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Vršac Za Početnike Vršac Pentru Începători

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Vršac Za Početnike Vršac Pentru Începători Structural Funds Opština Vršac EUROPEAN UNION GOVERNMENT OF ROMANIA SERBIAN GOVERNMENT 2007–2013 Vršac za početnike Vršac pentru începători Structural Funds Opština Vršac EUROPEAN UNION GOVERNMENT OF ROMANIA SERBIAN GOVERNMENT 2007–2013 This project is funded by the European Union Vršac for Beginners Project title: Home of Longevity for Cultural Treasury of Banat Material editor: Municipality of Vršac Publishing date: July 2012 The content of this material does not necessarily represent the official position of the European Union In case of any complaints, contact: [email protected] IPA Project • Regional Centre for Cultural Heritage of Banat Concordia Vršac, Bulevar Žarka Zrenjanina 20 • +381 13 832 902 • www.banatheritage.com • [email protected] Gradski muzej Vršac •2012 Vršac za početnike Vršac pentru începători Vršac for Beginners Tekst priredili / Text pregătit de / Written by Dragana Lepir Jelena Stojanović Kristijan Munćan Fotografije / Fotografii / Photographs by Ivan Kalnak Ivana Pantović Dizajn / Designul / Design Ivana Pantović Tehnički urednik / Tehnic Editor / Technical Editor Ivan Kalnak VRŠAC ZA POČETNIKE / VRŠAC PENTRU ÎNCEPĂTORI / VRŠAC FOR BEGINNERS Prevod / Traducere / Translation Agencija „ALPHA LINGUA” Vršac Odgovorni urednik / Editor / Editor in chief Anica Medaković Urednik / Editor / Editor Ivana Pantović Izdavač / Editor / Published by Gradski muzej Vršac / Muzeul Municipal din Vârşeţ / City Museum Vršac Štampa / Imprimate / Printed by Tuli Vršac, 2012 Tiraž / Circulaţie / Circulation: 500 © Gradski muzej Vršac • 2012 „Град под Кулом“ један је од најстаријих „Oraşul sub Cetate” este unul din cele mai „A Town under the Tower” is one of the old- у Војводини. Зна се да је име Вршца словен- bătrâne oraşe din Voivodina. Este cunoscut fap- est towns in Vojvodina. It is well known that ског порекла, а помиње се први пут 1427. tul că numele Vârşeţ este de origine slavă, se the name “Vrsac” has a Slavonic origin, but под називом Подвршан, што значи „испод aminteşte pentru prima dată în anul 1427 cu the town was mentioned for the first time in брега“. Касније је отпао префикс „под“ и до- numele Podvrscan, ce ar însemna „sub deal”. 1427 under the name “Podvrsan”, which means дат је завршетак „шац“ и тако смо добили Mai târziu a dispărut prefixul „pod” şi a fost “under the hill”. Prefix “pod” was dropped lat- име Вршац. Међутим, његова историја сеже adăugată terminaţia „şaţ” şi în felul acesta am er and suffix “sac” added to form the present дубоко у прошлост... primit numele Vârşaţ, adică Vârşeţ. Totuşi, isto- name “Vrsac”. However, its past goes far back ria lui are rădăcini departe, în trecut... into the history... • Ша је о шо Вршац чини особеним? Брег изникао из равнице, непрегледни виногради, кула која доминира над градом. • Care este faptul care face ca Vârşeţul să fie deosebit? Dealul care se ridică din câmpie, vastele viţe de vie, cetatea care domină deasupra oraşului. • What makes Vrsac so unique? Hill-emerging from the plains, endless vineyards and the tower-dominating over the city. ГРБ STEMA COAT OF ARMS Управо те симболе крије грб града још од 1804. Chiar aceste simboluri se ascund în stema oraşului Those are the symbols, which have been hiding in када се у свом пуном сјају и колориту појавио încă din anul 1804 care a apărut în plina sa sple- the coat of arms since 1804, when in its full splendor на тржишној повељи коју је Вршцу подарио аус- doare şi colorit pe carta de piaţă dăruită Vârşeţului and colors it appeared on the trade charter granted to тријски цар Фрања II за ратне и мирнодопске din partea împăratului austriac Fracisc II pentru Vrsac by Austrian Emperor Francis II for wartime and заслуге. Грб је у облику печата, а на њему се на- merite în timp de război şi în timp de pace. Stema peacetime merits. The coat of arms is in the shape of лази све оно што заправо представља Вршац: este în formă de sigiliu, şi pe ea se află tot ceace, în a seal that contains all elements that actually make брег, виногради, вршачко утврђење, цркве. realitate, reprezintă Vârşeţul: dealul, vinele, cetatea Vrsac: the hill, vineyards, Vrsac Fortress and churches. Изнад куле, на плавој позадини, представљена Vârşeţului, bisericile. Deasupra cetăţii, pe un fundal Above the tower, on a blue background, there is a је рука српског војводе Јанка Халабуре и одсе- albastru, este prezentată mâna voevodului sârbesc hand of the Serbian Duke Janko Halabura holding a чена глава турског аге, кога је Јанко поразио у Janko Halabura şi capul tăiat a agăi otoman, care a cut off head of a Turkish aga, who was defeated by двобоју приликом српско-румунске буне про- fost învins de Janko în duel, în timpul revoltei sâr- Janko in a duel held during the Serbian-Romanian тив Турака 1594. beşti şi româneşti contra turcilor în anul 1594. revolt against the Turks in 1594. 