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49453-002: South Tarawa Water Supply Project

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49453-002: South Tarawa Water Supply Project Initial Environmental Examination March 2020 Kiribati: South Tarawa Water Supply Project (Upgrading Water Supply Networks of South Tarawa) Prepared by the Ministry of Infrastructure and Sustainable Energy for the Asian Development Bank and World Bank. This is an updated version of the draft originally posted in August 2019 available on https://www.adb.org/projects/documents/kir-49453-002-iee-0. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) – Upgrading Water Supply Networks of South Tarawa February 2020 Kiribati South Tarawa Water Supply Project Project Design Advance -1, Grant No. 6012-KIR South Tarawa Water Supply Project – PDA-1 ESIA for Water Distribution Network Grant No. 6012-KIR EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................... VII ......................................................................................................................... IX 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 1 1.1 South Tarawa Water Supply Project .......................................................... 1 Outputs and Outcomes ................................................................................. 1 Location of South Tarawa .............................................................................. 1 Background – Environmental Impact Assessment Procedure .............................. 3 Objective of the Proposed Activity (STWSP) ..................................................... 3 Analysis of the Need for the Proposed Activity .................................................. 4 Profile and Contact Details for the Project Proponent ......................................... 5 This Report ................................................................................................. 6 2 POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK ................................................................. 7 2.1 National Laws and Regulations .................................................................. 7 Kiribati Constitution and Environment Act ........................................................ 7 Other Relevant Legislation ............................................................................ 7 Administrative Framework for Safeguards Implementation ................................. 7 2.2 Multilateral Environmental Agreements ..................................................... 8 2.3 Health, Safety, Hazard and Risk Management Standards ........................... 9 Kiribati Occupational Safety and Health Act ..................................................... 9 IFC Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines ............................................. 9 Water Quality standards ............................................................................... 9 2.4 Environmental Policies of Financing Institutions Involved in the Project 10 ADB Safeguards ........................................................................................ 10 WB Safeguards .......................................................................................... 10 Social Safeguards and Social and Gender Assessment ..................................... 11 Public Consultation ..................................................................................... 11 Disclosure ................................................................................................. 11 3 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED ACTIVITY ............................................... 12 3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................ 12 3.2 Location of the Water Network Improvements ....................................... 12 3.3 Background / Basis of Design ................................................................. 13 Existing water network situation .................................................................. 13 Future need .............................................................................................. 13 Basis of new designs of network .................................................................. 14 3.4 Description of All Activities Involved ...................................................... 16 Details of improvements ............................................................................. 16 Construction laydown areas ......................................................................... 20 Challenges ................................................................................................ 21 Water tank locations requiring land reclamation or filling ................................. 22 Finnish Consulting Group Asia Pte Ltd in association i with Fraser Thomas Partners South Tarawa Water Supply Project – PDA-1 ESIA for Water Distribution Network Grant No. 6012-KIR 3.5 Surveys and Studies Involved ................................................................. 23 Topographic Survey ................................................................................... 23 UXO Survey .............................................................................................. 24 4 DESCRIPTION OF THE BASELINE ENVIRONMENT ........................................ 25 4.1 Current Climate and Climate Change Predictions ..................................... 25 4.2 Topography, Geology and Soils ............................................................... 27 4.3 Water Resources and Water Quality ....................................................... 28 4.4 Flora and Fauna ...................................................................................... 28 Protected and Conservation Areas and Species ............................................... 28 Terrestrial Flora and Fauna.......................................................................... 29 4.5 Land Tenure, Zoning and Use .................................................................. 29 Land Tenure, Zoning and Use ...................................................................... 29 Property Rights Relating to the Water Network ............................................... 29 4.6 Human Communities ............................................................................... 30 Population ................................................................................................ 30 Social/Cultural Resources and Heritage ......................................................... 31 Health ...................................................................................................... 32 Education ................................................................................................. 34 Poverty and Marginalized Groups ................................................................. 34 Infrastructure, Public Services and Utilities .................................................... 35 4.7 Local and National Economy ................................................................... 36 Kiribati ..................................................................................................... 36 South Tarawa ............................................................................................ 37 5 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS .................................................... 38 5.1 Pre-construction and Design Phase ........................................................ 38 Impacts of Establishing Working Areas .......................................................... 38 UXO ......................................................................................................... 38 Burial sites ............................................................................................... 38 Climate Change and Natural Hazards Risks .................................................... 38 Land and Resettlement Impacts ................................................................... 39 Summary ................................................................................................. 39 5.2 Construction Phase .................................................................................... 40 Site Clearance Impacts ............................................................................... 40 Climate Change Impacts ............................................................................. 40 Noise Impacts ........................................................................................... 41 Dust Generation and Nuisance Impacts ......................................................... 41 Impacts on Terrestrial and Marine Ecology .................................................... 42 Ecological Impacts Associated with Hazardous Materials Spills .......................... 42 Impacts from Solid Waste ........................................................................... 43 Impacts Associated with Hazardous Materials................................................. 43 Impacts from Materials and Plant Haulage ....................................................
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