Social Safeguards Monitoring Report

March, 2015

Kiribati: Road Rehabilitation Project

Prepared by t-m’akei Services for Ministry of Public Works and Utilities.

This social safeguards monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

FINAL REPORT

KIRIBATI ROAD REHABILITATION PROJECT (KRRP):

COMPENSATION AND LAND ACQUISITION PROCESSES

Coastal protection at lagoon side of Stewart Causeway

Dr. Temakei Tebano, t-m’akei services

December, 2014 (revised and resubmitted March, 2015)

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1. Introduction

This is the fourth and final report on the Kiribati Road and Rehabilitation Project (KRRP) for South Tarawa. It presents the most updated information on the current status of roadwork (at end of 2014) and the remaining land acquisition, compensation payout processes and land boundary settlements. To date what has been achieved is 96.2% compensation payouts made with the remaining outstanding of 3.8%. Although there remains some land boundary disputes with courts, objections to bus bays and water drainage locations, most of them have been resolved amicably hence will not pose any further progress in the physical roadwork. There are also significant unclaimed compensation due to non-presence of landowners, however, Lands Department of MELAD is doing all it can to contact them.

As far as work on the main road, 20% has been paved and tar-sealed in sections commencing from St. Anne Pre-school at eastern end of Bairiki village to as far as Bonriki International Airport; the remaining sections including Temaiku and Buota are yet to be attended in the first six months of 2015 with completion date expected in September or toward end of 2015. While this report is being compiled some portions of the road at Nanikaai, Teaoraereke and Bikenibeu are being worked. And while this report undergoes review a section just completed is in part of Bikenibeu Central to MacKenzie Point connecting the already paved portion running through Nawerewere area and the southern end of Anaanau Causeway. Beautiful painted speed humps are being put along this newly paved portion.

One of the drawbacks in the progress of the roadwork in the early part of 2014 was the inadequacy of reef mud supply required by Contractor MacConnell Dowell (MacDow). The excavation of a boat channel for L.C Tekimarawa, a dredging vessel owned by Te Atinimarawa Company Limited (TACL), did not happen as expected for a multiple of reasons including the delay of much needed funding from the European Union for plants and vehicles required by TACL for the channel excavation from which material for the roadwork would be obtained. Fortunately, Kiribati Government stepped in and granted $500,000 to TACL to pay MacDow to procure machineries and to dig the channel. With the arrival of the machinery in late November through December (2014) from the $500,000 given to MacDow, the dredging and excavation of the boat channel is now underway and much needed material for the roadwork is being supplied. It is estimated that the requirement for the remaining 80% work will exceed the quantity currently excavated by MacDow for TACL; the latter however will have to tap other reef mud resource areas to meet the required supply which should be readily available as TACL itself is now poised to provide extra tonnage with its new plants and vehicles. No further delays in the future are expected in the progress of the roadwork. In any case, while the report is being processed tipper-trucks of MacDow are shifting freshly excavated reef-mud to parts of the main road being worked. In terms of revenue, TACL is racking in substantial cash, in the order of thousands of dollars from the sale of the aggregate to the Contractor.

The last road meeting attended was with the WB-ADB mission team held at MacDow office complex in Betio in mid July (2014) where progress on the road work was discussed and with focus on land resettlement both for the road and the airfield. In attendance were: t-m’akei services, Lands Division of MELAD, Roughton Engineering International, Ministry of Works and Public Utilities, Ministry of Finance and Economic Development, and a representative for MacDow. t-m’akei services presented a brief verbal report on the then current situation of the reef mud supply and pointing out the need to resolve a contract agreement for the excavation of the boat channel at Takoronga from which the much

2 needed material would be extracted. It was also mentioned that Public Vehicles Unit (PVU) has been consulted and were prepared to take on the challenge. This turned out to be a disappointment to PVU and TACL.

Inevitably, the Office of Te Beretitenti (OB) was encouraged by the same visiting WB team, as explained by the Secretary to the Ministry of Works and Public Utilities during a special meeting held at the TACL boardroom where Secretaries from the Ministries, of Finance and Economic Planning and of Fisheries and Marine Resources Development were present; that in light of the current machinery and vehicle capacity at PVU a more equipped MacDow be given the contract to ensure work on the channel is carried out unhindered and the material supplies are delivered, this was relayed to PVU by the Secretary of Works. PVU (a state owned enterprise (SOE) under MWPU). The decision led to the procurement of the machineries required to excavate the channel but it took more than five months since mid July through late November, 2014, causing more delays, however the timing could not have been better. To keep the ball rolling, MacDow was given the green light to supplement its aggregate requirements during the waiting procurement period with licenses obtained through the assistance of Ministry of Works and Public Utilities.

While the Report was being reviewed some minor errors were highlighted in the percentage of number of compensation payouts which have been corrected. It was also brought to the notice of t-m’akei services, the Consultant that there are pending complaints by landowners and community groups regarding the use of land by the Contractor, power outage through accidental disrupting underground electrical cables, relocation of water drainages and width of access road to properties along the road, to name a few. These were not communicated to the Consultant with a view that they could be resolved amicably between landowners and the Contractor or relevant government agencies. Of the 53 cases recorded cases 7 remained unresolved or the current statuses are not recorded or reported. To date 6 are being resolved except one involving vehicle accident, regarded as unrelated to landowners and the roadwork.

2. Roles of the Consultant

t-m’akei services, the Consultant was contracted to monitor the KRRP throughout its implementation period which should have ended in December 2013. The advice was given that the then current contract be extended in light of unavoidable delays in the roadwork due to a multiple of reasons some of which were beyond reach. The extension was till end of 2014 as monitoring remained a requirement by the World Bank. Communication remained open between the Project Manager – Fiduciary Unit - Finance (Ms Reina Timau), Lands Department (MELAD) and the Ministry of Works and Public Utilities (MWPU) relating to road-related businesses. Occasional visits were made to Roughton International, the Supervisor, for regular updates on the technical aspects on the progress of the roadwork. Good working relationship was maintained with Lands Department through a series of meetings, office visits, personal dialogues, emails and phone communications; but at times minutes of pocket meetings or updates on the Compensation Payout process were not communicated to the Consultant for protocol reason or otherwise. The contents of this report could not have been compiled without effective and constant communication with principal stake holders listed above.

