1 #SOSAfricanHeritage December 2020 September to #SOS COVID-19 in Africa in Times of Sites UNESCO for Programme Support N Photo © UN ­African Special Special Heritage ­Heritage

#SOS­African­Heritage

German Commission for UNESCO’s special support programme for African 11 UNESCO sites 3 1 Benin, Mono 19 16 9 7 2 Burkina Faso, 2 13 Mare aux Hippopotames 10 3 Chad, Lakes of Ounianga 4 1 12 4 Côte d’Ivoire, Tai National Park 8 5 DR Congo, Kahuzi-Biega 5 20 22 National Park 6 Eswatini, Lubombo 7 Ethiopia, Simien 8 Gabon, Lopé-Okanda 17 9 Gambia, Stone Circles 14 10 Guinea, Massif Ziama 18 15 11 Guinea, Mount Nimba 21 12 Kenya, Kaya Forests 6 13 Kenya, Mount Kenya 14 Madagascar, Bemaraha 15 Madagascar, Bélo sur Mer 16 Mali, Djenné 17 Mozambique, Mozambique Island 18 Namibia, Twyfelfontein and Namib Sand Sea 19 Senegal, Saloum Delta 20 Seychelles, Vallée de Mai 21 South Africa, 22 19 Magaliesberg Funded projects African countries 22 Tanzania, Kilimanjaro

Through #SOSAfricanHeritage, the German Commission for UNESCO supports UNESCO designated sites in Africa. This special support programme is a contribution to an International Relief Fund initiated in Summer 2020 by the German Federal Foreign Office and the Goethe- Institut in order to provide rapid support to cultural and educational organisations abroad during the COVID-19 pandemic. The following articles introduce the 22 projects funded by the 2 German Commission for UNESCO. Many UNESCO designated sites in African countries suffer from severe impairments caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Numerous sites had to close for visitors and in turn are facing major losses of income. Due to massive financial losses, some sites no longer had the means to pay their staff in charge of protecting and managing the World Heritage sites and Biosphere Reserves. Consequently, in the absence of patrols, poaching and looting have increased significantly since the beginning of the pandemic.

In order to help UNESCO designated sites to overcome existing impair- ments due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the German Commission for UNESCO set up a special support programme: #SOSAfricanHeritage. The aim of #SOSAfricanHeritage is to contribute to preserving independent and sustainable organisational structures at African World Heritage sites and Biosphere Reserves as well as to secure spaces dedicated to education for global citizenship, sustainability, and cultural diversity.

Funded Projects

On September 1, 2020, an international jury of experts selected 22 projects from 19 African countries for funding. Until December 2020 each project will receive up to 25,000 euros from the German Commission for UNESCO. The selected projects include innovative digitisation and educational measures, methods to preserve the sites’ endangered infrastructures, as well as approaches to create alternative touristic access to UNESCO World Heritage sites or UNESCO Biosphere Reserves. Projects furthermore promote new and sustainable income streams, thus helping to cushion the economic downturn caused by the pandemic. Many of the selected projects are dedicated to protecting World Heritage sites and Biosphere Reserves from poaching and looting.

Find out more about the individual projects in the project-profiles.

The International Relief Fund

The Foreign Office provides the basic funding of three million euros. Addi- tional funding is made available by the Goethe-Institute, the S. Fischer Foundation, and the Robert Bosch Foundation. The overall coordination is directed by the Goethe-Institute.

Numerous other cultural organizations and private foundations, including the DAAD’s Berlin artist program, the Mercator Foundation, and the Sie- mens Foundation, provide additional support funds or participate with their own programmes. With its special support programme #SOSAfricanHer- itage – covering more than 500,000 euros – the German Commission for UNESCO is part of the Relief Fund consortium.

Call unesco.de Website of the Goethe-Institut’s Funds

3 4 #SOSAfricanHeritage Benin With digital monitoring systems monitoring digital systems With the #SOSAfricanHeritage pro #SOSAfricanHeritage the fightthe overexploitation of natural ressources. ressources. natural monitor and prevent poaching and for Nature Conservation Nature for Reserve Mono: Digitisation Benin and capacity training,and the fund capacity of gramme enables patrols to better better to patrols enables gramme Infobox c Benin © Eco — Reserve Biosphere — Type UNESCO site: of Togo and Benin — Country: 2017 — Year designation: of Web presentation of the site by UNESCO site the of Web presentation UNESCO Biosphere Biosphere UNESCO - 5 #SOSAfricanHeritage Benin The Biosphere briefly Reserve presented Virtual Tourism,Virtual and Online Training Through the project supported by the German Commission for UNESCO, UNESCO, for Commission German by the supported project the Through Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through Digital Monitoring, At the Bouche du Roy site in Benin, the focus is, among other things, on on things, other among is, focus the Benin, in Roy du site Bouche At the 2 million people. Main activities include small-scale agriculture, pasture, pasture, agriculture, small-scale include activities Main people. 2 million 346,285 ha. Stretching across the alluvial plain and the delta and river and delta the and plain alluvial the across Stretching ha. 346,285 While in 2019 only 19 areas with degraded mangrove swamps were iden were swamps mangrove degraded with areas 19 only 2019 in While halted. been have actions these all restrictions, pandemic-related the With In order to reduce these pressures while ensuring sustainable management while ensuring sustainable pressures In order to these reduce of area an Togo, and covers Benin of site this south-west the in Located ­ popu local the for course training online an organising is Eco-Benin site via a paid video or make a targeted donation for conservation measures. measures. conservation for donation make atargeted or video apaid via site system SMART should enable monitoring even in pandemic times. For times. pandemic in even monitoring enable should SMART system of ecosystems, surveillance patrols and awareness-raising measures have have measures awareness-raising and patrols surveillance ecosystems, of are which manatees, and turtles sea of species four of sites oviposition - ecosys marine the about knowledge impart – to people young especially forestry, and fishing. and forestry, nearly to home is reserve biosphere The forests. sacred including forests, this purpose, the necessary technology will not only be purchased but the the but purchased be only not will technology necessary the purpose, this monitoring patrol digital the of introduction The measures. digitisation ted targe through reserve nature the on pressure relieves Eco-Benin NGO the tified by ecological monitoring, this number has increased to 59 degraded degraded 59 to increased has number this monitoring, ecological by tified threatened according to the World Conservation Union (IUCN). The The (IUCN). Union Conservation World the to according threatened the and sea the systems, lagoon forests, mangrove of conservation the and floodplains lagoons, savanna, mangroves, of tems mainly consisting tem and raise awareness for the need for protection measures. protection for need the for awareness raise and tem areas in May 2020 – without patrols. In addition, the abrupt stop in tourism tourism in stop abrupt the addition, In patrols. –without May 2020 in areas biosphere reserve will be made possible via a website. Visitors can visit the the visit can Visitors awebsite. via possible made be will reserve biosphere the in tourism virtual addition, In accordingly. trained be also will patrols revenues has intensified overfishing and destruction of flora and fauna. and flora of destruction and overfishing intensified has revenues - ecosys and landscapes of amosaic River, boasts Mono it the of areas bank been introduced in recent years. waste. plastic with waters the of pollution by as well the as manatees, man of overexploitation by the threatened particularly is reserve biosphere Website of Eco-Bénin grove forests, fishing resources and poaching of sea turtles and and turtles sea of poaching and resources fishing forests, ­grove lation – – lation

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6 #SOSAfricanHeritage Burkina Faso focuses on the fight against As part of the #SOSAfricanHeritage #SOSAfricanHeritage the of part As UNESCO Biosphere Reserve Mare Reserve Biosphere UNESCO MAB NationalMAB will Committee improve the of management the population. poaching, the revival of tourism of revival the poaching, programme,support the Burkinabe Poaching and COVID-19 and Poaching against Fight Hippopotames: Mare aux Biosphere Reserve Faso UNESCO Burkina and new environmental education education new environmental and aux Hippopotames. The project opportunities for the local opportunities Infobox — Reserve Biosphere — Type UNESCO site: of Faso Burkina — Country: 1986 — Year designation: of CC BY 2.0, ninicocotte, Flickr Web presentation of the site by UNESCO site the of Web presentation

