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South-West Pacific Node Training 12-16 November 2007

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South-West Pacific Node Training 12-16 November 2007 COMPONENT 2A - Project 2A2 Knowledge, monitoring, management and benefi cial use of coral reef ecosystems April 2008 REEF MONITORING SOUTH-WEST PACIFIC NODE TRAINING 12-16 NOVEMBER 2007 Author: Naushad YAKUB The CRISP programme is implemented as part of the policy developped by the Secretariat of the Pacifi c Regional Environment Programme for a contribution to conservation and sustainable development of coral reefs in the Pacifi c he Initiative for the Protection and Management of Coral Reefs in the Pacifi c T (CRISP), sponsored by France and prepared by the French Development Agency (AFD) as part of an inter-ministerial project from 2002 onwards, aims to develop a vision for the future of these unique eco-systems and the communities that depend on them and to introduce strategies and projects to conserve their biodiversity, while developing the economic and environmental services that they provide both locally and globally. Also, it is designed as a factor for integration between developed countries (Australia, New Zealand, Japan and USA), French overseas territories and Pacifi c Island developing countries. The CRISP Programme comprises three major components, which are: Component 1A: Integrated Coastal Management and Watershed Management - 1A1: Marine biodiversity conservation planning - 1A2: Marine Protected Areas - 1A3: Institutional strengthening and networking - 1A4: Integrated coastal reef zone and watershed management CRISP Coordinating Unit (CCU) Component 2: Development of Coral Ecosystems Programme manager: Eric CLUA - 2A: Knowledge, monitoring and management of coral reef ecosytems SPC - PO Box D5 - 2B: Reef rehabilitation 98848 Noumea Cedex - 2C: Development of active marine substances New Caledonia - 2D: Development of regional data base (ReefBase Pacifi c) Tel.: (687) 26 54 71 Component 3: Programme Coordination and Development E-mail: [email protected] - 3A: Capitalisation, value-adding and extension of CRISP Programme activities www.crisponline.net - 3B: Coordination, promotion and development of CRISP Programme COMPONENT2A Knowledge, monitoring and management of coral reef ecosytems PROJECT 2A-1: Postlarvae (fi sh and crustacean) capture and culture for aquarium trade and restoking PROJECT 2A-2: Improvement of knowledge and capacity for a better management of reef ecosystems PROJECT 2A-3: Synopsis and extension work on indicators for monitoring the health of co- CRISP contact person: ral ecosystems and developing a remote sensing tool Ken McKAY School of Marine Studies PROJECT 2A-4: Faculty of Islands and Oceans Testing of novel information feedback methods for local communities and The University of the South Pacifi c users of reef and lagoon resources Suva, Fiji Tel.: (679) 3 232 612 PROJECT 2A-5: Fax: (679) 3 231 526 Specifi c studies on i) the eff ects on the increase in atmospheric CO2 on the E-mail: [email protected] health of coral formation and ii) the development of ecotourism This CRISP component is funded by the following agency: Objectives The GCRMN South West Pacific Node includes 7 countries: Fiji Islands, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Nauru, Samoa and Tuvalu. However countries present were Solomon Islands, Western Samoa, Vanuatu and Fiji Islands. The objectives of this training were to: 1. Train GCRMN country coordinators to analyze data using Ms-Excel with appropriate templates 2. Train the GCRMN South West Pacific Node Country Coordinators on setting up a coral reef monitoring database using Ms-Access 1 Day 1 – 12th November 2007 A brief session was conducted on techniques used by the present coordinators of South West Pacific Node for GCRMN. Solomon Islands This technique was introduced in Solomon Islands in 2004 that was adapted from Indonesia. This method was called PIX (point intercept transect with X) for the sake of this training only to differentiate between other techniques used by other SW node countries. This technique uses: 1. 50m transect with X shaped aluminum bars (70cm length) screwed at center at every 1m 2. 50m x 5pts (from X shaped bar) = 250 pts per transect 3. 5 divers: a. 1 lays tape b. 2 benthic cover to life-form category c. 3 & 4 UVC (underwater visual census) to fish species using own fish species list. d. 5 invertebrates. Invertebrates are collected at 2 depths as well except for sea cucumbers the depth is 25m. 4. Depth 5 and 10 m 5. Permanent monitoring sites, total of 32 6. Data is tallied as total life-form category per transect 7. Analysis – summary of tallied points with mean, standard deviation and standard error. However this method is adopted well but analysis is difficult as there has been no training conducted for proper data analysis. The representatives are willing to adapt to the modified GCRMN ReefCheck techniques as conducted by Vanuatu and Fiji Islands. X X X X X 1m 2m 50m 2 Figure 1 50m transect with X Western Samoa The method was modified by the trainees in the last GCRMN Train the Trainers Workshop held in 2003 in Fiji Islands. This technique uses PIT: 1. 