MIMBAR, Vol. 35 No. 1st (2019) pp. 38-46

Development of Module in Increasing Tourism Awareness for Souvenir Merchants in City

1 2 3 WIRDATUL AINI, HAYATUNNUFUS, ISMANIAR

123Universitas Negeri Padang, Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka, Air Tawar Padang, Sumatera Barat, email: [email protected];2 [email protected]; [email protected]

Abstract. This research is motivated by the low awareness of souvenir merchants about tourism. It aims to produce a module development on tourism awareness for souvenir merchants which explore tourism awareness, tourism awareness improvement modules, content validity testing, convenience testing, module effectiveness testing, and the process of developing a tourism awareness module. The research uses a development approach with qualitative method. Tourism awareness data sources were obtained from souvenir merchants; tourism-awareness modules through Focus Group Discussion; validity test data and module practicality from education experts; city market service and testing module effectiveness from souvenir merchants. The research describes the low tourism-awareness of souvenir merchant, the making of tourism-awareness modules as guidelines for souvenir merchants to participate in advancing the tourism area, and the validity of contents of tourism-awareness development module and module practicality test with a good result. In addition, tourism-awareness modules have proven effective to improve tourist-awareness of souvenir merchants and tourist-awareness modules design based on the behavior that must own to be able to actively participate in developing Bukittinggi City as a tourist area. Keywords: Module Development, Tourism Awareness, Souvenir Merchants

Introduction in order to be able to encourage economic activities and improve the image of Indonesia, Tourism is very much talked about by improve the welfare of local communities, and people because by developing the tourism provide expanded employment opportunities. sector, the influence on other sectors is very The development of tourism is carrying out large. The tourism demand is increasing by utilizing the diversity of charms of natural along with the level of humans’ need for the beauty and national potential of the widest importance of tourism in order to refresh marine tourism area in the world wisely and themselves after work. The more advanced sustainably, as well as encourages economic a society is, the higher one’s need for activities related to the development of recreation. Tourism is perceived as a basic national cultures. Furthermore, according need that must be fulfilled in the framework to research published by Muslim in 2006 on of physical fitness and spiritual tranquillity. Economic Community Empowerment through In the Vision and Direction of Long-Term Tourist Village Development, stated that the Development (PJP) for 2005-2025, Chapter development of tourist areas in the future IV on the Direction, Stages, and Long-Term requires better management because it will Development Priorities for 2005-2025 in Item bring more supportive income for national IV.1.2 concerning Realizing a Competitive development (Muslim, 2016). Nation, explained that in strengthening West Province is an area domestic economy with an orientation and with stunning natural beauty. There are global competitiveness, tourism is developed many attractions in the entire province that

Received: 2018-09-05, Revised: 2019-03-06, Accepted: 2019-05-29 Print ISSN: 0215-8175; Online ISSN: 2303-2499. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v35i1.4052 Accredited S2 based on the decree No.10/E/KPT/2019 until 2024. Indexed by DOAJ, Sinta, Garuda, Crossreff, Dimensions

