Bible Survey II 1 Samuel to Job
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The Imprisonment of Jeremiah in Its Historical Context
The Imprisonment of Jeremiah in Its Historical Context kevin l. tolley Kevin L. Tolley ([email protected]) is the coordinator of Seminaries and Institutes of Religion in Fullerton, California. he book of Jeremiah describes the turbulent times in Jerusalem prior to Tthe Babylonian conquest of the city. Warring political factions bickered within the city while a looming enemy rapidly approached. Amid this com- . (wikicommons). plex political arena, Jeremiah arose as a divine spokesman. His preaching became extremely polarizing. These political factions could be categorized along a spectrum of support and hatred toward the prophet. Jeremiah’s imprisonment (Jeremiah 38) illustrates some of the various attitudes toward God’s emissary. This scene also demonstrates the political climate and spiritual atmosphere of Jerusalem at the verge of its collapse into the Babylonian exile and also gives insights into the beginning narrative of the Book of Mormon. Jeremiah Lamenting the Destruction of Jerusalem Jeremiah Setting the Stage: Political Background for Jeremiah’s Imprisonment In the decades before the Babylonian exile in 587/586 BC, Jerusalem was the center of political and spiritual turmoil. True freedom and independence had Rembrandt Harmensz, Rembrandt not been enjoyed there for centuries.1 Subtle political factions maneuvered The narrative of the imprisonment of Jeremiah gives us helpful insights within the capital city and manipulated the king. Because these political into the world of the Book of Mormon and the world of Lehi and his sons. RE · VOL. 20 NO. 3 · 2019 · 97–11397 98 Religious Educator ·VOL.20NO.3·2019 The Imprisonment of Jeremiah in Its Historical Context 99 groups had a dramatic influence on the throne, they were instrumental in and closed all local shrines, centralizing the worship of Jehovah to the temple setting the political and spiritual stage of Jerusalem. -
Athaliah, a Treacherous Queen: a Careful Analysis of Her Story in 2 Kings 11 and 2 Chronicles 22:10-23:21
Athaliah, a treacherous queen: A careful analysis of her story in 2 Kings 11 and 2 Chronicles 22:10-23:21 Robin Gallaher Branch School of Biblical Sciences & Bible Languages Potchefstroom Campus North-West University POTCHEFSTROOM E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Abstract Athaliah, a treacherous queen: A careful analysis of her story in 2 Kings 11 and 2 Chronicles 22:10-23:21 This article presents a critical look at the story of the reign of Athaliah, the only ruling queen of Israel or Judah in the biblical text. Double reference in 2 Kings and 2 Chronicles shows her story’s importance and significance to the biblical writers. The largely parallel accounts read like a contemporary soap opera, for they contain murder, intrigue, harem politics, religious upheaval, and coup and counter-coup. Her story provides insights on the turbulent political climate of the ninth century BC. However, the purpose of the biblical writers is not to show Athaliah as the epitome of evil or that all women in power are evil. Opsomming Atalia, ’n verraderlike koningin: ’n noukeurige analise van haar verhaal in 2 Konings 11 en 2 Kronieke 22:10-23:21 In hierdie artikel word die verhaal van Atalia krities nagegaan. Atalia was naamlik die enigste koninging van Israel of Juda wie se regeringstyd in die Bybelteks verhaal word. Die dubbele verwysings na hierdie tyd in 2 Konings en 2 Kronieke dui op die belangrikheid en betekenis van haar verhaal vir die Bybel- skrywers. Die twee weergawes wat grotendeels parallelle weer- gawes is, lees byna soos ’n hedendaagse sepie, want hierdie verhale sluit elemente in soos moord, intrige, harempolitiek, godsdiensopstand, staatsgreep en kontrastaatsgreep. -
2 Chronicles 34:14-33
The Book of the Law Found - 2 Chronicles 34:14-33 Topics: Anger, Answers, Bible, Change, Covenant, Disobedience, Faithfulness, Forsake, Heart, Humility, Idolatry, Instructions, Knowledge, Law, Leadership, Life-style, Mourning, Obedience, Peace, Prophecy, Renewal, Repentance, Soul, Truth, Words Open It * 1. What surprising “finds” have you made while cleaning your attic, closets or garage? 2. How did you obtain your first Bible? Explore It 3. What did Hilkiah find in the temple? (34:14) 4. What was important about the old scroll? (34:14) * 5. What discovery changed Josiah and his nation? (34:14-33) 6. To whom did the high priest give the scroll when he found it? (34:15) 7. How did Shaphan break the news to the king about the scroll? (34:16-18) * 8. How did Josiah react to hearing God’s law read aloud? (34:19) 9. What did Josiah send his men to do at the temple? (34:20-21) 10. Why was God’s anger being poured out on Judah? (34:21) 11. Who did Josiah’s men go to see about God’s message for them? (34:22) 12. What was the bad news in the prophecy? (34:24-25) 13. What was the good news in the prophecy? (34:26-28) 14. How had Josiah’s reaction to hearing God’s Word influenced God’s response? (34:27) 15. To whom did Josiah first read the scroll? (34:29-30) * 16. What pledge did Josiah make to the Lord? (34:31) 17. What did Josiah require the people to do? (34:32) 18. -
