P-6a-314
Radiation protection in the large tokamak device(JT-60)facility
Isamu Akiyama*1,Takashi Umehara*1,Toru Tayama*1,Kozo Kodama*1,Naoyuki Miya*1 Kouzou Matsushita*1 *1 Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute
1. OUTLINE OF JT-60 JT-60 is the typical large tokamak device for fusion experiment in Japan. Discharge operation using deuterium gases began in July, 1991. JT-60 have made a new world record of the highest plasma temperature 5.2 8 ×10 Kelvin(45KeV) in 1996 and also achieved a highest equivalent fusion amplification factor of QDT =1.25 in June, 1998.
2. RADIATION DOSE MANAGEMENT IN JT-60 Main objectives of the radiation protection in JT-60 facility are as follow: (1) Measurement of radiation exposure rate for X(γ) and neutron rays generated in the JT-60 high temperature and high density plasmas during the deuterium operation,(2) Measurement of leakage radiation dose outside of controlled area, (3) Management of radiation dose caused by radionuclides during the in-vessel maintenance works in machines shutdown times. Radiation sources produced in the D-D nuclear fusion reaction are shown in Figure 1.
JT-60 control room 41Ar 13 neutron ray 13N ray γ 3 JT-60 facilty γ H
JT-60 hall 41Ar TLD stack monitor 13N γray N 3H
neutron area monitor JT-60 radio activation D D n n γarea TLD environment monitoring room monitor monitoring room D T D T monitor(γ,n)
HFCM TLD
monitor panel HFCM contamination checking room
monitoring post
vaccum pump D T
Fig.1 Radiation sources produced in the D-D nuclear fusion For radiation monitoring in the radiation controlled area,some area monitors are installed around the JT-60 building hall. X(γ) ray area monitor can detect the burst radiation radiated from the plasma discharges in real-time. γ(X) ray area monitor (and neutron area monitor) are used for radiation working area monitoring during the machines shutdown period. For environment monitoring,dust monitor and gas monitors are installed in the stack area of the JT-60 experimental building. Both of Environment γ ray monitor and Environment neutron monitor are also located at two points on the site boundary. In addition to the above monitors, accumulated dose measurement by the thermo luminescent dosimeter (TLD) method is used for γ(X) rays, thermal neutrons and fast neutrons around the radiation controlled area and the NAKA-Establishment site boundary.
In the JT-60 hall,the data of maximum accumulated dose (TLD) for γ(X) rays and thermal neutrons were 58 mSv/month and 27 mSv/month,respectively, in the operation of FY 1996. Neutron production in this
1 P-6a-314 period (one month) was 2.7×1018(n). The accumulated dose (TLD) around the radiation controlled area, however,still remained at the background (BG) level (less than 0.3μSv/h).
In the radiation controlled area where radiological workers can access the points close to the JT-60 device for maintenance workers the machines shutdown period,dose rate of inside the vacuum vessel and outside the vessel port surface were 30-40μSv/h and 20μSv/h,respectively. Data of any other place in the hall indicated BG level. The in-vessel maintenance works characterizes the main radiation dose in the Naka-Establishment site. This is caused by radio activation of the vessel materials by D-D neutrons. Main radio activated products are
58Co,60Co. Time evolution of the γ ray dose rate on the vessel surface is shown in Figure 2