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Het Oudste Kakongo Woordenboek (1772): Digitalisatie, Lexicografische Analyse En Historisch-Taalkundige Studie

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Het Oudste Kakongo Woordenboek (1772): Digitalisatie, Lexicografische Analyse En Historisch-Taalkundige Studie Universiteit Gent Master in de Afrikaanse Talen en Culturen Academiejaar 2013-2014 Het oudste Kakongo woordenboek (1772): Digitalisatie, lexicografische analyse en historisch-taalkundige studie Promotor: Prof. Dr. K. Bostoen Copromotor. Prof. Dr. G.-M. de Schryver Masterproef, ingediend voor het behalen van de graad van Master in de Afrikaanse Talen en Culturen door SHARAH DRIEGHE 2 Inhoudsopgave LIJST MET AFKORTINGEN ........................................................................................................................... 5 INLEIDING......................................................................................................................................................... 7 HOOFDSTUK I: SITUERING.......................................................................................................................... 9 1.1 STRUCTUUR WERKSTUK........................................................................................................................................ 9 1.2 MISSIONARISSEN EN LINGUÏSTISCHE BRONNEN............................................................................................... 9 1.3 KIKONGO................................................................................................................................................................11 1.3.1 Classificatie van het Kikongo ................................................................................................................ 12 1.4. MISSIONARISSEN IN AFRIKA .............................................................................................................................14 1.4.1. Christelijk geloof in Afrika..................................................................................................................... 14 1.5 DE FRANSE MISSIE ...............................................................................................................................................16 1.5.1 Loango en Kakongo................................................................................................................................... 16 1.5.2 Portugese missie ......................................................................................................................................... 17 1.5.3 Oorsprong van de Franse missie.......................................................................................................... 18 1.5.4 Eerste fase: september 1766 tot maart 1768................................................................................. 18 1.5.5 Tweede fase: maart 1768 tot mei 1770............................................................................................ 19 1.5.6 Derde fase: maart 1773 tot december 1775................................................................................... 20 1.5.7 Ziekte en voedselproblemen .................................................................................................................. 20 1.5.8 Missionarissen: leken en priesters....................................................................................................... 21 1.6 DE TAAL .................................................................................................................................................................24 1.6.1 Aanleren van de taal................................................................................................................................. 24 1.6.2 Visie op taal................................................................................................................................................... 25 1.7. LINGUÏSTISCHE BRONNEN .................................................................................................................................26 1.7.1 De auteur Jean-Joseph Descourvières................................................................................................ 29 1.7.2 Samenstelling woordenboek 1768-1769 ......................................................................................... 30 1.7.3 Bewerking van het woordenboek 1772-1775................................................................................ 32 1.8 CONCLUSIE HOOFDSTUK I...................................................................................................................................33 HOOFDSTUK II: DIGITALISATIEPROCES ..............................................................................................35 2.1 TLEX.......................................................................................................................................................................35 2.2 MANUSCRIPTEN....................................................................................................................................................35 2.3 DTD (DOCUMENT TYPE DEFINITION) ............................................................................................................40 2.4 RULER ....................................................................................................................................................................44 2.5 GEDIGITALISEERD AANDEEL ..............................................................................................................................47 2.6 STRUCTUUR VAN EEN LEMMA............................................................................................................................48 2.6.1 Verschillende vertaalequivalenten ..................................................................................................... 57 2.6.2 Accenten en tonen...................................................................................................................................... 59 2.6.3 Douteux........................................................................................................................................................... 59 2.7 LEMMA’S EN GEKLEURDE ELEMENTEN ............................................................................................................60 2.8 CONCLUSIE HOOFDSTUK II .................................................................................................................................64 HOOFDSTUK III: MANUSCRIPT................................................................................................................65 3.1 AUTEUR: KOPIE EN ORIGINEEL ..........................................................................................................................65 3.1.1 Aanpassingen door een ander handschrift ..................................................................................... 76 3.2 VAN LOSSE PAGINA’S TOT GEBONDEN BOEK ...................................................................................................81 3.3 STRUCTUUR VAN HET MANUSCRIPT..................................................................................................................86 3.4 CONCLUSIE HOOFDSTUK III................................................................................................................................97 HOOFDSTUK IV: LINGUÏSTISCHE EN LEXICOGRAFISCHE ANALYSE.............................................99 4.1 FRANS UIT DE 18DE EEUW...................................................................................................................................99 4.2 EQUIVALENTIE...................................................................................................................................................103 4.3 SUBSTANTIEVEN................................................................................................................................................105 4.3.1 NaamwoordklassensYsteem en prefixen........................................................................................105 4.3.2 Aangepaste structuur.............................................................................................................................114 3 4.3.3 Augment.......................................................................................................................................................116 4.4 WERKWOORDEN ...............................................................................................................................................119 4.5 ADJECTIEVEN .....................................................................................................................................................131 4.6 BIJWOORDEN......................................................................................................................................................135 4.7 LEENWOORDEN .................................................................................................................................................137 4.8 CONCLUSIE LEXICOGRAFISCHE EN LINGUÏSTISCHE ELEMENTEN ..............................................................141 HOOFDSTUK V: REPRESENTATIE ........................................................................................................ 143 5.1 TAAL, REPRESENTATIE, DENKKADER EN IDEOLOGIE..................................................................................143 5.1.1 Missionarissen en denkkaders ............................................................................................................145 5.1.2 Verschillen en gelijkenissen .................................................................................................................145 5.2 LINGUÏSTISCHE REPRESENTATIE....................................................................................................................146
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