DOCSLIB.ORG

Studies in African Languages and Cultures. Volumen 53 (2019)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Studies in African Languages and Cultures. Volumen 53 (2019) STUDIES 53 2019 IN AFRICAN STUDIES IN AFRICAN IN STUDIES AND LANGUAGES CULTURES LANGUAGES AND CULTURES Department of African Languages and Cultures Faculty of Oriental Studies STUDIES IN AFRICAN LANGUAGES AND CULTURES Vol. 53 (2019) Editorial Board Sergio BALDI, Università degli Studi di Napoli STUDIES Iwona KRASKA-SZLENK, University of Warsaw Marcin KRAWCZUK, University of Warsaw IN AFRICAN Rudolf LEGER, J.W. Goethe Univeristät Frankfurt am Main Helma PASCH, Univeristät zu Köln Stanisław PIŁASZEWICZ, University of Warsaw LANGUAGES Alena RETTOVÁ, School of Oriental and African Studies, London Hanna RUBINKOWSKA-ANIOŁ, University of Warsaw AND CULTURES Beata WÓJTOWICZ, University of Warsaw Vol. 53 (2019) Advisory Board/ External Reviewers Felix K. AMEKA, University of Leiden Matthias BRENZINGER, University of Cape Town Katrin BROMBER, Zentrum Moderner Orient, Berlin Janusz DANECKI, University of Warsaw Zygmunt FRAJZYNGIER, University of Colorado, Boulder Marek PAWEŁCZAK, University of Warsaw Robert PIĘTEK, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities Eugeniusz RZEWUSKI, University of Warsaw Hafizu Miko YAKASAI, Bayero University, Kano Izabela WILL, University of Warsaw Jerzy ZDANOWSKI, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University University of Warsaw 2019 Department of African Languages and Cultures Faculty of Oriental Studies STUDIES IN AFRICAN LANGUAGES AND CULTURES Vol. 53 (2019) University of Warsaw 2019 Department of African Languages and Cultures Faculty of Oriental Studies Chief Editor Nina PAWLAK, University of Warsaw Editorial Secretary Patryk Zając University of Warsaw Department of African Languages and Cultures Krakowskie Przedmieście 26/28. PL 00-927 Warsaw. POLAND E-mail: [email protected] Cover design Anna Gogolewska English language Editor Michał Zagrodzki ISSN 2545-2134; e-ISSN 2657-4187 © Copyright by University of Warsaw Press 2019 © Copyright by Department of African Languages and Cultures 2019 The entire journal content is freely available on the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Licence. Publication co-financed from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education grant and funds provided by the University of Warsaw authorities On-line version is available at http://www.salc.uw.edu.pl University of Warsaw Press Nowy Świat 4. PL 00-497 Warsaw [email protected] Sales Department: phone (+48 22) 55-31-333 E-mail: [email protected] Internet Bookshop: www.edu.pl Layout Anna Gogolewska Printed by Totem.com.pl Contents FROM THE EDITORS 7 ARTICLES Isa Yusuf CHAMO The use of address forms among faculty academic staff of Bayero University, Kano 9 Magreth J. KIBIKI The pragmatic functions of the marker sawa in spoken Swahili 29 Nataša RASCHI Le camfranglais comme exemple de parler jeune 57 Taiwo EHINENI The ethnopragmatics of Yoruba personal names: Language in the context of culture 69 Marcin KRAWCZUK The image of Muslims and Islam in Christian Ethiopic hagiographies written in Gə‘əz 91 Robert PIĘTEK Christianity and the formation of the ideology of power in Soyo in the 17th century 117 REVIEWS Studia Africana. Papers in Honour of Sergio Baldi (Topics in Interdisciplinary African Studies 46), edited by Gian Claudio Batic & Rudolf Leger. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag 2017, 169 pp., ISBN 978-3-89645-915-2 (Izabela Will) 135 Language, Literature and Culture in a Multilingual Society. A Festschrift for Abubakar Rasheed. Vol. I-II, edited by O.-M. Ndimele, M. Ahmad & H.M. Yakasai. Linguistic Edition 105-106, Muenchen: Lincom GmbH 2016, 1122 pp. (Patryk Zając) 139 Sergio Baldi, Grammatica di lingua Hausa con esercizi e brani di lettura. Milano: Editore Ulrico Hoepli 2017, 195 pp. (Stanisław Piłaszewicz) 145 FROM THE EDITORS The journal Studies in African Languages and Cultures (until 2017 known as Studies of the Department of African Languages and Cultures) is published annually by the University of Warsaw. The journal is a forum for presentation of the latest research in various fields of African Studies. It promotes studies on African languages, literatures, and cul- tures. Scholars working in these areas are cordially invited to submit the results of their work for publication. Original research based on sources in African languages is recommended. The journal