50m transect at every 2m interval – 25 points per transect 2. 1.5m on each side of transect 3. 3 divers a. 1 - 1.5m from transect on left b. 2 - in center c. 3 - 1.5 from transect on right 4. Depth is 5m maximum 5. Snorkel surveys 6. Back reef and Reef flat Samoa collects fish and invertebrate data to family level with target fish collected to species level. Diver 1 1.5m Diver 2 Diver 3 Figure 2 The above illustration shows the method in which Samoa collects data for benthic life-form categories. 3 Vanuatu and Fiji Islands These 2 countries use the Reef Check method as depicted in the figures below adapted from the Reef Check Training manual. Figure 3 The transect is 100m long with 4 by 20m transects with 5m gap in between transects, however the method is PIT as well. Figure 4 Fish (attached as fish species list) and invertebrates’ data are collected to Reef Check indicator families with abundance. However it was suggested if atleast fish data could be collected with length estimates to calculate biomass for family or species. 4 Day 3 – 13th November 2007 This day started with a brief follow-up from yesterday’s session where different techniques used to collect substrate, fish and invertebrate data was discussed with clear portrait of techniques used. Coral data analysis was introduced using different life-form categories adapted from the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) as part of GCRMN reporting. However Vanuatu uses Reef Check categories while Fiji uses both GCRMN and Reef Check which is interchangeable. Sample coral data template was shown with different life-form categories and health status as bleached (B), lives (L) and partly bleached (PB). In addition data filtering, sorting and checking for typo errors was shown as well. This data was analyzed using pivot table and appropriate graphs were plotted. The formatting of graphs with title, customize legends, fonts and colors was also shown. For example data was analyzed for each site for total life-form category and health. 5 Figure 5 Example of Coral data template Figure 6 Pivot Table showing count of benthic versus site code 6 Figure 7 Graph created from pivot table showing count of benthic vs site code The templates were created for Solomon Islands and Samoa for data entry and these templates were used to analyze data country specific data. The column headings were date, site code, transect, benthic code and health. The resulting graphs were easy to interpret and can easily adapted to GCRMN reporting requirements. The Solomon Islands template is illustrated below (figure 8) whereby all data inclusive all transects and sites were entered in a single excel spreadsheet for easy analysis. Figure 8 The day finished with a brief introduction to database with importing excel spreadsheets, linking tables, creating and running queries. However the participants showed negative response due to uncertainty on liking tables and creating queries. 7 Day 4 – 14th November 2007 After the brief follow-up from yesterday’s session, fish data template was introduced. Each column with appropriate headings: date, site code, transect, species, family, abundance, a & b values, biomass per species and total biomass. Figure 9 Fish data template with column showing calculation of biomass. Pivot table was used for data analysis and plotting of graphs. Each country used this template by exporting their data and graphs were plotted. A brief was given on calculating the species richness which is simply the number in the unit of study. A standardized list was developed to accomplish GCRMN requirements for each country in the Southwest Pacific Node: • Percentage substrate cover per site per country o Solomon Islands % cover = life-form group x 100 1000 8 • Samoa % cover = life-form group x100 390 o Vanuatu and Fiji Islands – Reef Check graph which is created automatically due to excel template created by Reef Check • Time series percentage hard coral and algae cover with standard deviations for each country • Abundance and/or biomass data for fish and invertebrates depending on each country’s requirements Figure 10 Pivot table showing total abundance of fish per species per site 9 Figure 11 Graphs showing fish abundance per species per site Moreover, a standardized list of coral life-form categories matching with Reef Check categories was developed in relation to consistence data for Vanuatu and Fiji Islands. The list is as follows: Samoa, Solomon Islands & Fiji Islands Vanuatu & Fiji Islands Acropora OT Hard Coral OT Non- Acropora Bleaching Hard Coral Hard coral bleaching Soft Coral Soft Coral Soft coral bleaching Algae (DCA & CA) Nutrient indicator algae Abiotic RC, SD, RB, SI Sponge Sponge 10 DC RKC Finally the group developed fish species list with a & b values according to their needs; Solomon Islands, species and families; Samoa mostly family with few species and Vanuatu and Fiji Islands families only due to Reef Check indicator list.
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