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Barriers Faced by Library Professionals for Technology Adoption in University Libraries of Lahore, Pakistan

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Barriers Faced by Library Professionals for Technology Adoption in University Libraries of Lahore, Pakistan University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln October 2020 Barriers Faced by Library Professionals for Technology Adoption in University Libraries of Lahore, Pakistan Khurram Shahzad GC University, Lahore, [email protected] Abid Iqbal Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac Part of the Library and Information Science Commons Shahzad, Khurram and Iqbal, Abid, "Barriers Faced by Library Professionals for Technology Adoption in University Libraries of Lahore, Pakistan" (2020). Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal). 4385. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/4385 Barriers Faced by Library Professionals for Technology Adoption in University Libraries of Lahore, Pakistan By: Khurram Shahzad Librarian GC University Lahore, Pakistan E-mail: [email protected] & Abid Iqbal Librarian Central Library Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Major goal of this study was to know barriers for opting technology by University Librarians of Lahore, Pakistan and to furnish suggestions for the effective utilization and application of the latest technological tools. Research was organized in different parts. Firstly, relevant literature was observed by the researchers to get a clear insight. Then, data-collection- instrument was shaped. The population of the study was all the full time regular working professional library staff of the universities of Lahore. The response rate was 76%. In the third phase, collected data were tabulated and analyzed through SPSS Version 24.0 to reach at conclusions. In the final phase, conclusions were inferred along recommendations. Findings of the study show that libraries can’t serve the users efficiently if the latest technologies are not implemented. In the libraries of Pakistan, IT is not being utilized properly. Library practitioners don’t have proper training to make a fruitful usage of information technologies. The libraries of Pakistan are not rich with respect to IT-based resources. The problems mentioned by the respondents indicate the need of formal training to use IT and the availability of sufficient funds. Findings of the research are very productive for Chief Librarians, organizational heads, and decision making authorities towards the application of information technology. Key Words: IT adoption, Barriers to Utilize Technology, Problems Faced by University Librarians Introduction and Background of the Study: In Pakistan, information technologies are not fully implemented and utilized. Pakistan is far behind from prosperous nations in terms of the application of technology. The libraries don’t have proper IT infrastructure. Information needs of the users can’t be fulfilled in a short time. College libraries are still not automated in Pakistan. Most of the library professionals have a traditional mind set-up. They are not innovative. Ramzan (2009) explored the levels of information technology (IT) in Pakistani libraries. He investigated the status of computers, library software, online resources and services being utilized in the libraries of Pakistan. His study revealed that the libraries were lacking in the application of Information Technology. The libraries were not provided proper funds to acquire latest technological tools. The librarians did not have proper access to computers. The study stressed a need to fully automate the libraries. Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) are not effectively utilized in Pakistan. Library professionals have the shortage of proper funds, organizational support and required skills. They are not inspired to implement latest technologies in their libraries. Shaikh (2009) stated that the institutes of Pakistan were far behind than the institutes of progressive nations. In Pakistan, technology was not properly being implemented and utilized. Pakistani institutes were not facilitated with required IT equipment. There was serious shortage of funds, support, training, positive mind set, passion etc. The study recommended an urgent need to formulate Information Technology Policy at national level so that technology may effectively be applied in the institutes of Pakistan like other leading nations of the world. Ramzan and Deljit (2010) found that library professionals were not skilled enough to implement emerging technologies in their libraries. They were not properly trained in utilizing ICTs in their organizations. Their role was very passive. They were afraid of taking risks at work-place. In most of the cases, they offered traditional services to their users. They were not involved in decision making policies related to technology. The study recommended a need to make the librarians technologically skilled so that they could operate requisite functions without facing barriers. In Pakistan, library graduates are not taught practical skills relevant to the field. Consequently, library professionals face problems in the field. They cannot do routine tasks efficiently. They are unable to work in the electronic environment. They cannot perform creative tasks. They are unable to digitize their library’s collections. They cannot make an effective utilization of the technology. They like to perform only conventional services. Shafique and Mahmood (2010) stated that there was a huge gap between the curriculum of library schools and the needs of the market. The demands of the market differed from the curriculum contents of the library schools. Graduates were taught theoretical concepts of librarianship. Library practitioners who do not like technology cannot run their libraries successfully. A creative approach is highly essential for the survival of library professionals in the fast changing highly competitive world. Advanced countries are also advanced in information technology and underdeveloped countries are also poor in technology and information. Technology is changing the routines of libraries very much. Ameen (2011) analyzed the challenges and opportunities for the library practitioners in the age of information and communication technologies. It was shown that many changes had taken place in librarianship due to the advent of information technologies. It had become a dire need of the present age for library practitioners to learn the usage of technology to survive, compete and lead in the information society. It is very essential to investigate the attitudes of the library practitioners of Pakistan. The benefits of IT can’t be achieved unless library professionals implement the latest tools of technologies with a welcoming attitude. Without investigating librarians’ problems towards technology, effective measures can’t be taken for the prosperity of libraries and for the empowerment of library practitioners. Review of Literature: There are problems on the way to implement technologies in libraries. Many research papers have highlighted some of the prominent issues that prevail in the path of information technology. These issues are an obstacle to use technology effectively. Policy makers need to identify these gaps so that they can make sound decisions about the application of emerging technologies in libraries. Some of the prominent relevant studies are illustrated as following in order to reveal important aspects related to the significance of current study: Library practitioners usually give priority to conventional services. They don’t adopt creative methods to meet the information needs of their users. Uddin (2003) investigated the problems of library practitioners in the universities of Bangladesh. The findings of the study revealed that the government was not investing sufficient budget in the sector of technologies in the libraries. Consequently, the library practitioners suffered. They couldn’t implement latest tools in their libraries. They frequently performed conventional services. The study raised the need of effective government support for the proper development of libraries and to encourage library practitioners to utilize emerging technologies effectively. In Pakistan, librarians are facing manifold problems. They have no proper funds from the government. They have no market-oriented learning from the library schools. They do not find effective administrative support. They have less learning opportunities. Their minds are not IT- oriented. They are unable to adopt emerging technologies in their libraries. Haider (2004) conducted a study to know the technology status in the libraries of Pakistan. The study revealed that there was no proper planning in the libraries of country towards technology. The utility of technology had not been fully realized by the library practitioners, policy makers and the government representatives. Barriers in software and hardware were very common. As a result, satisfactory services to the users couldn’t be provided. Library practitioners in the country were not skilled to make a proper utilization of technologies. Finance is a great problem to use technologies. Without economy, libraries can’t afford the purchase of innovative technologies. Money makes an important role in the effective utilization of emerging technologies. Without finance, libraries can’t implement technologies. Library practitioners can’t implement expensive library software and databases from their organizational allocated funds. They are compelled to perform
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