Les Faits Les 7 #SOSAfricanHeritage Burkina Faso The Biosphere briefly Reserve presented Through the project, which is funded by the German Commission for for Commission German by the funded is which project, the Through which lake after the near especially biodiversity, agreat to home is site The km 60 about located is Hippopotames aux Mare Reserve Biosphere The Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through improved Infrastructure and Education and With the advent of the Covid-19 pandemic and the growing insecurity insecurity growing the and pandemic Covid-19 the of advent the With Scientifique et Scientifique Technologique UNESCO, the Burkinabe Man and the Biosphere National Committee impro Committee National Biosphere the and Man Burkinabe the UNESCO, - mars and ponds its with lake („mare“) freshwater its for known Faso. is It ded by 10 villages with a population of around 40,000. around of apopulation with villages by 10 ded crocodiles, large elephants, hippos, include mammals Wild 52 families. combating poaching by strengthening and training the protection patrols, patrols, protection the training and by strengthening poaching combating species of fish. The Mare aux Hippopotames Biosphere Reserve is surroun is Reserve Biosphere Hippopotames aux Mare The fish. of species site’s symbols alongside the hippopotamus and the elephant. Poaching has has Poaching elephant. the and hippopotamus the alongside symbols site’s the of one is which antelope, sable the as such species, animal certain of sphere Reserve have declined considerably – among other things due to to due things other –among considerably declined have Reserve sphere the reserve is named: the flora comprises 191 species with 136 genera and and genera 136 with species 191 comprises flora the named: is reserve the the slump in tourism and the associated loss of financial income. However, income. financial of loss associated the and tourism in slump the threat to the UNESCO designated site designated UNESCO the to threat existential an poses challenges, economic and health current the to tion antelopes, and numerous types of monkey and warthogs. The birdlife is is birdlife The warthogs. monkey of and types numerous and antelopes, ves the management of the Biosphere Reserve. The project focuses on on focuses project The Reserve. Biosphere the of management the ves process non-timber products for their own fortheir use. non-timber products process and collect to trained be will particular in women addition, In population. local the for offers education areas) environmental break and posting, (e.g. tourism byrevitalising improving relevant the infrastructure sign represented by 160 species of waterfowl. The lake itself is home to 34 34 to home is lake itself The waterfowl. of species by 160 represented forests. gallery its for and river Noire the of Volta floodplain the in hes Burkina southwest in Houet of province the in Bobo-Dioulasso of north poaching is one of the reasons for the decline or even the disappearance disappearance the even or decline the for reasons the of one is poaching increased dramatically since the outbreak of the pandemic and, in addi in and, pandemic the of outbreak the since dramatically increased Bio the in activities anti-poaching and monitoring area, protected the in Website of the Centre National de la Recherche Recherche la de National Centre the of Website ­ ­- - - - 8 #SOSAfricanHeritage Chad The Site Management of the Lakes the local population from Covid-19. from population local the uses the funds of the special pro reforest oases and to better protect oasesreforest and to better Oases and Gaining Land Gaining and Oases Lakes of Ounianga: Reforesting Chad gramme #SOSAfricanHeritage to to #SOSAfricanHeritage gramme of Ounianga World Heritage site site World Ounianga of Heritage Infobox ai Stanley © David — heritage) (natural Heritage World — Type UNESCO site: of Chad — Country: 2012 — Year inscription: of Web presentation of the site by UNESCO site the of Web presentation UNESCO World Heritage World Heritage UNESCO - 9 #SOSAfricanHeritage Chad The World Heritage site briefly presented The aim of the funded project is to strengthen the operational capacities capacities operational the strengthen to is project funded the of aim The able been has site Heritage World the tourism, from income the to Thanks covering Sahara, the in lakes interconnected eighteen comprises site The Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through Effective Management Remedy through Effective 19 and to provide them with appropriate protective equipment. appropriate protective and19 with to them provide Ounianga Kebir comprises four lakes, whose highly saline waters are home home are waters saline highly whose lakes, four Kebir comprises Ounianga With their high-quality fresh water, some of these lakes are home to to home are lakes water, these of some fresh high-quality their With Serir, comprises fourteen lakes separated by sand dunes. Floating reed reed Floating dunes. by sand separated lakes fourteen Serir, comprises with plants adapted to the dry environment to further combat lake silta combat further to environment dry the to adapted plants with reforested be will oases the and installed be will Fences organised. be will with striking colours and shapes. The salt, hypersalt and freshwater freshwater and hypersalt salt, The shapes. and colours striking with of the local population and site management so that they can continue continue can they that so management site and population local the of a subsidy. As government no is there and up dried has funding of source covers almost half of the surface of these lakes and reduces evaporation. evaporation. reduces and lakes these of surface the of half almost covers Ounianga group, second The micro-organisms. some and algae to only tion. Part of the project is also to inform the local population about COVID- about population local the inform to also is project the of Part tion. their site protection and income generating activities despite the negative negative the despite andtheir site protection activities income generating to take regular measures against the silting up of the oases and reclaim reclaim and oases the of up silting the against measures regular take to the local population with food and commercial food products. with population local the agricultural land. Now, with the pandemic and the borders closed, this this closed, borders the and pandemic Now, the land. with agricultural beauty great of landscape natural exceptional an is It ha. 62,808 of area an aquatic fauna, especially fish. Because of their geographical location, the the location, geographical their of Because fish. especially fauna, aquatic been halted. have site the of integrity the maintain to management site and population by the implemented regularly are that measures protection the result, not only the lakes but also the palm gardens in the oases that provide provide that oases the in gardens palm the also but lakes the only not threaten which dunes, sand by shifting threatened is site heritage natural impacts of Covid-19. Regular meetings and tours to and around the lakes lakes the around and to tours and meetings Regular Covid-19. of impacts lakes are fed by groundwater and are located in two groups 40 km apart: apart: km 40 groups two in located are and by groundwater fed are lakes - 10 #SOSAfricanHeritage Côte d’Ivoire Through the #SOSAfricanHeritage #SOSAfricanHeritage the Through World site Heritage Taï National Park, the links zoonoses, between pan Parks of and the Ivorian Office funded project at the UNESCO Reserves will provide information on on information will provide Reserves Pandemics Zoonoses in Times of Heritage Taï National Park: World UNESCO d’Ivoire Côte demics, and biological diversity. biological and demics, Infobox © AfricaForce — — World UNESCO and Reserve Biosphere — Type UNESCO Site: of d’Ivoire Côte — Country: 1977 Reserve: Biosphere as — Year designation of 1982 Heritage: World as — Year inscription of Heritage (naturalHeritage heritage) Web presentation of the site by UNESCO (MAB) by UNESCO site the of Web presentation (WHC) by UNESCO site the of Web presentation

­ 11 #SOSAfricanHeritage Côte d’Ivoire The World Heritage site briefly presented The aim of this funded project is to address the risks associated to the the to associated risks the address to is project funded this of aim The primary the of remnants large last the of one is TaïThe Park National Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through Knowledge Transfer A diagnosis of the origin of COVID-19 suggests that it is a biodiversity abiodiversity is it that suggests COVID-19 of origin the of A diagnosis zoonotic origin. The Taï Park is a natural barrier to this, but it is not suffi not is it but this, to barrier Taï The anatural is origin. Park zoonotic UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, is located on the border with Liberia in the the in Liberia with border the on located is Reserve, Biosphere UNESCO Research carried out in the park has identified certain viruses and diseases diseases and viruses certain identified has park the in out carried Research diseases that can be naturally transmitted between humans and other other and humans between transmitted naturally be can that diseases legumes. in rich especially area, diverse change their practices in the medium and long term. Expected results results Expected term. long and medium the in practices their change erosion of biodiversity. The project focuses on activities that inform inform that activities on focuses project The biodiversity. of erosion of the site. In primates, these viruses and bacteria are a threat to animal animal to athreat are bacteria and viruses these primates, In site. the of populations animal the in streptococci or anthrax tuberculosis, as such most and wettest the is third southern The d’Ivoire. Côte of south-west crisis: An ecological balance keeps the reservoir of millions of pathogens pathogens of millions of reservoir the keeps balance ecological An crisis: ­ des apply to continue who population, local by the recognised ciently the population about zoonoses and hygiene measures and increase their their increase and measures hygiene and zoonoses about population the tropical forest in West Africa. Its rich natural flora and endangered mam endangered and flora natural rich Its Africa. West in forest tropical tructive practices. In addition, the current pandemic has led to a reduction areduction to led has pandemic current the addition, In practices. tructive and improved nature conservation measures by trained national park staff. park national by trained measures conservation nature improved and are of great scientific interest. The World Heritage site, which is also a also is which site, Heritage The World interest. scientific great of are 70 that meant has world animal vertebrates). In addition, gold-washing, deforestation, and poaching wea poaching and deforestation, gold-washing, addition, In vertebrates). ken balance the maintained by management. parks the knowledge about the latter. The local population will be sensitised to the the to sensitised be will population local The latter. the about knowledge populations and a risk factor for the development of zoonoses (infectious development of the for zoonoses (infectious andpopulations a factor risk monkeys of species 11 and pygmy hippopotamus the as such species mal include a new database, information material tailored to the target group group target the to tailored material information database, anew include in wild animals at bay. However, the decline in diversity in the plant and and plant the in bay. at animals wild diversity However,in in decline the in management activities in the park. the in activities management in links between environmental degradation and human health and eventually eventually and health human and degradation environmental between links Taï the of Park Website National et Réserves Parcs des Ivoirien Office the of Website % of newly occurring infections are of of are infections occurring newly % of - - -

12 #SOSAfricanHeritage Democratic Republic of Congo with the help of funding from the with its extraordinary biological biological extraordinary its with the highly endangered Kahuzi-Biega endangered highly the In order to increase the visibility of of visibility the increase to In order It is intended to present the park park the present to intended is It National Park, KIVU TERRA NOVANational TERRA KIVU Park, German Commission for UNESCO. UNESCO. for Commission German is developing the app „MyPNKB“ developingis „MyPNKB“ app the richness and to enhance its touristic touristic its enhance to and richness Diversity Biological to Access Digital Park: National Kahuzi-Biega World Heritage UNESCO Congo of Republic Democratic accessibility in times of a pandemic. pandemic. a of times in accessibility Infobox ie Davison © Mike — heritage) (natural Heritage World — Type UNESCO Site: of Congo of Republic Democratic — Country: 1980 — Year inscription: of Web presentation of the site by UNESCO site the of Web presentation

13 #SOSAfricanHeritage Democratic Republic of Congo The World Heritage site briefly presented The park has been on UNESCO’s List of World Heritage in Danger since since Danger in Heritage World of List UNESCO’s on been has park The The pandemic has further worsened the condition of the site through through site the of condition the worsened further has pandemic The forest tropical primary of area a vast is Park National Kahuzi-Biega The Impairments due to Pandemic to due Impairments Remedy through App „MyPNKB“ 1997 due to poaching, deforestation and the presence of armed militias. armed of presence the and deforestation poaching, to due 1997 Commission for UNESCO. The app is intended to present the park with its its with park the present to intended is app The UNESCO. for Commission

