DOCSLIB.ORG

Fehling, Harvey OH616

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Fehling, Harvey OH616 Wisconsin Veterans Museum Research Center Transcript of an Oral History Interview with Harvey C. Fehling Chief Water Tender, Navy, World War II 1996 OH 616 1 OH 616 Fehling, Harvey C., (b. 1921). Oral History Interview, 1996. User Copy: 2 sound cassettes (ca. 97 min.); analog, 1 7/8 ips, mono. Master Copy: 2 sound cassettes (ca. 97 min.); analog, 1 7/8 ips, mono. Transcript: 0.1 linear ft. (1 folder). Military Papers: 0.1 linear ft. (1 folder) Abstract: Harvey Fehling, a Lowell, Wisconsin native, discusses his service in the Navy during World War II. Fehling describes growing up on a farm in Lowell and serving in the Civilian Conservation Corps at Camp Madison as a youth. In 1939, Fehling voluntarily enlisted in the Navy. He describes a competitive selection process involving many physicals. The Navy did not accept many enlistees at that time because the U.S. had not yet joined World War II. Fehling discusses at length his basic training at Great Lakes Naval Base (Illinois). After six weeks of training, he chose an assignment on the USS Milwaukee where he served as a deck hand and an engineer. Fehling talks about his experiences on the USS Milwaukee in San Diego (California) and Pearl Harbor (Hawaii) in 1940. He discusses the large fleet docked in Pearl Harbor, which he and other sailors saw as a target for the Japanese. Fehling jokes that shore leave became less fun when the fleet arrived; before that, he would go to Waikiki beach and movies at the port. Fehling addresses gambling and drinking problems among sailors. According to Fehling, in mid- 1941, the USS Milwaukee went on neutrality patrol in the Caribbean and the Atlantic. Fehling explains that the U.S. Navy did “spotting for the English Navy,” warning the British about German ships. Fehling feels the neutrality patrol was part of Franklin D. Roosevelt’s “excuse to get us in the war.” Fehling explains that the USS Milwaukee escorted merchant ships from South America to Africa. Occasionally his crew would board the ships to make sure no raw materials (like rubber) were being transported to Germany. Fehling vividly describes the Navy’s hazing rituals for sailors who passed the Equator for the first time. He mentions hazing was not permitted after the U.S. entered World War II. Fehling relates that during the war his envoy sunk four or five German submarines. Once these ships sunk, the USS Milwaukee would leave the German crew in lifeboats all day before taking them aboard as prisoners. In 1944, the USS Milwaukee was turned over to the Soviets to boost their fleet. Fehling describes the voyage to Russia and characterizes Russian naval officers as intelligent and fluent in English. Fehling expresses sadness at handing over the ship because it had been his home for four years. He mentions standing near William Averell Harriman (famous statesman and ambassador to the Soviet Union) during the “turning over” ceremony. Fehling returned to England on a British destroyer. He describes British food and alcohol rations and animosity between British and American sailors resulting in fights. Fehling tells of visiting an isolated village in Siberia and rescuing a Russian merchant crew in the Arctic Circle whose ship was destroyed by German torpedoes. During the D-Day Invasion, Fehling served on British excursion boats that “looked like the Mississippi Queen.” Fehling explains these 2 boats were designed for shallow water and were supposed to prevent another disaster like Dunkirk (France). His boat transported wounded soldiers from Omaha Beach (France) to South Hampton (England). After D-Day, Fehling was reassigned to the USS Van Valkenburgh in the Pacific Theater, where he was a chief water tender. Fehling mentions this ship was named for Captain Franklin Van Valkenburgh who died in Pearl Harbor. Van Valkenburgh’s son served on the ship as did Henry Maier, future mayor of Milwaukee (Wisconsin). Fehling goes into detail about the differences between destroyers and cruisers. Fehling describes at length the Battle of Iwo Jima. The USS Van Valkenburgh bombarded Iwo Jima from the shore to protect the Marines on the ground. Fehling did not see the battle because he worked below deck. After Iwo Jima, the USS Van Valkenburgh went to Okinawa (Japan) and joined a line of