DOCSLIB.ORG

The Foreign Economic Liberalization of China's

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Domestic-International Linkages on China’s Periphery: The Foreign Economic Liberalization of China’s Border Regions (2000-2015) by See-Won Byun B.A. in Economics, May 2002, Brown University M.A. in International Studies, February 2006, Yonsei University M.A. in International Affairs, May 2008, The George Washington University A Dissertation submitted to The Faculty of The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences of The George Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy May 21, 2017 Dissertation directed by David Shambaugh Professor of Political Science and International Affairs The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences of The George Washington University certifies that See-Won Byun has passed the Final Examination for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy as of December 12, 2016. This is the final and approved form of the dissertation. Domestic-International Linkages on China’s Periphery: The Foreign Economic Liberalization of China’s Border Regions (2000-2015) See-Won Byun Dissertation Research Committee: David Shambaugh, Professor of Political Science and International Affairs, Dissertation Director Susan Sell, Professor of Political Science and International Affairs, Committee Member Mike Mochizuki, Associate Professor of Political Science and International Affairs, Committee Member ii Dissertation Abstract Domestic-International Linkages on China’s Periphery: The Foreign Economic Liberalization of China’s Border Regions (2000-2015) Why and how have China’s late-developing border regions responded differently to the shared challenges of economic globalization? Theories of political economy and accounts of China’s integration into the world economy remain divided on the relative significance of internal and external forces of change. I argue that China’s foreign economic liberalization is best understood at the subnational level, where the interaction of central, local, and international actors produces distinct provincial trajectories of reform. While central state preferences dictate policy choice under authoritarian leadership, they can change through local feedback effects and domestic institutional innovations brought on by external agents. My case studies of Jilin (Northeast Asia), Yunnan (Southeast Asia), and Xinjiang (Central Asia) since China’s turn to inland development in 2000 trace “top-down, bottom-up” and “inside-out, outside-in” dynamics of change, presenting the other side of what have primarily been coastal accounts of China’s global economic integration. iii Table of Contents Dissertation Abstract……………………………………………………………………...iii List of Figures……………………………………………………………………………..v List of Tables……………………………………………………………………………...vi List of Abbreviations……………………………………………………………………..vii Chapter 1: Subnational Economies in a World of Interdependence: The Case of China…...1 Chapter 2: Domestic-International Linkages on China’s Periphery……………………...42 Chapter 3: The Foreign Economic Liberalization of China’s Border Regions since 2000………………………………………………………………………………………82 Chapter 4: Linking Northeast China and Northeast Asia: Jilin’s Enduring Quest for Economic Regionalism…………………………………………………………………124 Chapter 5: Linking Southwest China and Southeast Asia: Yunnan’s Rise as a Regional Bridgehead….………………………………………………………………...154 Chapter 6: Linking Northwest China and Central Asia: Go West Goes East in Xinjiang…………………………………………………………………………………184 Chapter 7: Asian Integration and the Liberalization of China’s Regional Economies…..208 Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………234 Appendix………………………………………………………………………………..298 iv List of Figures Figure 1.1: China’s Provinces and Regions by National Development Program…………13 Figure 2.1: Key Actors in China’s Foreign Economic Liberalization…..………………...67 Figure 2.2: Domestic-International Dynamics of Provincial Economic Liberalization…..67 Figure 3.1: Foreign Trade as a Share of Provincial GDP (2000-2013)……………………92 Figure 3.2: Provincial Share of China’s Foreign Trade (2000-2013)……………………..92 Figure 4.1: Trade Openness and Export Dependence, Jilin (1978-2013)………………..131 Figure 4.2: Share of Northeast Asia Trade in Total Foreign Trade, Jilin (2005-2013)......132 Figure 4.3: Jilin’s Share of China-Northeast Asia Trade (2005-2013)…………………..132 Figure 5.1: Foreign Trade Openness, Yunnan (1981-2013)…………………………….159 Figure 5.2: Share of Southeast Asia Trade in Total Foreign Trade, Yunnan (2000- 2013)……………………………………………………………………………………160 Figure 5.3: Yunnan’s Share of China-Southeast Asia Trade (2000-2013)………………161 Figure 6.1: Foreign Trade Openness, Xinjiang (1985-2013)…………………………....188 Figure 6.2: Share of Central Asia Trade in Total Foreign Trade, Xinjiang (2000- 2013)……………………………………………………………………………………189 Figure 6.3: Xinjiang’s Share of China-Central Asia Trade (2000-2013)………………..190 Figure 7.1: Trade Dependence on Asian Neighbors…………………………………….211 v List of Tables Table 1.1: Regional Economic Initiatives (1991-2015)……………………….