comprises articles, monographs, and reviews, as well as bibliogra- phies, lexicographic studies and other source materials. Some issues are devoted to specialized topics or events. All papers are reviewed according to the Journal’s criteria. The journal is indexed with and included in: • Linguistic Abstracts • Linguistic Bibliography Online • MLA International Bibliography • Index Copernicus International • CEJSH Submission guidelines are available at the Journal’s website www.salc.uw.edu.pl. For further information please write to the Editors at <[email protected]>. The printed version of the journal is distributed through subscription on the basis of exchange with academic centres. Please address the offers of journal ex- change to: University of Warsaw Faculty of Oriental Studies Department of African Languages and Cultures Krakowskie Przedmieście 26/28. PL 00-927 Warsaw. POLAND Studies in African Languages and Cultures Vol. 53, 2019 ISSN 2545-2134; e-ISSN 2657-4187 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32690/SALC53.1 ARTICLES Isa Yusuf Chamo Bayero University, Kano The use of address forms among faculty academic staff of Bayero University, Kano Abstract This paper investigates the use of address forms among the academic staff of the Faculty of Arts and Islamic Studies at the Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria. The aim is to find out whether there is variation in the use of the terms between the members of academic staff of the Faculty which has six Departments (Arabic, English, History, Islamic Studies and Sharia, Nigerian Languages, Linguistics and Foreign Languages). An ethnography research method and the Variationist Sociolinguistics Theory are used to collect and analyze the data. Following the findings, three address forms are presented in more detail, namely titles, nicknames, and kinship terms. Special attention is put to the title Malam, which originally referred to a teacher or a person versed in Islamic knowledge, but nowa- days is used more commonly than any other type of address forms. The research shows that age, gender, social status, degree of intimacy, and context of communication deter- mine the use of the address forms among academic staff. The findings reveal that the staff members of the Faculty favor traditional address terms which are used in Hausa society rather than the terms corresponding to their professional rank. In addition, these address forms are culture specific and the dominant culture is Hausa. Keywords: address form, title, nickname, kinship term, Hausa, Bayero University, Kano 10 Isa Yusuf Chamo 1. Introduction Address forms or terms of address are linguistic forms used in addressing others to attract their attention or to refer to them in the course of a conversation. Address forms are a social phenomenon. They are significant for effective and successful communication and have long been considered a very salient indica- tor of the status of relationships. Because of a series of social factors, address forms vary in different situations (Yang 2010). Learning how people address one another in a certain language is an important issue in studying communication and hence establishing social relationships between individuals. Linguistic scholars consider the study of address terms a fruitful field for sociolinguistics due to the fact that it shows how interpersonal relationships can be socially and strategically constructed (Fitch 1991, Morford 1997). Scholars define the address forms based on the theoretical background they adopt and the direction of research they conduct, but their definitions are similar. For instance Fitch (1991: 255) states that “Personal address terms are a ubiquitous feature that reflects a universal communicative activity: speakers addressing and referring to each other”. Oyetade (1995: 515) asserts that “address forms are words or expressions used to designate the person being talked to while talk is in progress”. Keevallik (1999: 125) writes that “address forms are a sensitive means of expressing social relations between interlocutors”. Carl (2000: 12) defines address forms as “a communicative activity in which speakers address or refer to each other”. Afful (2006a) maintains that “terms of address constitute an important part of verbal behavior through which the behavior, norms and practices of a society can be identified”. Sociolinguists generally agree that the usage of address terms is governed by the rules stating which forms are used in which