JUNE 17, 1882. ] ENGINEERING AND MINING JOURNAL. 311 nla a a
IN our number for May 27th, we published a letter from “Silver,” in Ore- ENGINEERING aud MINING JOURNAL, gon, giving an account of some valuable mines in that section belonging VoL. XXXIII. No. 24. to Mr. ‘‘ J. H. HUTCHINSON” and others. Our correspondent wrote ‘‘ HuNtT- INGTON,” and that is the correct name. Justice compels us to add that RIOHARD P, ROTHWELL, ©.E., M.E,, ROSSITER W. RAYMOND, Pu.D., f Editors. the compositor and the proof-reader are innocent in this particular case. CHARLES KIROHHOFF, Jr., M.E., Assistant-Bditor, If the blunder and its correction should give Mr. HUNTINGTON’S mines a Note.—Communications relative to the editorial management should be addressed to double advertisement, he will perhaps forgive it. ” EpiTor, P.O. Box 1833, New York. Communications for Mr. RayMonp should be addressed to Rossirer W. RAYMON p, P.O. Box 1465, New York. Articles written by Mr. Raymonp will be signed thus * ; and only for articles so signed is he responsible. So far as the resumption of work by the striking men in the Western SUBSCRIPTION PRIcE, including postage, for the United States and Canada. . $4 per annum ; $2.25 for six months ; all other countries, including postage, $5.00 = 20s. = iron-mills is concerned, there is little that is new, except that the work- 25 francs = 20 marks. All payments must be made in advance. Parties accepting any other than our official receipt for subscriptions, from agents, do so at their own risk. men at the Cincinnati mills have partially gone in. Attempts are Advertising Rates.—See page ix. made at a number of mills in Western Pennsylvania, to run with non- Messrs. C. A. Green and D. B . Rich are our accredited representatives fcr New York. union men. The manufacturers, it is said, have perfected the details of Messrs. D. B. Rich and A. R. Brown, Jr., are our accredited representatives for Boston and the Eastern é States. ia Office, Room 4, Simmons Building, 40 ater street, Boston. their organization, and an early completion of the movement is looked Mr. J. Viennot, 150 South Fourth street, Philadelphia, is our accredited representative for Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Delaware. for. From the iron districts of Eastern Pennsylvania, come alarming Mr. A. H. Taylor, 159 Lake street, Chicago, is our accredited representative for Chi- rumors that a general demand for higher wages is contemplated in that cago and the Northwest. Mr. O. D. Cotton, Room 15, Pike’s Opera-House, Cincinnati, O., is our accredited section, and that the tone of the manufacturers is strongly against grant- representative for Cincinnati, O., Louisville, Ky., and vicinity. ingit. In view of the heavy engagements of these mills for the next REMITTANCES Should always be made by Post-Office Orders or Bank Drafts on New York, made payable to THE ScIENTIFIC PUBLISHING COMPANY. month, many refusing orders now, it does not seem as though resistance THE SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING CO., Publishers, to an increase would be likely to be general. P.O... Box 1833. 27 Park Place, New York. nhcaiepresnieabeantntactaoe? eee aeieSenSSiie eeaeSsingeatisenh anaes CONTENTS, THE SMUGGLER CASE.
P PAGE, | PAGE EDITORIALS: | GENERAL MINING News: The second trial of the suit between the Iron Silver Mining Company Swindling in Electric Companies..... 31 and the owner of the Smuggler claim on Iron Hill, was decided on Satur- RMNNUIIRS oS. ace A clclnic mois aie area hela 317 The Yale Lock Company and Emery’s day last, by a verdict for the defendants, the jury being out only ten COIR is ccc ewe sax Mebues B18 | Testing-Machine...... 3..5.<6s0050%6 311 | minutes. The charge of Judge HALLETT was both fair and strong, as The Prospects for a Fair Crop...... 311 RENMEI cosa a's Sows, Secndeusunsscsbwce 318 may be seen in the following extract from it : The Wear of English Gold Coins..... 311 RIMIMMR Ne oy casa Weccinca toe Mapas ances 318 MMM «5. cine dacicnties bane ne teiwetons 318 “The principal question is, whether there is a lode or vein in the line which United States Exports of Breadstuffs. 311 extends into the Smuggler. A body of mineral or mineral-bearing rock in the Pg a 311 MUOMMMOIR Ds ccccncass: ereeecnass 318 general mass of the mountain, so far as it may continue unbroken and without PRAM Ts ccivss xeonaiees acs Joncaeas 318 interruption, may be regarded as a lode or vein, whatever the boundaries ma The Strike in Western Iron-Mills..... 311 be. If ore is found within the boundaries or fissures, although at considerable The Smuggler Case...... 0000-. 311 PUR icc s'sl ars. Wan eiaares “aeaaeves . 319 intervals and small quantities, it is called a lode or vein. OMEN Ss 6 aca lkcscoeavasmes ses 319 ** The plaintiffs must prove that a lode, as here defined, extends from the Lime Explosives, Fuses, and Igniting Ap- to and into the Smuggler, and in reverting to the definition, the two particulars, paratus for Submarine Mining..... 312 Patents to be Promulgated from the the mineral body and the boundaries, must be considered; and it may be said The Geology of Tombstone General Land-Office, May 6...... that without proof of one of them a lode can not exist. The plaintiffs claim to show that a lode exists in the ground in controversy. The defendants Mining in Arizona Patents Granted by the United States deny that proposition, and the case turns on that question. They The Cerro de Pasco Mill...... 313 PII i's sk iwbneciowends tence 320 concede that there is ore, in detached masses or fragments, but that it can not be regarded as a continuous body, or marking the line of a lode or vein. The Law as Affecting Mining...... 314 Excluding the wash, slide, or débris on the surface of the mountain, all things in FINANCIAL ! Official Statement and Reports...... 314 the mass of the mountain are in place. A continuous body of mineral, or min- eral-bearing rock, extending through disjoined rocks, is as fully a lode as that Gold and Silver Stocks...... 320 The Amount of Oil Remaining in Penn- found in more regular formations ; bit if it is not continuous, or found in an sylvania and New York...... 315 COBDAM BGIGKB ss... ccs oss ie cavecccnce OOM | opening which is itself continuous, it can not be socalled. In that instance, it BIUESION TERABWE oe 6-0 o0cis 5 hos cccccaccccs 322 lacks individuality and extension, which is an essential quality of a vein or lode. The Production of Steel in the United ‘* Plaintiff bas given evidence to establish the existence of porphyry and lime ONE i Nn ss oo cecdn, bscseeoee . 316 RE Se acces avahpce cS isla smia as reais 323 with regularity, and a crevice between them, filled with vein matter; and defend- The World’s Production of Lead in 1881. 317 Iron MaRKeT REVIEW...... £ 24 ants sought to show the ground broken and disjointed, and the parts so inter- mingled that no lode can extend from one claim to the other. CoaL TRADE REVIEW...... 324 PROGRESS IN SCIENCE AND THE ARTS: ‘* The question is one to be decided by the weight of the testimony, as the num- STATISTICS OF COAL PRODUCTION...... 324 ber of witnesses and the effect the testimony has on your minds, accepting such The Basic Lining in Copper Refining. 314 which seems to you to be worthy of belief, and rejecting the other.” PINE G25 eB Neils toe eaccendeirie — The Liquefaction of Ozone...... 316 There is nothing in this charge to favor the pet notion of Mr. BELFORD Relining Basic Converters...... 316 Advertisers’ Index ...... -.-..-.-. x and other amateurs, that a ‘‘ blanket-lode” is something so different from A STRIKING instance of the swindl ing which has crept into the organi- all other lodes as not to be possibly included under the law. But the zation of electric companies is furnished by the career of Dr. PAGET action of the jury is understood by Colorado people in that sense. The Hiaes, who has suddenly left this country, leaving behind him a num- Denver Tribune says, ‘‘ Thus again the claim of a right to pass one’s ber of victims to regret the confidence they placed in him. side-lines on a contact mining claim has proved futile ;”’ and adds that the verdict was the occasion of general gratification among Leadville WE understand that the Yale Lock Company, of Stamford, Conn., has people in Denver, ‘“‘inasmuch as pending litigation has been averted thereby.” That is to say, the owners of U. S. patents, who supposed acquired EMERY’s testing-machine patents, under which the famous themselves protected: by the mining law, will be prevented from attempt- Watertown machine was built, and that a fifty-ton machine is now ing to enforce their rights by this new evidence of the popular feeling building for the Altoona shops of the Pennsylvania Railroad. and the hostility of Colorado juries. In addition to the usual talk about ‘‘ monopolies,” ‘‘ great corporations, DuRING the past week, the prospects of a fair crop have brightened driving out the poor, honest, hard-working” trespasser, etc.,with which Mr. considerably, and a more confident tone is prevailing. In afew weeks, PATTERSON has made the courts familiar, the proceedings were enlivened the long and dreary period of suspense will be over; and with a tolerably by the pathetic appeal to the jury of the Hon. Mr. BELFORD, who pleaded accurate knowledge of what is in st ore for the business community, it will be able to shape its course. that he had left his public duties in Congress, and come all the way home, to appear both as client and counsel in this case, because he had invested Mr. J. BIDDULPH MARTIN has gathered an interesting series of statistics money in the Smuggler title, and, together with his wife and hapless on the wear of English gold coins. He finds from reports obtained from babes, would be out of pocket if the case were decided against him. In banks, railroads, post-offices, and industrial firms, that the mean an- the long run, it would probably have been better for the little BELFoRDS nual rate of wear is 0°04325 grains. Out of 600,000 sovereigns tested, if their papa had received a sharp warning in this instance. There is only 55°40 per cent were within tl 1e limit, and 44°60 were light. Of danger that he may be encouraged to continue investing the money of 600,000 half-sovereigns, as much as 61°89 per cent was below the mini- infant innocence in mining claims which will depend on his eloquence mum weight. for their value. The ‘‘contact ” deposit on Iron Hill is one and the same everywhere. ACCORDING to the figures just published by Mr. JosEpH Nimmo, Jr., of If confidence be not given to the statements of interested parties and the Bureau of Statistics, the exports of breadstuffs for the first eleven their experts, the impartial and thorough report of the U. S. Geological months of the fiscal years 1881 and 1882 were respectively $244,955,413 Survey settles the point. The application of the U.S. statutes to such and $167,653,532. The loss of over seventy-five millions of dollars of deposits has been plainly declared by the courts. But Colorado juries business through poor crops last year, and the interference of the specu- are determined that side-lines shall bound mining rights on this class of lative element, are items which even our wealthy country can not help deposits, law or no law ; and Congressional representatives, it appears, seriously feeling. are not ashamed to avow their contingent interest in the plunder of min- 312 ENGINEERING AND MINING JOURNAL. (June 17, 1872.
