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A Preliminary Evaluation of a Recently Enacted Reef-Fish Management Plan at Kamiali Wildlife Management Area, Papua New Guinea

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A Preliminary Evaluation of a Recently Enacted Reef-Fish Management Plan at Kamiali Wildlife Management Area, Papua New Guinea A Preliminary Evaluation of a Recently Enacted Reef-Fish Management Plan at Kamiali Wildlife Management Area, Papua New Guinea Ken Longenecker, Ross Langston, and Holly Bolick Honolulu, Hawaii November 2015 COVER An aerial view of the fringing reef on north side of Cape Dinga, Kamiali Wildlife Management Area. The reef is protected as part of the reef-fish management plan being evaluated in this report. The point of land is the approximate boundary between two levels of protection. No fishing is allowed on the reef in the foreground. Derris (poison rope, or rotenone) fishing is prohibited on the reef in the background. Photo: Ross Langston. A Preliminary Evaluation of a Recently Enacted Reef-Fish Management Plan at Kamiali Wildlife Management Area, Papua New Guinea Ken Longenecker, Ross Langston, and Holly Bolick Pacific Biological Survey Bishop Museum Honolulu, Hawaii 96817, USA Bishop Museum Technical Report 65 Honolulu, Hawaii November 2015 Bishop Museum Press 1525 Bernice Street Honolulu, Hawai‘i Copyright © 2015 Bishop Museum All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America ISSN 1085-455X Contribution No. 2015-002 to the Pacific Biological Survey Contents LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................................... 4 LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................ 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ 6 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 7 General Background ................................................................................................................... 7 Reef-Fish Management Plan ....................................................................................................... 7 Purpose ........................................................................................................................................ 9 Kala Pronunciation Guide ........................................................................................................... 9 METHODS ................................................................................................................................... 10 Study Area ................................................................................................................................ 10 Fishery Surveys ......................................................................................................................... 10 Analysis..................................................................................................................................... 11 RESULTS ..................................................................................................................................... 13 Fishery Surveys ......................................................................................................................... 13 Species Accounts ...................................................................................................................... 16 Acanthuridae ......................................................................................................................... 16 Acanthurus pyroferus ........................................................................................................ 16 Naso hexacanthus (biaŋgawe suwi) .................................................................................. 16 Naso vlamingii (biaŋgawe tumi) ....................................................................................... 17 Balistidae............................................................................................................................... 17 Canthidermis maculata (labaikã suwi) ............................................................................. 17 Caesionidae ........................................................................................................................... 18 Caesio cuning (luduŋ mai) ................................................................................................ 18 Ephippidae ............................................................................................................................ 19 Platax orbicularis ............................................................................................................. 19 Holocentridae ........................................................................................................................ 19 Myripristis adusta (imbilĩ tombo yeyẽ) ............................................................................. 19 Sargocentron caudimaculatum (imbilĩ yasai) ................................................................... 20 Lutjanidae ............................................................................................................................. 20 Lutjanus biguttatus (itale) ................................................................................................. 20 Lutjanus boutton (iyayaŋ) ................................................................................................. 21 Macolor macularis (labaikã tewe yayã) ........................................................................... 22 Mullidae ................................................................................................................................ 22 Parupeneus barberinus (iwaŋgale) ................................................................................... 22 Parupeneus multifasciatus (iwaŋgale bote) ...................................................................... 23 Scaridae ................................................................................................................................. 24 Chlorurus bleekeri (iŋga bobo & iŋga talã) ..................................................................... 24 Scarus flavipectoralis (iŋga talaŋ & iŋga tali lau) ........................................................... 25 Serranidae ............................................................................................................................. 26 Cephalopholis cyanostigma (ikula sa) .............................................................................. 26 Plectropomus oligacanthus (ikula su tatalõ) .................................................................... 27 Siganidae ............................................................................................................................... 28 Siganus lineatus (yulawe) ................................................................................................. 28 DISCUSSION ............................................................................................................................... 29 3 Plan Evaluation ......................................................................................................................... 29 Depth ..................................................................................................................................... 29 Systematic measurement error .............................................................................................. 30 Recruitment failure ............................................................................................................... 31 Recommendations ..................................................................................................................... 33 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................................ 33 LITERATURE CITED ................................................................................................................. 33 List of Tables Table 1. List of marine sites surveyed at Kamiali Wildlife Management Area during 2015 ....... 11 Table 2. Absolute and relative changes in length and weight ....................................................... 15 Table 3. Percent reproductively sized individuals and mature females ........................................ 15 List of Figures Figure 1. Conceptual model of the Kamiali Initiative ................................................................... 7 Figure 2. Protected areas at KWMA .............................................................................................. 9 Figure 3. 2015 survey sites .......................................................................................................... 12 Figure 4. Average pre- and post-plan lengths of exploited reef fishes ........................................ 14 Figure 5. Acanthurus pyroferus ................................................................................................... 16 Figure 6. Size structure of Acanthurus pyroferus ........................................................................ 16 Figure 7. Biaŋgawe suwi (Naso hexacanthus) ............................................................................. 16 Figure 8. Size structure of Naso hexacanthus .............................................................................. 17 Figure 9. Biaŋgawe tumi (Naso vlamingii) .................................................................................. 17 Figure 10. Labaikã suwi (Canthidermis maculata) ..................................................................... 17 Figure 11. Size structure
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