circumstances. Parkinson (1985: 225) emphasizes that “Knowledge of the proper use of terms of address [and reference] is (…) as important to the overall success of communication as knowledge of the conjugation of verbs would be”. This paper investigates the use of address forms among the academic staff of the Faculty of Arts and Islamic Studies at the Bayero University, Kano, i.e. the way individual speakers or groups of speakers use the repertory of the address variants available to them. The Uni- versity setting is multilingual. It comprises people from different ethnic groups in Nigeria and beyond. Also people at the Faculty are of great cultural diversity. The paper’s main hypothesis is that social position, intimacy, age and gender determine the form of address used by academic staff in the Faculty. It is also examined to what extent the main sociolinguistic assumption
Load more

Recommended publications
  • November 2011 EPIGRAPH
    République du Cameroun Republic of Cameroon Paix-travail-patrie Peace-Work-Fatherland Ministère de l’Emploi et de la Ministry of Employment and Formation Professionnelle Vocational Training INSTITUT DE TRADUCTION INSTITUTE OF TRANSLATION ET D’INTERPRETATION AND INTERPRETATION (ISTI) AN APPRAISAL OF THE ENGLISH VERSION OF « FEMMES D’IMPACT : LES 50 DES CINQUANTENAIRES » : A LEXICO-SEMANTIC ANALYSIS A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of a Vocational Certificate in Translation Studies Submitted by AYAMBA AGBOR CLEMENTINE B. A. (Hons) English and French University of Buea SUPERVISOR: Dr UBANAKO VALENTINE Lecturer University of Yaounde I November 2011 EPIGRAPH « Les écrivains produisent une littérature nationale mais les traducteurs rendent la littérature universelle. » (Jose Saramago) i DEDICATION To all my loved ones ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Immense thanks goes to my supervisor, Dr Ubanako, who took out time from his very busy schedule to read through this work, propose salient guiding points and also left his personal library open to me. I am also indebted to my lecturers and classmates at ISTI who have been warm and friendly during this two-year programme, which is one of the reasons I felt at home at the institution. I am grateful to IRONDEL for granting me the interview during which I obtained all necessary information concerning their document and for letting me have the book at a very moderate price. Some mistakes in this work may not have been corrected without the help of Mr. Ngeh Deris whose proofreading aided the researcher in rectifying some errors. I also thank my parents, Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • An African Basketry of Heterogeneous Variables Kongo-Kikongo-Kisankasa
    ISSN 2394-9694 International Journal of Novel Research in Humanity and Social Sciences Vol. 8, Issue 2, pp: (2-31), Month: March - April 2021, Available at: www.noveltyjournals.com An African Basketry of Heterogeneous Variables Kongo-Kikongo-Kisankasa Rojukurthi Sudhakar Rao (M.Phil Degree Student-Researcher, Centre for African Studies, University of Mumbai, Maharashtra Rajya, India) e-mail:[email protected] Abstract: In terms of scientific systems approach to the knowledge of human origins, human organizations, human histories, human kingdoms, human languages, human populations and above all the human genes, unquestionable scientific evidence with human dignity flabbergasted the European strong world of slave-masters and colonialist- policy-rulers. This deduces that the early Europeans knew nothing scientific about the mankind beforehand unleashing their one-up-man-ship over Africa and the Africans except that they were the white skinned flocks and so, not the kith and kin of the Africans in black skin living in what they called the „Dark Continent‟! Of course, in later times, the same masters and rulers committed to not repeating their colonialist racial geo-political injustices. The whites were domineering and weaponized to the hilt on their own mentality, for their own interests and by their own logic opposing the geopolitically distant African blacks inhabiting the natural resources enriched frontiers. Those „twists and twitches‟ in time-line led to the black‟s slavery and white‟s slave-trade with meddling Christian Adventist Missionaries, colonialists, religious conversionists, Anglican Universities‟ Missions , inter- sexual-births, the associative asomi , the dissociative asomi and the non-asomi divisions within African natives in concomitance.
