DOCSLIB.ORG

LIBYA1 OVERVIEW of MUSLIM FAMILY LAWS & PRACTICES (Updated As at 31 May 2017)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
LIBYA1 OVERVIEW of MUSLIM FAMILY LAWS & PRACTICES (Updated As at 31 May 2017) LIBYA1 OVERVIEW OF MUSLIM FAMILY LAWS & PRACTICES (Updated as at 31 May 2017) Description Family Law Matter Legislative Framework Case Law Policy Procedure Practice Equality of spouses in marriage Article 6 of the Constitution states Libya has According to the that Libyans shall be equal before reservations to 2016 UNDP Human Is there a Constitutional provision the law, enjoy equal civil and Articles 2 and 16(d) Development on equality and are there excep- political rights, have the same of CEDAW and Report, Libya tions? Are there specific laws that opportunities in all areas and be states: ranked 102 on the recognise marriage as a partner- subject to the same public duties UNDP Human ship of equals i.e. are family laws and obligations, without distinction • Article 2 of the Development Index and/or other laws relating to mar- on various basis, including gender Convention will and 38 on the riage and family relations codified or familial adherence.2 be implemented UNDP Gender or uncodified? If codified, what with due regard Inequality Index.10 are the titles of all the applicable Article 5 of the Constitution for the perempto- laws? If codified, do these laws declares the family as the basis of ry norms of Sha- According to media apply to all citizens irrespective of society and obligates the State to ri’ah principles re- reports, women’s religion? If not, do these laws ap- protect it and encourage lating to inher- rights have been ply to all Muslims or are there dif- marriage. The State is also itance; severely impacted ferent codified laws for different obligated to guarantee the following the sects within Islam? If uncodified, protection of motherhood, • The implementa- overthrow of or if codified laws do not suffi- childhood and old age and look tion of Articles Muamar Gaddafi. ciently address a particular issue, after children, young people and 16(c) and (d) will The regressive 3 how is the issue addressed e.g. persons with special needs be without preju- amendments made what Muslim school of law is ap- dice to any of the to the MDL by Law plicable? Do these laws explicitly Law No. 10/1984 on Marriage and rights guaranteed No. 14/2015 reflect state gender-stereotypical roles Divorce (Marriage and Divorce to women by the this move towards between husbands and wives e.g. Law or MDL) is the main codified Islamic Shari’ah.8 pulling back the 1 This Musawah project to map Muslim Family Laws globally was led by Zainah Anwar and coordinated by Lead Researcher Sharmila Sharma, with substantive support from Salma Waheedi and students at the International Human Rights Clinic, Harvard Law School. For this Libya country table, we would also like to thank Alyssa Oravec from Harvard Law School, and Zahra Langhi for their inputs in its preparation. 2 Article 6 of Libya’s Constitution (2011), https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Libya_2011.pdf 3 Article 5 of Libya’s Constitution (2011), https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Libya_2011.pdf 1 the husband is the head of the law that governs matters relating hard-won household or the wife is the pri- to marriage and family relations of The Government of advancement of mary caregiver? the predominantly Muslim Libya in its 2009 women’s rights in population in Libya.4 In the report to the Libya that was made Applicable CEDAW Provision absence of codified laws that CEDAW Committee in the past.11 Article 16(1)(c) sufficiently address a particular said that the MDL Paras. 17-18 GR21 matter of personal status of does not provide for Paras. 