destroyers that surrounded the island. They were targeted by kamikaze attacks, and Fehling states only twenty percent of the destroyers survived. He describes high casualties and a grueling battle lasting three months. Fehling discusses the atomic bombing of Japan and his views on it. He says none of the sailors understood what it was and thought it was just “a big, mysterious bomb.” Fehling describes arriving in Nagasaki after the bomb was dropped. The USS Van Valkenburgh picked up American, British, and Dutch prisoners held in Japanese camps in Kyushu and took them to hospital ships. Fehling reveals he walked around in Nagasaki because nobody knew about the radiation. Fehling vividly describes a barren landscape. He states the dead bodies had been removed, but dead animals remained in the streets. He says “we couldn’t believe what the heck hit” Nagaski. After V-J Day, Fehling asked to be discharged because he had earned enough points. He decided against reenlisting because he “didn’t want to go through that anymore.” Fehling explains that, after his homecoming, he had trouble adjusting to civilian life in Horicon (Wisconsin). Fehling is joined in the interview by his wife Arlene Fehling and his sister Sharon Elskey. Mrs. Fehling relates that she met Mr. Fehling in Reeseville (Wisconsin). Her first husband was killed on the USS Twiggs during a kamikaze attack in the Okinawa campaign. The Fehlings comment on the amazing coincidence that the USS Van Valkenburgh sailed alongside the USS Twiggs that night, rescuing wounded sailors. Fehling reports using the GI Bill to attend sheet metal trade school. He worked in construction and as a machinist in Beaver Dam (Wisconsin) until retiring in 1985. He mentions joining veterans organizations because he enjoyed the camaraderie and felt it was his duty. He belonged to the American Legion for fifty years and was commander of the Reeseville post in the 1950s. Fehling also participated in the VFW in Lowell and shipmates associations for the USS Milwaukee and USS Van Valkenburgh . Biographical Sketch: Fehling (b.1921) grew up on a farm in Lowell, Wisconsin. After working in the Civilian Conservation Corps, he enlisted in the Navy in 1939. Fehling served in both European and Pacific Theaters in World War II on the USS Milwaukee and USS Van Valkenburgh . After the war, he attended sheet metal school on the GI Bill and married his wife Arlene in Reeseville, Wisconsin. Fehling retired from Metalfab fabricating company in 1985. He lives in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, and is a member of the American Legion and the Veterans of Foreign Wars. 3 Interviewed by Mark Van Ells, 1996 Transcribed by Karen Emery, WDVA Staff, 1999 Transcript Edited by Darcy I. Gervasio, 2008 Abstract by Darcy I. Gervasio, 2008 4 Interview Transcript: Mark: Um, okay. Today’s date is April 9, 1996. This is Mark Van Ells, Archivist, Wisconsin Veterans Museum, doing an oral history interview this afternoon with Mr. Harvey Fehling, presently of Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, a veterans of the United States Navy in the Pacific Theater during World War II. Good afternoon. Thanks for driving down. And we’ve got some visitors along with us as well. Would you please introduce yourselves. Ma’am. Mrs. Fehling: My name is Arlene Fehling, nee Schultz, Harvey’s wife. We were married in October 1947 so our 50 th anniversary will be coming up next year. Mark: Oh, that’s true. Mrs. Fehling: We’re laying great plans. Ms. Elskey: And I’m Sharon Elskey (sp??). I’m Harvey’s sister. I was born after he was in the Navy for quite a few years. Mark: Okay. So I suppose we should start at the top, as they say. Why don’t you tell me a little bit about where you were born and raised, and what you were doing prior to your entry into the Navy in 1939. Fehling: Okay. I was born in the Town of Lowell. Mark: Is that Dodge County? Fehling: Dodge County, but lived in Beaver Dam for a number of years and then moved to the Village of Lowell, on the edge of the Village of Lowell, on my grandfather’s farm. Mark: And so you were farmers? Fehling: Yeah, yeah, we lived right on the edge of the Village of Lowell on a farm, and I was there until I went in the Navy. Prior to going in the Navy I was, after school, I went in the CC camp for six months at Camp Madison. Mark: I’m kind of interested in that