38 MIMBAR, Vol. 35 No. 1st (2019) potentially bring in foreign exchange revenues it is known that souvenir merchants have if it managed properly,, and the surrounding not been committed to advancing tourism community will be able to increase its in their area. This can be seen from their economy (B. Hidayat, Hesna, Suraji, Istijono, behaviors which merchants have not been & Ophiyandri, 2017; S. Hidayat & Arkhi, able to provide good service to local and 2015). Therefore, tourism objects in West foreign tourists, including the way they Sumatra should be managed properly and offer their merchandise at high prices, and the local government is highly expected to be sometimes they are being unfriendly to involved as the spearhead in the development tourists. Furthermore, the research findings of the tourism industry (B. Hidayat et al., illustrate the low awareness of souvenir 2017). merchants about order, cleanliness and beauty (K3). One of the famous tourist attractions in the Province of is the City Based on the problem of low tourist of Bukitinggi, including the Agam Regency. awareness of souvenir merchants, the The tourist objects in the Bukittinggi City researcher is interested in researching are famous for their natural beauty, such about “Development of Module in Increasing as Ngarai Sianok, Jam Gadang, and the Tourism Awareness for Souvenir Merchants Zoo. Other interesting tourist attraction in Bukittinggi City”. This tourism awareness is a historical object of Japanese colonial module is designed based on the needs of heritage from centuries ago and is still in souvenir merchants on what behavior that good condition with its own beauty, namely must be shown to participate in providing input Lobang Jepang (Japanese cave). It was used to officers to maintain security, cleanliness by Japanese soldiers in the past to hide from and order; to improve the quality of souvenir enemies and as their weapons’ storage. There merchandise; and to provide input to the is also Fort de Kock (fortress), from the Dutch regional government for the progress of rule era which used as a gathering place, a Bukittinggi City as the city tourism destination. place for discussion in order to strengthen This study aims to develop a travel awareness their position in West Sumatra Province and module for souvenir merchants in Bukittinggi Indonesia (Dwisaputra, 2017). City, which includes: (1) exploring tourism awareness for souvenir merchants; (2) tourism Tourism development has very strategic awareness improvement modules for souvenir value because it can develop its culture merchants; (3) content validity testing, and maintain its natural potential, and convenience testing, module effectiveness the existing tourism potential becomes an testing; and (4) the process of developing a economic activity in creating jobs and then tourism awareness module. affects the welfare of the community (Kreag, 2001; Nirwandar, 2005). The development Tourism awareness for souvenir of the tourism area certainly does not grow merchants aims to enhance the participation just like that without any effort being made. of souvenir merchants in advancing and Among them are factors that have a huge promoting the region of Bukittinggi City as a influence on the development of tourist tourist destination. The participation is in the areas, including the local government, the form of raising attitudes, friendly behavior as availability of facilities and infrastructure that a host, and improving the image, quality of is needed for the development of this sector tourism products and services that are based and in order to become one of the mainstay on or improving the application of “Sapta sectors (B. Hidayat et al., 2017). Likewise, Pesona.” According to Dinas Pariwisata, Seni environmental quality is an integral part of the & Budaya Provinsi Sumatera Barat (2004) tourism industry. Developers and organizers (Tourism, Art, and Culture office of West of tourism activities should pay their attention Sumatera Province), “Sapta Pesona” (safe, to the quality of the environment, including orderly, clean, cool, beautiful, welcoming, tourism awareness for the community. and memorable) is a condition that must be realized in order to attract tourists to visit an One of the influential factors in the area or region in Indonesia. For this reason, development of the tourism industry in a beautiful atmosphere must be created in Bukitinggi City is souvenir merchants. They tourist destinations to attract and fascinate, merchants are not ready to support the tourists and make them comfortable, feel at success of the tourism industry. Based on the home for a longer time, feel satisfied, and get results of research in the first year conducted give wonderful memories in their lives. by Aini, Ismaniar and Hayatunnufus (2018),

Accredited by Sinta Rank 2 based on Ristekdikti No.10/E/KPT/2019 until 2023 39 WIRDATUL AINI, et al. Development of Module in Increasing Tourism Awareness for Souvenir Merchants in...

