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The Security Printing Practices of Banknotes
The Security Printing Practices of Banknotes A Senior Project presented to the Faculty of the Graphic Communication California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Graphic Communication; e.g. Bachelor of Science by Corbin Nakamura March, 2010 © 2010 Corbin Nakamura Table of Contents Abstract 3 I - Introduction and Purpose of Study 4 II - Literature Review 7 III - Research Methods 22 IV - Results 28 V - Conclusions 34 2 Abstract Counterfeit goods continue to undermine the value of genuine artifacts. This also applies to counterfeit banknotes, a significant counterfeit problem in today’s rapidly growing world of technology. The following research explores anti-counterfeit printing methods for banknotes from various countries and evaluates which are the most effective for eliminating counterfeit. The research methods used in this study consists primarily of elite and specialized interviewing accompanied with content analysis. Three professionals currently involved in the security- printing industry were interviewed and provided the most current information about banknote security printing. Conclusions were reached that the most effective security printing methods for banknotes rest upon the use of layering features, specifically both overt and covert features. This also includes the use of a watermark, optical variable inks, and the intaglio printing process. It was also found that despite the plethora of anti-counterfeit methods, the reality is that counterfeit will never be eliminated. Unfortunately, counterfeit banknotes will remain apart of our world. The battle against counterfeit banknotes will have to incorporate new tactics, such as improving public education, creating effective law enforcement, and relieving extreme poverty so that counterfeit does not have to take place. -
Mountain Pine Beetle-Attacked Lodgepole Pine for Pulp and Papermaking
Operational extractives management from- mountain pine beetle-attacked lodgepole pine for pulp and papermaking Larry Allen and Vic Uloth Mountain Pine Beetle Working Paper 2007-15 Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5 (250) 363-0600 • cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/regions/pfc Natural Resources Ressources naturelles Canada Canada Canadian Forest Service canadien Service des forêts Operational extractives management from mountain pine beetle-attacked lodgepole pine for pulp and papermaking Larry Allen and Vic Uloth Mountain Pine Beetle Initiative W orking Paper 2007œ15 Paprican 3800 W esbrook Mall Vancouver, B.C. V6S 2L9 Mountain Pine Beetle Initiative PO # 8.43 Natural Resources Canada Canadian Forest Service Pacific Forestry Centre 506 W est Burnside Road Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 1M5 Canada 2007 ≤ Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2007 Printed in Canada Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Allen, Larry Operational extractives m anagem ent from m ountain pine beetle-attached lodgepole pine from pulp and paperm aking / Larry Allen and Vic Uloth. (Mountain Pine Beetle Initiative working paper 2007-15) "Mountain Pine Beetle Initiative, Canadian Forest Service". "MPBI Project # 8.43". "Paprican". Includes bibliographical references: p. Includes abstract in French. ISBN 978-0-662-46480-8 Cat. no.: Fo143-3/2007-15E 1. Pulping--British Colum bia--Quality control. 2. Pulping--Alberta--Quality control. 3. Paper m ills-- Econom ic aspects--British Colum bia. 4. Pulp m ills--Econom ic aspects--Alberta. 5. Lodgepole pine--Diseases and pests–Econom ic aspects. 6. Mountain pine beetle--Econom ic aspects. -
Protection Coat for Banknotes