Leen ne ne ing corporations through this sentiment. The effect of all this upon the The energy of the various kinds of explosives not being the only chances of further investment of capital in Colorado mines will, of course, one of the points to be considered, General ABBOT made tests on the be unfavorable. effect of wetting, freezing, and storing the charge. Nitro-glycerine is This case, we are informed, will be appealed. The ground in dispute not affected by water, while dynamite No. 1 and gun-cotton lost about 6 is not known to contain valuable ore-bodies, but further developments per cent, and dualin suffers to the extent of at least one half of its normal may reveal them ; and the questions at stake are highly important. * intensity of action. General ABBOT made some experiments to determine whether or not dynamite No. 1 will or will not, as alleged, explode when EXPLOSIVES, FUSES, AND IGNITING APPARATUS FOR SUBMARINE MINING.* frozen ; and as the result of a long series, he states that when a loose powder, it does explode, but that it fails when in compacted cartridges. Early in 1869, General ABBoT was directed by the Chief of Engi- As for the effect of long storage, three lots of dynamite No. 1, kept fivefyears neers to investigate the subject of defending harbors and navigable and two years and a few months respectively, when fired under water channels by submarine mines; and beginning with the year 1878, the exhibited no evidences of deterioration. In view of the fact that much results of elaborate experimental research were gathered and have now has been claimed for tamping with an air-space, it may be interesting to been given to the public in the form of an elaborate report, which is a note that in General ABBOT’s experiments the use of an air-space three times model of diligent and thoughtful experimental inquiry. Though as large as the volume occupied by the charge did not sensibly affect the intended, of course, primarily to furnish data for the elaboration of a plan intensity of action. With a larger air-space going as high as 5°25 times for coast defense, and though all the work was done with that one the bulk of the explosive, there was a marked loss. A very interesting object in view, the report contains much that is of direct use to those chapter, the conclusions of which, however, can not be directly applied who follow more peaceful vocations, and will prove of great value as a to rock work, is that on sympathetic explosions. As the conclusion guide to investigators in kindred fields of research. of this part of his work, General ABBOT recommends that dynamite No. 1 General ABBOT divides his work into three chapters, dealing respectively be adopted provisionally as the best explosive for the service. He adds, with subaqueous explosions, electrical fuses, and igniting apparatus. however, that the trials now making with explosive gelatine may The conclusions reached in the first of these can not, by reason of dif- show it to be a formidable rival. ferent objects and different conditions, be directly applied to the use of General ABBOT’s chapter on electrical fuses is by far the most elaborate explosive compounds in rock-blasting, etc., on land.’ But on the whole, and carefully written thus far published on the subject. He classifies the elaborate treatises on electrical fuses and igniting apparatus will be them in a general way under three heads, namely, low tension, for use studied with much profit by all engineers and by manufacturers. We with strong electrical currents of low potential force acting by the heat- may, therefore, pass briefly over the first, and devote our attention par- ing of a very fine wire imbedded in a suitable priming ; high tension, for ticularly to the second and third chapters. use with condensed sparks; and medium tension fuses, specially de- In view of the impossibility of making actual trials of the effect of signed for magneto-electric machines, the latter two being fired by the submerged masses of explosives upon a modern ship of war, the only passage of the electricity through a small break in the metallic circuit, the course open to General ABBOT was to attempt to throw light upon the un- spark igniting a sensitive priming. General ABBOT takes up the discus- known laws governing the transmission of energy developed by explo- sion of the last two classes first, they being the only ones in the market sion through the water. His first care was to examine the apparatus in 1869, at the time his researches began. He applied himself first for measuring the intensity of the explosive force, and in doing so he arrives at a system of measuring the compression of lead cylinders in a to the elaboration of the details of a testing apparatus, based originally on the idea of CUTHBERTSON’S balance electrometer. We can not enter manner very similar to that described by Mr. HENRY S. DRINKER, in his work on tunneling. General ABBOT, however, goes into a detailed exami- into a description of this ingenious apparatus, which is extremely deli- cate, and with which he fully succeeded in passing through fuses nation of the effect of continued pressure of lead cylinders. He adopted measured currents of electricity in gradually increasing charges, so that an admirable method of using the impact of a pendulum to measure the their absolute sensitiveness and uniformity of action could be accurately energy, thus enabling him to determine exactly in foot-pounds the determined. We may say, however, that it is so delicate that although shock corresponding to the compression of lead cylinders by the explo- seven shocks may be given, more than one hundred successive charges, sion of charges near them. There are discrepancies due to the differ- each larger than the preceding by a definite quantity, may be sent ence in the time of action between the pendulum and the subaqueous through the human body before the senses begin to take note of them. explosions, but these were found to be very small; and there were similar General ABBOT, as the result of his research, has reached the conclusion discrepancies from the same cause in the comparison of the effect of that the explosion of medium and_high tension fuses is not, as generally explosive mixtures and explosive compounds, and special corrective ratios, believed, due directly to the rise in temperature caused by the heat gener- experimentally determined, had to be introduced. ated by the passage of the spark, but to some other cause. After estab- The method used for the determination of the comparative energy of lishing a standard of safety, General ABBOT proceeds to an enumeration different explosives under varying conditions, in immediate vicinity of and discussion of experiments made with fuses by different manufacturers. the charge, was to fasten the latter in the center of a wrought-iron ring, He speaks at length of the ABEL fuse and its poor French and American provided with a number of the gauges containing the lead cylinders. When it was intended to increase the energy at considerable lateral dis- imitations ; the VON EBNER and other foreign fuses, little known in this tances above, below, or at the level of the charge, the latter was placed country ; the BEARDSLEE fuse, so largely employed during the war, but now practically out of the market ; and the fulminate of copper fuses, in a ‘‘crate” fifty feet long, ten feet wide, and ten feet high, the explo- sion being registered by thirty-eight gauges, attached to various parts made by J. B. Dowsg, H. J. Smitu, C. A. BROWNE, and G. A. GOODYEAR, of the crate. none of which failed to explode experimentally or in actual trial. His tests of the BROWNE No. IV. fuse, manufactured by the Laflin & Rand The results of the tests with various explosives showed that their Powder Company, proved it to be ‘‘ safe, certain, uniform, and, as expe- relative intensity of action horizontally, when fired under water, was as follows, dynamite No. 1 being 100: rience has shown, not liable to deteriorate from lapse of time or exposure Explosive gelatine to ordinary dampness,” so that it has been adopted for cases in which a EN coo bei bcetcaubsyyee+es hs ssecnees high-tension fuse may be required for military service. A similar result Hercules powder, No. 1... Dynamite, No. 1 followed his electrometer trials of the fuse used by Mr. G. M. MowBray Rend-rock.. for his powder-keg frictional battery, while the high-tension fuse of the NTE cco Senkin.ouckins sobs xlbssereaeroiccku Sicas cake eee cckehasues Dynamite, No. 2 .. Giant Powder Company is pronounced over-sensitive, ‘‘ though perhaps NDT Es ssi cahcshhaehien shes gun-cotton and fulminate of mercury, and, on the score of greater uni- a paid witness ; I, as a party interested in the case; and neither situation formity, preference is given to the latter, though, for special uses, such was novel. Many engineers have occupied one or the other position, and I do not believe they have thought themselves unworthy of credit in either as blasting on a large scale, gun-cotton may be better, especially if case. It seems to me that the question of honest testimony depends upon pulverized and mixed with enough mealed powder to make it pack the man, upon his character and principle, and not upon his relation to readily. General ABBOT gives an interesting table of tests, made with the final result. fulminate of mercury and gun-cotton fuses, made for trial, previous to This was very neatly demonstrated in this same Way Up case. One wit- ness for the Way Up swore that there is inthe Way Upshaft a true fissure- the Hallett’s Point blast, by SmiTH, GOODYEAR, STRIEDINGER, and LAFLIN vein with well-defined walls, the foot-wall being especially well defined, and & RAND, the latter being used. A very elaborate series of experiments that this vein extended from the surface down to the bottom, a depth of with fuses of foreign and American make shows that the latter are not about 270 feet. On cross-examination, he further swore that this shaft inferior to those of any other nation, for civil] or military purposes, a fact ‘‘descends in an ore-body ;” but finding that a little too strong, he modifies the statement somewhat in another answer, and says that one eighth or which will be received with satisfaction, as low-tension fuses being one tenth of the shaft is in ore. capable of being prepared of any degree of sensitiveness, and having Another witness for the Way Up declined to say any thing of this many other important advantages, are best adapted for electric firing of kind. His testimony was, that the ‘‘ vein” in the shaft was a mere seam, explosives. a crack widening in places to one or twoinches ! He also declined to swear that this crack went to the bottom of the shaft, but testified that it broke The results of General ApBor’s experiments upon fulminate fuses up entirely at the depth of 32 feet, and that at this point there was no united in series show that, when the current is strong enough to insure seam, but only general cracks. He further swore that he paid no great the explosion of two, it will explode any greater number, the current attention to this seam. necessary to surely fire all of them being somewhat less than three times Now, one of these men was an owner in the property and the other was a paid witness. According to Professor Blake’s standard, your readers the minimum required to explode a single fuse. would be justified in supposing that it was the owner who swore General Axpszor’s chapter on igniting apparatus is similarly exhaus- to the true fissure-vein, and the paid expert who swore that the tive. His first experiments relate to the explosion of a number of shaft had nothing but a crack in it. But bis standard of competent testi- mony must be erroneous ; for it was Professor Blake who swore to the DowsgE fuses in series with a SmirH frictional machine, and he found true fissure-vein and the shaft descending in an ore-body. And it was that when the circuit is too long the fuses near the ends are the most the owner who swore to the crack too small to be worth his attention. likely to explode. For submarine mining, he shows that, while frictional I would gladly see something done to purify our courts, and I machines are lighter and more portable, and while failures are rare, the think that