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Department of Planning and Zoning
Department of Planning and Zoning Subject: Howard County Landscape Manual Updates: Recommended Street Tree List (Appendix B) and Recommended Plant List (Appendix C) - Effective July 1, 2010 To: DLD Review Staff Homebuilders Committee From: Kent Sheubrooks, Acting Chief Division of Land Development Date: July 1, 2010 Purpose: The purpose of this policy memorandum is to update the Recommended Plant Lists presently contained in the Landscape Manual. The plant lists were created for the first edition of the Manual in 1993 before information was available about invasive qualities of certain recommended plants contained in those lists (Norway Maple, Bradford Pear, etc.). Additionally, diseases and pests have made some other plants undesirable (Ash, Austrian Pine, etc.). The Howard County General Plan 2000 and subsequent environmental and community planning publications such as the Route 1 and Route 40 Manuals and the Green Neighborhood Design Guidelines have promoted the desirability of using native plants in landscape plantings. Therefore, this policy seeks to update the Recommended Plant Lists by identifying invasive plant species and disease or pest ridden plants for their removal and prohibition from further planting in Howard County and to add other available native plants which have desirable characteristics for street tree or general landscape use for inclusion on the Recommended Plant Lists. Please note that a comprehensive review of the street tree and landscape tree lists were conducted for the purpose of this update, however, only -
APPROVED PLANT LIST Midtown Alliance Tree Well Adoption Program
APPROVED PLANT LIST Midtown Alliance Tree Well Adoption Program Midtown Alliance launched the Tree Well Adoption program with the primary goal of enriching the experience of Midtown’s workers and residents while encouraging sustainability through the use of low-water, urban tolerant plant species. This list of plants was created to aid individuals and organizations in selecting plant material to plant in their adopted tree wells. This plant list is intended to encourage individual character in the tree wells, rather than restrict creativity in the selection of plants. The plants on the approved list were selected based on the following criteria: • Perennial. All plants listed are perennial, meaning they last for two or more growing seasons. Once established, these plants will require less water to maintain than annuals. • Heat tolerant. Plants in tree wells are exposed to high temperatures caused by vehicles and heat reflected from surrounding buildings, asphalt, and other urban surfaces. They must also be tolerant to high daytime temperatures, typical of Atlanta’s summer months, and cold hardy in the winter months. Atlanta is located in USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 7b/8a. • Water wise. Urban tree wells are surrounded by impervious surfaces and thus, are highly susceptible to periods of drought. Suitable plants must be able to survive periods of low rainfall. • Pollution tolerant. Vehicle exhaust may leave deposits and pollutants on plant foliage, which can kill sensitive plants. • Encourage wildlife. Flowering plants attract insects such as butterflies while others provide food sources for birds and other wildlife. • Grown locally. Many of the plants listed are native to the Atlanta area, and all can be found at local nurseries. -
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REVIEW ARTICLE RECORDS OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES Review article on chemical constituents and biological activity of Thymelaea hirsuta. Ahmed M Badawya, Hashem A Hassaneanb, Amany K. Ibrahimb, Eman S. Habibb, Safwat A. Ahmedb* aDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, El-Arish, Egypt, b Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt 41522. Abstract Received on: 07.04. 2019 Thymelaea hirsuta a perennial, evergreen and dioecious shrub, which is native Revised on: 30. 04. 2019 to North Africa. T. hirsuta is a widespread invasive weed and is commonly known as “Methnane”. Along the history, T. hirsuta, family Thymelaeaceae, Accepted on: 10. 04. 