Consultation with landowners and affected people: As far as Clause 8 of the TOR for the Consultant, consultation with the community, especially the affected landowners and residents has been handled quite efficiently through initial consultation and updates with the Office of Lands Department handling compensation payouts. Since the beginning of the Project in late 2012 there has not been any outstanding

3 case which required the Consultant to settle through courts or through the set-up Road Dispute Committee. Compensation records show that boundary disputes are settled by the courts not Lands or other parties. All compensation related to fruit trees removed or properties partly damaged or removed have been settled by Lands and the Contractor. Unclaimed compensations require Lands to make contacts with the rightful landowner there is no need for the Consultant to intervene.

But in cases where compensation is not an issue but rather more of mechanical, technical or management in nature, as briefly outlined above, the Consultant considers appropriate ways to approach them. The most workable strategy was to examine a case by case, visit a site or make phone contact if available and consult a complainant for details of the complaint being lodged. Other stakeholders were also consulted through a one-to-one dialogue or via email exchanges for clarification, inputs and advice. A case is re- examined and an assessment made as to what further steps need to be taken. Summaries of decisions made over the remaining cases can be seen in column 5 of Table 4.

Out of 35 complaints recorded (Table 4) by the Supervisor of the roadwork, seven (7) remained unresolved but have been looked into and investigated by the Consultant through site visits and consultation with the concerned party and the relevant or lined ministries and agencies. Both sides of the story were heard to understand the issue better. These issues, as they appear, require mutual understanding between the affected landowner(s), the Contractor or/and other relevant parties. However, the issues will not affect the overall roadwork but are important to resolve to avoid any further complications and bad feeling toward any particular party.

All processes set up or made available to safeguard the interest of landowners and the smooth running of the Road Work in South Tarawa function sufficiently and effectively, this is reflected in the progress of the roadwork. No landowner to date, amongst hundreds living on the roadside, has been left out in the cold, most if not all, have been receiving adequate compensation for loss of trees and usage of property.

The Report: This is the Fourth and Final Report on the KRRP, however sensitive issues and complaints brought to the notice of the Consultant need mentioning as briefly discussed in the Introduction section. Because of the unforeseen delays in the implementation of the Project in the early stages previous reports have been submitted on extended dates. It is hoped this report can capture the remaining picture of the roadwork in the months ahead.

Table 1: Record of reports on the Kiribati Roadwork

Report Submission Date Status

Inception 2012 Submitted 2012

Second Draft August, 2013 Submitted (reviewed version available)

Mid –Term Report December, 2013 Submitted

Fourth / Final December, 2014 Drafted, reviewed and Report resubmitted, THIS ONE

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3. Compensation Process based on the Resettlement Plan

The compensation process worked perfectly as reflected in Tables 2, 3 and 4 below. All payable compensations were settled except the unclaimed entitlements because the landowner does not reside in the country or a disputed case remains with court. Of the 326 cases recorded for land settlement 13 cases remained unclaimed while 6 are still with court, which are 96.2% and 3.8% respectively (refer to Table 2, columns 4 and 6).

Table 3 shows sections of the road with villages having being or not compensated yet because the cases are unclaimed or are still with courts. Section 2 made up of Banraeaba West (SDA Korobu) finishing at Eita West (highest point) has the highest number of unsettled cases being 9 unpaid of which 6 unclaimed and 3 with courts. Second highest is Section 5 comprising Temailu right to the Bonriki Airport south- western end and joining the main road behind the Bonriki Police Station with 5 out of 13 cases unsettled of which 3 unclaimed and 2 with courts. The rest of the sections have fewer cases with an interesting single unclaimed case in Teaoraereke village at the Nanikaai/Teaoraereke/Banraeaba Section worth $1,037, about 25% of the total unpaid compensation of $4,156. This significant case, as far as landownership is concerned, the claimant resides in Rabi, Fiji. Contacts have been made through the Kiribati High Commission there. Similar cases have also been acted on while court cases await court decision on who is the rightful owner or who collects compensation money waiting at the Lands Division or reverted back to the Ministry of Finance. Legal processes work and there is no need for the Consultant to intervene as advised by Lands Division processing and handling the payouts.

Complaints by residents and groups, on a list just provided to the Consultant together with the review of the report in February, 2015 two months after the submission of the first draft report made interesting enquiries into the causes of such complaints (refer to Table 4, Annex 1). It is also important to point out that the late submission of the list could have been avoided if the Consultant had been put in the distribution list for minutes of subsequent meetings following those with the World Bank and Asia Development Bank. In any case, of the 53 cases listed on the Complaint List dating back to 2013 through January 2015 only 7 appeared unresolved.

On careful examination and assessment of all outstanding issues shows that, 1) most are management issues, 2) there had been slackness on the part of the Complainant(s) reporting back to the Supervisor of the roadwork or relevant ministries and the Contractor if the issue in question has been resolved or not. The remaining case from 2013 regarding the use of land next to the Metrological Office in Betio was resolved in early 2014 but was not reported (Ref. 1,Table 4).