In order to increase the visibility of the severely threatened national park, park, national threatened severely the of visibility the increase to order In with bamboo forests and some small areas of subalpine prairies and hea and prairies subalpine of areas small some and forests bamboo with workshops at schools and other educational institutions to improve eco institutions workshops at and educational schools other deteriorated considerably, COVID-19 information campaigns and the pro the and campaigns information COVID-19 considerably, deteriorated dominated by two extinct volcanoes, Kahuzi and Biega, featuring a diverse adiverse featuring Biega, and Kahuzi volcanoes, extinct by two dominated extraordinary biological wealth and make it accessible to tourists even even tourists to accessible make it and wealth biological extraordinary gorillas on the fields of the local population, which are increasingly threa increasingly are which population, local the of fields the on gorillas the Democratic Republic of Congo – uses this diversity as a habitat. Dense Dense ahabitat. as diversity this –uses Congo of Republic Democratic the ther on the mountains Kahuzi and Biega. and Kahuzi mountains the on ther the app „MyPNKB“ is to be developed with the funding of the German German the of funding the with developed be to is „MyPNKB“ app the tened by poverty and hunger, and recorded. were by poverty tened by attacks repeated following conflicts human-animal in increase the the increased further have frequencies patrol of reduction tours) the and to turn pupils into World Heritage ambassadors. ambassadors. Heritage World into pupils turn to aim The is development Park. in National andtourism the sustainable and is one of the ecologically richest regions in Africa. The world’s most most world’s The Africa. in regions richest ecologically the of one is and Basin Congo the and Rift Albertinian the across stretches It fauna. rich and vulnerability of this World Heritage site. The death of one gorilla due to to due gorilla one of death The site. Heritage World this of vulnerability vision of hygiene products to combat this pandemic form another integral integral another form pandemic this combat to products hygiene of vision pressures. The suspension of certain routine activities (tourism and ranger ranger and (tourism activities routine certain of suspension The pressures. anthropogenic and exploitation mineral production, charcoal poaching, part of the project. In addition, the NGO KIVU TERRA NOVA is organising NOVA organising is TERRA KIVU NGO the addition, In project. the of part in times of pandemic. As the social situation of the local communities has has communities local the of situation social the As pandemic. of times in important population of eastern lowland of population gorillas eastern – endemic a to subspecies important lowland rainforests and Afro-montane forests cover more than 600,000 ha, ha, 600,000 than more cover forests Afro-montane and rainforests lowland lack of ambulatory care following a collision with another in July 2020 and and 2020 July in another with acollision following care ambulatory of lack - ­ - - 14 #SOSAfricanHeritage Eswatini With fundingWith from the German to ensure that community members Biosphere The new Reserve. buil UNESCO for Commission National Commission for UNESCO, Eswatini’s is creating an extension to the admi the to extension an creating is nature conservation activities and and activities conservation nature population to hygiene measures and nistrative theof Lubombo office sustainably. Conservation Nature and Dialogue for Space Lubombo: new A Reserve Eswatini ding to sensitise will the local serve continue to use natural resources resources natural use to continue Infobox © UNESCO — Reserve Biosphere — Type UNESCO Site: of Eswatini — Country: 2019 — Year designation: of by UNESCO site the of Web presentation UNESCO Biosphere Biosphere UNESCO - - 15 #SOSAfricanHeritage Eswatini The Biosphere briefly Reserve presented The country is a landlocked state bordered by South Africa to the north, north, the to Africa by South bordered state alandlocked is country The The aim of the project funded by the German Commission for UNESCO is is UNESCO for Commission German by the funded project the of aim The in rate unemployment high already the exacerbated has pandemic The Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through Dialogue, Fencing, 35 and Information and Lubombo is the first Biosphere Reserve in the Kingdom of Eswatini. Eswatini. of Kingdom the in Reserve Biosphere first the is Lubombo Lubombo. The rural communities in the Lubombo region are therefore in in therefore are region Lubombo the in communities rural The Lubombo. Fences are to be erected to better protect the Biosphere Reserve from from Reserve Biosphere the protect better to erected be to are Fences west and south and Mozambique to the east. The Lubombo region is the the is region Lubombo The east. the to Mozambique and south and west way while being protected from the new virus. new the from protected being way while of important populations of globally threatened species such as the black black the as such species threatened globally of populations important of deforestation of sensitive riverine vegetation, and poaching of endangered endangered of poaching and vegetation, riverine sensitive of deforestation adjacent the on impact The rise. the on are crime and hunger as despair species such as the protected red duiker. red protected the as such species grazing areas. This will also create jobs for the local population. local the for jobs create also will This areas. grazing asustainable in resources natural use to continue members community locals the raise to order In office. administrative reserve’s the to extension tion in the country. It has a high level of biodiversity, including a number anumber including biodiversity, of level ahigh has It country. the in tion to the country’s GDP. country’s the to the participation of the local community. This will be achieved through an an through achieved be will This community. local the of participation the for and Reserve Biosphere the of protection the for both aspace create to awareness for the need of hygiene measures and nature conservation, conservation, nature and measures hygiene of need the for awareness vation and processing of sugar cane, with all the country’s sugar factories factories sugar country’s the all with cane, sugar of processing and vation rhino. Economic activities in the region are mainly focused on the culti the on focused mainly are region the in activities Economic rhino. nature reserves is an increase of marijuana cultivation, indiscriminate indiscriminate cultivation, marijuana of increase an is reserves nature poaching and increasing marijuana cultivation, and to clearly demarcate demarcate clearly to and cultivation, marijuana increasing and poaching information events are also to be held in these rooms. This will ensure that that ensure will This rooms. these in held be to also are events information located in the lowveld part of Lubombo, which is the main contributor contributor main the is which Lubombo, of part lowveld the in located largest of the four administrative regions of Eswatini, roughly covering covering roughly Eswatini, of regions administrative four the of largest % of the country’s territory. The region has the second smallest popula smallest second the has region The territory. country’s the % of ­ - 16 #SOSAfricanHeritage Ethiopia Wildlife Conservation Authority, tenance measures on tourist trek tenance measures on tourist the African Wildlife Foundation will As part of a„cash-for-work“ part As pro In cooperation with the Ethiopian UNESCO World site Heritage Simien National is Park to beimproved. implement urgently needed main needed urgently implement king routes and roads. Jobs against Covid-19 against Jobs Park: National Simien Heritage Ethiopia gramme, the infrastructure of the the of infrastructure the gramme, Infobox © — heritage) (natural Heritage World — Type UNESCO Site: of Ethiopia — Country: 1978 — Year inscription: of UNESCO, Guy Debonnet Web presentation of the site by UNESCO site the of Web presentation UNESCO World UNESCO - ­ - 17 #SOSAfricanHeritage Ethiopia The World Heritage site briefly presented The COVID-19 pandemic has brought tourism in the Simien National Park to to Park National Simien the in tourism brought has pandemic COVID-19 The landscape aspectacular is Ethiopia northern in Park National Simien The Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through new Trekking Routes As this is the most damaging land use in and around the park, the conser the park, the around and in use land damaging most the is this As As part of a „cash-for-work“ programme, the project supported by the by the supported project the a„cash-for-work“ programme, of part As and Jobs and German Commission for UNESCO aims at improving the infrastructure of infrastructure the improving at aims UNESCO for Commission German Wildlife Conservation Authority will create employment opportunities in in opportunities employment create will Authority Conservation Wildlife Park without important income and trade. Under these circumstances, circumstances, these Under trade. and income important without Park where massive erosion over millions of years has created rugged mountain mountain rugged created has years of millions over erosion massive where - infras tourism The pandemic. COVID-19 ongoing the of pressures the with deep. The park is of importance for biodiversity conservation as it is home home is it as conservation biodiversity for importance of is park The deep. their cattle illegal entrance to the park. The resulting overgrazing in the the in overgrazing resulting The park. the to entrance illegal their cattle a As rainfall. by heavy damaged been has and tourists of absence the once the of quality the time, same At the park. the in herds grazing to turning are and farming livestock on dependent more they become have the Ethiopianthe wolf. awild Walia ibex, iconic the including species, threatened globally to the pressure on the park’s wildlife and natural resources. natural and wildlife park’s the on pressure the park the both for opportunities income create to crucial is which tructure, cope them help will that income an earn to people enable and villages the the National Park through urgent maintenance of tourist trekking routes routes trekking tourist of maintenance urgent through Park National the a standstill, leaving communities living in the buffer zone of the National National the of zone buffer the in living communities leaving a standstill, and the communities, will be maintained. Ultimately, this will also reduce reduce also will this Ultimately, maintained. be will communities, the and and roads. The African Wildlife Foundation in cooperation with Ethiopian Ethiopian with cooperation in Foundation Wildlife African The roads. and vation gains achieved over the years will be wiped out. wiped be will years the over achieved gains vation park will eventually lead to land degradation and damage to wildlife habitat. habitat. wildlife to damage and degradation land to lead eventually will park and them allowing communities, local to access opening are patrols ranger Simultaniously, inaccessible. become have park the of areas some result, to due deteriorated has roads internal and routes trekking tourist busy mountain goat found nowhere else in the world, the gelada baboon, and and baboon, gelada the world, the in else nowhere found goat mountain the into 1,500m some plunge that cliffs sharp and valleys, deep peaks, Website of the African Wildlife Foundation Wildlife African the of Website - 18 #SOSAfricanHeritage Gabon With the helpWith of information cam the Site Management aims at aims Management Site the the German Commission for for Commission German the the National with Park funds from UNESCO. intangible cultural heritage on site, site, on heritage cultural intangible paigns and an inventory of the strengthening the resilience of the strengthening Cultural Heritage Cultural Intangible through Resilience Lopé-Okanda: of Landscape Cultural and Ecosystem Gabon Infobox © — (mixed) Heritage World — Type UNESCO Site: of Gabon — Country: 2007 — Year inscription: of UNESCO, Christopher Morris Wilks Web presentation of the site by UNESCO site the of Web presentation UNESCO World Heritage World Heritage UNESCO