something can be done to that end, in mining cases at least, by danger of firing by induction is considerable, and there is another draw- the employment on the part of the court of a competent person to take the facts testified to by experts, examine the localities, and state what he back in the fact that frictional machines will not retain a full charge. finds, leaving out matters of theory. In this way, the amicus curie For these reasons, they are less suitable for submarine mining than for would not assume the functions of a judge, nor would he control the re- blasting. The Von Esner, SMITH, and Mowsray frictional machines are sult of a case. But he would do much to settle disputed points of fact described, and their where the regular testimony is squarely contradictory. Except in those merits compared, and the voltaic induction apparatus trials where one of a few celebrated, competent judges presides, I think briefly treated. The body of the chapter is devoted to magneto-electric and a system of this kind would be welcome to lawyers, clients, and courts. dynamo-electric apparatus, and considerable attention is given, among the Very truly yours, JOHN A. CHURCH. former, to the BREGUET, JURGENSEN, MARCUS, WHEATSTONE, BEARDSLEE, TOMBSTONE, A. T., May 30, 1882. and GRAMME machines, the last being pronounced the most perfect form. Among the latter. General ABgot describes the SIEMENS spark, FARMER, MINING IN ARIZONA. SmiTH, LaFLin & Ranp, Lapp, SIEMENS current, and HOCHHAUSEN, EDITOR ENGINEERING AND MINING JOURNAL : preference being given to the LAFLIN & RAND, while the HocHHAUSEN Sir: Summer weather is now in full blast, the thermometer standing is well spoken of. at 110 degrees. This, however, is about equal to 80 degrees in your city. One does not suffer with the heat here, because of our dry atmosphere. We have so far exceeded our allotted space that we can not even indicate The mining interest is in its full vigor. New mines are being discovered the extent and nature of General ABBort’s description and test of voltaic and opened up. The old reliable mines, such as Contention, Grand Cen- batteries. We believe, however, that we have accomplished our aim of tral, and others, in the Tombstone District, are yielding their regular showing that, with a title that may seem unpromising, his report con- quantities of ore and hundreds of thousands of dollars monthly to the commerce of the country. The Copper Queen is doing its share hkewise, tains very much that is well worth the close study of those who are not and without any apparent diminution of ore. The Total Wreck Company, interested in submarine mining, but devote all their attention to the use in the Empire District, is erecting a twenty-stamp mill, which will be of explosives for civil purposes. The work is very carefully and well completed some time during August. This will add one hundred thou- written throughout, is beautifully printed, and is accompanied by a num- sand dollars monthly to the now large output of bullion from South- western Arizona. ber of very well executed plates. The Mexican mining excitement has come to a stand-still. Sonora claims to have fifteen producing mines. Query. Producing what? Certainly not dividends. THE GEOLOGY OF TOMBSTONE. The great monster, the Mulatos mine, of Sonora, is again being offered EDITOR ENGINEERING AND MINING JOURNAL : to the public, each time under different auspices. One would naturally Sir: I intended to answer before this Professor Blake’s letter in the think it was about time that this ought to end—when it is well known that the grade of the ore is too low to make it a profitable mining enter- ; ENGINEERING AND MINING JOURNAL of May 6th, but other occupations ; have prevented. Professor Blake finds one error in my quotations from prise. The promoters go on the principle that the fools are not all dead, i and that. by advancing the price for it from year to year, they will find a 2a 5 his paper ; but, as he acknowledges my other strictures to be true, it is i hardly necessary to say that the question respecting the West Side vein market for it. ua It would be wise not to place too much confidence in reports published :§ is not, whether it “‘disappears under the granite,” as I misquoted him, or é in respect to mines not well authenticated. There has been too much of ‘* passes into the underlying granite,” as he really wrote. That can not a a very living issue in the case of a vein that does not come within this cheap publication going on for the good of this country and of the half a mile of the granite ! Eastern investors. This territory has been peculiarly unfortunate in this The fact is, that the professor, seeing mines strung along a north or south respect, and also in respect to our Indian troubles and the cow-boys— course for two miles, steps forward and declares that they are on the who have never existed as an organized band—and which called forth, for political purposes, the proclamation of the President of the United same vein, oblivious of the fact that most of them are in veins, or rather States—a silly mistake, the result of bad counsel, and for which the ore-bodies, that do not follow that course, but lie across it, and oblivious people of this territory are now suffering. JUNIUS. also of the fact that mines are stretched out on the same line, not fortwo miles only, but for seven or eight. In fact, the report upon which the un- TUCSON, ARIZONA, June 8. fortunate Bradshaw was sold carries Professor Blake's views to their proper AGRI Se SORTER PRN THE CERRO DE PASCO MILL. conclusion, and puts the Bradshaw and Tough Nut on the same vein, we though they are seven miles apart, are located in contrary directions, and EDITOR ENGINEERING AND MINING JOURNAL: present the slight obstacle that one is in limestone and the other in a nw tinrienceAYwingsasbineNaat nip Mee wn great field of eruptive rock! It takes the hand of the expert to adjust Sir : Since I seem to have been in error in a recent statement as to the — differences ; but Professor Blake and Mr. Humbert were equai to the Cerro de Pasco mill, I shall regard it as a favor if you will publish the inclosed letter from Mr. Hodges concerning it. Yours very truly, One other point deserves attention. I spoke of him as a ‘casual ob- New YORK, June 9, 1882. JOHN C. F. RANDOLPH. server,” and knowing the mines and the district as well as I do, I still JoHN C. F. RANDOLPH, ESQ. : hold that no man can learn the actual facts of thesituation in aweek. The Deak SiR: In your article, ‘‘The New Mill at Batopilas, State of Chi- professor intimates that under the order of court he was able ‘‘to have huahua, Mexico,” read at the Washington meeting, February, 1882, and all concealing planking and barricades removed ;” but as no such order published in the advance-sheets of the Transactions of the American in- was issued in our case, and no planking, barricade, or obstruction of any stitute of Mining Engineers, I notice a remark founded evidently on mis- kind was removed, or asked to be removed in the whole course of the information. You say, ‘‘ None of it [the Batopilas mill] was left on the Sas I think he must be confounding our case with some coast as unmanageable, as in the case of most of the material for the others. Cerro de Pasco mill, which still remains at a seaside city in Peru.” But leaving all such matters aside, the professor’s letter brings into Permit me to assure you that this statement is entirely incorrect. The prominence an interesting and important question, namely, the credibility material for the Cerro de Pasco mill was not found unmanageable. As I of expert witnesses. Many lawyers and judges think that a man should was the superintendent of the mill, on whom all responsibility in the fu- not be allowed to testify under oath who is employed and paid for that ture would have devolved, I was placed in charge of the construction for service. But I believe the burden of opinion now is, that payment for a the Cerro de Pasco Company. The foundry work was turned out under proper professional service should not disqualify a man from testifying my supervision at the Pacific Iron-Works, and — inspected by me on the stand. before it was shipped. It was almost entirely of excellent character and In the recent trial called the Way Up case, Professor Blake testified as according to the specifications. Of the many thousand pieces, a few only 314 ENGINEERING AND MINING JOURNAL. [JUNE 17, 1882. —about a dozen, I think—exceeded the allowed weight, and these were | Sinking for Water in Desert Lands.—N. C. McFarland, Commissioner; accepted because we were in great haste, and had the means of rectifying | has written the following letter to N. Ellis, of Prescott, Arizona : the error at our machine-shops in Callao. | The Hon. Secretary of the Interior has referred to this office your The machinery was stored at Chosica, on the line of the Oroya Rail- | communication dated ist inst., wherewith you inclose diagram of a road, simply because the affairs of the company and the condition of | group of seven mining claims, situated in Yampa County, in a district Peru were such as to put a stop to all operations at that time. There | barren of water, and unless water can be obtained within a reasonable never was any question as to the possibility of transportig the material, distance from said claims, you state it will be impossible to develop and I am at a loss to understand who could have suggested such an idea them. You further state that scientific men have advised you that water to you. |can probably be obtained by sinking at the lower end of one of said I think that your statement, as published, will be construed by your | claims—the Everett. You request to be advised whether you can readers as a reflection on the management of others. Yours truly, | maintain the possessory title to all of said claims by expending seven SAN FRANCISCO, CAL., June 1. A. D. Hopaes, Jr., M.E. hundred dollars on said claim for the purpose of obtaining the water essential to the successful development of all the claims. In reply, I have THE LAW AS AFFECTING MINING AND METALLURGICAL INTERESTS. to state that I see no reason why this may not be done, it being work essential to the development of all of the claims. RULINGS AND DECISIONS OF THE COMMISSIONER OF THE GENERAL LAND- The Commissioner of the General Land-Oftice has dismissed the appeal OFFICE. | ot Joseph C. Spencer from the decision of the land officers at Cheyenne, Wyoming, involving title to placer land valuable for petroleum. Colorado No. 2 versus Jron Silver Mining Company.—Commissioner McFarland has sent the following letter to the Register and Re- DECISION BY THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR. ceiver of Leadville, Colorado: This office has examined the papers Charles H. Seymour vs. L. W. Wood et al.