54-55 GR29 Muslims, according to Article 72 equality in respect to of the MDL, the rules of the the rights and Islamic religion that are most responsibilities suitable apply.5 Generally, Islam during marriage and in Libya is influence by the rules at its dissolution. of Maliki jurisprudence (fiqh).6 Instead, Articles 17 and 18 of the MDL The MDL provides for a marital tasks the husband framework based on “reciprocal” and wife with or “complementary” rights (as different rights and opposed to “equal” rights) responsibility between the two spouses that in towards each other.9 turn is based on the concept of male guardianship over women and children. Thus:7 8 United Nations Treaty Collection Website, https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IV-8&chapter=4&clang=_en 10 UNDP, “Human Development Report 2016”, Table 5, pp. 214-217, http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf ﻗﺎﻧون رﻗم /Marriage and Divorce Law (1984), http://aladel.gov.ly/home/?p=1246 as amended by Law No. 14/2015, http://aladel.gov.ly/home/wp-content/uploads/2015/12 4 - - pdf.14 ﻟﺳﻧﺔ 2015م ﺑﺗﻌدﯾل ﺑﻌض أﺣﻛﺎم اﻟﻘﺎﻧون رﻗم 10 ﻟﺳﻧﺔ 1984م ﺑﺷﺄن اﻷﺣﻛﺎم اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟزواج واﻟطﻼق وآﺛﺎرھﻣﺎ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 Article 72 of the Marriage and Divorce Law (1984), http://aladel.gov.ly/home/?p=1246; Lynn Welchman, “Women and Muslim Family Laws in Arab States: A Comparative Overview of Textual Development and Advocacy”, (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2007), p. 45, https://goo.gl/AeQSDU 6 Alison Pargeter, “Libya”, in Women’s Rights in the Middle East and North Africa: Progress Amid Resistance, eds. Sanja Kelly and Julia Breslin (New York, NY: Freedom House; Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2010), pp. 8, 10, https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/inline_images/Libya.pdf 7 Articles 2, 17-18 of the Marriage and Divorce Law (1984), http://aladel.gov.ly/home/?p=1246 as amended by Law No. 14/2015, http://aladel.gov.ly/home/wp- pdf; Lynn Welchman, “Women and Muslim.ﻗﺎﻧون رﻗم 14 ﻟﺳﻧﺔ 2015م ﺑﺗﻌدﯾل ﺑﻌض أﺣﻛﺎم اﻟﻘﺎﻧون رﻗم 10 ﻟﺳﻧﺔ 1984م ﺑﺷﺄن اﻷﺣﻛﺎم اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟزواج واﻟطﻼق وآﺛﺎرھﻣﺎ/content/uploads/2015/12 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Family Laws in Arab States: A Comparative Overview of Textual Development and Advocacy”, (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2007), pp. 173-174, https://goo.gl/AeQSDU. Before 2015, Article 18(a) required a wife to provide her husband with financial maintenance if he is destitute and the wife is wealthy. 9 Libya State party report, U.N. Doc. CEDAW/C/LBY/5 (2009), pp. 36-37, http://www.ohchr.org/en/hrbodies/cedaw/pages/cedawindex.aspx 11 Jazya Gebril, “Women’s Rights in Libya: Preserving Past Gains, Fearing for the Future”, The Legal Agenda, 19 December 2015, http://legal- agenda.com/en/article.php?id=3113; Hanan Dakhil, “5 years after the revolution that toppled Muammar Qaddafi, Libya’s missing link is its women”, New York Times, 22 December 2016, http://nytlive.nytimes.com/womenintheworld/2016/12/22/5-years-after-the-revolution-that-toppled-muammar-qadaffi-libyas-missing-link-is-its-women/ 2 • Article 2 defines marriage as a contract between a man and a woman who is legally available to him based on the foundations of affection, compassion and harmony; • Article 17 provides that the wife is entitled to the following from her husband: (i) financial maintenance; (ii) non- interference with her personal properties; and (iii) not causing her physical or mental injury; • Article 18 tasks the wife with: (i) concern for the husband’s comfort and his emotional and mental stability; (ii) supervision of the marital house and organisation and maintenance of its affairs; (iii) raising, protecting and nursing her children, provided she is not prevented from doing so because of a medical impediment; (iv) refraining from harming the husband physically and psychologically. 