- 19 #SOSAfricanHeritage Gabon The World Heritage site briefly presented The aim of the project, which is funded by the German Commission for for Commission German by the funded is which project, the of aim The the about information reliable few too receiving are Lopé of people The reduction asignificant to led also has villages the in virus the of spread The Park National Lopé the on effects numerous had have measures These 2020 March in Gabon COVID-19in of case first the of appearance The between interface unusual an is site Heritage World Lopé-Okanda The Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through Information, New Sources Congo forests and to the central east and southern Africa, which has has which Africa, southern and east central the to and forests Congo West Africa along the Ogooué valley to the north of the dense, evergreen evergreen dense, the of north the to valley Ogooué the along Africa West of Income, and Traditional Knowledge UNESCO, is to strengthen the resilience of the World Heritage site and and site Heritage World the of resilience the strengthen to is UNESCO, It not only hosts a wide variety of habitats and species, including endan including species, and habitats of variety awide hosts only not It will be promoted. Together, these activities should help to strengthen the the strengthen to help should Together, activities promoted. be will these organises information campaigns for the local population about the impact impact the about population local the for campaigns information organises environments. and savannah rainforest tropical and well-preserved dense change. Some 1,800 rock carvings bear witness to various peoples who left left who peoples various to witness bear carvings rock 1,800 Some change. biological and ecological the illustrates also but mammals, large gered shaped the development of the whole Africa. ofshaped the sub-Saharan closure of hotels and restaurants, a ban on visits, the reduction of local local of reduction the visits, on aban closure restaurants, and hotels of thus facilitate the management of the pandemic. The Site Management Management Site The pandemic. the of management the facilitate thus the latter.the and consequences of the pandemic. A compilation of an inventory of local local of inventory an of Acompilation pandemic. the of consequences and around mountain peaks, caves, and shelters. Neolithic and Iron Age sites sites Age Iron and Neolithic shelters. and caves, peaks, mountain around climate post-glacial to habitats and species of processes adaptation and on the population living in and around the park. These include the the include These park. the around and in living population the on and resilience of the World Heritage site. site. Heritage World the of resilience population the for income provide to activities addition, In produced. be reflect an important migration route of the Bantu and other peoples from from peoples other and Bantu the of route migration important an reflect remains settlement behind and well-preserved comparatively extensive between the virus and traditional knowledge and the healing promises of of promises healing the and knowledge traditional and virus the between links potential about including on, passed being is misinformation much aresult, As government. by the taken measures the about and pandemic activities. cultural all of suspension the and markets the on products measures. protective numerous take to authorities national the prompted intangible cultural heritage that can be helpful in combating COVID-19 will will COVID-19 combating in helpful be can that heritage cultural intangible in agricultural activities, which lead to lower resilience for the coming year. coming the for resilience lower to lead which activities, agricultural in Website of the World Heritage Site Heritage World the of Website ­

20 #SOSAfricanHeritage Gambia their entrepreneurial skills. skills. entrepreneurial their Promoting women young and Promoting #SOSAfricanHeritage project im project #SOSAfricanHeritage Centre in Gambia. Handicraft and and Handicraft Gambia. in Centre people is at the heart ofpeople this is at the heart history education aims at improving improving at aims education history and Culture byplemented the Arts of Women and Young People Promotion Circles: Stone Senegambian Heritage Gambia Infobox ase tn Brink ten © Carsten — heritage) (cultural Heritage World — Type UNESCO Site: of Gambia — Country: 2006 — Year inscription: of Web presentation of the site by UNESCO site the of Web presentation UNESCO World UNESCO

­­ 21 #SOSAfricanHeritage Gambia The World Heritage site briefly presented This project aims to provide 50 young people living in the communities communities the in living people young 50 provide to aims project This district Niumi the in site Heritage World this at living communities The an representing circles stone of groups large four of consists site The Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through History Education Education History through Remedy 25 women will be trained in handicraft techniques so that they can make can they that so techniques handicraft in trained be will women 25 and Crafts and It reflects a prosperous, highly organised, and durable society. durable and organised, highly prosperous, a reflects It Kerbatch comprise 93 stone circles and numerous tumuli and burial burial and tumuli numerous and circles stone 93 comprise Kerbatch March 2020 mean that these communities are now even more severely severely more noweven are communities these that mean 2020 March cotton prints for sale when tourists return to the site. As part of this this of part As site. the to return tourists when sale for prints cotton years. 1,500 than more over formed been has that landscape sacred extensive an form tumuli associated the and columns laterite of circles Together, here. found stone been have the AD century 16th and BC century of Juffureh with the skills necessary to make a living, but also to improve improve to also but make aliving, to necessary skills the with Juffureh of Wanar, Ngayène, and Sine Wassu, groups, River. four Gambia The the of asection along monuments 1,000 over of concentration extraordinary cities or leave the country. country. the leave or cities the to move to women and people young on pressure of deal great for young people and women in this community. The outbreak of Covid-19, Covid-19, of outbreak The community. this in women and people young for training, the women will also be trained in online marketing to ensure a ensure to marketing online in trained be also will women the training, trained guides. The training of the tourist guides will focus on counter on focus will guides tourist the of training The guides. trained knowledge World about the site throughtheir historical well- Heritage the state protection measures, and the resulting decline in revenue since since revenue in decline resulting the and measures, protection state the acting historical revisionism, myths, and misinterpretations of history. history. of misinterpretations and myths, revisionism, historical acting are already at risk of poverty, which in the past has forced many young many young forced has past the in which poverty, of risk at already are affected. This has also led to a 95 percent drop in income and created a created and income in drop percent a95 to led also has This affected. permanent clientele. mounds, some of which have been excavated. Materials from the 3rd 3rd the from Materials excavated. been have which of some mounds, people to leave their homes. Tourism is one of the main sources of income income of sources Tourism main the of one is homes. their leave to people Website of the National Centre for Arts &Culture Arts for Centre National the of Website ­

22 #SOSAfricanHeritage Guinea World Heritage site Mont Nimba, Mont Nimba, site World Heritage the Reserve Office uses the uses Office the Reserve In the Guinean UNESCO #SOSAfricanHeritage funds for for funds #SOSAfricanHeritage referencing, and mapping of of mapping and referencing, for Animal Welfare Mapping Nimba: Mount Guinea ape habitats. habitats. ape geo- patrols, anti-poaching Infobox © — — World UNESCO and Reserve Biosphere — Type UNESCO Site: of d’Ivoire Côte Guinea, — Country: 1980 Reserve: Biosphere as — Year designation of 1982 Heritage: Natural World as — Year inscription of UNESCO, Guy Debonnet Heritage (naturalHeritage heritage) Web presentation of the site by UNESCO (MAB) by UNESCO site the of Web presentation (WHC) by UNESCO site the of Web presentation UNESCO World Heritage World Heritage UNESCO

23 #SOSAfricanHeritage Guinea The World Heritage site briefly presented These include monthly search and anti-poaching patrols and the identi the and patrols anti-poaching and search monthly include These at aims UNESCO for Commission by German supported project The This World Heritage site, which is also listed as a UNESCO Biosphere Biosphere aUNESCO as listed also is which site, Heritage World This Guinea in ha 12,540 thereof ha, 17,540 of surface atotal covers area The Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through Data As a veritable „water tower“ with some fifty springs between Côte d’Ivoire d’Ivoire Côte between springs fifty some with „water tower“ a veritable As fication, geo-referencing, and mapping of areas frequented by great apes apes great by frequented areas of mapping and geo-referencing, fication, and Awarenessand Raising Since the emergence of the novel coronavirus, no cases have been been have cases no coronavirus, novel the of emergence the Since (as of August 2020). The management of the Biosphere Reserve has so so has Reserve Biosphere the of management (as The 2020). August of Reserve, is home to endemic and diverse species of the most remarkable remarkable most the of species diverse and endemic to home is Reserve, severely affected by poaching. The World Heritage site has therefore therefore has site Heritage World The by poaching. affected severely de strengthening the general conservation measures of the nature reserve: reserve: nature the of measures conservation general the strengthening chimpanzees that use stones as tools. as stones use that chimpanzees fauna. and flora endemic rich aparticularly feature levels lower the on pastures mountain grassy and forest dense with covered are which slopes, far been maintained. Surveillance patrols and assistance to the local com local the to assistance and patrols Surveillance maintained. been far the Nimba massif have not suffered much damage, the fauna has been been has fauna the damage, much suffered not have massif Nimba the to facilitate their surveillance. In addition, this data will be processed processed be will data this addition, In surveillance. their facilitate to the African continent; in particular, endangered species such as the micro the as such species endangered particular, in continent; African the animal and plant populations, not only in West Africa but throughout throughout but Africa West in only not populations, plant and animal d’Ivoire. Côte in ha 5,000 and by amountain dominated is reserve nature Nimba“ „Mont the Guinea, and been placed on the UNESCO list of World Heritage in Danger since 1992. since Danger in Heritage World of list UNESCO the on placed been neighbouring villages, which are particularly vulnerable to forest fire. forest to vulnerable particularly are which villages, neighbouring has been under threat for decades due to increased pressure from from pressure increased to due decades for threat under been has However, massif continue. the will support international through munities region forest the in and Lola of prefecture the in Nimba Mont at reported potamogal of Mount Nimba, the viviparous toad of Mount Nimba, and and Nimba, Mount of toad viviparous the Nimba, Mount of potamogal The levels. sea 1,752 mabove reaching Nimba Mount peak its with range into maps. The Reserve Office will organise information campaigns in the the in campaigns information organise will Office Reserve The maps. into mographic growth. Although the natural forests covering the slopes of of slopes the covering forests natural the Although growth. ­mographic

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­ - 24 #SOSAfricanHeritage Guinea the fight against poaching, and funds in nature conservation, conservation, nature in funds At the Ziama Massif BiosphereAt Ziama Massif the Man and the Biosphere Committee Biosphere the and Man in Guinea, the NationalReserve is investing #SOSAfricanHeritage #SOSAfricanHeritage investing is hygiene measures. through Participation Participation through Conservation Nature Massif: Ziama Reserve Guinea Infobox © Jurgen — Reserve Biosphere — Type UNESCO site: of Guinea — Country: 1980 — Year designation: of Web presentation of the site by UNESCO site the of Web presentation UNESCO Biosphere Biosphere UNESCO