2 Kings and Chronicles
2 Kings and Chronicles INFORMATION FOR SMALL GROUP LEADERS For information on 2 Kings see Small Group Discussion Guide for weeks 16 and 17. 1-2 Chronicles: The Hebrew title of the work, Dibre Hayyamim, is derived from 1 Chronicles 27:24 and may be translated “the events of the years” or “annals.” In the Septuagint (Greek translation), it is known as Paraleipomena or “the things omitted,” indicating that it was considered a supplement to the books of Samuel and Kings. The English title derives from a suggestion by Jerome, the translator of the Vulgate (a Latin translation), that a more suitable title would be “the chronicle of the whole sacred history.” Martin Luther adopted this proposal, titling his translation of the books Die Chronika, and versions ever since the Reformation have followed his practice. Theme The central theme of Chronicles is the significance of the Davidic covenant as the enduring basis of Israel’s life and hope. The Davidic covenant is expressed in the two institutions that derive directly from it: the monarchy and the temple. These institutions are mutually related (1 Chron. 17:10b–14), and together they represent God’s kingdom in Israel (2 Chron. 13:5, 8). The Davidic covenant does not replace the Mosaic covenant but builds on it for the new age of the monarchy and the temple. Further dimensions of the Davidic covenant are discussed below under Key Themes. Purpose, Occasion, and Background The Babylonian campaign against Judah, which began in 605 B.C. under Nebuchadnezzar, climaxed in the destruction of Jerusalem and its temple in 586 and the deportation of many of its leading people to settlements near Babylon. -
2 Chronicles 34- 35 Overview Moses Promotes Bible Literacy Throughout the Book of Deuteronomy
Week Thirty-one: A King Experiences Revival - 2 Chronicles 34- 35 Overview Moses promotes Bible literacy throughout the book of Deuteronomy. Throughout Israel’s history their spiritual health rises and falls on the level of Bible literacy—their knowledge of the Word—and their obedience to that Word as individuals and a nation. Judah experiences five brief periods of revival during its 345-year history. King Asa removes the idols from Jerusalem and restores the temple altar (2 Chron. 15); King Jehoshaphat removes idols and restores the public reading of the Book of the Law (2 Chron. 17); King Joash repairs the temple, but very little reform takes place (2 Chron. 23-24); King Hezekiah cleanses, repairs the temple, and reestablishes public worship and the Passover celebration (2 Chron. 29-31); King Josiah’s revival, however, is more comprehensive than those of the kings who preceded him. Today’s lesson focuses on the effect reading the Book of the Law has on King Josiah and all the people. Lesson Objective: At the conclusion of this lesson, students will understand the parallels between Bible literacy and the spiritual health of God’s people. Key Truths Moral failure, idol worship, and community discord accompany the lack of Bible literacy. Faith and obedience thrive in the hearts of those who are biblically literate; therefore, God’s Word must be made available to all peoples. Spiritual leaders who neglect the Word of God and spend all their time doing other things soon find themselves tolerating sin and idolatry. The spiritual vitality of the community is inseparable from the Bible literacy and spiritual strength of its leaders. -
2 Chronicles
YOU CAN UNDERSTAND THE BIBLE 2 Chronicles BOB UTLEY PROFESSOR OF HERMENEUTICS (BIBLE INTERPRETATION) STUDY GUIDE COMMENTARY SERIES OLD TESTAMENT VOL. 7B BIBLE LESSONS INTERNATIONAL MARSHALL, TEXAS 2017 INTRODUCTION TO 1 AND 2 CHRONICLES I. NAME OF THE BOOK A. The name of the book in Hebrew is “the words (events) of the days (years).” This is used in the sense of “a chronicle of the years.” These same words occur in the title of several books mentioned as written sources in 1 Kings 14:19,29; 15:7,23,31; 16:5,14,20,27; 22:46. The phrase itself is used over thirty times in 1 and 2 Kings and is usually translated “chronicles.” B. The LXX entitled it “the things omitted (concerning the Kings of Judah).” This implies that Chronicles is to Samuel and Kings what the Gospel of John is to the Synoptic Gospels. See How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth, by Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart, pp. 127-148. As the Gospel writers under inspiration (see Special Topic: Inspiration) had the right to select, adapt, and arrange the life of Jesus (not invent actions or words), so too, the inspired authors of OT narratives (see Expository Hermeneutics: An Introduction, by Elliott E. Johnson, p. 169). This selection, adaptation, and chronological/thematic arrangement of words/events was to convey theological truth. History is used as a servant of theology. Chronicles has suffered, much as the Gospel of Mark did. They were both seen as “Readers Digest” summaries and not “a full history.” This is unfortunate! Both have an inspired message. -