2019 has been recognized as an important medicinal plant. Much research has been carried out on the medical applications of Methnane. The choice of the plant was based on the good previous biological study of T. hirsuta plant extract to Correspondence Author: use as anticancer, hepatoprotective and anti-diapetic. Several species of Tel:+ 01092638387 Thymelaeaceae have been the subject of numerous phytochemical studies. Initially, interest may have been due to the marked toxicity of these plants, but E-mail address: the widespread use of some species medicinally has certainly played a part in [email protected] sustaining this interest. Keywords: Thymelaea hirsuta , Chemical constituents, Biological activity 1.Introduction: Near East: Lebanon and Palestine. The choice of the plant was based on the good previous Thymelaea hirsuta a perennial, evergreen and biological study of T. hirsuta plant extract to use dioecious shrub, which is native to North Africa. T. as anticancer, hepatoprotective and anti-diabetic. -
Endosamara Racemosa (Roxb.) Geesink and Callerya Vasta (Kosterm.) Schot
Taiwania, 48(2): 118-128, 2003 Two New Members of the Callerya Group (Fabaceae) Based on Phylogenetic Analysis of rbcL Sequences: Endosamara racemosa (Roxb.) Geesink and Callerya vasta (Kosterm.) Schot (1,3) (1,2) Jer-Ming Hu and Shih-Pai Chang (Manuscript received 2 May, 2003; accepted 29 May, 2003) ABSTRACT: Two new members of Callerya group in Fabaceae, Endosamara racemosa (Roxb.) Geesink and Callerya vasta (Kosterm.) Schot, are identified based on phylogenetic analyses of chloroplast rbcL sequences. These taxa joined with other previously identified taxa in the Callerya group: Afgekia, Callerya, and Wisteria. These genera are resolved as a basal subclade in the Inverted Repeat Lacking Clade (IRLC), which is a large legume group that includes many temperate and herbaceous legumes in the subfamily Papilionoideae, such as Astragalus, Medicago and Pisum, and is not close to other Millettieae. Endosamara is sister to Millettia japonica (Siebold & Zucc.) A. Gray, but only weakly linked with Wisteria and Afgekia. KEY WORDS: Endosamara, Callerya, Millettieae, Millettia, rbcL, Phylogenetic analysis. INTRODUCTION Recent molecular phylogenetic studies of the tribe Millettieae have revealed that the tribe is polyphyletic and several taxa are needed to be segregated from the core Millettieae group. One of the major segregates from Millettieae is the Callerya group, comprising species from Callerya, Wisteria, Afgekia, and Millettia japonica (Siebold & Zucc.) A. Gray. The group is considered to be part of the Inverted-Repeat-Lacking Clade (IRLC; Wojciechowski et al., 1999) including many temperate herbaceous legumes. Such result is consistent and supported by chloroplast inverted repeat surveys (Lavin et al., 1990; Liston, 1995) and phylogenetic studies of the phytochrome gene family (Lavin et al., 1998), chloroplast rbcL (Doyle et al., 1997; Kajita et al., 2001), trnK/matK (Hu et al., 2000), and nuclear ribosomal ITS regions (Hu et al., 2002). -
Acer Platanoides in Europe: Distribution, Habitat, Usage and Threats
Acer platanoides Acer platanoides in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats G. Caudullo, D. de Rigo Acer platanoides L., commonly known as Norway maple, is a large tree that is widespread in central Europe and reaching eastwards the Ural Mountains. It is a fast-growing species, able to grow in a wide range of soils and habitat conditions. In natural stands it occurs in fresh and humid sites in temperate mixed forests, both with conifers and broadleaves. It is a secondary species, growing in small groups or individually. It has been planted intensively as an ornamental and shade tree, appreciated for its colourful foliage and large, spreading crown, in combination with its tolerance of urban conditions. Its wood is also valued for its attractive flaming figures and is used for music instruments, furniture, marquetry and turned objects. This maple is generally free of serious diseases, except in urban areas, where it is more vulnerable to pathogens. In North America it has been widely planted and is now naturalised, becoming an invasive species. The Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.) is a large and tall- domed tree, sometimes very broad, growing to 25-30 m tall and Frequency 60-80 cm in diameter, although exceptionally over 150 cm. The < 25% 25% - 50% stem is straight, short with perpendicular shoots and the crown 50% - 75% is dense with foliage. The leaves are opposite, simple, 10-15 cm > 75% Chorology long, very variable in dimension depending on the age and the Native vigour of the tree. They have five lobes with long and acuminate Introduced teeth and smooth margins. -