………….14 Table 1.2: Economic Indicators of China’s Regions (2013)………………….…………..17 Table 1.3: Foreign Trade of China’s Regions (2005 and 2013)……………..……………17 Table 3.1: Economic Indicators of China’s Provinces (2013)………………..…………...85 Table 3.2: Regional Shares of China’s Trade with Top Partners (2013)……..…………...86 Table 3.3: Economic Openness of China’s Regions (2013)…………………..…………..88 Table 3.4: Economic Indicators of Jilin, Yunnan, and Xinjiang (2013)……..……………89 Table 3.5: Economic Openness of Jilin, Yunnan, and Xinjiang (2013)……..……………90 Table 3.6: Top Trade Partners of Jilin, Yunnan, and Xinjiang (2013)………...…………..94 Table 3.7: Asian Regional Trade (2005 and 2013)………………………….……………95 Table 3.8: Multilateral Economic Initiatives on China’s Border…………….………….101 Table 4.1: The Changjitu Zone, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture…..………….138 Table 4.2: Major Foreign Economic Initiatives in Jilin (2000-2015)………..…………..142 Table 5.1: China-Southeast Asia Economic Mechanisms………………….…………...165 Table 5.2: Yunnan-Southeast Asia Economic Mechanisms……………….……………168 Table 5.3: Major Foreign Economic Initiatives in Yunnan (2000-2015)…..……………174 Table 7.1: Forces of Liberalization: Jilin, Yunnan, and Xinjiang………..……………...212 Table A.1: Sources: Chinese Economic Data…………………………….……………..298 vi List of Abbreviations Asian Development Bank (ADB) Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar (BCIM) Border Economic Cooperation Zone (BECZ) Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa (BRICS) Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) China-ASEAN Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) Communist Party of China (CPC) Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) Development and Reform Commission (DRC) Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) European Union (EU) Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Free Trade Agreement (FTA) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) Greater Tumen Initiative (GTI) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Political Economy (IPE) International Relations (IR) vii Mekong River Commission (MRC) Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) Ministry of Finance (MOF) Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA) Multinational Corporation (MNC) Myanmar Oil and Gas Enterprise (MOGE) National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) National People’s Congress (NPC) Natural Economic Territories (NETs) One Belt, One Road (OBOR) Open Economy Politics (OEP) Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Outward Direct Investment (ODI) People’s Republic of China (PRC) Renminbi (RMB) Republic of Korea (ROK) Russian Far East (RFE) Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise (SME) Special Economic Zone (SEZ) State-Owned Enterprise (SOE) Tumen River Area Development Programme (TRADP) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) World Trade Organization (WTO) Workers’ Party of Korea (WPK) Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC) viii Chapter 1 Subnational Economies in a World of Interdependence: The Case of China While theories of political economy claim that economic globalization drives domestic demands for liberal economic reform, 1 the impact in authoritarian political systems remains in question. In the case of contemporary China since its market transition in 1978, whether external forces of economic liberalization constrain, or are constrained by, domestic interests and institutions is a central issue of debate.2 This debate is amplified at the subnational level of analysis, where the interaction of domestic and international factors brings to question their joint effects on the trajectory of reform.3 China’s integration into the liberal economic order since 1978 is primarily a success story of coastal provinces.4 After thirty years of opening, China replaced the European Union (EU) as the world’s biggest exporter in 2009, surpassed Japan as the world’s second biggest economy in 2010, and in 2012 replaced the United States as the global leader in goods trade.5 But underlying this success are wide provincial disparities that emerged as a 1 Jeffry Frieden and Ronald Rogowski, “The Impact of the International Economy on National Policies: An Analytical Overview,” in Internationalization and Domestic Politics, ed. Robert Keohane and Helen Milner (New York: Cambridge
Recommended publications
  • China Data Supplement

