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Cc El Born Kingdom the War of the Spanish Succession

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Cc El Born Kingdom the War of the Spanish Succession PANEL 8 PANEL 9 ASSIGNED PANELS Exhibition The old Kingdom of Mallorca will Before, to take on a job, it was a 1715 never break apart, that is why condition to be Catalan, not any THE END OF THE history cries out: Be who you are, other nationality. Guillem d’Efak ISLAND KINGDOM? Mallorcans! Guillem d’Efak FROM TAKING (1715) ... This exhibition was commis- OCCUPATION sioned by the writer Bartomeu After that war, peace did not Mestre, who also authored the As planned, the fleet was divid- come. The surrender conditions accompanying texts. The fol- ed. One part went to Cala Llonga, were desecrated. The amnesty lowing people have collaborated where 12,000 Frenchmen landed promise degenerated into re- generously and selflessly in this on 15 June 1715. The next day, pression, with public executions exhibition by providing data and 600 soldiers from Felanitx faced and hundreds sentenced to the images, linguistic consultancy, them and some thirty men were galleys. Both firearms and blades proofreading, methodological left dead in the unequal battle. were confiscated, to the point suggestions, critical notes and Philip V’s troops continued to where even having a conch raised historical supervision: Antoni Alcúdia, and on 21 June the suspicions of being a Maulet. I. Alomar, Pere Capellà, Josep governor surrendered the well- The Kingdom’s defence system Catà, Teresa Clota, Bernat Joan, fortified square. — nearly 500 years of militia Isidor Marí, Antoni Mas, Llibertat D’Asfeld continued to Palma. warfare — was replaced by a Mestre, Jordi Miravet, Guillem On 24 June he encamped in Bourbon-Spanish army. Taxes Morro, Antoni Muñoz, Jordi Pe- Binissalem. There, from Menor- multiplied. Mallorca’s Nueva ñarroja, Damià Pons, Joan Pons, ca, he visited George Forbes to Planta Decree overturned the law Francesc Riart, Enric Ribes, Eva reprimand him for the violation on foreigners and thus important Serra, Cristòfol Soler and Miquel of the Paris Agreements, which positions were allocated to Cas- Àngel Tortell. called for no military action dur- tilians. The submission was ab- The production of this exhibi- ing peace talks. D’Asfeld under- solute: militarisation, legislation, tion has been carried out by estimated Forbes, who advised symbols, educational accultura- Quaderna, Nordest Museum and Rubí not to waver. The viceroy tion, castilianisation, economic Exhibit Services, and Enprensa. THE WAR OF THE SPANISH acted with skill. Firstly, he com- plunder, disavowal, etc. In memory of Llorenç Buades missioned a proposed surrender Castell (1952 - 25 June 2015), to a commission of the Great ...TO RETAKING (2015) an active collaborator in this SUCCESSION ON THE ISLAND and General Council. Secondly, exhibition. he reinforced the military action. Over the past 300 years, the On 28 June he led a surprise Balearic Islands and Pityuses attack on the Bourbon encamp- have stood out for their defence KINGDOM ment and on 29 June he bombed of language and self-govern- Son Fortesa estates, where ment. Although Spanish legisla- D’Asfeld was staying. That very tion has banned territory-based 28 July to 30 August 2015 same evening, D’Asfeld accepted federations — even during the the honourable surrender. Second Spanish Republic and On 2 July, D’Asfeld signed the Bourbon restoration — civil the surrender agreement. The society continues to use culture foreign Habsburg troops from as its foundation in the fight What happened on the Balearic Islands during the War of the Ibiza and Mallorca set sail for against the dismantlement and Sardinia with drums beating and division that is regularly promot- Spanish Succession? The resistance against Philip V was a flags flying. On the afternoon of ed in cycles. The language, sym- 11 July, D’Asfeld received the keys bols and memory keep alive a concerted effort by the entire Catalan nation and the war itself did to Palma. shared belonging to the Catalan nation. As Joan Pons i Marquès not end until 11 July 1715. This exhibition takes an in-depth look Map of Mallorca by D’Anville (1715), com- wrote in 1919: “Beneath the ruins missioned by D’Asfeld of the Catalan struggle beats at that fateful year on the island kingdom whilst paying homage (National Library of France, BNF) the spirit of a people, carefully watching for the hour when they to the last defenders of Catalan liberty. might bring forth their personal- ity into the light of day.” Nueva Planta Decree of Mallorca (Santa Margalita Town Council Archives) Demonstration for education in Catalan (2013). (Photo by Joana Maria Pericàs) Espai Sebastià Dalmau EL BORN CC 1715 THE END OF THE ISLAND PANEL 1 PANEL 2 PANEL 3 PANEL 4 PANEL 5 PANEL 6 PANEL 7 KINGDOM? May there never be another war The old Kingdom of Mallorca, Then our side seized the Austrian Whether from Ibiza, Palma or Ma- After that blunder everything