Based on the explanation above, there green, fresh, and neat environment gives are seven elements of tourist attraction that a comfortable and peaceful atmosphere or include in “Sapta Pesona” which can affect cool air. The desired cool environment should the tourists’ desire to visit, feel comfortable, not only be provided outside the room or and stay longer in a tourist destination. Three building, but also inside the rooms. This cool elements of “Sapta Pesona” are targets of environment or atmosphere can be created in socialization as an effort to improve national many ways. There are activities to maintain discipline, safe, orderly, and clean. The environmental sustainability and green seven elements in “Sapta Pesona” according actions carried out by the community or the to Dinas Pariwisata, Seni & Budaya Provinsi government, in the form of reforestation, Sumatera Barat (2004) are as follows: maintain the environmental cleanliness, plant various plants in the yard for both decoration First is safe. Tourists will be happy benefits for households, plant shady trees to visit a place if they feel safe, peaceful, along the road in their environments, in not afraid, protected, and free from acts of the schoolyard, etc. Associations are also crime, violence, threats, such as extortion, formed aiming at preserving the environment. muggings, fraud, etc. Another thing is being Bringing cool environment can be done by free from infectious diseases and other decorating room for tourist (study/working dangerous diseases. Tourist should also safe room, guest room, bedroom, and other from accidents caused by unsafe equipment places) with various decorating plants or air and vehicles, escalators, recreational or conditioners. Furthermore, there are various sports equipment, and also safe from bad other activities and efforts that can make our food/drink. Other factors that also need to living environment cool, clean, fresh, and be considered are misbehaviors, such as comfortable (Violinaa & Suryawan, 2016). merchant fraud, speech and hostile actions, etc. Thus, security is a crucial condition that The fifth is beautifulness. The situation provides a peaceful atmosphere for tourists or atmosphere that displays an attractive to be free from fear and has no worries about and pleasant environment is called beautiful. the safety of their life, body, and property; Beautiful can be seen from various aspects, free from threats of misbehaviors and acts such as in terms of color, layout, shape of violence (Fanani & Pangestuti, 2017). layout, or harmonious style and motion which Second is orderly. Orderly conditions are giving a pleasant and beautiful impression. something that is highly coveted by everyone, Beautiful is always in line with clean, orderly, including tourists. This condition is reflected and inseparable from God’s creation and in an orderly, neat, and smooth atmosphere the work of humans. Therefore, we must and shows high discipline in all aspects of maintain the environment to be sustainable community life, such as in traffic order, on- and can be enjoyed by humans for longer time schedule of public transportation, etc. time. There are things to be done to preserve There are no people jostling around to get or the beautifulness: (a) pioneering and inviting buy something they need. The building and the community to keep maintaining and the environment are also neatly organized. preserving the existing beauty, and (b) inviting Services in various fields are carried out the community to organize the environment properly and appropriately, and tourists get regularly, orderly, and harmoniously. the right and unconfusing information. Sixth is being friendly. Hospitality is Third is clean. Clean means free of an attitude of someone who shows intimacy, dirt, garbage, waste, disease, and pollution. politeness, being helpful, smile a lot, and Tourists will feel at home and comfortable attractive. Friendly is the character and culture when they are in clean and healthy places, of Indonesian people in general who always such as clean houses, restaurants, hotels, respects the guests and be a good host. This public transportations, recreational places, friendly attitude is one of the attractions for toilets, etc. Tourist will also prefer clean and tourists and must be maintained properly. The healthy food and drinks, clean tableware things that need to be done include: a. inviting (spoons, plates), beds, sports equipment, the community to show a good attitude as etc..The clean and neat appearance of tourism a host with friendly attitude and willing to officers (and people related to tourism) will help and serve tourists, and (b) help provide leave a positive value for tourists (Violinaa & information about the customs, especially Suryawan, 2016). those that should not be violated. Fourth is cool environment. All- Seventh is memories. Memories are