    China Data Supplement

    China Data Supplement October 2008 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC ......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 29 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 36 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 42 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 45 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR................................................................................................................ 54 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR....................................................................................................................... 61 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 66 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 October 2008 The Main National Leadership of the
  • Hong Kong SAR

    Hong Kong SAR

    China Data Supplement November 2006 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries 47 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations 50 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR 54 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR 61 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan 65 Political, Social and Economic Data LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Affairs Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 November 2006 The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU Jen-Kai Abbreviations and Explanatory Notes CCP CC Chinese Communist Party Central Committee CCa Central Committee, alternate member CCm Central Committee, member CCSm Central Committee Secretariat, member PBa Politburo, alternate member PBm Politburo, member Cdr. Commander Chp. Chairperson CPPCC Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference CYL Communist Youth League Dep. P.C. Deputy Political Commissar Dir. Director exec. executive f female Gen.Man. General Manager Gen.Sec. General Secretary Hon.Chp. Honorary Chairperson H.V.-Chp. Honorary Vice-Chairperson MPC Municipal People’s Congress NPC National People’s Congress PCC Political Consultative Conference PLA People’s Liberation Army Pol.Com.
  • Congressional-Executive Commission on China Annual

    Congressional-Executive Commission on China Annual

    CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA ANNUAL REPORT 2016 ONE HUNDRED FOURTEENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION OCTOBER 6, 2016 Printed for the use of the Congressional-Executive Commission on China ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.cecc.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 21–471 PDF WASHINGTON : 2016 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate Mar 15 2010 19:58 Oct 05, 2016 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 U:\DOCS\AR16 NEW\21471.TXT DEIDRE CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA LEGISLATIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS House Senate CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey, MARCO RUBIO, Florida, Cochairman Chairman JAMES LANKFORD, Oklahoma ROBERT PITTENGER, North Carolina TOM COTTON, Arkansas TRENT FRANKS, Arizona STEVE DAINES, Montana RANDY HULTGREN, Illinois BEN SASSE, Nebraska DIANE BLACK, Tennessee DIANNE FEINSTEIN, California TIMOTHY J. WALZ, Minnesota JEFF MERKLEY, Oregon MARCY KAPTUR, Ohio GARY PETERS, Michigan MICHAEL M. HONDA, California TED LIEU, California EXECUTIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS CHRISTOPHER P. LU, Department of Labor SARAH SEWALL, Department of State DANIEL R. RUSSEL, Department of State TOM MALINOWSKI, Department of State PAUL B. PROTIC, Staff Director ELYSE B. ANDERSON, Deputy Staff Director (II) VerDate Mar 15 2010 19:58 Oct 05, 2016 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 0486 Sfmt 0486 U:\DOCS\AR16 NEW\21471.TXT DEIDRE C O N T E N T S Page I. Executive Summary ............................................................................................. 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 1 Overview ............................................................................................................ 5 Recommendations to Congress and the Administration ..............................
  • Recent Articles from the China Journal of System Engineering Prepared

    Recent Articles from the China Journal of System Engineering Prepared

    Recent Articles from the China Journal of System Engineering Prepared by the University of Washington Quantum System Engineering (QSE) Group.1 Bibliography [1] Mu A-Hua, Zhou Shao-Lei, and Yu Xiao-Li. Research on fast self-adaptive genetic algorithm and its simulation. Journal of System Simulation, 16(1):122 – 5, 2004. [2] Guan Ai-Jie, Yu Da-Tai, Wang Yun-Ji, An Yue-Sheng, and Lan Rong-Qin. Simulation of recon-sat reconing process and evaluation of reconing effect. Journal of System Simulation, 16(10):2261 – 3, 2004. [3] Hao Ai-Min, Pang Guo-Feng, and Ji Yu-Chun. Study and implementation for fidelity of air roaming system above the virtual mount qomolangma. Journal of System Simulation, 12(4):356 – 9, 2000. [4] Sui Ai-Na, Wu Wei, and Zhao Qin-Ping. The analysis of the theory and technology on virtual assembly and virtual prototype. Journal of System Simulation, 12(4):386 – 8, 2000. [5] Xu An, Fan Xiu-Min, Hong Xin, Cheng Jian, and Huang Wei-Dong. Research and development on interactive simulation system for astronauts walking in the outer space. Journal of System Simulation, 16(9):1953 – 6, Sept. 2004. [6] Zhang An and Zhang Yao-Zhong. Study on effectiveness top analysis of group air-to-ground aviation weapon system. Journal of System Simulation, 14(9):1225 – 8, Sept. 2002. [7] Zhang An, He Sheng-Qiang, and Lv Ming-Qiang. Modeling simulation of group air-to-ground attack-defense confrontation system. Journal of System Simulation, 16(6):1245 – 8, 2004. [8] Wu An-Bo, Wang Jian-Hua, Geng Ying-San, and Wang Xiao-Feng.
  • Journal of Current Chinese Affairs