experience. How did you get involved with the Conservation Corps? Fehling: Well, mostly it was looking for something to do. You couldn’t buy a job then in them days. You couldn’t buy a job. Mark: And as a farmer’s son, who had just graduated high school … 5 Fehling: Yeah, right, couldn’t, so I decided I’d try that for awhile, for six months, and got a little experience because the CC camps were run by the Army and they were all military everything. Mark: Did you like it? Fehling: Yeah, I liked it. I enjoyed it. Mark: What sorts of things did you do? Fehling: Well we, I didn’t, most of the guys out there went out in the field around the Arboretum and built all those stone fences, and planted trees, and different things in the Arboretum, but I stayed in the camp most of the time.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • US Fleet Organization, 1939
    US Fleet Organization 1939 Battle Force US Fleet: USS California (BB-44)(Force Flagship) Battleships, Battle Force (San Pedro) USS West Virginia (BB-48)(flagship) Battleship Division 1: USS Arizona (BB-39)(flag) USS Nevada (BB-36) USS Pennsylvania (BB-38)(Fl. Flag) Air Unit - Observation Sqn 1-9 VOS Battleship Division 2: USS Tennessee (BB-43)(flag) USS Oklahoma (BB-37) USS California (BB-44)(Force flagship) Air Unit - Observation Sqn 2-9 VOS Battleship Division 3: USS Idaho (BB-42)(flag) USS Mississippi (BB-41) USS New Mexico (BB-40) Air Unit - Observation Sqn 3-9 VOS Battleship Division 4: USS West Virginia (BB-48)(flag) USS Colorado (BB-45) USS Maryland (BB-46) Air Unit - Observation Sqn 4-9 VOS Cruisers, Battle Force: (San Diego) USS Honolulu (CL-48)(flagship) Cruiser Division 2: USS Trenton (CL-11)(flag) USS Memphis (CL-13) Air Unit - Cruiser Squadron 2-4 VSO Cruiser Division 3: USS Detroit (CL-8)(flag) USS Cincinnati (CL-6) USS Milwaukee (CL-5) Air Unit - Cruiser Squadron 3-6 VSO Cruise Division 8: USS Philadelphia (CL-41)(flag) USS Brooklyn (CL-40) USS Savannah (CL-42) USS Nashville (CL-43) Air Unit - Cruiser Squadron 8-16 VSO Cruiser Division 9: USS Honolulu (CL-48)(flag) USS Phoneix (CL-46) USS Boise (CL-47) USS St. Louis (CL-49)(when commissioned Air Unit - Cruiser Squadron 8-16 VSO 1 Destroyers, Battle Force (San Diego) USS Concord (CL-10) Ship Air Unit 2 VSO Destroyer Flotilla 1: USS Raleigh (CL-7)(flag) Ship Air Unit 2 VSO USS Dobbin (AD-3)(destroyer tender) (served 1st & 3rd Squadrons) USS Whitney (AD-4)(destroyer tender)
    [Show full text]
  • Military History Anniversaries 16 Thru 30 November
    Military History Anniversaries 16 thru 30 November Events in History over the next 15 day period that had U.S. military involvement or impacted in some way on U.S military operations or American interests Nov 16 1776 – American Revolution: British and Hessian units capture Fort Washington from the Patriots. Nearly 3,000 Patriots were taken prisoner, and valuable ammunition and supplies were lost to the Hessians. The prisoners faced a particularly grim fate: Many later died from deprivation and disease aboard British prison ships anchored in New York Harbor. Nov 16 1776 – American Revolution: The United Provinces (Low Countries) recognize the independence of the United States. Nov 16 1776 – American Revolution: The first salute of an American flag (Grand Union Flag) by a foreign power is rendered by the Dutch at St. Eustatius, West Indies in reply to a salute by the Continental ship Andrew Doria. Nov 16 1798 – The warship Baltimore is halted by the British off Havana, intending to impress Baltimore's crew who could not prove American citizenship. Fifty-five seamen are imprisoned though 50 are later freed. Nov 16 1863 – Civil War: Battle of Campbell's Station near Knoxville, Tennessee - Confederate troops unsuccessfully attack Union forces. Casualties and losses: US 316 - CSA 174. Nov 16 1914 – WWI: A small group of intellectuals led by the physician Georg Nicolai launch Bund Neues Vaterland, the New Fatherland League in Germany. One of the league’s most active supporters was Nicolai’s friend, the great physicist Albert Einstein. 1 Nov 16 1941 – WWII: Creed of Hate - Joseph Goebbels publishes in the German magazine Das Reich that “The Jews wanted the war, and now they have it”—referring to the Nazi propaganda scheme to shift the blame for the world war onto European Jewry, thereby giving the Nazis a rationalization for the so-called Final Solution.