Three cases for 2014, one of which is of personal in nature, relating to road accident involving two vehicles, a private vehicle was bashed onto by a driver of the Contractor. This is a private matter and requires a court settlement or a mutual settlement between the two parties, the case is personal than resettlement related (Ref. 25) is dropped from the list. The second case from Betio relating to Power Outage has nothing to do with the Contractor because, 1) the roadwork had not begun in Betio apart from bomb and metal detection and searching by the Contractor, however the issue was resolved by PUB (Ref. 18). The other case for the same year (Ref. 24) relates to an access road or entrance being too narrow even for a small car to go through. On examining the site it stands out that the access road could not have been widened to meet standard size for two distinct reasons, 1) the Complainant’s young and fruiting

5 coconut tree off the road is in the way, 2) a family cemetery within the 5 meters from the access remains an obstacle. The Contractor did the right thing. Had the complainant given her consent for the removal of the two properties for proper access road to be made; that could have been done and settled. Hence the complaint ought to be withdrawn and a bubuti - request for improvement requested instead made, the ball is in the complainant’s hands; the issue seems settled here as no compensation needs to be negotiated.

There are 3 interesting complaints issued in early 2015. Complaints: Ref. 26, 32 and 33 (Table 4, Annex 1) the first two relate to a cable conduit pass in Bikenibeu and an exposed dangerous cable in Teaoraereke, the third is on a water drainage also in Teaoraereke. Ref. 26 tells of a resident living on the roadside in Bikenibeu East area, the earlier complaint was about the complainant’s electric cable connecting his home from the distribution grid-box on the opposite side of the road was damaged during the roadwork there. The Contractor compensated the resident with a new cable which had not been laid out yet, however the conduit crossing underneath the paved road to the resident’s side of the road had been put in place for the purpose. The conduit crossing was blocked, as far as the resident, this has been cleared and all is needed is to run his cable as described. Loss of business from no electricity is beyond the project hence both the resident and agencies involved must work together to resolve this issue, it is more of management than technical. If all possible, that the Contractor or PUB could assist in the installation of this cable and other affected residents along the road, that will solve the problems.

Teaoraereke case, Ref. 32 requires immediate action before someone is electrocuted. The end of the cable connecting the complainant’s home on the opposite side of the road is being unearthed and exposed; is in the pedestrians’ walkway. Who did the connection in the first place, and under whose supervision is a question to explore? The Contractor put in water drainage along the roadside and it could not have been an oversight on their part, there must be a good reason for it. All is needed, it seems, is for someone to help entrench the cable to avoid electrocution, and the matter is settled.

The last issue, Ref. 33, on first sight, appeared complex, it concerns a request for relocating further west the drainage has already been installed in the middle of the property. The request came after the work had been completed. The landowner was traced to Tabaonga, Bikenibeu East and consulted about the issue. She kept talking about a possible relocation but Lands Department advised the Consultant that the landowner had collected the compensation money, meaning she consented, and marking the conclusion of the case.

All in all, the above cases need not be treated as potential hindrance to the roadwork, all they require is continued dialogue between the concerned parties to resolve them amicably and in a manner that will avoid bad feeling between and among stakeholders of the Kiribati Road Rehabilitation Project. t-m’akei services leaves this option open to all parties to seriously consider in their best and professional interest.

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Table 2: KRRP COMPENSATION SUMMARY (ending December 2014)

No of Compensation paid No of No. of final unclaime compens Section compens Percentage Village d ations (5km) ation for % Total compens with each ation Courts section

Nanikai - Teaoraereke - Banraeaba 1st 71 70 1 0 98.6 West (Korobu)

Banraeaba West (Korobu) - Ambo - 2nd Taborio - Eita West (Highest Point 84 78 6 3 92.9

on STRW)

Eita West - Abarao - Bikenibeu 3rd 74 72 2 1 97.3 West (Otintai Hotel)

Bikenibeu West (Otintai Hotel) - 4th Nawerewere - Temaiku West 80 79 1 0 98.8

(Teangana's land)

Temaiku West (Teangana's land) - 5th 30 27 3 2 90.0 Bonriki (Police Station - Airport)

Remaining Ananau Causeway (Nawerewere - 0 0 0 0 0.0 (1.96km) Bonriki Airport)

Total 339 0 326 13 6 96.2

Paid compensa 96.2%

tion Unclaimed Remaining 3.8% and with

courts

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Table 3: Update Payment Report – Compensation based on Resettlement Plan

Payment Amount Unpaid Total No of Paid Outstanding ($) Village compensatio compensation compensation n

Nanikai 7 7 0 $0.00 Teaoraereke 58 57 1 $1,037.00

Banraeaba 23 23 0 $0.00

Ambo 23 21 2 $997.00

Taborio 32 30 2 $343.00

Eita 42 40 2 $624.00

Abarao 14 14 0 $0.00

Bikenibeu 81 78 3 $424.00

Nawerewere 20 20 0 $0.00

Temaiku 27 24 3 $731.00

Bonriki 12 12 0 $0.00

Total 339 326 13 $4,156.00 Settled = 326/339 (96.2%) Unsettled = 13/339 (3.8%) = $4,156.00 (unclaimed and with courts) (refer to Table 2 above.

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Table 4: Summary of Complaints 2013-2015 (refer to Annex 1 – 2013-2015 Complaints…)

Ref. No. Complaint Recorded Action taken Current situation by

1. Betio (10/2;2013) KCCT want to construct tennis Contractor MCTT provided all RESOLVED (landowner retrieved land from KCC for sale and stockpiles being removed courts then MacDow used for documentation from Lands for the stockpiling with permission use of the area from MCTT (Bokai (60480)

18. Betio Power outage (Tebuka) email Issue with MacDow Should have been resolved by PUB. As far as Lands, the roadwork the Contractor has not done anything in (10/10/2014) Betio apart from bomb and metal detection and search along the main road and feeder roads, hence the issue be with PUB.

