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In Vitro Antioxidant Potential and Cytotoxicity Study of Asparagus Aethiopicus L

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In Vitro Antioxidant Potential and Cytotoxicity Study of Asparagus Aethiopicus L Original Article In vitro Antioxidant Potential and Cytotoxicity Study of Asparagus aethiopicus L. Extracts on HT-29 Human Colon Cancer Cell Line Suhas Suresh Awati1,2,*, Ritu M Gilhotra1, Santosh K Singh1, Vinit Raj1, Kiran A Wadkar3 1School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyanvihar University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA. 2Dr. Shivajirao Kadam College of Pharmacy, Kasabe Digraj, Sangli, Maharashtra, INDIA. 3Department of Pharmacognosy, Appasaheb Birnale College of Pharmacy, Sangli, Maharashtra, INDIA. ABSTRACT Objectives: To decide the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and anticancer potential of Asparagus aethiopicus L. extracts on HT-29 human colon malignant growth cell line. Methods: The roots of plant were exposed to Hot Soxhlet continuous extraction with expanding polarity of solvents viz., pet ether, chloroform, ethanol and aqueous maceration. Qualitative phytochemical screening was completed by utilizing distinctive phytochemical tests. The antioxidant potential was tried utilizing 2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl, ferric ion reducing power assay and phosphomolybdenum assay. In vitro anticancer action tried on HT-29 human colon malignant growth cell line and it was assessed by (3-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazole-2yl)- 2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) MTT test. Results and Discussion: Preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening affirmed the presence of phytoconstituents like alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, sterols, tannins and reducing sugar. Antioxidant potential was demonstrated most noteworthy in ethanol extracts dependent on the test performed. The ethanol extracts were seen as an antioxidant and specifically cytotoxic to HT-29 human colon malignant growth cell line. Conclusion: The outcomes show that Asparagus aethiopicus L. having a potential of antioxidant activity and anticancer action on HT-29 human colon cancer cell line. In any case, further examinations are expected to presume that the particular constituent liable for its antioxidant action and cancer prevention agent. Key words: Phytochemical, Antioxidant, Anticancer, Colon cancer, Asparagus aethiopicus. Submission Date: 21-03-2020; Revision Date: 29-05-2020; Accepted Date: 13-08-2020 INTRODUCTION DOI: 10.5530/ijper.54.3s.156 Correspondence: Cancer is a disease described by malignancy drugs have been created from Mr. Suhas Suresh Awati 1School of Pharmacy, Suresh uncontrolled engendering of cells that an assortment of sources extending from Gyanvihar University, Jaipur, have changed from the typical cells of normal items (plants and organisms) to Rajasthan, INDIA. 2Dr. Shivajirao Kadam the body. The malignant growth cells can synthetic particles. The broadly utilized College of Pharmacy, medications that are malignant growth Kasabe Digraj, attack the neighbouring and distant tissues Sangli-416301, Maharashtra, via the circulation. In advanced stages, a chemotherapeutic specialists experience the INDIA. Phone: +91 9552581008 malignant growth patient may die because ill effects of the downside of high danger, E-mail: [email protected] of either ill-advised finding or treatment for example, bone marrow concealment, disappointment. Malignancy is one of the alopecia, queasiness and spewing and are push zones for which powerful medications not inside the compass of a typical man.1 at reasonable costs are not accessible until Medicines acquired from plants have now presumably because of an absence of assumed a central job in the social insurance understanding the disease pathophysiology. of ahead of schedule and late societies. For such a ghastly infection hostile to Ayurveda, the Indian arrangement of www.ijper.org S570 Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research |Vol 54 | Issue 3 [Suppl] | Jul-Sep, 2020 Awati, et al.: Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Study of Asparagus aethiopicus L. medication for the most part utilizes plant based Asparagus basically essential oils, flavonoids, saponin medications or formulations to treat different sicknesses glycosides, tannins and sterols. The major bioactive including malignancy. About 60% of medications allowed constituents of asparagus are a gathering of steroidal for cancer treatment are of natural source. Vincristine, saponins. This plant likewise contains vitamins A, B1, Etoposide, Irinotecan, Taxanes and Camptothecines are B2, C, E and Mg, P, Ca, Fe and folic acid. Other essential instances of plant-derived anti-cancer compounds.2 synthetic constituents of Asparagus are essential oils, A few malignancies inquire about investigations asparagine, arginine, tyrosine, flavonoids (kaempferol, accompanied using