—In this case, Secretary in the matter of Meyer B. Haas et al. upon the Colorado No. 2 Teller says : I have considered the case of Charles H. Seymour vs. L. W. lode, your district. The proofs are regular, and the prima-facie show- Wood et al., applicants for patent to the Woodville placer mine, lot ing entitles the applicants therefor to a patent. On the 10th of February No. 43, in Tp. 16 N. R. 9 E., Sacramento, California, transmitted to this last, Messrs. Hillyer & Ralston, attorneys of this city, filed, in behalf of the Department under Practice Rule 83. Iron Silver Mining Company, a protest against the issuance of patent to The tract in question—formerly known as the Nebraska mine—was Haas et al. This protest is supported by the affidavits of Herman Huber, located in 1855, and worked by Seymour until 1861. In February, James O’Brien, and Patrick Shea, and an exhibit map, prepared by Huber, | 1874, Wood et al. applied for patent to the same tract, claiming a reloca- showing the relative positions of the Iron aaaeey > mines and the Col- tion thereof in December, 1875, and entry was made in November, 1875. orado No. 2 lode, with the dip of the mineral vein of the former. The Seymour did not file an adverse claim during the period of publication of protest raises, in effect, two questions, and requests a hearing at the local said application, which was duly made, but subsequently filed a protest office to determine the same : alleging his prior location and his non-abandonment thereof, and claim- (i.) The only lode or vein of mineral within the limits of the location ing that he was still entitled to its possession. The issue between the of the Colorado No. 2 is that lode or vein the top or apex of which is parties was whether or not Seymour had abandoned the mine. If not, within the location of the Iron mine; and (2) no shaft has been sunk it was not subject to relocation. This question involved that of the posses- within the limits of Colorado No. 2 claim to a sufficient depth to dis- sory right, which is not matter of protest, but belongs exclusively to the cover the mineral vein, being the dip of the Iron mine lode, or any other courts. under sections 2325-6 R. 8. As no sufficient reason appears for re- valuable mineral deposit, as required by the laws of the United States. laxation of the rule adopted in the case of Whitaker vs. 8. P. RR. Co. The first point involves a question that this office will not undertake to (Copp, Sept., 1880), that patents should not issue to assignees except where ascertain or determine. Should patent issue for Colorado No. 2 claim, their right to patent in their own names is recognized by express statu- the Iron Silver Mining Company must protect its interests in the local tory provisions, patent in this case will issue to the applicants; and the courts. This office has always declined to pass upon the question herein motion of the party claiming to be assignee of a part interest in this raised prior to the issuance of patent. mine, that patent issue to him jointly with others, is overruled. Upon the second point, the protest, after stating that the Iron vein may Very respectfully, H. M. TELLER, Secretary. be followed underneath the surface of the Colorado No. 2, that such vein is the only one that can be followed within the limits of said location, and OFFICIAL STATEMENTS AND REPORTS. that such vein can not be found nearer the surface than about 450 feet, concludes, ‘‘ The only works of said applicants in or on said claim consist JOCUISTITA SILVER MINING COMPANY, MEXICO. of two shafts, one a discovery-shaft, so called, * *% 16 feet below the Messrs. Lounsbery & Haggin, of this city, have issued a very interest- surface ground, and the other a working-shaft, socalled, * * about 100 ing detailed table of monthly mine and mill expenses of this company: feet deep below the surface ground, and in neither of them has there ever which may well serve as a model. We can only give the totals for the been found any vein, lode, ledge, or mineral; said workings being en- period of May, 1880, to February, 1882, both inclusive : tirely in porphyry, at the top for about 15 feet in wash or slide porphyry, Mine Expense. and for the rest of the distance in solid porphyry in place.” The lan- 22 Months. guage quoted states a conclusion of fact without showing the means of EN v6.5 oi). KD MRA RUT S SUPE TEAS CESARE SRST RST Coes Ceeemel $124,513.45 EE orc su dibu neces SeCORLARRESREEK —tabaS. When eehwereaet 16,023.33 knowledge of the party attempting to recite such fact or the evidence ACCU so i.cut: aahee ein eee 5PSSShe uss Cedtaee sh eee® Sseen niece. 2,469.53 upon which it may be determined. The fact that the main incline of the NE foc Ghali nsenk thes ai eesesbiu cad. SRNDES Os ESSS0s 1,748.68 Iron mine workings has extended beyend the western end-lines of, and Seen ONE COUMOS SUNT, BBBE). 2.6 «0000 ccverdencsscnces cece ; 2,796.30 SEES Shieh she Seeeen ee esseun hebae oes ic pam ee bas eels Fhe 226.50 a short distance into, the Colorado No. 2 location at a depth below the EET L ohare SAPs RERak: AakeTSS ERS oaekabs ee Seewecratbeuakut 994.14 surface of more than 400 feet, is not conclusive that mineral was not dis- SN CLE kn Sc ceR Eris Weis NSee eo US EERVS DASE SR EN ES e pabe SEN eX 1,858.75 covered in the discovery-shaft—which is located near the eastern end PE circ eG Cath Ag mAh Sea euiews 708 Fine eek SESW ba he SESE we eels 1,706.70 PN cUcouetsiddunk cosbawtanceuesse akan 163.20 line—at a less depth than that assumed by the protest. Protestants must DE Tot te . wes Sonu eoa bas reak bees UAE e el ie Swan Reet aoe 104.25 show facts derived from cited investigations of applicants’ workings, and PE: cincks AER SL CT oI ua) THE AMOUNT OF OIL REMAINING IN PENNSYLVANIA AND NEW YORK.* cally end and crop out all across the oil section on the line shown above Tideoute. By Henry E. Wrigley, C.E., Philadelphia. Now there are four conditions necessary to the production of oil in quantity. The Boundaries of the Oil Region.—The boundaries of the oil region in 1st. The oil shale, which exists under the entire region, and far out- Pennsylvania and New York, as determined by the drill, embrace a much side of it at a red-hot depth in the earth. larger extent of territory than is generally supposed, being nearly 200 2d. Such vertical fissures, caused by upheavals in this secondary strata, miles in length from north to south, with an average width of 25 miles, as will allow the gas generated by the heat of the earth from these car- covering an area, within somewhat irregular lines, of about 4250 miles. bonaceous shales to escape upward to a point within say 2000 feet of After twenty years of development, we find these lines practically the the surface. same as those laid down by McClure in his geological map of the United 3d. Between this point and within say 100 feet of the surface, a cooler States, published in 1817, and denominated and colored by him as the reservoir, either of coarse pebble-rock or an aggregation of small fissures ‘line of salt,” which was found in quantity long before petroleum. i the gas and condense it, either with or without pressure, into The eastern line of the entire oil region lies in a northeast and south- oil. west direction, parallel to and some distance west of the Alleghany 4th. Over this reservoir there must be a solid cap or cover of rock, to Mountains ; the south line is substantially one drawn between the south- confine the products of the distillation. west corner of Butler County and the town of Kittanning in Armstrong In the entire region south of Tideout, the third or oil sand is traced County ; the west line passes up through Butler County, cutting off a readily by the record of the wells, and the known dip of the rock of small corner of Mercer, west of the towns of Franklin, Titusville, and about twenty feet to the mile, the level of the wells, if on a hill, being Warren, into New York State, where it rounds off the end of this long first taken from some known point. strip in the counties of Allegany and Cattaraugus, and joins the eastern In the entire region north of Tideout, the reservoirs are simply crevices, line, near Olean, New York, just north of thc city of Bradford. (See and have no reference to sands ; but the operator carrying his experience map.) of oil sand with him from below, drills his well down to a certain The eastern line, starting from Kittanning, passes through the north- close gray sand-rock as a guide. It is simply because he finds that the east corner of Clarion County, the southeast corner of Warren, cutting general horizon of the termination of the vertical fissures at the upper Forest County through the center, and reaching the before-mentioned end ogcurs in this particular line of strata. The gentleness of the waves extreme northeastern developments near Olean. These lines have been of strata at this point and the insignificance of the dip account for the taken broadly to include all ter- general regularity of the sand- ritory 7 that could ever ; possibly | Piemenen niacin ey rock. But great : perplexity : is — into the question as oil- r r 7 often —— by its occasional producing. i ! . irregularity. These lines, having been Ss‘! | S % This entire long oil section of 2 sae 9 he gr econo deel is tes ® drcden tata vorsnaeol pei structural reasons for their x E > ; » A ant R % rock and fissure territory respec- existence. The south line is i » ; RAG Gus! v\ K ' tively with the dividing-line of final because the oil-gathering i o¥ bh ‘ > \ the outcrop of the pebble-rock semeies - that ce —— ; os \ a little ea a — at such a depth, owing to the dip region may efined as tha of the role from the ae ae Ranrinanenengmnenninas d eee portion of Western Pennsyl- west, that the known tempera- ° \ BFyarren ne Bradford 1 vania and New York which, ture of the earth at that depth _ ae ie 1} A within the boundaries here de- precludes the existence of hy- ‘ rox ' N fined, possesses all the four re- drocarbons in any other than a 4 “ter nin ae 4 ' — mentioned for the pro- gaseous form. The string of = i rr’ Tidiout won % d duction of oil in quantity. On gas-wells from Leechburg to * A paper read at the Washington Meeting of the American Institute of Mining Engi- ’ *In Vol. J. of the Second Geological Report of Pennsylvania, fuller details of these nee rs. points can be found than the limits of this paper will permit. 316 THE ENGINEERING AND MINING JOURNAL. (JuNE 17, 1882. area, of not more than forty square miles, in the north part of Clarion THE PRODUCTION OF STEEL IN THE UNITED STATES IN 1881. County and vicinity, which may possibly be oil-bearing. There is left on the east side of the Alleghany, north of Oil City, all that part of Forest _ Bessemer Steel.—The total quantity of Bessemer steel ingots produced County lying west of the great east boundary, still a wilderness, con- | in the United States in 1881 was 1,539,157 net tons, or 1,374,247 gross taining 850 square miles of uncertain pebble-rock territory, good for tons. The production in 1880 was 1,203,173 net tons ; in 1879, 928,972 net shallow wells (in spots, of from 100 to 500 feet deep). There is left also | tons ; in 1878, 732,226 net tons. The increased production of 1881 over in the interstices, so to speak, of these larger areas, and scattered over 1880 was 335,984 net tons, or 28 per cent ; over 1879, it was 610,185 net tons, them, a number of small uninvestigated producing areas, which will, or 66 per cent ; and over 1878 it was 806,931 net tons, or 110 per cent. no doubt, be productive later to a small amount. The production of Bessemer steel ingots in this country in the ten years Any one who will give the subject candid consideration will not claim from 1872 to 1881 has been as follows, in net tons : 500 square miles of what may be called uncertain territory in the pebble- Years Net tons. | Years Net tons. rock division of the oil section ; and the amount of actual oil territory, DN ahines cine dh bheessakvesss ks ae Se SEE 5 S SeuGaxs Wassbewsnssceens 560,587 Tn Ghat Mavcssnenewenakesusenenoxte rrr ee 732,226 judging by the results of twenty years in the remaining 2600 square SE cineicavchogeuskeneceasasb cower 191,933 DMR ckscas atenWasnatenee SE TENSES SS rt SSS ES SESS ss sh reese hehehsche>prsoete inane Su amen Eg of open-hearth steel rails was 11,602 tons, or 85 per cent. In the produc- The following table gives the production in the United States of all tion of iron rails in 1881, there was a decrease of 5181 net tons upon the kinds of steel in fhe ten years from 1872 to 1882, in net tons : production of 1880, or about one per cent. The production of iron rails in this country must henceforth be annu- NET Tons. ally less than in either of the last two years. Iron rails can not hereafter YEars. ——— be made by our manufacturers in competition with steel rails, except Bessemer |Crucible steel) Open-hearth| All other | ‘Total steel ingots. ingots. steel ingots. steel. | me under the favorable circumstances which were explained in our annual ae ee eee See Mee eee Ea report for the year 1877, the principal favorable circumstance being the WE ovecace- a vrcen 120,108 29,260 3,000 q4e. | 160,108 comparative cheapness with which the old iron rails may be rerolled at Nis ce osccaseeds 170,652 +786 3,500 13,714 | 222,652 1874. 