24. Bikenibeu East Access provided too narrow engineer 25/11/2014 still not done by The site was checked and the access entry made is too narrow, a small car cannot even go through it. t-m’akei services (11/4/2014) (Boramakin Tamakai) contractor then noted that a wider access could not be made due to 1) there is a fruiting young coconut tree off the road belonging to the complainant, 2) there is also a family graveyard 5 metres away from the access entry. The Contractor made the best judgment over the situation. t-m’akei services consulted the complainant and discussed the apparent reason why her access entry road is too narrow and falls short of standard width. She admitted that the two properties mentioned above belong to them and so the Contractor did the right thing. The best move possible advised is to retract the complaint and replace it with a bubuti – request to the Contractor or whoever, with the complainant’s consent for the above mentioned properties removed, and the access entry from the roadside (at ocean side) widened. The family will assist. The ball is in the hands of the complainant to take up to the Contractor or responsible authority. If the task is otherwise outside the KRRP’s and Contractor’s responsibilities then the issue is closed.

25. Mohaamed’s Scratch / dent on vehicle MacDow Not heard of outcome PERSONAL BUSINESS vehicle damaged caused by Reggie – MacDow’s (11/12/2014) driver This has nothing to do with the road and ought to be settled by both named parties.

26. Bikenibeu Conduit crossing blocked MacDow Actioned on The home of the complainant was visited and interviewed. t-m’akei services was informed that the first complaint was over (12/01/2015) (Aritaake Taraia) the electrical cable that was damaged during the roadwork carried out in the area toward end of 2014. That was resolved through the replacement and provision of the damaged cable with a new cable by the Contractor (Ref. 21). But on receipt of the cable wire Mr. Taraia found that the roadwork had paved the road in the area with a conduit piping made several metres away from the complainant’s home. The conduit crossing is for residents to bundle their cables underneath the roadwork after connecting it to the distribution grid-box on the opposite side of the road. All Mr. Taraia needs is to re-connect his cable to a distribution grid-box, run it through the closest conduit pipes and to again to his residence. Mr. Taraia mentioned he was cut off from electricity toward end of 2014 until visited; his rented small shop cannot be fully utilized and his main building where he lives has no electricity. t-m’akei services consults Lands for its view and assesses the issue as management related and both parties, the Contractor and Mr. Taraia need to resolve it amicably. It remains to be seen if the layout of the replacement cable is the Contractor’s responsibility or otherwise.

32. Teaoraereke Damaged domestic cable McDow Cause not rectified but no follow The site was visited and the complainant’s residency inspected. t-m’akei services was informed that electricity has been (29/01/2015) (Avira Awerika) up on complaint. Switched off restored but the electric cable on the opposite side of the road at the ocean side next to the Clinic connecting the resident’s during excavation for drainage home remains exposed on the roadside thus very dangerous to pedestrians and the public at large. This portion of the cable 9

along the road. wire must be put back in the ground along the drainage and from the distribution grid-box. Whose responsibility is it, PUB, the Contractor or the Complainant? Immediate action needs to be taken soonest before someone or several people are electrocuted.

33. Teaoraereke Drainage location possible LMD LMD discuss with landowner The drainage has been constructed in the middle of the land plot according to the Plan and drawings. Ms Roota Taraia was (28/1/2015) relocation? (Roota Taraia) traced to Tabaonga and consulted. She said that she approached Lands Department in early 2015 and requested the relocation of the drainage further west to the boarder. The landlady was consulted in late 2013 and early 2014 by Lands about the location of the drainage to which she initially agreed. When the work was completed she put in a request for relocation. On checking with Land’s payment records and consulting the Senior Lands Official it is clear that the landowner had collected compensation money, meaning she consented to the current location of the drainage. The supposed unclaimed payment for the case to support the complaint did not show on the final list made available at end of 2014, hence the case is resolved and closed.

TOTAL 7

2013 resolved 2014 two resolved except one re vehicle damage that is a more personal or court issue than project related. 2015 these are outside the scope of the Final Report (2014) but are important to look at. Cable laying and entrenching is done by the Contractor or Public Utilities Board (PUB) or the landowner, OR all parties named.

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4. Some Observed Road Activities 2014

January – February: Road clearing/leveling and alignment at Temaiku East moving toward main camps at south- eastern side of the Bonriki runway. Seawall construction at Anaanau Causeway continues. Nippon Causeway walls between Bairiki and Betio collapsed in several areas especially at the Bairiki side as a result of king and extreme high tides occurring at beginning toward end of January and continued into February and March, 2014.

March: MacDow has fixed several affected areas along Nippon Causeway but more damage is still happening during high spring tides. Along TUC area there are a lot of sites being badly eroded with seawater sprays on the road at the lagoon side; similarly the ocean side is badly affected, trees falling into the water and seawater destroying few properties. Work on water pipes and electrical cables along Nippon and Anderson causeways continued. Nippon Causeway road surface from Betio side right to the channel was scrapped and replaced with sand and mud, remained so as the causeway is now left to Japan Government to provide rehabilitation funds which will become available in 2016 and rehabilitation work completed in 2018 or 2019. Some portions of this same causeway at the Bairiki side have collapsed under their own weights exacerbated by wave action and extreme king tides in late 2013 and early 2014.

April through November and December: Nippon Causeway only paved portion is about 400 meters from the original tollbooth position and police lookout station toward Bairiki, the rest is left unpaved and in very poor condition, better described as neglected despite of pot holes being filled by contracted labour. It is one of the disaster zones and several vehicles have been stranded there due to wheel axles coming off or other body parts badly damaged by the bumpy hard and rough surface. It may be more sensible scrapping off the entire sealed surface and replaced with reef mud. As from May onwards focus shifted to the TUC main road area, required clearing and resurvey of the entire road were carried out. Coastal protection along Anaanau Causeway was progressing.

5. Current Status of Main Road

‘Sections’ grouping villages and districts in 5 distinct sectors of the KRRP are given in Table 3 above. In this part of the report road portions in each village or district are described to allow better understanding of how much roadwork has been achieved along the main road on South Tarawa.

Bairiki District: The road remains in reasonably good condition except a portion opposite the Bairiki Clinic at the hump site where the surfacing has given way leaving huge pot holes; this needs good filling and tar-sealing. The remaining portion of the road right up to St. Anne Preschool is fine.