    [Show full text]
  • Christianity and the Formation of the Ideology of Power in Soyo in the 17Th Century
    Studies in African Languages and Cultures, No 53, 2019 ISSN 2545-2134; e-ISSN 2657-4187 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32690/SALC53.6 Robert Piętek Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities Christianity and the formation of the ideology of power in Soyo in the 17th century Abstract The aim of the article is to present the role of the Christian elements in the formation of the ideology of power in Soyo in the mid of the 17th century. Thanks to its location, the province of Soyo played an important role in Kongo’s relations with Europe. Its location also meant that European influences in this province were stronger than in the rest of the Kingdom of Kongo. A permanent mission of the Capuchin order in Soyo was established as early as 1645. The province became virtually independent from Kongo in the 1640s. By that time, the political elite had formed an ideology of power largely based on the traditional elements of the Kongo culture. While it contained references to Christianity, the emphasis was put on the separateness and uniqueness of Soyo gained in victorious military conflicts with Kongo. The use of the Christian elements in rituals caused occasional conflicts between the secular authorities and the Capuchins. Keywords: Soyo, Kongo, Christianity, ideology of power 1. Introduction During the early modern period, Kongo constituted a fascinating example of an African state whose ruler and a considerable amount of political elites were in- terested in maintaining close relations with Europe, from the very first contacts established with the Portuguese toward the end of the 15th century.
    [Show full text]
  • The Issue of Colour Naming in Some Indigenous Nigerian Languages
    European Scientific Journal May 2014 edition vol.10, No.14 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431 EXPANDING THE DOMAINS OF ENGLISH INFLUENCE: THE ISSUE OF COLOUR NAMING IN SOME INDIGENOUS NIGERIAN LANGUAGES Rabi Abdulsalam Ibrahim Department of English and Literary Studies Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria Abstract This paper discusses the expanding domain of English in Nigeria, a country where English is its official language. Schmied (1991) explores the domains where English has impacted upon some African languages. One domain he did not include was that of colour naming. This paper investigates the impact of English on speakers of some indigenous Nigerian languages, with emphasis on Hausa, in relation to the languages’ colour terms. It finds that some English colour terms have been loaned into these languages. The terms commonly loaned are blue, and to a lesser extent yellow, gold and silver. The loaned terms have some of their phonemes adapted to follow the phonemic patterns of the indigenous languages. The most common phonemic adaptation that features in the languages is the split consonant feature. Examples of phoneme adaptations of English colour terms in some Nigerian languages include, ibulu for blue in Igala, bulu in Hausa and ehbulu in Esan, while yellow is yalo in Hausa. This paper concludes that with the global influence of English in world, more domains would be impacted upon by the language. Keywords: English Language, Domains, Nigeria Introduction Nigeria is a country with several ethnic groups and languages. Gordon (2005) lists 510 living languages in Nigeria. However, it is actually hard to give an exact number of languages in Nigeria because some linguists argue that some so called languages are no more than dialects of each other.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DA BAHIA - UNEB DEPARTAMENTO DE EDUCAÇÃO - DEDC/CAMPUS I PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM EDUCAÇÃO E CONTEMPORANEIDADE - Ppgeduc
    1 UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DA BAHIA - UNEB DEPARTAMENTO DE EDUCAÇÃO - DEDC/CAMPUS I PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM EDUCAÇÃO E CONTEMPORANEIDADE - PPGEduc MILLE CAROLINE RODRIGUES FERNANDES DE ANGOLA À NILO PEÇANHA: TRAÇOS DA TRAJETÓRIA HISTÓRICA E DA RESISTÊNCIA CULTURAL DOS POVOS KONGO/ANGOLA NA REGIÃO DO BAIXO SUL Salvador 2020 2 MILLE CAROLINE RODRIGUES FERNANDES DE ANGOLA À NILO PEÇANHA: TRAÇOS DA TRAJETÓRIA HISTÓRICA E DA RESISTÊNCIA CULTURAL DOS POVOS KONGO/ANGOLA NA REGIÃO DO BAIXO SUL Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação e Contemporaneidade/PPGEduc- UNEB, no âmbito da Linha de Pesquisa I - Processos Civilizatórios: Educação, Memória e Pluralidade Cultural, como requisito para a obtenção do Título de Doutora em Educação e Contemporaneidade. Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Jaci Maria Ferraz de Menezes Co-orientador: Prof. Dr. Abreu Castelo Vieira dos Paxe Salvador 2020 3 4 5 Disêsa Ngana! (Licença Senhores/as!) Às pessoas mais velhas e às crianças, peço Nsuá (Licença). À minha Avó Mariazinha, à Minha Mãe e Madrinha Valdice Herculana (Mamãe Didi) e à minha Mãe biológica Maria José (Mamãe Zezé), as primeiras mulheres com quem aprendi a reverenciar os antepassados, a benzer com as folhas e a encantar o alimento. À Angola por ter sido acalento e cura para minh’alma. Aos Reis, Rainhas, Jindembo, Osoma, N’gola e Sekulos, por terem reconhecido minha origem angolana, pelo doce acolhimento, por me (re)ensinar a importância da nossa ancestralidade e por verem em mim ‘Makyesi’ (Felicidade). 6 AGRADECIMENTOS Agradecer às pessoas que trilharam conosco os caminhos mais difíceis e, muitas vezes, até improváveis, é uma singela forma de tentar retribuir, recompensar em palavras e gestos, mas é também tentar tornar-se digna de tanta generosidade encontrada nesta intensa e maravilhosa travessia.