191,933 36,328 7,000 6,353 | 241,614 iron rail mills located in sections of the country where there are no steel We icin cawnde ved 375,517 39,401 9,050 12,607 | 436,575 rail mills. Their manufacture culminated in 1872, from which year it NI sista Racin oro strat 525,996 39,382 21,490 10,306 | 597,174 steadily declined until 1879, in which year and in the two following years aie i55 diniee Ss eche 560,587 40,430 25,031 11,924 | 637,972 MME hac Scie t aimietk soni ais 732,226 2,906 36,126 8,556 | 819,814 there was a partial recovery, in consequence of the inability of the steel RU sce ges | gag’972 56,780 56,290 5,464 | 1,°47,506 rail manufacturers to supply the demand for their product. This WO editsa ose nace | 1,203,173 72,424 12,953 8,465 | 1,397,015 inability no longer exists. The following table gives the production of iron POOR acarcsccsccicca] See 89,762 146,946 3,047 1,778,912 rails in the United States in each of the last twelve years, in net tons: i 1870. 1871. 1872. 1873. 1874. 1875. _ An increase in our production of steel from 160,108 net tons to 1,778,912 586,000 737,483 905,930 761,062 584,469 501,649 tons in ten years reads likea fable. The figures are, however, reliable. 1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. 1880. 1881. They undoubtedly record the greatest metallurgical achievement ever 467,168 332,540 322,890 420,160 493,762 488,581 accomplished by any country. Included in the production of 1,330,302 net tons of Bessemer steel rails in 1881 were 77,173 net tons which were produced mainly but not entirely from imported blooms. Eleven mills in Vermont, New York, THE WORLD'S PRODUCTION OF LEAD IN 1881. Pennsylvania, Ohio, Tennessee, Illinois, and California rolled Bessemer Herr Landsberg. the general manager of the famous Stolberg Company, steel rails from imported blooms. A few other mills have engaged to has, in an annual report to his company, given an estimate of the produc- roll rails from imported blooms in 1882. The business, however, can tion of lead in Europe for 1881. This estimate deserves attention, as the not be expected to increase largely, if, indeed, it does not actually painstaking care of Herr Landsberg and his facilities for the collection of decrease from this time forward. statistics make it as close as such data can be obtained at so early a date. The capacity of the Bessemer and open-hearth steel rail mills of the In many of the countries named. official statistics do not appear at all, or country is now much larger than it was a year ago, and is more than are issued two, three, or four years too late, so that they have little value equal to the present demand. If necessary, we could produce in 1882 commercially. not less than 1,500,000 gross tons of steel rails ; but it is doubtful whether The following is Herr Landsberg’s estimate for Europe : our product during the year will materially exceed that of 1881. Dos scare. nasal eatnawakeqeseers snakes macdeseoceste ue 120,000 metric tons. The following table will show approximately the consumption of all CN cc cceaxccdaacccnnadteewaanieca) ietedeeonan 000 Ks = kinds of rails in this country from 1867 to 1881, in net tons : RMI 855 35 ate. das, Barge e asia a Bou aa'e dee wad aea eae 37,000 ** I iaecaieis Sotijdatecoadacivaadnaunanennsibcdxxis-ccen 15,000 . * DUNE ase es eacencncAcm eanicondeinwbe, ocapuTe liaceneen 10,000 * * | Made in Imported. | ; Neston cca ne caciasednaes suaenn doadieaazeeencene 9,000 = ° wn | United |——-———| Chigumption. MMI erat piadetceet wags sane amandeey mains Rant edawaislemanis 8,000 =“ “ | ; Iron. | Steel. PII as Ses tiedccakese -saneaacws duvaaeucazaeuacuen 6,000 *“ “ aaah aicirdta sinc wsdiedecegendddeenvaededy ¢ ecesmens 500 ? “ We ere Sn aaah inea 462,108 163,049 625,157 BR enc ence tee ee eee | 506,714 250,081 756,795 326,500 OS a acter eee 503,586 313,163 906,749 Herr Landsberg estimates the production of the United States at 110,- MME ec See dan earns Bae ce | 620,000 399,153 | 1,019,153 ME acs ceea sone oe asaeemigas: 5,7 566,202 | 1,341,935 000 tons, which is probably very near the mark. As the output of Mex- Rene ce ek twas Dirk ie Mane | 1,000,000 | 381,064/149,786 | 1,530,850 ico, South America, Canada, and Australia is small, it is probably safe to ce he ee eet | 890,077 | 99,201/159,571} 1,148,849 assume that the world’s procuction is about 440,000 tons of lead. This MED facta ee te aie ee ane nan | 729,413 | 7,796)100,515 | 837,724 Rant yee NN eae aac comraee | 792,512 | 1,174! 18,274 | 811,960 does not include China, which is a heavy consumer of lead and is not un- DD sisscsrkescsscescccnsescccespssisas ian?) - an 879,916 likely a producer of some importance, nor does it include Japan, for ens ads macy eee note | 764,709 | None 35 | 764,744 whose output we have no figures. It will be seen, therefore, that the Be SI Ne ere ee an 2.685 | None | 10 882,695 United States take second rank among the lead-producing countries of WER oe ora or eae | 1,113,273 | 19,090) 25,057; 1,157,420 STN GROG eA SAN a Cpe OG 1,461,837 | 132,459/158,230 1,752,526 the world; and if Spain, which has declined of late years, goes on falling ABBY cocci oieeesccccccsccsevseeesccsevessss| ME ROO> | IS7OIS REO B00) Bean.ans off this year, or we keep up our present rate of annual increase, the end of 1882 will bring the United States to the position of the greatest In round numbers, we may be said to have consumed 2,000,000 gross lead-producer in the world. We are now consuming about one fourth of tons of rails in 1881. To fully realize how enormous is this consumption, the entire world’s production, and ought soon to be able to supply the a simple calculation will show that these 2,000,000 tons are sufficient to wants of some of our neighbors. lay a single track 22,727 miles long with 56-pound rails. Or, in default of fuller information, we may compare our consumption of Bessemer GENERAL MINING NEWS. steel rails alone in 1881 with that of some other country in the same year. Of the production of 1,023,740 gross tons of Bessemer steel rails by Great ARIZONA. Britain in 1881, there were exported 594,419 tons, leaving 429,321 tons for CoPpPpER QUEEN.—At the 250 level of this mine, a strong body of water was home consumption. The United States, however, imported 222,597 gross recently encountered, below which the copper ore increased in richness, changing partially to red and black oxides. The daily product continues at about 13 tons tons of steel rails (probably all Bessemer) in addition to the 1,187,770 gross of ingot copper per day, and it is said the lower workings show some large ore- tons of Bessemer steel rails produced at home, thus making its total con- reserves. sumption of these rails 1,410,367 tons. The United States in 1881, there- TOMBSTONE DISTRICT. fore, used 981,046 tons of these rails more than Great Britain. Little is reported concerning the mines of this district, further than that the Crucible, Open-Hearth, Blister, and Miscellaneous Steel.—The pro- developments are progressing as usual, and that the bullion returns are very duction of crucible steel ingots in the United States in 1881 was 89,762 satisfactory. The reports from some of the newer mines of the district, notably net tons, against 72,424 tons in 1880 and 56,780 tons in 1879. Seven the Bob Ingersoll and the Randoiph, ure of avery satisfactory nature. In the States made crucible steel in 1881—Massachusetts, Connecticut, New former of these mines, a — body of very high-grade ore has been disclosed, York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Illinois. Pennsylvania, as which, upon further development, promises to assume larger proportions, The has been the case for many years, made in that year about three fourths Randolph, which employs — 25 miners, is hoisting about seven tons per day, and developing well. There is little new with regard to the of the total production, mines owned by the Tombstone Company, the daily shipments to the mill being The production of open-hearth steel ingots in the United States in 1881 about sixty tons. The working force in the Tough Nut mine has been reduced. was 146,946 net tons, against 112,953 tons in 1880, and 56,290 tons in 1879. The Grand Central continues to yield a large amount of good ore. The Head Our open-hearth steel industry has made a rapid advance in late years. Center Company has given notice of an appeal from the decision of Judge Still- In 1874, our total weteenen of open-hearth steel ingots was only 7000 well. The Epitaph says: This dispute is a novel one, and is attracting much net tons. Rapid, however, as our progress in the production of this class attention from mining lawyers and mine-owners. Throughout the Head Center of steel has been, we still fall far behind the production of Great Britain. and Contention claims, the vein in dispute has been eromanay explored. Its general course has been made apparent by these explorations. Two faults of the In 1881, that country produced 338,000 gross tons, or 378,560 net tons, of vein are found within the Contention claim at points, and can be seen upon the open-hearth steel. surface. The course of the vein is nearly north and south, and at depth it dips Eight States made open-hearth steel in 1881—New Hampshire, Vermont, toward the west. Where the vein crosses the Tranquillity line, it continues, as Massachusetts, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Tennessee, and Illinois. far as seen, on its general course, maintained throughout the Head Center and These States had 38 open-hearth furnaces at work in 1881 and 4 furnaces Contention claims. In the suit between the Tranquillity and Head Center com- idle. Rhode Island and Kentucky each had one open-hearth furnace in panies, which was decided by Judge Stillwell, it was contended by the Head 1881 which was not in operation. The total number of open-hearth Center Company that it had the right to mine the vein on its dip from all points where its top or apex was within the Head Center ground, furnaces in the country in 1881 was 44. thus claiming the right to mine the vein across and within the side- The production of blister and puddled steel and of “‘ patented” steel in line of the nquility. On the other hand, it was contended by the 1881 was only 3047 net tons, against 8465 tons in 1880, and 5464 tons in Tranquillity Company that, as the ledge crossed their side-lines, the same became 1879. These branches scarcely deserve a separate classification. the end-lines of this company, and that it had title under its patent to all that All Kinds of Steel.—The following table gives the production in the portion of the ledge included within. vertical drawn downward a United States of crucible steel ingots, blister steel, and steel made by such end-lines. It was also contended by the Tranquillity Company that the various minor processes, from 1865 to 1881, in net tons: dividing line between the Head Center and Tranquillity was an end-line for the Head Center claim, and that the Head Center Company had no right to mine the | { | vein north of a vertical plane drawn through this line. The positions taken by Years. Net tons. | Years. | Net tons, | Years. Net tons. the Tranquillity Company were sustained by Judge Stillwell, and the jud therefore instructed the jury that, as there was no dispute as to the course of | lee | vein, the jury must find a verdict for the plaintiff, which it ae did. In | eee 15,262 1871 37,000 1877 52,354 portion of the Tranquillity inside its own lines will be regu- Ee 18,973 1872 | ,000 1878 51,462 the mean time, that | ee 19,000 1873 48,500 1879 62,244 larly worked. : s = Se 21,500 1874 42,681 1880 80,889 GrRaRD.