Bairiki-Nanikaai Area: From St. Anne Preschool right to the Broadcasting and Publication’s radio antennae at west end of Nanikaai village is just being completed with tar-sealing. The remaining portion running through the village and to the Nanikaai end of the Anderson Causeway remains unsealed while this report is being processed but preparatory work had been done in terms of road widening and clearing. From this end to the Disabled Toamatoa camp the road surface remains rough and unsealed.

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Bairiki-Nanikaai paved road

Anderson Causeway Area: Most of it has been tar sealed; some portions at both ends are yet to be paved.

Teaoraereke District: From the eastern end of Anderson Causeway up to Taotin Trading Company this section of the main road has been prepared but not worked yet. From this point right to the University of the South Pacific Campus work is progressing and should be completed before or after Christmas break. From here all the way to western end of Banraeaba district there has been some preparation work such as tree clearing and drainage surveys, yet more work needs to be done.

Roadwork at Teaoraereke village

Banraeaba District: This sector extends from Kiribati Uniting Church Headquarter at Antebuka running through Banraeaba and Ambo villages and ends at the south-western end of Stewart Causeway. Preparation work had been done but the paving and sealing is yet to be seen.

Stewart Causeway: The current work focuses on coastal protection, the scrapping off of concrete surface has been done, paving and sealing work is yet to be completed (see cover photo and below). (Recently, all sandbags have been thrown up by super-super moon extreme king tide).

Coastal protection at Stewart Causeway

Eita District: The sector covers Taborio village at eastern end of Stewart Causeway, Tangintebu Theological College, Eita main village including Latter Day Saints Moroni High School, Abarao village and up to

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Bangantebure west-end where the Roman Catholic Church compound stands. Clearing and trimming has been done but the actual roadwork is yet to be done.

Bikenibeu District: This is one of the biggest sectors covering Bangantebure village, Tebaabubura and Otintaai International Hotel areas at Bikenibeu West district; Central Bikenibeu district covering Te Ununiki area, old Hospital area, Protestant Church and King George V/Elaine Benacchi Secondary School compounds, and ends at the Kiribati Teachers’ College (KTC) area; Eastern Bikenibeu district running through from KTC area along the lagoon side all the way to Nawerewere Hospital and finishing at south-western end of Anaanau Causeway. The only section already paved and sealed in this district commences from MacKenzie Point past the hospital and connecting Anaanau Causeway. Some portions of the remaining road in this sector are being worked while this report undergoes compilation (see photos below). (As the second draft was being written it is noted that a newly paved road had just been completed through Bikenibeu Central).

Lagoon side of old hospital with bus bay; water drainage at KGV/EBS roadside

Anaanau Causeway Area: This runs from end of Bikenibeu East District along the lagoon side all the way to Bonriki International Airport. The sector has been paved and sealed, coastal protection completed. (Most of the good work has been spoilt by extreme spring-spring tide).

Feeder Road at Bonriki: A feeder road running behind the Bonriki Police post and alongside the runway to the eastern end is in its completion stage (see photos below).

West end of feeder road connecting Anaanau Causeway; portion at east end of runway

Other Sectors: The remaining sectors yet to be worked include Temaiku and Buota districts, feeder roads in Betio and Bairiki.

2015 Highlights (while this report was being redrafted)

January 19th – 23, 1015: Very high super king tides, as a result of super-super moon, caused substantial damage to residents along Temakin lagoon side including the Betio Hospital. Flooding was everywhere, coastal protection put up by MacDow along the TUC area have been damaged leaving the areas vulnerable to further damage and erosion. Nippon Causeway showed signs of fatigue from constant wave actions from the lagoon and the ocean

13 sides. Anderson Causeway was not affected much but some flooding affected the Teaoraereke end. Stewart Causeway had some parts of the protected area in the middle affected by waves and sedimentation so as the Bairiki-Nanikaai causeway.

February to early March, 2015: A strong westerly hit the islands for more than a week adding more damage to the preceding damages caused by king tides at both sides of the island. Prolonged bad weather is damaging the road creating chaos in the transport services, is impacting the roadwork, and a number of electrical cable damages resulting from unmarked cable positions is becoming a concern for the rest of the road construction work. As this report is being revised Nippon Causeway had given way in several areas with walls at the ocean side falling apart at the Bairiki side toward the middle of the causeway. A crack at the lagoon side of the pass was identified and is being fixed. The damaged portions of the causeway are being fixed by several contractors working day and night, hence traffic is being affected but under police control. Government offices and schools have been asked to close because of difficulty in transport and the closure of Nippon Causeway at certain hours of the day and night.

Summary of Main Points

a) 96.2% of the compensation payouts have been made while 3.8% is yet to be settled. These remaining cases involve unclaimed compensation from landowners who do not reside in the country or the rightful ownership to land and boundaries needing settlement in court. Unclaimed compensation is 13, those with courts is 6.

b) Section 2 made up of Banraeaba West (SDA Korobu) and finishing at Eita West (highest point) has the highest number of unsettled cases being 9 unpaid of which 6 unclaimed and 3 with courts. Second highest is Section 5 comprising Temailu right to the Bonriki Airport south-western end and joining the main road behind the Bonriki Police Station with 5 out of 13 cases unsettled of which 3 unclaimed and 2 with courts. The rest of the sections, 3, 1, 4 have between 1 and 3 cases remaining with an interesting single unclaimed case in Teaoraereke village at the Nanikaai/Teaoraereke/Banraeaba Section worth $1,037, about 25% of the total unpaid compensation of $4,156.

c) Outstanding payouts to be made cover Teaoraereke, Ambo, Taborio, Eita, Bikenibeu and Temaiku villages (districts) totaling $4,156. As for a) above, concerted effort by Lands Department of Ministry of Environment Lands and Agricultural Development, in consultation with Ministry of Internal Affairs and other line ministries, and the Kiribati High Commission in Fiji, to resolve the remaining cases, is required.

d) Complaints recorded by the Supervisor of the roadwork do not require compensation apart from mutual agreement and proper management of the issues on hand.

e) 20% of the entire length of the main road has been paved and sealed (with additional portion between the old hospital site and connecting the already paved portion at the MacKenzie point); the rest have to be completed before end of 2015. Temaiku, Buota and feeder roads in Betio and Bairiki are yet to be worked on in 2015.

f) The only paved part of Nippon Causeway is 400 meters from the old tollbooth toward Bairiki, the rest is in bad shape.