    [Show full text]
  • REVISTA DE HISTÓRIA COMPARADA 2011 Ano 5 Volume
    ISSN: 1981-383X Programa de Pós-graduação em História Comparada / UFRJ REVISTA DE HISTÓRIA COMPARADA 2011 Ano 5 Volume 5 Número 1 1 Revista de História Comparada (2011) – Ano 5 – Volume 5 – Número 1 – ISSN: 1981-383X Copyright© by Silvio de Almeida Carvalho Filho, Andréia Cristina Lopes Frazão da Silva, Fábio de Souza Lessa e Leila Rodrigues da Silva (editores) et alii , 2011. Revista de História Comparada. Programa de Pós-graduação em História Comparada/UFRJ. Ano 5, v. 5, n. 1. Rio de Janeiro: PPGHC, 2011. Semestral ISSN: 1981-383X História Comparada. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Programa de Pós-graduação em História Comparada. Programa de Pós-graduação de História Comparada Endereço: Largo de São Francisco de Paula n 1o., sala 311 – Centro – Rio de Janeiro – RJ BRASIL – CEP 20051-070 Tel.: 0 XX 21 2221-4049 Tel e Fax : 0 XX 21 22214049 Fax: 0 XX 21 2221-1470 E-mail: [email protected] Site : http://www.hcomparada.ifcs.ufrj.br Revisão: Edson Moreira Guimarães Neto Apoio Técnico: Edson Moreira Guimarães Neto, Marcelo Fernandes de Paula, Rafael Pinheiro de Araújo, Rodrigo Ballasteiro Pereira Thomaz 2 REVISTA DE HISTÓRIA COMPARADA Número 1 - Volume 5 – 08 - 2011 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO Reitor: Prof. Dr. Aloísio Teixeira INSTITUTO DE HISTÓRIA Diretor: Prof. Dr. Fábio de Souza Lessa PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM HISTÓRIA COMPARADA Coordenador: Profa. Dra. Gracilda Alves COMITÊ EDITORIAL Prof. Dr. Silvio de Almeida Carvalho Filho Profª. Dra. Andréia Cristina Lopes Frazão da Silva Prof. Dr. Fábio de Souza Lessa. Profª. Dra. Leila Rodrigues da Silva COMITÊ DE APOIO TÉCNICO Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • English Fricative Rendition of Educated Speakers of English from a North-Central City of Nigeria
    International Journal of Language and Literary Studies Volume 2, Issue 3, 2020 Homepage : http://ijlls.org/index.php/ijlls English Fricative Rendition of Educated Speakers of English from a North-Central City of Nigeria Theodore Shey Nsairun Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile – Ife, Nigeria/Federal University Lokoja, Nigeria [email protected] Eunice Fajobi *(Correspondence Author) [email protected] Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile – Ife, Nigeria DOI: http://doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v2i3.321 Received: Abstract 22/05/2020 This paper examines the influence of ethnicity on the realization of the Accepted: English fricatives articulated by selected educated speakers of English 13/08/2020 from four ethnic groups of Ebira, Igala, Hausa and Okun-Yoruba residing in Lokoja, a North-Central city of Nigeria. Data for the study consist of 1080 tokens elicited from 120 informants. The study was Keywords: English fricatives, guided by a synthesis of the theoretical frameworks of Honey’s (1997) ethnicity, Sociophonology and Azevedo’s (1981) Contrastive Phonology. sociophonology, Perceptual and acoustic analyses of the data reveal that, although contrastive phonology, speakers tend to not articulate sounds that are absent in their phonemic acoustic analysis inventory with the dexterity expected of their level of education, co- habitation seems a factor that has robbed off on the respondents’ level of performance in this study. Results reveal further that 80% overcame their linguistic challenges to correctly articulate the test items while 30% generally had difficulty articulating the interdental fricatives /P/ and /D/ and the voiced palato-alveolar fricative /Z/; perhaps, because these sounds are absent in their respective phonemic inventories.