3 Minimum and equal legal age The minimum legal age for According to Girls for marriage marriage is 18 for females and Not Bride, child males as per Article 6(a) of the marriages are Is there a minimum age of mar- MDL.12 However Article 6(b) relatively rare in riage? Are there exceptions to the provides that a judge may permit Libya. In 2006/07 minimum age (e.g. min. age at 18, girls and boys below 18 to marry if only 2% of women with exceptions to 16)? Is there it is beneficial to the parties or aged 20-24 were an absolute minimum age without there is a necessity and after the married by 18.14 exceptions? Is there equality in agreement of the guardian.13 However: the minimum age of marriage? Does the minimum age of mar- The law does not specific an ab- • According to a riage match the age of majority? solute minimum below which a media report, Is there a minimum age verifica- marriage cannot be authorised. following the tion process before the marriage overthrow of is concluded? Muamar Gaddafi and the Applicable CEDAW Provision deterioration of Article 16(2) the security Paras. 36-39 GR21 condition across the country, the problem of child brides is now emerging, with ISIS fighters reportedly forcefully marrying girls as young as 12;15 ﻗﺎﻧون رﻗم 14 ﻟﺳﻧﺔ 2015م ﺑﺗﻌدﯾل /Article 6(a) of the Marriage and Divorce Law (1984) as amended by Law No. 14/2015, http://aladel.gov.ly/home/wp-content/uploads/2015/12 12 - - - - - - pdf; Before 2015, the original Article 6(a) had 20 as the minimum marriage age.ﺑﻌض أﺣﻛﺎم اﻟﻘﺎﻧون رﻗم 10 ﻟﺳﻧﺔ 1984م ﺑﺷﺄن اﻷﺣﻛﺎم اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟزواج واﻟطﻼق وآﺛﺎرھﻣﺎ - - - - - - - - - - - - ﻗﺎﻧون رﻗم 14 ﻟﺳﻧﺔ 2015م ﺑﺗﻌدﯾل /Article 6(b) of the Marriage and Divorce Law (1984) as amended by Law No. 14/2015, http://aladel.gov.ly/home/wp-content/uploads/2015/12 13 - - - - - - pdf.ﺑﻌض أﺣﻛﺎم اﻟﻘﺎﻧون رﻗم 10 ﻟﺳﻧﺔ 1984م ﺑﺷﺄن اﻷﺣﻛﺎم اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟزواج واﻟطﻼق وآﺛﺎرھﻣﺎ - - - - - - - - - - - - 14 Farzaneh Roudi-Fahmi and Shimaa Ibrahim, “Ending Chid Marriage in the Arab Region”, (Girls Not Bride Policy Brief, 2013), Figure 1, p.1, http://www.prb.org/pdf13/child-marriage-arab-region.pdf 15 Heather Saul, “Isis in Libya: Families forced to marry girls as young as 12 to fighters for protection as clinics see growing number of miscarriages and STDs”, Independent, 12 May 2015, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/isis-in-libya-families-forced-to-marry-girls-as-young-as-12-to-fighters-for-protection-as- clinics-10244257.html 4 • According to academic research, the minimum legal age for marriage of 18 is frequently violated in the rural areas.16 Women’s consent to marriage Regardless of their age, both pro- A marriage contract According to spective brides and grooms must must be registered information gathered Is a marriage valid without the consent to the marriage.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Encyclopedia of Women & Islamic Cultures
    Encyclopedia of Women & Islamic Cultures Divorce and Custody: Contemporary Practices: Mauritania and Egypt (5,360 words) Article Table of Contents 1. Moorish Women’s Agency 2. Khulʿ Versus Repudiation in Islamic Jurisprudence 3. Divorce and Bridewealth 4. Khulʿ in Egypt 5. The Status of Divorced Women in Egypt and in Mauritania 6. Bibliography Moorish Women’s Agency Moorish women in Mauritania did not wait for the introduction of a personal status code that guaranteed their right to divorce. The situation of Moorish women in this regard is different from that of Moroccan or Egyptian women who rediscovered this right through the legislative reforms concerning personal status. Thus, in Morocco the reform of the family code of 2004, the “New Mudawanna,” permits a woman to add a clause to her marriage contract giving her the right to divorce if her husband takes another wife. In Egypt, the personal status code of 2000 gives women the right to divorce, or khulʿ, even without the consent of her husband. It may also be noted that in Egypt and Morocco, legislative advances most often concern only urban zones and certain social milieus, and are not always implemented, given the weight of tradition and the persistence of certain types of gender relations. By contrast, Moorish women know how to exploit the social importance of their right to divorce, and are well supported by their families. Almoravids introduced the Mālikī school of jurisprudence into this region in the eleventh century. Moorish society is made up of Bedouin tribes, many of which are now sedentary and concentrated mainly in the capital city of Nouakchott.