    [Show full text]
  • Ladies and Gentlemen
    reaching the limits of their search area, ENS Reid and his navigator, ENS Swan decided to push their search a little farther. When he spotted small specks in the distance, he promptly radioed Midway: “Sighted main body. Bearing 262 distance 700.” PBYs could carry a crew of eight or nine and were powered by two Pratt & Whitney R-1830-92 radial air-cooled engines at 1,200 horsepower each. The aircraft was 104 feet wide wing tip to wing tip and 63 feet 10 inches long from nose to tail. Catalinas were patrol planes that were used to spot enemy submarines, ships, and planes, escorted convoys, served as patrol bombers and occasionally made air and sea rescues. Many PBYs were manufactured in San Diego, but Reid’s aircraft was built in Canada. “Strawberry 5” was found in dilapidated condition at an airport in South Africa, but was lovingly restored over a period of six years. It was actually flown back to San Diego halfway across the planet – no small task for a 70-year old aircraft with a top speed of 120 miles per hour. The plane had to meet FAA regulations and was inspected by an FAA official before it could fly into US airspace. Crew of the Strawberry 5 – National Archives Cover Artwork for the Program NOTES FROM THE ARTIST Unlike the action in the Atlantic where German submarines routinely targeted merchant convoys, the Japanese never targeted shipping in the Pacific. The Cover Artwork for the Veterans' Biographies American convoy system in the Pacific was used primarily during invasions where hundreds of merchant marine ships shuttled men, food, guns, This PBY Catalina (VPB-44) was flown by ENS Jack Reid with his ammunition, and other supplies across the Pacific.
    [Show full text]
  • Maritime Patrol Aviation: 90 Years of Continuing Innovation
    J. F. KEANE AND C. A. EASTERLING Maritime Patrol Aviation: 90 Years of Continuing Innovation John F. Keane and CAPT C. Alan Easterling, USN Since its beginnings in 1912, maritime patrol aviation has recognized the importance of long-range, persistent, and armed intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance in sup- port of operations afl oat and ashore. Throughout its history, it has demonstrated the fl ex- ibility to respond to changing threats, environments, and missions. The need for increased range and payload to counter submarine and surface threats would dictate aircraft opera- tional requirements as early as 1917. As maritime patrol transitioned from fl ying boats to land-based aircraft, both its mission set and areas of operation expanded, requiring further developments to accommodate advanced sensor and weapons systems. Tomorrow’s squad- rons will possess capabilities far beyond the imaginations of the early pioneers, but the mis- sion will remain essentially the same—to quench the battle force commander’s increasing demand for over-the-horizon situational awareness. INTRODUCTION In 1942, Rear Admiral J. S. McCain, as Com- plane. With their normal and advance bases strategically mander, Aircraft Scouting Forces, U.S. Fleet, stated the located, surprise contacts between major forces can hardly following: occur. In addition to receiving contact reports on enemy forces in these vital areas the patrol planes, due to their great Information is without doubt the most important service endurance, can shadow and track these forces, keeping the required by a fl eet commander. Accurate, complete and up fl eet commander informed of their every movement.1 to the minute knowledge of the position, strength and move- ment of enemy forces is very diffi cult to obtain under war Although prescient, Rear Admiral McCain was hardly conditions.