All the boats out at sea hoisted The Duke of Anjou converted The resistance against Philip V or battle fought amongst man- Catalonia and Aragon, together Charles III and, holding tight to hon together we formed a single remained as before: the poor, with the four bars on the tallest mast. the old Kingdom into a “province”. would seal the fate of the Catalan kind! Guillem d’Efak (Equatorial with Valencia, we were a great our charters, we cried: “Out, galls nation. Guillem d’Efak their mouths shut tighter, and the Guillem d’Efak “This has taken a turn for the nation, leading to its dismantle- Guinea, 1930 - Palma, 1995) federation. Guillem d’Efak and botiflers!” Guillem d’Efak widows, crying, crying. worse!” –sang the Mallorcans. ment and the usurpation of its Author, El regne enmig del mar MENORCA, ONE OF A KIND Guillem d’Efak THE SEA MAKES HOLES AND Guillem d’Efak sovereignty. Despite the con- (Siau qui sou!). THE BLUE SEA BRIDGE OUT, GALLS AND BOTIFLERS! FILLS THEM (...AND FLOUR!) tributions of their sailors and The complete map would be ...MAIDENS YOU WILL REMAIN! THE LAST BASTION artillerymen during the siege of THE FIRST WORLD WAR? On 20 November 1700, Madrid After Barcelona recognised short-lived. In late October 1706, (GUNPOWDER...) The great contribution made by Barcelona, the battles waged in notified the Grand and General Charles III as the legitimate Philip V’s army recaptured Ori- Mallorca and the Pityuses in Bar- With the fall of Barcelona, sur- the Kingdom of Mallorca and its The War of the Spanish Succes- Council of Charles II’s death. king in October 1705 (Valencia huela and Elche and, after the After the Treaty of Utrecht and celona — even greater than the render seemed immediate in role as the final bastion defend- sion (1701-1715) was triggered The Council’s judges replied that followed suit one month later), momentous Battle of Almansa the Pact of l’Hospitalet (1713), artillerymen — was the sailors Mallorca. Philip V tried to sway ing Catalan rights and liberty, when Charles II died childless, the Kingdom of Mallorca would Philip V ordered the pro-Bourbon on 25 April 1707, others fell like Catalonia, Ibiza and Mallorca who, in hundreds of cases, sac- Joan Antoni de Rubí with threats the islanders’ participation in leaving his empire to Louis XIV’s join the Crown of Aragon and viceroy in Mallorca to treat all dominoes: Xativa, Valencia, were abandoned following the rificed their lives and farms to and bribes. His refusal led Ber- this chapter of history is little grandson Philip, Duke of Anjou, follow Catalonia’s orders. On 10 Catalans and Valencians on the Lleida, and so on. withdrawal of the imperial supply the city with gunpowder wick (Commander-in-Chief of known and seldom recognised. in an unorthodox will. England January 1701, an ambassador island as enemy rebels and to dis- The Austrian revolt on Menor- troops. Nevertheless, in defence and flour. They made thousands the Bourbon troops) to draft a and the Netherlands — against was sent to offer condolences to possess them of their property. ca would also be brief: in January of their rights and dignity, the of trips from Alcúdia, Ibiza, Fela- detailed report in November 1714 The conch is a symbol of the Maulets the prospect of a Franco-Spanish the queen. The ambassador was In September 1706 the 1707 the French fleet occupied Catalans agreed to continue the nitx, Palma, Soller and Pollença in order to orchestrate a grand and Miquelets who fought against Philip V. monarchy and with clear interests also told to “put affairs in order English-Dutch fleet commanded the island and regained control. war at any cost. Pro-Bourbon to the Catalan capital. Upon conquest expedition, under the They were used by watchtower guards in in Hispanic America — lent their according to what you have by John Leake reached Ibiza’s Pro-Bourbon governor Diego troops seized Tarragona and laid seeing the boats, the people of command of Claude François Mallorca. (Illustration by Pere Capellà) support to Archduke Charles, the witnessed in the other Kingdoms shores and the Council sur- Leonardo Dàvila repressed the siege to Barcelona. The new vice- Barcelona would popularise the d’Asfeld, the butcher of Xativa. second son of Leopold I of Austria. of the Crown of Aragon, striving rendered immediately. The fleet uprising with cruelty and public roy of Mallorca, Joan Antoni de phrase “Here comes the pantry At the advice of Menorca’s The conflict was not so much to imitate the same”. The gesture subsequently sailed to Mallorca, executions, later abolishing the Rubí i de Boixadors, decided to of Mallorca!”. Anglo-Irish military chief George based on warring dynasties as is indicative of the close ties where resistance by the viceroy privileges and system of repre- fortify the islands’ defence and Many boats were boarded Forbes, Rubí strengthened his it was on opposing ideologies: between Mallorca and Catalonia and the French garrison was sentation in November 1707.
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