any cephalium- and pseudocephalium- bearing cacti described in this issue are closely related to either Melo- Mcactus or Pilosocereus, but there are two striking taxa that are considered to be distantly related: Espostoopsis dybowskii and Facheiroa cephaliomela- na subspecies estevesii. Espostoopsis dybowskii is an enigmatic mono- typic genus. With cream colored spines and pure white hairs, its four-meter-tall stems branch only from the base and start growing a cepha- lium when about 1.5–2.0 meters tall. While similar in appearance to the Peruvian genus Espostoa, it may not be closely related. While both genera are known for their densely hairy stems (not true in all Espostoa species), longer- haired wooly lateral cephalia, off-white funnel- form flowers, and tall stems that seldom branch except at the base, these genera live thousands of kilometers apart from one another. Molec- I Esostoopsis dybowskii on the quartz massif ular systematists have yet to publish a phylog- at Serra Escura, Bahia, but one of many isolated Espostoopsis populations. eny incorporating the DNA of Espostoopsis, but when one does we may finally understand where this cactus sits on the family tree. Whatever the case, it is a gorgeous plant in habitat and a fast grower in cultivation. Facheiroa is a genus of three species: F. cephaliomelana, F. ulei, and F. squamosa. Unlike Espos- toopsis, Facheiroa is now considered a relative of Espostoa/Vatricania by biologists, although hob- bists tend to disregard them as straggly weeds. The first two species have long lateral cephalia, which the third lacks. -
Cactus and Succulent Plants: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan
Donors to the SSC Conservation Communications Programme and Cactus and Succulent Plants: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan The IUCN/Species Survival Commission is committed to communicate important species conservation information to natural resource managers, decision-makers and others whose actions affect the conservation of biodiversity. The SSC’s Action Plans, Occasional Papers, news magazine (Species), Membership Directory and other publications are supported by a wide variety of generous donors including: The Sultanate of Oman established the Peter Scott IUCN/SSC Action Plan Fund in 1990. The Fund supports Action Plan development and implementation; to date, more than 80 grants have been made from the Fund to Specialist Groups. As a result, the Action Plan Programme has progressed at an accelerated level and the network has grown and matured significantly. The SSC is grateful to the Sultanate of Oman for its confidence in and support for species conservation worldwide. The Chicago Zoological Society (CZS] provides significant in-kind and cash support to the SSC, including grants for special projects, editorial and design services, staff secondments and related support services. The mission of CZS is to help people develop a sustainable and harmonious relationship with nature. The Zoo carries out its mission by informing and inspiring 2,000,OOO annual visitors, serving as a refuge for species threatened with extinction, developing scientific approaches to manage species successfully in zoos and the wild, and working with other zoos, agencies, and protected areas around the world to conserve habitats and wildlife. The Council ofAgriculture (CO&, Taiwan has awarded major grants to the SSC’s Wildlife Trade Programme and Conservation Communications Programme. -
N C a C & S S N C a C &
NEWSLETTEREWSLETTER OFOF THETHE CENTRALENTRAL ARIZONARIZONA CACTUSACTUS & SUCCULENTUCCULENT SOCIETYOCIETY year. They arenotsucculents,butmytomatoplantsproducingthebestyieldinyears.Great year. Anyone outthereinterestedinthisproject?Calloremail me(seepagetwo). range tohavesomeplantstheresellmakealittle moneyforourgroup. thevolunteerstobeatshowand,maybe,ar- nd andorganize would needtofi You the club. thiswillprovideagreatopportunitytotalkand meettherestofmembers new member, Howaboutyou??? Ifyouarearelatively ganize ourparticipationintheJanuaryHomeShow. part. the showtalkingwithgeneralpublic.Manyof othergarden/plantsocietiesalreadytake All weneedtodoisprovide peoplewhoarewillingtosendacoupleofhoursat booth space. more ofthethreeMaricopaCountyHomeShoweventsthroughoutyear