40 ISSN 0215-8175 | EISSN 2303-2499 MIMBAR, Vol. 35 No. 1st (2019) impressions that are firmly attached to & Klein (2014), research and development is one’s memories and feelings caused by intended to determine an empirical basis, so the experience they gained. Memories that it can create a learning model innovation can be beautiful and fun, but can also be that leads to development. Besides that, unpleasant. It is expected that tourists who through development research, it is hoped visit Indonesia will have great and positive that a process and procedure of developing memories. They will remember Indonesia tourism awareness raising modules for as a beautiful country and have experienced souvenirs trader in the Bukittinggi city will a lot of fun and unforgettable things in be realized. Indonesia. Beautiful memories can be created According to Sugiyono (2011), through: (a) comfortable, clean, and healthy development research is a type of research accommodation; fast, appropriate, and that is often carried out in the world of friendly service; and an atmosphere that education with the intention primarily in reflects regional characteristics in the form the development of learning modules. This and style of the building and its decorations, research will develop an increase in tourism (b) distinctive and fascinating regional cultural awareness module for souvenir merchants. arts attractions in the form of dance, sound The development of this tourism awareness of art, various ceremonies; (c) delicious module will provide guidance for souvenir food of regional specialties with attractive merchants in developing the tourism industry appearance and presentation which can be in Bukittinggi City. The research stages of a strong attraction for tourists and used as developing tourism awareness modules are national identity; and (d) small souvenirs presented by Sugiyono (2011) as follows: that reflect regional characteristics with high (1) formulating research problems; (2) quality, easy to carry, and at an affordable conducting needs of analysis; (3) collecting price which have their own meaning and can data and analyzing empirical findings; (4) be used as evidence that tourists have come designing tourism awareness modules for to certain places or memories of a person’s merchants souvenirs, carrying out Focus visit to a place/area. Group Discussion (FGD); (6) revising module design by researchers; (7) module validation Research Methodology by education experts; and (8) module design This research was designed using a revisions by researchers. The flow of this development approach. According to Richey research can be described in the form of the

Figure 1. Research Scheme

Accredited by Sinta Rank 2 based on Ristekdikti No.10/E/KPT/2019 until 2023 41 WIRDATUL AINI, et al. Development of Module in Increasing Tourism Awareness for Souvenir Merchants in... figure 1. merchant was a lack of participation in terms of giving advice, input, and opinions The method used in this research is to the government or to fellow souvenir qualitative with the aim of broadly and deeply merchants; or input to the community to finding about: (1) the low tourism awareness achieve progress in the field of tourism in of souvenir merchants in Bukittinggi City; Bukittinggi City. Furthermore, awareness of (2) constructing a module to increase souvenir merchants about order, cleanliness, tourism awareness of souvenir merchants and beauty (K3) in the tourism environment is in Bukittinggi City; (3) quantitative method still low. For more details, it can be described is used to test the content validity, practice, in Table 1. and the effectiveness of developing tourism awareness modules; and (4) the process of Tourism awareness of souvenir developing tourism awareness modules for merchants must be increased because it will souvenir merchants. The type of module encourage tourists to visit tourist cities in construction data is obtained through Focus West Sumatra, including public awareness to Group Discussion (FGD) joined by four be open to tourism will support Indonesia’s participants from tourism officers and economic growth. As revealed by Fitriana Market Office of Bukittinggi City. The validity (2017)businessman, and government which contents test of the data source is done by known as triple helix actors. This study is four education experts, the practice test of designed with aim to (i, the development of data sources by four people from the Market creative economy in 2025 lies in the quality Office of Bukittinggi City, and data on the of government education and awareness of effectiveness test of tourism awareness tourism developers in the Sumatra region, development modules are obtained from including in Indonesia. souvenir merchants by means of one pretest- Tourism awareness, in this case, can postest model experiment. Data collection be in the form of participation in maintaining technique of content validity test is the order, cleanliness, and security in trading practicality of asking questions/opinions environment (Rahim, 2012). The participation from education experts and the market shown by some souvenir merchants in order service of Bukittinggi City about the tourism to advance Bukittinggi as a tourist city is awareness module developed and testing by keeping the cleanliness and beauty of the effectiveness of modules by carrying out their selling environment so that they have experiments on souvenir merchants. a clean and healthy place to sell which will also make the buyers happy and comfortable Result and Discussion to buy things from them. The clean and comfortable place will make tourists stay The research findings of tourism longer. Security is a very important factor awareness behavior for the intended souvenir to be maintained. Local and foreign tourists merchants are participating in the form of should be protected from misbehaviors that thought contributions and donations of energy violate the rules, such as pickpocketing to achieve a goal of tourism progress in the and fraudulent occurs in tourist areas. The Bukittinggi area. behavior of orderly, clean, and safety should always be cultivated, nurtured, and realized Souvenir Merchant’s Behavior in the daily lives of souvenir merchants. towards Tourism Environment However, the research findings illustrate The research finding of Aini, Ismaniar the low awareness of souvenir merchants and Hayatunnufus (2018), state that the to behave orderly, clean, and safety. In line low tourism awareness of observed souvenir with that, Dinas Pariwisata Seni & Budaya

