Nunavik Inuit Land Claims Agreement

sW3¯6 @))^ • eu3Dx5 ry5Jtø5 &&-u4 SUMMER 2006 • ISSUE 77

sux3Jxu WNhMs1qi3ui WQs3n/sJ5 wcl8ixC/3g5 Pre-sea Training for Fishing Industry Candidates

« kN[7u w3cgw[oEi3k5 vt1zº5 « v?m4f5 W?9odtÌ3tyAtq5 gryt5yAtsJ5 « x2Xs2 m8iq8i4 m8ib3g5 wKp[s2 nixi …xyq9l xuh5

• Nunavik Justice Committees • Government Beneﬁts Explained • Collecting Murre Eggs near Ivujivik …and much more

WA5pJ5 kN[s2 wkq8i4 Serving the Inuit of Nunavik Ì4fNi s9li / This Season

vNbs2 v?mz gn3ty§aZlx3tlA wk8i4 WA5pAtc3iui4 nS7uAtc3iui9l, ryxi gryt5yAtq5 wk5t©§a1qg5. kN[7u vNbs2 mr[4 fxS‰n8 v?mz n3e÷Cb1qm5 wk8i4 gn3tyZhx3dA5 W5JIsAti4 xgw8NsJc3izi4, mr[4 kNogò5 tudtQ?z5 toIsAtc3ym5hi r=Zg3ixt9lA yKjx5ty?9oxlil wkw5 WAmIq8i4 kN[7u. wMsJdtgxc3g6 wMst9lA W5JIsA†5 wly3¬to8k5 xyq9l W?9od†5 xbsysˆ3tg9l wk8i4 W?9odtÌ3ymJi4 èuy Ñ x7ml fÑ4 b3Czi xqctŒ8isymJu5. mr[4 w2WQIcExc3S6 vJytbs5yxm¯b Wix3ioEi4f5 wkoEi4f5 Ì4yoEIsiq8ªozJ5 sçAtsCÌc5bMs3g5 v?mgc4f5 ®NsIdtub WsygcoEi4fl W?9odtÌEymIq5 xqctŒ8if5. xsM5yi3jl eg3qsChx3iu9l ®NsIi4 st3[sAt5nIi4 wkw5 wMsA8Nyd9lQ5 gÇZq8i4 WNhx3tlQ5. x7ml v?m4f5 W?9odtq8i4 gn3bst5yi5ti b3Cu ®NsItA5 mrbZhx3ij5. wkgc3ªozJ5 gn3bstQx9MbK5 vNbu wkgcsi3j5 rNsI3ÌEIs§i4 Makivik Corporation gryt5yAtc3hbl fÑ7u wkgcsi3j5 ®NsI3ÌEIs§i4. Makivik is the ethnic organization mandated to represent and promote the interests of Nunavik. Its membership is composed of the Inuit beneficiaries x9MymJu4 n3et5yymZ5b w3cgw[oEº5 vt1zpq8i4 of the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement (JBNQA). Makivik’s kN[7u sk3y?9oxmb Ì4fx W7mE1aX9oxht9l. Ì4fx v?mtg5 responsibility is to ensure the proper implementation of the political, social, and cultural benefits of the Agreement, and to manage and invest the xsM5yA8nstc1qvlx3ht4 WNhx3Xg5 x5pŒ1q©t5yZt9l ‘Wi3lbsJ6’ monetary compensation so as to enable the Inuit to become an integral part of the northern economy. ‘Wi3lg6’. xgi5yx6 x5pŒ5yxu4 Wsyc3ty5ht4 cspn3ix3ht4 mr[4 eu3Dxq5 Nr5 WymJu4 Wâlbc3m¯b. si4Ïgc3uJ6 wKp[7us5 yKo3tzi4 mr[4 eu3Dxq5 kwbs?2S5 mr[s2 gnC3nix3[zk5. gis3cbs?5g5 €bu coau4 si4Ïhi kNozius5 x2Xi4 Wrsn3iE§q8i4, Ì4fx xrc3tNQ5 wk8k5 W?9odt5nIo8k5 èuy Ñ x7ml fÑ4 b3Czi I xqctŒ8iu5. bf8NbsJ5 whmQIsJ9l b=Zi mr{[s2 S3gi3nq5b Wrsn3Xg5 w8ˆD3i mJC3ht4 x©tix3bui4 w2WAh5yxixd K5. whmQIgw8NE1qbq5. g1zh5tyKA5 x9MoD5y eu3Dxos3tj5, gnC5ni4 x9Max3ymJi9l, x5paxi9¬8î5. x†y, gÇDty GyM†5H, sçMstyl x9McystlQ5. Makivik Magazine Makivik Magazine is published quarterly by Makivik Corporation. It is distributed free of charge to Inuit beneficiaries of the JBNQA. The opinions expressed herein are not necessarily those of Makivik Corporation or its executive. We welcome letters to the editor and submissions of articles, artwork, or photographs. Please include your full name, address, and telephone number. mr{[f5 S3gi3nq5 Wb €bu, xzJ3ç6 ÷i Wb, xzJ3ç2 gzoz W5nb3[ni4 WD3Xoxt5yi3i4 WA5p[7u €bu xMf, xzJ3ç2 gzoz mrbZhx3if5 WD3Xoxt5yi3u4 WA5p[7u €8bi w5gñ5, ®NsIoEp7mE4 ÷p Ít, x9Mt7mE4 Makivik Executive Pita Aatami, President Johnny Peters, Resource Development Vice-President Adamie Alaku, Economic Development Vice-President Anthony Ittoshat, Treasurer George Berthe, Secretary mr{[f5 WNh5toµq8i4 Nf3nmE8it8i4 cspmIsdpKA5, xyoµq8il W[Qc5bMs3bt8i4 gn3tyAt5ni4 x9MbsJ5ni9l eu3Dxox5ti4 W5yxymt5yicMs3gi4. We wish to express our sincere thanks to all Makivik staff, as well as to all others who provided assistance and materials to make the production of this magazine possible. eu3Dxos3t / Editor

Ù2 uxh / Bob Mesher BERTHA ADAMS & BOB MESHER scsys2 É2Xk5 k5tEº5/ Translation ui xü9M4 / Minnie Amidlak ™? cn9lx6 / Eva Kasudluak çpx rosb6 / Harriet Keleutak Sgo4 wo¥5g6 / Putulik Ilisituk Although the Government of Canada normally informs citizens about their ™? Wl3©5 / Eva Pilurtuut support programs and services, is it seldom that this information gets distrib- eu3DxD3bsJ5 / Layout uted in Inuktittut. As there is also no Canadian government office in Nunavik yet, w5yx5tC tã8f8k5 / Etsetera Design Inc. we are taking this opportunity to inform Inuit of these services that are availa- x9MymJ1absJ5 mr{[f8k5 Published by Makivik Corporation ble, including services for Canadians with disabilities as well as other benefits P.O. Box 179, Kuujjuaq, Quebec J0M 1C0 Canada and tax breaks for individuals in the latest federal budget. Furthermore, in our sçMstz / Telephone: (819) 964-2925 explanation of government benefits for Nunavik seniors we outline some main •ñMcsyxChxD†5 b4vi eu3Dxî5g5 wozJ5 wk8k5 èuy Ñ x7ml fÑ4 b3Czb xqctŒ8izi5 W?9odtb3bgk5 ryxi. points about the Canada Pension Plan as well as an introductory description of *Contest participation in this magazine is limited the Quebec Pension Plan. to Inuit beneficiaries of the JBNQA. We present an update about the justice committees in Nunavik, which are yM2Wxî5g6 x5pax6: Awo g9MsZ6 sW3¯6 @))^��eu3Dx5 ry5Jtø5 &&-u4 �� S[3igus6 €8i‰4ftymJ6 ix3dx‰4ftu4 growing in number and importance. Departing from other justice and social ®N2Xu9l cutEstu4 xgEs3nhi sux3Jxü5tsi3u4 wo8ixhi kN[7u organizations that are run by hierarchy, the justice committees have no authority wcl8ixtk5. x5pox[iz Ù2 ux§2. figures and don’t distinguish between “victims” and “offenders”. Everyone is seen Front cover: Willie Tullaugak of Puvirnituq is equipped in a safety helmet and mask while as an equal where the challenge is to uproot problems from their source. We also learning to operate fire extinguishers during the have a story from Ivujivik mayor Adamie Kalingo telling about his community’s pre-sea training course for Nunavik fisheries. Photo taken by Bob Mesher. yearly harvest of murre eggs from nearby island cliffs. These Ivujivik rock climb-

eu3Dxq5 WA5pJ5 kN[s2 wkq8i4 �� ers are a hearty breed for sure, and we hope that whatever activity you are into

mr[4 ISSN 1481-3041 this season, you will do so with care. 2 wloq5 / Contents

iDx˜3dt5 ‘xq3lt5’ ß4©WE !^-u5 @)-j5 th th 04 sW3¯6 @))^��eu3Dx5 ry5Jtø5 &&-u4 �� Vote “Yes” on October 16 to 20

kN[7u w3cgw[oEi3k5 vt1zº5 Nunavik Justice Committees 06

Ó+ wx: i3o?9˜5 First Air: Nirlivallaat 11

wkgò5 W?9odtÌEhq8i4 gryN3tyAtsJ5 Beneﬁts for Seniors Explained 15

wly3¬tc3gªozJ5 For People with Disabilities 19

WdItÅ3io8i4 Legal Tips 22

v?mgc4f5 Ì4yoEi3u4 W?9odtq5 gryt5yAtsJ5 24 Federal Tax Beneﬁts Explained

kN[7u nNá5 Nunavik Creations 27

klx3ymJ5 Caught in the Trawl 28

MAINA KUMARLUK kNc3çymJ5 s9ldtz5 Ôi @!, @))^, ÔyW ˆM5©I6, wonW wk2X4, bix9o wk2X4, uxp „3t dµl4 ˆ8y Ùonl wkw5 x8kÇ5nIgcq8i4 xg3ht4 x5pos3bsJ5 gWs2 N5yIs2 wkw5 wl3dy3uA5 Nlâ4fbz5 yKÇî5ht4 wk5Jxu wl3dyoEpk5 nNIsJ[i3u4, Sr4fk5. 30 National Aboriginal Day, June 21st, 2006, Josephie Nalukturuk, Elisapee Inukpuk, Daniallie Inukpuk, Inuit Cultural Identity MaryWA5pJ5 Pirti Kumarluk kN[s2 and wkq8i4 Nancy Palliser pose wearing�� traditional Inuit garb in front of this sealskin tent that was made by Inukjuak’s local cultural committee, Pukik. x4Ñ5: ry5yAttA5 §ai6 Akpyte: Strength in Numbers 36

wkw5 cz5bÔq5b SJz sˆ hNV / WHAT IS THIS? Air Inuit Propwash 39 kN[7u5 gnC5ã5 ñMcstÌD8NSt5FñM8îAtÌD8NSt5 ßuz x5paxu4Fx5pdtu4 42 hNs7m¯5 NMs5ylxgxD[5. hNsJE5yi3k5 NMs5yQxDtt5 Nunavik Notes x9Mb3[f5 xs9Mt9lQ5 sKz gÇ3lt4 “Mystery Photo s[Z3gw5 Contest” x5paxu4 NlN3gu4 Wos5pAtc3i6 s?i gÇDtu. Youth 50 WJ8NyxdN3St5¡

You could win $100 if you guess what this mysterious picture is. Mail your answer to “Mystery Photo Contest” at the address shown below. Good Luck! ñM8îAtÌEx9ä5 / BONUS PRIZES

NMsbsQx˜3g5 ƒ4Jxu ie5y[7u, m3Î4 mr{[4 eu3Dxq5b Év9Mc3ht4 s[iDq4 x7ml y5t7WE @(, @))^-u m3Î4 kN[7u nNá5 bfuN3©ht4 X3dI5nIq4 NXb5nIq4. Two Makivik Magazine T-Shirts and two Drawing will be held in Kuujjuaq on Nunavik Creations decorative candles. Friday, September 29th, 2006 x5paxu4 NlN3gu4 Awo ¬vy xsXl7us6 ñMcsMsJ6 R!))-i4 NMs5yhi wkw5 Wos5pAtc3i6 mr{[s2 cz5bÔq5b m3DoxÎ2 wZ˜zi4. xyq5 gnc5bstAtoEi3u4 ñMcMsJ7uJ5 sfx Wb d3[l4, §n8 WA5p[z5 €Nˆ6, pi ®8 x7ml ÌMyx w[9M6. Mystery Photo Contest Willie Lucassie of Aupaluk won $100 for Makivik Corporation correctly guessing this Air Inuit Twin Otter P.O. Box 179, bubble window. Other great prizes went to Kuujjuaq, QC Peter Koovalook, Susan Annanack, Jeannie magazine J0M 1C0 Cain, and Talasia Ivilla. MAKIVIK MAKIVIK

3 ß4gWE !^u5 tr9lA ß4gWE @) iDx3iu4 WNhxctŒM3SA5 iDx3if5 ‘xq3lb’ iDx3tbsAt5ti4 kN[7us5 wkw5 kNb3ij5 xqctŒAt5nq8i4

kN[7usoµ5 iDx3ic3tbs˜3S5 wozJu4 kN[7us5 wkw5 v4fxbZ xWEstslt4 iDxDts2 yf5nIzi kNb3ij5 xqctŒAt5nq8k5, Ì8N iDx3i6 x©ttbsic˜3g6 x9Mbsym˜3g5: s9li ybmi ß4gWE !^u5 WQx3lt4 tr9lA ß4gWE @), @))^. iDxD8Ngoµ5 %)¶q5 wMc3lt4 xbsy3u4 ‘xq3lt4’ iDxExc˜3g5 ˆ7mQ[Œ5 kN[7us5 wkw5 kNb3ij5 Ì4fx xqctŒAt5nso3g5 Öà9lxgk5 ryxi iDxDbsgxDt4 xqctŒAt5nÌEymIq5, xq3WQ5bs6 xiÅticD8N˜3mb. mr{[f5 Ì4fiz xtos3tsZI3tlQ5V

iDx3gi xq3g5 xu§i3nsgx3Xb, raixA5: € xsv • kN[7us5 wkgw8â5 N7uicyZI3g5 wm3Wü5g5 kâ5 *)¶q8i4 Ì4fxl wMcCI3ht4 kNs9l wms9l iDxD8Ngk5 wMQIsQxu4 cspmlt5 iDx3gk5 wrxzî5gi W5nb3[nsJk5 WJ8NstÌ3iu4. wMs1qgxD[5, iDx1q©i5 grc3tbs˜3g6 ‘xsÏ3©2’ x5pxi4. • kN[7us5 wkw5 ®NsI3ÌCI3g5 ®NsI7m‰5 R*%uox8 w3csm5yxExc3gy. Ì4fiz xqctŒAt5ni4 kw5yZhx3ht4 u5yt8îgi4, Ì4fN1z5 sk3ii5 R%%uox8i4 sk3iø5 x3ÇAi !@i sdà5g€l8i4 WNhxExcc5bMsJQxq5. ®NsIc3tyAt5nsZI3tlQ5 kN[7usi4 wkgw8Ni4 x7ml grymst5ã5 Ì4fkz kN[7u wkw5 kNb3ij5 wk4 xbsysli xro3bsAtcExcy5nX5 Ì4ftÅN xqc- xqctŒAtq8ªozJ5 kNooµi4 Wt5yAts˜3g5 b4vi tŒAttA5 wk©li xro3bsA8N[cyõ3hi. sW3¯u x7ml mr{[s2 S3gi3nq5 Ì4fx W9MEsiq8i4 • kN[7us5 wkgw8â5 x3ñbsAtQA8Nq5bu8i4 scsycq8Nc5bEK5 kNo8i gnsti4 xg3ht4. cEb- x8ig3iËozJi4 WJ8NstÌCI3g5 x7ml vmpsc5byZI3ht4 sItA5 gê8NbsA8N[z5 Wbc3uJ6 grymst5nbc3hi kNdtu8k5 kNdtul W5ndtq8k5. Ì4fiz kN[7u wkw5 kNb3ij5 xqctŒAtq8ªozJi4, • kN[7us5 wkgw8â5 W?9obsicCI3g5 ®NsIc3tb- wMst9lA ÷i Wbs2 iWoxEymIz scsyc3hi cktŒ4 sic5yxlt4 xqctŒAtsymJ5 xgo3tbsAt5nq8i4 Ì4fx xqctŒAtÌaNhx3g5 W9MEsic9lg3m¯b. X3NymAtsJi5…xyQx9˜lq8il WZI3ht4 mr{[f5 cEbsI4f5 gê8Nbs[QA8Nbq5 WzhwaJ5 N9oxk5 wo5yi4 iDxD8Nstoµi4 tosEK5 ß4gWE !û5 gê8N[QlQ5 gryQx4viD8Ngt5 sfNi: ß5gWE @) tr9lA ‘xq3ly’ iDxEx3gc5b˜dN3Sy. www.makivik.org www.nilca.ca www.nilca.org mr{[s2 S3gi3nq5 x7ml xyq5 Ì4fiz xqctŒAt5ni4 kw5yNhx3ht4 WNhcbsc5bymJ5 kN[s2 kNooµq8k5 x3[b3ic˜3g5 xqctŒAtÌaZhx3gªozJi4 gryt5yAtcEx3gvb9lt4 x7ml Ì8N x3[b3iz5 WQx3[c˜3hi y2t7WE !!, @))û4. Ì4fNi s9li bƒtõEKA5¡ eu3Dxq5 mr[4

4 Let’s Get Out on October 16th to 20th and Vote “Yes” for the Nunavik Inuit Land Claims Agreement

A Nunavik-wide vote will take place concerning the Nunavik Inuit Information on the NILCA is being sent to all the communities in Land Claims Agreement (NILCA) on October 16th to 20th, 2006. Fifty-per- Nunavik this summer and the Makivik executives continue to speak about cent-plus-one of all eligible Nunavik Inuit voters must vote “Yes” in order this important matter via our local FM stations. A website can also be for it to pass. accessed which provides information on the Nunavik Inuit Land Claims Agreement, including an audio message from Johnny Peters describ- If the vote passes, then: ing its importance. • Nunavik Inuit will become owners of 80 percent of the land in the Go on the Internet to any of these three sites to learn more: oﬀshore with full subsurface resource rights. www.makivik.org • Nunavik Inuit will receive approximately $85-million, of which $55- www.nilca.ca million will fund a new Nunavik Inuit trust that can make payouts to individuals. www.nilca.org • Nunavik Inuit will have secure harvesting rights and management The Makivik executives as well as others who have been working responsibilities for lands and resources. to develop this Agreement will begin an information tour of all Nunavik • Nunavik Inuit will beneﬁt from a fully funded implementation plan... communities on September 11th, 2006. See you then! and much more Makivik Corporation urges you to get out on October 16th to 20th and vote “Yes”.

Here is the question that will appear on the ballot: Do you approve the Nunavik Inuit Land Claims Agreement (NILCA) and authorize Makivik to sign the Agreement? YES NO

If you don’t vote, it is the same as voting “No.” Remember, a lot of hard work has taken place over the past 12 years to develop this Agreement. magazine MAKIVIK MAKIVIK BOB MESHER

5 xîb fxb w3cgw[oEi3u4 vt1zpi4 xbs5yƒ3typ kN[7u. Anita Gordon is the community justice initiatives coordinator in Nunavik.

w3cgw[oEi3tA5 vtmpdtK5, BOB MESHER WNhxctŒ5g5 Wsi3nj5 yKi3j5 Our Justice Committees: Working for a Better Tomorrow

µ8Nst9lA kN[7u w3cgwpxW8i vtmpco‰3S6 WNhx3gi4 So far there are justice committees already up and running in seven ybmsJ1QZ3gi4 kN[7u kNo8i sfx xtc3ht4: xrn3g†5 Nunavik communities: Akisartuijiit Committee of Kangirsuk, Kakautik vtmº5 vq3hu, vvst4 vtmº5 ƒ5JxÇW7u, hq3gwº5 Committee of Kuujjuaraapik, Sungirtuijiit Committee of Puvirnituq, vtmº5 S[3igu, wr5yº5 vtmº5 dx3bu, f5nN1qg5 Ikitsijiit Committee of Quaqtaq, Kutsanangitut Committee of Salluit, vtmº5 n9li, ã7mst4 vtmº5 wk4Jxu x7ml xsXl4 Saimmautik Committee of Inukjuak, and Aupaluk (which does not have GxtÌ3ME5ymqgw5 hoH. ƒ5Jxu s[Z3gk5 w3cgwpxW8i4 an official name yet). Kuujjuaq, which had a youth justice committee vtmpcMsJK6 x3ÇAw5 dø5 xiA3ymo3g5 hc3yt5yi3i4 about 10 years ago as an alternative measures program, has made ova- xyxA5 Wbc3ty¯c3bDm5ht4, WQx9MDmQxu4 vtmpc3ij5 tions to start up again, while Akulivik, Kangiqsualujjuaq and Kangiqsujuaq whmc5bu5ht4, sfx kNø5 xfo[4, vq3hxl4Jx6 x7ml are also showing more interest. “To see one in every community — that vq3hJx6 vtmpÌDmQxu4 WAmosu÷3inso3ut9lQ5. ''Ì4fiz would be ideal,” says Anita Gordon, who is the community justice initi- vtmpxW8i4 kNooµi4—bm8N Wsi3XsZI3g4,'' sc3g4 xîb atives coordinator for all of Nunavik. fxb, Ì8N xîb kNo8i WQx3tyi8k5 w3cgwpxW8i4 Anita first became interested in justice committees while living grjx3typ kN[oµu. in Kuujjuaraapik upon graduating from a Social Sciences college pro- xîb yK9oÙu xoxQIcEx1zMsJK6 w3cgwpxW8i4 gram. In 2001, after nearly a year of helping to develop the Kuujjuaraapik vtmpi4 ƒ5JxÇW3usa5hi WI‰3ico3hi wª5JyoEi3ËozJi4 committee, she was stationed at Makivik’s head office as a regional coor- eu3Dxq5 wo8ixg[is5hi wo8ix[7mEs2 xsMbzî5hi. @))!u dinator to replace Lucy Grey. With a growing number of communities

mr[4 x3ÇAoµvn7u xîb wvJMsJK6 W?9oxbsizi4 w3cgwp- getting their own justice committees and increased activity, Anita says 6 w3cgw[oEi3k5 vt1zº5 Justice Committees