    [Show full text]
  • America's Undeclared Naval War
    America's Undeclared Naval War Between September 1939 and December 1941, the United States moved from neutral to active belligerent in an undeclared naval war against Nazi Germany. During those early years the British could well have lost the Battle of the Atlantic. The undeclared war was the difference that kept Britain in the war and gave the United States time to prepare for total war. With America’s isolationism, disillusionment from its World War I experience, pacifism, and tradition of avoiding European problems, President Franklin D. Roosevelt moved cautiously to aid Britain. Historian C.L. Sulzberger wrote that the undeclared war “came about in degrees.” For Roosevelt, it was more than a policy. It was a conviction to halt an evil and a threat to civilization. As commander in chief of the U.S. armed forces, Roosevelt ordered the U.S. Navy from neutrality to undeclared war. It was a slow process as Roosevelt walked a tightrope between public opinion, the Constitution, and a declaration of war. By the fall of 1941, the U.S. Navy and the British Royal Navy were operating together as wartime naval partners. So close were their operations that as early as autumn 1939, the British 1 | P a g e Ambassador to the United States, Lord Lothian, termed it a “present unwritten and unnamed naval alliance.” The United States Navy called it an “informal arrangement.” Regardless of what America’s actions were called, the fact is the power of the United States influenced the course of the Atlantic war in 1941. The undeclared war was most intense between September and December 1941, but its origins reached back more than two years and sprang from the mind of one man and one man only—Franklin Roosevelt.
    [Show full text]
  • Oversight Review of the U.S. Navy's Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) Program" December 8, 2016
    i [H.A.S.C. No. 114–145] OVERSIGHT REVIEW OF THE U.S. NAVY’S LITTORAL COMBAT SHIP PROGRAM HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND INVESTIGATIONS OF THE COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED FOURTEENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION HEARING HELD DECEMBER 8, 2016 U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 23–763 WASHINGTON : 2017 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 SUBCOMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND INVESTIGATIONS VICKY HARTZLER, Missouri, Chairwoman JEFF MILLER, Florida JACKIE SPEIER, California K. MICHAEL CONAWAY, Texas JIM COOPER, Tennessee JOSEPH J. HECK, Nevada HENRY C. ‘‘HANK’’ JOHNSON, JR., Georgia AUSTIN SCOTT, Georgia GWEN GRAHAM, Florida MARTHA MCSALLY, Arizona HEATH BOPE, Professional Staff Member KATY QUINN, Professional Staff Member ANNA WATERFIELD, Clerk (II) C O N T E N T S Page STATEMENTS PRESENTED BY MEMBERS OF CONGRESS Hartzler, Hon. Vicky, a Representative from Missouri, Chairwoman, Subcom- mittee on Oversight and Investigations ............................................................. 1 Speier, Hon. Jackie, a Representative from California, Ranking Member, Sub- committee on Oversight and Investigations ...................................................... 3 WITNESSES Gilmore, Dr. J. Michael, Director, Operational Test and Evaluation, Depart- ment of Defense ...................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Haeremai, Te Waka! the 1925 United
    Haeremai, Te Waka! THE 1925 UNITED STATES FLEET VISIT TO NEW ZEALAND AND ITS STRATEGIC CONTEXT 'THIS REMOTE outpost in the Pacific', the Evening Post wrote of New Zealand in 1925,'... looks upon the American fleet as a friend and protector.' Evoking memories of the Great White Fleet's voyage in 1908, this armada of US warships visited the Australasian dominions during July and August 1925, paying homage to that 'uncovenanted friendship between the British Empire and the United States which... is the strongest guarantee for the security of both parties and the peace of the world'.1 This impressive piece of seafaring, unlike the global cruise of the Great White Fleet, has not been fully analyzed.2 The absence of any published account of the New Zealand part of the visit creates an entirely false impression about its significance. This article is intended to rectify the situation not only by recounting the events of 1925, but also by examining the politico- strategic context of the voyage. The United States evolved a threefold policy towards the Far East in the period after the European war: exclusion of 'Asiatics'; maintenance of the 'Open Door' in China; and retention of the Philippines. The level of commitment which Washington displayed towards these goals both waxed and waned. An acrimon- ious debate broke out, too, about how effectively the US could safeguard its interests. With non-participation in the League of Nations confirmed, the defensive arm of American policy in the Far East was the US Navy, which relied, like the Royal Navy, upon Admiral Mahan's notion of a 'Fleet-in-Being' rather than on a regional presence.