traditional medicinal plants in quercetin and rutin), gum, Shatavarin I–IV, asparagamine solidarity to find new helpful specialists that do not and tannin. From a pharmacological perspective, have the dangerous reactions connected with current these varieties have antioxidant, cancer prevention, chemotherapeutic agents and the medications under antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and clinical trials, phytomedicines have improved strongly in immunostimulant exercises among others, affirming 3 the previous two decades. data got from ethno pharmacological studies.12-18 In any Current treatment of malignant growth has significantly case, this plant has not been investigated for anticancer more side effects to defeat from that; natural action on colon malignant growth and antioxidant remedies are helpful, adequate and demanding by the properties of this plant. Subsequently, we have made disease patients because of its less or no toxic effect. an endeavor to utilize this natural plant to check the Henceforth here is a significant need to create substitute viability against colon malignant growth cell lines. The restorative techniques against this deadly illness. There present investigation was intended to assess primer is consistently the expectation that the pursuit among phytochemical assessment, in vitro antioxidant study the traditional therapeutic plants may furnish strong and and in vitro anticancer movement against HT-29 colon safe prescriptions with few or no poisonous impacts. malignancy cell lines. Reactive oxygen species are thought to assume a significant job in numerous human maladies. Radical MATERIALS AND METHODS scavenging power is essential because of the lethal job of free radicals in biological systems. Numerous Chemicals secondary metabolites like phenols, polyphenols and All solvents were analytical grade. Pet Ether, Chloroform, flavonoids fill in as wellsprings of antioxidants and ethanol, Ascorbic acid, ferric chloride, aluminium perform scavenging activity.4 chloride, potassium acetate, DPPH reagent, sodium In spite of assuming a key job in cell forms, reactive carbonate, were obtained from Loba Chemie Pvt. Ltd. oxygen species promptly join and oxidize biomolecules, Mumbai. Shimadzu 1800 UV-Vis Spectrophotometer for example, sugars, proteins and lipids and in this was utilized in all spectrophotometric estimations. manner making them inactive with sub-sequent harm to cells, tissues and organs prompting beginning of Cell culture numerous maladies including malignancy. In this The human colon cancer cell line (HT-29) was obtained manner, by diminishing free radicals and oxidative from National Centre for Cell Sciences (NCCS), Pune, pressure, antioxidants assume a job in improving DNA India. The cells were kept up at 37°C in a humidified harm, decreasing the rate of abnormal cell division and atmosphere (90%) containing 5% CO2 and afterword, lessening mutagenesis. Hence, numerous antioxidant- cultured in (Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium) with rich plants possess cancer prevention activity.5,6 low glucose, Thermo fisher scientific (Cat No-11965- Asparagus aethiopicus L. (Sprengeri plant/Asparagus 092) with 10% (v/v) FBS, 100 units/mL penicillin and greenery) has a place with the family Asparagaceae; 100 μg/ml streptomycin. Modern taxonomists have put the genus Asparagus in family Asparagaceae of request Asparagales rather Strategy for collection of plant than in Liliaceae. It is a helpful traditional medicinal The Asparagus aethiopicus L. chosen for the investigation plant, saw as developed all through the tropical and was collected from the Kolhapur district of Maharashtra. subtropical pieces of India. The dried roots of plants The plant was authenticated by Dr. S. R. Yadav, HOD and are generally utilized as a drug.7-11 The plants from Taxonomist Department of Botany, Shivaji University Asparagaceae family offers various medical advantages Kolhapur and Herbarium deposited having Voucher because of phytochemically a number of classes of specimen no. SSA-02 in the Department of Botany, phytoconstituents were isolated from plants of genus Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research | Vol 54 | Issue 3 [Suppl] | Jul-Sep, 2020 S571 Awati, et al.: Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Study of Asparagus aethiopicus L. Phytochemical evaluation Pharmacological Evaluation The root portion of Asparagus aethiopicus L. were In vitro antioxidant activity collected, washed with water, shade dried and The in-vitro antioxidant activity of different extracts powdered. The powdered material was exposed to of Asparagus aethiopicus L. studied by utilizing successive solvent extraction using Soxhlet apparatus Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, with a selected order of polarity i.e. pet ether, Phosphomolybdenum assay and 2, 2-Diphenyl-1- chloroform, ethanol and water maceration. The picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging ability
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