xW5Ìi3j5 ƒ4JxÇW7u, WNhMsJK6 mr{[s2 x9M[zi she hopes there will soon be full-time local coordinators to help carry kN[7u grjx5typQIs5hi wNœ5hi ly fºu4. kNo8i the workload. “I can’t always be there for every one of them. It is not just xu§o?9oxt9lQ5 N7ui6 w3cgw[oEi3k5 vtmpq5 six anymore, it's now seven and it is getting more and more complicated W?9oxgw8Ngw9l, xîb sc3S6 iEsAm5hi µ8Nf5 because they are seeing more and more cases — the way to operate as kNø5 N7ui3ui4 grjx3typ5Ì3iEZ/3bq8i4 wvJix3gi4 a justice committee is more sophisticated as a result.” WNhxZ5nso3gtA5. ''Éyà8NoµD8Nq5gz w¬8Nq8k5. At first, the justice committee members worked solely as volunteers Wz§J3ggw8NsA8âmb ybmsJ3©o3mb WIEx5gX9oxhil without recompense, but these days they receive a per diem for their bf§aoC5b xuh1aX9oxJi4 vmQIsQxo8i4—xsM5yMzli time. “This is a form of saying ‘thank you’ to them,” Anita said. “But the w3cgwpxW8i4 vtmpi4 WIExgÔi3nso3g6 Öà7m5. people who come into a committee with the thought that they will make yKou4, w3cgwpx„5 wMsJdtq5 WNhxMsJK5 money out of it don’t last very long. They quit right away. So the people xro3gbsZt4, ryxi s9lu Ü?9MAyoxuk5 xro3bs§aoEK5. who do stay are the ones that are serious right from the beginning.” ''Öà¬3ht4 §3l bm8N scDtQ?s4 'Nƒ7ü4' Ì4fkz,'' ryxi Justice Quebec and Justice Canada have funded Nunavik’s justice vtmpk5 É5ht4 ®NsIosDmj5 xfix¬§a5Iq9M5 WNhxZ3u4. committees since the inception of the Makivik community justice pro- µ8NnstQ4 k3òN§aK5. Öà7m5 wkw5 vJy§5 Ö4fxaK5 gram in 2000. Also, since 2005, funding for the part-time administrators W9MEic§5 WQx3iu5.'' comes from the NRBHSS. Makivik requests and administers the funding w3cgw[oEº5 fÑ4 v?mzi w3cgwpoEpq8l for Anita’s position and all that goes with that such as her salary, office, ÏNbs2 v?mzb ®NsIc3ty?2S5 kN[s2 w3cgwpxWq8i4 and support from the Corporation’s legal and finance departments. Ömz5 mr{[j5 kNo8i w3cgwpoEi6 @)))u Makivik also administers funding for training and justice committee kwbsMsJt9lAi5. x7ml, @))%aMsJ7mi5 w7uA5 honorariums. ®NsIc3tbsiq5 s9lbµ5ystsqgk5 x9Mtk5 Five is a good number of members for a justice committee. If it ®NsIc3tbsMsJQK5 wlyoEp4fi5 kN[7u. mr{[4 goes beyond that financially it is straining and you have to wait for more xb8isDtc§aK6 ®NsIc3ty5hi9l xîbs2 WNhxZzi4 people to show up to form a quorum. A minimum of three is needed to w¬8Nq8il sfkzozJi4 ®Ns5Iñq8i4, x9M[zk5 x7ml make a good decision. nS5Isic3uhi wvJ3yIs5hi mr{[s2 Wd/oEp4fq8i4 There are no authority figures — everyone is viewed as an equal. A ®NsIoE[zi9l. mr{[4 ®NsIc3ty§aQK6 wo8ixt5yi3k5 member is ideally someone who has not committed a crime for at least x7ml w3cgwpxW8k5 vtmpsJi4 xro3gw§auhi. two years, although if they had been in trouble with the law previous to vtmº5 b9omsgxCu4 ˆ7m§5 vtmps5ht4 w3cgwpxW8i. that and have not recommitted, they are accepted. Some members were bom5 szÌîgx3mb ®NsI6 xuZy§a7m5 vtmº9l xu§gxCu4 at first doubtful about their qualifications and uneasy about the pros- sb3ec5bExco3hQ5 W§a5ht4. w3cgwpx„5 Wz§gxDt4 pect of working with an offender. “We have to remind people that you grÌD8N[c5yxg5. xzJ3çai3bc5Iq5g4 — w¬8Nt4 x5pŒtbsic3mb. Wi3lMs3ymqg4 sw[n3ymic1qg9l x3ÇÅ8i m3Îi vtmpk5 wMsA8Ng5, Wâlbc3g[isZlxDt4 yKixA5 ß5©tQ9lA Søy4fk5 Wi9lExMym1qgxDt4, xq3bsA8Nd5 vtmpsi3j5 w3cgwpxW4fi. wMq5 vtmº5 yK9ou dM3iüc5bMsJK5 WA8Nstc3yxClx3m¯7u4 x7ml whw9osht4 WNhctcc5bixExu4 wk7u4 Wi3lMs3ymJu4. ''wkw w3òtc5bExc5bK5 Wbc‰7mb wlui. w¬8Nb x5pŒqgu4 cspmic3SA5, yMgi3u4 x©3ymIK9l x5pŒq©K5. bm8N Wsi3nsZ5bs1qg4 Wsqi3nsZ5b¬8î5 N9oxi4 wk7u4. wkw5 bfgxCu4 wobEIs5yxi3ui4 wª7uJ9osˆ3ym/ sgxCu4, mgw¯5yx§a7mb. wMQx3ulA, wobEIs5yxgxCu4 wªctQIs5yxht9l xyk5, w3yN3yahZI1qMt5 xy8k5. ç3ic3ix/q9M†5 i1zlt9l, WAmIt5 wl8i ˆ7mytbs3mb. xfiZ˜4 gryZhMs3g5 bm5huz, xhw˜ gry5yxgxCu4, scMs3g5: ''h7Ë5 w3yQ5ni3u/C.'' wkdtQIsJ5 vmQIsJ5 vtmpxk5 giIs?9l§aK5 w3cgwp4fi5 s{?¬8î5 wªyoEp4fk5, wMq9o N7ui6 wvJ3bsAmo3ym§aK5. ø8 ¥8-lw sfNi WNhx3g6 Taiiga Vision-f8i, Ì8N w3cgw[oEi3u4 vt1zº5 WQs3nIsic3ht4 m8gEx9u. wµôMps§aK6, wo8ixt5yi3ul, xyqil nS5pi8i4 ANITA GORDON Justice committee members during a training session in Montreal. WNhxD5phi w3cgwpxW8k5 WNhx3ymK6 wkw5 kNoq8i !(((ui5. ø8 sc3S6 ''WNhx9ME5bC m8NsK4 w3òtQx3hQ5 already have it in within you. We all have different knowledge, wisdom magazine wkw5 bm8N w3cgwpoEi6 wk8ªoz3m5 yf5nI8ªo1zqm5, and experience. That doesn’t make us any better or worse than any-

x9McstªozZi9l, w3cg3bsymJ8k¬8î5 ry5ytgw8Nk9lî5— body. When people see that they are recognized and treated as human, MAKIVIK 7 xxxxxxxxxx Story title

vvst4 vt1zº5 ƒ4JxÇW7u w3cgw[7üht4. Kakautik Committee members in the Kuujjuaraapik court house. ANITA GORDON X2

wob3yiK8k5 wk8i4 yK9ostlŒgxD5b WAmI5ti4 WMzZ5b you open up. In addition, when you are recognized and accepted, you wªctŒ8ij5 ãmi3u4. ˆ7mgu4 wªyc3i6 ˆ7m[c5yxi6 tend not to be violent. You are not going to burst out and get angry, mo5bsQxooEisqM s{?¬8î5 w3cgw“5 cExq8i4, ˆ7mgu4 because your needs within you are being met. It took them a while to wªycyi6 ˆ7m[c5yxi6 grc3S6 §h5nyx3iu4 wªyzi4 understand that, but when they did, they said: ‘why was I afraid in the xbsys2 wª2. first place?’” Taiiga, r4vg3S6 xyq8i4 kNcçymJi4 kN[4 wMQIst9lA, Clientele are usually referred by the court or social services, but ckw5©m¯bl ˆ7mˆ3gu4 wªyc3i6 ˆ7m[c5yxi3j5 some come looking for help on their own. vtmpx„5 kNo8i N7ui4 €3eymAyc§a7mb ckw5ggw8Ni4 Lyne St-Louis of Taiiga Vision, which provides consultation, train- vmA8Nht4 whwlbs§i4 x5pŒqgi4 gÇD8Ngi4 Wi9li3j5 ing, and other support services for justice committees, started to work s{?¬8î5 hNgw8Nk5 Wi9li3Ët5yA8Nix3gj5. whmQIs- with native communities since 1999. She says, “My role is in fact to lxaxg6 w3cgwpx„5 vtmpq8k5 ˆM8icDm5ht4 wkw5 remind people that justice is about people and not about paper, files, WAmIq8i4, whmQIsJi4, x7ml w2WQIq8i4 cases and numbers — it is W5JtQ5hA nS5pAm5hQ5 ei3ht4 €3ebs[5ni4. by recognizing that peo- W[5nÌ3tyc5bS5 wk8i4 N7ui3uk5 WÌ5yxosud9lQ5 ple are a priority that we xqctŒ1q©AtQ§ui4 x5pŒqg4f5 Wix3if5. will achieve social peace. w3cgwpx„5 vtmpq5 wk8i4 nS5p§aK5, Justice is not about pro- Wbc3ty5ht4 xqctŒ1qgcogx3m5 €3eAt5nu4, cedures and court rooms, st5ty§aK5 scctŒA8Ni3u4 €8iN3gu4 justice is about the respect iÑ5gcc5bg[ist9lA, W5nÌ3tyZhx§a7uht4 of the dignity of each indi- kNo8k5 wªctQIs5yxo3iEZ/3bzi4 wª2. ctmº5 vidual.” wvJ§aQK5 WJ8Ni3u4 gipAm5ht4 kNo8k5 Taiiga Vision, which nN3Dti4 Wt5yht4 €3eAt5ni4 xqctŒ1qi3i4 serves other native terri- gryN3tyQx§aK9l w3cgwp4fk5 wµôMA8Nht4 tories besides Nunavik, wo3dy8ªozi3ni4 grÌDtc5yxi3nsc5bd9lQ5 defines justice committees x©tcD8Ngi4 w3cgw[QI3uk5. w3cgwpx„5 vtmpq5 as independent commu- nS5p§aK5 wk8i4 w¬8Nq8i4 srsctŒqgi4 nity-based structures that xats2X5 x3NsZlx3X5. W9M‰5 wMq5 xg3Ngw5 address conflicts of vari- w3cgwpx„5 vtmpq5 g1z[Q§q5 wà5©K5 §5hni6, ous natures that can lead ho5yxi6, x[ctc5yxD8Ni6, nWEIc1qi6, €3ebsi6, to crime or that could eventually lead to crime. The main concern of a N7ui6 scA5pA8Ni6, xqctŒA8Ni6 x7ml ãmi6. justice committee is to take the time to listen to people’s needs, con- wMsJ5 w3cgwpxW4f5 vtmpq8i €5hÎtc3S5 cerns and feelings in order to support them in the search of solutions. st3tbsdp5ht4 W9MEsJi4 xg3Ngi4 wvJctŒA8Ni3i4 They provide opportunities for people to take ownership of their con- xbsysozctŒa÷D8Ni3ul. w3cgwpx„5 vtmpq5 xg§aK5 flicts through different processes. A justice committee supports people, W[5nsA8Ngi4 ß5©tQlA §3l xf8ixî9lt4 xg3bsANlt4, facilitates conflict resolution, brings back dialogue where there is painful eu3Dxq5 ã7mX9oxi3j5 vh3î5, €3ebsi3j5 vh3î5, wà5©MzK†3ik5 silence, and facilitates community reintegration. It also helps to empower

mr[4 vh3î5, wk7mE8k5 sç[si8k5, x7ml nS5pi4f5. the community by providing tools to resolve conﬂicts and enlightens 8 w3cgw[oEi3k5 vt1zº5 Justice Committees

hNs¿5 xîb fxbs2 xox- AtQ/q5 WNhZ3ui4, wà5©K5 WNhZz x3[b3tyA8N§a7m5 kNo8k5 vtyA8Nhil wk7mE8i4. xîb5bs6 wk7m‰5 xsMpA8Niq8i4 v5hôoã§aK6 wªy3u4 WbcMs3tNQ5 Sø¥5, w3cgwº5, x7ml wªyoEº5. ß5©tQlA, xat x3Nixgw8N§a8iX5, whmQIsymK6 W9ME7u4 €8ixJ[is7m5 ÖàAil, k3ctbsqgxDi, gdi3j5 gÇgw8Nix3hi—xi3if5, ß7mt4f5, whm4f5, wªA8âgw8NCb3ixoCu. ''n9li6 h4fwANd6 kNo8i4 sN W5JtQ5hA s2WEIc3yxq8il y8Ni3l kw§a7m†4,'' ANITA GORDON ã7ms†5 vt1zpq5 wk5Jxu wMc3ht4 o8 ã8lwu4 Gbo3Wxî5g6H. Members of the Saimmautik Committee of Inukjuak with Lyne St-Louis (right). xîb sc3S6 ''scgw8N˜E9lA, xat x3Nixq8ˆ§aAi xats2 sh¯ §3l Xusa÷D8NS6. §3l shuk5 rX¬o3hi. wk4 w7ui4 wª[cD8N- the court by recommending culturally relevant sentences. The justice D8âo3hi wªyoµui9l hfwCb3hi gdi3j5 x9˜5 tr5hi— committees support people of all age groups and gender. Some impor- yK9osMsJJ9o wkw5 bf8NgwNc5bym1qM5 wªctu8i4 tant values that justice committees are based on are respect, honesty, WI3dgo3gu4 Öà5gns1qvlx3hi.'' sharing, courage, healing, autonomy, harmony and peace. xîb wo5yMsJQK6 si4vsygc3u4 wi3tEst[i3u4 wµ4 Members of the justice committee are striving to bring back the x4Û¬Å4 u3doxl4 tAyix3m5 rNgw8Nu4 t9oZCh5gu4. x7ml important values of mutual assistance and a sense of collectivism. Justice W9ME3u4 Wix3[cc5bMsJQK5 xat WQxc5bi5g[isogx3m5 committees use ways such as mediation, peacemaking circles, healing x3Nui4. xzJ3ç6 kNo8i ß5©tQ9lA mò5ytsi3Ù6 s{?¬8î5 circles, sentencing circles, elders counselling, and support. x3N6 yMgJ6 sX5yZI3g WQx3iJ[i3u4 k3cd9lA. xat What Anita Gordon loves about her job is that it gives her an oppor- scs5Jbs5yxCI3S6 x3Nz ys3isicc5bymŒ3m5 ˆ7mgu4 tunity to travel to the communities and meet elders. She encourages eg3zui4 w3ih5hi Öà7m5 €8it3bsc5bExc1qg6. xatz them to recall what it was like before there were police, courts, and social €3eQx3iqX5, x3Nz WxCq9l em5ytbsc5bymJ5 xyxi9l services. For example, when a man was habitually promiscuous, it was xatÌ3hi, WQx3ic5bX8iui4 vJyX5, xs9MtbsZI3g6 considered a serious sickness that would, if not stopped, lead to death kNo8i, ''bm8N Wsy6 xg3bsc5bymJ6 §hQIs5yxhi — in spirit, in heart, in mind, and eventually physical death. “Cheating vJytbs5yxhil. vJygw8Nt5yc5bi1qg5 xfî3gu4, could destroy a community because of the lack of trust and jealousy that WNhxy5nstQ5hA ryxis?5g[î5, '' xîb sc3g6. springs up,” Anita says. “To put it bluntly, when a man is promiscuous, xîb sc3uJ4 kNø5 gry?9oxo3iq8i4 §h5ni3n- his manhood [his penis] is like a tail. They start dragging it and become s?9oxgw8No3ht9l w3cgwpx„5 vtmpq8i4 yKizi- a slave to it. He is no longer self-sufficient and it can ruin his whole life sMsJ7mi4. ''wk4 kNo8i xW3§tcCI3X5 w3cgwpxW4fi4: to the point of death — previous generations of Inuit didn’t just watch 'rNs7m¯3W5 cspm1qMz, ckw5©m¯3W5 cspm1qMz and let a fellow human being suffer needlessly.” s{?¬8î5 hNu4 WAm7m¯3W5.' w3cgwpgw8Nsq5gw5, wkw9l Anita also learned about the warning story of a hairy hand grab- bm3u4 wob3yymo3S5 w3cgwpx„5 vtmpq8i4 µ8NstlA. bing anyone who tried to steal. And severe steps were taken if a man wkw5 Ì4fx scMzK5, 'kvC, xzJZ¬8î5 wvJ3yIsMs3S6 beat his wife. A camp leader such as the best hunter or a wise woman vtmpk5 s{?¬8î5 w3iC, izsZ¬8î5 s{?¬8î5 NIZ.' would approach the abuser and tell him to stop. It was explained to Ì4fx cspmK5 w3cgwpx„5 vtmpq5 wvJ3yym7mb N7ui6 him that his wife had already suffered enough while giving birth to his WNhctc3iuk5 Ì4fiz.' children and she did not deserve any more pain. If he did not change ß5©tsA8Ng5 xu§K5 w3cgwpxW4f5 vtmpq5 his ways, the wife and children would be taken away and she would WNhx5yxgx¬ym7mb. s9lw5 wMz8i xatu4 s[4vcMsJK6 get another husband. If his violence continued, he would be banished ãmic5yx§u4 Wctc5yxD8Nha5hi¬3gu4 ryxi i1zmE5g- from the camp. “It was a phase system that was respected and followed [isMsJK6 xi3Cui, yd5tEy5hi slExNeo3hil through. They wouldn’t allow it to go on over years, they would actually wMuk5. bm8N natbsMsJK6 w3cgwpx„5 vtmpq8k5 do something about it right away,” Anita says. Ì8Nl yd5tEJ[i4 xrødIsMsJK6 yd5tb[i3ui4. She says the communities are getting to understand and respect scctŒA8NyMsJK5 Ö5hm xats2 wMq9l w3cgwpxW4fl the justice committees more now than before. “The community mem- vtmpq5 gryAm5ht hNu4 W5Jtc3hi xat s[Z3g6 ber would say, ‘I don’t know who you are, I don’t know what you are, or i1zsmy8im¯5. gryoMsJ5 Ì8N xat s[Z3g6 what do you want.’ Not just the courts, but also the people recognize bf8NMs3ymQxz xˆNz WQxc3bbst9lA xatuk5 WxCs5hi justice committees now. They will say, ‘My brother was helped by them Öà7m5 xi5yA8Ni1qg4 Ns4fgw8N6 i1zsmi3ui4. Ì8N or my son or my brother-in-law or my sister.’ They know the justice com- magazine s[Z3g6 sçIsJ4 scoMsJK6 N9oQIsQxc3iui4 w2WAh5hi mittees by personal association.”

xzJ3çuk5, wM5JQ/s7mEoMsJ6, W9lx3gu4 xˆNuk5. MAKIVIK 9 w3cgw[oEi3k5 vt1zº5 Justice Committees

raizi, sc3bsoMsJ5 wMŒ5 xoxh8inso3t9lQ5 xatl There are a number of examples where justice committees have s[Z3g6 s2WQIc3yxi3nso3tlA xsM1qi3nu4. worked well. One time a young man who is usually calm and friendly wo8ixtbsiz5 w3cgwpx„5 vtmpq8k5 Wbc3tbs§aK6 went on an angry rampage at home, smashing things and threaten- Taiiga Vision Services-f8k5 wo8ixi3l vmQIs§a5hi ø8j9l ing the household. The case was diverted to a justice committee and xîbj9l. ybmsJ11QZ3©oz§aJ5 wo8ixt5yiE§q5 he was ordered to pay for the things he had broken. A dialogue was w3cgwpx„5 vtmpq8k5 wMsJi4 sfxl wo8ixt5yAts§aK5 opened up amongst the family and justice committee members to see xtc3ht4: ''gÇ3lA kNcçymJ5 w3cgwi3j5 x7ml ãmi6 what was behind the angry outburst. It was learned that the young wªctŒk5,'' ''nNi6 kNo8i w3cgwpoEi3j5 €3eymAyzi6,'' man had witnessed his mother being beaten by his father when he ''gryt5yQxD†5 whw9ozJ5 €3eyxD8Niq8i4,'' ''wk5tA5 §3l was a child and he had no outlet for his pent up anger. He verbalized xf8izª3li €3eAt5ni4 WNhx3g4 x7ml ã7mi3j5 bys3yi6 the need to feel loved by his parents, which led to more compassion, Ì8N yK9o6,''xf8izª3li €3eAt5ni4 WNhx3g6 x7ml especially from his mother. In a follow-up to this case, it was reported ã7mi3j5 bys3yi6 Ì8N ra9o6,'' ''w3cgwº5 x7mlrbsoymJ5 that the family was happier and the young man now has more con- s c c t Œ 8 i j 5 , '' ﬁdence. x7ml ''w3cgw[s2 The training for jus- Wsyz''. tice committee members WNh5†5 ß5©t- is provided by Taiiga Q9lQ5 Sø¥5, Vision Services and deliv- wªyoEº5 Wi9l- ered by Lyne and Anita. Ö o t 3 y i 3 j 5 The seven-module train-

WNh5†5 wMzi4 NOAHTAYARA ing for justice committee wMsdIs§aK5 wo8ixi3k5 gryos-ud9lQ5 wcgwpx„5 members include topics under the headings: “Toward Native Justice and vtmpq8i4 WNhxctŒ5yxi3nsc5bDm5ht4, ''Ì4fx òdIK5 Social Peace,” “Building a Community Justice Structure,” “Introduction cspix3mb ckw5©m¯5b. Ì4fx gry8ixS5 w3cgwpx„5 to Conflict Resolution,” “Humanistic Mediation and Peacemaking I,” yÓCQ/sQxc1qmb—bµîqmb WNháD5pZhx3lt4 ryxio “Humanistic Mediation and Peacemaking II,” “Sentencing Circle,” and bµî7mb WNh5yxosudp5ht4,'' xîb sc3S6. “The Court Process”. xîb sc3S6 whmAy3u4 wµ4 w3cgwpxW4fi4 Workers such as police officers, social workers and probation officers x3dtç3lt4 whm7uht4 WI‰5nstQxl8ixdz. ryxio are sometimes invited to the training sessions so they can understand WIExr8insZI3gnsK6 tAIsm[7u tAIsm¯3li the justice committees with the intention of forming better collabora- ñ5yymA8â¯3li kNo8i4 wk8il €8iymIu4 Wix3i[iz tions. “We invite them so they will know what we are about. They will mo9lA. xîb scEK4, ''vmQIsogxD[5 w3cgwpx„5 understand the justice committees are not a threat — not there to take vtmpq8k5 w7ui4 ryxi vmQxc3St5 wob3ylt9l over their job but to enhance it,” Anita says. ˆ7mq5gu4 xgMsEx8i4 x©tQxco3ht9l €3ehwi3u4 Anita says there is a perception that being dealt with through a mut9lA. ñ1zyQxcZ[5 Wi3lymI[i3is[5 wMq8il, justice committee is the easy way out. However, it might in fact be eas- wMt8il N7ui4 ñ1zyQxc3ht5 Wix3iEymIt5 W9lQ5, ier to serve time in jail than to face reality and people affected by ones N3ui3l w7ui4 ñymlt5. bm8NbZ grz. bm8N w3cgw[7u hurtful actions. She says, “When you are being dealt with by the justice WNhx3bs§a5Iq5g. nWEIcqME8i3u4 ur9ot3iu9l committee you have to take responsibility and recognize that you did x©tQxc§aK5 w3cgwpx„5 vtmp4ftÅ3lî5. wkw5 do something wrong and you have to make amends. You have to face x3dtc§5 w3cgwpx„5 vtmpq8i4 Ì4fxb4v xgw8NsJw5 the victim and the family, face your own family for what you’ve done, xy5pAmi3j5.'' and face yourself too. That’s the whole point. This is not done in court. o8 ¥8-lw scEx9Mg6 wµ4, ''bf8N¯D8âlt4 wk8i4 It takes a lot of courage and humility to go through a justice commit- Wi3lti4 h4fpx8i¬8î5, bm8N w2WN3gÙ¬7m5, vtmpx„5 tee. People who go through justice committees are the ones that are bfK5 wk8i4 WNhxChx3gi4 Wsi3nj5 yKi3j5. Ì4fx bf§aK5 ready to change.” wk8i4 v§t7uJi4, €3eAt5ni4 ei3ht4 x9lEx3lt9l Lyne adds, “Instead of seeing people as offenders and victims, which wkctŒ5yxi3j5.'' is stigmatizing, members see people that are trying to work things out xîb bfymK6 w3cgwp4f5 xyq9¬î5 tusJw5 for a better tomorrow. They witness people getting together again, try- xy5ºyxD8NClx3ht b7mst[i8i4 W9MEsJi4, ryxi ing to find solutions and take a step forward toward reconciliation.” ho vm?9l§aK5 ''§3l yMÌi vmQIsQxø5''-MJu4 Anita finds that although the court and other organizations do make k3czt5yi3nsÔ÷Zh5©÷Zt4 Wi3lis§i4. ''bm8NbZ a difference for serious crimes, they tend to treat “outside issues” rather w3cgwpxW4f5 vtmº5 W5Jtz,'' xîb scEK6, ''wkw5 than to prevent crimes. “This is the whole point of justice committees,” WAmIq8i4 kw5yA8N§aK5 kwbsA8Nq5gi4 w3cgwp4fk5 Anita says, “to meet the needs of the people that are not being met by xyq8kl ß5©tQ9lA wªyoEp4fk5 Søy4fk9l. WâlbEIsÔ2 the court and other systems like social services and police. When you xµzªogxC[5 wk8i4 w2WAh5ty§aKt5 vœQIs5yxmb get to the root of a problem it makes people feel acknowledged and xq3bsyx3mbl. wkw9l N7ui3ui4 WNhxoZu4, WJ8Nic3iu4 accepted. When they do this on their own, they feel empowered and eu3Dxq5 Wbc§a7mb xoxh8inso3ht9l wªhaK5 kNo8i. bm8N become happier human beings in the community. It is something that

mr[4 WNhx3bs§aK6 wkw5 xbsysˆ3ttbs5yxht4.'' is being done one person at a time.” 10 WîN ¥usi ‘s9lys5y‰3bsc5bo’ Say “Good Day” to Penina Simiunie

wkw5 WîN yusiu4 For those who do not already know Penina Simiunie, we hope you v t y M s 3 y mC b 1 q g 5 , have had a chance to meet her! vtyA8NyymdNo3d5¡ In November 2005, Penina joined the First Air family as customer ª[7WE @))%at9lA, services manager at our Montreal location. With over 14 years of expe- WîN wMQIsyMsJK6 Ó+ rience at both First Air and Air Inuit, Penina finds that working with the wx4f5 WNh5tsctŒtA5 public is extremely rewarding. “I really enjoy meeting all of our custom- wMŒ5gdtq8k5 WNh5t- ers, many of whom are my friends and family, travelling to or from the sy5hi cz5bÔ4f5 wrm- North.” Having been born and raised in Nunavik, Penina realizes the J5ni4 WA5p[5ti cz5bÔ3tu4 x5pos3bscto4 rxE Ílu4. vmpsi3u4 m8gpxu. x3ÇAw5 Posing with flight officer Gary Buhler. !$ szÌk5 WNhxc5b- ymo3hi Ó+ wx4fil wkw5 cz5bÔq8il, WîN wk8i4 WNhx3[cExu4 xoxN3gmEsiêMs3g6 ‘xoxN3gmExl4 wk8i4 vtyMs3gc5bExu4 cz5bÔ4f5 xs9MX9oxJi4, wMq5 wM9lg4v wMq9l wM8Ê5hQ5, b3Cu5 tr2Xg5 b3Cj9l sty?7uht4.’ kN[7u wªo3ym5hi WD3nym5hil, WîN grym5yxg6 cz5bÔtA5 xsMisQxc3Xgi4 Clx3hil grymQx9MX7uJ6 xi3Cui5 szy5gu5 Wym5ht4 cz5bÔ4f5 xs9MMzJ5 whµlxAtq8i4. ‘Ó+ wx4f5 wrmpxEMzIoµq8i4 cspm5yxdp§aJz g1zh5yxicExq5 x7ml wk4tg5 ryxi scsygxcDt4 whµldNQ5. bµ u{[ühaZm is{[shz wvJDµ3ixhzl wvJ3bsQxc3gcgx3m5 Ó+ wx4f5 xsMMzJ5 wh3Eyxd5hQ5.’