    [Show full text]
  • Senate Section (PDF)
    E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 114 CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION Vol. 162 WASHINGTON, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 7, 2016 No. 176 Senate The Senate met at 9:30 a.m. and was RECOGNITION OF THE MAJORITY have fittingly been renamed for Beau called to order by the President pro LEADER Biden in this legislation. I will have tempore (Mr. HATCH). The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. more to say about the Vice President PAUL). The majority leader is recog- when he joins us again this afternoon, f nized. but for now I look forward to passing the 21st Century Cures Act today. f PRAYER On another matter, we will have an- LEGISLATION BEFORE THE other important vote this afternoon. It The PRESIDENT pro tempore. To- SENATE is a vote to move forward on the na- day’s opening prayer will be offered by Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, the tional defense authorization conference Elder D. Todd Christofferson, a mem- continuing resolution was filed in the report. ber of the Quorum of the Twelve Apos- House yesterday. As we wait for the We all know the world the next ad- tles of The Church of Jesus Christ of House to take the next step, I encour- ministration will inherit is a difficult Latter-day Saints in Salt Lake City. age all Members to continue reviewing and dangerous one. There are many The guest Chaplain offered the fol- the legislative text, which has been threats. There are numerous national lowing prayer: available for some time.
    [Show full text]
  • 9. How Does the Navy Plan to De
    ,d a, Naval Officer 1946-53 Commander in Chief 1977 . ALL MAGAZINE OF THE U.S. NAVY - 54th YEAR OF PUBLICATION FEBRUARY 1977 NUMBER 721 Features 4 THE SEA RELEASES HER GRASP Recovery of F-14 "Tomcat" North of Scotland I INTERVIEW WITH VADMC. R. BRYAN, COMNAVSEASYSCOM The Future of theNavy's Engineering Specialists 10 'TUT' TOOK 3,301 YEARS TO GO TO SEA Page : Bringing Egyptian Treasure to U.S. 12 SHE TOOK ONLY MINUTES TO FIND HER ELEMENT Navy Wife Teaches Sailing at Subic Bay 14 DAYDREAMING IS OUT Training Corpsmen in the Field 21 THEY CAME EARLY TOWATCH NAVY.. BEAT ARMY! The Pomp and Hoopla Behind'The Game' 28 KEEPING AMERICA BEAUTIFUL Sprucing Up Norfolk and Newport 32 THEY BUILD A MODEL FLEET Building Ship Models at Carderock 36 MINIATURE SHIPYARD . and More Modelsin Texas 42 TOMAHAWK New Missile for the Fleet of the 1980s. Page 14 Departments 2 Currents 18 Rights and Benefits 20 Grains of Salt 38 Bearings 46 Information Exchange Covers: Front:Navy co-captain Jeff Sap~p's expression tells it all - Na!uy's the winner again. Sapp, described by coach George Welsh as "the best defensive middle guard in the country," ended the 1976 season with 143 tackles, was tapped for a host of all-American squads and won a berth on the East Squad in the Japan Bowl Game in Tokyo. (Photo by JOI Jerry Atchison) Inside Front: Art by staff artist LT Bill Ray Back: Photo by J02Gary Grady Chief d Naval Operdtions: Admiral James L. Holloway 111 Staff: LTJG Bill Ray JO1 JWIV Atchison Chief of Informdtion: Rear Admiral David M.