Table 1 Souvenir Merchant’s Behavior towards Tourism Environment

Interval Classification Frequency Percentage (%) 36 -40 strongly agree 20 40 31-35 agree 20 40 26-30 disagree 5 10 20-25 not agree 5 10 Total 50 100

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Provinsi Sumatera Barat (2004) released a Souvenir Merchant’s Behavior tourism development program called “Sapta towards Merchandise Pesona”, a condition that must be realized in order to attract tourists to visit Indonesia. Packing the Souvenirs to Attract Things that need to be considered to attract Buyers of Local and Foreign Tourist foreign or local tourists are security/safety, One of the most important souvenir cleanliness, order, beauty, cool environment, merchant’s behaviour towards merchandise being friendly, and give experiences that leave is souvenirs packaging which made to be a meaningful memory for local and foreign as attractive as possible to draw buyers tourists. and functions as a promotion. Research Maintaining friendly behavior, res­ findings illustrate that a small number of pecting local and foreign tourists, being souvenir merchants have started packing their kind, speak nicely, good attitudes, easy merchandise well. The better the packaging of to get along, and being fun are some of the goods, the more interested the tourists to the inheritance attitudes that characterize them. Merchandise which is clean and neatly our nation which will attract tourist to visit wrapped will be a way more appealing than Indonesia. Research findings show that some the open, dirty, and dusty one. Souvenir of souvenir merchants have behaved kindly. merchants should apply that to draw buyers. Friendly behavior is an important factor that The research’s finding on matter above can must be shown by souvenir merchants, so that be described in Table 2. local and foreign tourists will be interested In line with this, Dinas Pariwisata Seni to buy the souvenirs. Friendly behavior is & Budaya Provinsi Sumatera Barat (2004) a behavior that has been existed since long also stated that among the factors that drive ago passed by Indonesian ancestors from one the development of the tourism industry are generation to the next. the skills of the merchants to sell quality Indonesia is well-known for its hospitality goods, and more importantly accompanied in welcoming guests, sweet in language, and by the hospitality behavior of merchants and attractive which cause foreign tourists to residents to welcome and serve the guests. stay longer in Indonesia. Likewise, souvenir Maintain Good communication between merchants are expected to be friendly to serve Souvenir Merchants. buyers, to behave well, and not being rude Good and conducive communication to them. Pleasant behavior is associated with needs to be created between merchants. tourists and communities around the place Mutual input between merchants needs to where merchants sell souvenirs. According be done. The findings of the study illustrate to Rahim (2012), the process of fostering that a small number of merchants have given public tourism awareness must be a process input to each other on the price of goods of education in community discipline. Through according to their quality. Selling expensive the process of education, attitudes and good a with bad quality can be detrimental behavior of people in tourist areas must be to the merchants. The items on display are friendly to serve tourists, saying something not sold or no one is bidding or buying the nicely and politely, including the behavior merchandise. For this reason, it is necessary to of souvenir merchants that graciously have a meeting between souvenir merchants providing services in selling merchandise, to have goods to be sold that are of interest thus attracting the tourists to buy. to local and foreign tourists.

Table 2 Souvenir Merchant’s Behavior towards Merchandise

Interval Classification Frequency Percentage (%) 46-52 strongly agree 20 40 39-45 agree 10 20 38-32 disagree 10 20 31-25 not agree at all 10 20 Total 50 100

Accredited by Sinta Rank 2 based on Ristekdikti No.10/E/KPT/2019 until 2023 43 WIRDATUL AINI, et al. Development of Module in Increasing Tourism Awareness for Souvenir Merchants in...

