Primerjava Odprtega in Zaprtega Programja Za Poslovne Informacijske Sisteme

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Primerjava Odprtega in Zaprtega Programja Za Poslovne Informacijske Sisteme UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI EKONOMSKA FAKULTETA MAGISTRSKO DELO PRIMERJAVA ODPRTEGA IN ZAPRTEGA PROGRAMJA ZA POSLOVNE INFORMACIJSKE SISTEME Ljubljana, marec 2004 FRANCI JERIČ IZJAVA Študent Franci Jerič izjavljam, da sem avtor tega magistrskega dela, ki sem ga napisal pod mentorstvom prof. dr. Mira Gradišarja in skladno s 1.odstavkom 21. člena Zakona o avtorskih in sorodnih pravicah dovolim objavo magistrskega dela na fakultetnih spletnih straneh. V Ljubljani, dne ___________________ Podpis: _________________________ Kazalo Kazalo......................................................................................................................... i Kazalo slik................................................................................................................ iv Kazalo tabel.............................................................................................................. vi 1. Uvod....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Opredelitev problema .................................................................................................. 1 1.2. Namen dela......................................................................................................................... 2 1.3. Cilj dela .............................................................................................................................. 3 1.4. Metode dela........................................................................................................................ 3 1.5. Struktura dela.................................................................................................................... 3 2. Programska oprema............................................................................................. 4 2.1. Uporabniški programi ...................................................................................................... 5 2.1.1 Splošno namenski programi.......................................................................................... 5 2.1.2 Specifični programi....................................................................................................... 8 2.2. Sistemski programi .........................................................................................................13 2.2.1 Programi za upravljanje sistemov ............................................................................... 13 2.2.2. Podporni programi....................................................................................................... 15 2.2.3. Programi za razvoj informacijskih sistemov.............................................................. 15 3. Licence za programsko opremo........................................................................ 18 3.1. Različne oblike licenc...................................................................................................... 19 3.1.1. Odprte licence ............................................................................................................ 20 3.1.2. Zaprte licence ............................................................................................................. 22 3.2. Razlike med odprtimi in zaprtimi licencami ................................................................ 23 3.2.1. Razlike za razvijalce................................................................................................... 23 3.2.2. Razlike za uporabnike ................................................................................................ 26 3.3. Zgodovinski pregled........................................................................................................27 i 4. Primerjava odprtega in zaprtega programja po posameznih skupinah programske opreme ............................................................................................... 30 4.1. Urejevalniki besedil......................................................................................................... 31 4.2. Preglednični programi .................................................................................................... 33 4.3. Predstavitveni programi................................................................................................. 34 4.4. Podatkovne zbirke........................................................................................................... 35 4.5. Pisarniški paketi .............................................................................................................. 36 4.6 Paketi za namizno založništvo......................................................................................... 39 4.7 Urejevalniki spletnih strani............................................................................................. 41 4.8. Spletni pregledovalniki ................................................................................................... 42 4.9. Bralniki pošte................................................................................................................... 44 4.10. Upravniki osebnih informacij ...................................................................................... 45 4.11. Skupinsko programje.................................................................................................... 45 4.12. Računovodsko-finančni sistemi.................................................................................... 46 4.13. Sistemi za upravljanje odnosov s strankami............................................................... 48 Družba .................................................................................................................................. 49 4.14. Sistemi za upravljanje oskrbovalnih verig.................................................................. 49 4.15. Sistemi za upravljanje s človeškimi viri ...................................................................... 50 4.16. Sistemi za podporo odločanju ...................................................................................... 51 4.16.1. Orodja za sprotno analitično obdelavo..................................................................... 51 4.16.2. Programski paketi za rudarjenje v podatkih............................................................. 52 4.16.3. Programski paketi za statistično analizo .................................................................. 53 4.16.4. Specializirani programski paketi za modeliranje ..................................................... 54 4.16.5. Programski paketi za podporo vodenju projektov.................................................... 55 4.16.6 Ekspertni sistemi ....................................................................................................... 56 4.17. Celovite rešitve............................................................................................................... 57 4.18. Portali ............................................................................................................................. 58 4.19. Operacijski sistemi ........................................................................................................ 60 ii 4.19.1 Operacijski sistemi za delovne postaje...................................................................... 60 4.19.2. Operacijski sistemi za strežnike ............................................................................... 62 4.20. Strežniki ......................................................................................................................... 64 4.20.1. Poštni strežniki ......................................................................................................... 64 4.20.2. Spletni strežniki........................................................................................................ 65 4.20.3. Aplikacijski strežniki................................................................................................ 66 4.21. Sistemi za upravljanje podatkovnih baz ..................................................................... 67 4.21. Sistemski pripomočki.................................................................................................... 69 4.23. Nadzorniki...................................................................................................................... 70 4.23.1. Nadzorniki sistema................................................................................................... 70 4.23.2. Nadzorniki varnosti.................................................................................................. 71 4.24. Prevajalniki.................................................................................................................... 72 4.25. Orodja za pomoč pri programiranju .......................................................................... 72 4.26. Orodja za razvoj informacijskih sistemov.................................................................. 73 5. Izidi raziskave ..................................................................................................... 74 6. Sklep.................................................................................................................... 77 7. Literatura in viri .................................................................................................. 79 Literatura................................................................................................................................ 79 Viri..........................................................................................................................................
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