STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN KEPARIWISATAAN DI KOTA BUKITTINGGI Oleh Aldian Sanesta Email : [email protected] Pembimbing Dr

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STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN KEPARIWISATAAN DI KOTA BUKITTINGGI Oleh Aldian Sanesta Email : Aldiansanesta90@Gmail.Com Pembimbing Dr STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN KEPARIWISATAAN DI KOTA BUKITTINGGI oleh Aldian Sanesta Email : [email protected] Pembimbing Dr. H. Zaili Rusli SD, M.Si Jurusan Ilmu Administrasi ± Prodi Ilmu Administrasi Negara Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau FISIP Universitas Riau, Kampus Bina Widya Km. 12,5 Simpang Baru Panam, Pekanbaru, 28293 Abstract : Development Strategy of turism at Bukittinggi City. Bukittinggi City Tourism Development is an area of the city and one of the main tourist destination in West Sumatra with the introduction of Bukittinggi as a "City Tour" starting since March 11, 1984. Field of tourism in the regions designated as potential Bukittinggi based on natural and geographical conditions of Bukittinggi, its strategic position is a triangle crossing to the north, east and south of Sumatra that eases access tourists or people who want to visit a small city with myriads of this story. Besides having the natural beauty of the city of Bukittinggi is also a struggle that many stores the value of history and cultures in it.Under these conditions, formulated the problem of how the development of tourism in the city of Bukittinggi and the factors that influence the development of tourism in the city of Bukittinggi. This study uses the theory Elittan to determine strategies used in the development of tourism in the city of Bukittinggi, qualitative research with descriptive method. Researchers are trying to reveal the facts in accordance with the reality. This study did not look for or explain ties, not test hypotheses or make predictions. Data will be explained with apaa danya to obtain an understanding. From the results of this study concluded that the strategy of development of tourism in the city of Bukittinggi to involve the whole among the noble of the Stakeholde, community stempat and the nomads with the concept of Tourism-based community that creates a sense of tourism awareness and stepping to the strategy undertaken in the development of tourism can run well , but still a bit constrained in the implementation on the ground in the form of regional financial, qualified human resources, limited investment in tourism, the lack of development of tourism products as well as coordination across sectors that have not been together but slowly but surely constraints faced in the development of tourism in the city of Bukittinggi will be minimized so that tourism in the town Bukttinggi can provide maximum service and best Key word : Strategy ,Turism Development, Tour City Jom FISIP Volume 1 No. 2. Oktober 2015 1 PENDAHULUAN yang dicapai dengan menyeimbangkan tiga elemen utama dalam pembangunan Indonesia merupakan Negara pariwisata yaitu Lingkungan, Ekonomi, dengan berjuta keindahan alamnya yang dan Sosial. Prinsip umum dalam tebentang dari timur papua hingga barat pembangunan kepariwisataan pulau sumatra didukung dengan letak berkelanjutan yaitu: geografis Indonesia yang berada digaris khatulistiwa sehingga Keindahan ini 1. Menyeimbangkan pemanfaatan menjadi daya tarik bagi para wisatawan lingkungan dengan manfaat ekonomis untuk berkunjung ke Indonesia, oleh dari kepariwisataan karena itu pariwisata merupakan salah 2. Menyeimbangkan pemanfaatan satu sektor pembangunan yang mendapat sumberdaya lingkungan dengan perhatian pemerintah untuk terus perubahan nilai sosial dan komunitas dikembangkan dan diprioritaskan karena yang disebabkan oleh penggunaan sektor ini dinilai cukup berpotensi bagi sumberdaya lingkungan pengembangan perekonomian rakyat serta 3. Menyeimbangkan pertumbuhan penghasilan devisa Negara dari ekonomi dan dampak pertumbuhan komoditas non migas. ekonomi pada nilai sosial dan komunitas. Undang-undang republik Indonesia No. 10 tahun 2009, Bab II pasal Peratutan Pemerintah Nomor 50 3, menyatakan bahwa kepariwisataan tahun 2011 tentang Rencana Induk berfungsi memenuhi kebutuhan jasmani, Pembangunan Kepariwisataan Nasional rohani serta intelektual setiap wisatawan atau disebut RIPPARNAS tahun 2010 ± dengan rekreasi dan perjalanan serta 2025. Menegaskan bahwa RIPPARNAS meningkatkan pendapatan Negara untuk memiliki arti strategis bagi bangsa mewujudkan kesejahteraan rakyat, Indonesia karena pembangunan Pariwisata diharapkan dapat memacu dan pariwisata Indonesia memiliki kontribusi memobilitas pertumbuhan perekonomian yang signifikan dalam pembangunan masyarakat, jika keindahan alam ini ekonomi nasional sebagai instrument dikelola dengan baik maka akan peningkatan perolehan devisa, dan menghasilkan income dan meningkatkan disebutkan bahwa RIPPARNAS menjadi pembangunan yang berkelanjutan sangat penting bagi pembangunan