25 #SOSAfricanHeritage Guinea The Biosphere briefly Reserve presented The aim of this project is to improve the conservation of the Ziama Ziama the of conservation the improve to is project this of aim The Liberia with border the at located is Reserve Biosphere Massif Ziama The The forest is one of the most important habitats for endemic species species endemic for habitats important most the of one is forest The is forest Ziama The semi-evergreen. or evergreen, dense, is forest The Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy by Working Stakeholders with on the Ground Since March 2020, the Government of Guinea has taken measures to to measures taken has Guinea of Government the 2020, March Since In Guinea, too, particularly in the Ziama Biosphere Reserve, Covid-19 pro Covid-19 Reserve, Biosphere Ziama the in particularly too, Guinea, In Biosphere Reserve by strengthening the capacity of the local population population local the of capacity the by strengthening Reserve Biosphere by 150 increased deforestation tropical analysis, WWF 2020 aJune to According service. civil downsizing surveys of locally elected officials. With these groups, the reasons for for reasons the groups, these With officials. elected locally of surveys combat the pandemic, including border closures, physical distancing, and and distancing, physical closures, border including pandemic, the combat sures will be developed. Information material, including current legal legal current including material, Information developed. be will sures of the large Upper Guinean forest block between Sierra Leone, Liberia, Liberia, Leone, Sierra between block forest Guinean Upper large the of of purchasing power due to the slowdown in economic activity caused caused activity economic in slowdown the to due power purchasing of texts on environmental protection and protection against COVID-19 are against protection and protection environmental on texts the in actors socio-professional relevant most the all of first identifies tee use of forest products (medicinal plants, wild fruits) and poaching of of poaching and fruits) wild (medicinal plants, products forest of use areduction to led have services the in cuts staff and measures tection to combat poaching and deforestation. In order to be effective, this fight this effective, be to order In deforestation. and poaching combat to the 124 mammal species are elephants, monkeys, buffaloes, pygmy hippo buffaloes, monkeys, elephants, are species 124 mammal the a refuge for several rare, endangered, and threatened species. Among Among species. threatened and endangered, rare, several for a refuge and Côte d’Ivoire. Côte and various species of bats, rodents, birds, and reptiles. and birds, rodents, bats, of species various produced and distributed in the three most important local languages. local important most three the in distributed and produced mea protection adequate and identified be will fires forest and poaching women’s through groups breeders, cattle farmers, hunters, as such region, participative and inclusive. To this end, the Man and the Biosphere commit Biosphere the To and Man the end, inclusive. and this participative potami, chimpanzees, hoofed animals, and carnivores. There are also also are There carnivores. and animals, hoofed chimpanzees, potami, protected species to species secureprotected their income. the to resort to population local the of part alarge led by has COVID-19 is not only being led by the guard patrols, but the project aims to make it make it to aims project the but patrols, guard by the led being only not is in south-eastern Guinea and about 100 km from the town of N’Zérékoré. N’Zérékoré. of town the from km 100 about and Guinea south-eastern in in guard patrols. The result is more illegal logging and poaching. The loss loss The poaching. and logging illegal more is result The patrols. guard in % in March as COVID-19 spread globally. spread COVID-19 as March % in

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26 #SOSAfricanHeritage Kenya With this #SOSAfricanHeritage #SOSAfricanHeritage this With forests. Kenya plans to involve age different ment of the Sacred Mijikenda Kaya of Museum National the project, for Sustainability for Dialogue Multi-Generation Mijikenda Forests: Kaya Sacred Kenya groups in the sustainable manage groups sustainable in the Infobox © IIED — heritage) (cultural Heritage World — Type UNESCO site: of — 2008 — Year inscription: of Country: Kenya Country: Web presentation of the site by UNESCO site the of Web presentation UNESCO World Heritage World Heritage UNESCO - 27 #SOSAfricanHeritage Kenya The World Heritage site briefly presented The informal governance structures of the forests of Saint Mijikenda Mijikenda Saint of forests the of structures governance informal The a along areas forest separate 10 of consist forests Kaya Mijikenda The Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through Digital Encounters 2020, forests have increasingly been subject to urban-rural migration migration urban-rural to subject been increasingly have forests 2020, numerous of remains the contains which strech, coastal long km 200 and Sustainable Business Sustainable and With this project, the National Museum of Kenya aims to facilitate interac facilitate to Kenya of aims Museum National the project, this With ­ sus promote and industries the strengthen to necessary therefore is It Kaya and unstructured management approaches are currently threatened threatened are currently approaches management and unstructured Kaya List as a unique testimony to a cultural tradition functioning as a direct adirect as functioning tradition acultural to testimony aunique as List which were built from the 16th century onwards and were abandoned by abandoned were and onwards century 16th the from built were which caused by jobcaused losses. ducts, existing local small businesses will be strengthened and expanded expanded and strengthened be will businesses small local existing ducts, fortified villages, so-called kayas, of the Mijikenda people. These kayas, kayas, These people. Mijikenda the of kayas, so-called villages, fortified forests. In order to further reduce pressure on forest resources and pro and resources forest on pressure reduce further to order In forests. the of resilience the increase will and structure management functional the impact of the pandemic is currently needed to protect the forests forests the protect to needed currently is pandemic the of impact the and resources forest of state the on collection Data agriculture. tainable tation. Moreover, the local communities contribute to the depletion of of depletion the to contribute communities Moreover, local the tation. of homes the be to now considered are 1940s, the in inhabitants their forest communities for food, firewood, and building materials. building and firewood, food, for communities forest and formal amore to lead will This management. forest sustainable to („Rika“) groups age different the and elders the between encounters tive to become more profitable and also to meet the needs of neighbouring neighbouring of needs the meet to also and profitable more become to against the growing population. growing the against are not profitable enough to alleviate the pressure and to ensure alimen ensure to and pressure the alleviate to enough profitable not are maintained are such as and places holy as venerated are They ancestors. via local radio, television stations, and social media platforms contributing contributing platforms media social and stations, television radio, local via by poaching and internal conflicts. The forests provide various forms of forms various provide forests The conflicts. internal and by poaching building their homes. In addition, since the first COVID-19 case in March March in case COVID-19 first the since addition, In homes. their building for and energy of source main their as firewood use they as ressources Heritage World UNESCO the on inscribed is site The elders. of by councils livelihood for neighbouring communities. However, small local businesses However, businesses local small communities. neighbouring for livelihood link to a living tradition. aliving to link Website of the National Museum of Kenya of Museum National the of Website - ­ - 28 #SOSAfricanHeritage Kenya The Forest Meru uses Upper Imenti Forest and to ensure #SOSAfricanHeritage funds to to funds #SOSAfricanHeritage improve the biosphere of the the of biosphere improve the Sustainable Forest Management Forest Sustainable Mount Kenya:Reserve Kenya a more sustainable livelihood livelihood sustainable more a of community members. community of Infobox © — — World UNESCO and Reserve Biosphere — Type UNESCO Site: of Kenia — Country: 1997 Heritage: World as — Year inscription of 1978 Reserve: Biosphere as — Year designation of Water, LandandEcosystems Heritage (naturalHeritage heritage) Web presentation of the site by UNESCO (WHC) by UNESCO site the of Web presentation (MAB) by UNESCO site the of Web presentation UNESCO Biosphere Biosphere UNESCO

29 #SOSAfricanHeritage Kenya The Biosphere briefly Reserve presented Virtual Tourism,Virtual and Online Training The COVID-19 crisis, in conjunction with the Kenyan economic crisis, crisis, Kenyan economic the with conjunction in crisis, COVID-19 The Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through Digital Monitoring, UNESCO World Heritage List. Heritage World UNESCO Improving the management of the forest biosphere of the Upper Imenti Imenti Upper the of biosphere forest the of management the Improving National Park and the adjacent forest reserves were included in the the in included were reserves forest adjacent the and Park National established was Park Kenya National Mount basin. northern Ng’iro Euaso Mount Kenya, located on the equator about 180 km north of Nairobi, is a is Nairobi, of north km 180 about equator the on located Kenya, Mount Forest and ensuring the sustainable livelihood of community members members community of livelihood sustainable the ensuring and Forest wild plants and other plant-based medicines in forests will increase. The The increase. will forests in medicines plant-based other and plants wild of the highland-lowland system of Mount Kenya and the adjacent upper upper adjacent the Kenya and Mount of system highland-lowland the of spreading to villagers and wildlife are also growing. also are wildlife and villagers to spreading - over-harves an to leading wildlife, and plants medicinal including use, own organisational structure of the Biosphere Reserve through active stake active through Reserve Biosphere the of structure organisational for its foothills and the surrounding areas. Increasing conflicts over water water over conflicts Increasing areas. surrounding the and foothills its for reservoir water important Kenya an is Mount grassland. and moorland to up ting of natural resources. With the outbreak of COVID-19, the search for for search the COVID-19, of outbreak the With resources. natural of ting through exchange programmes and cultural diversity. cultural and programmes exchange through and other unplanned activities are increasing. Local fears of the virus virus the of fears Local increasing. are activities unplanned other and resources influence the complex ecological and socio-economic dynamics dynamics socio-economic and ecological complex the influence resources further and metres 3,200 about at heather tree-like of azone into merges pandemic and the migration of population from urban to rural areas due to to due areas rural to urban from population of migration the and pandemic becoming increasingly dependent on forests and forest products for their their for products forest and forests on dependent increasingly becoming are Smallholders targets. emission achieve to efforts international ring hampe thus Forest, Imenti Upper the in rates deforestation increased has holder participation, sustainable management of the ecosystem, and ecosystem, the of management sustainable participation, holder buting to strengthening and maintaining the independence and sustainable and and maintaining sustainable independence the to strengthening buting in 1949 and declared a Biosphere Reserve in 1978. In 1997, In 1978. in Kenya Mount Reserve aBiosphere declared and 1949 in is the main objective of the project led by Meru Forest. It aims at contri at aims It Forest. by Meru led project the of objective main the is lonely mountain of volcanic origin. A belt of humid Afromontane forest forest Afromontane humid of Abelt origin. volcanic of mountain lonely livelihoods are being lost, while illegal charcoal production, encroachments, encroachments, production, charcoal illegal while lost, being are livelihoods Legal resources. forest on pressure the increasing is employment of lack ­ ­ - 30 #SOSAfricanHeritage Madagascar Tsingy de Bemaraha UNESCO World Through training and educational educational and training Through Heritage site aims to increase the aims the increase to site Heritage ning the organisation of the site. the of organisation ning the stakeholders, local of participation paigns and regular meetings, the measures, joint fire-fighting cam fire-fighting joint measures, site management, thus strengthe thus management, site Local Committees Local through Protection Better TsingyHeritage Bemaraha: de Madagascar communities, and authorities in in authorities and communities, Infobox © — heritage) (natural Heritage World — Type UNESCO Site: of Madagascar — Country: 1990 — Year inscription: of Tee laRosa Web presentation of the site by UNESCO site the of Web presentation UNESCO World UNESCO - - 31 #SOSAfricanHeritage Madagascar The World Heritage site briefly presented The National Park is also one of the most visited places in Madagascar Madagascar in places visited most the of one also is Park National The This is to be achieved, for example, through training and educational educational and training through example, for achieved, be to is This to aims UNESCO, for Commission German by the funded project, The social and economic of range awide having is pandemic Covid-19 The - Madagas of west the in located is reserve nature TsingyThe Bemaraha de Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through Education At the same time, a massive increase in fires has been recorded in recent recent in recorded been has fires in increase amassive time, same At the and Technicaland Equipment Food shortages and poverty will continue to increase in rural areas. rural in increase to continue will poverty and shortages Food predicted. be yet cannot awhole as impact social The site. Heritage water bags or mobile and will monitoring phones enable more targeted of illegal logging are increasing. cases and down, burned have savannah of hectares 969 massive: is site on endemism. strengthen the organisation of the site and to increase the participation of of participation the increase to and site the of organisation the strengthen and limestone of cathedral averitable is It structures. geomorphological of variety agreat offers site Heritage World The ha. 152,000 covers and car forms one of the most spectacular natural landscapes on the island and in in and island the on landscapes natural spectacular most the of one forms the total number of cases documented in 2019. The resulting damage damage resulting The 2019. in documented cases of number total the the forest is interspersed with savannahs. Due to its richness in animal animal in richness its to Due savannahs. with interspersed is forest the disected by avery formed is plateau the of part western The world. the to strengthening the organisation, the project also aims to improve the the improve to aims also project the organisation, the strengthening to and plant species, Tsingy de Bemaraha is considered to be a centre of of acentre be to considered is Tsingy Bemaraha de species, plant and by international tourists. The closure of the park for tourism has a negative anegative has tourism for park the of closure The tourists. by international exceeded satellite by detected fires of number mid-May, By the months. relief, largely covered by a dense, dry deciduous forest. In its eastern part, part, eastern its In forest. deciduous dry by adense, covered relief, largely protection measures to be implemented in the future. the in implemented be to measures protection addition In meetings. regular and campaigns fire-fighting joint measures, impact on the financial resources for the sites management. sites the for resources financial the on impact World UNESCO the of protection the including Madagascar, in impacts infrastructure of the World Heritage site. The acquisition of GPS devices, devices, GPS of acquisition The site. Heritage World the of infrastructure local stakeholders, communities and local authorities in site management. management. site in authorities local and communities stakeholders, local Website of National Parks Madagascar