14 g) For public convenience, the responsible Ministry for road maintenance must consider scrapping off Nippon Causeway’s surface road at Bairiki side or put on light tar sealing to last two years before it gets worse. (As the report is being redrafted Nippon Causeway appears to need a complete overhaul right away if Government considers critical for its economic and social programs to continue, it is breaking up in many places). h) The current road Contractor may consider increasing its workforce and output in light of the amount of work now completed with the remaining 80% impending work yet to be done.

Annex 1: see below

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Printing Note: KIRIBATI ROAD REHABILITATION PROJECT When printing only highlight rows and columns you want to CONTRACT No. KIR-12/01 print, open print dialog box Complaint database and then select print selection Complainant Complaint Information Resolving Complaint ref.no Type of Received Remarks Title block will be automatically Name Contact Date Road name Chainage # Complaint Received by Date Supervisor(s) Action(s) taken complaint through added when printing MCD had submitted all KCC will be building copies of letters of multi-purpose court on approval to MPWU as Adjacent part of the area being evidence that they had Kiribati to used by MacDow for Letter of ref Bokai Kaiu MCD Yard had full approval to To date MCD still utilising 1 Community 10/2/2013 meterolog Management stockpiling and storage. Contractor 29/38 dated 10/14/2014 MCD (6000/50528 (Betio) utilise the site from main site Club ical Request made to move 02/10/13 Lands Departement and station stockpile to allow MET Services. The area development to was however cleared to proceed. allow works to proceed. The contractor's plants, machineries and basecourse materials (stockpile) were The Contractor moved mobile: 91083 parked/sited too close Civil Aviation 5+800 Other (state in and all plants and 2 email:ateikake 2/12/2014 TR Management to the airport facilities. Engineer 2/19/2014 Engineer Resolved 19/02/14 (Aako Teikake) (RHS) remarks) materials away from the @hotmail.com Although initially area. approved (as request was thought to be short term) request if they could be moved. Part of fence (6.0m) Tiuere (LANDS) Engineer/consu When checkedon Owner of knocked down during Contractor reinstated 3 on behalf 2/24/2014 TR 4+760 Compensation ltants + MPWU Telephone 2/24/2014 Engineer 28/03/2014 the fence was resident trees removal in the the fence. 21283 head office back to its original state. area Concerns over access road into the new Acceess asphalt facility and how No follow up complaints Engineer/consu road this might impact on Contractor has been have been received in 4 ECO Farm (Iobi) 61040 3/18/2014 Engineering ltants + MPWU Email Asphalt potential flooding, monitoring the situation. respect of concerns that head office Plant vandalism and had been raised. poaching.