BANKNOTES “The production of banknote paper is constantly being developed in order to make banknotes more counterfeit-proof, more soil-resistant and more durable.” Wolfgang Neuß, Specialist for banknotes and security paper machines, Voith Paper The way to keep banknotes clean longer Protection coat for banknotes The life of a banknote is sometimes very short. Like the famous Thaler coins, it travels from one hand to another, transforming in the process from a clean note to a wrinkled, dirty scrap of paper. There is a new protection coat that can be used to improve the durability of banknotes and make them more impervious to soil. Some years ago, it was a common of Voith Paper. No other specialty and measures taken, money counter- notion that banknotes would increa- paper captures so much attention in feiters time and again succeed in ma- singly be replaced by electronic cash. the development of new production king duds that consumers are only This has yet to be proven, and the and counterfeit-proofing methods than able to recognize with great difficulty banknote is still a means of payment banknote paper. In addition to paper as counterfeit. In Canada, for examp- as much as it ever was. The banknote mills, banknote producers also include le, 26-year-old criminal Wesley Wayne paper sector has seen a growth rate security paper printers, security inks Weber was able to introduce 67,000 of five percent, thus giving it a top producers as well as security threads counterfeit 100 dollar bills into circu- position in the paper sector. -
Design of Security Paper with Selective Frequency Reflection
sensors Article Design of Security Paper with Selective Frequency Reflection Characteristics Sang-Hwa Lee 1, Min-Sik Kim 2, Jong-Kyu Kim 2 and Ic-Pyo Hong 1,* 1 Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Kongju National University, Gongju 31080, Korea; [email protected] 2 National Security Research Institute, Daejeon 34188, Korea; [email protected] (M.-S.K.); [email protected] (J.-K.K.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 31 May 2018; Accepted: 11 July 2018; Published: 13 July 2018 Abstract: In this research, a security paper based on frequency selective structure technologies was designed and fabricated using selective wave reflection characteristics to prevent the offline leakage of confidential documents. Document leakage detection systems using security papers detect security papers using transceiving antenna gates. For the application of such systems, the structure must be designed with excellent reflection performance and stability at the angle of incidence. For this purpose, a loop and patch-type frequency selective structure based on a four-legged element structure was designed to have X-band frequency reflection characteristics. This design was based on optimized variables and was realized through the screen printing method using silver ink on A4 paper. It was verified that both the design and simulation results matched well. To verify its actual applicability, a detector module operable at 10 GHz was manufactured to observe both the security paper detection range in relation to distance with a signal strength of −10 dBm and the detection area in relation to the number of times that the security paper had been folded. -
Corrugated Board Structure: a Review M.C
ISSN: 2395-3594 IJAET International Journal of Application of Engineering and Technology Vol-2 No.-3 Corrugated Board Structure: A Review M.C. Kaushal1, V.K.Sirohiya2 and R.K.Rathore3 1 2 Assistant Prof. Mechanical Engineering Department, Gwalior Institute of Information Technology,Gwalior, Assistant Prof. Mechanical Engineering 3 Departments, Gwalior Engineering College, Gwalior, M. Tech students Maharanapratap College of Technology, Gwalior, [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT Corrugated board is widely used in the packing industry. The main advantages are lightness, recyclability and low cost. This makes the material the best choice to produce containers devoted to the shipping of goods. Furthermore examples of structure design based on corrugated boards can be found in different fields. Structural analysis of paperboard components is a crucial topic in the design of containers. It is required to investigate their strength properties because they have to protect the goods contained from lateral crushing and compression loads due to stacking. However in this paper complete and detailed information are presented. Keywords: - corrugated boards, recyclability, compression loads. Smaller flutes offer printability advantages as well as I. INTRODUCTION structural advantages for retail packaging. Corrugated board is essentially a paper sandwich consisting of corrugated medium layered between inside II. HISTORY and outside linerboard. On the production side, corrugated In 1856 the first known corrugated material was patented is a sub-category of the paperboard industry, which is a for sweatband lining in top hats. During the following four sub-category of the paper industry, which is a sub-category decades other forms of corrugated material were used as of the forest products industry. -