    Journal of Current Chinese Affairs

    3/2006 Data Supplement PR China Hong Kong SAR Macau SAR Taiwan CHINA aktuell Journal of Current Chinese Affairs Data Supplement People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: Institute of Asian Affairs Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax:(040)4107945 Contributors: Uwe Kotzel Dr. Liu Jen-Kai Christine Reinking Dr. Günter Schucher Dr. Margot Schüller Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU JEN-KAI 3 The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC LIU JEN-KAI 22 Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership LIU JEN-KAI 27 PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries LIU JEN-KAI 30 PRC Laws and Regulations LIU JEN-KAI 34 Hong Kong SAR Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 36 Macau SAR Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 39 Taiwan Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 41 Bibliography of Articles on the PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, and on Taiwan UWE KOTZEL / LIU JEN-KAI / CHRISTINE REINKING / GÜNTER SCHUCHER 43 CHINA aktuell Data Supplement - 3 - 3/2006 Dep.Dir.: CHINESE COMMUNIST Li Jianhua 03/07 PARTY Li Zhiyong 05/07 The Main National Ouyang Song 05/08 Shen Yueyue (f) CCa 03/01 Leadership of the Sun Xiaoqun 00/08 Wang Dongming 02/10 CCP CC General Secretary Zhang Bolin (exec.) 98/03 PRC Hu Jintao 02/11 Zhao Hongzhu (exec.) 00/10 Zhao Zongnai 00/10 Liu Jen-Kai POLITBURO Sec.-Gen.: Li Zhiyong 01/03 Standing Committee Members Propaganda (Publicity) Department Hu Jintao 92/10 Dir.: Liu Yunshan PBm CCSm 02/10 Huang Ju 02/11
  • LE 19Ème CONGRÈS DU PARTI COMMUNISTE CHINOIS

    LE 19Ème CONGRÈS DU PARTI COMMUNISTE CHINOIS

    PROGRAMME ASIE LE 19ème CONGRÈS DU PARTI COMMUNISTE CHINOIS : CLÔTURE SUR L’ANCIEN RÉGIME ET OUVERTURE DE LA CHINE DE XI JINPING Par Alex PAYETTE STAGIAIRE POSTDOCTORAL POUR LE CONSEIL CANADIEN DE RECHERCHES EN SCIENCES HUMAINES CHERCHEUR À L’IRIS JUIN 2017 ASIA FOCUS #46 l’IRIS ASIA FOCUS #46 - PROGRAMME ASIE / Octobre 2017 e 19e Congrès qui s’ouvrira en octobre prochain, soit quelques semaines avant la visite de Donald Trump en Chine, promet de consolider la position de Xi Jinping dans l’arène politique. Travaillant d’arrache-pied depuis 2013 à se débarrasser L principalement des alliés de Jiang Zemin, l’alliance Xi-Wang a enfin réussi à purger le Parti-État afin de positionner ses alliés. Ce faisant, la transition qui aura vraiment lieu cet automne n’est pas la transition Hu Jintao- Xi Jinping, celle-ci date déjà de 2012. La transition de 2017 est celle de la Chine des années 1990 à la Chine des années 2010, soitde la Chine de Jiang Zemin à celle de Xi Jinping. Ce sera également le début de l’ère des enfants de la révolution culturelle, des « zhiqing » [知青] (jeunesses envoyées en campagne), qui formeront une majorité au sein du Politburo et qui remanieront la Chine à leur manière. Avec les départs annoncés, Xi pourra enfin former son « bandi » [班底] – garde rapprochée – au sein du Politburo et effectivement mettre en place un agenda de politiques et non pas simplement des mesures visant à faire le ménage au cœur du Parti-État. Des 24 individus restants, entre 12 et 16 devront partir; 121 sièges (si l’on compte le siège rendu vacant de Sun Zhengcai) et 16 si Xi Jinping décide d’appliquer plus « sévèrement » la limite d’âge maintenant à 68 ans.
  • Infection Total Surges Within Expectations