    [Show full text]
  • Mark Your Calendar! Development Goals (Mdgs)
    Arab African Advisers Restructure your future Governance Observer Monthly newsletter that brings in best practice on governance with a focus on Arab and African countries experiences Vol. 1, Issue 10, March 2014 In this issue Gender Equality Gender equality and women‟s empowerment are human rights that are Page 1 - Gender Equality critical to sustainable development and achieving the Millennium - Mark Your Calendar! Development Goals (MDGs). Despite progress in recent years, women and girls account for six out of 10 of the world‟s poorest and two thirds of the Page 2 - Legislative Updates world‟s illiterate people. Only 19 percent of the world‟s parliamentarians are - Facts & Figures women and one third of all women are subjected to violence whether in times of armed conflict or behind closed doors at home. This is why UNDP Page 3 - Rwanda: A Revolution in integrates gender equality and women‟s empowerment into its four focus Rights for Women areas: poverty reduction, democratic governance, crisis prevention and - Women Empowerment: recovery, and environment and sustainable development… Union for the Mediterranean Conference When women and men have equal opportunities and rights, economic Held to Determine Priority growth accelerates and poverty rates drop more rapidly for everyone. Projects Reducing inequalities between women and men is critical to cutting in half Page 4 - Regulatory Policy and the number of people living in absolute poverty by 2015... Behavioural Economics The world‟s poorest and most vulnerable people are dependent
    [Show full text]
  • Unemployment
    Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized CONTENTS Acknowledgements . .. ix Abbreviations & Acronyms . xi Executive Summary . xiii Growth and Jobs: Low Productivity, High Demand for Targeted Skills . xiii Youth-related Constraints: Women, Mobility, and Core Competencies . xv Labor Market Programs: A Better Balance between Demand and Supply . xvi Transforming the Youth Employment Trajectory: Toward an Integrated Approach .. xvii Context and Objectives . 1 Conceptual Framework . 2 Approach . 4 Profile of Jobs and Labor Demand . 7 Growth Trends . 7 Types and Quality of Jobs . 9 Labor Costs . 12 Demand for Workforce Skills . 14 Recruitment and Retention . 14 Conclusions . 16 Profile of Youth in the Labor Force . 17 Demographic and Labor Force Trends . 17 Education . 20 Gender . 21 Unemployment . 23 Job Skills and Preferences . 24 Conclusions . 28 MAURITANIA | TRANSFORMING THE JOBS TRAJECTORY FOR VULNERABLE YOUTH iii Landscape of Youth Employment Programs . 29 Mapping Key Labor Market Actors . 29 Youth Employment Expenditure . 30 Active Labor Market Programs . 33 Social Funds for Employment . 33 Vocational Training . 34 Monitoring and Evaluation of Jobs Interventions . 34 Social Protection Systems . 34 Labor Policy Dialogue . 36 Conclusions . 37 Policy Implications: Transforming the Youth Employment Trajectory . 39 Typology of Youth Employment Challenges and Constraints . 39 From Constraints to Opportunities . 40 Toward an Integrated Model for Youth Employment . 48 Conclusions: Equal Opportunity, Stronger Coalitions . 48 Technical Annex . 49 Chapter 1 . 49 Chapter 2. 52 Chapter 3 . 56 Figues, Tables, and Boxes FIGURE 1 Conceptual framework for jobs, economic transformation, and social cohesion . 3 FIGURE 2 Growth outlook for Mauritania, overall and by sector, 2013–2018 . 8 FIGURE 3 Sectoral contribution to GDP and productivity, Mauritania, 1995–2014 .