The Ironic Death of Josiah in 2 Chronicles
3mitchell.qxd 5/1/2006 9:29 AM Page 421 The Ironic Death of Josiah in 2 Chronicles CHRISTINE MITCHELL St. Andrew’s College Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W3, Canada MOST RECENT STUDIES OF 2 Chronicles 34–35 have attempted to deal with various historical issues of the text.1 Although many of the insights from these studies are valuable, very little attention has been paid to reading Josiah’s rule and death in 2 Chronicles from a literary perspective.2 In this contribution, there- fore, I propose a literary reading of 2 Chronicles 34–35 on the terms of the Chron- I would like to thank Gary Knoppers and Ehud Ben Zvi for their comments on this article as it evolved. Any errors that remain are, of course, my own. 1 The discussion began with H. G. M. Williamson, “The Death of Josiah and the Continuing Development of the Deuteronomic History,” VT 32 (1982) 242-48, and continued with C. T. Begg, “The Death of Josiah: Another View,” VT 37 (1987) 1-8; H. G. M. Williamson, “Reliving the Death of Josiah: A Reply to C. T. Begg,” VT 37 (1987) 9-15; Zipora Talshir, “The Three Deaths of Josiah and the Strata of Biblical Historiography (2 Kings xxiii 29-30; 2 Chronicles xxxv 20-5; 1 Esdras i 23-31),” VT 46 (1996) 213-36; Baruch Halpern, “Why Manasseh Is Blamed for the Babylonian Exile: The Evolution of a Biblical Tradition,” VT 48 (1998) 473-514. The work in these articles is often in conversation with that of C. -
2 Kings 8:26, 2 Chronicles 22:2, King Ahaziah 22 and 42
2 Kings 8:26, 2 Chronicles 22:2, King Ahaziah 22 and 42 Introduction The passages in question concern Ahaziah, king of Judah and “the son of Jehoshaphat” 2 Chronicles 22:9 and an apparent discrepancy between them with respect to Ahaziah’s stated age. The passages read as follows. Note carefully the wording with respect to the beginning of Ahaziah’s reign and his one-year reign “in Jerusalem.” Note also the identity of Ahaziah’s mother. “Two and twenty years old was Ahaziah when he began to reign; and he reigned one year in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Athaliah, the daughter of Omri king of Israel” 2 Kings 8:26. “Forty and two years old was Ahaziah when he began to reign, and he reigned one year in Jerusalem. His mother’s name also was Athaliah the daughter of Omri” 2 Chronicles 22:2. This work gives an explanation for the apparent discrepancy between 2 Kings 8:26, 2 Chronicles 22:2 with respect to Ahaziah’s age, 22 versus 42 “when he began to reign.” This explanation draws from the material published by Dr Gerardus Bouw, The Book of Bible Problems, pp 112ff, Dr Peter S. Ruckman, Problem Texts, pp 241ff, the late Dr Dennis Spackman from New Zealand, The Stand, Oct/Nov 2007, pp 35ff and brandplucked.webs.com/kjbarticles.htm How Old was Ahaziah, 22 or 42? by Will Kinney. All four accounts differ in some respects and this account differs slightly from all of them. Nevertheless, this writer is very grateful for the efforts of those other four researchers. -
2 Chronicles 22
2 Chronicles 22 New King James Version (NKJV) 2 Chronicles 22 Ahaziah Reigns in Judah 1 Then the inhabitants of Jerusalem made Ahaziah his youngest son king in his place, for the raiders who came with the Arabians into the camp had killed all the older sons. So Ahaziah the son of Jehoram, king of Judah, reigned. 2 Ahaziah was forty-two[a] years old when he became king, and he reigned one year in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Athaliah the granddaughter of Omri. 3 He also walked in the ways of the house of Ahab, for his mother advised him to do wickedly. 4 Therefore he did evil in the sight of the LORD, like the house of Ahab; for they were his counselors after the death of his father, to his destruction. 5 He also followed their advice, and went with Jehoram[b] the son of Ahab king of Israel to war against Hazael king of Syria at Ramoth Gilead; and the Syrians wounded Joram. 6 Then he returned to Jezreel to recover from the wounds which he had received at Ramah, when he fought against Hazael king of Syria. And Azariah[c] the son of Jehoram, king of Judah, went down to see Jehoram the son of Ahab in Jezreel, because he was sick. 7 His going to Joram was God’s occasion for Ahaziah’s downfall; for when he arrived, he went out with Jehoram against Jehu the son of Nimshi, whom the LORD had anointed to cut off the house of Ahab. 8 And it happened, when Jehu was executing judgment on the house of Ahab, and found the princes of Judah and the sons of Ahaziah’s brothers who served Ahaziah, that he killed them. -