3 Оно што нећете наћи на грбу, открићете уколико Ceeace nu puteţi afla pe stemă, veţi descoperi dacă The things you will not find in the coat of arms, you се упустите у пустоловину откривања вршачких porniţi în aventura descoperirii secretelor Vârşeţului, can discover if you embark on the adventure of dis- тајни, под условом да сте љубитељ лепоте, умет- cu condiţia că sunteţi iubitor al frumuseţii, artei, is- covering the secrets of Vrsac, provided that you love ности, историје и старине. toriei şi antichităţilor. beauty, art, history and antiquities. • Шарманто градско језгро саткано од мешави- • Centrul fermecător a oraşului compus din un • A charming city centre composed of a mixture не стилова amestec de stiluri of styles • Велики број сакралних објеката • Un număr mare de clădiri sacrale • A large number of sacral buildings • Владичански двор са иконом Богородице • Castelul Eparhiei cu icoana Maicii Domnului de • Bishop’s Palace with the icon of the Virgin Бездинске la Bezdin Bezdinska • Неколико музеја • Câteva muzee • Several museums • Виноградe и вино са дугом традицијом • Viţe de vii şi vin cu o lungă tradiţie • Vineyards and wine with a long tradition • Родни град многих знаменитих личности • Oraşul natal a multor persoane importante • The birthplace of many a famous person • Дудове које је засадила Марија Терезија • Duduri plantate de Maria Tereza • Mulberries planted by Maria Theresa • Манастире и дворце у околини • Mănăstirile şi castele din împrejurime • Monasteries and castles in the vicinity of the town 4 Кула Cetatea THE TOWER Симбол града Вршца представља вршачка кула Cetatea reprezintă simbolul oraşului Vârşeţ şi ea The Tower of Vrsac which dominates over the town која доминира панорамом града. Бројне леген- domină pe panorama oraşului. Se istorisesc multe represents the town’s symbol. Numerous legends де испредају се о настанку куле и њеној намени. legende despre apariţia ei, despre motivele pentru are spun about the origin of the tower and its Постоје мистериозне приче о томе шта је кула care a fost folosită. purpose. скривала. Па се тако помиње прича да у њој Există poveşti misteriose despre ce ascundea ceta- There are mysterious stories about what is hidden живи опчарана краљевска кћи у облику змије, tea. Aşa, se povesteşte că acolo trăieşte fiica ferme- in the tower. One of them says that there lives an на глави са сјајном круницом посутом драгим cată a împăratului în formă de şarpe iar pe cap are enchanted king’s daughter turned into a snake камењем. Она се појављује једном у сто годи- coroniţă de aur preserată cu pietre scumpe. Ea apa- that wears a shiny crown sprinkled with precious на да затим буде искупљена. По другој легенди re o dată în o sută de ani pentru a fi răscumpărată. stones. She appears once every hundred years to вршачку кулу је настањивала Света Цецилија, După o altă legendă în Cetate trăia Sfânta Cecilia be released from the magic. According to another која брине о судбини Вршчана; њених штиће- care se procupa de destinul Vârşeţenilor, proteja- legend, Vrsac tower is inhabited by Saint Cecilia, who ника; она излази за време невоља и лебди ваз- ţii ei, ea iasă în timpuri nefaste şi pluteşte prin aer looks after the residents of Vrsac, her protégés, so духом изнад града окружавајући га једном мре- deaspupra oraşului înconjurându-l cu o plasă pen- she comes out in times of trouble and hovers above жом да му претећа беда не може учинити ништа. tru ca această mizerie ameninţătoare să nu poată the city, covering it with a net that protects it from Тако је 1763 године спречила да Вршац захвати să-i facă nimic. Aşa deci, în anul 1763 a oprit ca the threatening misfortune. That is how Vrsac es- куга која је беснела у суседном Павлишу. Vârşeţul să fie afectat de ciuma care a făcut ravagii caped the plague raging in the neighbouring vil- Вратимо се ипак историјским изворима. Управо în învecinatul Pavliš. lage of Pavlis in 1763. је око куле и испод ње основано прво насеље Să ne întoarcem totuţi izvoarelor istorice. Chiar în Let us, however, return to the historical records. It које је прерасло у данашњи град. Замак на вр- jur de cetate şi sub ea a fost întemeiată prima aşe- was around the tower and below it that the first шачком брегу је вероватно подигнут у првим zare care a crescut în oraşul din ziua de azi. Castelul settlement was established that grew into today’s деценијама 15. века када долази у посед деспо- pe dealul Vârşeţului probabil a fost ridicat în pri- city. The castle on the Vrsac Hill was probably built та Стефана Лазаревића, који међу бројним по- mele decenii a secolului 15 când devine posesiu- in the early decades of the 15th century when it седима добија и вршачки замак на поклон од nea despotului Stefan Lazarevic, care printre multe came into possession of Despot Stefan Lazarevic, угарског краља Сигисмунда у склопу уговора alte proprietăţi în cadrul contractului pentru recu- who among the many estates receives Vrsac Castle о признавању врховне власти угарског краља.
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