    [Show full text]
  • Knowledge Management for Culture and Development: MDG-F Joint
    AARABRAB STATESSTATES AFRICA LATIN AMERICA South East EUROPE ASIA ARAB STATES CULTURE AND DEVELOPMENT CULTURE CULTURE AND DEVELOPMENT CULTURE AND DEVELOPM DEVELOPMENTCULTURE CULTURE AND DEVELOPMEN CULTURE AND DEVELO CULTURE AND DEVELOPMENT MOROCCO MOROCCO MDG-F JointProgrammes PALESTINIAN TERRITORY PALESTINIAN in EGYPT, MAURITANIA, EGYPT, and the OCCUPIED OCCUPIED PALESTINIAN TERRITORY MOROCCO EGYPT MAURITANIA Culture and Development in the Arab States Sharing centuries-old vast cultural, religious, linguistic and historical heritage, the Arab States have long placed their heritage at centre stage, focusing on its pro- motion for tourism as a path to development. The recent Arab Spring movement has indicated a wave of change that has swept the Arab region, where people are calling for new solutions that will bring peace and development. In this ground-breaking transition taking place in the Arab region, culture is a powerful source of hope and identity, a motor of social and economic development, playing a key role in reconstruction and in laying the groundwork for a culture of peace. Within this context, the MDG-F Culture and Development Joint Programmes The MDG-F Joint Programmes on Culture implemented in the Arab States greatly contribute to a holistic vision of development and Development in the Arab States in which the role of culture is highly valued. Focusing particularly on safeguarding > 4 Joint Programmes: Egypt, Mauritania, Morocco and occupied Palestinian territory (oPt) the diverse cultural heritage and using it as an enabler
    [Show full text]
  • Home Truths: a Global Report on Equality in the Muslim Family
    Musawah (‘Equality’ in Arabic) is a global movement for equality and justice in the Muslim family. Musawah builds on decades of effort to reform Muslim family laws that discriminate against women and to resist regressive amendments demanded by conservative groups within society. Musawah was initiated by Sisters in Islam (Malaysia) and a planning committee of Muslim activists and academics from eleven countries. Musawah is pluralistic and inclusive, bringing together NGOs, activists, scholars, practitioners, policy makers and grassroots women and men from around the world. Participation is based on proven commitment to promoting rights in Muslim families, whether from religious, secular or other perspectives. Compiled from reports submitted by national level organisations and activists in 30 countries, Home Truths provides background information about the family laws and practices in these countries, including details of why equality in the family is necessary and the opportunities available that make equality in the family possible. Musawah calls for equality, non-discrimination, justice and dignity as the basis of all human relations; full and equal citizenship for every individual; and marriage and family relations based on principles of equality and justice, with men and women sharing equal rights and responsibilities. The time for realising these principles in our laws and in our daily lives is now. Home Truths: A Global Report on Equality in the Muslim Family c/o Sisters in Islam (SIS Forum Malaysia) 7 Jalan 6/10, 46000 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, MALAYSIA Tel : +603 7785 6121 Fax : +603 7785 8737 Email: [email protected] Web : www.musawah.org Home Truths: A Global Report on Equality in the Muslim Family Home Truths Introduction ...............................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 2013 Model Arab League Background Guide
    2012 - 2013 Model Arab League BACKGROUND GUIDE Arab Court of Justice ncusar.org/modelarableague Table of Contents Docket A: Jordan v. Libya: Over the failure of Libya to pay health care and associated costs of Libyans being treated in Jordan following the conflict in Libya. ................................................................. 2 UAE v. Oman: Regarding the status of Borders and Territorial Governance concerning the historically disputed territory of the Musandam Peninsula. ........................................................... 4 League of Arab States (represented by Bahrain) v. Qatar: Regarding Muslim Brotherhood election rigging. .............................................................................................................................. 6 Kuwait v. Somalia: Regarding Somali government misuse of donations made by the State of Kuwait through the Kuwait Fund to the Somali state and its citizens. ........................................... 7 Palestine v. Lebanon: Over legal employment opportunity restrictions imposed upon Palestinian refugees in Lebanon. .................................................................................................... 8 Docket B: Sudan v. Egypt: Regarding the mistreatment of Sudanese refugees in Egypt in violation of the UNHCR 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and the 1967 Protocol, of which Egypt became a signatory on 21 May 1981. ................................................................................... 9 Advisory Opinion: Extradition of former
    [Show full text]
  • Female Genital Mutilation in Africa: an Analysis of Current Abandonment Approaches