end, wehaveagreatopportunitytoreachhugenumberofpeoplebyparticipatinginoneor members arebothsmartandnice! to growthesethingsandyouwanttapintothisgreatbodyofinformation.Fortunately and fascinatingindividuals.No?Howaboutthatyouknowtheyalothow more aboutdesertplants.” arethe oneswhosayyoucamebecause“wanttolearn You knowit,yet. but youjustdon’t reason isthatyouareinthebeginningstagesofbecominghopelesslyhookedontheseplants hopelessly hookedonbuying,owning,showing,andtalkingtocactisucculents. Who knowwhoyouare -theones goingonwiththeplants. is becausetheyhavealoveaffair of ournativecactiandsucculentsfromthebulldozerblade,bringthemtohearChrisspeak. presentation willbeinteresting.Ifyouknowofanyonewhomightinterestedinsavingsome it mightbesomethingtheCACSSwouldliketoemulate.ChrisisagreatguyandIknowhis -
Open Research Online Oro.Open.Ac.Uk
Open Research Online The Open University’s repository of research publications and other research outputs Taxonomy and phytogeography of the Cactaceae of eastern Brazil Thesis How to cite: Taylor, Nigel Paul (2000). Taxonomy and phytogeography of the Cactaceae of eastern Brazil. PhD thesis The Open University. For guidance on citations see FAQs. c 2000 The Author https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Version: Version of Record Link(s) to article on publisher’s website: http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21954/ou.ro.0000d49b Copyright and Moral Rights for the articles on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. For more information on Open Research Online’s data policy on reuse of materials please consult the policies page. oro.open.ac.uk Nigel Paul Taylor, BSe (Hons), Botany TAXONOMY AND PHYTOGEOGRAPHY 2 OF THE CACTACEAE OF 3 6 6 EASTERN BRAZIL .... 15 .... 15 .... 17 .... 26 ... 29 .... 30 ... 34 ... 34 ... 38 Thesis for the award of 'Doctor of Philosophy' ... 39 ... 41 .. 43 Life Sciences ... 47 .. 69 .. 72 The Open University ... 75 .... 78 October 2000 ... 90 ... 96 .. 99 . 108 .148 . 157 . 166 189 . 192 194 198 200 205 215 Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (Sponsoring Establishment) f>I u-n-t o~ N 6 . 1 Supplement 1* FORMAL TAXONOMIC TREATMENT OF TIlE CACTACEAE OF EASTERN BRAZIL CONTENTS Introductory notes ...... ........................ .... ... .... ............ .... ....... ... .... ....... ............ ............................ .......... ................... .... 2 Artificial Key to Genera -
Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical And
CBD Distr. GENERAL UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/20/INF/44 UNEP/CBD/SBI/1/INF/42 15 April 2016 ENGLISH ONLY SUBSIDIARY BODY ON SCIENTIFIC, SUBSIDIARY BODY ON IMPLEMENTATION TECHNICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL First meeting ADVICE Montreal, Canada, 2-6 May 2016 Twentieth meeting Item 4 of the provisional agenda** Montreal, Canada, 25-30 April 2016 Item 3 of the provisional agenda* UPDATED ASSESSMENT OF PROGRESS TOWARDS AICHI BIODIVERSITY TARGET 12 Note by the Executive Secretary INTRODUCTION 1. In its decision X/2, paragraph 14, the Conference of the Parties decided that at its future meetings, it would review progress in the implementation of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020, and requested the Executive Secretary to prepare an analysis/synthesis of national, regional and other actions, including targets as appropriate, established in accordance with the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011- 2020 (para. 17(b)). 2. Further to decision XII/1, SBSTTA-19 was requested to identify further opportunities and additional key actions, including for those Aichi Biodiversity Targets for which there has been the least progress at the global level. A list of such targets was contained in an annex to the note by the Executive Secretary for that session (UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/19/2) pursuant to the assessment of progress provided in the fourth edition of the Global Biodiversity Outlook. As outlined in the annex, a number of activities were under way to enhance progress towards their achievement. 3. The present information note provides an updated and detailed assessment of progress towards Aichi Biodiversity Target 12. Section I introduces the target.