It is important for souvenir merchants For the progress and smoothness of to increase awareness of improving the quality tourism activities in the Bukittinggi City, a of souvenirs sold. Good quality items will small portion of souvenir merchants provides attract buyers to buy souvenir items. The low input to the local government to prepare quality items will reduce the desire of tourists cleaners who are responsible for the cleaning to buy goods offered. facilities around the tourist city. With the presence of these cleaners, it is expected that The behavior that needs to be cultivated the cleanliness facilities such as public toilets by souvenir merchants is to provide friendly and musholla are kept clean and hygiene at service. Merchants have to be ing friendly to all times. foreign and local tourists by helping them find places of attractions. Souvenir merchants can Souvenir Merchant’s Behavior in provide good and true information about any tourism objects in the area, for example, in Giving Advice to the City Govern- Bukittinggi City there are many tourist objects ment worth visit so that foreign and local tourists Provide Input/Suggestions Morally feel helped by the information provided. to the Local Government for the Honesty of souvenir merchants in Progress of the Tourism Area. providing information about existing tourist A small number of souvenir merchants attractions is expected to help foreign tourists participate in giving input morally in the form visit tourist attractions. The presence of of donations, of advice, and opinions to the tourists will have a positive impact on the government so that Bukittinggi can be realized community and the government in term of as a tourist city. Moral donations given by material benefits. souvenir merchants are in the form of support for local government policies regarding Fostering the Participation of Souve- tourism implementation in Bukittinggi City. nir Merchants in Maintaining Order, Souvenir merchants support the accelerate Cleanliness, and Safety Facilities of Bukittinggi City construction, which is Participation of souvenir merchants in the construction of public facilities such as maintaining order, cleanliness, and safety highways, bridges, even toilets, and etc facilities is highly expected. The places of that needs to be upgraded. Transformation public facilities must be kept clean. For activities are streamlined by its users. The example, public toilets, musholla (a room details are described in the table 3. to pray), and the relaxing place for tourists must be kept orderly and clean. Souvenir Souvenir merchants are expected merchants are expected to participate in to have an awareness of the importance providing input to lodging service providers of promoting tourism objects that can and to the public to participate in maintaining attract the interest of local and foreign the facilities of cleanliness, order and safety tourists. Some souvenir merchants sell their so as to foster high motivation for tourists to merchandise in average price, which is not too visit the West Sumatra region including the expensive, especially souvenirs for tourists. Bukittinggi City known as the tourist city. The merchants are also expected to be friendly in serving buyers. Tourism awareness Providing Advice to Local Govern- of souvenir merchants will motivate tourists ments in Maintaining Cleanliness, to visit the tourism area. Hospitality and good behavior will encourage tourists to come to Order and Safety tourist attractions like Bukittinggi. The findings

Table 3 Souvenir Merchant’s Behavior in Giving Advice to City Government

Interval Clasification Frequency Percentage (%) 40-44 strongly agree 5 10 35-39 agree 5 10 30-34 disagree 30 60 25-29 not agree at all 10 20 Total 50 100