WîNu4 WNhctb3iEMsIK5 xqJu4 W?9odtsym9ME5g6 BOB MESHER X3 m8gpxu cz5bÔ4f5 xs9MMzJi4 WA5p[5ti, xsMbs?5gu4 WîN ¥usi wrQx3g[7üg6 Ó+ wx4fi m8gEx9u. €o4+ ex+r+j5, Ó+ wx4f5 u{[u4 cz5bÔ3ix[z8k5. ‘Ó+ wx4f5 Penina Simiunie at the First Air gate in Montreal. WNh{[yxÇlw5 d[xNc5bS9l w¬8Nt4 WNhct4 xyq9l WNh5tsJ5 Ó+ wx4fi’ scMs3g6 WîN. WNh5tÌEMsJ5htA5 importance of air travel but also understands the concern some peo- WîN WNhZzi g1zh5tyx7mE2XK5. Ó+ wx4f5 WNh5tdtoµui4 ple have with flying far from home. “I would like all of our passengers sWAh7mE2S5 s9lbµ5 WNhx3ht4 WZhx3iE§q8k5 wk8i4 to know that they are welcome and not to worry if they only speak in cz5bÔuA5 xsMMzJi4 d[xN3gu4 x©t5yxc5bdpZu4. Inuktittut. I am here to greet them and to assist where possible in mak- Öà7m5 ra9ou m8gpx4f5 xsMMzo3uA[5, bf3zn3N4 – ing their travel experience on First Air a pleasant one.” WîNu9l s9lys5yxdpQx3gQxu4 SwÅm5Öolt5, u{[ü§a7m5 Penina has been a fantastic addition to our customer service team wo8i4 wvJEx3ym5hi. in Montreal, which is led by Alex Hesketh, First Air’s station manager. “First Air is a great place to work and I really enjoy working with all of Ó+ wx4fl wMsJ4ftA9l xrroQx3tyymAti4 the agents and other staff at the company,” says Penina. Penina is a very WNhxDtsJ5 welcome addition to our team. The Company would like to applaud Ó+ wx4f5 sWAh2S5 Wbc3tyAtc- the efforts of all First Air employ- o3uQxu8i4 wMscbs[Q5hQ5 @))û ees who work diligently on a daily wkw5 cz5bÔq5b wMsJ4ftA5 basis to ensure that our customer’s cz5bsti4 xrroQx3ymt5yAti4 travel experience on First Air is an WNhxDtc3iq8k5. Öm1z5 wMsyM- enjoyable one. sJZui5 Ì4fkz WNhxDts?5gk5 So, on your next flight through x3ÇA6 @))$at9lA, Ó+ wx4f5 Montreal, don’t be shy — be sure to xg3bsahxi3nmEs?o3d5 x7ml stop by and say good day to Penina, d[xh2S5 bm4fiz W?9odtb3bgw5 she’s there to help. xrr8inQx9Mi4 WA8NMzo3uQxq5 b{ÓN xrroQx3bsi3nsQx3ymõ3umb. First Air and the Ilaujuq @))û wMsJ4ftA5 cz5bsti4 Fare Program xrroQx3tyymi3u4 WNhxDtsJ5 First Air is pleased to once magazine sftÅN cz5bÔ5 x3dyiq5tA5 wrA†5 again offer our participation in the

xrroQx3ymtbsic˜o3uJ5: 2006 Air Inuit Ilaujuq Fare Program. MAKIVIK 11 i3o?˜5 Nirlivallaat

– f4Jxu5 m8gpxj5 stj9l R&%) wMst9lQ5 Ì4yq5 Since joining the program in 2004, the response has been extremely xyoµq9l xro3gwAbsQx9MQxc§5. positive and First Air is pleased that beneﬁciaries will now enjoy even – ƒ4Jxu5 wcl8k5 stj9l R#@% wMst9lQ5 Ì4yq5 lower pricing than previously experienced. xyoµq9l xro3gwAbsQx9MQxc§5. For 2006 the Ilaujuq Fare Program will now be made available on cspmIs5yxExø5 Ì4fx wMsJ4ftA5 cz5bsti4 the following routes at these special low fares: xrroQx3ymJi4 WA8NDtsJ5 moZ3bc3mb moZq9l – Kuujjuaq to Montreal and return: $750 inclusive of all taxes and mo5bsyx3Xb ryxi wr[5nu4 h3dwyt5yAtsA8Nht4. surcharges cspQx3[c3gnsKy Ó+ wx4fi4 sKz scomly – Kuujjuaq to Iqaluit and return: $325 inclusive of all taxes and sur- !.*)).@^&.!@$& s{?¬8î5 wkw5 cz5bÔq8i4 charges sKz scomly !.*)).#^!.%(## mo5bsQxo8ªozJi4 Please note that there are a number of conditions that must be met grytbsQx4viDmA5y s{?¬8î5 cz5bst5ny8i4 in order to secure an Ilaujuq seat. Please feel free to contact First Air res- €3ebsdp8iD5y. ervations at 1.800.267.1247 or Air Inuit reservations at 1.800.361.5933 Ì4fx WNhxDbsiq5 ®NsI3gi4f5 W?9odt7mEx¬7mb for further information on the conditions or to book your next trip. kN[7usk5 yKi5ti4 vJyt8ixlQ5 WMzIK5 yKi5nt8il This is an extremely valuable program for beneﬁciaries of Nunavik Ó+ wx4ftA5 xsMiE˜3by8i4 iEsQIc3ixSA5. and we look forward to seeing you on board First Air.

®NsItA5-yM5gn3i6 Penny-Wise

x9Mbq5 ¥M u3exÔ9l €8t „3tsl By Sheila Makiuk and Andy Pirti

Nlâ3ymAto8i4 Registered Retirement wk7mEso3ij5 Savings Plan (RRSP) evDt5nIi4 (part 2) ni3¿tEis2 This second part of our RRSP information focuses on how a married or common-law couple can reduce their X3NymAtq5 (RRSP) taxes by income splitting and contributing to their (wMz @) spouses RRSP. Your partner and you can save money by one sim- yK9oi mr{[f5 eu3Dxq8i gn3tyAtQMsI5b Ì4fx ple method; income splitting, and it can be a very eﬀective way to lower ra9oEyIq5 gryt5yNhxDtsJ5 Nlâ3ymAto8i4 the overall amount of taxes you pay or increase your refund. This means wk7mEso3ij5 evDt5nIi4 ni3¿tEis2 X3NbsmAt5nIq8i4, more money in your pocket! Ì4fxo ra9ø5 wozMzJ5 ckw¬3lt4 É2X‰5 vtt- bsmÔ4 s{?¬8i5 vttbsmZt4 É2X‰Qxq5 wobEIsÔ4 TABLE 1 Ì4yi4 xro3gExo7ui4 wroQxEA8NCI3mz8î4 ®Ns5Iñu8i4 x[ctŒ9lt4 gipc5bD8NCI3mz8î4 É2Xu Nlâ3ymAto8i4 @))%u Ì4yi4 xro3gwAtoxamJ sk3iq5 wk7mEso3ij5 evDt5nIi4 ni3¿tEAtoEis2 2005 Tax Brackets X3NbsmAt5nIq5tA5 kx5yAtq8k5 RRSPi4. v?mgc4f5 GvNbH kNo3Ms2 v?m4fq5 GfÑ4H É2Ñl ®NsI3glx1qi3nsA8NCI3St4 xbsy3u4 WIExr5gxW7u4 Federal (Canada) Provincial (Quebec) €3éymAtos3ymgxDt4; ®Ns5Iñ5ti4 x[ctŒc5blt4, Öà¬gxD5t4 15% - $35,595 wr8iã9lî5 / or less 16% - $28,030 wr8iã9lî5 / or less w¬8ˆA5 Ì4yi4 xro3gwAtt4 wk3nEx3icCI3g5 s{?¬8î5 22% - $35,595 - $71,190 20% - $28,030 - $56,070 sk3yQxElt4 Ì4yi4 xro3gwAt[i5†i4 st3[sAtÌ5†i4. bm8N 26% - $71,190 - $115,739 24% - sk3insgx3Xb / more than grc3g6 ®NsIi4 w2WxJ7uos5pAtt4 xu§i3nsZI3tlQ5¡ $56,070i5 ®Ns5Iñi4 x[ctŒAtcD8Ni6 whx3©oxam7m5 vNbu eu3Dxq5 29% - sk3insgx3Xb / more than I v?mgc4f5 Ì4yi4 WNhxDtoxEym qtA5 x3dtQ5hQ5 Ì4yi4 $115,739i5

mr[4 xro3gwAtoxa§5 sk3iq5. v4fNi ra9oi y4rbsN3tgî5ht4 12 ®NsItA5-yM5gn3i6 Penny-Wise

x9MbsmJ5 bf5nst5yK5, Ì4yi4 xro3gwA†5 sk3iq5 The key to income splitting is that our Canadian tax system is based x5pŒha1qQxq5 g1z[c3ht4 ®Ns5IñEIsJ5 sk3iq8i4, on tax brackets. As you can see in the table below, the higher your income, ®Ns5Iñ5 sk3y?9oxiq5 mo5hQ5 sk3¥?9oxuJ5 Ì4yq8i4 the more tax you'll pay on new income (see Table 1). xrøAtbq5 GbfQx3lQ5 gryt5yAt !ü5g5H. Next we have an example of one couple’s tax liability without any v4fNi ra9oi ß5gCstcMzo3uJA5 xbs¥4 É2XEaÔ4 Ì4ytA5 RRSP contribution. In 2005 Mary’s salary was $75,000 and Adamie’s sal- xroExoq8ªozJi4 Nlâ3ymAto8i4 wk7mEso3ij5 evDt5nIi4 ary was $35,000 (see Table 2). ni3¿tEis2 X3NbsmAt5nIq8i4 gi3Dy3[cc5bq5gk5. @))% Mary’s 2005 maximum RRSP contribution limit is $13,500 and x3ÇAzi uxp ®Ns5IñcMsJ6 R&%,)))i4 €bu ®Ns5Iñc3tlA Adamie’s limit is $6,300. (Recall, we explained in our previous issue of R#%,)))i4 GbfQx3lQ5 gryt5yAt @ü5g5H. Makivik Magazine how to calculate an RRSP contribution limit.) They uxps2 @))%u sk3iXst9lQ5 ni3ëAt[iq5 Nlâ3ymAto8i4 have a combined tax liability of $39,926 for 2005. If they each contrib- wk7mEso3ij5 evDt5nIi4 ni3¿tEis2 X3NbsmAt5nIqtA5 uted $6,000 to their RRSP, it would reduce their income by $12,000. Here’s x3ÇAoµu sk3iÙcD8NS5 R!#,%))i4 ®Ns5Iñq5 bf8NhQ5 x7ml how it would aﬀect their total tax liability (see Table 3). €bus2 sk3iXst9lQ5 ni3ëAtQA8Nbq5 R^,#))at9lQ5

TABLE 2 uxp / Mary €buAdamie / v?mgc4f5 / Federal v?mgc4f5 / Federal Ì4¥DtQQxoq5b ®Ns5Iñq5b sk3iq5 Ì4ytA5 xroExoq5 Ì4¥DtQQxoq5b ®Ns5Iñq5b sk3iq5 Ì4ytA5 xroExoq5 ¶q5 / Tax Rate Income Bracket Tax Liability ¶q5 / Tax Rate Income Bracket Tax Liability 15% 0 - 35,595 5,339 15% 0 - 35,000 5,250

22% 35,595 - 71,190 7,831 26% 71,190 - 75,000 991 vt5ht4 / Total 14,161 vt5ht4 / Total 5,250

kNo3Ms2 v?m4fq5 GfÑ4H / Provincial kNo3Ms2 v?m4fq5 GfÑ4H / Provincial Ì4¥DtQQxoq5b ®Ns5Iñq5b sk3iq5 Ì4ytA5 xroExoq5 Ì4¥DtQQxoq5b ®Ns5Iñq5b sk3iq5 Ì4ytA5 xroExoq5 ¶q5 / Tax Rate Income Bracket Tax Liability ¶q5 / Tax Rate Income Bracket Tax Liability 16% 0 - 28,030 4,485 16% 0 - 28,030 4,485 20% 28,030 - 56,070 5,608 20% 28,030 - 35,000 1,394 24% 56,070 - 75,000 4,543 vt5ht4 / Total 14,636 vt5ht4 / Total 5,879 vt5ht4 v?mgc4fk3g5 28,797 vt5ht4 v?mgc4fk3g5 11,129 fÑ4l v?mzª3g5 / Total fÑ4l v?mzª3g5 / Total Federal and Provincial Federal and Provincial Ì4fx ß5gCstoxamJ5 gryt5yAt9MEgw8NsJ5 ®Ns5Iñ5 sk3iq5 g1z[Q5hQ5 Ì4yi4 xro3gwAtªoz5ht4. Ì4fNil x9Mbscys5Ism1qM5 fÑ4 v?m4f5 ®Ns5IñtA5 kx5yt5yAtQ§q5 wkgcsogi4 ®NsIc3tyAtQ˜3bu8i4, v?mgc4fl wM1qxtEAtQ§q8i4, fÑ4usl eg3zc3g5 w7mcst5nq8ªozJi4 wM1qxtEAbs§5, N7ui3jl Ì4yi4 xro3gwAtsA8N§5 xyui9l ßm5yQxc3iuk5 ®NsIu h3CbsAtQ§q5 bm4fx Ì4ftÅN sc3bsic1qM5. This example strictly illustrates the tax bracket rates on earned income. It does not take into account deductions for Quebec Pension Plan, Canada Pension Plan, Quebec Parental Insurance Plan, personal tax credits, or any dependants.

TABLE 3 TABLE 4

uxp4f4 €bu4f4 xgi5 Nlâ3ymAto8i4 wk7mEso3ij5 ®Nsè5 sk3iø5 R!@,)))i4 w¬8Nq5 uxps2 evDt5nIi4 ni3¿tEis2 X3NbsmAtq8k5 R^,)))i4 ni3¿è[zk3bsJ[is2Xb wàozoCI3g5 niëJ[isAt4 ckwoziEZI3bQ4: If the entire $12,000 is contributed to Mary’s RRSP If Mary and Adamie contributed $6,000 each to their respective RRSP:

Ì4ytA5 xroExoq5 / Tax Liability Ì4ytA5 xroExoq5 / Tax Liability uxp / Mary 25,884 uxp / Mary 23,124 €bu / Adamie 9,029 €bu / Adamie 11,129 magazine bm3u4 Ì4ytA5 xroExoq5 34,913 bm3u4 Ì4ytA5 xroExoq5 34,253 vtt5hQ5 / Combined Tax Liability vtt5hQ5 / Combined Tax Liability MAKIVIK MAKIVIK

13 ®NsItA5-yM5gn3i6 Penny-Wise

®Ns5Iñq5 bf8NhQ5 Gw3csmQ5, gryt5yAtcMsJ7uZ5b yK9oi Combined they would instantly reduce their tax liabilities by $5,013 mr{[f5 eu3Dxq8i ckw¬3lQ5 Nlâ3ymAto8i4 wk7mEso3ij5 (I.e. $39,926 minus $34,913). However, they can save hundreds of dollars evDt5nIi4 ni3¿tEis2 X3NbsmAtq8ªI3bsA8Ng5 more by contributing the entire $12,000 to Mary’s RRSP (see Table 4). sk3iÙEA8Nbq8ªozJi4H vt5hQ5 Ì4fx Remember, any contribution made uxp4f4 €bu4f4 Ì4ytA5 xroC5nb3ym7mî4 by either spouse cannot exceed that indi- @))% x3ÇAzªozJi4 R#(,(@^i4. xgi5 vidual’s personal RRSP contribution limit. ®NsIi4 sk3io8i4 R^,)))i4 Ì4fkz Mary and Adamie would save an addi- Nlâ3ymAto8i4 wk7mEso3ij5 evDt5nIi4 tional $660 (I.e. 34,913 minus 34,253). ni3¿tEis2 X3NbsmAtq8ªI3bc3iDt4, As you can see from the example above, ®Ns5Inui5 Ì4yi4 xroExo7u sk3iq8i4 the greater the diﬀerence between the §3l wroQxEA8NCI3g[is5ht4 R!@,)))k5. spouse’s income, the greater the tax sav- sfxbZ ®Ns5Iñqb Ì4yi4 xrøAtQQxoq5tA5 ing. By contributing the entire amount ckwozo3iEoCI3b[iq5 GbfQx3lQ5 into Mary’s RRSP for the couple’s retire- gryt5yAt #ü5g5H. ment, it actually lowered her income and vtt5yym8iDt4 Ì4ytA5 xroExo7ui4 therefore lowered the amount of taxes wroQxE5nstQZI3g[î4 sk3ik5 she had to pay. Adamie is already in the

R%,)!#k5 Gs5gtQlQ5 R#(,(@^ wM1qlQ5 SAMMY KUDLUK lowest tax bracket so the savings would R#$,(!#i4H. ryxi bm8NsZlx3tlA, not be as great. ®NsI3gq8insAtcD8NCI3uÔ4 R!))aN3tgi4 w¬8Nq8i4 You can also contribute to a “Spousal RRSP”. If you do this you R!@,)))i4 ni3ëJ[isgxDt4 uxps2 Nlâ3ymAto8i4 will get a tax deduction on your personal return. The contribution is wk7mEso3ij5 evDt5nIi4 ni3¿tE[zk5, bflQ5 counted along with any contributions you make to your own RRSP so ckwozisA8Ngi4 gryt5yAtsJ5 GbfQx3lQ5 gryt5yAt again any RRSP contributions cannot exceed your total available con- $ü5g5H. tribution room. The Spousal RRSP — and any contributions made to it w3csmQIs5yxExc3uJ6 m8N wµ4, w¬8Nt4 ni3ëAtsJ5 — are owned and controlled by your spouse. This is part of retirement N9ogw8Nq8k5 É2X‰8k5 çqstA8NqQxq5 ni3ëAtQA8Nbub planning, if you expect you or your spouse to earn more during retire- sk3ii4 çqstQxc1qbq8i4. uxp4f4 €bu4f4 ®NsIi4 ment you can reduce the amount of taxes you have to pay by shifting R^^)i4 sk3io8i4 xy3eq8insZI3©4 Gß5©tQlQ5 some of your household's retirement savings from the spouse with the sfx R#$,(!# wM1qlQ5 R#$,@%#i4H d˜iQxai3n6 higher income and a higher tax rate into the spouse with lower retire- ß5gCstoxamJ5 bflQ5, bf5nsm5 É2X‰aÔ4 ®Ns5Iñq5b ment income and tax rate. sk3iq5 ck9lxtQ4 szy5b‰8iq5 g1z[Q5hQ5 Ì4yi4 xro3gwQxc3iq5 wr8insic§a7mb. Ì4ftÅN Nlâ3ymAto8i4 wk7mEso3ij5 evDt5nIi4 uxps2 ni3¿è[zk5 ryxi ni3ëc5bgx3mî4 uxps2 ®Ns5Iñq5 §3l wk3ni3nsoc5bmb ÖàozogxCu9l Ì4ytA5 xroC5nq5 wroQx3insc5bht4. €buo wr8iÙtA5 Ì4yi4 xro3gwQxc3iüQCu ®NsIi4 xoxN3hi gnC5nyxa5hil h9obsJ6 ni3ëAtc3iz W?9oxl9lxN1qi3nsZI‰3g6. g1z[Q5hQ5 Ì4yIDt[i3ui4 st3bsAt5nui4 Öm5bs6 ni3ë[cD8NEKt5 ‘É2XW5 Nlâ3ymAto8i4 bb3ãAtcMsJ5 @))% sW3znziFsW3¯zi, vNbus5 wk7mEso3ij5 evDt5nIi4 ni3¿è[zk5’. bmguz ^,))@,#%)i4 sk3iø5 ni3ëic3ymJ[isMsJK5 x©t§agxD[5 Ì4ytA5 xroC5nt5 wk3nEx3ymA8NCI3g5 Nlâ3ymAto8i4 wk7mEso3ij5 evDt5nIk5 Ì4yi4 xro3gwAt[it8i4 st3[sQxcogxD[5. Ì4ftÅN @))$ x3ÇAzi. vNbusoµ5 gipAtq5 xf8ic- ni3ëisc5bg5 rybscbs§aK5 wMQIstbs5ht4 xyq8k5 MsJ5 R@,^))i4. GÌ8N xf8isiC3bsJ6 grc3g6 N7uit8k5 Nlâ3ymAto8i4 wk7mEso3ij5 evDt5nIi4 wµ4 gipJ5 et3cq5 sk3iEA8Nbuk5 trst- ni3¿tEAtt8k5 Öµ5ãN6 Öà5gtA5 ni3¿èiso3g5 ymMsJ1qiz8i4 et3cq9l çqstymMsJ5ht4.H ho çqstA8N[cCI1qM5 x3ÇAoµu ni3?D8Nb3W5 Ì4fiz rybmsJi4 W[symJ5: vNbu ry5yº5, sk3iEQxoq8i4. É2Xui4 ni3ëA5pisJ5 Nlâ3ymAto8i4 The Daily/s9lbµ5 gnC5ã5’ wk7mEso3ij5 evDt5nIi4 ni3¿tE[zk5 – xyq9l ni3¿tEisJ5 Ì4fk1zc5bg5 – N7uiEIsK5 É2Xª[5 Fun Fact Ì5hml5bs6 xsMbE?q5. bm8N wkgcso3ij5 trstAi According to income tax returns ﬁled in the spring of WNh5tsA8âM3iu4 X3NDtsJk5 wMQIsJ6, yKi3i iEsQ- 2005, 6,002,350 Canadians contributed to an RRSP in 2004. IcD[5 s{?¬8î5 É2Xis[5 iEsA5pA[5 xu§i3ni4 wkgc- The national median contribution was $2,600. (The median soDi ®NsI3Ìc5bCI3tlA Ì4yi4 xro3gwAtQQxc§t8i4 is the point at which half of contributions were below and wroQxEZI3St5 É2Ñl wkgcsoD5t4 ®NsI3ÌEc5bCI3bt8i4 half above.) kx5yAtt8i4 wroQxE[Q¯3lQ5 N9ogw8Nt4 ®Ns5In3ins2

eu3Dxq5 Source: Statistics Canada, The Daily kxbq5 x7ml sk3insQx3gi4 É2Ñ5 ®Ns5Iñr8in6

mr[4 Ì4¥IDtc3tQx¯3lA. 14 ®NsItA5 W?9odtc3tbsAtq5 kN[7us5 wkgcq5b Pension Beneﬁts for Seniors in Nunavik