Acer Miyabei
Woody Plants Database [http://woodyplants.cals.cornell.edu] Species: Acer miyabei (ay'ser mi-YA-bee-eye) Miyabe Maple Cultivar Information * See specific cultivar notes on next page. Ornamental Characteristics Size: Tree < 30 feet Height: 35'-45', Width: 30' Leaves: Deciduous Shape: upright oval to rounded, can have open or dense branching, low branching Ornamental Other: prefers full sun, tolerates partial shade Environmental Characteristics Light: Full sun, Part shade Hardy To Zone: 5a Soil Ph: Can tolerate acid to alkaline soil (pH 5.0 to 8.0) CU Structural Soil™: Yes Insect Disease none of significance Bare Root Transplanting Easy Other easy to transplant B&B or < 2.5" caliper bare root. Native to Japan Moisture Tolerance 1 Woody Plants Database [http://woodyplants.cals.cornell.edu] Occasionally saturated Consistently moist, Occasional periods of Prolonged periods of or very wet soil well-drained soil dry soil dry soil 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 Woody Plants Database [http://woodyplants.cals.cornell.edu] Cultivars for Acer miyabei Showing 1-2 of 2 items. Cultivar Name Notes Rugged Ridge 'Rugged Ridge' - more deeply furrowed corky bark than species State Street 'State Street' (a.k.a. Morton) - hardy to zone 4; upright oval form; good uniform branching; dark green foliage; good golden yellow fall color; possibly fast growing 3 Woody Plants Database [http://woodyplants.cals.cornell.edu] Photos Acer miyabei trunk Acer miyabei foliage 4 Woody Plants Database [http://woodyplants.cals.cornell.edu] Acer miyabei habit Acer miyabei - Bark 5 Woody Plants Database [http://woodyplants.cals.cornell.edu] Acer miyabei - Leaf Acer miyabei - Habit 6. -
2. ACER Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1054. 1753. 枫属 Feng Shu Trees Or Shrubs
Fl. China 11: 516–553. 2008. 2. ACER Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1054. 1753. 枫属 feng shu Trees or shrubs. Leaves mostly simple and palmately lobed or at least palmately veined, in a few species pinnately veined and entire or toothed, or pinnately or palmately 3–5-foliolate. Inflorescence corymbiform or umbelliform, sometimes racemose or large paniculate. Sepals (4 or)5, rarely 6. Petals (4 or)5, rarely 6, seldom absent. Stamens (4 or 5 or)8(or 10 or 12); filaments distinct. Carpels 2; ovules (1 or)2 per locule. Fruit a winged schizocarp, commonly a double samara, usually 1-seeded; embryo oily or starchy, radicle elongate, cotyledons 2, green, flat or plicate; endosperm absent. 2n = 26. About 129 species: widespread in both temperate and tropical regions of N Africa, Asia, Europe, and Central and North America; 99 species (61 endemic, three introduced) in China. Acer lanceolatum Molliard (Bull. Soc. Bot. France 50: 134. 1903), described from Guangxi, is an uncertain species and is therefore not accepted here. The type specimen, in Berlin (B), has been destroyed. Up to now, no additional specimens have been found that could help clarify the application of this name. Worldwide, Japanese maples are famous for their autumn color, and there are over 400 cultivars. Also, many Chinese maple trees have beautiful autumn colors and have been cultivated widely in Chinese gardens, such as Acer buergerianum, A. davidii, A. duplicatoserratum, A. griseum, A. pictum, A. tataricum subsp. ginnala, A. triflorum, A. truncatum, and A. wilsonii. In winter, the snake-bark maples (A. davidii and its relatives) and paper-bark maple (A. -
Phylogeny and Phylogenetic Taxonomy of Dipsacales, with Special Reference to Sinadoxa and Tetradoxa (Adoxaceae)
PHYLOGENY AND PHYLOGENETIC TAXONOMY OF DIPSACALES, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SINADOXA AND TETRADOXA (ADOXACEAE) MICHAEL J. DONOGHUE,1 TORSTEN ERIKSSON,2 PATRICK A. REEVES,3 AND RICHARD G. OLMSTEAD 3 Abstract. To further clarify phylogenetic relationships within Dipsacales,we analyzed new and previously pub- lished rbcL sequences, alone and in combination with morphological data. We also examined relationships within Adoxaceae using rbcL and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. We conclude from these analyses that Dipsacales comprise two major lineages:Adoxaceae and Caprifoliaceae (sensu Judd et al.,1994), which both contain elements of traditional Caprifoliaceae.Within