44 ISSN 0215-8175 | EISSN 2303-2499 MIMBAR, Vol. 35 No. 1st (2019) of research on the development of tourism merchant on average gain the test score of the awareness modules for souvenir merchants improvement module on tourism awareness is are carried out through activities of Focus greater (17.03 > 3.56) and differs significantly Group Discussion (FGD) by asking for input from t count 31.602 > 2.00, The behaviors that from education and tourism experts along must be owned by souvenir merchants are (1) with lecturers from the School of External behavior of tourism awareness towards the Education Department on tourism awareness environment around tourism areas by taking modules for souvenir merchants. Modules that part in maintaining order, cleanliness, and are designed based on the needs of souvenir beauty; (2) skills that must be possessed by merchants in the form of behavior shown by souvenir merchants by packing souvenir items souvenir merchants, namely friendly attitude that attract tourists to buy; (3) provide input to of serving tourists who buy their merchandise, local governments to advance tourist area. The being able to communicate with tourists, and formation of tourism awareness for souvenir participation in giving advice to the Office merchants towards a better direction shows of Tourism in order to advance the City of that the tourism awareness module developed Bukittinggi as a tourist city. gives an opportunity for souvenir merchants to better understand the importance of souvenir Effectiveness Test on the Application merchants’ awareness to advance the tourism of Tourism Awareness Development area. Besides that, the impact caused by Modules for Souvenir Merchants tourists who come to souvenir merchants according to Pitana and Diarta (2009), people Research findings on the validity of the will individually earn income from the sale content of the development module of souvenir of souvenir items. The contribution of the merchants tourism awareness according to results of this study in the development of education experts are appropriate, and the science is in order to foster the motivation practicality test for the market service of of the community, in this case, the souvenir Bukittinggi City is good. This means that the merchants participate in the development of development of tourism awareness modules is the community for the advancement of tourism suitable for the development of the behavior as a non-oil and gas industry which is expected of souvenir merchants to advance Bukittinggi to develop in the future. as a tourist city. The module effectiveness test was done through pre-testing the souvenir merchants before the module was applied Conclusions and post-test was done after the module was The conclusions of this research consist applied, which described the different results of two: first, souvenir merchant has low in tourism awareness of souvenir merchants awareness of tourism awareness. These that was higher in the experimental group souvenir merchants observed were lack of after the module was applied. This means participation in providing advice, input, and that the module designed by researchers opinions to the government or fellow souvenir can help souvenir merchants to understand merchants, or input to the community to the behavior that must be owned in order achieve progress in the tourism sector in to participate in advancing Bukittinggi as a Bukittinggi City. The awareness of souvenir tourist area. The details are described in the merchant about order, cleanliness and beauty Table 4. (K3) in the tourism environment is still Based on the table above, it can be seen low. Second, The development of tourism that the tourism conscious behavior of souvenir awareness modules for souvenir merchant is

Table 4 Wider Test Results on Effectiveness of Application of Modules on Increasing Tourism Awareness of Souvenir Merchants

No. Groups Average Difference tcount ttable Pre-test 75 1 Experiment 17,03 56,037 Post-test 88,1 Pre-test 72,1 2 Control 3,56 10,493 2,000 Post-test 76,6 Experiment 86,1 3 14,8 31,602 Control Post test 76,6