    [Show full text]
  • Security Without War a Post-Cold War Foreign Policy
    SECURITY WITHOUT WAR A POST-COLD WAR FOREIGN POLICY Michael H. Shuman and Hal Harvey With a Foreward by Senator Paul Simon Westview Press Boulder • San Francisco • Oxford You will say at once that although the abolition of war has been the dream of man for centuries, every proposition to that end has been promptly discarded as impossible and fantastic. Every cynic, every pessimist, every adventurer, every swashbuckler in the world has always disclaimed its feasibility....But now the tremendous and present evolution of nuclear and other potentials of destruction has suddenly taken the problem away from its primary consideration as a moral and spiritual question and brought it abreast of scientific realism. It is no longer an ethical equation to be pondered solely by learned philosophers and ecclesiastics but a hard core one for the decision of the masses whose survival is the issue. – General Douglas MacArthur, 1955 CONTENTS Foreward, Senator Paul Simon Acknowledgments Introduction (n/a) Cold War Policies in a Post-Cold-War World Toward a New View of Security Organization of the Book Part I. Redefining Security 1. New Security Threats Military Threats Political Threats Economic Threats Environmental Threats A Comprehensive Policy 2. Limits to Force The Folly of U.S. Intervention The Recent Record for Other Users of Force Force as a Last Resort 3. Dangers of Arms Racing The Controlled Arms Race The War Risks of the Controlled Arms Race Political Insecurity Economic Security Environmental Security Security Without Arms Races Part II. Preventing and Resolving Conflicts 4. Political Roots of Conflict Strong Democracy and Interstate Peace Strong Democracy and Intrastate Peace Promoting Strong Democracy Abroad Promoting Strong Democracy at Home Perpetual Peace 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Naval Accidents 1945-1988, Neptune Papers No. 3
    -- Neptune Papers -- Neptune Paper No. 3: Naval Accidents 1945 - 1988 by William M. Arkin and Joshua Handler Greenpeace/Institute for Policy Studies Washington, D.C. June 1989 Neptune Paper No. 3: Naval Accidents 1945-1988 Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 1 Overview ........................................................................................................................................ 2 Nuclear Weapons Accidents......................................................................................................... 3 Nuclear Reactor Accidents ........................................................................................................... 7 Submarine Accidents .................................................................................................................... 9 Dangers of Routine Naval Operations....................................................................................... 12 Chronology of Naval Accidents: 1945 - 1988........................................................................... 16 Appendix A: Sources and Acknowledgements........................................................................ 73 Appendix B: U.S. Ship Type Abbreviations ............................................................................ 76 Table 1: Number of Ships by Type Involved in Accidents, 1945 - 1988................................ 78 Table 2: Naval Accidents by Type
    [Show full text]
  • Congressional Record-Senate Senate
    198 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JANUARY 10 6110. By Mr. HOUSTON: Petition of 22 citizens of Wichita, 6125. By Mr. THOMAS of New Jersey: Resolution adopted Kans., urging enactment of House bill 1, to impose on persons by Herbert Cawley Post, No. 188, High Bridge, N. J., recom­ operating 10 or more retail stores under the same general mending that the activities of the Dies committee be con­ management a graduated excise tax; to the Committee on tinued during the year 1940; to the Committee on Rules. Ways and Means. 6126. By the SPEAKER: Petition of the North Long Beach 6111. By Mr. MARTIN J. KENNEDY: Petition of the Democratic Club, Long Beach, Calif., petitioning consider-­ American Legion Auxiliary, New York County committee, ation of their resolution with reference to Byron N. Scott; to New York City, concerning their five~point legislative pro­ the Committee on Elections No. 2. gram for the year 1940; to the Committee on World War Veterans' Legislation. · 6112. Also, petition of the Veterans of Foreign Wars of SENATE the United States, legislative department, Washington, D. C., WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 10, 1940 urging support of House bill 2726; to the Committee on World War Veterans' Legislation. The Chaplain, Rev. Z~Barney T. Phillips, D. D., offered the 6113. By Mr. LECOMPTE: Petition of sundry citizens of following prayer: Ollie, Richland, and Sigourney, Iowa, expressing unalterable 0 God, our Heavenly Father, of whom all fatherhood is opposition to America participating in any foreign war, and named: Deliver us, we beseech Thee, from the sins that urging the continuance of the Committee Investigating Un­ divide us, from forgetfulness of Thee, from indifference to American Activities; to the Committee on Appropriations.
    [Show full text]