—The stockholders of the Girard Gold and Silver Mining Company 23,000 | 1875 52,008 1881 92,809 held their annual meeting on the 13th inst., at Camden, N. J. The.reports of the er 35,000 | 1876 49,688 ames wawine board of directors, the superintendent and the treasurer were read. m them | | it was ascertained that the mill of the company, containing twenty stamps, is 318 THE ENGINEERING AND MINING JOURNAL. [JUNE 17, 1882. ee in good working order. It worked up all the company’s ore in a couple of put as soon as the small concentrator now erecting is started up. A 12-inch months, and then stopped for a while. It is now grinding with the ore of other pump is to be put in, to handle the water. companies in the vicinity, and nets from ten to twelve thousand dollars a month | The Amie is developing a fine ore-body in adrift run from the old Deer Lodge thereby. This company owns the water-power in the Tombstone District, and shaft, and connecting with No. 5. The ore is continuous thus far in the drift, will be able to make a pretty good thing out of it, as the reports said. The and promises to extend to the west line, or the entire width of the claim ; in receiptsof the company last year were $171,478.92, and there is a balance of which case, the prospects of its being caught in the Little Pittsburg new or No. $154.86 in the treasury. The entire debt is placed at $78,121.40. Of the 250,000 9 shaft are excellent. shares authorized, all have been disposed of. The company’s claim covers cver Owing to the difficulty in bandling the water, progress on the Roberts shaft of eleven acres, and of this surface but a small portion in the northwestern section the Chrysolite is limited to about four feet a week. has been worked. It is said the ore in the lower part of the claim is richer. It Little Pittsburg official report for the week ended June 8th shows : Ore shipped, was stated that the reason why the company was not working its own ore was 171 tons; no settlements. Balance shipped and unsettled for, 412 tons. because it could not be produced fast enough in paying quantities. It was The Grant Smelting Company continues to receive ore that had been contracted decided to appoint a committee of three to audit the accounts of the treasurer, for previous to the fire, notwithstanding the fact that the new works will proba- and the incoming board was requested to arrange, if possible, to use one third bly be erected in Denver. It is estimated that it has about $1,000,000 worth of of the net receipts for the development of the mine and to pay the debt with ore on the dump. the balance. The following named gentlemen were chosen directors for the ensu- The lessees on the Big Pittsburg, who are working through the Bates and Pear- ing year: Messrs. Hamilton Disston, William H. Wright, William H. Tater, son shafts, have made some small shipments of good ore, and the Heytrosser and Wilson Lloyd, J. F. Bailey, William Cochrane, and Charles Disston. Lent shafts have now been leased, and will be worked. EMPIRE DISTRICT. SAN JUAN COUNTRY. TotaL WreEcK.—The mine is now opened to a depth of 325 feet, by an incline PALMETTO.—The superintendent reports, June 3d, that the third level, south, is shaft following the dip of the ledge, which is about thirty-five degrees to the in 445 feet—no pay ore in breast. Fourth level in 353 feet—some scattered pay south. The main shaft is a double compartment. The foot-wall is the floor of ore ; fifth level, cross-cut, in 102 feet ; fifth level, south, in 5 feet—ore 10 inches ; this incline, and only so much of the ore was removed from the ledge as was second level, south, in 3 feet—ore 24 in ches. During the week, 124 tons of ore necessary to make and timber it, and although the vein is cut from eight to ten were delivered at the mill. In the second level, there are some good bodies of feet in width, a large body of rich ore still remains on the hanging-wall, which ~ and in the fifth level the ore struck on the 3d inst. is arsenical iron, and looks in one place has been cross-cut sixteen feet, and in another place twenty-one feet. well. Stations will be placed at every fifty feet of the incline-shaft. At present, they Dr. 8. C. Eaton, of Messrs. Torrey & Eaton, consulting metallurgists of this are 100 feet apart; and at each station, drifts have been run on the ledge to | city, has returned recently from a visit to the San Juan country. Weare determine the extent of the ore-body and to prepare for extracting it. The first indebted to him for the following details: In the Marshall basin, Dr. Eaton or 105-foot level has 230 feet of drifts, more than one half of which is ore ; the | visited the Mendota, which is on the same vein as the Sheridan, Smuggler, 212-foot level has 250 feet of drifts, allin ore; on the 325-foot level, the drift | Union, Cleveland, and Cimarron. The Mendota has a 2!4-foot vein carrying was run from a winze southeast of the shaft, and has not yet reached the shaft. | sulphides of zine, iron, lead, and gray copper, and has good bodies of ore in each It is 90 feet in length, and is yet 20 feet from the shaft. A tunnel has been run | of the levels. The main shaft is 100 feet deep, and north a block of ground of into the hill, cutting the shaft at the 212-foot level, and has a length of 244 feet. | 40 by 20 feet has been stoped out. The Mendota has shipped about 45 tons, Winzes have been sunk between the levels, which show large bodies of ore. At | which it is said netted from 378 to $400 a ton at Ouray. In this district, the mouth of the main shaft, on the top of the hill, are located the hoisting- | the Mendota was working, and the Sheridan had just let a contract. The works, but recently completed. Double reels are driven by double engines of | Smuggler has a strong 2 to 3-foot quartz vein, with bunches of rich ores anda thirty horse-power aggregate capacity, The ore-car, after reaching the mouth | streak of auriferous ore inthe foot-wall. The mine is opened by a 97 and a 125- of the incline, will run on a tramway a short distance to a covered ore-chute and foot shafc located 230 feet from each other, and a level in all 475 feet long, be emptied, The ore will descend a distance of seventy feet to the ore-house in ; with a cross-cut of 210 feet. close proximity to the mill. The twenty-stamp mill, now in course of construc- | Dr. Eaton examined also the mines of the Ouray Union Mining Company, ou tion, is to be a model affair. It is pushing to completion under the direction of | Bear Creek. The main veiu is the Union, which runs parallel to the range, its William Armstrong, formerly of Virginia City. | southwestern extension being the Standard. Parallel to the Union, at a distance of 60 to 70 feet from it, is the Junction veiu. Both are crossed by the Monitor CALIFORNIA. | vein. A drift on the latter struck the Junction 70 feet in, and 200 feet in it A Bodie dispatch, dated June 14th, says : | crosses the Union, 30 or 40 fect beyond which the Monitor shows some signs of During the past week, Standard Consolidated extracted 1521 tous of ore, and improvement. The Union vein has a width of about 5 feet, and dips 75 to 80 de- shipped to the company $19,654. The water in the shaft has been lowered to | grees, pitching south. The Monitor ranges from 214 to 3 feet. At the junction the 1100 station. The east cross-cut, 1000 level, isin 750 feet, and the south of the two, a mass of low-grade ore was found, and the Monitor at that point was drift from the same level is 200 feet long, with the vein-matter five feet wide. a little broken, but became solid beyond it, improving in the grade and quantity There is no change in the upper levels. of ore. Bodie Consolidated crushed the past week 92 tons ; average sss7y value, $65. DAKOTA. Bullion shipped, $8300. Winze No. 17 is down 83 feet. Guugways have been CaLEponia, B. H.—The superintendent reports, June 3d: ‘The winze was started at the 670 level, each six feet long, and both showing very rich ore in advanced six feet for week, and is now down 114 feet—the depth required. the face. All the workings in the mine are looking well. The Lent shaft is Have started cross-cutting east from bottom of winze, to connect with vertical down 960 feet. shaft, and also started three drifts from shaft this morning. The Noonday and North Noonday drift along the foot-wall of the ledge on the DuRanGO.—-Referring to this mine, the Deadwood Fioneer says: It is located 275 iacline level is in 38 feet south and 40 feet north. This was thought to be a about half a mile west of the Homestake mine, on the north side of Main street, barren portion of the vein, but much rich ore has been encountered in both Lead City. The mine is nothing but a wash, and here, for a distance of about directions. 200 feet long and 20 feet wide, has accumulated in pockets of a gold-bearing In the Goodshaw, drifts are running north and south on the vein-matter. cement, which contains pay, or rather which contains pay for the sharpers who By mail, operations for the week ended June 3d are officially reported as can sell Durango stock to Eastern gentlemen anxious to invest their wealth in follows : mines. There is no sign of a vertical vein in the tunnel run, and the bed-rock is CONSOLIDATED Paciric.—North drifts from the cross-cuts at the intermediate as zigzagged as forked lightning. Wherever this bed-rock pitches, there can be level on both Pacific lodes, Nos. 1 and 2, will be started. found gold, and here was where miners were led to believe that a true vein had Noonpay.—The east cross-cut from the 275-foot level of the joint-incline of been found, but it only took about six feet of digging to convince them of the the Noonday and North Noonday mines, reached the foot-wall of the vein on the fallacy of the idea. As the tunnel was run to the north, it encountered a bill, 30th ult. The ground for a switch has been cut at the end of the cross-cut, and a | and barren rock was struck. This is easily explained ; the miners had got be- drift started south. This drift is eleven feet in length. The ore found above in yond the pocket where at some remote period in the past the gold had been the cross-cuts from the winze was several feet from the foot-wall. The accumulated by arunning stream. All talk about the ore going frcm $12 to uartz next to the foot-wall, where the vein was reached by the cross-cut from $14 a ton is an unmitigated falsehood ; it does nothing of the kind. By this, un- the incline, shows an improvement over that found in the same relative position derstand that the whole lengtb of the tunnel must be taken into account, and not in the workings from the winze. They are now drifting south and north. the small pockets where bed-rock pitches that will run that high. RED CLoupD.—The formation in the 700-foot level, east cross-cut, now 152 feet FATHER DE SMET.—The superintendent reports for the week ended June Ist, in, is of a favorable character. Stringers of quartz are cut every few days. that 1300 tens of ore were extracted from first level, 2000 tons from second The pumps are making about 5% strokes per minute. Work has been resumed level, and 200 tons from third level. During the week, 3500 tons of ore were in sinking the shaft. milled. The north end tunnel is in 609 feet, the west cross-cut tramway level is CANADA. in 191 feet, the Golden Gate cross-cut is in 98 feet, and the Gold Gate header is in PROVINCE OF ONTARIO. oon yer The Golden Gate rise No. 2 is up 46% feet, and Justice drift is in iy eet. We have very satisfactory reports from the Canada Consolidated Gold Mining | HOMESTAKE.