    Infection Total Surges Within Expectations

    Wilting revenues Japan to let Flower industry faces big losses elderly leave Tribute to donors with Feb 14 sales peak stymied virus-hit vessel National Art Museum dedicates LIFE, PAGE 17 BUSINESS, PAGE 14 WORLD, PAGE 12 exhibit to donated works CHINADAILY FRIDAY, February 14, 2020 www.chinadailyhk.com HK $10 Joining the battle Xi: Nation Infection total can limit surges within impact of epidemic expectations By MO JINGXI [email protected] Large rise in province’s cases due to China can minimize the impact of the novel coronavirus pneumonia revised diagnosis criterion, experts say epidemic, maintain the country’s momentum of economic develop- By ZHANG ZHIHAO for the National Health Commis- ment and work to achieve the goals [email protected] sion, on Thursday. and tasks for this year, President Xi As of the end of Wednesday, Jinping said on Thursday evening. The sudden spike in newly con- there were 52,526 confirmed cases He made the remark in a phone firmed cases of novel coronavirus on the Chinese mainland, he said. conversation with Malaysian Prime pneumonia in Hubei province on The sudden increase is due to a Minister Mahathir Mohamad, Wednesday is due to a revised revised diagnostic criterion, accord- whom Xi described as an “old friend diagnosis criterion, and experts ing to the Hubei health authorities. Medical personnel from the People’s Liberation Army get off a military transport aircraft at Wuhan of the Chinese people”. said the change, which is within On Feb 3, the National Health Tianhe International Airport in Hubei province on Thursday, marking the first civilian-related Mahathir’s phone call at such a expectations, can enable more Commission released the fifth edi- mission carried out by the PLA’s Y­20 transport aircraft.
  • Journal of Current Chinese Affairs

    Journal of Current Chinese Affairs

    China Data Supplement May 2007 J People’s Republic of China J Hong Kong SAR J Macau SAR J Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 China aktuell Data Supplement – PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan 1 Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC .......................................................................... 2 LIU Jen-Kai The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC ..................................................................... 30 LIU Jen-Kai Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership ...................................................................... 37 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries ......................................................................... 42 LIU Jen-Kai PRC Laws and Regulations .............................................................................................. 44 LIU Jen-Kai Hong Kong SAR ................................................................................................................ 45 LIU Jen-Kai Macau SAR ....................................................................................................................... 52 LIU Jen-Kai Taiwan .............................................................................................................................. 56 LIU Jen-Kai ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: GIGA Institute of Asian Studies Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax: +49 (040) 4107945 2 May 2007 The Main National Leadership of the PRC
  • Chapter 6 Hong Kong

    Chapter 6 Hong Kong

    CHAPTER 6 HONG KONG Key Findings • The Hong Kong government’s proposal of a bill that would allow for extraditions to mainland China sparked the territory’s worst political crisis since its 1997 handover to the Mainland from the United Kingdom. China’s encroachment on Hong Kong’s auton- omy and its suppression of prodemocracy voices in recent years have fueled opposition, with many protesters now seeing the current demonstrations as Hong Kong’s last stand to preserve its freedoms. Protesters voiced five demands: (1) formal with- drawal of the bill; (2) establishing an independent inquiry into police brutality; (3) removing the designation of the protests as “riots;” (4) releasing all those arrested during the movement; and (5) instituting universal suffrage. • After unprecedented protests against the extradition bill, Hong Kong Chief Executive Carrie Lam suspended the measure in June 2019, dealing a blow to Beijing which had backed the legislation and crippling her political agenda. Her promise in September to formally withdraw the bill came after months of protests and escalation by the Hong Kong police seeking to quell demonstrations. The Hong Kong police used increasingly aggressive tactics against protesters, resulting in calls for an independent inquiry into police abuses. • Despite millions of demonstrators—spanning ages, religions, and professions—taking to the streets in largely peaceful pro- test, the Lam Administration continues to align itself with Bei- jing and only conceded to one of the five protester demands. In an attempt to conflate the bolder actions of a few with the largely peaceful protests, Chinese officials have compared the movement to “terrorism” and a “color revolution,” and have im- plicitly threatened to deploy its security forces from outside Hong Kong to suppress the demonstrations.
  • Asia Focus #3