xuh5 wkw5 kN[7us5 srsø5 ^%i4 szÌk9l WA8Nstc3S5 b3ebµ5 Most people in Nunavik who are 65 years of age and older are v?mgc4fi5 ®NsItA5 wvJ3yAt5nIq8i4 Wc5bD8Ni3u4. bm4fx entitled to receive monthly payments from government run pen- g1z[c3g5 wª2 WNhZcMs3i[iq8i4 ckwozo3iq8il, w˜8i sion programs. Depending on a person’s employment history and ^)gw8Nix9˜5 srscClxCu4 ®NsI3ÌbD8Nyym§a7uJ5. x7mlQx9M4, situation, it may be possible to start getting pension payments as wkw5 wMq5 WA8NyymA8N§a7uht4 ^)i5 wªh8insZlxCu4, bm8No early as 60 years of age. Moreover, people may be eligible to get a W5JtcCI3g6 wk4 wly3lmE2X5 x7ml tuz W3cI5yxq5gMEso3ifj5 pension even earlier if they have a severe and permanent disabil- WNhZc3cèMeymogx3X5. ity that prevents them from working. wkw5 bm4fN1z5 ®Ns5Ic5bD8N[s§i5 WA8NixgxDt4, It is important for people to remember that, in order to get W9MEsJ6 SwÅm5ÖoQxc3iz5 v?m4fi5 bm4ftÅN wvJ3bsAt5nIi4 any kind of pension beneﬁts, they must make the necessary appli- WZhxDt5nu8i4 bb3ãQxc3iui4. cation with the appropriate government. m3Dwozlx1axmî4 v?mgc4f5 wkgcso3ifuk5 WNhZc3cè3ymo3gi4 ®Ns5Ic5bt5yAtQA8N§q5 sNi ra9oi sc3bsJ5. wkw5 w¬8NtsJ5nsqgw8NuJ6 Ì4fx N9oq8i5 WA8N[c3gnsJ5, ryxi wkw5 WNhZc3ht4 wkgcsoDt4 ®NsI5nu8i4 kx5y?5g[î5 WA8N[cCI3gnsK5 bmq8i5 wkgcso3gk5 ®NsI3ÌEIsA8Nc5b§i5. wkgcso3ifu8k5 ®NsItA5 wvJ3bsA†5 Gwk8k5 sc3bs?9l§5 w5©Atb3bsti4H Ì4fx wkgcso3ifu8k5 ®NsItA5 wvJ3bsA†5 v?mgc4fk5 WNhxDtoxaymK5, Wt5yc5bDts§a5ht4 vNbusi4 srsco3gi4 ^%i4 szÌk9l b3ebµ5 sk3gv9Mi4 xrøAts§a5ht4. @))^ sW3znzi, sk3istbsJ5 Ì4fx wkgcso3gi4 ®NsItA5 wvJ3bsAtb3tyAts§5 b3eoµj5 sk3icc5bMsJ5 R$*$.^#i4. vNbus5 wkw5 x7ml WdItA5 wobEIsJ5 vNbu- saiC3bsht4 WA8N[c3tbsJ5 Ì4fN1z5 wkgcso3ifu8k5 ®NsItA5 wvJ3bsAti5 vNbu kNc3ymJgcsgxDt4 Öm1z5 !*i5 ^% tr5hQ5 srsco3iCui5, WNh5tsym1qvlxDt4 WNh5tsymgxDt9lî5. ryxi Ö4fx vNbs2 yMÌi x3ÇAi xuhi kNym[c1q©c5bg[isJ5 WA8NDtq9l ®NsI3ÌEc5bbqbl sk3iq5 h3Cbsmgw8NExc3g5. cspmI5nyxa7uJ6 m8N wµ4 wkw5 NANCIANNE GREY-GARDINER WNhq8NClx3lt4 srscogxDt4 ^%i4 Ì4fiz wkgcso3ifu8k5 ®NsItA5 wvJ3bsAti4 Wc5bD8N[c3iE§q5. There are basically two types of government run pension plans wkw5 Ì4fN1z5 wkgcso3ifu8k5 ®NsItA5 wvJ3bsAti4 as described below. Most people will probably qualify to receive xro3gbsAt5nui4 WZhxDt5nui4 bb3ãQxc3g5. v?mgc4f5 payments under one of these, but individuals who have made pen- tosEAtc§5 wkw5 b3ei Wz§J3gi srsq5 ^%DMs1qiq8i sion contributions as the result of their employment may be eligible bb3nZ3i4 WIE3ymd5hQ5. wkw5 v?mgc4f5 cEbsItA5 to receive beneﬁts from both types of pensions. gê8Nbs[zi5 WlQ5 bb3nZ3i4 WA8Ng5 s?1z5: Service Canada website at: www.sdc.gc.ca/ (and click on the forms button on the sidebar Old Age Security Pension menu N3îlt4 bb3nZ5nè5 x5paxz8i4 niÇi kwbtsJu4). The Old Age Security Pension is a federal program, which pro- x9MÌ3[tA5 trt5y[sA8Nu5ht4 scomAtQ3çlQ5 sKz sçMlt4 vides most Canadians aged 65 or older with a modest monthly !.*)).@&&.((!$j5. payment. In the spring of 2006, the basic amount paid under the v?mgc4f5 Wbc3tyAtcD8NEK5 xuhv9Mi4 WNhxDti4 Old Age Security Pension was $484.63 per month. WNhZcq8Ngk5 WNhq8Nlt9l wkgcso3ifu8k5 ®NsItA5 Canadian citizens and legal residents are entitled to an Old Age wvJ3bsAti4 xro3gbsAtcq8Nlt9¬DtsA8Ngi4. Ì4fx4 Security Pension if they generally spent most of their years living in magazine wMz5 x5yCstc3g6 ®Ns5Iñ5 n©ttA5 wvJ3yIsAtœu4. Canada between the ages of 18 and 65, regardless of whether or

Ì4fx WNhxDtsJ5 ®Ns5Iñi4 wvJ3ymAts§aK5 wk8i4 not they had a job. However, eligibility and the amounts paid could MAKIVIK 15 xxxxxxxxxx Story title

Ì4fx vt1zJ5 kN[7us5 WNhZ3ui4 k3cy3mo3g5 k3cEx[5gl srsq5 ˆ7myiq8k5 €3ezAt5nui4 sçAtc3g5 à !), @))^-at9lA. BOB MESHER This meeting to discuss strategies for pre-retired and retired Nunavimmiut was held on May 10th, 2006.

wkgcso3ifuk5 ®NsItA5 wvJ3bsAtb3bht4 WNhq8Ngi4 be affected for people who lived outside of Canada for long peri- ®Ns5Iñr5©ht4 s{?¬8î5 xyxA5 ®Ns5IQx9MAt5nc1qgi4. wkw5 ods of time. It is also worth noting that eligible people can start to Ì4fiz ®Ns5Iñ5 n©ttA5 wvJ3yIsAti4 Wtbs?5g5 x3ÇAbµ5 receive Old Age Security Pension payments when their turn 65 even bb3ãc5bExc3g5 Wc5bq8NixgxDt4. Ì4fN1z5 WNhxDtsJi5 if they are still working. Wc5bq8NixDmAt4, x3ÇAbµ5 ®Ns5Iñq5 s{?¬8î5 É2X‰aÔ4 People must make an initial application to receive their Old ®Ns5Iñq4, vt9lt4 bm4fiz WA8NixDt4 sk3isQxo8i4 Age Security Pension payments. The government recommends cqstymQxc1qg5. gryQx4viDmA5y Ì4fkz ®Ns5Iñ5 n©ttA5 that individuals apply six months before they turn 65. People can wvJ3yIsAti5 wozJi4 x7ml gryAmA5y WA8N[Q7mz5yQ4 download the necessary form from the Service Canada website scomA8Ngy sKz !.*)).@&&.((!$j5. at: www.sdc.gc.ca (and click on the forms button on the sidebar xyqtA5bs6 v?mgc4f5 WNhxDtc§aQK5 swAQIs§a7uJi4 menu). It is also possible to have them mailed to you by phoning wkgcso3ifuk5 ®NsItA5 wvJ3bsAtb3Ìa§k5 Ì4fxo 1.800.277.9914. ÖIsAtc§5 ®NsI3ÌtbsAti4. €3ebsm§aK9l Wbc3tyAt5nsht4 The federal government also offers a number of programs W?9odti4 wkgcso3ht4 É2X‰aJ5 ®Ns5Iñr5©ht4 É2Xz that work hand-in-hand with the Old Age Security Pension. One srsq5 ˆ7myCb1qifq8k5 wkgcso3ifuk5 ®NsItA5 of these is the Guaranteed Income Supplement. This program pro- wvJ3bsAtb3Ìa§i4 WA8Ny1qlx3tlA. vides additional payments to individuals Ì4fN1z5 ®NsI3ÌtbsAti4 WA8NixDmJ5 who are receiving the Old Age Security srscExc3g5 ^) - ^$ xf8iq8i É2Xzl wkw5 kNym[c3g5 Pension, but have little or no other income. vttbsctQymIz xi3Cctgczl8î5 x7ml WNhxc5bymJ5 People getting the Guaranteed Income W5b©Qxc3hi wkgcso3ifuk5 ®NsItA5 fÑ4u vmQIsQxc§aK5 Supplement must re-apply for it every year. wvJ3bsAtb3Ìa§i4. Ì4fx vt5ht4 ®Ns5Iñq4 fÑ4f5 wvJ3yAt5nIi4 In order to be eligible for this program, sk3insQxcCI1qg5 sk3isQxc3iC3bsmJi5 WNhxDtqtA5, yearly income of the applicant or, in the x7ml kNymi3ËozJtA5 mo5bsQxc3iC3bsJi4 xyq5 vNbusacbsJ5 case of a couple, the combined income of mo5yxExcCI3ht4. WNhx3bsQxc§at9lQ5 the applicant and spouse or common-law Nsgw8N6 WA8N[c3tbsQ§5 ®NsI3Ìtb- v?mgc4f5 wkgcso3gi4 partner, cannot exceed certain limits. For sAti4 Wc5bq8ND8N[c3S6 W?9odtb3ba§i4 more information about the Guaranteed ®NsItA5 WNhxDtqtA5. É2Xz wªA8âg[isZlx3X5. Ì4fx Income Supplement, and who is eligible to €3ebsm§5 v?mgc4f5 WNhxDtq8k5 x5yCs- x7mlQx9M4 ho, w˜8i5 Ì4fx4 receive benefits under this program, call to8k5 ®NsI3ÌtbsAt5nIq5 É2Xui4 wvJ3yAtsÔ4 ®NsIc3tyAtq4 1.800.277.9914. gdpxc3ymÔ2u4, Ì4fizl WA8NstoxamJ5 vg5÷E5hQ5 WNhx3ymQxc§q5. Another federal program that works in x5pZMgw8NE?q5 moZq5b W?9odtb3Xg5 conjunction with the Old Age Security Pension ®NsI3ÌtbsAti4. is called The Allowance. It is designed to pro- wkw5 Ì4fN1z5 ®NsI3ÌtbsAti4 ®NsI3btbs§5 s{?¬8î5 vide benefits for low-income elderly couples when one spouse or ®NsI3ÌtbsAt5nIq5 É2Xui4 gdpxc3ymJw5 x3ÇAbµ5 common-law-partner is not yet old enough to qualify for the Old bb3ãc5bExc3g5 WA8Nst5nu8i4. gryQx4viDmA5y scomA8Ngy Age Security Pension. In order to be eligible for The Allowance, a sKz !.*)).@&&.((!$j5. person must be between the ages of 60 and 64, and the spouse or cEbsI4f5 gê8N[sA8NuJ5 sKz common-law-partner of someone is actually receiving the Old Age www.rrq.gouv.qc.ca/en/programmes Security Pension. The combined income of the couple cannot exceed certain limits, and there are some residency requirements. fÑ4u wkgcso3gi4 ®NsIc3tyAt5nè5 Someone who qualifies for The Allowance can continue to fÑ4u wkgcso3gi4 wvJ3yAttA5 ®NsIc3tyAt5nè5 receive benefits if their spouse or common-law-partner dies. This xyxA3ut9lQ5 v?m4f5 wq3Ct5yAtQQ?q5 wkgcso3gi4 is done through a federal program called The Allowance for the ®NsIc3tyAt5nIst9lQ5 W?9odtsA8Nht4 kN[7usk5 Survivor, and the eligibility requirements are very similar to what wkgcso3gk5. Ì4fxo fÑ4 v?m4f5 wvJ3yAtq5 is in place for The Allowance. N9odxgw8NZMsJ5 v?mgc4f5 wkgcso3gk5 WNhxDtq8k5. People receiving The Allowance or The Allowance for the Survivor Ì4fx m3Dwa5ht4 WNhxDtoxamÔ4 wq3Ctbsic3XÍ4 must re-apply for them every year. For more information about x5pŒZM5yxi4 WNhx3bsic3ht4 x7ml wvJ3ytŒhaÓ4 these programs, call 1.800.277.9914. wk8i4 W?9odtb5yxt5yZhx3ht4. wkw5 kNym[c3g5 x7ml On the Internet, go to www.rrq.gouv.qc.ca/en/programmes eu3Dxq5 WNhxc5bymJ5 fÑ4u vmQIsQxc§aK5 fÑ4f5 wvJ3yAt5nIi4

mr[4 WNhxDtqtA5, xyq5 vNbusacbsJ5 WNhx3bsQxc§at9lQ5 16 wkgò5 W?9odtÌE§q5 Seniors’ Benefits

v?mgc4f5 wkgcso3gi4 ®NsItA5 WNhxDtqtA5. x7mlQx9M4 The Quebec Pension Plan ho, w˜8i5 Ì4fx4 wvJ3yAtsÔ4 ®NsIc3tyAtq4 vg5÷E5hQ5 The Quebec Pension Plan is the other type of government run WNhx3ymQxc§q5. pension program that can benefit seniors in Nunavik. It is Quebec’s v?mgc4f5 wkgcso3gi4 ®NsItA5 wvJ3yAtQ§q5b equivalent of the Canada Pension Plan. The two programs operate nix8i Ì4fx fÑ4u wkgcso3gi4 wvJ3yAttA5 in a very similar fashion and often work together to ensure peo- ®NsIc3tyAt5nè5 ®NsI3Ì[sA8N§aK5 wk8k5 WNhZc3iu8i ple get their benefits. People who live and worked in Quebec will ®NsIc3tbsAt5nu8i4 kx5yc5bg[i3k5 ryxi. Ì4fiz usually deal with the Quebec Pension Plan, while people in the ®Ns5Ic5bDt5ni4 kx5yA†5 „3bsQvW§aJ5 wª2 ®Ns5Iñq8i4 rest of the country will usually deal with the Canada Pension Plan. wM1qxtEAttA5 wk4 WNhZcgx3m5 x3ÇAoµu ®Ns5In3hi Moreover, there are some situations where pension income can €3ebsmJk5 ˆ7mˆc5bgi4. scsys2 xyxA5 sc3bsZIDi wµ4 be split between the two plans. grcCI3g6, wkw5 x3ÇAi xuhi WNhZcsZ3Xg5 fÑ4usa5ht4 Unlike the Old Age Security Pension, the Quebec Pension Plan GWNh5tsht4 WNhZdbsJi, tusJi, v?m4fl WNhZc3ty[q8i, applies only to those individuals who have contributed to the xyq8ilH kx5yymgw8NExc3g5 ˆ7mgi4 czgw8N6 WNh5ht4 plan while employed. Contributions to the Plan are usually made x7ml bZbZsJ6 WA8Ngw8NExc3gns5ht4 W?9odt5nIi4 automatically through payroll deductions for people holding a Wt5yAts?5gi4 fÑ4u wkgcso3gi4 wvJ3yAttA5 job and earning more than a specified amount in a year. In other ®NsIc3tyAt5ntA5 WNhZc3tsi3u4 wkgcso3ifuk5 s{?¬8î5 words, most people who have held a regular job in Quebec for ^%i4 srsco3ifuk5 WA8NyliQ5. extended periods of time (working for a business, organization, wMqtA5 xu§i3nsA8Nyx3uJ5 fÑ4 v?m4fi5 wkgcso3ij5 government agency, etc) probably made sufficient contributions ®NsI3ÌbaJ5 Ö4fx v?mgc4f5 wkgcso3ifu8k5 ®NsItA5 at some time or another, and are probably entitled to receive some wvJ3bsA†b3tyAtQ§q5b nix8i. ryxi bm8NsZlx3tlA, benefits under the Quebec Pension Plan when they retire or reach Ì4fx xro3gwAbsiq5 grb3bsmQxc§5 g1z[Q5hQ5 x3ÇAw5 65 years of age. WNh5ts[symJ5 sk3iq5 x7ml wª2 WNh5tsq8ˆhi It is possible to get significantly larger monthly payments Ì4fk1zozJ5ni4 kx5yt5yAt[iq5. bZbZst9lAo, b3ebµ5 under the Quebec Pension Plan than with the Old Age Security ®Ns5It5yAts§5 sk3iq5 x5pŒ§a1qmb Pension. However, these payments will be sk3ii5 R#(&i5 WQx3ht4 trstA8N§a7mb People who live and worked in determined by the number of years and sk3ik5 R!.)#!k5. dM3Nq5yxS3l, rNgw8N6 the amount an individual has contributed Quebec will usually deal with the WNhZcc5bymJ6 Öm1zl ®Ns5IExbµ5 to the plan. At the moment, monthly pay- ni3¿èc5bymJ6 WNhZc3iui sk3ini4 Quebec Pension Plan, while people ments vary from $397 to $1,031. Obviously, ®NsI3Ìc5b˜Exz xro3gbsAtQliQ5 in the rest of the country will usually someone who has been employed and fÑ4 v?m4fi5 wkgcso3ij5 deal with the Canada Pension Plan. made regular contributions during most ®NsI3Ìt5yAt5nIq8i5, Moreover, there are some situations of their working years will be entitled Ì4fx, fÑ4 v?m4fi5 wkgcso3ij5 where pension income can be split to larger payments under the Quebec ®NsI3Ìt5yAts§5 €3ebsymK5 Wbc3tyA- between the two plans. Pension Plan. t5nsht4 wk4 ^%i4 srs3Ìngx3X5 W?9odt- For the most part, the Quebec Pension b3bDtQZI3bq8i4. ryxio rNgw8N6 Plan is designed to start providing benefits WNh5tsi3u4 srsq5 ˆ7my9lgMs3tNQ5 k3csp5nX5, to people when they reach 65 years of age. But if someone retires ®Ns5Iñr5©Mzlil s{?¬8î5 WNh5tsJ[isifuk5 ®Ns5InD- early, and is receiving little or no employment income, it may be t5nc1qlt4, Öà5gü5g5 ®NsI3ÌbDt5nu8i4 bb3ãAtc3gnsK5 possible for that person to apply to start receiving pension benefits ®NsIi4 ^)i4 srs3ÌgxDt4 Wc5bD8NyZhxylt4. wkw5 at the age of 60. People who do this will received pension payments ÖàozJi4 €3ehwymJ5 ®Ns5Iñc3tbs§aK5 wkgcso3gk5 over a longer period of time, but the actual payments could be up X3NymAtsJi5 ryxi Clx3ht4 Ö4fx ®NsI3ÌtbsAtQc5bbq5 to 30 percent smaller than if they waited until they turned 65 years #)¶lgxl8k5 wr8insc5bCI3g5 ^%i4 srs3Ìy8iDt4 of age. Once someone opts for early pension benefits, the reduced ®Ns5Ic5bCI5b[iq8i5. wk4 wr8insZlxis8î5 Wc5byg- payments are permanent. They will not go up when a person turns w8Ng[isJ6 Öm1z5 wr8insygw8Ng[isZu4 wr8insq8Ngi4 65. It is therefore important for people to consider what is in their Wc5bgw8Ny§aK6. Ì4fx ®NsI3ÌtbsAtQ?5bq5 ^%i4 best interest before making any decision on whether or not to srs3ÌClx3Xb sk3yQx3bsQx9M[c˜3tNQ5. Öà7m5 bm8N apply for early benefits under the Quebec Pension Plan. W5JtQ5hA wk4 whm5nysDtc3cyx9MEc5bg5nsK6 Ì4fiz If someone who is entitled to receive benefits from the Quebec fÑ4 v?m4fi5 wkgcso3ij5 ®NsI3Ìt5yAtQ§q8i4 czso3X5 Pension Plan dies, then the spouse or the “de facto spouse” (com- Wc5byZI3iuªozJi4 WZhx1qÜ8NDmAil ^%i4 srs3bq8iui mon-law partner) can apply to receive some or all of that person’s whmu5yxu5hi. benefits. This is called the Surviving Spouse's Pension. It can apply rNgw8N6 Ì4fN1z5 W?9odtb3tyAtQ§q8i4 WA8N[c3hi to people who are well under 60 years of age, but the level of the wªJ8ân3iX5 É2Xz s{?¬8î5 vttbsmctQMs3ymNA monthly payments is determined by a number of factors. GÉ2XzH WZhxD8N[c5yx3tbsJ6 É2X[i3u kxb[iq8i4. The Quebec Pension Plan also has provisions for making a magazine Ì4fx x5yCstv3tbs?5g5 wµ4 É2Xui4 gdpymÔ2 ®NsItA5 lump-sum payment of $2,500 to help cover the funeral expenses

wvJ3bsAtq5. Ì4fxo wk8k5 É2ÑymJk5 WIsA8Ny§5 gdpJ[i6 of someone who has died and was entitled to receive beneﬁts MAKIVIK 17 wkgò5 W?9odtÌE§q5 Seniors’ Benefits

^)i4 srs3Ìym9lf1qvlx3m5, ryxi Ì4fiz Wt5yAts§5 sk3iq5 under the Quebec Pension Plan. This is called the Death g1z[c§a7uJ5 €3ebsymAtc3tyAtq8i4. Benefit, and it can be paid to family members who cov- Ì4fx fÑ4 v?m4fi5 wkgcso3ij5 ®NsI3Ìt5yAts§5 ered the funeral expenses. Wbc3tyAtbq5 wMc§a7uJ5 wlw4vsˆ3gi4 The Quebec Pension Plan xrøA8Nst5ni4 sk3ii4 R@,%))i4 wvJ3yAtsZI3gi4 also makes payments to a wr8insZlxis8î5 wl[3yi3ËozJk5 xrk5 wl[3bsQxco3iX5 wk4 person who is taking care of WNh5tshi ®Ns5IñuA5 kx5yymJ6 WA8NCI3g[isli Wc5bygw8Ng[isJ6 Öm1z5 an orphan of someone who fÑ4 v?m4fi5 wkgcso3ij5 ®NsI3Ìt5yAts§i5. wr8insygw8Ng[isZu4 has died and was entitled to Ì4fxo x5yCstc3tbsJ5 gdzJ5 W?9odt5nIq8i4, wr8insq8Ngi4 receive benefits under the xrøAtsA8Ngi4 gdJ[is2 wMq8i4 wl[3bsizk5 Wc5bgw8Ny§aK6. Ì4fx plan. This is called the Orphan's ®NsI3gDtc3g[isgx3Xb. ®NsI3ÌtbsAtQ?5bq5 Pension, and it is a monthly Ì4fxbs6 fÑ4 v?m4fi5 wkgcso3ij5 ^%i4 srs3ÌClx3Xb payment of $63.65 per child. ®NsI3Ìt5yAts§4f5 ®Ns5It5yc5b§aQK5 wk8i4 sk3yQx3bsQx9M[c˜3tNQ5. The orphan's pension ends wox3JxW8i4 vmJi4 wk4 wox3JD3X5 xzJ3co[isli Öà7m5 bm8N W5JtQ5hA when the child turns 18 years ®NsIc3tbsAt5nui4 kx5yc5bg[i3u4. Ì4fx wk4 whm5nysDtc3cyx9M of age. x5yCstc3tbsJ5 wox3Jw5 ®NsIc3tbsAtq8i4, It is important for peo- Ec5bg5nsK6 Ì4fiz fÑ4 b3ebµ9l xro3gwAts§aK5 R^#.^%i4 sk3io8i4. ple to realize that they must Ì4fx wox3Ji4 wvJ3yAt5nè5 xro3gwAtsA8â§5 v?m4fi5 wkgcso3ij5 make the necessary applica- wox3JiC3bsJ6 !*i4 srs3Ìgx3m5. ®NsI3Ìt5yAtQ§q8i4 tion to get any type of benefit m8N W9MEsJ6 wkw5 cspm5yxMEQxc3iz5 czso3X5 from the Quebec Pension Plan. w7ui4 ryxi WZhxDt5nui4 x9MymJ1awAtc3cDt4 Wc5byZI3iuªozJi4 The Quebec government ®NsIi4 xro3gbsJtÌD8NExu8i4 Ì4fN1z5 fÑ4 WZhx1qÜ8NDmAil ^%i4 recommends that people v?m4f5 wkgcso3ij5 ®NsIc3ty[5nIz8i5. srs3bq8iui whmu5yxu5hi. apply at least three months fÑ9l v?mz tosEAtc3S6 b3ei Wzhi in advance of the date when ®NsIc3tbsAtsA8Ngi4 WA8NyicõExu4 they will become eligible for iEs8icoDt4 wkw5 bb3ãc5bd5hQ5 WZhxDt5nu8i4. bb3ná5 benefits. It is possible to download the necessary forms WIsJ8Nyx3g5 v?msÔ2 cEbsI4f5 gê8NsbsA8N[zi5 s{?¬8ix˜5 or even apply online on the government web site at cEbsI4f5 gê8Nbst xg3lA bb3ãlt4 s?i cEbsI4f5 gê8N[c3[u www.rrq.gouv.qc.ca/en/programmes/regime_rentes www.rrq.gouv.qc.ca/en/programmes/regime_rentes Forms can also be picked up at the offices of yf5nIs5ht4 bb3nZ5nè5 WIsJ8NuJ5 fÑ4 v?m4f5 WA5p[q8i5. Services Quebec. For general information anyone can w¬8âkozJi4 gryQx4viDmJ5 scomA8Nyx3uJ5 sKz !.*)).$^#.%!*% also call 1.800.463.5185 about the Quebec Pension W5Jtc3lt4 fÑ4 v?m4fi5 wkgcso3ij5 ®NsI3Ìt5yAtc3[s2 Plan. wvJ3yAtQA8Nbq8ªozJi4. Other pensions and retirement income xyqtA5 wkgcso3ij9l srsq9l ˆ7myifq8k5 WNhZc3XA8âgw5 The information provided in this article only applies ®NsIc3tbsAt5nIq5. to government run pension plans and programs. Some Ì4fNi eu3Dxi Ì4fx gn3tyAtsJ5 wozigxc3S5 companies, organizations, and v?msJ5 wq3Ct5yAtQ§q8k5 ®NsIc3tyAtsA8Ngi4 x7ml different types of government WNhx3bsAt5nIq8i4. WNhZc3[sJ5 wMq5 tusJ9l Once someone opts for early pension bodies set up private pen- xyq9l v?m4fk5 tudbsJ5 WA5p[q5 w7uÅ3gi4 benefits, the reduced payments are sion plans, or make payments wkgcso3gk5 ®Ns5Iña˜3gªozJi4 X3NymAtc§aK5, permanent. They will not go up when to the Registered Retirement s{?¬8î5 xro3gwt5yAtc§a5ht4 sfkz xro3gwt5hQ5 a person turns 65. It is therefore Saving Plans, for the bene- Nlâ3bsmJi4 WNhZc3tsi3u4 srsq5 ˆ7myifq8k5 important for people to consider fit of their employees. Some k3cymo3g5 kx5yAt5nq8i4 X3NymAtc3tyi3k5, what is in their best interest before do not. Where such plans do W?9odt5nst9lQ5 WNh5tQIuk5. wMq5 tusJ5 Ì4ftÅN exist, the rules and regulations making any decision on whether or kx5yt5yi3u4 Wbc3ty§a1qg5. Öà5gi4 kx5yt5yAtc3iu4 for accessing money can vary WNh5tyJ5 Wbc3tyAtq5b moZq5 x5pŒ1qmE§a7uJ5 not to apply for early benefits under considerably. x5pŒ1qgÙl7uht9l ®NsIi4 WZhx3[sA8Niq5. the Quebec Pension Plan. These private plans are Ì4fx w7uÅ3ht4 v?m4fk5 xsMbsZt4 WZhxDtsA8Ng5 not available to the general Nsgw8Nk5 WIsgw8ND8Nq5gw5, ryxu bm8NsZlx3tlA, public. However, people who wkw5 srsq5 WNh5tsA8âD8N[Qõ3buk5 trIC5yo3g5 WNhc5bymgxDt4 are approaching retirement age and worked with a b4vi5ãN6 WNhZc3[dbsJu tusJul8î5 cspQxCIDmZI3gnsK6 company or organization for a long period may want WA8N[cMz7mz3u W?9odti4 Nrgw8N6 N7uiEIsJtA5 kx5y[7u5 s{?¬8î5 to enquire to see if they are eligible to benefit from any eu3Dxq5 srsq5 ˆ7myifq8k5 WNh5tsA8âymo3g5 ®NsIc3tbs[5nIq8i5. private pension or retirement funds. mr[4