    Female genital mutilation in Africa An analysis of current abandonment approaches December 2005 A.C.S. Plaza, 4th Floor, Lenana Road P.O. Box 76634, Nairobi, 00508 Tel: 254.20.3877177 Fax: 254.20.3877172 email: [email protected] www.path.org Suggested citation: Muteshi J, Sass J. Female Genital Mutilation in Africa: An Analysis of Current Abandonment Approaches. Nairobi: PATH; 2005. Copyright © 2006, Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH). All rights reserved. The material in this document may be freely used for education or noncommercial purposes, provided the material is accompanied by an acknowledgement line. Table of contents Acronyms ............................................................................................................................ 3 Executive summary ............................................................................................................ 4 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 6 2 FGM prevalence.......................................................................................................... 7 FGM prevalence by residence ..................................................................................... 8 FGM prevalence by ethnicity ...................................................................................... 9 FGM prevalence by education..................................................................................... 9 FGM prevalence by religion.......................................................................................10
    [Show full text]
  • State of Play of EU-Mauritania Relations
    DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR EXTERNAL POLICIES POLICY DEPARTMENT IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS State of play of EU-Mauritania relations ABSTRACT Mauritania, an important ally of the EU in the fight against terrorism in the Sahel, faces several inter-related development challenges: ensuring an efficient use of the revenue derived from natural resources, economic diversification and improved governance. The severity of these development challenges is increased by difficult political relations between the three main ethnic groups in the country, the dominant group being the Arab-Berber Bidhan. They constitute less than one-third of the country’s population, but dominate economically and politically. The Haratin, the largest group in the country, is made up of descendants of black Africans enslaved by the Bidhan (freed or still enslaved). The third group in the country is the West Africans or Black Mauritanians. Mauritania’s post- independence history is marked by repeated attempts by this group to assert its non-Arab identity and claim for a more equitable share of political and economic power. The tension that these divisions create is a problem in itself, but they can also be appropriated by violent Islamist insurgencies in the region. The urgency of this challenge is further complicated by the likelihood of increased climate change effects that the country is currently not adequately prepared for. This study therefore discusses the main political, economic and development challenges that contemporary Mauritania is faced with, illustrating how these challenges can only be properly grasped with consideration to their historical evolution. Based on this, the study investigates the current basis for EU-Mauritania relations and suggests a select number of policy areas for consideration, as this relationship continues to evolve around issues of mutual concern such as security and development.
    [Show full text]
  • Part III Shari'a, Family Law, and Activism
    Badran.211-232:Layout 1 12/6/10 3:44 PM Page 211 Part III Shari‘a, Family Law, and Activism Badran.211-232:Layout 1 12/6/10 3:44 PM Page 212 Badran.211-232:Layout 1 12/6/10 3:44 PM Page 213 Chapter 9 Women and Men Put Islamic Law to Their Own Use: Monogamy versus Secret Marriage in Mauritania Corinne Fortier In recent years, several Muslim countries have instituted significant leg- islative reforms, especially with respect to marriage and divorce. In Mauri- tania, the government introduced the first personal status code in 2001. This code recognizes women’s right to monogamy. But this code has not brought about a sociojuridical revolution, because these rights have long been rec- ognized and enforced in the Moorish society of Mauritania.1 They are ju- ridically and religiously legitimized in the classic Maliki legal texts that govern Moorish juridical practice. The right to monogamy is found in the classical texts of Islamic law (shari‘a), which form the legal basis of this society. Moorish women did not wait for the introduction of a personal status code that guaranteed their right to monogamy. The situation of Moorish women in this regard is different from that of Moroccan women, who in 2004 gained the right to monogamy through the reform of the family code, the Mudawana, which permits a woman to add a clause to her marriage con- tract giving her the right to divorce if her husband takes another wife. Un- 213 Badran.211-232:Layout 1 12/6/10 3:44 PM Page 214 214 CORINNE FORTIER like women elsewhere in Africa and the Middle East, Moorish women in Mauritania have traditionally contracted monogamous marriages.