—An extensive cave occurred in the Homestake open cut on the Company, whose extensive works and mines are at Deloro, Ont. The works, | 9th inst. It is estimated that many tons of ore feil. As the cave was anticipated, after the usual delays in getting new macbinery into working order, has made a | and great care exercised, no one was burt. A second cave occurred on the 11th trial run of about a dozen tons of ore. The crushing in Cornish rolls, the roast- inst., when about 50 tons fell. The Homestake Company is beginning a survey ing in revolving cylinder, and the chlorination in the Mears chlorinator, were all for the extension of its railroad to Rapid City and Deadwood, a distance of 45 very successfully accomplished. The ore, assayed in ton lots, ran much above miles. The road will be pushed to a speedy completion. the averages found in the original thorough tests of the property, and given in the engineers’ reports. The chlorination was also more successful than then MICHIGAN. counted on, the tailings showing an extraction of about 95 per cent. Since every From the Ontonagon Miner of the 3d inst. we take the following : operation in the treatment of these ores has now again been successfully per- CaLuMeT & HEcLa.—lhe monster engine just erected at this mine bas been formed, and the good quality of the ore again demonstrated, there appears no started to work, and every thing found to move off satisfactorily. We learn question of the success of this enterprise. It is proposed to increase the roasting | that the company has decided to hang up one head of Ball stamps for the season, and cblorinating capacity to equal that of the concentrating-mill. The Plattner which will have the effect of hmiting the monthly product to about and Mears methods of chlorinating will be thoroughly tested, and their re!ative 1500 or 1600 tons. The underground look of the mine never was better than at advantages demonstrated. Upon the results of these practical tests under iuenti- the present time. cal conditions will depend the final adoption of one or both of these processes. A NaTIoNAL.—Work of draining this mine is progressing favorably, but neces- few months more should give the comp2ny substantial returns. sarily slowly. They are now down below the 70 and 80-fathom level). and are fortunate in finding the ground around the shaft in a little better condition than COLORADO. | many places above. Their present work is taking up the temporary track of the From Leadville, we have the following items : last 100 feet, and laying down the permanent road-bed and rails. In the new The rumored erection of a smelter by the Iron Silver Company is not likely to shaft on the north vein, every thing is promising, the vein producing good be carried out. Mr. Stevens, who owns the controlling interest in the stock, is stamp-rock, which is the peculiar character of the vein. opposed to the plan, and his wishes are likely to be regarded in the matter. The company recently closed a contract, involving the delivery of 6000 tons of ore a MONTANA. month, with the Grant Smelting Company, delivery to begin about June Ist, HEcLA.—This company, which owns about twenty claims in the vicinity cf which does not look as if it intended to treat its own ores. Glendale, is about to erect a concentrator, with a daily capacity of one hundred The concentrating-works erected by the American Smelting Company at its tons. Such of the company’s mines as are worked are yicldirg over sixty tons Little Ellen mine, while very well designed and constructed, are not a success, per day of carbonate and galeraore. The works at Glendale, consisting of a for the reason that a large and increasing factor in the value of the ore is the smelter of two furnaces, are running steadily. gold, which the concentrator does not save ; and the company has consequently ALIcE.---The following information regarding the progress of developments found it more profitable to ship the ore to its smelter just as it comes from the in this company’s properties is obtained from the Jnter-Mountain: The mine. superintendent has let two contracts for work on the 700-foot level—one The Robert E. Lee is shipping about 60 tons of ore daily, of which the greater to extend the east drift 100 feet, giving it a total length of 127 feet from the part goes to the Tabor and Taylor & Brunton mills, and about 15 tons to the cross-cut, and the other to run a north and south cross-cut from the face of the Golden works. Large ore-reserves are developing in this mine. east drift to the extreme limits of the ledge. These will be important develop- The Wolf Tone is shipping from 15 to 20 tons a day, and wil] increase the out- ments, and will probably open up a good ore. As to the further sinking of the JUNE 17, 1882.) THE ENGINEERING AND MINING JOURNAL. 319 main shaft, no definite decision has yet been made. It is probable, bowever | LEADVILLE DISTRICT. Bee tf that within a short time a new shaft will be sunk on the Alice property, and its | John E. Iszard, J. C. Brower, and John A. Babb, Iszard lode. John Z, Walker, location will be largely determined by the character of the developments now | James Means, and Robert A. Kirker, Forest Queen lode. Peter Finerty and going on in all parts of the Alice and Magna Charta. In any event, the pur- Richard Dillon, Frenchman lode. J. K. Hornish, William Graff, A. C. Graff, chase of a Cornish pump has been decided upon, so that the future deep mining and William S. McNair, Caledonia lode. Mathilda Assig, Lines Groo, Laura of the company will be conducted on a cheaper and safer basis than before. Hoelke, Rosa Hoelke, and Kate Laveck, Little Troubadour lode. David D. Bel- The Magna Charta is looking exceptionally well in all its workings. -The 500- den, Blake lode. Charles 8. Stettaner, Levi Wilson, and Edward Fenlan, Mon- foot station in the main shaft bas been opened, and the north cross-cut is in 50 tour lode. Erastus F. Hallack, Little Nell lode. 0. H. Harker and Joseph C. feet. Cross-cutting south has just started. At the station, a new pump, having | Wilson, Little Ollie lode. Andrew McBride, F. Fagan, John Donnelly, and H. a capacity of 200 gallons per minute, has been placed in position, so that there is | W. Canney, First National lode. Charles H. Collins, Fitz Hugh lode. Edward no likehhood of any trouble from water. In the upper levels, development is A. Washburn and William D. Rippey, Last Chance lode. George C. Steele, progressing as usual. from the face of the 400-foot cross-cut on the north vein, John B. Milan, William H. Hume, and John C. Hume, Excelsior lode. J. R. drifts have been run ¢: si 20 feet, and west 100 feet, following a three-foot vein Hornish and William Graff, Graff lode. J. Henry Weil and George F. Batchel- of good ore, The s‘cp‘s in this level are looking well. On the first and second | der, J. H. W. iode. John Coleman, Mary Alsberg, John T. Peters, and Dennis te ene SoS teiee south veins, on the 4.0-foot level, the drifts and stopes show an abundance of | Kenyon, Mary Alsberg lode. Marion A. Bowen, Tom Hamilton lode. Rachael ore, assaying from $25 to $75 per ton, and averaging about $38 per ton. On the S. Goff and Walter H. Jones, placer. D. H. Andrews, A. H. Andrews, and Abra- 300-foot level, the east and west drifts from the face of the north cross-cut have ham Ashbaugb, Old Stonewall lode. Charles B. Farwell, Park lode. M. E. a total length of 600 feet, and in the east drift particularly the stopes are very Smith, Red Head lode. roductive, and the ore is of good grade. The south cross-cut, 300-foot | evel, has penetrated the three south veins, and east and west on each | PUEBLO DISTRICT. one of them drifts are extending, generally with successful results, J. O. Voorhies, John N. Irwin, and Osborn B. Keith, Lone Star No. 2 lode, though occasionaliy the ore-bodies in places are broken up and low-grade. The richest ore yet discovered in the Magna Charta was struck recently in a winze | CALIFORNIA. from the 200-foot level on the ee of the third south vein. The winze . BODIE DISTRICT. is seventy-nine feet deep and is sinking to connect with the level below, where | Charles Adams, placer. splendid bodies of ore have been uncovered but can not be worked on account of | LOS ANGELES DISTRICT. bad air. Several samples taken have given gratifying results. Ephraim W. Morse, Oriflamme mine and mill-site. NEVADA. MARYSVILLE DISTRICT. COLUMBUS DISTRICT. R. F. Denick, Bloomingdale quartz mine. W. Gregory and John Welch, Official letters, dated June 3d, are as follows : placer. Mount D1asLo.—The general appearance of this mine is much the same as at | SACRAMENTO DISTRICT. the time of last report. Some good ore has been taken from the uprise nearly | north of the shaft on the second level. It still shows improvement, and the | William Dewitt, Dewitt quartz mine No. 2, Dewitt quartz mine No. 1. L. T. prospect is good for more ore which assays from $55 to $67 per ton, The south | Silvester, Silvester quartz mine. A. J. Sargent, Sargent quartz mine. A. Wal- cross-cut from the east drift on the first level is in 151 feet. rath, R. C. Walrath, Joseph Thomas, C. E. Hatch, and M. A. Sterling, Thomas NORTHERN BELLE.—The improvement in the ninth level, wentioned in the geld quartz miue. J. Rothgeb, Sr., Ambrosia quartz mine. Thomas Faser, John report, still continues. There is an excellent body of ore on this level, which has ). A. Bollard, Robert H. Redd, and Robert Coidid, placer. been drifted into a distance of frum 35 to 40 feet, and has shown an average SHASTA DISTRICT. width of 4 feet. Assays from the ore range from $100 to $200 per ton. The N. Lorenz and Jacob Leiorandt, Hanson gold placer mine. Charles E. Owen, present width of the ore-body can not be ascertained, as the whole face of the placer. Lavid Evans, placer. Trinity River Canal and Hydraulic Company, drift isin ore. About 68 tons of ore are taken out every day. The teams placer. H. Juunkins, placer. . engaged in hauling ore were taken off on Sunday last, and preparations are now in progress for delivering the ore at the mill by rail. Meanwhile, such ore as is SLOCKTON DISTRICT. taken out will be stored in the mine. There will be no stoppage of the mill, , Samuel Danna Kollins, Indian gold and silver quartz mine. W. N. Harris there being about 1000 tons of ore on hand. Bullion shipments amounted to | Mazeppa quartz mine. John Sargent, placer. August Wiedekind, placer. $21,139.87 for the week ended May 29th, and aggregate $54,845.16 on May | SUSANVILLE DISTRICT. account to the same date. There is one more shipment of about $15,000 to be | J. M. Bernard, William W. Lavercool, Miliard W. Lavercool, R. Lavercool, made on the May account. A. Cameron, and James Brewer, American Extension quartz mine. THE COMSTOCK LODE. | DAKOTA. Latest mail advices from the Comstock, under date of June 6th, are as follows : | MEXICAN.—The winze sunk 12 feet east of the ore-body found on the 2700 DEADWOOD DISTRICT. level is cutting some stringers of ore. It is found that this deposit is turning John Fortune, Baltic lode. Benjamin F. Ferris, Erwin G. Phillips, Freeman downward and may yet pitch west. Thisis considered a good indication. West Phillips, aud Jacob Hook, Uncle Sam lode. Soolder Mining Company, Old cross-cut No. 2 on this level is still cutting streaks of ore, and the same is the case Sanson lode and mill-site, Lake lode and wiill-site. Erwin G. Dudley, John on the west cross-cut on the 2900 level. Burnham, Josiah H. Gordon, and Stephen Geis, placer. UNION CONSOLIDATED.—An uprise is making from the north drift on the 2600 level of the Union toa point 30 or 40 feet from the south line of the Sierra MONTANA. Nevada. It has encountered the continuation of the deposit of ore found on the | HELENA DISTRICT. 