Security Strip for a Security Paper for Currency & Banknotes
Patentamt Europaisches || || 1 1| || || || 1 1| || || || || || (19) J European Patent Office Office europeen des brevets (1 1 ) EP 0 536 855 B1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION (45) Date of publicationation and mention (51) Int. CI.6: B42D 15/00, B41M3/14 of the grant of the patent: 11.12.1 996 Bulletin 1 996/50 (21) Application number: 92203692.6 (22) Date of filing: 24.02.1987 (54) Security strip for a security paper for currency & banknotes Sicherheitsstreifen fur ein Sicherheitspapier fur Wertpapiere und Banknoten Ruban de securite pour papier de securite pour papiers fiduciaires et billets de banque (84) Designated Contracting States: (74) Representative: Williams, John Francis et al CH DE FR GB IT LI NL SE WILLIAMS, POWELL & ASSOCIATES 34 Tavistock Street (43) Date of publication of application: London WC2E 7PB (GB) 14.04.1993 Bulletin 1993/15 (56) References cited: (62) Application number of the earlier application in EP-A- 0 070 172 EP-A- 01 05 969 accordance with Art. 76 EPC: 87102596.1 EP-A- 0 181 770 DE-A- 1 446 851 GB-A- 237 828 GB-A- 1 486 079 (73) Proprietor: CRANE &CO.INC. GB-A-2103 669 US-A-4 552 617 Dalton Massachusetts 01226 (US) US-A-4 652 015 (72) Inventor: Crane, Timothy T. • DATABASE WPIL Week 8446, Derwent Windsor, Massachusetts 01226 (US) Publications Ltd., London, GB; AN 84282244 & AU-A-1 793 283 (AQUINO) • GB-A-J19963 (JULES GERNAERT) CO LO LO CO CO CO Note: Within nine months from the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent, give LO any person may notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to the European patent granted. -
Hologram Application Machines
BRING UNIQUE HOLOGRAM APPLICATION MACHINES INTO YOUR FACILITY OPTAGLIO HAS BEEN IN THE ABOUT FOREFRONT OF DECLARE YOUR DEVELOPMENT OF OPTAGLIO ON SUBCONTRACTORS TECHNOLOGIES INDEPENDENCE OPTAGLIO is a leading global provider of advanced ABOUT OUR OF OPTICAL optical security devices and the market leader in e-beam lithography. During 25 years of our SECURITY TECHNOLOGY IN-HOUSE APPLICATION OF SECURITY ELEMENTS history, we have delivered hundreds of millions of FOR MORE THAN holograms to governments, financial institutions e-beam lithography is the most advanced technology Although applied holograms and other security elements are often delivered 20 YEARS. and other organizations in more than 50 countries for creating optical security elements. Optical to the document producers for integration into their products, the own around the world. Our unique technology has been holographic structures are generated through in-house application brings nonnegligible benefits like: PP-ID CARD broadly recognized as the industry standard sophisticated mathematic algorithms which can be HOLOGRAM for optical security. brought together neither through reverse engineering Security enhancement through consistent control over the entire production process. OPTAGLIO, certified to relevant international nor any other method. Therefore no unauthorized APPLICATOR Cost decrease (material, transport, and logistics). standards, operates under strict 24/7 security person can produce the same hologram. IS THE MOST Seamless process management. supervision. Our comprehensive security system Thanks to the unrivaled mastering of e-beam HIGH-POWERED covers people, processes, data, and facilities. lithography, we produce holograms with visual effects Higher flexibility of production timing with independence on delivery scheduling. The company is a member of International that cannot be imitated in a comparable quality. -
Paper Machine System Diagram