32 #SOSAfricanHeritage Madagascar With the support of young the support With volun will take fires against action forest teers, Madagascar National Parks Parks National Madagascar teers, funds from the special support Belo sur Mer –Kirindy Mité with programme #SOSAfricanHeritage. #SOSAfricanHeritage. programme Volunteers Against Forest Fires Forest Against Volunteers Reserve Belo sur Mer: Young Madagascar at UNESCO Biosphere Reserve Biosphereat UNESCO Reserve Infobox oi Simon © Nomis — Reserve Biosphere — Type UNESCO Site: of Madagascar — Country: 2016 — Year designation: of Web presentation of the site by UNESCO site the of Web presentation UNESCO Biosphere Biosphere UNESCO - 33 #SOSAfricanHeritage Madagascar „tannes“. The reef is a valuable feeding ground not only for the resident resident the for only not ground feeding avaluable is reef „tannes“. The The Biosphere briefly Reserve presented The Biosphere Reserve’s project concept combines nature conservation conservation nature combines concept project Reserve’s Biosphere The – Belo-sur-Mer the of area core the is Park National Mité Kirindy The Impairments due to Pandemic to due Impairments Relief through Young Volunteers through Relief Biosphere Reserve comprises a watershed and a mosaic of rich but fragile fragile but rich of amosaic and awatershed comprises Reserve Biosphere –Kirindy-Mite Belo-sur-Mer the Madagascar, of coast west the on Located Kirindy-Mite Biosphere Reserve. In 2020, fires in the park started very early early very started park the in fires 2020, In Reserve. Biosphere Kirindy-Mite whales, dolphins, manatees and sea turtles. The people are also dependent dependent also are people The turtles. sea and manatees dolphins, whales, with sustainable development. The aim of the Madagascar National Parks Parks National aim The of Madagascar the development. sustainable with diversity, are a valuable asset for tourism. for asset avaluable are diversity, were recorded by satellite in the park, compared to only 66 in the same same the in 66 only to compared park, the in by satellite recorded were develop and implement a resilience system for the core area of the bio the of area core the for system aresilience implement and develop on these natural resources for their livelihood and income. After all, the the all, After income. and livelihood their for resources natural these on as known depressions swampy salty and reefs coral mangroves, savannahs, forests, thorn thickets, forests, dry include ecosystems The ecosystems. one of the expected results. expected the of one sphere reserve – by actively involving the communities in nature conser nature in communities the involving –by actively reserve sphere of forest. of emergency. of crisis economic the exacerbated the health The situation this end, young unemployed people from the region and students from the the from students and region the from people unemployed young end, this vation activities, the fight against forest fires and reforestation work. To reforestation and fires forest against fight the activities, vation brigades. A better awareness of nature conservation in the long term is is term long the in conservation nature of awareness Abetter brigades. protection as trained volunteers, as recruited be will areas urban more project funded by the German Commission for UNESCO is therefore to to therefore is UNESCO for Commission German by the funded project period in 2019, which has already resulted in the loss of some 60 hectares hectares 60 some of loss the in resulted already has which 2019, in period islands and two sacred salt lakes, together with their unique marine bio marine unique their with together lakes, salt sacred two and islands in the year and increased further in April due to the declared Covid-19 Covid-19 declared the to due April in further increased and year the in including through forest fires. From January to July 2020, 216 fire points points fire 216 2020, July to January From fires. forest through including local population and prompted them to attack the park’s natural resources, resources, natural park’s the attack to them prompted and population local Website of National Parks Madagascar - - ­ 34 #SOSAfricanHeritage Mali the special support programmethe special support finallycarried be out theby Mission Urgent repair measures at the the at measures repair Urgent #SOSAfricanHeritage. #SOSAfricanHeritage. Great Mosque of Djenné can now can Djenné of Mosque Great Mali Mali on Clayon Mosque Work Renovation Djenné: culturelle de Djenné through through Djenné de culturelle Infobox af Steinberger © Ralf — heritage) (cultural Heritage World — Type UNESCO Site: of Mali — Country: 1988 — Year inscription: of Web presentation of the site by UNESCO site the of Web presentation UNESCO World Heritage World Heritage UNESCO 35 #SOSAfricanHeritage Mali The World Heritage site briefly presented The Great Mosque of great monumental and religious value is an outstan an is value religious and monumental great of Mosque Great The clay. of use remarkable by the characterised is site Heritage World The The plaster of the fence walls has been washed away. Minarets and corner corner and away. washed Minarets been has walls fence the of plaster The are facades The defects: of avariety has Djenné of Mosque Great The Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through Alternative Financing Alternative through Remedy All these shortcomings pose a serious threat to the UNESCO World World UNESCO the to threat aserious pose shortcomings these All 2016. Culture was abruptly halted this year due to the pandemic. the to due year this halted abruptly was Culture With funds by the German Commission for UNESCO, the Mission culturelle culturelle Mission the UNESCO, for Commission German by the funds With It is located 570 km northeast of Bamako and is one of the oldest cities cities oldest the of one is and Bamako of northeast km 570 located is It Djenné is one of the most famous cities in the inland delta of the Niger Niger the of delta inland the in cities famous most the of one is Djenné Heritage site. The renovation work planned by the Malian Ministry of of Ministry Malian by the planned work renovation The site. Heritage ding example of this. Due to a lack of resources for the maintenance of of maintenance the for resources of alack to Due this. of example ding de Djenné will be able to carry out renovation work this year. The focus is is year. this focus work The renovation out carry to able be will Djenné de ornaments are crumbling. The building materials of the staircase on on staircase the of materials building The crumbling. are ornaments on the maintenance and permanent conservation of the decorative ele decorative the of conservation permanent and maintenance the on tion acceptable for future generations. forfuture acceptable tion the buildings as well as ongoing predatory excavations, the sites of Djenné Djenné of sites the excavations, predatory ongoing as well as buildings the the north side are weakened by age. weakened are side north the architecture in the region. the in architecture region. Niger Upper the in architecture adobe medieval of centre the is and are to be filled in order to maintain the mosque’s condi mosque’s the maintain to order in filled be to are have been enlisted on the UNESCO list of World Heritage in Danger since since Danger in Heritage World of list UNESCO the on enlisted been have partly eroded and cracked. The roofs have been weakened by rain. by rain. weakened been have roofs The cracked. and eroded partly ments. In addition, cracks are to be corrected and cavities caused by rain by rain caused cavities and corrected be to are cracks addition, In ments. in sub-Saharan Africa. The site is an ensemble that for many years symbo many years for that ensemble an is site The Africa. sub-Saharan in lised the typical African city. It is also particularly representative of Islamic Islamic of representative particularly also is It city. African typical the lised ­- - - - 36 #SOSAfricanHeritage Mozambique times of „physical distancing“, „physical of times the tion in the use of digital platforms Mozambique Island Conservation Conservation Island Mozambique Heri For ensuring adecent World #SOSAfricanHeritage programme. #SOSAfricanHeritage Office trains the popula-local Office Mozambique Mozambique Social Media Social of help the with Monitoring and Management Island: Mozambique Heritage and social media thanks to the Infobox © — heritage) (cultural Heritage World — Type UNESCO Site: of Mozambique — Country: 1991 — Year inscription: of UNESCO, Lazare Eloundou Assomo tage management even management in ­tage Web presentation of the site by UNESCO site the of Web presentation UNESCO World UNESCO