    [Show full text]
  • The Sheng Identity, Cultural Background and Their Influence on Communication in Academic Endevours: the Case of Machakos University College
    International Journal of Social Science and Economics Invention(IJESSI) Volume 02 Issue 05 July 2016, page no. 6 to 12 Available Online at - www.isij.in Peer Review Article e-ISSN 2455 -6289 Open Access The Sheng Identity, Cultural Background and Their Influence on Communication in Academic Endevours: The Case of Machakos University College *1Mmbwanga Florence Wanguba, 2Simiyu Evelyn Etakwa Machakos University, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Linguistics and Languages, Machakos, Kenya Abstract: Young people in Kenya want to be identified with Sheng and some, in addition, want to be identified with their cultures. Sheng is a slang language originating in Nairobi, Kenya, spoken by the youth all over the country. It is a mixture of several languages, mainly English, Kiswahili and Kenyan languages. It is coined in the eastern part of the city. Youths from other parts of the country also come up with their own vocabulary which may be at variance with this Sheng. At Machakos University College there are various types of Sheng used which become a hindrance in the communication process between the students themselves and in academic discourse. Cultural background, which is manifested in incorrect pronunciations, coupled with dissimilar interpretations of the varieties of sheng also affects communication in academic discourse. The objectives of this study are designed to answer the question of whether the use of Sheng and the cultural background of the students have an impact on communication between the lecturer and the students and among students themselves. Purposive sampling will be used to get the respondents. Qualitative methods will be used to analyze the data.
    [Show full text]
  • Mbele a Lulendo
    ø Mbele a lulendo: a study of the provenance and context of the swords found at Kindoki cemetery, Mbanza Nsundi, Bas-Congo Master dissertation by Amanda Sengeløv Key words: power symbol, iron, bakongo, burial rites During the summer excavations carried out by the Kongoking project in the lower-Congo area, five swords where found in the tombs at the Kindoki cemetery. The study of these swords aims to understand the meaning of the deposition of these elite objects in a grave context and trace their provenance. The results of the analysis of these case-studies suggested sixteenth century European hilt types unified with indigenous produced blades. Swords were perceived as power symbols because of the embedded local mentality towards iron, which had a prominent role in the foundation myth of the kingdom. Also the form of the imported sixteenth century swords recalled these local ideas of religion and ideology. The swords had two different meanings; mainly they were used as investiture and where conceived as status symbols, only occasionally they were used as true mbele a lulendo. Mbele a lulendo-swords had a metaphysical connotation and were used during several rites, like executions. Some scholars presume that they used two kinds of swords for these different purposes; the European swords only as status symbols and the native swords as mbele a lulendo. I argue in this dissortation that the European swords where a status symbol as well as true mbele a lulendo. There is not a difference in meaning, but rather a difference in chronology. The European swords were gradually replaced by indigenous fabricated swords, which were inspired by the sixteenth century European examples.