TMEIC Corporation Paper Machine System Diagram Paper Machine One-Line Press Section Head Box Forming Section Calender Dryer Size Reel Sections Press Driven roll Mechanical Components of Paper Associated Drive Control Concepts Regenerative Machine Drives Head Box / Fan Pump Fan pump drive control is typical for No The Paper stock at this point in the process is industrial pump loads. Variable 99% water and 1% fiber. The Fan Pump torque is required, increased speed forces the Paper stock through a set of means increased flow. nozzles in the head box onto the “wire” mesh. The fan pump speed is a major factor in the basis weight (caliper) and formation of the sheet of paper. Forming Section Forming section drives have a high No A typical flat former is a continuous rotating friction load due to the suction wire (today this is plastic) mesh that removes (normal forces) of the water through water from the paper by sucking it out of the wire mesh. This results in a high suspension. Multi-layer paper machines and normal running load, but a low paper board machines include additional acceleration load. forming sections (one forming section for each layer of paper). Press Section Press section drives also have a high No Rolls are nipped (pressed) together to load due to the strong forces in the nip squeeze the water out of the sheet of paper. between the rolls deforming the felts Multiple rolls are used with a felt (blanket) and roll. This results in a high normal supporting the sheet and accepting the water running load, but a low acceleration from the sheet. -
Com Code by Number
CINCINNATI PURCHASING DIVISION Detail Numerical Commodity Listing Section 952 THRU 999 952-00 HUMAN SERVICES NATE MULLANNEY 952-05 ALCOHOL AND DRUG DETOXIFICATION NATE MULLANNEY 952-06 ALCOHOL AND DRUG PREVENTION NATE MULLANNEY 952-07 ALCOHOL AND DRUG TESTING SERVICES NATE MULLANNEY 952-10 BARBER/BEAUTICIAN SERVICES NATE MULLANNEY 952-15 CASE MANAGEMENT NATE MULLANNEY 952-16 CHAPLAIN/MINISTER SERVICES NATE MULLANNEY 952-17 CHILD ABUSE: IDENTIFICATION, TREATMENT, AND PREVENTION (INCL NATE MULLANNEY 952-18 CHILD CARE FOOD PROGRAM NATE MULLANNEY 952-19 COMMUNITY GARDEN PROGRAM NATE MULLANNEY 952-20 CORRECTIONAL NATE MULLANNEY 952-21 COUNSELING NATE MULLANNEY 952-22 COMMUNITY SERVICE CAMPAIGNS (ANTI-LITTER PROGRAMS, ETC.) NATE MULLANNEY 952-23 COURT INTERVENTION SERVICES NATE MULLANNEY 952-25 DAY CARE (PRESCHOOL) NATE MULLANNEY 952-28 DAY CARE TRAINING CONSORTIUM NATE MULLANNEY 952-30 DELIVERED MEALS NATE MULLANNEY 952-31 DISCRIMINATION INVESTIGATION NATE MULLANNEY 952-32 DOMICILE NATE MULLANNEY 952-36 EMERGENCY FOOD NATE MULLANNEY 952-37 EMERGENCY SHELTER NATE MULLANNEY 952-38 EMPLOYEE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS (INCLUDING UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENS NATE MULLANNEY 952-39 EMPLOYMENT GENERATING ACTIVITIES NATE MULLANNEY 952-42 FAMILY PLANNING NATE MULLANNEY 952-43 FAMILY AND SOCIAL SERVICES NATE MULLANNEY 952-45 FOOD STAMPS/COUPONS NATE MULLANNEY 952-47 FOSTER HOME NATE MULLANNEY 952-49 HALFWAY HOUSING NATE MULLANNEY 952-51 HEAD START PROGRAM NATE MULLANNEY 952-53 HOME MANAGEMENT NATE MULLANNEY 952-54 HOMEMAKER NATE MULLANNEY 952-55 HOMELESSNESS PREVENTION -
Contemporary Papier Mache: Colourful Sculptures, Jewelry, and Home Accessories Pdf
FREE CONTEMPORARY PAPIER MACHE: COLOURFUL SCULPTURES, JEWELRY, AND HOME ACCESSORIES PDF Gilat Nadivi | 112 pages | 01 Mar 2008 | Rockport Publishers Inc. | 9781589233546 | English | Beverly, United States Unique Papier Mache Home Decor at NOVICA Paper craft is a collection of crafts using paper or card as the primary artistic medium for the creation of one, two or three-dimensional objects. Paper and card stock lend themselves to a wide range Jewelry techniques and can be folded, curved, bent, cut, glued, molded, stitched, or layered. Paper crafts are known in most societies that use paper, with certain kinds of crafts being particularly associated with specific countries and Home Accessories cultures. In Caribbean countries paper craft is unique to Caribbean culture which reflect the importance of native animals in life of people. In addition to the aesthetic value of paper crafts, various forms of paper crafts are used in the education of children. Paper is a relatively inexpensive medium, readily available, and easier to work with than the more complicated media typically