2500 level. They have passed through some 15 feet of quartz, have five or six Joel W. Ransom and Stanislas E. Hirbour, Mat lode. Joel W. Ransom and feet of milling ore, and are not yet through the — It appears to widen and the heirs of Mathias Charpentier, Adelaide lode. John McLaggan, George W. grow stronger to the northward. It is thought the deposit will reach into the Stapleton, James G. Spoutt, and Charles O. Fuller, Wabash lode. illiam Sierra Nevada. They will extract over 600 tons of ore this week. The south Chumasero and Walter F. Chadwick, Red Mountain Central lode. Philip drift of the 200 level is finding streaks of low-grade quartz. Knabe, Humboldt lode and mill-site. Benjamin C. Brooke, Albert G. Clarke, NEW MEXICO. John C. Corbin, and Isaac N. Buck, Charleston lode. Thomas B. Weller, Loren A dispatch to the New York Tribune, from Lake Valley, N. M., June 9th, is as Clark, Lewis Burt, and Mary Ann Davidson, placer. W. Egbert Smith, Henry follows: A party of Eastern capitalists, in company with prominent members of C. Kessler, Richard S. Jones, John F. Forbis, and Armistead H. Mitchell, Jersey the Philadelphia syndicate which controls the noted Sierra mines of Lake Blue lode. Timothy E. Collins and Charles Seibrecht, placer. Hokan Johnson, Valley, arrived here this morning and spent the day examining the Sierra Plata Charles M. Larsen, and Charies A. Larsen, placer. Chester W. Higley, Daniel and Sierra Grande mines, and the new mill which has just been completed. The C. Corbin, and Anton M. Holter, placer. Albert Kleinschmidt, placer. mill was started this morning and works as smoothly as a clock. It is a double UTAH. mill, arranged to run 20 stamps, 16 pans, and 8 settlers, and cost $100,000. It is SALT LAKE CITY DISTRICT. built on the most improved plan, and so economically arranged that with eleven employés from 60 to 100 tons can be milled daily. The Sierra group of Oquirrh Gold Mining and Milling Company, National Greenback lode, Do- mines covers an area of one square mile, which is dotted with numerous outcrop- mingo lode, Champion lode, Flyer lode. T. P. hundy and A. M. Harman, Lion pings of rich silver ore. Developments on the Plata and Grande are limited No. 2lode. Lorin Farr, Enoch Farr, and John Boyle, Snow Flake lode. John thus far to an extensive cut into the outcroppings and shafts from 40 to 125 feet J. Daly, Sandy lode. deep at differeut points, including a joint shaft between the Plata and Grande, OREGON. which penetrates a marvelous ore-body in what is called the ‘‘ Bridal Chamber.” ROSEBERG DISTRICT. This body of ore has been followed over 70 feet, and is from 10 to 30 feet thick. R. H. Rosa and Abram Rose, placer. It is so rich and porous that at many points a candle-flame will melt it into silver globules. From the working-shaft of the Grande, the vein dips distinctly toward the Plata. Professor Silliman, the eminent mineralogist of Yale College, to-day The claim of James W. Rose upon the Gray Eagle lode, Survey No. 532, estimated the ore in one mine and piled on the dump at 5000 tons, of an aver- Denver, Colo., because a portion of the applicant’s survey is within grounds age assay value of 100 ounces, and the sacked ore in the storehouse at 250 tons, already patented to the Iowa & California Consolidated Mining Company. When averaging 1000ounces. The examination of the Bella and Apache, the two this correction is made in the survey, the examination of the case will be pro- remaining mines owned by the syndicate, will be completed to-morrow. ceeded with in the General Land Office. Before patent can be issued for the Adelphi Icde, Nevada, an amendment must be made to the survey, excluding the portions of the Valk and Piantout i PATENTS TO BE PROMULGATED FROM THE GENERAL LAND-OFFICE, MAY 6. and Maria lodes, embraced in the Adelphi placer, as determined by the district court. COLORADO. The field-notes of Survey No. 407, A and B, for the claim of the Palmetto Con- : CENTRAL CITY DISTRICT. solidated Mining and mages Company upon the Ruby Queen lode and mill-site, ws Lake City, Mineral Entry 195, Coiorado, are returned for correction, because the | George R. Williamson, Gray Copper lode. Atlantic & Pacific Tunnel Com- determinations for magnetic variation are rendered practically worthless by pany, Great Western lode and mi -site, Sonora lode and mill-site, Bonn lode and reason of local attraction and electrical disturbances. Surveyor-General Johnson mill-site. Hiram R. Johnson, Pheenix lode and mill-site. Clear Creek Mining is directed to amend the survey as follows : Assume the variation at the corner and Improvement Company, Danable lode. T. X. Aicher, Valentine Geib, H. where the disturbance is least, to be the true variation, and let this govern F. Swanson, and John Johnson, Mint lode. C. P. Baldwin and Dana W. Harts- throughout the entire survey, care being taken to give at each corner the interior horn, Pacific lode. Rollins Gold and Silver Mining Company, Wallace lode, angles, as determined independently of the needle. Ezra White lode, Silver lode, Tonawanda lode, Benton lode, Detroit lode, placer. he claim of Marcus W. Rasback upon the Oregon lode and mill site, Mineral Z. Adams Willard, Emma No. 2 lode and mill-site. Joseph Lee, Free Trade lode. : Entry No. 1654, lot No. 1070, A and B, Iowa and Banner Mining District, Clear John Needham, Grantham lode. The Equator Mining and Smelting Company, Creek County, Colorado, because the survey does not show the claim to be ‘‘ sub- Pluto lode and mill-site. West Rip Van Winkle Silver Mining Company, West stantially a parallelogram,” as required by rulings of the department; and until Rip Van Winkle lode. J. S. Reid, Caledonia lode. Charles D. B. Mills, Oro | the Surveyor-General corrects this error, no patent can be is:ued. Extension lode. Henry E. Loane and John Tormay, Burr lode. The claim of William Norris et al., upon the Experiment lode, Mineral Entry LAKE CITY DISTRICT. No. 673, lot No. 1551, California Mining District, Lake Co., Colorado, is delayed Mathew D. Crow, H. C. Griffin, J. H. Scott, and Aldridge Corder, Blue Grass because of the following facts : The conflict existing between the Experiment lode. i Loeb, Rolla lode, Hurricane lode, Bullion Jode. John H. Mana- lode and the ‘‘ Ida and Alice” lodes has not been shown upon the plat or referred ghan and W. C. Lewman, Humboldt lode and mill-site, Philadelphia lode and to in the field-notes. Filed with the “ee in the case is a notice of withdrawal mill-site, Eastern Star lodeand mill-site. M. M. Engleman, L. C. Thompson, and abandonment, <4 the applicants for patent for the Experiment lode, of all James R. McKay, John T. McAuley, Daniel Wheeler, and Joshua H. Putnam, that portion of the Experiment lode which is in conflict with the Ida and Alice Sunny Side lode. J. H. Sisson.and W. B. Feland, Raleigh lode. Keystone Hy- lodes, said conflict being described by metes and bounds. (As shown by the draulic Mining Company, placer. Charles C. Clemmons, Thomas M. Trippe, and ‘ Register’s final certificate of entry,” the Experiment lode contains 4°94 acres of FIA AYEERIE EI RN et WR John Monroe, placer. John S. Hough, H. M. Woods lode. J. H. Wiospear, | surface ground.) The notice of withdrawal, and plat and fieid-notes, are returned ill-site. to the Surveyor-General, in order that the existing conflict and exclusion may be 320 THE ENGINEERING AND MINING JOURNAL. [JUNE 17, 1882. | come lying — of i the buried shale 20,000 feet be- ngr~. s with but trifling exceptions low, and condense in the pebble- Vf sale ot Nes outside. Up to that time, but rocks under a solid cap or cover ' "Der 394 square miles, or about 25,- of unbroken rock 1500 feet tai ee 000 acres, of this area had been thick, where the drill tapped it found to be actual producing in the form of oil. But where territory by the sinking of nearly the rolls of the strata were so 11,000 wells. great that the fissures extended During the next three years, all the way to the surface, the the discovery of fresh fields be- Ss to the surface too, and went off in the air as fast as it was came more difficult, and as the average life of a well does not exceed two made. and a half years, the price of oil steadily increased. This stimulated The eastern limit is the line where all the fissures of the anticlinals and search to such an extent that before 1879 over 15,000 more wells were synclinals have come to the surface, and a very little research will satisfy put down in all directions, resulting not only in the discovery of eleven one as to the certainty and finality of this line. more square miles of territory, but in condemning a vast portion of the The reason for the west line is just the opposite: the waves all died outside field. out, and there were no fissures at all, so the gas could not come up. This In 1879, Bradford had attained such proportions that its large product same reason holds good on the north line all the way around to Olean, thrown on the market discouraged the expensive ‘‘ wild-catting” and with this exception, that on the north line the fissures do exist at a the deep-well sinking of the lower field ; since then, there have not been ote and greater depth as we go northward; and we can reach them added more than three and a half square miles of actual producing ter- y drill and torpedo if we go deep enough, provided we never exceed the ritory, making the total amount in the pebble-rock territory fifty-four safe depth for temperature of 2200 to 2509 feet. We may safely assume square miles. ; : that. at a red-hot depth under the whole country. lies the vast bed of the From the manner of ‘feeling one’s way” with the drill in developing Huron coal shales, and the question is only one of distillation and outlet ; the lower country, the operator, in defining every five square miles of of a conduit to some natural condenser with a strong cover near enough actual producing territory, condemned from 60 to 100 square miles around to the surface of the earth to be above the line of temperature, so that we him by his test-wells or antennc, spread out in all directions. I believe can tap it with the drill. No account is taken of the occurrences of oil i this will be accepted as a fair estimate based on experience, and will dis- from the upper light shales in the shallow wells at Mecca, Ottin, and | pose of at least 00 square miles. ; . elsewhere west of this western line, as they are totally unimportant fac- Now as the boundary-lines of the entire oil section, ranging in length tors in the general problem. | much over 400 miles, are all staked out by gas-wells, dry holes, and fail- Geology of the Oil Region.—Assuming the general surface of the coun- | ures, and as the area has been liberally estimated. we may safely draw try in Western Pennsylvania to be level. a board with its edges due north | around thes? boundaries a cordon of an average width of two miles, and and south, east and west, tilted up slightly at the upper left-hand corner | that will dispose of at least 00 miles more. : (representing the city of Erie), will give the general idea of the dip of the | There is not one particle of the territory south of Tideout and west of strata throughout this section. It will show two dips, one to the east ithe Allezhany River, as far down as Franklin, that has not either been the other to the south; and as the surface is level, these strata come | exhausted or condemned for all purposes of quantity, by persistent and successively to the surface as we go northward and westward. The oil | unmitigated ** wild-catting.” There is only left, on the west side of the sands of Butler County, for instance, if projected into the air on the line Alleghany. all the way down below Franklin, a small belt or strip of land, of their dip, would be 1000 feet above the level of Lake Erie; so, too, the what may be called uncertain land, on the west side of Butler County and same third oil sand that we find at Tideoute, at a depth of 100 feet on the | the southwest corner of Venango County, not exceeding 180 square miles. river-bank, we find at 1800 feet in Butler County. The oil sands practi- On the east side of the Alleghany, below Oil City, there is only a small