18 xxxxxxxxxx Story title BOB MESHER

WNhxDt5noxaymJ5 x7ml Ì4ytA5 xro3gwq5©t5yAtsA8Ng5 wk8i4 tuuA5 wly3¬to8i4 Programs and Tax Breaks for People with Disabilities

vNbs2 v?mz v?mgc4f5 mipymAtc3S5 xuhwi4 WA5pAtQA8Nbui4, The Government of Canada offers a number of WNhxDt5noxEmIui9l x7ml Ì4ytA5 xro3gwq5©- services, programs, and tax breaks for people with t5yAtQA8Nbu8i4 wk8i4 tuuA5 wly3¬to8i4. ß5©tQlA, disabilities. For example, many people with mobil- wkw5 xuh5 ckgw8N6 tuq5 xsMcI5yxq5g5 xgD8NCt9l ity impairment who cannot use public transportation wk8i4 wq3Cstc3tyAtsJi4 s3hxl5yx[i3u4 xr[iq5b can apply for a refund of part of the federal excise tax wMq8k5 st3[sAt5nu8i4 Wlx3gu WA5Isi3ËozJ5 on the gasoline they purchase. For more information Ì4yq8i4 xrøAt[i3uk5. bmgj1z v?mgc4f5 WA5Isi3j5 about the Federal Excise Gasoline Tax Refund Program, Ì4yI3tyAtq8ªozJi4 woz5ht4 s3hxl5yA†5 Ì4yq8i4 call 1.800.959.5525. BERTHA ADAMS X2 xrøAt[î5 st3tbsAt5nq8i4 WNhxDtoxamJªozJi4 People who temporarily cannot work because gryQx4viDmJ5, scomA8NS5 sKz !.*)).(%(.%%@%j5. of an illness or injury, and Nsgw8â5 wkw5 WNhZ3ui4 vJy3cèMeymJ5 WIs5ht4 €8ixj5 can supply a medical cer- x3dN4Zsj9lî5 €8ixys3tmE7u5 x9MdtÌ3lt4, WA8N[c3tbsQK5 tiﬁcate, may be eligible for WNhZ3ui5 w7mcstcDtui4 €8ixËozJi4 W?9odt5nIi4. wkw5bs6 the Employment Insurance wMui4 vmQxcMeymJ5 €8ixifzk5 s{?¬8î5 wly3lifzk5 s{?¬8î5 Sickness Beneﬁt. Individuals gdMestsA8Ngu4 €8ixc3ifq8k5, WA8N[c3tbsgw8NExcEK5 WNhZ3ui5 who are looking after a fam- w7mcstcDtui4 wM5JAh8ifuk5 vmQIc3iuk5 W?9odt5nIi4. ily member with a disability magazine gryQx4viDmJ5 Ì4fx W?9odt5nIsiC3bsJ5 W5JtQlQ5 scomA8Ng5 or a serious illness who is at risk of dying, may qual-

sKz !.*)).^@@.^@#@j5. ify for the Employment Insurance Compassionate Care MAKIVIK 19 wly3¬tø5 nS7uIsAtq5

tuuA5 wly3¬to8k5 Ì4yi4 xro3gwq5©t5yA†5 Benefit. For more information about such ben- wk3nExEAtsA8N§aK5 ®Ns5Iñ5 Ì4¥I3bsAtq8i4. wkw5 efits, call 1.800.622.6232 Ì4fiz Ì4ytA5 xro3gwlxE4fti4 xgD8NqgxDt4 W5Jtc3lt4 The Disability Tax Credit reduces the ®Ns5Iñc1qi3ui4 s{?¬8î5 ®Ns5Iñrlx3ifu8i4, Ì4fiz income taxes that have to be paid by people xro3gwlxE4ftui4 wlw5©t9lQ9lî5 wä8Nq8il8î5 with disabilities. If these people can’t use all BERTHA ADAMS X2 ª5yA8Ng5 xg3bst¯ylQ5 É2Xuk5 vttbsmctuk5, É2Xuk5 of the tax credit because they have little or vttbsctQym1qbuk5, s{?¬8î5 xyxk5 ßmtbsQxc3iuA5 no income, they may be able to transfer all or wvJ3tQ?5buk5. bm4fx Ì4yi4 xro3gwlxE4ftc3tyAtsJ5 ®NsIi4 part of the credit to their spouse, common-law part- xg9lxE4ftsJ5 wMzix9˜5 Ì4¥Dt[isJ5 st3tbsA8N§aJ5. ner, or other supporting person. Tax credits can result Ì4fiz W?9odtÌDmJ5 bb3ãQxc3g5 tuuA5 wly3¬to8k5 Ì4yi4 in tax saving, and maybe even a tax refund. To get the xro3gwq5©t5yA†5 bb3nbsAt5nIz8i4 Gbb3nZ6 T2201o4H xs9Mt9lAl credit, people have to complete a Disability Tax Credit vNbs2 v?mzb v?mgc4f5 ®NsIoE[z8k5. scomlt9lî5 sKz Certificate (Form T2201) and return it to the Canada !.*)).#*&.!!(#j5 gryQxv4iDm8iDt4 W5Jtc3lt4 vNbu eg3zc3g5 Revenue Agency. Phone 1.800.387.1193 for enquir- Ì4ytA5 W?9odtc3tbsAtq8i4. ies about Canada Child Tax eg3zsJ5 srsq5 !*j5 trstCb1qg5 Wc5b- Benefit. D8Nstc3ht4 tuuA5 wly3¬to8k5 Ì4yi4 Children under 18 who xro3gwq5©tbsAti4 WA8N[cgw8NExcEK5 w¬8âk5 tuuA5 wly3¬to8k5 qualify for the Disability Tax eg3zc3g5 Ì4ytA5 W?9odtc3tbsAtq8i4 b3ebµ5 mo5bsJ5nsJ6 sN, is[3ix[7u Credit may also be eligi- R!^^.^î4 xro3bsAts§i4. Ì4fx W?9od†5 xrøAtu x9MbsAtq8i4 ble for the Child Disability Ì4yc1qg5, €3ebsym5ht9l wvJ3yAt5nsht4 Wsox3yc5bi6. Öàc5bgxDt4 Benefit, which is worth wMŒi4 ®Ns5Iñr5gi4 x7ml ®Ns5Iñq5 urlxCt4 xgw8Nc5yxX8ixmb $166.66 a month. This sk3gmEs1qgi4 ®Ns5Iño8i4 wMŒi4 vmQxc3Xgi4 st3[sAt5nu8i4 benefit is tax free, and is eg3zsJu4 wly3ltc7mE5gu4 s{?¬8î5 whmu x9MQxcogxDt4 wozt9lQ5 designed to help low and ckw1qyxExc3izA5 wly3lto7u4. Ì4fiz wly3¬tuªozJi4 modest-income families WZhxDmJ5, xtos3[sQymlQ5 bb3ãQxc3S5 tuuA5 wk3nEx3bst5yAtcChxoDt4 who care for a child with a wly3¬to8k5 Ì4yi4 xro3gwq5©t5yA†5 x7ml severe and prolonged men- Ì4yi4 xro3gwN6 N9osto3uX5. vNbu eg3zc3g5 Ì4ytA5 W?9odtc3tbsAtq8i tal or physical impairment. bb3nZs5ht4 ry5Jto8i4 G RC66u4H. scom[QA8NuIt5 As a general rule, it is a good idea for To apply, people need a I signed Disability Tax Credit vNbs2 v?mzb v?mgc4f5 ®Ns oE[q5 sKz people with disabilities to save all scomlt5 !.*)).#*&.!!(#j5 Ì4fiz W?9odt5nIi4 Certificate and the Canada xW3hDtcDmgxD[5. receipts for any expenses related to Child Tax Benefit applica- wkw5 wly3lg5 Ì4yi4 xro3gwAtQQxoq5 disability. That way they will have what tion form (RC66). Call the wk3nEx3bsmA8NS5 €8ixystk9l €8ixc3iuk9l they need to determine what they Canada Revenue Agency at ®NsI3gDt[i3ui4 wozgx3Xb wly3¬tu8k5. Ö4fxbs6 can claim to reduce their taxes when 1.800.387.1193 for enquir- wkw5 wk8i4 wly3lto8i4 ßm5yQxc3Xg5, s5gtQlQ5 completing their income the return. ies about this benefit. É2Xø5, vttbsctQMs3ymNQ5 É2Xø5 s{?¬8î5 People with disabili- xyq8i4 wM9lgø5 Ì4fN1z5 ®NsI3gDtQymIuk5 ties can often reduce their xro3bsAt5nu8i4 WZhxDtcD8NuJ5. st3[sAtsA8Ngk5 taxes by claiming medi- sfx ß5gCsbsJ5 wly3l©ifj5 whxdt5ni4 is[Dts5ht4 xrøAt[î5 cal expenses associated with their disability. It may wMq5 wozA8Ng5 kN4fÔj5 wrAtos3bsi[i3k5, wly3l©2 wvJ3tzb also be possible for supporting persons such as a ®NsI3gDt[iq5 x7ml xi3Cui4 whx3ytEi3j5 nNQxDt[î5 xrqk5. spouse, common-law partner or other family mem- x7mlQx9M4 ho wMzi4 WA8N[c§a7uJ5 wkw5 tuuA5 wly3ltc3g5 ber to claim such expenses. Examples of allowable ®NsIk5 st3[sZhxDtQA8NhiQ5, k5tExc3ij5 xro3gwQxc3iDi medical expenses include payment for certain assis- st3bsJ8NCI3g6 ®NsIk5 trstA8Ngk5 R@,)))k5. tive devices, some of the cost of adapting a new van d˜i sc3bsJk5 wMs7uJ5, wkw5 tuuA5 wly3¬tc3g5, for wheelchair use, costs of an attendant who cares WtbsAtcD8Niq5 st3tbsA8Ngi4 €8ixys3bsi3j5 xro3gwAti4, for a person with a disability, and certain home reno- ®Ns5Iñr5©gxDt4 €8ixys3bsAtq5b xrq5 sk3©c5bt9lQ5. vating costs that allow for better access and mobility. WNhxDt5noxamJ5 tuuA5 wly3¬to8k5 nS5pymAts5ht4 Moreover, it is sometimes possible for people wM1qxtEA†5 xyxA3uht4 xg3bsA8NuJ5 wk8k5 ®NsIi4 with disabilities to claim, as a medical expense, xg3b[i3ui4 st3tyNhxDtslt4 Ì4fxo wozJ5 wk8k5 moving expenses of up to $2,000. wo8ixDtuªozJi9lî5 WNhZ3uªozJi9lî5 vJyt5yAttQxc3hQ5 In addition to the above, people with disa- wly3lifuk5 ®NsI3gDtQc5bymIq8k5. s5©tQlA, bm4fx bilities may be eligible for the Refundable Medical ®NsI3gDbsmJ5 wMcD8Ng5 gñ1qg5 gñpc3tbsAtu8k5 Expense Supplement if they have a low income eu3Dxq5 xro3gExc§q8i4, x9Mstxlc3tbsAtk5 s{?¬8î5 and high medical expenses.

mr[4 cEbsID8Nstsix3gu4 wvJ3yAtc3ik5, Ì4fã8â5 m3D[9lt4 20 Support for the Disabled

xro3bsAtsA8Nq4vlx3tlQ5 Ì4fx sc3bsJ5 xro3gxnIs1qvlx3tlQ5 The Disability Supports Deduction is another way Ì4fã8â5 m3D[9lt4 xro3bsAtsA8Nq9M5. bb3nZ6 tuuA5 wly3¬to8k5 that people may be able to claim certain expenses that nS5pymAts5ht4 wM1qxtEA5nI ry5Jtc3hi T929u4 Ì4fiz enable them to go to work or school. For example, such ®NsI3gDt[i3i4 st3bsAt5nI bb3nExo4. expenses include sign-language interpretation, tele- w¬8âk5 tuuA5 wly3¬to8k5 mo5bsJ5nsJ6 sN, is[3ix[7u typewriters, or certain assistive devices for computers. xrøAtu x9MbsAtq8i4 Wsox3yc5bi6. Öàc5bgxDt4 xgw8Nc5yxX8ixmb This is over and above what can be claimed as a medical st3[sAt5nu8i4 x9MQxcogxDt4 wozt9lQ5 wly3¬tuªozJi4 expense, although a cost cannot be deducted twice. It wk3nEx3bst5yAtcChxoDt4 Ì4yi4 xro3gwN6 N9osto3uX5. wkw5 is necessary to complete Form T929 to claim expenses scomA8Ng5 sKz !.*)).(%(.*@*!.j5 gryQx4viDtcDmAt4 wª2 under the Disability Supports Deduction. Ì4yi4 xro3gwAtc§aiq8ªozJi4. As a general rule, it is a good idea for people with W9MExl7uJ6 wk8k5 tuuA5 wly3¬to8k5 grymQxc3iq5 Ö4fx disabilities to save all receipts for any expenses related xuh5 is[xE§q5 s{?¬8î5 WA5IsAtQ§q5 xrc1q©A8Nu7mb ^¶u4 to disability. That way they will have what they need to xrøt5yAtbE§uA5 tuuA5 wly3lgj5 xg3bsgxDt4. GJä ! yKizA5 determine what they can claim to reduce their taxes Ì4fx WA5IsAtk5 Ì4¥5 xrq5 &¶ac5bMs3©Zlx5. bm4fx when completing their income the return. WA5IsAttA5 whxdtªozJi4 Ì4yt5yî5 tuuA5 wly3¬to8k5 People can call 1.800.959.2221 to order any xro3bsq5©[c3g5 sfxaK5 wly3¬tuªozJi4 whxdti4 specialized tax forms. For general enquir- is[Exc3Xb x7ml ka5bgi4 xgw8Ncq8NDtQQxoq5 ies about personal income tax returns, call s5©tQlQ5 w5y?sbi4 x5nlxo8i4Fxnlxo8i4, WhA8Nsti4, 1.800.959.8281. gñAti4, w7ui4 im3cI1qgi4 r{ëAti4 x7ml x8kÇ5 wª2 It is also important for people with dis- ckw8izk5 ˆ7mˆ3ym5ht4 x8kÇoxamJk5. wMzix9˜5 abilities to realize many items and services xro1q©A8NEK5 WA5IsAtk5 Ì4¥5 xrq8i4 wozJi4 used by them are exempt form the six per- W1axi3ªozJi4 WNhxDtk5 s{?¬8î5 tuuA5 wly3¬tc3g5 cent GST tax. (Previous to July 1st, the GST was seven xdwm[oxDtq5b xrq5b Ì4yq8i4 xrø1q©lt4. !.*)).(%(.%%@% percent.) These include medical devices and supplies scom[5nsJ6 gryQx4viDmJk5 W5Jtc3lt4 WA5Isi3j5 Ì4yi4 such as wheelchairs, walkers, hearing aids, patient lifters xro3gwt5yAts§i4. and specially designed clothing. It is even possible to vNbu w9lyAti4 ®NsIi4 x5bgxc3tyº9l x7ml w9lc3tyi3j5 avoid paying the GST on certain recreational programs tudbsJ6 GCMHC-f5H WNhxDtoxEymIq5 miyymAtQQ?q5 wvJ3yAt5ni4 or camps for people with disabilities. 1.800.959.5525 wk8i4 tuuA5 wly3¬to8i4. bm4fx wvJ3yAtsA8Ng5 wMc3g5 xi3CsJi4 is the number to call for more whx3yQxEi3j5 wvJ3yAt5nsht4 WNhxDti4 ®NsItA5 wvJ3yAtsA8N§i4 information about the GST. bm4fk1zozJi4 WA8Nstcgx3mb xi3Cc3g5 x7ml w9ldtui4 Canada Mortgage and x5bgxat5yi3u4 WNhxZc3g5 w9ldtu8i4 tuuA5 wly3¬to8k5 Housing Corporation (GCMHC) ®Ns5Iñr5ght9¬gk5 xi3CEIsA8NgosCI3tlQ5. x7ml5bs6, Ö4fx offers programs to help people xi3Cui4 whx3yQxEAti4 WNhxDtoxamJ5 woz5ht4 wkgcso3g5 with disabilities. These include w7uieA8Nq8Ni3ui xi3Ccq8NtbsA8Nstq8i4 WNhxDtsJ5 the Residential Rehabilitation BERTHA ADAMS X3 wvJ3yAts§aQK5 w9ldtc3gi4 x7ml w9ldtu8i4 x5bgxat5yi3u4 Assistance Program, which WNhxZc3g5 xrøAtcExcogx3mb w9ldtu8i4 whx3ytEi[i3uk5 bm4fx financially helps eligible homeowners and landlords €3eQxEAt[iq5 wvJ3yAt[isgx3Xb ®Ns5Iñr5©ht4 wkgcso3gi4 make their dwellings accessible to low-income people x7ml tuuA5 wly3lto8i4 xfisi3n6 w9lo©Ü8ND8NtbsAtq5tA5. with disabilities. Also, the Home Adaptations for Seniors' Ì4fx WNhxDbsJ5 W5JtQlQ5 gryQx4viDm8iD[5 scomA8Ngt5 sKz Independence Program helps homeowners and landlords CMHCf8k5 !.*)).^^*.@^$@j5 scomlt5. pay for adaptations that will help low-income seniors cspmI5nyxa7uJ5 Ö4fx tuuA5 wly3¬tc3g5 with disabilities stay longer in their homes. To find WytsostAtQ5hQ5 W1axi3u4 WZhx3bc3Xg5 ®NsItA5 out more about these programs, contact CMHC at wvJ3ymIsAtc§a7uQxq5 x3dtc3ht4 W1ax†5 1.800.668.2642 wvJ3bsAtnIq8i4 WNhxDtk5. Ì4ftÅN nS5IsmAtsA8Ng5 It is worth noting that Paralympics athletes can wMc3g5 b3ebµ5 wªZhx3ij9l WQs3nsti9l WZhx3ij5 get financial help through the Athlete Assistance ®NsIc3tbsAts§5, x7ml nS5pymAtsA8Nht4, S3gi3nu4 Program. Support may include a monthly living wo8ix‰3ymJ5 S3gi3nQx9Mu4 wo8ixo3Xb wo8ixtbsAtu and training allowance, and support for post-sec- xro3gExc3iq8i4 xro3gwAtq8k5. bm4fk1zozJi4 ondary school tuition. For more information about gryQx4viDmJ5 scomA8Ng5 sKz !.*^^.*!!.))%%j5. this, call 1.866.811.0055. x7mlQx9Mbs6 ho, Nf3mb xuh1aX9oxgw8Niq5 wkw5 xi3Cu8i Furthermore, thanks to the increasing number Inuit cEbsItA5 gê8Nbstk5 x7mstA8N§D3Xoxiq5, bm4fx WNhxDbsJ5 households attaining access to the Internet, a great gnsmIsi3nsc5bX8ixo3uJ5, WA5pAtsA8Ng9l cspIsi3nsc5bixo3ht4 deal of information about programs, services, and tax x7ml tuuA5 wly3¬t8k5 Ì4yi4 xro3gwq5©AbsA8Ngw5 breaks for people with disabilities that are offered by magazine cspIs?9oxgw8NcbMzo3uht4 Wbc3tbsJ5 v?mgc4fk5 bfIsc5bixoEK5 the Government of Canada can be found at the follow-

s?i cEbsItA5 gê8N[c3[u: www.pwd-online.ca ing web site: www.pwd-online.ca MAKIVIK 21 WdIoEi3u4 cspQx9MD†5 Legal Tips

x9Mb[iq5 ÷nM8 ÙEx5, WdIoEps2 By Jocelyn Barrett, Lawyer

s[4vsht4 Wi3lymJw5 Young Oﬀenders

rNrx6 kv3y6 !$-i4 srsc3hi. cspm5hi Kinakia Jr. is 14 years old. Knowing that his neigh- yM3ctq5 WNhxDys2 k1axi xs9˜ymiq8i4, bours were away camping for the weekend, he broke WNhxDys2 k1axi, w9lq8k5 wÌyJ[i6. into their house. He smashed a window, made a mess wZ˜q8i4 yd5tE5hi, w9¬l wlxi5gi4 w3XtE5hi and stole whatever cash he could find. The next day, t9ohil ®NsIi4 bfA8Nboµui4. csgx3m5 Søyj5 the police came to speak with Kinakia Jr. bfix3bshi sç[sQx3gyJ[i6 rNrx6 kv3y6. The Youth Criminal Justice Act s[4vk5 Wi3lg[i3k5 wozt9lA The police, the Crown Prosecutor and the courts WdI1atbsymJ6 must apply the Youth Criminal Justice Act in their deal- Søy4f5, w3cgw[7ul g3cb3“5 x7ml w3cgw[4 s[4vk5 Wi3lg[i3k5 ings with Kinakia Jr. The Youth Criminal Justice Act sets wozt9lA WdI1atbsymJ6 mo5bsQxc3S6 vmQIso3X5 rNrx6 kv3y6. out the principles, procedures and sentences in all s[4vk5 Wi3lg[i3k5 wozt9lA WdI1atbsymJ6 g1z[oxaymK6, situations where an offence is alleged to have been Wsy5noxaym5hil x7ml ck6 Wi3lg[i6 ckwoIsAtcMz7m¯5, wl8Nt4 committed by a young person aged 12 to 17. Wi3lg[isiC3bsAtsJoµ5 s[4vk5 srso8k5 !@-u5 !&-j5. Canada’s stated policy with respect to young vNbu moZoxAymJ6 s[4vk5 Wi3lg[i3k5 wozJ6 Wi3lÖot5yZhxDtsK6 offenders emphasizes the need for prevention through Nlâ3bsmt9lQ5 ckwozisJ5 x7ml Wi3lMests?5gi4, ñb5nsAtsA8Ngi4, addressing the underlying circumstances and causes of wªctŒ5gl nS7uIsQxc3iq8i4, Wsy5noxEIsmJ9l ˆ7myxChxExc3iq8i4, offending behaviour, the need for accountability, the €3eh3[ni4, Wi3lg[is9l wMQost?9oxAt5nq8i4. s[4vk5 Wi3lg[i3k5 importance of protecting society, procedural fairness, wozt9lA WdI1atbsymJ6 x9MymQK6 wvJ3bsvWA8N[oµzk5 rehabilitation, and reintegration. The Youth Criminal wvJ3bst5yZhxDt5ni4 s[4Ü5 Wi3lg[is2Xb x7ml Justice Act stresses the importance of quick wMQIs5yxExc3iq5 Wi3lg[is2 wMq5 kNozl intervention in situations of youth criminal x9Mym7uht4. behaviour and the need for the involvement kN[7u w3cgw[oEi3j5 vtmº5 kw5ygw8NExc3uJ5 of families and the community. s[4Ü5 w3cg3bsiq8k5 vtmp5ni4 s[4vk5 In the near future, Nunavik’s justice com- Wi3lg[i3k5 wozt9lA WdI1atbsymJ6 W5JtQlA. mittees may also be considered as youth WdI6 xuh7mE8i4 W[5nc5ty7m5 kNo8i4, s[4Ü5 justice committees for the purposes of the w3cg3bsiq8k5 vtmº5 x3dbst9lQ5 Wlx3g6, Youth Criminal Justice Act. The law provides