    [Show full text]
  • Central African Identities and Religiosity in Colonial Minas Gerais 2012
    Kalle Kananoja Central African Identities and Religiosity in Colonial Minas and Religiosity Identities African in Colonial Gerais Central Kalle Kananoja Central African Identities and Religiosity in Colonial Minas Gerais 2012 Åbo Akademi University | ISBN 978-952-93-0489-9 Central African Identities and Religiosity in Colonial Minas Gerais Kalle Kananoja Åbo Akademi University / 2012 © Kalle Kananoja Author’s address: Department of History Åbo Akademi University Fabriksgatan 2 FI-20500 Åbo Finland e-mail: [email protected] ISBN 978-952-93-0489-9 (paperback) ISBN 978-952-93-0490-5 (PDF) Printed by Uniprint, Turku Table of Contents Maps ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� i Acknowledgments ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������iii 1 Introduction ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 1 1.1 Main Issues and Aims of the Study ....................................................... 1 1.2 Overview of the Literature �������������������������������������������������������������������� 4 1.2.1 The Slave Trade between Angola and Brazil and its Cultural Implications ......................................................... 4 1.2.2 Africans and Their Descendants in Mineiro Society ..................... 8 1.3 African Identities in Colonial Brazil.....................................................11 1.4 Creolization and Syncretism in the Southern Atlantic
    [Show full text]
  • The Use of Camfranglais in the Italian Migration Context
    Paper The use of Camfranglais in the Italian migration context by Sabrina Machetti & Raymond Siebetcheu (University of Foreigners of Siena, Italy) [email protected] [email protected] May 2013 SABRINA MACHETTI, RAYMOND SIEBETCHEU University of Foreigners of Siena (Italy) The use of Camfranglais in the Italian migration context 1. INTRODUCTION It is nearly ten years since the concept of lingue immigrate (Bagna et al., 2003), was formulated. To date, immigrant minority languages are poorly investigated in Italy. Actually, when referring to applied linguistics in the Italian context, research tends to focus on Italian language learning and acquisition by immigrants but it does not take into consideration contact situations between Italian and Immigrant languages. The linguistic mapping of these languages (Bagna, Barni, Siebetcheu, 2004; Bagna, Barni, 2005; Bagna; Barni, Vedovelli, 2007) so far undertaken empowers us to consider them as belonging to a linguistic superdiversity in Italy (Barni, Vedovelli 2009). Consequently, rather than being an impediment, immigrant languages shall enrich research in this area of study, without disregarding the complexity at both individual and collective levels. Bagna, Machetti and Vedovelli (2003) distinguish Immigrant languages from Migrant languages. For these authors, unlike Migrant languages which are languages passing through, Immigrant languages are used by immigrant groups that are able to leave their mark on the linguistic contact in the host community. A clear example of such immigrant language is called Camfranglais, an urban variety that stems from a mixture of French, English, Pidgin English and Cameroonian local languages (Ntsobé et al., 2008). On the basis of this backdrop, we present a case study started in 2008 across various Italian cities that focuses on the outcome of the interaction between Italian and Camfranglais.
    [Show full text]
  • Hybrid Juvenile Discourse in Cameroon Roland Kießling 0
    Hybrid juvenile discourse in Cameroon Roland Kießling 0 Introduction Camfranglais1, a highly hybrid sociolect of the urban youth type (Kießling and Mous 2004) in Cameroon‘s big cities Yaoundé and Douala, serves its adolescent speakers as an icon of ʻresistance identity‘. They consciously create and transform this sociolect of theirs by manipulating lexical items from various Cameroonian and European sources, in an effort to mark off their identity as a new social group, the modern Cameroonian urban youth, in opposition to established groups such as the older generation, the rural population and the Cameroonian elites who have subscribed to the norms of ʻla francophonie‘. The present contribution explores the strategies employed in the process of lexical manipulation and goes beyond Kießling 2005 in that it looks into the ambivalent nature of Camfranglais as an ʻantilanguage‘ (Halliday 1978) which reflects a provocative attitude of its speakers and their jocular disrespect of linguistic norms and purity on the one side and the way it grows in the media to become an icon of an emerging new identity of modern juvenile Cameroonian urbanity. In many multilingual and multiethnic states of Africa which have an exoglossic language policy of a long standing, such as Cameroon, linguistic hybridity of this kind is a recipe to overcome the feeling of deprivation and alienation, transcend ethnicity and linguistic fragmentation and overcome exclusion and authoritarianism by appropriating and vernacularising elitarian ex-colonial languages such as French and English while at the same time de-stigmatising vehicular languages such as Pidgin English. In this context, hybridity is a key to linguistically empower the majority of the population for communicative participation and to realise sustainable economic and technological development and democratisation.
    [Show full text]