    Asia Focus #3

    PROGRAMME ASIE QUELLE COMPOSITION DU POLITBURO ET DU COMITÉ CENTRAL CHINOIS APRÈS 2017 ? Par Alex PAYETTE STAGIAIRE POSTDOCTORAL CRSH UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTREAL OCTOBRE 2016 Septembre 2016 ASIA FOCUS #3 l’IRIS ASIA FOCUS #3 - PROGRAMME ASIE / Octobre 2016 lors que 2016 se termine et que la campagne anticorruption agressivement menée par la tristement célèbre « jiwei » [纪委] a pris fin, il ne reste que A quelques mois pour finaliser la sélection interne des cadres qui seront appelés à être élus en novembre au Politburo ainsi qu’au Comité central. Cela dit, depuis la fin de 2015, nous avons pu remarquer un certain durcissement, voire même un « repli » de la part de Xi, tant dans son attitude face au pouvoir (p. ex. retour aux idiomes/symboles maoïstes, méfiance ouverte de l’Occident, attitude de plus en plus inflexible en matière de structures internationales, etc.), que dans son attitude envers certains patriarches du Parti, notamment Jiang Zemin (président de la République populaire entre 1993 et 2003) et Hu Jintao (président de 2003 à 2013), ainsi qu’envers les autres forces en présence sur la scène politique chinoise (par exemple la Ligue des jeunesses communistes [共青团]1, la « faction du pétrole » [石油帮]2, la bande Shanghai [ 上海帮], la bande du Jiangxi [江派], etc.). Ce dernier a également resserré son emprise non seulement sur Beijing – par le biais de son proche collaborateur Wang Xiaohong [王 小洪]3-, mais bien aussi sur le pays en entier. Tandis que le temps d’« abattre les tigres » [打虎] et que les déraillements de la jiwei sont encore perceptibles, en particulier dans la province du Hebei4, fort est de constater que l’impact n’est pas celui escompté, sauf dans les cas de Su Shulin [苏树林]5 et Jiang Jiemin [蒋洁敏]6, et qu’il ne sera pas vraiment possible d’évaluer les dégâts de cette campagne avant la formation du Comité central de 2022.
  • Final Program of CCC2020

    Final Program of CCC2020

    第三十九届中国控制会议 The 39th Chinese Control Conference 程序册 Final Program 主办单位 中国自动化学会控制理论专业委员会 中国自动化学会 中国系统工程学会 承办单位 东北大学 CCC2020 Sponsoring Organizations Technical Committee on Control Theory, Chinese Association of Automation Chinese Association of Automation Systems Engineering Society of China Northeastern University, China 2020 年 7 月 27-29 日，中国·沈阳 July 27-29, 2020, Shenyang, China Proceedings of CCC2020 IEEE Catalog Number: CFP2040A -USB ISBN: 978-988-15639-9-6 CCC2020 Copyright and Reprint Permission: This material is permitted for personal use. For any other copying, reprint, republication or redistribution permission, please contact TCCT Secretariat, No. 55 Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. All rights reserved. Copyright@2020 by TCCT. 目录 (Contents) 目录 (Contents) ................................................................................................................................................... i 欢迎辞 (Welcome Address) ................................................................................................................................1 组织机构 (Conference Committees) ...................................................................................................................4 重要信息 (Important Information) ....................................................................................................................11 口头报告与张贴报告要求 (Instruction for Oral and Poster Presentations) .....................................................12 大会报告 (Plenary Lectures).............................................................................................................................14
  • COVID-19 and China: a Chronology of Events (December 2019-January 2020)

    COVID-19 and China: a Chronology of Events (December 2019-January 2020)

    COVID-19 and China: A Chronology of Events (December 2019-January 2020) Updated May 13, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46354 SUMMARY R46354 COVID-19 and China: A Chronology of Events May 13, 2020 (December 2019-January 2020) Susan V. Lawrence In Congress, multiple bills and resolutions have been introduced related to China’s Specialist in Asian Affairs handling of a novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China, that expanded to become the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic. This report provides a timeline of key developments in the early weeks of the pandemic, based on available public reporting. It also considers issues raised by the timeline, including the timeliness of China’s information sharing with the World Health Organization (WHO), gaps in early information China shared with the world, and episodes in which Chinese authorities sought to discipline those who publicly shared information about aspects of the epidemic. Prior to January 20, 2020—the day Chinese authorities acknowledged person-to-person transmission of the novel coronavirus—the public record provides little indication that China’s top leaders saw containment of the epidemic as a high priority. Thereafter, however, Chinese authorities appear to have taken aggressive measures to contain the virus. The Appendix includes a concise version of the timeline. A condensed version is below: Late December: Hospitals in Wuhan, China, identify cases of pneumonia of unknown origin. December 30: The Wuhan Municipal Health Commission issues “urgent notices” to city hospitals about cases of atypical pneumonia linked to the city’s Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market. The notices leak online.