WNhxDtcD8Ni3nsZI3mb s[4vi4 Wi3lg[i3i4, MARYTOOKTOO many opportunities for communities, espe- s[4vk5 w3cgw[oEi3j5 vtmº5 xJeQx3tsc5bD8NuJ5 w3cgw[s2 yMÌA5 cially through the youth justice committees, to play a W[5nsA8NuJi4; nS7ult4 Wi3l[sJ[i3u4 x7ml ã7mctŒ5tyZhx3lt4 very signiﬁcant role in dealing with youth crime. Youth Wi3l[sJ[i3u4 s[4vu9l Wi3l[c3g[i3u5; x7ml kNo7j5 s[4v6 Wi3lg[i6 justice committees may give advice on the appropri- nS7uIs5yxm¯5 w2WAhZhx3tsA8Nht4. ate out-of-court options; they can support the victim s[4vk5 Wi3lg[i3k5 wozt9lA WdI1atbsymÔ2 xÌA5, and help reconcile the victim and the young person; ‘w3cgw[s2 yMÌA5 ck3©DbsA8Ng6, b{ÓN x©t/s¯gw8NExc3uJ6 and they can ensure that community support is avail- Wd/3tA5 €3eh3yms¥5 xyxA5 x©tIs¯D8NuJtA5. w3cgw[s2 yMÌA5 able to the young person. ck3©DbsMzgx3X5, s[4v6 w3cgw[4ƒtbsZ/1qg6. Under the Youth Criminal Justice Act, “extrajudi- Søy4f5 vmQ/coDt4 rNrx6 kv3yu4 yK9oÙu whm5nysDtc3çExø5 cial measures”, which are an out-of-court option, may Ì8N w3cgw[s2 yMÌA5 ck3©DbsMz7m¯5 w3cgw[7Ëg5noxE/sMz1q be used as alternatives to the formal legal system. If gx3X5 Ì8N s[4v6 Wi3lg[i6. sfiz x©tQxoq5 wMc3g5: extrajudicial measures are used, the youth won’t go « Søy4f5 ckwøQx9MMzA8âo3tlQ5 to court. « Søy4f5 rNrx6 kv3yu4 raizA5 w2WAh5yxdlA scsºA8Ng5 The police who are dealing with Kinakia Jr. must Öàlc5bdA8âlA; ﬁrst consider whether it would be appropriate to use « Søy4f5 rNrx6 kv3ys2 Wsi3ntA5 grÌEs3nt5yMzJi4 extrajudicial measures before starting judicial proceed- wvJ3tQMzIq8ªyQxø5. ings against him. These measures include: bm4ftÅˆ3cI1qgx3X5, Wi3li[iz W9MEsifzk5 s{?¬8î5 xyxA5 • the police taking no further action; or ckwozic3X5, Ì4fx d˜i x©tIsA8NiC3bsÜ8Ng5 xg3cICI1qg5 w3cgw[s2 • the police giving a warning to Kinakia Jr.; yMÌA5 vmQIs[c3um5 xyxA5 ‘w3cgw[s2 yMÌA5 xq3bsymJ3tA5 vmQIsAti4,’ • the police referring Kinakia Jr. to an agency that eu3Dxq5 bm8N ‘xyxA5 W[5nsA8NgtA5 ck3©Dtc3if5’ WNhxDt4. can help him make better choices. mr[4

22 WdIoEi3u4 cspQx9MD†5 Legal Tips

w3cgw[s2 yMÌA5 xq3bsymJtA5 vmQIstbsMsCi, w3cgw[7u g3cb3[j5 If, because of the seriousness of the offence or other bfIs3çExø5 x9MymJdtq5. XyI5nsiz h3dwN9MEgx3X5 x7ml w3cgw[7u circumstances, none of the above measures would be g3cb3[4 Wi3li[iz bf8NlA x7ml ckwoziz, bm8N w3cgw[s2 yMÌA5 adequate, another out-of-court option called an “extra- xq3bsymJ3tA5 vmQIsA8NCI3g6, x9MymJdtq9l s[4Ü5 nS7uIs[zb judicial sanction” may be used. Extrajudicial sanction grjx3typzªbslt4. programs are what used to be referred to as “alterna- rNrx6 kv3y6 w3cgw[s2 yMÌA5 xq3bsymJ3tA5 vmQIsAm2X5 tive measures” programs. Wi3li[i3uil xyui4 XyI5nsJc1qizi4 tAy5yxDi, h4ft3b[i3ui4 Before an extrajudicial sanction may be used, €3éZhxD8NyoCI3g6. s[4vi4 WNhxctc§6 grÌD8Ng6 N9oxA5 w3cgw[s2 the file must be shown to a Crown Prosecutor. If there yMÌA5 vmQIsicCI3m¯5, s5©tQlQ5, kNo7u WA5pic3li¬8î5, yM3ctzbl is enough evidence to lay charges and the Crown w9lzi4 yd5tb[i3ui4 €3ehwtbsli¬8î5, x9Mtbsli¬8î5 w˜is1q©li Prosecutor feels that, considering the offence and s{?¬8î5 kNos2 yMÌi kNu whx3ãpk5 wªyoEIsli. grÌChxoDi the circumstances, an extrajudicial sanction would s[4voEp, ‘vtmt5yA8Ng6,’ w3cgw[oEº5 vtmpq5 wMQIsA8NuJ5 vtmlt4 be appropriate, the file is sent to the director of Youth grÌChxoDt4. Protection. rNrx6 kv3y6 w3cgw[5tÅMz1qvlx3X5 MzZlx3X¬8î5 s{?¬8î5 If Kinakia Jr. accepts to participate in the extra- w3cgw[s2 yMÌA5 xq3bsymJ3tA5 vmQIsMzZlx3X5, Søy, w3cgw[7u¬8î5 judicial sanction program and accepts responsibility g3cb3[4, s{?¬8î5 s[4vi4 w3cgwp¬8î5 s{?¬8î5 s[4voEp czgw8Noµ6 for the offence, he can begin to make amends for vtmstcDmA8Ng5 Ì5huz s[4vu4 Wi3lg[i3u4, wMQIst9lQ5, wMq5, xzJ3çQ4 the damages. A youth worker decides what would xyq9l rNrx6 kv3yu4 cspm5yxgw5, grÌChxDbst9lA ck6 vmQIsMz7m¯5 be the most appropriate sanction, such as for exam- s5©tQlQ5, ckw5gi4 w3cgw[s2 yMÌA5 ck3©DbsAtc3ixm¯5, N9oxil ple, community service, repairing the damages to the ckwoIsAtc3li Wsi3XsZI3m¯5 s{?¬8î5 kNo7j5 st3tbs?9oxZI3iz neighbour’s house, a letter of apology or on-the-land X3âbs?9oxZI3m¯5. w3cgw[oEi3j5 vtmpoxAymJ5 wMQIsA8NuJ5 counselling. In making this decision, the youth worker grÌ3bsZhx3tlA, s{?¬8î5 ckw¬DtcD8NuJw5, vtmo3Xb grÌChxDtc3lt4 can ask for a “conference”, which may involve the jus- Ì5huz s[4vu5 Wi3lg[3iu5. tice committee. rNrx6 kv3y6 WdIoEpu4 nS7upQMzIui4 wvJ3tÌD8NtbsQxo4, Whether or not Kinakia Jr. is going to court or is w3cgw[s2 yMÌA5 ck3©DbsMzZlxDi, XyI5nsZlxDi, tAI[isZlxDi participating in an extrajudicial sanction program, a s{?¬8î5 tAIsm[7üZlxDi. rNrx6 kv3ys2 xzJ3çQ4 vmQI5nc9ME5©4 x7ml police officer, the Crown Prosecutor, the youth justice gnsmtbsq8NExc3ht4 s[4vk5 w3cgw[7j5 vmQIsizi. Wlx3g6, Søy4fk5 court judge or the youth worker can call a conference tAIs8iX5 s{?¬8î5 tAIsm[7ËbsJ[isgx3X5 rNrx6 kv3y6, xzJ3çQ4 at any time to involve others, including family mem- gn3tbs5nstQxWQxø4 Öà5güo3X5. bers, the parents and others who know Kinakia Jr. well, yM3ctq5 GWi3l[sJ[isZu4H cspmtbsQxc3uJ5 Ì5hm s[4vs2 Wi3lg[is2 in making decisions about, for example, what type ckw¬3bsAtoµq8i4 x7ml wMQIsA8NtbsQxc3uht4 s[4Ü5 w3cg3bs[zk5 of extrajudicial measure should be used, what kind ckw¬DtsJi4. of sentence would be most appropriate or community reintegration plans. A justice committee may be vm4r¬t5ÖoQxc3if5 — h4fb[i3i4 xrøi6 involved in, or even act as, the conference. w3cgw[s2 yMÌA5 ck3©Dbs1qvlx3X5 x7ml XyI5na3tbs8iqgx3X5 rNrx6 Kinakia Jr. has the right to a lawyer, whether he has kv3y6, yM3ctq5 h4fbspx[iq5 xro3bsqgx3Xb st3[stbs1qgx3Dt9lî5, been subjected to an extrajudicial measure, charged, w3cgw[7ËyA8Ng5 rNrx6 kv3yu4 xzJ3çQ8il h4fbspx[i3ui4 ®NsIil arrested or detained. Kinakia Jr.’s parents have a signif- xyspAtQMeI[i3ui4 w3cgw[7ËEAtc3lt4. icant role and must be kept informed of their child’s WdI3tA5, xzJ3çEIsJw5 eg3zui4 w2WAh5yxExc3S5 wo8ix- involvement in the youth justice system. In particu- iq8il vmQIc5yxlt4 eg3zub. WdI6 wà5gE5ym5 Wxê5Fv4v˜5 lar, if the police arrest or detain Kinakia Jr., they must w2WQIs5yxgxCu4 wo8ixtbsym5yxgxCul, xyui4 €8îZhx3isIq8iq8i4 inform his parents as soon as possible. h4fwZhx3isI1qiq8il. bm8N WdI6 grc3g6 xzJ3çEIsJw5 ñb5nsA8Niq8i4 The neighbours (as they are the victims) have the eg3zq5 h4ftEJ[isgx3Xb. WxC6Fv4v˜6 !* u5ytA5 srso4 ckgw8N6 right to be informed about how the offence is being €8îJ[is2X5 xyui4 s{?¬9î5 h4ftEJ[isgx3X5 WdtQIsJu5, WxCs2Fv4v˜2 dealt with and they should be given the opportunity xzJ3çQ4 WdI3tA5 xrøtbsMeA8N©4 eg3zzb h4fb[iq8i4. to be involved in the youth criminal justice proceed- rNrx6 kv3ys2 xzJ3çq4 xrøtbs1q©A8N©4 w9¬2 h4fbsAt[iq5b ings. €3eh3bsAtq8i4 x7m¬8î5 ®NsIi4 t9oÛ[i3i4 st3ty1q©A8N©4, h3dwN3tyA8NMEgxDt4 W[oµuA5 w2WAhZhx5yxc5bymi3ui4 wo8ixt5y- Civil liability — paying for the damages yxChxc5bymi3uil rNrx6 kv3yu4. h3dwN3tyQxø4 xzJ3çq5b WsyQ4 Even if no extrajudicial measures are undertaken h4fxtEMeJ[is1qiq8i4. w3cgw[4 bfAmZI3g6 xzJ3çQ4 Wi3lg[is2 and no criminal charges are laid against Kinakia Jr., if ckw¬3ht4 w2WAhZhx5yx§A7m¯8i4 wo8ixt5y§A7m¯8il, xyq8il. w3cgw“5 the neighbours are not reimbursed for their losses, W9MExl8i4 ckwøAtcc5bymK5 xzJ3çEIsJi4 eg3zub W5yxq5©iq8i4 they could sue both Kinakia Jr. and his parents for the vmQIc1qQxgw8Ng[i3i4. xzJ3çEIsJw5 eg3zui4 w9lusctc1q©Zlx5 damages and for the money they lost. magazine XyI5nsAtcD8NEK5 eg3zub ckw¬3i[iq8k5.

continued on page 26 MAKIVIK 23 W?9od†5 x7ml wkw5 Ì4yi4 xrø1q©tbsA8Nstq5 €3ebsymJ5 v?mgc4f5 ®NsIi4 gÇZoxEymIqtA5 Beneﬁts and Tax Breaks in the Federal Budget for Individuals

xuhw5 €3eh3bsymJ5 vNbs2 v?mzb v?mgc4f5 ®NsIi4 Many aspects of Canada’s federal budget that was tabled in the House gÇZos3ymAtq8îg5 miIsMsJK5 WdIos3tk5 à @))^ of Commons at the beginning of May, 2006, place more emphasis on WQx3cust9lA, Ì4fNio Wbc3tbsi3nsMzK5 wkw5 tax cuts than program spending. If adopted by Parliament, this means Ì4yi4 xrø1q©tbsA8Nst5nq8i4 that billions of dollars of benefits for Canadians WNhxDtoxamJ5 WIs1qi3nst9lQ5 in general will come through tax relief rather WNhZc3tyAttA5 ®NsI3gDtsJ5. wkw5 wMq8k5, bm4fx xuh5 than new services or programs. WdIos3[s2 Ì4fx xiÅtt8iXQ5, W?9odt5nsJ5 bf5Jbsc5bõ3g5 For some people, many of these benefits grc˜3g6 wµ4 ®NsIZn4JxÇlw5 vNbusk5 ®Ns5Iñu wM1qbsAtq5 will be seen as a slight decrease in deduc- W?9odt5nsoCI3tlQ5 x3dtQlQ5 Ì4yi4 wroQx3Ôuico3tlQ5 xyqA9l tions being taken out of their pay check and in xro3gwq5©tbsA†5 WIs1qi3ns¯o3Xb bfAtsA8Nc5bõ3ht4 other cases individuals will be able to receive kÌi4 WA5pAti4 n3et5yis?5g5 s{?¬8i5 Ì4ynIoE8Nso3X5 a tax refund after filing their income tax return. kÌi4 WNhxDtsix3gi4 kw5yis?5gw5. Ì4¥Dt[i3u wMq8k5 In order to fully benefit from the budget, Nunavimmiut will want to take advantage of wkw5 wMq8k5, bm4fx xuh5 st3[si3u4. Ì4fN1z5 ®Nsè5 W?9odt5nsJ5 bf5Jbsc5bõ3g5 various tax breaks and, in some cases, make the ®Ns5Iñu wM1qbsAtq5 wroQx3Ôu- gÇZ5nq8i5 wkw5 kN[7us5 necessary applications and keep the receipts ico3tlQ5 xyqA9l bfAts- W?9odtc5yxixDmAt4 for certain kinds of expenses. A8Nc5bõ3ht4 Ì4ynIoE8Nso3X5 xgChxc5bg5nsMzK5 Ì4yi4 The following is a summary of some of the Ì4¥Dt[i3u wMq8k5 st3[si3u4. xrø1q©tbsAt5noxamJi4 benefits that people may want to take advan- Ì4fN1z5 ®Nsè5 gÇZ5nq8i5 wkw5 x7ml xyqtÅZ˜W5gi4 tage of in the federal budget. kN[7us5 W?9odtc5yxixDmAt4 WAmAt4 bb3nExo8i4 • GST rate reduced: The goods and services xgChxc5bg5nsMzK5 Ì4yi4 xrø1q- x9MymJosc5bExc3ixht4 tax was reduced by one percentage point, down ©tbsAt5noxamJi4 x7ml xyqtÅ- wMqtA9l is[Dt[i3ui4 from seven percent to six percent. This reduction Z˜W5gi4 WAmAt4 bb3nExo8i4 kx5yc5bDt4 Wsi3nsZI3uJ5 is applied automatically whenever Canadians purchased anything after July 1st, 2006. x9MymJosc5bExc3ixht4 wMqtA9l Ì4yoE8Nso3X5 xg˜3tlQ5 is[Dt[i3ui4 kx5yc5bDt4 Wsi3ns- • Canada Employment Credit: Also as of July st ZI3uJ5 Ì4yoE8Nso3X5 xg˜3tlQ5 For some people, many of these 1 , people earning employment income are able v4fx ra9osht4 x9MbsymJ5 benefits will be seen as a slight to make use of the new Canada Employment W?9odtÌaA8Ng5 wMq8i4 â9ot3ym- Credit. The credit will provide tax relief on up to decrease in deductions being taken t9lQ5 gryN3tyAt5nsK5 v?mgc4f5 $500.00 of employment income for 2006 and ®NsItA5 gÇZ5noxENhx3ymIq8i4. out their pay check and in other cases up to $1,000 of income in 2007. « is[x5nk9l WA5IsAtk9l individuals will be able to receive a • Personal tax rate changes: Another over- Ì4yDts§5 xrq5 wk3nEx3tbsJ5: tax refund after filing their income tax all tax break will come with an increase in the is[x5nk9l WA5IsAtk9l Ì4†Dts§5 return. In order to fully benefit from basic personal amount that all Canadians can xrq5 wk3nEx3bsmo3S5 !¶j5, the budget, Nunavimmiut will want to earn without paying federal income tax. Also, &¶ac5bMsJ5hi ^¶aQxco3g6. Ì4fx take advantage of various tax breaks people with lower income will benefit from a x7jt5yQxDtsJ5 xgyvW5nstQQxc3g5 and, in some cases, make the necessary reduction in the lowest tax rate from 16 percent st vNbus5 is[3ixoDt4 bfJ8NExoz5 applications and keep the receipts for to 15.5 percent as of July 1 , 2006. Jä !, @))û4 WQx3[c3lt4. certain kinds of expenses. As a result of the personal income tax « vNbus5 WNhZc3g5 wvJ3yIsAtq5: and GST reductions, families earning between x7mbs6 Jä !, @))û5 WQx3lt4 $15,000 and $30,000 a year will save approx- wkw5 ®Ns5In3[Q5hQ5 WNhZc3g5 imately $300 and families earning between xgD8No3uJ5 kÌi4 vNbus5 WNhZc3g5 wvJ3yIsAtq8i4. $45,000 and $60,000 will save almost $650 in 2007. Ì4fx wvJ3yIsAt5nè5 Wbc3tyAtsMzJ5 Ì4yi4 • Tax deductions for trades people: The 2006 budget also provided xro1q©ANststbslt4 ®Ns5Iñ5 R%)).))k5 tax breaks for trades people, which could apply to a few individuals in st3bsA8NMzJ5 @))^ x3CAzi ®Ns5Iñ[isJ5 x7ml @))& Nunavik. However, this benefit may only be realized if people seek to eu3Dxq5 x3ÇAz xgo3X5 ®Nsè5 R!,))).))i4 skic˜3tlQ5. take advantage of it and keep the appropriate receipts. trades people

mr[4 may now deduct up to $500 from their taxable income for the cost of 24 xbsysˆ3tgi4 Ì4yi4 xrø1q©t5yAtsA8Ng5 Tax breaks for individuals

« wª2 N7ui3uªozt9lQ5 Ì4yI3tbsAtQ§q5b sk3iq5 tools in excess of $1,000 that they acquire as a condition of employment. xy5pbsJ5: xyx5bs6 w¬8Â5 Ì4yi4 xrø1q©tbsAtoxamJ6 There are requirements that apply for this deduction, but anyone hop- x©tIstbs˜EK5 sk3yQx3bso3Xb wª2 N7ui3uªozt9lQ5 ing to take advantage of it should keep their receipts when purchasing Ì4¥bsQxc1qht4 ®NsIoxE§q5b sk3iz5 v?mgc4fk5 tools in relation to their employment. Ì4yi4 xro3gwQxc3ij5 trstCb1qgi4 ®Ns5Iñu4 WA8Ntb- siEõ3bq5. x7mbs6 wkw5 ®Ns5IñE5©q8iã5 W?9obs- Big news for post-secondary students in Nunavik is the ic˜EK5 wroQx3bso3Xb S4ri3Ùa§5 Ì4yi4 xro3gwi4f5 elimination of the current $3,000 limit on the amount vb5tbsQxgx3X5 !^¶u5 !%.%¶j5 WQx3lt5bs6 Jä !, @))û5. of scholarship, bursary, and fellowship income they can bm4fx ®Ns5Iñ9l x7ml WA5IsAtk9l is[x5nk9l receive without paying federal income tax. Although the b4yi4 xro3gwt5yAts§5 wroQx3bsiq8k5 Öàbslt4, wMŒ5 Kativik School Board does pay for many of the expenses ®Ns5Inø5 R!%,))) trst5hQ5 R#),))) x3ÇAoµu ®NsIi4 for post-secondary Nunavik students studying in the R#))i4 §3l kx5yJ[i3tg5 Wi3nsc5bõ3uJ5 x7ml south, much of this money was considered income on wMŒ5 ®Ns5Inø5 R$%,)))i5 tr9lQ5 R^),))) ®NsIi4 which the student had to pay income tax. This will no R^%) u5yt8îgi4 §3l kx5yJ[i3tg5 Wi3nsc5bõ3uJ5 longer be the case at least for federal taxes according to @))& x3ÇAzi. the new budget. « Ì4yi4 xro3gwq5©tbsQxDtq5 wkw5 N7ui6 nNpsi3u4 ®NsIosChxDtQ5hQ5 WNhZc3Xg5: @))^ x3ÇAzk5 wozJ5 ®Nsè5 gÇZq5 Wbc3tyAtcEK5 Ì4yi4 xrø1q©AtsA8Ngi4 • Tax relief for students: Big news for post-secondary students in wk8k5 N7ui6 nNpsi3u4 ®NsIosChxDtQ5hQ5 WNhZc3Xgk5, Nunavik is the elimination of the current $3,000 limit on the amount of Ì4fx kN[7us5 wMq8k5 xg3bsJ8Ng5nsuJ5. ryxi, scholarship, bursary, and fellowship income they can receive without Ì4fx W?9odbsiq5 WIsA8NCI3S5 wkw5 w7ui3hlt4 paying federal income tax. Although the Kativik School Board does pay xg3tNhxgx3XQ5 x7ml Ws4ft5nui4 is[Dt[i3ub for many of the expenses for post-secondary Nunavik students study- x9Mdtq8i4 kx5yyxc5bgx3Xb. nNpsJ5 ®NsIi4 ing in the south, much of this money was considered income on which R%))i4 sk3io8i4 Ì4yi4 xrø1q©QxD8N[cõ3g5 the student had to pay income tax. This will no longer be the case at xrøAt[iEgxDiQ5 nN3Dt5nu8i4 is[3lt4 R!,))) szÌk5 least for federal taxes according to the new budget. xrcpxc3ymgxDt4. Ì4fx mo5bsQxc3ht4 WdI3bEIsJ5 The federal budget also provides for a new tax credit for the cost of WNhZ3uk5 wozt9lQ5. mo5bsQxc3g5 Ì4fiz Ì4yi4 textbooks for full-time post-secondary students for 2007 and later years xrø1q©Ati4 xgDmJk5, ryxi rNgw8N6 Ì4fiz iEsQIc- calculated as $65.00 for each month a student is in full-time attend- MzAmAi nN3Dt5nui4 is[Dt[i3ui4 Wsoxc3ymQxcCI3g6 ance at school. WNhZ3uªozt9lQ5 is[x[iEgxDiQ5. « Ì4yi4 xro3gwq5©tbsAtQA8Nbq5 wo8ix†5: Ì4fx wo8ixtk5 kN[7usIs5ht4 S3gi3nu4 wo8ixE3ymJ5 wo8ix[q8i wo8ixgk5 gnC5nyx7mEx¬J5 wµ4 katbs- Atc3ymoExz R#,))) szÌkD8Nc5bMsJ1qg5 wo8ixti4 wvJ3yAt5nIs5ht4 ®NsI3Ìt5yAts§5 x7ml wo8ixtsi3ui ®NsIc3tbsAtQ§q8k5 x5gxc5bMsJ7uJ5 ®Nsè5 sk3inoxamJ5 çqstogx3mb xro3gwQxcyc5bMsJ7mb v?mgc4fk5 b4yi4. Ömo vt[4 wo8ixioEi6 kN[7usIi4 wo8ixtdtu8i4 xro3gwA5p§aZlx3tlA Ì4fx wo8ixti4 xro3gwA5pAtq5 woztbsc5bMsJK5 §3l wo8ixts2 ®Ns5Iñqg5 c9lˆ5 kNz8i wo8ixEx3ymogx3mb Öà7m5 wo8ix†5 xrøQxcc5bMsJ5 Ì4yq8i4. bm8N v?mgc4f5 Ì4ftÅN ®NsIk5 gÇZsix3tlQ5 €3eymAyoxE3cuqtA5 WbcMzA8âg6. v?mgc4fbs6 ®NsItA5 BOB MESHER gÇZoxEymIq5 Wbc3tyA- tcEK5 Ì4ytA5 wvJ3yAtc3iu4 xgxZ3i4 wo8ixDt5nIi4 is[xcExcgx3Xb xbJu4 wo8ixtk5 S3gi3nu4 wo8ix- Ey3mJ5 wo8ix[q8i Ì4fx wozMzJ5 x3ÇAj5 magazine @))&j5 ra9oq8kl MAKIVIK MAKIVIK