    [Show full text]
  • Parallel Report to the Government's Report
    Mauritanian For Women's Rights Mauritanienne Pour les Droits de la Femme (MPDF) Parallel Report to the Government's Report JUNE 2014 0 Introduction Mauritanian women's rights is a new founded coalition but it includes several civil associations formed Over decades and including women in the media at The Network of Mauritanian Women Journalists and The Mauritanian Organization of Blind People which both care of Disabled Woman Rights In Mauritania. In addition to rural cooperatives that are involved in the preparation of the report. The report was completed by the efforts of these organizations members that have almost all benefited of a regular formation by the IWRAW in cooperation with the National Association for the Mauritanian Blinds and The Network of Mauritanian Women Journalists. This report aims to assess the status of women referring to the Convention of Elimination of all Discrimination Forms against Women, after 7 years of the first report and after several changes on the women conditions and efforts of advocacy teams and the activists in this field who defended women a lot and sought to make its voice heard in the international ceremonies through a partnership with many international organizations, non- governmental organizations and the best proof of this IWRAW Asia Pacific women initiative by the shadow report training. We seek through this report to see how much progress Mauritania has realized on applying CEDAW Convention between 2007 and 2014 to assess the conditions that women live actually and this has been set using the following: A variety of studies Reports of field monitoring Research and Surveys National Population Census of 2013 National Anti-Poverty Strategy 2011 / 2015 We aims also to offer through this report a help to the concerned authorities of the government and non-governmental organizations and international organizations and ordinary citizens, or those interested in this domain in order to assess and improve equality between men and women in Mauritania.
    [Show full text]
  • Women's Empowerment in the Mediterranean Region
    Commission for Citizenship, Governance, Institutional and External Affairs Women’s Empowerment CIVEX in the Mediterranean Region © European Union, 2017 Partial reproduction is permitted, provided that the source is explicitly mentioned. More information on the European Union and the Committee of the Regions is available online at http://www.europa.eu and http://www.cor.europa.eu respectively. Catalogue number: QG-02-17-840-EN-N; ISBN: 978-92-895-0937-4; doi:10.2863/878975 Women’s Empowerment in the Mediterranean Region This report was written by dr. Katarzyna Sidło (research team leader), Iakov Frizis, dr. Olimpia Dragouni, dr. Anna Ruzik-Sierdzińska, Karolina Beaumont, Givi Gigitashvili, Anne-Christin Winkler and dr. Christopher A. Hartwell (CASE – Center for Social and Economic Research). It does not represent the official views of the European Committee of the Regions. Contents 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Scope and objectives ...................................................................................... 1 1.2 Methodology and work progress ................................................................... 1 2. Overview of the gender equality legislation and the state of play .................... 3 2.1 Demography and family policies and access to services ............................... 3 2.2 Combating violence against women .............................................................. 6 2.3 Access to education .......................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Mauritania's Campaign of Terror: State-Sponsored Repression of Black Africans
    MAURITANIA'S CAMPAIGN OF TERROR State-Sponsored Repression of Black Africans Human Rights Watch/Africa (formerly Africa Watch) Human Rights Watch New York $ Washington $ Los Angeles $ London Copyright 8 April 1994 by Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 94-75822 ISBN: 1-56432-133-9 Human Rights Watch/Africa (formerly Africa Watch) Human Rights Watch/Africa is a non-governmental organization established in 1988 to monitor promote the observance of internationally recognized human rights in Africa. Abdullahi An- Na'im is the director; Janet Fleischman is the Washington representative; Karen Sorensen, Alex Vines, and Berhane Woldegabriel are research associates; Kimberly Mazyck and Urmi Shah are associates; Bronwen Manby is a consultant. William Carmichael is the chair of the advisory committee and Alice Brown is the vice-chair. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was written by Janet Fleischman, Washington representative of Human Rights Watch/Africa. It is based on three fact-finding missions to Senegal - - in May-June 1990, February-March 1991, and October-November 1993 -- as well as numerous interviews conducted in Paris, New York, and Washington. Human Rights Watch/Africa gratefully acknowledges the following staff members who assisted with editing and producing this report: Abdullahi An-Na'im; Karen Sorensen; and Kim Mazyck. In addition, we would like to thank Rakiya Omaar and Alex de Waal for their contributions. Most importantly, we express our sincere thanks to the many Mauritanians, most of whom must remain nameless for their own protection and that of their families, who provided invaluable assistance throughout this project.
    [Show full text]