Week of June 28, 2020 2 Chronicles 34
If your Bible was taken from you, how quickly would you notice? How would you feel? The God who created us and loves us gave us His very words, and we have the amazing opportunity to read them each time we open our Bibles! Seek to hear God’s voice as you learn together with your children this week. Week of June 28, 2020 2 Chronicles 34 Know Right: King Josiah finds God’s Word. Think Right: “But grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.” 2 Peter 3:18a (DL Top 12) Do Right: I will seek the truth from God’s Word. Feel Right: I can feel wise when I seek the truth from God’s Word. Parent Preparation 1. Pray: Pray that your child(ren) will not be confused about God’s existence. Pray that they will seek truth and that God will speak powerfully to them. 2. Read the Lesson Summary: King Josiah finds God’s Word Israel’s unfaithful kings and disobedient people neglected God’s temple, His worship, and His Word. The northern kingdom of Israel had already been exiled to Assyria, and Judah’s punishment was not far behind. Although Josiah became the king of Judah at only eight years of age, he did what was right in God’s eyes. Every good thing he did led to another. When Josiah ordered the repair of the temple, the Book of the Law was found. When Josiah heard the truth of God’s Word in that book, he believed and followed it. -
2 Kings 9 & 2 Chronicles 22:1-9 | Reaping the Harvest of Sin The
Men’s Study & Coffee | March 13, 2018 | 2 Kings, Week Nine (*notes from “Be Distinct” by Warren Wiersbe) 2 Kings 9 & 2 Chronicles 22:1-9 | Reaping the Harvest of Sin The suddenness of opportunity. (2 Kings 9:1–13) The scene now shifts to Ramoth Gilead where Israel and Judah had combined their forces to recover the city from the Syrians. One of the key commanders of the Israeli army was Jehu, the son of Jehoshaphat, but not the Jehoshaphat who was king of Judah and the father of Jehoram. Unknown to Jehu, the Prophet Elisha had dispatched one of the young sons of the prophets to anoint him king of Israel. This was the third assignment God gave Elijah (1 Kings 19:15–16). Instead of going to the battlefield himself, Elisha wisely gave the young man the authority to anoint Jehu privately. Elisha advised the student to flee the scene as fast as he could, for obviously there was going to be serious conflict. Jehu was having a staff meeting in the courtyard when the young man approached and asked for a private audience with the commander. They went into a private room in the house and there the young man anointed Jehu to be the new king of Israel. It’s interesting that the young prophet called the people of Israel “the people of the Lord” (9:6). Even though Israel and Judah were separate kingdoms and not obedient to the covenant, the people were still the chosen ones of the Lord and Abraham’s descendants. -
01 Help for Your Home NOTES.Pages
Help For Your Home Pastor Doug Heisel –March 24, 2018 Context for our story • 1 & 2 Kings and 1 & 2 Chronicles, cover the same basic time period (roughly 1000 BC to the fall of Jerusalem in 587 BC). Both Kings and Chronicles record how the Lord worked through (and around) the various kings, to keep His redemptive story moving forward. • The nation of Israel divides into 2 parts: The Northern Kingdom (10 tribes) which keeps the name Israel; and the Southern Kingdom that is called Judah, where Jerusalem is, and where the family line of David was from. 1 Kings 11:31-33 For this is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: ‘See, I am going to tear the kingdom out of Solomon’s hand and give you (Jeroboam) ten tribes … I will do this because they have forsaken me and worshiped other gods … Building the home God wants you to enjoy 1) BELIEVE that the LORD can do something GOOD, no matter how BAD the starting point was. 2 Chronicles 34:1-2 — (Josiah) reigned in Jerusalem thirty-one years. He did what was pleasing in the Lord’s sight and …did not turn away from doing what was right. For in the eighth year of his reign, while he was still young, he began to seek the God of his father David… 2) Pay the price to make united WORSHIP a priority. 2 Kings 22:5 — Entrust this money to the men assigned to supervise the Temple's restoration. Then they can use it to pay workers to repair the Temple of the Lord.