Adoxaceae, the following relation- ships are strongly supported: (Viburnum (Sambucus (Sinadoxa (Tetradoxa, Adoxa)))). Combined analyses of C ap ri foliaceae yield the fo l l ow i n g : ( C ap ri folieae (Diervilleae (Linnaeeae (Morinaceae (Dipsacaceae (Triplostegia,Valerianaceae)))))). On the basis of these results we provide phylogenetic definitions for the names of several major clades. Within Adoxaceae, Adoxina refers to the clade including Sinadoxa, Tetradoxa, and Adoxa.This lineage is marked by herbaceous habit, reduction in the number of perianth parts,nectaries of mul- ticellular hairs on the perianth,and bifid stamens. The clade including Morinaceae,Valerianaceae, Triplostegia, and Dipsacaceae is here named Valerina. Probable synapomorphies include herbaceousness,presence of an epi- calyx (lost or modified in Valerianaceae), reduced endosperm,and distinctive chemistry, including production of monoterpenoids. The clade containing Valerina plus Linnaeeae we name Linnina. This lineage is distinguished by reduction to four (or fewer) stamens, by abortion of two of the three carpels,and possibly by supernumerary inflorescences bracts. Keywords: Adoxaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Dipsacales, ITS, morphological characters, phylogeny, phylogenetic taxonomy, phylogenetic nomenclature, rbcL, Sinadoxa, Tetradoxa. -
Fruits and Seeds of Genera in the Subfamily Faboideae (Fabaceae)
Fruits and Seeds of United States Department of Genera in the Subfamily Agriculture Agricultural Faboideae (Fabaceae) Research Service Technical Bulletin Number 1890 Volume I December 2003 United States Department of Agriculture Fruits and Seeds of Agricultural Research Genera in the Subfamily Service Technical Bulletin Faboideae (Fabaceae) Number 1890 Volume I Joseph H. Kirkbride, Jr., Charles R. Gunn, and Anna L. Weitzman Fruits of A, Centrolobium paraense E.L.R. Tulasne. B, Laburnum anagyroides F.K. Medikus. C, Adesmia boronoides J.D. Hooker. D, Hippocrepis comosa, C. Linnaeus. E, Campylotropis macrocarpa (A.A. von Bunge) A. Rehder. F, Mucuna urens (C. Linnaeus) F.K. Medikus. G, Phaseolus polystachios (C. Linnaeus) N.L. Britton, E.E. Stern, & F. Poggenburg. H, Medicago orbicularis (C. Linnaeus) B. Bartalini. I, Riedeliella graciliflora H.A.T. Harms. J, Medicago arabica (C. Linnaeus) W. Hudson. Kirkbride is a research botanist, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory, BARC West Room 304, Building 011A, Beltsville, MD, 20705-2350 (email = [email protected]). Gunn is a botanist (retired) from Brevard, NC (email = [email protected]). Weitzman is a botanist with the Smithsonian Institution, Department of Botany, Washington, DC. Abstract Kirkbride, Joseph H., Jr., Charles R. Gunn, and Anna L radicle junction, Crotalarieae, cuticle, Cytiseae, Weitzman. 2003. Fruits and seeds of genera in the subfamily Dalbergieae, Daleeae, dehiscence, DELTA, Desmodieae, Faboideae (Fabaceae). U. S. Department of Agriculture, Dipteryxeae, distribution, embryo, embryonic axis, en- Technical Bulletin No. 1890, 1,212 pp. docarp, endosperm, epicarp, epicotyl, Euchresteae, Fabeae, fracture line, follicle, funiculus, Galegeae, Genisteae, Technical identification of fruits and seeds of the economi- gynophore, halo, Hedysareae, hilar groove, hilar groove cally important legume plant family (Fabaceae or lips, hilum, Hypocalypteae, hypocotyl, indehiscent, Leguminosae) is often required of U.S. -
Paperbark Maple Acer Griseum Paul W
During NACPEC expeditions plant species are targeted for collection for a range of reasons including environmental adaptabilities, conservation value, and ornamental features. Presented here are thirteen profiles of notable plants collected on these expeditions. Paperbark Maple Acer griseum Paul W. Meyer aperbark maple is an iconic Chinese spe- The paperbark maples growing on Wudang cies with beautiful exfoliating cinna- Mountain were relatively small, growing on a Pmon-colored bark that never fails to grab west-facing slope in thin, rocky soil. Being in attention. It is frequently highlighted in public the understory, most were leggy and the foliage gardens and connoisseurs’ gardens throughout was high off the ground. With careful observa- the temperate world. It was first introduced to tion though, we spotted the winged samaras the United States by E. H. Wilson through the in the upper canopy. Using pole pruners, we Arnold Arboretum in 1907. were