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List of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in for SSC Exams

One of the important parts of many Bank and Government examinations is General Knowledge section. These GK sections include questions related to India's history, geography, polity and achievements. One frequently recurring topic among GK in SSC and Banking exams is UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India. To crack the upcoming SSC CGL, IBPS PO, RBI Grade B, IBPS Clerk exams, you should know about the UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India. Importance of UNESCO World Heritage Sites

'Pink City' is included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage sites on 6th July 2019. This decision was made in UNESCO 's 43rd session held in the city of Baku in Azerbaijan. In 2019 the total number of World Heritage Sites has exceeded from 37 to 38 i.e. one more site is added by UNESCO. In 2018 there were 37 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India. Before going through all the 38 UNESCO World Heritage Sites let’s have a quick look at the criteria based on which UNESCO selects the Sites to be included in the World Heritage Sites. There are total ten criteria among which one is required for getting enlisted in the World Heritage Sites. These are as follows:

1.Human creative genius.

2.Interchange of values.

3.Testimony to cultural tradition.

4.Significance in human history.

5.Traditional human settlement.

6.Heritage associated with events of universal significance.

7.Natural phenomena or beauty.

8.Major stages of Earth's history.

9.Significant ecological and biological processes.

10.Significant natural habitat for biodiversity.

These UNESCO Heritage sites of India are places of importance of cultural or . India’s first 2 sites inscribed on the list in 1983 were the and the . Over the years, 37 more sites have been inscribed, the latest being ‘Jaipur’ of . Of these 38 UNESCO Heritage sites of India, 30 are cultural sites, 7 are natural sites and 1 is a mixed site. List of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India

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Here is a list of all 38 sites.

Name of sites Year Location Significance Famous for Buddhist Rock-cut Cave Monuments. Richly Decorated Ajanta Caves 1983 Maharashtra Paintings and Frescoes like Sigiriya Paintings. Famous for Buddhist, Jain and Hindu Temples and Monasteries, 1983 Maharashtra Caves excavated out of Hills, Rock-cut Architecture. One of the most important monumental structures by Mughal Agra Fort 1983 Uttar Pradesh empire. One of the Seven Wonders of the World. Shahjahan built in the 1983 Uttar Pradesh memory of his third wife Begum Mumtaz Mahal. Sun Temple 1984 Orissa Famous for the traditional style of Kalinga Architecture. Mahabalipuram Famous for Largest Open-Air Rock Relief, Chariot Temples, 1984 Tamil Nadu Monuments Mandapas, Pallava Dynasty Architecture. Famous for Worlds 2/3rd Great One-Horned Rhinoceroses, Highest Kaziranga 1985 Assam Density of Tigers in World, Elephants, Wild Water Buffalo, National Park Swamp Deer and recognized Important Bird Area. Keoladeo Famous for Man-Made Wetland Bird Sanctuary, Siberian Cranes, 1985 Rajasthan National Park Hotspot for Ornithologists. Manas Famous for Project Tiger Reserve, Elephant Reserve and Biosphere 1985 Assam Wildlife Sanctuary Reserve. Churches and Famous for Rome of the Orient, First Manueline, Mannerist and 1986 Goa Convents of Goa Baroque Art Forms in Asia, First Latin Rite Mass in Asia. Famous for a group of Hindu and Jain Temples situated 175 km Monuments Madhya 1986 south-east of Jhansi. Well known for their Nagara style symbolism of Khajuraho Pradesh and erotic figures and sculptures. Prosperous kingdom of Vijayanagar. The ruins at depict the Monuments 1986 Karnataka fine Dravidian style of art and Architecture. The most important of Hampi heritage monument in this site is the Virupaksha Temple. It constitutes of four main Monuments. The Jama Masjid, The 1986 Uttar Pradesh Buland Darwaza, Panch Mahal or Jada Baai ka Mahal, Diwan-e- khas and Diwan-e-aam. Famous for Hindu and Buddhist Caves, Caves on Island in Arabian 1987 Maharashtra Sea, Basal Rock Caves, Shiva Temples. Great Living Famous for Chola Architecture, Sculpture, Painting and Bronze 1987 Tamil Nadu Chola Temples Casting. Famous for its Chalukya style of architecture that originated 1987 Karnataka in Aihole and blended with the Nagara and Dravidian styles of Monuments architecture. Famous as Biosphere Reserve, Largest Estuarine Mangrove Forest, 1987 West Bengal National Park Bengal Tiger and Salt-Water Crocodile. Nanda Devi & Famous for Asiatic Black Bear, Snow Leopard, Brown Bear, Blue Valley of Flowers 1988 Uttarakhand Sheep and Himalayan Monal, World Network of Biosphere National Park Reserves. , Famous for Monolithic Pillars, Palaces, Temples and Monuments of 1989 Madhya Monasteries, Mauryan Architecture, Ye Dharma Hetu Buddha Pradesh Inscriptions.