Accredited by Sinta Rank 2 based on Ristekdikti No.10/E/KPT/2019 until 2023 45 WIRDATUL AINI, et al. Development of Module in Increasing Tourism Awareness for Souvenir Merchants in... suitable for the development of the behavior bdwuKNcn of souvenir merchant to advance Bukittinggi Fitriana, W. (2017). The Role of Triple Helix as a tourist city. The module effectiveness Actors for Agro Tourism Development in test was done by pre-testing the souvenir West Sumatera. MIMBAR, Jurnal Sosial Dan merchants before the module is applied Pembangunan, 33(2), 219–227. https:// and post-test was done after the module doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/ applied. The module contents validity on mimbar.v33i2.2098.219-227 the development of tourism awareness of Hidayat, B., Hesna, Y., Suraji, A., Istijono, souvenir merchants according to education B., & Ophiyandri, T. (2017). Challenges experts are appropriate, and the practicality for Tourism Infrastructure Development test for the market service of Bukittinggi City in West-Sumatra Province of Indonesia. is good. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), 8(10), 1009– Based on the research conclusions 1016. Retrieved from https://www. that has been put forward, the following iaeme.com/MasterAdmin/uploadfolder/ are suggestions proposed: (1) it is expected IJCIET_08_10_105/IJCIET_08_10_105. that the Tourism Office of Bukittinggi City to pdf improve tourism awareness development for Hidayat, S., & Arkhi, T. S. (2015). The souvenir merchants, so that Bukittinggi City Development of Tourism in Minangkabau as a tourism area will be more advanced, Village, Tarusan Kamang, West Sumatra: (2) it is expected that souvenir merchants Attracting International Tourist Interest with to increase their participation, behave kindly the Traditional Art of Randai. International and, politely, appreciate bargaining process Journal of Cultural and Digital Tourism, of goods between buyers and souvenir 2(2), 40–49. Retrieved from http://iacudit. merchants, and (3) it is expected that souvenir org/journal/volumes/v2n2/v2n2_40-50. merchants use the tourism awareness module pdf formulated as their guidance in advancing Kreag, G. (2001). The Impacts of Tourism. Bukittinggi as a tourist city. Minnesota Sea Grant. Retrieved from www. seagrant.umn.edu Muslim, A. (2016). Economic Community References Empowerment Through Tourist Village Aini, W., Ismaniar, & Hayatunnufus. (2018). Development. MIMBAR, Jurnal Sosial Dan Tourism Awareness of Merchant Souvenirs Pembangunan, 32(2), 343–352. Retrieved in Bukittinggi City. In I. Ifdil & Z. Ardi from https://ejournal.unisba.ac.id/index. (Eds.), International Conferences on php/mimbar/article/download/1839/pdf Education, Social Sciences and Technology Nirwandar, S. (2005). Pembangunan Sektor (pp. 514–521). Padang: GCI. https://doi. Pariwisata di Era Otonomi Daerah. org/https://doi.org/10.29210/2018175 Jakarta. Retrieved from http://www. Dinas Pariwisata Seni & Budaya Provinsi kemenpar.go.id/userfiles/file/440_1257- Sumatera Barat. (2004). Buku Panduan PEMBANGUNANSEKTORPARIWISATA1.pdf Penyuluhan Sapta Pesona & Sadar Wisata. Pitana, I. G., & Diarta, K. S. (2009). Pengantar Padang: Dinas Pariwisata, Seni & Budaya Ilmu Pariwisata. Yogyakarta: C.V Andi. Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Rahim, F. (2012). Pedoman Kelompok Dwisaputra, M. (2017). Motivasi Pengunjung Sadar Wisata. Jakarta: Direktur Jenderal ke Kota Wisata Bukittinggi Sumatera Pengembangan Destinasi Pariwisata Barat. JOM FISIP, 4(2), 1–14. Retrieved Kementrian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi from https://media.neliti.com/ Kreatif. Retrieved from http://www. media/publications/205252-motivasi- kemenpar.go.id/userfiles/1_ Pedoman pengunjung-ke-kota-wisata-bukit.pdf Pokdarwis.pdf Fanani, Z., & Pangestuti, E. (2017). Analisis Richey, R. C., & Klein, J. D. (2014). Design Keamanan dan Kenyamanan Objek Wisata and Development Research. New York: Penanjakan 1 Bromo. Jurnal Administrasi Routledge. Bisnis (JAB), 49(2), 63–67. Retrieved from Sugiyono. (2011). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j& (Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&cad=rja& R&D). : Alfabeta. uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwj645D4jaziAhUKb Violinaa, S., & Suryawan, I. B. (2016). awKHbjOBBUQFjABegQIBhAC&url=https Kualitas Kebersihan Lingkungan sebagai %3A%2F%2Fmedia.neliti.com%2Fmedia Penunjang Daya Tarik Wisata Pantai %2Fpublications%2F185560-ID-analisis- Sanur Kaja. Jurnal Destinasi Pariwisata, keamanan-dan-kenyamanan-objek-w. 4(1), 20–25. Retrieved from https://ojs. pdf&usg=AOvVaw3cQamxWG8eTBJ_ unud.ac.id/index.php/destinasipar/article/ download/23275/15296/

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