Complaint by To look at possibilty to leaseholder over shift SP say 10m -15m 'stopping bay' (owner east (still within the Other (state in Resolve Stopping place 5 Enari Bauro 4/2/2014 Mainroad 5+800 Engineering already agreed to Engineer 4/2/2014 Engineer same property) or remarks) relocated position) - position provide phycal barrier to marked and further protect the adjacent discussions 15 Jul 2014 property. When consulted Ainete Having the SP as SP is right under confirms the store is marked/pegged out is verandah/porch of Other (state in temporary closed okay with her provided no 6 Tareeti/Ainete 4/2/2014 Mainroad 5+975 Engineering Engineer 4/2/2014 Engineer Rainbow store. (Store is remarks) awaiting materials for bus shelter is to be built now temporary closed) renovation/upgrading as it will be an works. obstruction. Resident in Community liaison Nawerewere Engineer/Contractor personnel to be more complained about community liaison ph: active in making the 7 Naomi Biribo 4/11/2014 Mainroad 23+365 Management works starting (on Engineer Email 4/11/2014 personnel talked to 21099/21144 general public more drainage outfall) and Biribo to explain what aware of what is expressed concern over was happening. potential impacts to happening. Concernadjacent with properties. MacDow MacDow met with BPA on fencing and containers 28/4/14 to explain their placed on storage/plant Engineer/cons methods and procedures email: yard near transmitter Tarataake ultants + and the situation was 8 radio.kiribati@ 4/25/2014 Mainroad 5+400 Management station along Bairiki MPWU Email 4/28/2014 Resolved Angiraoi MPWU head amicably resolved with gmail.com causeway (and impacts office MacDow still able to use on underground earth the space currently conductors and radio occupied. transmissions) The matter has been This involved the resolve and the Immigration discourteous and 9 5/2/2014 5/2/2014 Immigration Officer has Resolved Officer abrupt attitude of accepted apology from MacDow staff member. the MacDow office. Son of Tekitanga Main issue turned out to confronted Contractor Engineer/cons be the removal of Tekitanga Drain regarding installation of ultants + material (spoil) from the 10 5/10/2014 7+200 Engineer Direct 5/10/2014 resolved 14/05/14 Children Easement Manhole on their plot of MPWU head property - Contractor land without their office agreed to replace consent material and this Wife of Landowner complains 2 coconut and 2 breadfruit tress Engineer/cons Contractor to settle this Engineer/consu Resolved as MacDow Roota 23+180 have removed withour ultants + compensation in the 11 5/13/2014 Mainroad Compensation ltants + MPWU Telephone 5/15/2014 already pay the Landowner plus her consent. Already MPWU head amount $546.00 before head office compensation notified and agreed office end of this week that only young coconut trees was to removed Portion of hospital MacDow had already as concrete block wall was temporary measure accidently opened up blocked opening with Director of burentau@gma other (state in 12 6/4/2014 Mainroad 24+400 Engineering during road clearing Engineer Telephone 6/4/2014 plywood. Pemanent Resolved Hospital il.com remarks) enabling roaming dogs measure to be deployed etc entering hospital onced work commences premises. on the hospital entrance. MacDow liaison officer Loss of income on store Engineer/Con explained current levels Ms Tertia 23+800 - sales as a result of 13 mobile: 61828 6/13/2014 Mainroad Compensation Email 6/17/2014 sultants + of activity and timeline Resolved Ioromi 23+900 ongoing construction KFSU which was accepted and activity. the matter closed. Damage to sewer main Engineer/cons Contractor agreed to Betio Primary Feeder Rpad 14 8/14/2014 Safety (possibly due to UXO MPWU Email 8/14/2014 ultants + reimburse cost of Resolved same day School Betio survey works). MPWU head necessary repair works. office Domestic/Commercial electrical cable broken Inpected the site with during roads work in the Fidez and PUB men who Considering the duration area. PUB attend to it carried out the checks on which is almost 4 months but after some time it the connections they urgent remdial action is fails again and when previous made. They required to enable the reported to PUB they confirm the connections business to operate confirm faulty cable Engineer/consu are alright but still again.It is proposed that 15 Sarbane Foon 8/25/2014 Main road 23+900 Engineering some where. Should be ltants + MPWU 8/26/2014 Engineer drips/cut from the Contractor supply and lay noted that this head office distribution box when new cable to the PUB Box commercial restairant switched -on, indicating on the LHS approx 80m been out of electricity faulty cable somehere. west. This already for almost 4 They also mentioned part completed when months.The average of the cable that runs inspected on 12/09/2014. daily income of under the U dicth could $1500/day been loss be the cause. and request urgent action to have the Ms Aramitati Birirake Engineer/Cons who resides at ultants + World Teaoraereke lodges the Bank complaint. Her complaint is compensation claim for MacDow Community loss of fruits from her Liaison officer Elizabeth breadfruit tree. This is working on it trying to happened during the Engineer/cons get from Lands the Ms Aramitati cutting of the huge ultants + Paid to her $81.25 and 16 9/11/2014 Main Road 7+625 Compensation Email 9/12/2014 correct rate to use Birirake casuarina tree at MPWU head closed. Resolved otherwise adopt the Teaoraereke (opp Usp) office current market price for last weekend where the breadfruit which tree took down with it 2 $3.50/fruit. branches of the breadfruit tree that had fruits on it. She cannot say how many fruits were damaged but was sad with the loss as It concerns the loss of The complainant is breadfruits on branches directed by MacDow to Engineer/consu Nei Tumea Bonnano, that were cut during the seek advise from the Resolved as satified with 17 9/19/2014 Main Road Compensation ltants + MPWU Email 9/19/2014 Engineer Teriaki Bikenibeu clearing and grubbing Lands Management Lands explanations head office work conducted last Office for compensation. week Power outage from cut The complainant is power cable during directed to MacDow who Mr Tebuka Angaieta Betio Feeder Rpad other (state in other (state in 18 10/9/2014 Management Milsearch UXO survey in Email 8/1/2014 will liaise with PUB to Baute Mobile: 61353 Betio remarks) remarks) the area rectify the issue/problem. LDS church raised concern that proposed raised kerb is limiting Engineer/consu LDS phone: 686 The Stopping Place is now Resolved as per ITC 237 19 Mr Iotua Tune 10/10/2014 Main Road 22+275 Engineering parking space for their ltants + MPWU Email 10/13/2014 Engineer 29715 extended as requested dated 14/10/14 church members and head office request if it could be extended to west end boundary Farran rejects the Bus This Stopping Place will farranredfern@ Stop infront of his house be marked or highlighted 20 Farran Redfern 10/15/2014 Mainroad 20+475 Environmental Engineer Email 10/16/2014 Engineer Resolved 17/10/14 gmail.com as was never aware to TUC that it should never become about it. designated a bus stop Aritaake complained that his rental house electrical cable been cut since Friday 17/10/14 and todate still not yet fixed. Aritaake was very annoyed and frustrated with the workers (MacDow) because they already knew the location of his burried cable when they first ITC 241 issued 20/1014 damaged it on the LHS instructs Contractor to mid last month, liaise with Taraia and Aritaake Bonnano 21 10/20/2014 Main road 21+741 Compensation secondly when they replace broken cable Resolved 20/10/14 Taraia Bikenibeu lowered the portion with new one from store under the road and now and to run it through damaging it again on existing conduit the RHS. He strongly objects to PUB methodolgy of repaiting the damaged cable which is just sealing with insulation tape. Tendenancy is very high that these two connections is likely to fail in future as they are exposed to weather. Future repair would be very expensive for him The wife and kids of It is explained with great Ueaieta (landowner) apology that this is an question why the oversight as according to stopping place is still on list of compensation that their land when they already paid, it should be had already conveyed on the adjacent land their objection in the (east) whose landowner first consultation? Francis Ngalu already agreed/collected the compensation. However, Ueaieta Bikenibeu 22 10/23/2014 Mainroad 22+025 Compensation if they still object this to Resolved Tebanana phone: 64231 stopping place then it will be moved to its proper location. It is also cleary explained that a bus shelter is not to be provided to all the stopping places. They finally agreed to have it on their land as a Stopping Place, but not a Bus-Stop with shelter and The wife of the landowner disputed and stopped the kerb concrete works on 08/11/14 by standing in ITC 254 issued 10/11/14 the trench/formwork. confirming requirement Kamaniko She complained that Other (state in to have raised kerb to 23 11/8/2014 Mainroad 21+800 Engineering Engineer 11/8/2014 Engineer Resolved 10/11/2014 Kaekateata without raised kerb in remarks) both ends of the stopping the stopping place in- place and flush kerb only front of her resident, at back. vehicles were likely to run onto her property or her kids. She wanted raised kerb to be incorporatedThe complaint and was fush ITC 262 issued around Boramakin about the access 13.55pm on 14/11/14 21+800 24 Tamakai 11/4/2014 Mainroad Engineering provided for them is not Engineer Telephone Engineer instruct comtractor to 25 /11/14 still not done (RHS) Nagiru big enough for their widen the access to vehicle standar width He claim that Reggie - matter was left for Compensation Wulf driving Macdow Jahahgir Reggie to settle with 25 MacDow 11-Dec-14 for damaged vehicle bumped into his Engineer Mohammed Jahahgir and have not vehicle. car causing dent to heard outcome front bumper ITC 241 issued 20/1014 instructs Contractor to liaise with Taraia and replace broken cable His conduit crossing the with new one from store road was blocked and Engineer/consu and to run it through other (state in other (state in 26 Aretaake Taraia MacDow 12-Jan-15 Mainroad 21+741 unable run his new ltants + MPWU existing conduit. This ITC still pending remarks) remarks) cable recently received head office was never acted upon by from MacDow the contractor. Now the road is completed in the area the contractor will have to rectify the issue at his own cost. Request safety Contacted PUB who coverage (traffic Kainga other (state in other (state in other (state in proposed that the lady 27 MacDow 1/13/2015 Mainroad control) at time when Resolved Nikotemo remarks) remarks) remarks) visit MPWU to obtain digging trench across instructions the road. power outage for 2 Confirmed that cables households at Eita. were not buried to required depth and MP Teburoro Tito other (state in 28 MacDow 1/15/2015 Mainroad was referred to PUB for Resolvced (MP) remarks) detail information on legal depth when burying power cables Concern on drop of MacDow after consulting domestic power PUB on the matter, Ms voltage. Mrs Tamiane Teauamone was complains that her informed to liaise domestic power supply directly with PUB on the no further response from Mrs Teuamone 29 Macdow 1/21/2015 Mainroad was not functioning matter. I.e. to confirm her or PUB so assume Tamiane properpy as used to be that her power supply is resolved prior being cut during now faulty ( low voltage) the KRRP works. and require a new cable to replace the current one. Tiurite for JBO Request replacement MacDow provided 23 30 MacDow 1/26/2015 Mainroad Resolved Video shop for damaged cable. meters cable on 29/Jan Request replacement MacDow provided 23 31 Ren Tebano MacDow 1/29/2015 Mainroad Resolved for damaged cable. meters cable on 30/Jan Damaged domestic MacDow informed Awira cable following that it is possible that No further response from 32 Awira Awerika MacDow 1/29/2015 Mainroad excavation. electricity power is him disconnected as cable has been repaired