37 #SOSAfricanHeritage Mozambique The World Heritage site briefly presented The daily monitoring of the conservation status together with the local local the with together status conservation the of monitoring daily The from 4km located reef coral alimestone is Mozambique of island The Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through new Communication Network Conservation Office plans to provide in-depth training to various World World various to training in-depth provide to plans Office Conservation With the help of #SOSAfricanHeritage funds, the Mozambique Island Island Mozambique the funds, #SOSAfricanHeritage of help the With Heritage stakeholders and members of the local community on the correct correct the on community local the of members and stakeholders Heritage only to participate actively in monitoring the and management actively ofonly Mozam to participate use of the same building techniques, building materials (stone or makuti), makuti), (stone or materials building techniques, building same the of use way the on post trading Portuguese former a Mozambique, of city fortified use of digital platforms and social networks. This should enable them not not them enable should This networks. social and platforms digital of use the active involvement of the local population. local the of involvement active the it makes only not this of All management. Heritage World of problems the consistent the to unity architectural remarkable its owes city The India. to un two Together with Mozambique. of Republic the of coast mainland the the competent authorities. The aim is to establish a local communication communication alocal establish to is aim The authorities. competent the and decorative principles since the 16th century. 16th the since principles decorative and more difficult to protect Mozambique Island, but it increasingly prevents prevents increasingly it but Island, Mozambique protect to difficult more discuss to together communities bring to difficult also is It restrictions. Simi possible. not is work field because impaired currently is population network for the conservation of the World Heritage site between the the between site Heritage World the of conservation the for network of process decision-making the in involved be to also but Island, bique in islanders and other World Heritage stakeholders in Mozambique. stakeholders and Worldislanders other Heritage larly, World Heritage education cannot take place either due to the current current the to due either place take cannot education larly, Heritage World habited islands of Goa and Sena, it forms an archipelago. It houses the the houses It archipelago. an forms it Sena, and Goa of islands ­habited Website of the Conselho Muicpal da Cidade da Ilha de Mocambique de Ilha da Cidade da Muicpal Conselho the of Website - - ­- 38 #SOSAfricanHeritage Namibia World Heritage sites accessible accessible sites World Heritage from the special programme programme special the from In order to make Namibian the two #SOSAfricanHeritage of the German German the of #SOSAfricanHeritage Commission for UNESCO and UNESCO for Commission makes broadly accesible. them bia Namibia Namibia Digitising World Heritage WorldDigitising Heritage /Ui-//Ais and Namib Sand Sea: Twyfelfontein sites Heritage digitally visualises them with funds funds with them visualises digitally even during the pan the during even Infobox eea Tang © Serena — heritage) (natural Heritage World — Type UNESCO Site: of Namibia — Country: 2013 — Year inscription: of — heritage) (cultural Heritage World — Type UNESCO Site: of Namibia — Country: 2007 — Year inscription: of ’ s National Heritage Council Council Heritage National s Web presentation of the site by UNESCO site the of Web presentation by UNESCO site the of Web presentation UNESCO World World UNESCO demic, Nami ­demic,

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39 #SOSAfricanHeritage Namibia The World Heritage sites briefly presented The natural site Namib Sand Desert is the only coastal desert in the world. world. the in desert coastal only the is Desert Sand Namib site natural The /Ui-//Ais or Twyfelfontein the of site one to home is Heritage World The Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through Access Virtual Over a period of at least 2000 years, it documents in a unique and com and aunique in documents it years, 2000 least at of aperiod Over With an area of over three million hectares and a buffer zone of 899,500 ha, ha, 899,500 of zone buffer a and hectares million three over of area an With Since the beginning of the pandemic and the subsequent border closures closures border subsequent the and pandemic the of beginning the Since In order to maintain access to the exceptional cultural and natural heritage heritage natural and cultural exceptional the to access maintain to order In Heritage sites Twyfelfontein /Ui-//Ais and Namib Sand Sea is produced and /Ui-//Ais and produced is Twyfelfontein Sea Sand sites Namib and Heritage World the about material (NBC), audiovisual Corporation Broadcasting worldwide, the negative effects in Namibia have been felt above all in the the in all above felt been have Namibia in effects negative the worldwide, which is overlaid by a younger, active one. Fog is the main source of water water of source main Fog the is one. by ayounger, overlaid is active which sites, the majority of visitors come from abroad. The decreasing number of of number decreasing The abroad. from come visitors of majority the sites, of the German Commission for UNESCO to diversify the digital com digital the diversify to UNESCO for Commission German the of funds project the using is Namibia Council Heritage National the sites, tourism industry. While few local tourists visit the two World Heritage Heritage World two the visit tourists local few While industry. tourism the celebrations of the African World Heritage Day, which is celebrated Day, celebrated is which Heritage World African the of celebrations the the area consists of two dune systems: An old, semi-consolidated one, one, semi-consolidated old, An systems: dune two of consists area the annually on 5May. on annually and ecological niches. and ecological visitors due to the closure of the borders is currently reflected in lower in reflected currently is borders the of closure the to due visitors vation and management of the sites. the of management and vation revenues. The revenues would normally have been invested in the conser the in invested been have normally would revenues The revenues. presented on various platforms. The material will also be used during during used be also will material The platforms. various on presented Namibian the Together with sites. Heritage World two the of nication houses neo reptiles, and mammals adapt to an ever-changing variety of microhabitats microhabitats of ever-changing an variety to adapt mammals and reptiles, hunter-gatherers. of practices economic and ritual the between links the illustrates also it site, other no Like Africa. southern of munities of hunter-gatherer the prehensive way practices ritual various com- in the area, creating a unique environment in which endemic invertebrates, invertebrates, endemic which in environment aunique creating area, the in largest concentrations of rock engravings in Africa. The cultural site site cultural The Africa. in engravings rock of concentrations largest Website of the National Heritage Council of Namibia of Council Heritage National the of Website lithic drawings of animals and human and animal footprints. footprints. animal and human and animals of drawings ­lithic ­mu

­ - - 40 #SOSAfricanHeritage Senegal With funds fromWith the special the national park management management park national the in the Saloum Delta World Heritage World Heritage Delta Saloum in the programme #SOSAfricanHeritage, #SOSAfricanHeritage, programme poaching, and create alternative alternative create and poaching, sources of income. the fight intensify against servation, site nature will con strengthen Sources of Income of Sources Alternative Creating Delta: Saloum World Heritage Senegal Infobox © — heritage) (cultural Heritage World — Type UNESCO Site: of Senegal — Country: 2013 — Year inscription: of Ho Visto, Nina Volare Web presentation of the site by UNESCO site the of Web presentation UNESCO UNESCO

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41 #SOSAfricanHeritage Senegal The World Heritage site briefly presented The cultural landscape of the Saloum Delta UNESCO World Heritage site site Heritage World UNESCO Delta Saloum the of landscape cultural The Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through New Technology and Health Protection Health and Saloum Delta National Park is also affected by this budget cut. Due to Due cut. budget by this affected also is Park National Delta Saloum a had have which Covid-19, combat to resources mobilised has Senegal yields fish and shellfish for the population in its vicinity. its is Today,site the in population the for shellfish and fish yields In order to maintain the protection of the cultural landscape as well as as well as landscape cultural the of protection the maintain to order In while keeping physical distance is increasing. As a consequence, volunteers volunteers aconsequence, As increasing. is distance physical keeping while with hygiene products to better protect the people from the corona virus. corona the from people the protect better to products hygiene with designated as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve. Biosphere aUNESCO as designated of income, e.g. poultry farming. The local health station will be equipped equipped be will station health local The farming. poultry e.g. income, of sites provide information about the cultures from different periods of of periods different from cultures the about information provide sites Burial long. metres hundred several are which of some centuries, the over created been have that mounds shell manmade by 218 characterised still scientific research. At the same time, poaching is on the rise due to the the to due rise the on is poaching time, same the At research. scientific from the communities have stopped supporting the rangers in their acti their in rangers the supporting stopped have communities the from the park being closed to tourists, the local population’s sources of income income of sources population’s local the tourists, to closed being park the the German Commission for UNESCO will be invested in monitoring as well well as monitoring in invested be will UNESCO for Commission German the of funds the measure, equal in population local the of basis economic the the Delta’s occupation and bear witness to the history of human settle human of history the to witness bear and occupation Delta’s the are limited. At the same time, the cost of maintaining activities in the park park the in activities maintaining of cost the time, same At the limited. are as guard patrols and their technical equipment. Furthermore, the local local the Furthermore, equipment. technical their and patrols guard as vities such as monitoring, awareness raising, environmental education, and and education, environmental raising, awareness monitoring, as such vities marine biology. The 5,000 km 5,000 biology. The marine negative impacts on the finances of nature conservation and tourism. The The tourism. and conservation nature of finances the on impacts negative population will be supported through workshops to use alternative sources sources through workshops to use alternative willpopulation be supported ment along the coast of West Africa. In 1981, the Saloum Delta has been been has Delta Saloum the 1981, In Africa. West of coast the along ment includes brackish water channels, mangrove and dry forest, and Atlantic Atlantic and forest, dry and mangrove channels, water brackish includes lack of monitoring. Website of the Parc National du Delta du Saloum du Delta du National Parc the of Website 2 area formed by the arms of three rivers rivers three of arms by the formed area -