used in the creation of three-dimensional artwork, such as ceramics, wood, and metals. Paper crafts may also be used in therapeutic and Home Accessories, providing children with a safe and uncomplicated creative outlet to express feelings. The word "paper" derives from papyrusthe name of the ancient material manufactured from beaten reeds in Egypt as far back as the Contemporary Papier Mache: Colourful Sculptures millennium B. The first Japanese origami is dated from the 6th century A. Papel picadoas practiced in Mexico and other places in Latin America is done using chisels to cut 50 to a hundred sheets at a time, while Chinese paper cutting uses knives or scissors for up to 8 sheets. -
Making Paper from Trees
Making Paper from Trees Forest Service U.S. Department of Agriculture FS-2 MAKING PAPER FROM TREES Paper has been a key factor in the progress of civilization, especially during the past 100 years. Paper is indispensable in our daily life for many purposes. It conveys a fantastic variety and volume of messages and information of all kinds via its use in printing and writing-personal and business letters, newspapers, pamphlets, posters, magazines, mail order catalogs, telephone directories, comic books, school books, novels, etc. It is difficult to imagine the modern world without paper. Paper is used to wrap packages. It is also used to make containers for shipping goods ranging from food and drugs to clothing and machinery. We use it as wrappers or containers for milk, ice cream, bread, butter, meat, fruits, cereals, vegetables, potato chips, and candy; to carry our food and department store purchases home in; for paper towels, cellophane, paper handkerchiefs and sanitary tissues; for our notebooks, coloring books, blotting paper, memo pads, holiday greeting and other “special occasion’’ cards, playing cards, library index cards; for the toy hats, crepe paper decorations, paper napkins, paper cups, plates, spoons, and forks for our parties. Paper is used in building our homes and schools-in the form of roofing paper, and as paperboard- heavy, compressed product made from wood pulp-which is used for walls and partitions, and in such products as furniture. Paper is also used in linerboard, “cardboard,” and similar containers. Wood pulp is the principal fibrous raw material from which paper is made, and over half of the wood cut in this country winds up in some form of paper products. -
Make Your Own Paper Students Investigate the Papermaking Process by Trying It Themselves
Make Your Own Paper Students investigate the papermaking process by trying it themselves. Students are Activity thrilled to find that they can make paper and that their product is practical, as well as beautiful. See the PLT website, www.plt.org, to watch a video of the paper-making 51 process used in this activity. Levels OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT OPPORTUNITIES Grades 1-8 Subjects n Students will describe the steps of the paper- n Ask younger students to write the directions Science, Social Studies, making process and identify the elements and for making paper on the piece of recycled paper Language Arts, Visual Arts outputs of the process. that they made. n Concepts Have students use concept mapping, graphics software, or write a script for a n By reducing waste and recy- video that explains the papermaking process. cling materials, individuals and societies can extend the value and utility of resources and can promote environ- mental quality. (2.7) The process begins when trees, grown BACKGROUND Skills especially for papermaking, are harvested Observing, Organizing and transported to a paper mill. At the Information, Comparing and Paper is a simple material. It is essentially mill, large machines strip away bark and Contrasting a mat held together by a fiber’s rough- shred the logs into millions of chips the ness, and can be made from almost any size of breakfast cereal. The wood chips fibrous material such as cotton, hemp, travel on conveyors to gigantic “pulp Higher Order Thinking, Paired/ flax, wood or recycled paper. And yet, this Cooperative Learning, Realia/ cookers,” where chemicals and steam are Hands-on Learning simple product has a tremendous effect added.