able to collect herbarium specimens and In addition to its stunning bark, this species a small seed sample. is widely admired for its clean, fine-textured The following year, in April 1995, NACPEC foliage, orange-red fall color, and relatively small team members Rick lewandowski, Teicheng stature, usually under 35 feet (10.7 meters) tall. Cui, and Ned Garvey spotted an incredible It is believed that until recently, all or most specimen of paperbark maple in the Baxiam paperbark maples in the United States derived Forest Station in Shaanxi, less than 200 kilo- from the genetically narrow 1907 Wilson intro- meters (124 miles) west of Wudang Mountain. duction—it consisted of only two plants. -
Maryum Bhatti1, Aaron Lee1, Hiba Rahman-Vyas1, Dianella G
NAC SUBFAMILY 1A GENE TREE Combining benchwork and bioinformatics to reconstruct the evolutionary history of CUP- SHAPED COTYLEDON in honeysuckles and relatives Maryum Bhatti1, Aaron Lee1, Hiba Rahman-Vyas1, Dianella G. Howarth2, Michael J. Donoghue3, Wendy L. Clement1 1Department of Biology, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, NJ; 2Department of Biological Sciences, St. John’s University, Jamaica, NY; 3Department of Ecology and Evolution, Yale University, New Haven, CT RECOVERING CUC FROM INTRODUCTION DIPSACALES Context Fusion among adjacent parts is a phenomena that occurs Sampling and Isolating CUC throughout flowering plants. CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON, CUC, • 38 species were selected across the Dipsacales for a member of the NAC Subfamily 1a transcription factors, and has been shown to affect organ boundary formation.1,2 Honeysuckles, species that had no available genomic resources or Lonicera (Caprifoliaceae, Dipsacales), are known for fusing • Degenerate primers were designed to isolate exons petals into long tubes and also exhibit fusion among ovaries, bracts 1 and 2 of CUC1/2 and CUC3 based on reference and leaves. Variation in fusion across 160 species of Lonicera genomes (e.g., Arabidopsis, Petunia, Snapdragon) make them an excellent system to investigate the evolution of • CUC specific primers were also created including fusion. all introns and exons of CUC Goals • Successful reactions near 500 bp were isolated and • Recover CUC from the phylogenetic diversity of Dipsacales, cloned using PCR and cloning; sample target species in which no • Multiple clones per species were sequenced at the genomic data is available. Yale Sequencing on the Hill Facility • Reconstruct a gene tree for NAC Subfamily 1a and CUC using • Sequences were assembled and manually edited both direct sequences gained in this study and data extracted 3 from available genomic resources. -
Acer Campestre Field Maple
Acer campestre Field Maple Acer campestre is a deciduous, medium sized tree which is native to England and much of Europe. In spring, inconspicuous yellow green flowers emerge at the same time as the foliage. The leaves turn a lush green and have five deep, rounded lobes. When autumn comes, the foliage changes to a glorious shade of yellow and winged fruits hang in clusters from the stems. The bark is also interesting, finely fissured and corky bark also giving good interest at other times of year. The wood is hard and strong and can make furniture and musical instruments, though the relatively slow growth means it is not commonly used. Contrary to popular opinion, Acer campestre is not just a wildlife friendly hedging plant. This is a highly versatile and underrated variety which can be grown and trained into many different forms. When trained into an umbrella or pleached form, it takes on a fantastic architectural quality which allows it to be used in formal schemes and even show gardens. It is also available as a standard, multistem, hedging or bonsai / cloud pruned plant. Semi mature field maples 20-25-30cm girth Plant Profile Name: Acer campestre Common Name: Field Maple Family: Aceraceae Height: 12-15m Demands: Suitable for a wide range of soils. Also tolerant of drought, air pollution, wind exposure and to a degree, soil compaction and salty air. Foliage: Small, dark green, 5-lobed leaves. Brilliant gold in Autumn Flower: Inconspicuous small flowers in spring Fruit: Winged seeds in clusters in autumn Bark: Pale brown with close ridges; slightly corky Acer campestre multistems, for hedging or specimens Deepdale Trees Ltd., Tithe Farm, Hatley Road, Potton, Sandy, Beds.