­ 42 #SOSAfricanHeritage Seychelles training of its staff to maintain a training staff of its project #SOSAfricanHeritage ting funds in technical equipment and equipment technical in funds At the Vallée de Mai World Heritage Coco de MerCoco palm. minimum level of conservation mea conservation of level minimum sures and to protect the valuable Sey Seychelles, the in the site and Technologyand Resilience Knowledge through Vallée Mai: de Heritage Seychelles chelles Islands Foundation Islands chelles inves is Infobox © — heritage) (natural Heritage World — Type UNESCO Site: of Seychelles — Country: 1983 — Year inscription: of UNESCO, Leila Maziz Web presentation of the site by UNESCO site the of Web presentation UNESCO World UNESCO ­ - - 43 #SOSAfricanHeritage Seychelles The World Heritage site briefly presented The aim of the project is to strengthen the resilience of the Vallée de Vallée de the of resilience the strengthen to is project the of aim The Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through Technology through Remedy Knowledge and Coco de Mer palm. While the direct loss of income is estimated at 2,05 2,05 at estimated is income of loss direct the While palm. Mer de Coco World Heritage site. World Heritage Situated on the granite island of Praslin, the Vallée de Mai is a 19,5 ha area area ha a19,5 is Mai Vallée de the Praslin, of island granite the on Situated Before the outbreak of the pandemic, the Vallée de Mai was considered considered was Mai Vallée de the pandemic, the of outbreak the Before Mai and the surrounding municipalities during the COVID-19 crisis. Staff Staff crisis. COVID-19 the during municipalities Mai surrounding the and will be better equipped to prevent poaching and other crimes. To crimes. able be other and poaching prevent to equipped better be will quantifiable. The Seychelles Islands Foundation, which has the task of of task the has which Foundation, Islands Seychelles The quantifiable. depend entirely on tourism revenues. At present, the activities have had to to had have activities the At present, revenues. tourism on entirely depend de Mer, a palm tree of global importance. It is considered the carrier of of carrier the considered is It importance. Mer,de global of tree apalm government, but finances itself. Its research and monitoring activities activities monitoring and research Its itself. finances but government, the of seeds the resource, natural valuable most its on increasing is ching scape is dominated by the world’s largest population of the endemic Coco Coco endemic the of population largest world’s by the dominated is scape specific, spatially delimited environment. delimited spatially specific, a in occur only that species many animal as well as trees palm endemic the most visited natural wonder of the Seychelles. The World Heritage site site Heritage World The Seychelles. the of wonder natural visited most the that has remained largely unchanged since prehistoric times. The land The hasthat remained times. largely unchanged since prehistoric the largest seed in the plant kingdom. The forest is also home to five other other five to home also is forest The kingdom. plant the in seed largest the to work effectively, staff and other relevant stakeholders will be trained to to trained be will stakeholders relevant other and staff effectively, work to poaching of IUCN Red Listed Coco de Mer, poses an acute threat to the the to threat Mer, de acute an Coco poses Listed Red IUCN of poaching increasing the with combined situation, This accordingly. back cut be the from abudget receive not does Site, Heritage World the preserving not is seeds the by poaching caused loss ecological the dollars, million raise awareness of the importance of this World Heritage site. Heritage World this of importance the of awareness raise at activities addition, In available. technologies new the of use make full is currently experiencing a97 experiencing currently is local and national level as well as increased communication activities will will activities communication increased as well as level national and local Website of Seychelles the Islands Foundation % decline in visitors. At the same time, poa time, same At the visitors. in % decline - -

44 #SOSAfricanHeritage South Africa The management of the Magalies the of management The the #SOSAfricanHeritage funds for for improved protection and law and protection improved for fires forest andfor collecting data berg Biosphere Reserve is using is Reserve Biosphere berg strengthening its guard patrols patrols guard its strengthening Plant Theft Plant Poaching, Forest Fires and Magaliesberg: AgainstReserve South Biosphere Africa UNESCO against poaching, robbery, and poaching, against enforcement. enforcement. Infobox on Karwoski © John — Reserve Biosphere — Type UNESCO Site: of Africa South — Country: 2015 — Year designation: of Web presentation of the site by UNESCO site the of Web presentation - 45 #SOSAfricanHeritage South Africa The Biosphere briefly Reserve presented The aim of the project is to protect the Biosphere Reserve from an increase increase an from Reserve Biosphere the protect to is project the of aim The illegal to also but wildlife, of poaching in increase an to leads only not This pandemicThe and subsequent closures national have to led numerous between Africa South in located is Reserve Biosphere Magaliesberg The Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through Collection Data African sub-region. The area faces high unemployment and poverty. The The poverty. and unemployment high faces area The sub-region. African A variety of flower species grow here. It is also home to numerous animal animal numerous to home also is It here. grow species flower of A variety and Patrols and Sustainable Development Goals“ Sustainable scars. The data will be shared with the relevant nature conservation and conservation nature relevant the with shared be will data The scars. geo- the as such data, appropriate of collection the and traps, animal of removal the patrols, through achieved be will This fires. by forest caused by situation bushmeat trading along Magaliesberg the Biosphere Reserve. the of advantage taken have Poachers losses. job and closures company grassland plateau, the sub-Saharan savannah, and the Afro-montane forest. forest. Afro-montane the and savannah, sub-Saharan the plateau, grassland central the are These biome. athird of remains the and area, geographical cause lasting destruction to the vegetation in the Biosphere Reserve. Biosphere the in vegetation the to destruction lasting cause from the felling of trees for firewood, and from environmental degradation degradation environmental from and firewood, for trees of felling the from tourism. alarger in communities plant and animal i.e. biomes, African large two between interface the forms It Johannesburg. and Pretoria of cities the 46,6 for account which species, bird and referencing of hot spots for animal traps, illegal logging or forest fire forest or logging illegal traps, animal for spots hot of referencing often Poachers trade. firewood the for felling tree and extraction plant and development, urban mining, agriculture, are activities economic main f neces if species, plant endangered of removal the from wildlife, of poaching in ignite several forest fires at once, which quickly develop into wildfires and wildfires into develop quickly which once, at fires forest several ignite law enforcement authorities so that they can take appropriate action take they appropriate action can so that law authorities enforcement Video „Magaliesberg Biosphere Reserve implements „Magaliesberg Biosphere Video Reserve Website of Magaliesberg the Biosphere Reserve ­­sary. % of all bird species in the South South the in species bird all % of

46 #SOSAfricanHeritage Tanzania The Kilimanjaro National National Kilimanjaro The the lower mountain of the forest to remove invasive species from Park usesPark the funds of the #SOSAfricanHeritage programme programme #SOSAfricanHeritage park to protect biodiversity. protect to park Tree Nurseries for Biodiversity Kilimanjaro: Heritage Tanzania Infobox noi Rémond © Antonin — heritage) (natural Heritage World — Type UNESCO Site: of Tanzania — Country: 1987 — Year inscription: of Web presentation of the site by UNESCO site the of Web presentation UNESCO World UNESCO

47 #SOSAfricanHeritage Tanzania The World Heritage site briefly presented 75,575 ha and protects the largest free-standing volcanic mass in the world. the in mass volcanic free-standing largest the protects and ha 75,575 The main objective of the project, which is funded by the German Com German by the funded is which project, the of objective main The nature of conservation the to threat aserious poses pandemic current The Impairments due to the Pandemic the to due Impairments Remedy through Collection Data and Patrols and With 5,895 m, the Kilimanjaro is the highest peak in Africa. The mountain mountain The Africa. in peak highest the is Kilimanjaro the m, 5,895 With By restoring the degraded areas the ecosystem of the lower mountain mountain lower the of ecosystem the areas degraded the restoring By which are threatened with extinction. Because of these features, but above above but features, these of Because extinction. with threatened are which closely, establish two nurseries for native tree species and plant native native plant and species tree native for nurseries two establish closely, of invasive species are also affected. The spread of exotic tree species is is species tree exotic of spread The affected. also are species invasive of forest mountain lower the rid to Plans down. scaled been has operation park the of part alarge effects, the minimise to order In drastic. spondingly considered an outstanding example of of phenomenon a super natural anconsidered outstanding from which other nature reserves can also learn. also can reserves nature other which from more species invasive control will Authority Park National the forest, native the of recovery the up speed to order In improved. be to is forest from tourism is the only source of funding for nature conservation in all all in conservation nature for funding of source only the is tourism from trees. Seedlings and seeds will be collected from the wild plants in the the in plants wild the from collected be will seeds and Seedlings trees. affected areas. The results are to be incorporated into a vegetation report report avegetation into incorporated be to are results The areas. affected all because of its height, physical shape and snow cap, Kilimanjaro is Kilimanjaro cap, snow and shape physical height, its of because all the including mountain, whole The peaks. and desert alpine moorland, and by 98,5 decreased has visits mission for UNESCO, is to free the mountain forest from invasive species. species. invasive from forest mountain the free to is UNESCO, for mission reserves in Tanzania. According to tourism statistics, the number of tourist tourist of number the statistics, tourism Tanzania. to in According reserves massive, affecting biodiversity and the forest ecosystem. forest the and biodiversity affecting massive, corre is operations park daily on impact The country. the in parks national montane forest belt, is very rich in species, especially mammals, many of many of mammals, especially species, in rich very is belt, forest montane heath forest, mountain slopes, lower zones: vegetation main five has latives. The Kilimanjaro National Park covers an area of approximately approximately of area an covers Park National Kilimanjaro The latives. Website of the Tanzania Parks the of Website National % since the outbreak of the pandemic. Income Income pandemic. the of outbreak the % since ­ ­ - Publication Data

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German Commission for UNESCO Panatom Corporate Communication GmbH Martin Luther­ Allee­ 42 53175 Bonn Germany Copyright

T +49 228 60497 - 0 The texts in this publication are licensed E [email protected] under a Creative Commons Attribution Non­Commercial 4.0 Inter­national (CC­BY­ NC­SA 4.0). https://creativecommons.org/ Authorised representatives licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.de. The photos are not included under this license. Prof. Dr. Maria Böhmer (President) Prof. Dr. Christoph Wulf (First Vice President) This publication was edited by the German Prof. Dr. Hartwig Carsten Lüdtke (Second Commission for UNESCO with institutional Vice President) funding of the German Federal Foreign Dr. Roman Luckscheiter (Secretary ­General) Office. Dr. Lutz Möller (Special Representative in accor­dance with Section 30 of the German Civil Code)

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48 December 2020