The landowner complains the drainage runs in the middle of LMD is to discuss with her plot instead of the concerned Land acquisition being on western Landowner the LMD Romano 7+596 all 33 Roota 1/28/2015 Mainroad and boundary as previously Engineer Telephone possibility of acquiring Still pending Reo (LHS) Stakeholders Resettlement agreed. The plot is now the whole plot instead of unusable for future shifting the completerted development. Is it drainage. possible to shift the drainage west?

The landowner complains the drainage outfall runs in the As the construction of the middle of her plot drainage outfall is yet to Land acquisition instead of being on LMD Romano 7+950 all be done, ITC 308 is 34 Temreke Tio 1/3/2015 Mainroad and western boundary as Engineer Direct Resolved Reo (LHS) Stakeholders issued instructing Resettlement previously agreed. The contractor to shift outfall plot is now unusable for say 2-3m west. future development. Is it possible to shift the drainage west?

The access (turn out) was constructed on the The landowner existing access road that complains the access was and is still been runs in the middle of used by vechiles in the her plot instead of Engineer/cons area. However, shifting

Karibaiti Temaiku 4+000 - being on western ultants + the access west as 35 taoabak@gm 2/2/2015 Traffic MPWU Email 2/10/2015 Resolved Taoaba Road 100 boundary. The plot is MPWU head requested is not a ail.com now unusable for future office problem as it is a flush development. Is it kerb in that area. The possible to shift the current turn out to access west? remain where it is now for Landowner main access to her land.

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P.O. Box 101, Bairiki, Tarawa, KIRIBATI Phone: 686 21538 (bus/home); 686 95136 mobile

INVOICE

Invoice No. 201438

To: Ms Reina Timau Fiduciary Unit - Project Manager c/- Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning Bairiki, Tarawa KIRIBATI

From: Dr. Temakei Tebano (t-m’akei services)

Subject: Consultancy fee for South Tarawa Road Rehabilitation Land Acquisition and Compensation Payout – Fourth and Final Report

Date: 23/12/2014

Please pay USD$4,000.00 to the order of Temakei Tebano for submitting the Fourth and Final Report on South Tarawa Road Rehabilitation - Land Acquisition and Compensation Processes.

Amount due Task Period (USD$)

Submission of Fourth and Final Report on South February - 4,000.00 Tarawa Road Rehabilitation - Land Acquisition December, 2014 and Compensation Processes. @40% of USD$10,000.00

Total USD$4,000.00

With thanks – Ko rabwa

Temakei Tebano

t-m’akei services

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Bank Account Details

Financial Institution: ANZ Bank (Kiribati) Limited

Financial Institution Code: (BSB) - 8970

Account No: 108561

Swift Code: BKIRKIKI

Branch Address: P.O. Box 66, Bairiki, Tarawa

Title of Account: Temakei Tebano

ABN: -

GST Registered: -

Fax No: -

Contact Person: Dr. Temakei Tebano

Contact Phone No: (686) 21538; 28329; 93769

E-mail: [email protected]

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