terhadap daerah-daerah tersebut kepariwisataan Indonesia karena (1) memberikan arah pengembangan yang Pembangunan berkelanjutan tepat terhadap potensi kepariwisataan dari adalah pembangunan yang memenuhi sisi produk, pasar, spasial, sumber daya kebutuhan sekarang tanpa mengorbankan manusia, manajemen, dan sebagainya kemampuan generasi mendatang untuk sehingga pariwisata Indonesia dapat memenuhi kebutuhan mereka. tumbuh dan berkembang secara positif Pembangunan kepariwisataan yang dan berkelanjutan bagi pengembangan berkelanjutan (Sustainable Tourism wilayah dan kesejahteraan masyarakat, Development) merupakan pembangunan Jom FISIP Volume 1 No. 2. Oktober 2015 2 (2) mengatur peran setiap Stakeholders Kota Bukittinggi pada zaman terkait baik lintas sektor, lintas pelaku, kolonial Belanda disebut dengan Fort de maupun lintas daerah/wilayah agar dapat Kock dan dahulunya dijuluki sebagi mendorong pengembangan pariwisata Parijs van Sumatra selain kota sejarah secara sinergis dan terpadu. kota Bukittinggi juga dikenal akan pariwisatanya dengan pemandangan yang Visi pembangunan kepariwisataan indah, pegunungan yang elok, ngarai nasional adalah terwujudnya Indonesia yang eksotis, kota ini memiliki hubungan sebagi negara tujuan pariwisata berkelas persaudaraan yang baik dengan Seremban dunia, berdaya saing, berkelanjutan dan di Negri Sembilan, Malaysia yang disebut mampu mendorong pembangunan daerah juga dengan kota kembar / kota dan kesejahteraan rakyat. Untuk bersaudara (Sister City) Yang disepakati mewujudkan visi tersebut ditempuh 4 melalui upacara Peresmian dan penanda (empat) strategi pembangunan tanganan pernyataan bersama Kota kepariwisataan, yang meliputi destinasi Bersaudara antara Pemerintah Kotamadya pariwisata yang aman, nyaman, menarik, Daerah Tingkat II Bukittinggi, Propinsi dan mudah dicapai; pemasaran pariwisata Sumatera Barat, Indonesia dengan - yang sinergis, unggul dan bertanggung Majelis Perbandaran Seremban, Negeri jawab; industri pariwisata yang berdaya Sembilan, Malaysia, yang dilangsungkan saing; dan organisasi pemerintah, tanggal 6 Desember 1986 di Bukittinggi. Pemerintah daerah, swasta dan masyarakat yang efektif dalam Bidang Kepariwisataan mendorong terwujudkan pembangunan ditetapkan sebagai potensi unggulan kepariwisataan berkelanjutan. daerah Kota Bukittinggi adalah berangkat dari kondisi alam dan geografis Kota RIPPARNAS menempatkan 50 Bukittinggi itu sendiri. Posisinya yang DPN yang tersebar di 33 provinsi, dan 88 strategis merupakan segitiga perlintasan Kawasan Strategis Pariwisata Nasional menuju daerah utara, timur dan selatan (KSPN) yang mencakup 50 DPN. secara Sumatera. Serta dengan dikelilingi oleh rinci dijelaskan dalam ayat 1 dan 2 pasal tiga gunung yaitu Gunung Marapi, 10 PP No. 50 tahun 2011, dan kota Singgalang dan Sago seakan menjadi Bukittinggi termasuk kedalam salah satu tonggak penyangga untuk memperkokoh target daerah DPN tersebut, sekaligus kota Bukittinggi. Inilah yang didukung oleh perda nomor 25 tahun menyebabkan kota Bukittinggi disebut 1987 sebagai daerah Pengembangan juga sebagai —Kota Tri Arga“ yang Pariwisata dan Kota Tujuan Wisata utama memiliki cuaca berhawa sejuk di Propinsi Sumatera Barat dengan dicanangkannya kota Bukittinggi sebagai Disamping itu Bukittinggi juga —Kota :isata“ terhitung semenjak dilengkapi dengan peninggalan sejarah tanggal 11 Maret 1984. yang dapat diketgorikan sebagai keajaiban seperti, Lobang Jepang, benteng Fort De Kock, jam Gadang, Jom FISIP Volume 1 No. 2. Oktober 2015 3 Rumah Kelahiran Bung Hatta, Museum II. Kebijakan pembangunan budaya, Tri Arga dan lain sebagainya. Hal ini dalam jangka panjang diarahkan untuk membuktikan Bukittinggi sebagai kota pengembangan suatu tatanan tua yang sarat dengan sejarah, salah masyarakat Kota Bukittinggi yang satunya yang selalu melekat dengan menghargai dan melestarikan identitas sejarah bangsa yaitu Bukittinggi menjadi dan kearifan nilai budaya lokal sebagai Ibu Kota Republik pada masa bagian integral dari kepribadian kemerdekaan Indonesia yang di kenal nasional, serta memiliki kemampuan dengan pemerintahan darurat republik beradaptasi dan merespons setiap Indonesia (PDRI) pada bulan Desember perubahan yang disebabkan oleh 1949 ± Juli 1950. Kota ini berada di kemajuan teknologi dan informasi. tengah-tengah dan berbatasan langsung Sedangkan dalam lima tahun kedepan dengan kecamatan-kecamatan yang ada di pembangunan bidang kebudayaan kabupaten agam dan memiliki akses terutama diarahkan pada : perlintasan dari dalam dan luar provinsi 1. Revitalisasi lembaga-lembaga adat Sumatera Barat agar berfungsi dan berperan dalam pembangunan masyarakat. Adapun kebijakan yang di tempuh 2. Meningkatkan apresiasi dan dinas kebudayaan dan pariwisaan dalam partisipasi masyarakat terhadap pengembangan kepariwisataan di kota pengembangan kebudayaan daerah. bukittinggi yang tertuang dalam Rencana 3. Mengelola, mengembangkan dan Strategis (RENSTRA) Dinas Kebudayaa memperkenalkan peristiwa budaya,
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