25 b3ebµ5 sk3icD8Nix3ht4 R^%.))i4 wo8ixt xbJu4 wo8ixioµzi. « wòon3iËozJk5 Ì4yi4 xro3gwlx1q©AtsA8Ng5: WQx3lt4 @))& x3ÇAzi, v?mgc4f5 kw5yAtcEs1ah2S5 wòon3iËozJi4 xro3gwQxo8i4 wvJ3yAtcc5bix3lt4 sk3î5 R%)) trA8NlQ5 wòon3[k5 wMsAtÌ[isJ5 xrq8ªozt9lQ5 xrøAbsmlt4 eg3zsJk5 !^i4

srs3ÌCb1qgk5. v?mgc4f5 gn3bst5y˜3uJ5 N9oq5 PITA COLLECTIONAATAMI mr{[s2 S3gi3nq5 €bu xMf Wb €bul p7 SEx8t+ niÇî5©4 ui+bs kNc3çymJoEpk5 srs3bgusi9l vNbu. wòonD¥5 Ì4fiz Ì4yi4 xrø1q©AtsA8Ngi4 xgDbsA8Nm¯b Makivik executives Adamie Alaku and Pita Aatami on each side of Jim Prentice, – gn3tyAtcMs1qiq8i xro3gwAt5y x9Mdtq8i4 the minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development Canada. Wsoxc5yxg5nsKy. « wvJ3bsAtQA8Nbq5 wkw5 tuuA5 wly3¬tc3g5: • Fitness tax credit: Beginning in 2007, the government introduced a ®Nsè5 gÇZq5 gnC5nyxi4 WbcEK5 wozJi4 wk8k5 new fitness tax credit of up to $500 on eligible fees for programs of phys- eg3zc3gk5 tuuA5 wly3¬to8i4. x3ÇAbµ5 eg3zø5 ical activity for each child under age 16. The government will announce tuuA5 wly3lgi4 W?9odtb5nIq5 sk3yQxõ3uJ5 which physical fitness programs should be eligible for this credit — in R@%âc5bMsJ5ht4 sk3ic˜yJ5 R@,#))i4 WQx3lt4 Jä the meantime, keep your receipts. !, @))û x7ml Ì4fN1z5 W?9odti5 WtbsA8N[c3Xg5 • Assistance for persons with disabilities: The budget also has some wMs[sA8Nõ3uht4 ®Ns5Iñc3gk5 good news for families xf8iü5gi4 x7ml ®Ns5Iñc3gk5 Ì4fx wo8ixtk5 kN[7usIs5ht4 S3gi3nu4 with a child with disabili- I ties. The maximum annual ®Ns5 ñgw8Ni5 sk3ini4. wo8ixE3ymJ5 wo8ix[q8i wo8ixgk5 « wkgcso3g5 ®NsIc3tbsAtuA5 Child Disability Benefit goes wvJ3yIsAtq5: v?mgc4f5 ®NsItA5 gnC5nyx7mEx¬J5 wµ4 katbsAtc3ymoExz up $256 to $2,300 effective gÇZoxEymIq5 Wbc3tyAtbcEK5 R#,))) szÌkD8Nc5bMsJ1qg5 wo8ixti4 July 1, 2006, and eligibility wkgcso3g5 Ì4yi4 xro3gwq5©A- wvJ3yAt5nIs5ht4 ®NsI3Ìt5yAts§5 x7ml for this benefit will gener- tQA8Nbq8i4. Ì4ftÅN wkgcso3g5 wo8ixtsi3ui ®NsIc3tbsAtQ§q8k5 ally be extended to middle Ì4yi4 xro3gwq5©AtQA8Nbq5tA5 x5gxc5bMsJ7uJ5 ®Nsè5 sk3inoxamJ5 and higher-income fam- WtbsAtsA8Ng5 sk3yQx3ymõ3g5 çqstogx3mb xro3gwQxcyc5bMsJ7mb ilies. R!)))i5 Wlt4 sk3icõ3g5 v?mgc4fk5 b4yi4. Ömo vt[4 • Pension Income R@)))i4 @))^ËozJi4 Ì4yoEsti4 wo8ixioEi6 kN[7usIi4 wo8ixtdtu8i4 Credit: The federal budget WNhx3Nso3uX5. xro3gwA5p§aZlx3tlA Ì4fx wo8ixti4 also provides a tax break « vNbus5 eg3zc3g5 W?9odtc3tbs- for elders. The maximum xro3gwA5pAtq5 woztbsc5bMsJK5 Atq5: - xgEx1zy˜3gi4 Jä @))û4, amount eligible for the wMŒ5 ®NsI3ÌtbsAtcc5bD8NõEK5 §3l wo8ixts2 ®Ns5Iñqg5 c9lˆ5 Pension Income Credit will b3ebµ5 R!))i4 Gx3ÇAoµu kNz8i wo8ixEx3ymogx3mb Öà7m5 increase from $1000 to R!,@))k5 trstA8Ngi4H Ì4fxo wo8ix†5 xrøQxcc5bMsJ5 Ì4yq8i4. bm8N $2000 for the 2006 tax wozMzJ5 eg3zsJk5 Wz§J3gi4 v?mgc4f5 Ì4ftÅN ®NsIk5 gÇZsix3tlQ5 year. srs3ÌCb1qgk5. wkw5 Wtbs?Œ3g5 €3eymAyoxE3cuqtA5 WbcMzA8âg6. • Universal childcare vNbu eg3zsJ5 Ì4ytA5 W?9od- benefit: — Starting in July tc3tbsAtq8i4 Ì4fiz xb8isDt- 2006, families will receive Q9lf1qvlxDtQ5 Wtbsc5bix3g5, ryxi eg3zc3g5 Ì4fiz $100 per month (up to $1,200. per year) for each child under age six. Wtbs5bDtc§a1qg5 WA8NtbsAt5nu8i4 bb3ãQxc3g5 Allowance families who receive the Canada Child Tax Benefit (CCTB) will bb3nymIui4l xs9Mt5ylt4 vNbs2 v?mzb v?mgc4f5 receive the new benefit automatically, but those who do not should ®NsIoE[zk5. Ì4fk1zozJi4 gryQx4viDtcDmJ5 apply by completing and submitting a CCTB form to the Canada Revenue scomA8Ng5 sKz !.*)).#*&.!!(#j5. Agency. For more about this, people can phone 1.800.387.1193.

continued from page 23

Legally, parents are responsible for supervising and educating In order for Kinakia Jr.’s parents to not be held responsible for pay- their children. The law assumes that, if children are well supervised ing for the repairs to the house and reimbursing the stolen cash, they and educated, they will not hurt others or cause damages. This legal must prove that they did everything they could to adequately supervise assumption means that parents can be held liable for damages caused and educate Kinakia Jr. Basically, they must prove that their behav- by their children. If a child under the age of 18 acts in a way that hurts iour didn’t lead to the damages. A court will take into account the type another person or causes damages to property, the child’s parents can of example the parents show, among other things. Courts have been eu3Dxq5 be legally responsible for paying for those damages. severe with parents who ignore their children’s bad behaviour. Even

mr[4 parents who do not live with their children can be held responsible for their children’s actions. 26 kN[7u nNá5 WNh5ymo3bq5 Nunavik Creations Review iDuxZos3iu4 WQs3nt5yAtc3î5 Training to Make Bags kN[7u nNá5 X3NoEK5 Wbc3tyAtcCI3lt4 iDuxZos3iu4 Nunavik Creations is planning to provide a bag-making course WQs3nt5yAtcDt5ni4 kN[7us5 u3htq8i4 wo8ixt5yAtQZI3lQ5 to Nunavik seamstresses at the sewing shop later this summer sW3zgcsi3nsQxogx3X5 n9lî9lt4, ®NsIc3tbsA8NMsgxDt4 vt[4 in Salluit, pending funding from Kativik Regional Government kNooµ5 v?m4fq5b WNhZ5noEi3ul WQs3nt5yi3jl Employment and Training. Expert WA5p[zk5. iDuxZos3iu4 WNhxD8Nic5yxg6 pyx9 bag designer Giselle Desilets, who tyø, N7uiE5hA iDuxZ5nIos3tsi3u4 WNhZdtc3g6 has her own exclusive bag-making m8gpxu, wo8ixt5ypsZI3g6 WNhxDyoµu business in Montreal, would teach the wo8ixt5yic3li. WQs3ntZI3bq5 u3h†5 N7mÛos3ii4, one-week course. She will teach the ®NsIi4 ycoxcstos3iu4, iDuxZgw8Nos3iu4 seamstress how to make such bags x7ml s9lys†5 yM2WxnIq8i4 nNA8Ni3u4. Ì4fizl as knapsacks, coin purses, handbags WQs3nIsMs3lt4 W[5ncq8NgxDt4 wo8ixtbsAt as well as agenda folders. Depending cgw8NExcCI3uht4 ®NsIcst5nIosDy3i4, Ì4fxo on the available time, the Nunavik ®NsIcs†5 W9lfZhQxc3Ni3nsJ5. bm4fx u3hZ5nslt4 Creations seamstresses might also WQs3ntbsAtsJ5 xgDts˜3g5 N5¥5 eyq8i4 x7ml be given a training session on how egµIi4, ryxi wMq5 u3hymJoxaJ5 c9lˆ3bIsc5b˜3uJ5. to make wallets, which require spe- s9luj5 tr5hA kN[7u nNá5 x3âNoµi4 u3htc3Xg5 cial details. These items will be made ryxi xa†5 u3htk5 wMsAmJ5 g1zh5tbs7uJ5 Ì4fkz out of sealskin and leather, but some WQs3ntbsi3k5 wMsAm5niDt4. of the bags will also be made from bm4fxa5nmbo ho kN[7u nNá5 u3htq5 fabric. So far Nunavik Creations has all bZbZsJ6 sX¬mq8Nc5bS5 xyq8i4 is[x5ndt5ti4 BOB MESHER X2 women sewers, but would welcome trñaymJi4 u3hht4. kN[7u nNá4f5 nN7mni4 men as well in this course. €3ehwpz [r s4W4 sX¬mq8Nc5buJ6 is[3ixhi u3hZ5nIi4 u3h“5 Meanwhile, the Nunavik Creations seamstresses have WQxoq8i4, bmguz WNhxoCu [r xuhk5 c9lˆ3bIi9l xyq8il been busy catching up with orders for our other products. u3hZ5nIi4 is3Dys3tsi3u4 WNhZo8i4 bfixvbQxc§6. s5gtQlA Nunavik Creations designer Vickie Okpik has also been busy iDuxZos3iu4 N7mÛos3iu9l xyq8il nNAmAt4 xuhi4 x5pŒ1qgi4 buying material for the sewing centres, which involves visiting is[3[i4 bfixvbQxcCI3g6, ¥5bÔos3ti9l x7ml wl2WxnIi4 several different suppliers. In order to make bags for instance, c9lˆ3bIos3ti4 bfI3gvbQxcCI3uhi. bm4fiz u3hZ5nsZI3gi4 it involves visiting leather suppliers, zipper makers and lining is3Dy3†5 bfI3gvbQxcExq5 sX¬mN3Xg5 gryZh{[QQxc3hQ9l suppliers. Visiting suppliers takes time in order to find out which N9oq5 c9lˆ3bè9l xu[î9l Wsi3XsZI3m¯b hN5nsMziq5 fabrics or leather would be better for certain products. Vickie g1z[Q5hQ5. [r xbsygw8Nsq5gj5 wMzi4 ÉQxc§6 xrtA5 sometimes has to visit two or more suppliers before finding ˆ7mgEi3Ùui4 grÌChxogxCu WsJIi4 kN[7u nNá5 is[x5nnq8i4 the best price for the fine quality materials used to produce WZhx3hi. WI5nv WQx9Mc5buJ5 iDuxZ3i4 WQs3nt5yAts˜3g5 Nunavik Creations products. A lot of my time has also gone nN7mnq8i4 xgw8ND3tEQxc3ifZk5. [r WNhctcc5bggcsJ6 into preparing patterns for the bag-making course. Vickie has pyx9u4 X3NctQ5hA WQs3nt5yAt5ni4 iDuxZoxa˜3gl xyQ˜3bqbl been working with Giselle to develop the plan for the course ckw5©nsiq8i4 xgw8ND3tctŒ5ht4. kN[7u nNá5 and select which styles of bags would be grÌ3ymo3g5 iDuxZgw8Nsi3ni9l N7mÛgw8Nsi3ni9l most appropriate to present to our excellent nNIst5yQx1zCI3ht4, raizA5 W9lf5ymi3nsJi4 Nunavik seamstresses. Nunavik Creations has nNc5b¯CI3ht4 ckw5gi4 WAmi3nsm¯b decided to begin with some basic bag pat- grymi3nsogxDt4. terns, which will evolve and become more kN[7u nNá4fbs6 X3NDtcEK5 u†5 diDq8i4 detailed as required. wrx3usbo8i4 xtQosc5b˜3iu4, Wlx3gu u†5 Nunavik Creations is also preparing to kN[7üX5g5 diDq8i4 xg3lt4 xtQosc5bMDm5ht4. make eider down filled parkas, particularly Ì4fx kÌu4 nN7mc3lt4 xtQoxa˜3g5 â5gIsi3ns˜3g5 eider down from Nunavik. The short-style x7ml yM2WxE˜3bq5b bs5gnq9l c9lˆ3bIE˜3bq9l Nlâ3bsmo3ht4. patterns, colours, and fabrics have been chosen for this new bm8Nsn3m5 bZ, bZbZsJ6 kN[7u nNá5 diD3ÌEx9MAm5nax3S5 line of parkas. Nunavik Creations would like to obtain more Ì4fx xtQ5 nNIsAt5nq8i4 WAm5ht4. rNgw8N6 s?5tk5 diD3i4 eider down for this project. If anyone would like to sell some is3DyDmJ6 s{?¬8î5 iDuxZos3iu4 WQs3nIsAtc˜3gªozJi4 eider down to us, or to find out more about the bag making gryQx4viDmAt4, scomA8Nyx3g5 [r s4Wj5 mr{[f5 x9M[z8k5 workshop, please contact Vickie Okpik at Makivik’s Montreal magazine m8gpxü5gj5 scomlt4 sKz: !.*)).&$%.***). office. Dial: 1.800.745.8880. MAKIVIK MAKIVIK

27 klx3tbsmJ5 Caught in the Trawl

sux3gN3yMs1qizi WQs3nt5yi3u4 WNhxD†5 A Pre-sea Training program x©tIsMsJK5 ƒ4Jxu sW3zngcso3tlA WQs3ntbsJ5 was completed in Kuujjuaq WI‰3gwNZMsMsJ5 wo8ixtbsAtu8i4 Marine Emergency in late spring with most of Duties A1u4 x7ml sux3glt4 €8igc3X5 yK9oXslt4 the trainees completing €8ixJu4 vmA8NDt5nb3ht4. Ì4fx WQs3nIsAtq5 the course and passing the wMcEx9MMsJ7uJ5 sux3Jxu WNh5tsA8Nst5nq8i4, Marine Emergency Duties won3bsAtq5 wMcMsJ5 sux2 Ws4ftq8i4 x4AxgwA8Ni3u4, A1 and Marine Advanced xyq8il x4hˆIoEAti4 x4hˆi9l W3êQs3ntbs5ht4. First Aid courses. In addition

Ì4fx WQs3ntbsJ[î5 WA8NstÌEQxo7ui4 Wtbs˜3g5 they completed a course in BOB MESHER X3 N9oÏIslt9l N9oq5 wcl8ixDti sux3Jxi WNhZI3m¯b. Seamanship, which included vNbs2 kNo3Jxzb xyxk5 kNo3Jxj5 wtD8Nst5nIi4 gear mending and other twine and rope splicing. These trainees will Wc5yxExc3g5 xfr5gus5 kNz8k5 kˆMs3gExc3Xvu4 receive their certificates and will be selected to go fishing. It is impor- sW3¯u sux3gogxCu4. sWA§5pyx3XK5 Ö4fx Ì4fiz tant that they have a passport for these voyages as they usually stop WQs3ntbsAtu8i4 WI‰D8Nic5yxMsJ5. in Greenland during the summer months. We con- mr{[f5bs6 wMscbs?4rK5 xuhv9Mk5 gratulate those that successfully completed the wcl8ixi3Ëoz5ht4 WNhx3bsJk5. c7ust9lA training. wMsy3cuMs3uJ5 W?9oxt5yAtco3gk5 ra3Mi4 Makivik Corporation is also involved in a WIst5yZhx3iu4 WNhxo3gk5 Ì4fx iEsAbsJ5 number of issues that surround the fishery. We have ãi¥5 kNq8k5 is3Dyc5bi3i4 sk3ysuQ- recently become involved in the development of xDtsZI3tlQ5. Ì4fx WNhxDtsJ5 wMc3ty˜3g5 a shrimp promotion program that will hopefully vNbs2 wm3Wzi ra3Mix3iu4 WA8NstbChx3iu4 increase our sales in China. This program will involve x7ml iEsAtsZhx3uht4 xfr5©2 wm3Wzi the offshore shrimp license in Canada and hopefully sux3Jxi4 WNhxctc3iu4, ÖàozogxDt4 the offshore vessels from Greenland, therefore mak- yM3JxustA5 WNhctŒ9MEyZI3g5. ing this a truly international project.

x5pŒ1qgi4 cutEsti4 xgEs3ng5 --- sux3Jux wfx9Mgcygx3m5 hv5gu4 w3XD8N§a7m5. Learning to use different kinds of fire extinguishers — a fire onboard a fishing boat could easily be a disaster. eu3Dxq5 mr[4

28 xxxxxxxxxx Story title

Sw5Jg5 i9oN3gv9Mu. xu§5ht4 Sw5JgxCu4 WA8Ni3ns§5 xbsy3u5, sfiz swmN3gysti4 x8kÇ3ym5ht4. sux3Jxütsi3u4 WQs3nIsJ5 sfxaMsJ5 Awo g9MsZ6, ÷y w5g6, Awo x3Ng6, xÌ ©m, gDw c8g, ÷ib8 €8gn8, €lX cs4Ü, Jwo ƒX ©i x3Ng3l. Swimming in the icy water. It is easier to swim as a team than alone, wearing these emergency suits. The pre-sea trainees were Willie Tullaugak, Yassie Etok, Willie Angnatuk, Arthur Tooma, Troy Hunter, Jonathan Andersen, Alupa Kauki, Juillie Cooper, and Tony Angnatuk. BOB MESHER X4

wo8ixtbs[7üQxc3uJ5 WI‰Dy3bsixDt4. Classroom instruction is also required for the certiﬁcate.

d7jxÔi4 swmN3gysti4 xg5yxD¥5. magazine The proper way to employ emergency ﬂares. MAKIVIK MAKIVIK

29 NOAHTAYARA wkw5 wl3Dy3tA5 wobEIsmAtq5 x7ml N7ui6 WJEstQ§q5 Ìk9 †l x9Mbq5 mrx9 wo8ix[3Jxu5 Inuit Cultural Identity and Self-Esteem Donald M. Taylor McGill University

N7ui6 WJEstc5yxqQx6 h4fN3gmEsA8N§aK6. bm5hjz Low self-esteem is so crippling. It makes people feel negatively about wkw5 Ws5yxq5gi4 whmic3tyA8N§a7m5 x{[xlbEIs5hil themselves and it is also a barrier to their success in important rela- vJy5yxq5©t5yhi ckwosctQ5yxChx3iu4, WNhZ3u¬8î5 tionships, in their job and in their school achievement. What possible x7ml wo8ixi3u4. hNu4 Wg5ymAtc3X5 bm5hjz wl3Dy3tA5 link could there be between cultural identity and self-esteem? This is wobEIsmi3u4 x7ml N7ui6 WJEstc5yxD8Ni3u4V an extremely important question for two reasons. First, we have all bm8N xWEst5nMEsK6 m3Îi4 W5Jtc3tlA. yK9oÙzi, heard over and over again how low self-esteem can have such a neg- gn3ymJw8NsKA5 Ömzoµ6 ck6 N7ui6 WJEstc5yxq8i6 ative impact not only on how we feel about ourselves, but also on our Wsqgu4 h3êicD8Nt9lA N7ui6 whmAygw8NK8isq5g6, chances of succeeding in anything we try to accomplish. Second, in the ryxi vJyt5yyxD8NEx5ti4 hNgw8Nu4 WZhx3bt8i4. bm8N last issue we learned how Inuit cultural identity has been negatively eu3Dxq5 gzoc3uJ6, eu3Dxi yK9osMsJi wo5ytbsMsJKA5 ck6 aﬀected by colonization. So, if there is a connection between cultural

mr[4 wkw5 wl3Dy5tA5 wobEIsmAtz Wsqgu4 h3Cbsic3ym7m¯5 identity and self-esteem, it is crucial that we understand how they are 30 wl3dy5tA5 rNsiK5 Cultural Identity