Famous for Precursor to Taj Mahal, Mughal Architecture, A Humayun’s Tomb 1993 Delhi Tomb, Many Water Channels, A Pavilion and A Bath. Qutub Minar and its Includes Qutub Minar, Alai Darwaza, Alai Minar, Qubbat-ul-Islam 1993 Delhi Monuments Mosque, Tomb of Iltumish, and Iron Pillar. Darjeeling

(West Mountain Railways Bengal), The mountain railways of India comprise of the Darjeeling of Darjeeling, Kalka 1999 Kalka Shimla Himalayan Railway, the and the Kalka- Shimla & Nilgiri (Himachal Shimla. Pradesh), Nilgiri (Tamil Nadu) An important religious centre for the Buddhists as this was the 2002 Bihar place where Mahatma Buddha attained enlightenment. Bodh Gaya is considered as the holiest pilgrimage spot for the Buddhists. Bhimbetka Madhya Famous for Rock Paintings within Natural Rock Shelters, Stone 2003 Rock Shelters Pradesh Age Inscriptions, Sitting Place of Bhima (Mahabharata). Chhatrapati Famous for Central Railways Headquarter, Terror Attacks on 2004 Maharashtra Shivaji Terminus Mumbai in 2008, Gothic Style Architecture. Champaner- This place is the only complete unchanged Islamic pre-Mughal Pavagadh 2004 Gujarat city. The park also houses some of the ancient Chalcolithic Indian Archaeological Park Sites, from the Stone Age era. Famous for Shahjahanabad, Persian, Timuri and Indian 2007 Delhi Architectural Styles, Red Sandstone Architecture, Moti Masjid. Famous for Architectural Astronomical Instruments, Maharaja Jai Jantar Mantar 2010 Rajasthan Singh II, Largest of its kind Observatory. Karnataka, Famous for Among World’s Ten “Hottest Biodiversity Hotspots”. Kerala, 2012 Includes many National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries and Reserve Tamil Nadu, Forests. Maharashtra This place is famous for its unique Rajput Military Defense Architecture. It includes six majestic forts in Chittorgarh, Hill Forts 2013 Rajasthan , Ranthambore Fort, , Amber Fort and . It is an explicit example of fine Ancient Indian architecture which (The Queen’s 2014 Gujarat is constructed during the time of the Solanki dynasty. Stepwell) It is home to about 375 fauna species and several floral species, including some very rare species of plants and animals Great Himalayan Himachal such as blue sheep, snow leopard, Himalayan brown bear, 2014 National Park Pradesh Himalayan Tahr, musk deer spruces, horse chestnuts and huge alpine meadows. It is a part of the Himalayan Biodiversity Hotspots.

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A centre of learning and a Buddhist monastery from 3rd century 2016 Bihar BCE to the 13th century CE. Khangchendzonga The national park is famous for its fauna and flora, with snow 2016 Sikkim National Park leopard being occasionally sighted. Architectural Work Recognized as a World Heritage Site as part of an outstanding of Le Corbusier 2016 Chandigarh contribution to Modern Movement. (Capitol Complex) A walled city on the banks of Sabarmati where communities The Historic City 2017 Ahmedabad following Hinduism, Islam and have co-existed for centuries. Victorian Gothic and It is a collection of 94 buildings of great cultural importance, 2018 Mumbai Art Deco Ensembles located in the Fort Area of Mumbai. Jaipur is home to many magnificent forts, palaces, temples and The Pink City 2019 Jaipur museums and also filled to the brim with local handicrafts and trinkets.