c9lˆk5 trbsymi5tk5. Öà7m5, bm8N wl3Dy3tA5 wobEIs- linked. That is the only way we can promote positive rather than neg- mAtK5 Wg5ymic3X5 N7ui6 WJEstc§ai5tk5, gry9MEQxc3gA5 ative self-esteem. ck6 Wg5ymst7m¯t4. Öà¬3lb ryxi vJq3ãA8NMZJA5 WsJu4 Wsqgusqg6 N7ui6 WJEstcD8Ni3u4. Self-esteem: overused and misunderstood These days everybody blames everything on low self-esteem. N7ui6 WJEstc3is2: xglx3bs§aiz gryi3lbsmizl Oprah Winfrey blames her weight problem on low self-esteem. We are s9lE?o3bt8i rNoµ4f5 Xy5y§ao3g5 hNoµi4 N7ui6 told that student failure, unsuccessful relationships, and the problems WJEstc5yxq8ij5. ß2/ Aw8KE sdàlx§ai3ui4 X5ytc§6 of alcohol and drugs are all rooted in low self-esteem. So, no wonder N7ui6 WJEstc5yxq8iC3hi. scstIs§a7uJA5 bm4fx everyone wants to have positive self-esteem. wo8ix†5 k3òN3Xg5, É2XE5yxDtqî9l, Wâlbc3îl wuxl7u4 The problem is that we are led to believe that self-esteem is a €z÷8Ngi9l Öà5gtbs§aQxq5 N7ui6 WJEstc5yxq8ij5. favourable evaluation we have of our Öà7m5, rNoµ4f5 WsJu4 N7ui6 WJEstc5yxDmJw8NsJ5. self that can be changed directly. In bm8N Wâlbc3uJ6 s2Wo3tbsymi5tk5 bm8N N7ui6 many schools, for example, students WJEstc5yxi6 NlâèAtsA8NExz bm8N N7uiK5 are told over and over again by their gê8Ng4f5 xy5pbsA8N[c3tlA. xuh7mE8i wo8ix[7üg5 teachers that they are wonderful, s5©tQlQ5, wo8ix†5 wo8ixt5ypuk5 scs5Jbsq8N§a7mb special and talented young people. xoxN3©Qxq5, x5pQIsq©Qxq9l WJ8Nic5yxht9l Therapists send the same message to s[4vsht4 wª5ht4. bm4fx whx3ãº5 Öµ5ãN6 scsyc§a7uJ5 their adult clients in the hopes that a wk7mE8k5 iEs8icDm5ht4 bm8N N7ui6 WJEstc5yx§aiz boost in self-esteem will conquer the xqoQx3bsX5 Wâlbc1qi3nsix3tlA whm÷3iu4, v?3Ni3ul problems of anxiety, depression and x7ml wuxl7u4 xglv8iu4. alcohol abuse. ryxi bm8N N7ui6 WJEstc5yxi6 Nr5 Wym?V But where does self-esteem whmc3isJ6 WsJi4 Wsqgi9¬î5 s?5tªozJu4 Nrrx6 come from? Feeling positively or nega- WQx3[cExc3S6. bm8N kwbs§a7m5 hNhx3it8k5, x7ml tively about our self has to come from rNsi5tk5. xyxA5 sc3bsA8NuJ6 rsQxc3SA5 N7ui5tk5 somewhere. It comes from what we xWEstu4 wµ4, ‘rNsKzV’ s2WEIcDm i5Il5Ìt5y§aQxu4 do, and who we are. In other words ekwñ§agxDml, Öm N7ui6 WJEstc5yxgEMzKz. we need to answer for our self the ryxi bfuN5yxgE1qgxDm v1ah5gÔgxDml, N7ui6 question, “Who am I?” before we can WJEstc5yxgEZI1qgz. Öà7m5, bm8N N7ui6 WJEstc3i6 answer the self-esteem question, “Do I like myself?” If I believe I am musi- w7ui4 kwymI5tk5 kwbtbs§aK6, s?5tªozJi4, Wsy5tk9l, cal and patient, then I will likely have high self-esteem. But if I think I x7ml Wix3iE§5tk5, s2WEIc§Az5b rNsAy5tk5. bm8N am unattractive and shy, I will probably have low self-esteem. Thus, self- W5Jtco3S6 Öm, rNgw8Ns2 N7ui6 WJEstcD8Nizi4 esteem comes from our personal attributes, that is, the attributes, the xy5ºMzAb xy5pgw3çExc3gA5 WsyEIs§i4 wk7j5 characteristics, and the way we do things, that we believe capture who rNsi3ui4 s2WEIc3iE§zi4. s5©tQlA, wo8ixt5ypu9¬î5 we are. It stands to reason, then, that to change a person’s self-esteem xzJçEIsJu9¬î5 wvJD8NX5 s[4vu4 wk7u4 wo5ytlA rNsiz we must ﬁrst change the characteristics that the person believes deﬁnes W9lA wàoc5bt9lA ‘kÌi4 w1qDy3u4 wo5ynstQ§aKt5. who they are. For example, a teacher or parent can help a young person w1qaxc5bo‰3bt5 m3D[gw8NhQ5 gñŒ3ymogxC[4r5’ s{?¬8î5 learn about who they are with feedback such as, “You really learn those ‘bf8No3Sz hj5 kÜ5 xoxQIc§aQxz wo8i4 W1axctcExu4. new songs quickly. I hear you singing them after you have only listened Öm1z5 ekw5©§aZ[.’ w2WQIsQxo4 bm8N ckwosD5pisJ6 to them twice”. Or, “I can see why your younger sister likes playing with W5Jtc9ME§aqm5 N7ui6 WJEstc3iu4, ryxi s[4vu4 wk7u4 you. You are always so patient.” Notice that the feedback never refers wo5yt5y¯§a7m5 ‘i5Il5Ìt5yA8NExu4’ x7ml ‘ekw5©Qxu4’. to self-esteem directly, but instead helps the young person learn that bm4fx WsyEIst9lQ5 wMQIsy§6 s[4vs2 wª2 whmizk5 they are “musical” and “patient.” It is these characteristics that become rNs7m¯3u4 WsJu4 N7ui6 WJEstQixoCuQ5. gê8Ngu4 s[4vu4 part of the young person’s idea of who they are that will lead them to wk7u4 scstIsJc3X5 WsJQxq5 W5Jtc1q©li ck3¬î5 have positive self-esteem. Directly telling the young person that they grc3ixq5g6. are good for no reason will have very little meaning. wl3Dy3tA5 wobEIsmi3j5 x7ml N7ui6 WJEstc3i6 Cultural identity and self-esteem wk7u4 cspmQxcgxDi rNs7m¯3u W?9oxt5yAt5nuk5 N7ui6 If a person must know who they are in order to develop self-esteem, WJEstcD8Ni3ui4, csmQxc3SA5 Nr5 bm8N ‘N7ui6 whmc3isJ6’ we need to know where this “idea of the self” comes from. As we have kw§a7m¯5. ryxi xyxA5 wo5yME8insA8NgA5 rN9MEs7m¯b. seen, feedback from others gives a person a clue as to who they are. But gX5ymibµ5 csbm5yx6 rNgw8N6 w2WQIc§a7m5 whmQo3bui4, there is another more fundamental way that we learn about who we w2WQo3bui9l WsyEo3bui9l x7ml hNs7m¯b gryZhx3hQ5. are. Every waking minute of every day a person is paying attention to bµi wª2 wl3Dy3tA5 wobEIsmAtz Wbc9MEQxc§aK6. wª2 their own thoughts, feelings and behaviours, and trying to understand magazine wl3Dyz wªy3u4 X3âiymAts§a7m5. bm5hjz wl3DyctQ5gk5 them. This is where a person’s cultural identity is crucial. Culture is like

cspmt5yAts§6 hâ5 w9oEIs7m¯b, hâ9l gCZ5nMEs7m¯b a blueprint for life. It tells the members of a cultural group what is val- MAKIVIK 31 wl3dy5tA5 rNsiK5 Cultural Identity

x7ml ck6 bm4fx gÇá5 WIsA8Nm¯b. xÌb5yxEIsJ5 xˆNyxEIsJ9l ued, what goals are important and how to achieve these goals. gip§aJ5 bm5huz wl3Dys2 X3Nymstzi4 xzJ3çEIsJk5, Ì4fxl Grandparents transmit this cultural blueprint to parents, who, gipix3tlQ5 eg3zuk5. bm8N whmQgxD[s4, wl3Dy6 bf5nst5yJ6 in turn, pass it on to their children. If you think about it, a cul- X3Nymstu4 wªo3iu5 wl[3bsi6 trst5hA. hNoµ5 wo5yIsQxø5, ture offers a detailed blueprint from the cradle to the grave. ck6 wo5yIsJ5nsm¯b, ck6 xyuk5 WsycExc3m¯3u, x7ml hNi4 Everything from what needs to be learned, how it should be Wsy3i4 w9oEIsJc3m¯5 x7ml N9oq5 N7mq5©m¯b, learned, how to treat others, and what behaviours kwbtbs§5 r9oc5yxgj5 Nlâ3bsmJj5 wl3Dy3j5. are valued and which ones are unacceptable, are r9oc5yxgu4 wo3DycgxCu4 rNgw8N6 grymA8Nix3g6 all described in a clearly defined culture. With a rN9MEs7m¯3u. clearly defined culture, a person is in a position xyxA5 bm8N bf8ˆbsicD8NuJ6, rNgw8N6 to understand who they are. bf8ˆD8NCI3g6 wl3Dyui4 b3C©t3ÔI3tlA x7ml Put another way, a person can look to their rsA8Nli xWEsti4 N7ui6 rNsi3uªozJi4. culture as if it was a mirror, and answer ques- s5©tQlA, wl3DyCk5 cspmtbsKz bm4fx rNZM4f5 tions about who they are personally. For example W[cD8NExq5 i5Il5Ìt5yA8Ni3u4 ekw5©i3ul. my culture tells me how musical and patient cspmtbs§a7uJz bm4fx w9oN3gm¯b WsyE5hQ5. Öm the average person is. It also tells me if these bm5hjz wl3Dy3tA5 grymst5nc3if5 cspmA8No3dz, are valued characteristics. So from this cultural yK9oÙu N7ui6 i5Il5Ìt5yyxD8Nm¯3m ekw5©m¯3m¬8î5 information I can figure out, first, whether I am

s{?¬8î5 etzîgw8N§a7m¯3m, x7ml gzozA5, CHESLEY MESHER personally musical and patient or whether I am wl3DyCk5 cspmtbsix3Sz WJEstc3gns7m¯3m5 just average, and second, my culture will tell me bm4fiz WsyEA8Nb4vi4. wl3Dyct4vk5 WJ8Ni3nsicDm W5JtQlA whether or not I should be proud to have these characteris- i5Il5Ìt5yA8NisJ6 ekw5©i3l, cspmtbsMzKz rN9MEs7m¯3m. tics. If I am higher than the average member of my cultural x7ml, wl3DyCk5 w9oDh5tbsAm WsyE§4vi4 Öm S3gJu4 N7ui6 group with respect to music and patience, it will help me know WJEstc3ixSz. Öm, rNoµ5yxf5 r1åm5yic3S5 r9oc5yxgu4 who I am. And, if my culture values these characteristics then I wl3Dyc3iu4 wvJ3yixgu4 wk7u4 bf8î3ui4 N7ui6 x7ml b=Zz5 will have high self-esteem. Thus, every person needs a clearly N7ui6 bf8î3uA5 W?9oxt5yA8Nix3g5 N7ui6 WJEstcD8Ni3ui4. defined culture to help him or her form an image of who they are personally, and then from that image of the self, they can c9lˆk5 trbsymi6, wkw9l wl3Dyz x7ml N7ui6 develop self-esteem. WJEstc3i6 ckwqyx3gu4 N7ui6 WJEstcExcgxDi wk7u4 cspmJcExo4 Colonization, Inuit Culture and Self-Esteem rNs7m¯3u, x7ml N7ui6 cspmQxcgxDt4 wkw5 r9oc5yxgu4 To have a healthy self-esteem a person must know who wl3DycExø5. yKixA5 x9MMsJQKz mr{[s2 eu3Dxq8i kwb- they are, and in order to know who they are people need a sMsJi4 sçAtc3hz ck6 bEs2 xrxius5 clearly defined culture. In my previous arti- tr{[c3g[is7m¯b kN[7usi4 §3l m3Îi4 cle for Makivik Magazine we discussed how ®No7ui4 n[3Jxos÷3ht4. xò9˜, bEs2 the coming of Europeans to Nunavik was xrxius5 kÌi4 nNmJi4 trs5pymJ5, ryxi, a double-edged sword. Yes, Europeans trymi3uA5, h4ftEymJ5 wkw5 wl3Dy3tA5 brought new technology, but they also, wªyEymIq8i4. bm8N grc3S6 wµ4 bm8N through colonization, reduced the Inuit wkw5 wl3Dyz, r9oc5yxg7mEsym5hi cultural way of life. What this means is bEs2 xrxiusk5 trbsMs3tNQ5, NlN3y- that Inuit culture, which was very clear ymt9lA trbsymogxCu4. wkw5 r9oc5yxgu4 before contact with Europeans, became wl3DycExø5 cspmQxcgxDt4 rNs7m¯3u4 very confused as a result of that contact. x7ml W?9oxt5yAtQlA N7ui6 WJEstc3iu4. People need a clear culture in order to know bEs2 xrxiusk5 trbsymisJ6 wkw5 who they are and in order to develop self- wl3Dyzi4 r9oc5yxt5yA8âym7m5 esteem. European colonization has made x7ml s9lu NlN3güo3hi. bm5hjz bZ Inuit culture unclear and it is currently in a wkw5 xuh7m‰5 whw9osDtc§aK5 MARYTOOKTOO confused state. This is why so many people N7ui6 WJEstc5yx§aqi3u4. N7ui6 cspmic1qfi grc3m5 suffer from low self-esteem. No clear culture means no possibil- W?9oxt5yAt5ncD8âli W?9oxt5yAt5nu4 ckwqyxgu4 N7ui6 ity to learn about the self. No knowledge about the self means WJEstc3iu4. no opportunity to develop a healthy self-esteem. N7ui6 WJEstc3i6 WsyQx3bsixqg6 gê8Ng3tA5 wk8i4 WsJu4 Self-esteem will not be improved by directly trying to whmt5yqgxD5b WsyzªozJi4. s2WEIc3Sz ckwqyxgu4 N7ui6 make people feel better about themselves. I believe a healthy WJEstcD8NyixExu4 bm4fx kN[7us5 N7ui6 r9oÌ3tyQx5yxXb self-esteem will only be realized when Nunavimmiut them- r9oc5yxgu4 wkw5 wl3DyztA5 wob3ymstzi4 bm5hm1z5 bEs2 selves redefine a clear Inuit cultural identity from the ravages eu3Dxq5 xrixi5 trbsymi5tk5 ÖàotbsymJu5. of colonization. mr[4

32 wkw5 x3â5 kN[7us5 Nlâ3yAtz5 i¯8i6 k3cMs3o tE9los5 !u $j5 @))%, x3â5 kNo8i5 xgi5 kN[7us5 yñWu9l vtMsJK5 S[3i©2 gxX÷q8i sçctŒ5ht4 whmQI3ui4 W5JtQ5hQ5 Wlv8î5 kNo7ui. Ì4fx x3â5 Nlâ3yAtosMsJK5. Nunavik Inuit Women's Manifesto Stop Violence From August 1st to 4th, 2005, one representative from each Nunavik community met at a camp near Puvirnituq to discuss violence in their communities. These women adopted the present manifesto xfislxo3m5 cspm1qy3gDmA8âC5tQ5 i¯8iî5, W÷3§tî5, For too long now we have been witnessing the rise of violence and its v2WxñEî5, x3dˆ3tEî9l h3êymJ7mEslxo3mb s?5ti4, impact on us, on our children, and on our society in general. eg3zt8i, w¬8Â9l kN[7usi4 k3cd9MEo3cK5. We can no longer watch from the sidelines as violent acts continue cspm1qy3gbsdpA8âdA5 iXcDb- to permeate our society. We wish to break the walls of silence s5ÖodpA8âhbl i¯8ii3u4¡ surrounding violence! wªctŒ5yxc5bD8NymiK5, wvJ3t- The future of Nunavik lies with our Œ5yxc5bymiK9l, vJyQx9Md?K5. children. We wish to assert the right eg3zK5 vmQIs5yxdZ5tQ5 ãmlt4 for our children to grow in peace t3oN3gü9lt4 WD3Xoxd9lQ5. and security, and only in this way wkAw5yxChx¯3iu4 eg3zt8i4 will the cycle of violence be put whµ¬tc¯§Ai3nsA5b i¯i6 to an end. ryxi k3cD8Nd6. xÖ¡ i¯i3u4 GWlv8iu4H Nq3y[cMs3b¡ We Inuit women of Nunavik demand that violence directed x3Nshb €8it3bsAm§A1qMA5, against women and children eg3zt8il x3dN3bsdpZb must stop. Child sexual abuse N9oxA9¬î5 tu4f5 whm4f¬8î5 is absolutely intolerable MARYTOOKTOO xN3Cb wlxi. s?A5 x3NsJA5 and must end. All types of xJw8NChx§aKA5 eg3zK5 violence, whether physical sMW3nstc5yxgüd5hQ5. v2Wxñ3bsixlw5, dkJ3ixbsixlw5, or psychological, against women and children must cease to occur. Wlv5bsixlw5 ckoµ6 xN3Ct8îd1qmE2XK5¡ xsM5IExDtQIs1qfil bm8N Wsy3§tsQxc1qmE5g6 If we continue to not act against violence, our children and we will ÌKzoµ6 vJygw8NMzK5 hêCb3li. eg3zK5 continue to bear the scars, for inaction perpetuates the cycle of i¯Ist1qMs3MK5¡ i¯i6 k3cMs3o¡ violence. i¯8iJ[i6 whmQJ8â[soDi Wlv8i[i3uk5 When a violent perpetrator is being forgiven, the forgiveness must XyIs1q©AtcExc1qM6. not translate into immunity for abusers. kNø5 yKo3tq5, xzJ3cs†5 WNh{[i, wvJ3†5, N9oxgw8Nl Authorities must act against violence and end the impunity. gn3?M5bsA8NCI3g5 i¯8iu4 GWlv8iu4H k3ct5yQxMs3o5¡ The women of Nunavik demand social justice for their communities. wkw5 r=Zg3tq5, wk8k5 kN[7usk5 iDx3bsymJ5 bm3ul tudtq5, v?à9l, i¯i3u4 k3ct5yQxMs3o5, ñ9ME9lA Our organizations — Nunavik local and regional authorities as well i¯i6 GWlv8i6H k3cME1qioµzi. ß5©t5yxaQxc3iy as the federal and provincial governments — must deal with the n3etQxMs3ys4¡ epidemic of violence. kN[7usoµ5, kN[7ul tusJ5 eu3DyxExø5 Ì8N Nlâ3yAtoxK5 All Nunavimmiut are invited to reflect on this manifesto, adopt it and act nS5pIs5yxExc3m5 xqDttA5. kN[7u wªyK5 ã7mX9oxdlA. against the violence that affects our communities, so that our hearts, our souls magazine and our lives may focus on creating a better life for all Nunavimmiut. MAKIVIK MAKIVIK

33 Wix3iK5 Piniarnivut

øn dW3Dxl4, gnc5bstAtoEi3u4 WNh5t Lisa Koperqualuk, Communications Officer

wk4t©5 x©tA8Ni5ti Nîo3ebV Where are we in our capacity for Inuktittut?

y8N©mtg5 whmQIsMsJ7m5 wk4tg5 scsyK5 ßmt5yxq8Nix3lA The dream was to ensure that Inuktittut remained alive and well and kN[7usoµ9l wkw5, wk7mEsZlxDt4 WxCsZlxDt9¬î5 wk4tg5 that all Inuit in Nunavik, whether they were adults or children, would sç5yxq8ND8Nix3tlQ5. bm8N Öàozt9lA gryN3g6 x9Mix3hQ5 continue to speak Inuktittut completely. This is the sense we get when !(*@at9lA wkgò5 vtmiz8i S[3igu scsyEIsMs3ymJ5, we see the proceedings of the 1982 elders conference held in Puvirnituq, bm8Nl scsyEIs?5hi x3ÇAbµ5yx6 !(*)ui5 n3etbsMs3ymt9lA organized almost every year since the Avataq Cultural Institute was x?b6 WsygcoE[4. created in 1980. vt1zî5 wMq8i whµlAtcc5bymJ5 sçAy3u4. During that particular conference some of the concerns listed were xbsy3u4 x3Nu4 wkgw8Nu4 sc3gc3ym7uJ6 sçhaoEx5ti4 about how we spoke. One Inuk woman stated how we sc3bt8i4 WI‰1qhb. ß5gCstQlA xuh5 scD9os§5 ‘q’ were starting to speak and not complete our sen- MJu4 wào1q¯3ht4 ‘q8Nm’. bm8N scsyEIs1axhi tences. For instance, most people were saying kwMs3g[isJ5nsJ6 xuhi scsy3i “ngi” rather than the complete “nginnama”. Öà¬§a7mb. scsbsc5bym7uJ6 This was probably a slang expression, scs¥3yo3iK5, Wsygc3ªozJilx1ax6 such as occurs in any language. xg3bs§aA8âgi4. ß5gCst5nyx6 Also listed was the loss of certain bmguz xyspi5ti4 Wsygc3ªozJ5 vocabulary, especially language s9lu xg3bs§aA8âCu4 related to specific traditions sc3bs§aA8âg5. cspms¥5 that are being discontinued. scs¥9l x9lys3gk5 xg3bsc5bymJ5 An example of this type of cspmIsA8âg5. loss would be knowledge sN whµl8NuJ6 wk4tg5 and terminology related so3âyAtosExc3i6. Ìjy to hunting seals through dm6 WNhxMs3ymJ6 w7uie5hi breathing holes. so3âyAtos3hi. WN§†5 kÌ1aX9oxJ5 Another concern xg3bsA8NyxClx3tlQ5 WNhx3bq8i4 was the work being done

wvJDtslt4 who5tyAtsym7uJ5 wk4tg5 to produce an Inuktittut dic- LISA KOPERQUALUK x9MAyoµi4 kw5yA8Nym1qNu4. xuh5 wkw5 tionary. At that time, Tamusi Qumaq was working, virtually on his own, sçAtcc5bMsJ5 xyspIsiê5ht4 x9MAy3i4 to ﬁnish a dictionary. While the technology was present to aid in com- G’É’, ‘Ñ’, ‘Ö’ xyq8ilH sçAtcc5bht9l Ì4fx wk4tg5 piling Inuktittut words, technology was also placing its limits on the use x9MA¥5 „I3bsymiq8i4 xqDtsymt8NQ5 Öà8izk5 of syllabics in the writing system. Several Inuit spoke about the loss of ˆ7mQIsc5bMsJ1qg6. Gbm8N ÖàMeymJ6 Ne5bstgò5 a full vowel variant of syllabics (“ai”, “pai”, “tai” and so on) and how this xu§1qgi4 x9MA8Nc5bMsJ7mb. s9luso3go w¬8Nyxt4 part of the Inuktittut writing system had been removed without our wk4tg5 x9MA¥5 Wbc§ao3g5, Nf3mb kÌi4 x9Mstxl8i4 approval, quite inappropriately. (This phenomenon was caused by Ne5bsti9l kwt5yymJ5.H the limitations of the older IBM Selectric typewriters, which could han- Ì4fx W5JtQ5hQ5 xyq9l, wkgò5 vt1ziz8i dle only three columns of syllabic characters. Nowadays the full set of grÌoMsJ5 scsyoEi3u4 vt1zpc3gnsizi4 syllabic characters is back in use, thanks to improved printing and type- WsomIs5yxdlA Ü9lxbs5yxdlAl wk4tg5 scsy6 setting technology.) vmpsix3lt9l wk4tg5 scsy3u4. For these reasons and more, the elders conference decided that a Öm1zi5 scsyoEi3u4 vt1zic§ao3g5 kN[7u language commission should be set up to ensure the preservation and pro- wk4tg5 scsys2 É2Xzªèº5Fgñº5, wo8ixt5yº5, wo8ix†5 motion of Inuktittut and act as the watchdog over Inuktittut issues. wkgò9l vtctŒ5ht4. x?b4fi wk4tg5 scsy3i4 Since then, annual terminology workshops have been held in x9MymA†5 kxbsymJ5 csbµ5 xg3bs§aA8âg5 kÌ9l Nunavik with the participation of Inuktittut language translators/inter- scs¥5 s9lu wªyso3©u xg3bs?5g5 €8ixys3iËozJ5, preters, educators, students, and elders. Avataq carries a database of WdIoEi3j5, Wix3ioEi3j5 xyq8kl. Inuktittut terminology that includes a collection of Inuktittut words that x?b6 WNhxDtc3ymJ7mE4 x3ÇAi4 x?t9l are no longer in daily use and a collection of new terminology adapted b9om9li4 xiA3gi4 Ü9lxDtc9ME5hi wk4tg5 scsy3u4 to the modern society we live in today containing new words from the csbµ3yst5ti4. ryxi WNhx3bsQxc7mEq8Ng6 wk4tg5 ﬁelds of medicine, law, politics and so on. scsy6 h4fX9oxm5 sxD5ybs?5hi c9lˆtg5. csbµ5 Avataq has done much work related to language over the past eu3Dxq5 sçJ5 wk4tg5 c9lˆtg9l sxD5ygw§a7mb s9luso3g6 25 years, which has truly promoted the use of Inuktittut in our daily

mr[4 kN[7us5 wkw5. activities. Yet more work needs to be done concerning the erosion of 34 Wix3iK5 Piniarnivut

bmgm whµl8Niz sçAtso‰Ms3ymJ6 !(*@u Inuktittut because the mixing of Inuktittut with English is occurring in vt1zic3tlQ5. Ìjy dm6 scMs3ym7m5 ‘wkw4 greater frequency. Both languages are being combined into the daily scsyzi4 nS7uZhx§aKA5 grymJx¬if5tª1qg6 ryxi speak that most Inuit of Nunavik are aware of nowadays. nS7uZ5nsJEZ5tA. wvJD8Ngoµk5 wvJ3bsQxc3SA5 csp- Concerns about this were already being echoed in the 1982 confe- mJk5, wk4tg5 won3bsv8idpJ5 eg3zui4. hDyx„5 rence. Tamusi Qumaq said, “We work to protect the Inuit language not i[x3yxl c9lˆtg5 sçAt§ao3g5 s9lu. Ì4fx because we have a great knowledge of the language, but because we eg3zsJ5 xzJ3çD˜3uJ5. wk4t©D8Nyx1qft4 eg3zq5 feel that we need to protect it. We need all the help we can get from peo- wo5yA8N˜1qg5. Öà7m5 W7mEsK6 ple who have the knowledge. One wishes Inuktittut were taught more xJw8NstcExc3iK5 scsyK5 to schoolchildren. Young boys and girls speak English to each other gdgw8NdNA.’ these days. One day these children will be parents. If they barely speak x3ÇAw5 x?t9l b9om9l ’wkw4 Inuktittut, their children will not learn it. That’s why it’s important that efforts be maintained so that our language doesn’t die.” xiA3g5, scD8NgA5 scsyzi4 wkgw8â5 xi3Cui !))¶u4 Twenty-five years ago, we could claim that 100 percent of Inuit spoke scsy3ui4 xg5yxD8NMsJ5. nS7uZhx§aKA5 only Inuktittut in their homes. Today’s statistics show us s9lu cspnDtsymJtA5 grymJx¬if5tª1qg6 that over 95 percent speak Inuktittut in their homes. gryA8NgA5 (%¶ wk4tg5 ryxi nS7uZ5n- So even though Inuktittut may be one of the stron- gest aboriginal languages in Canada, it is in danger. xi3Cu sç§aiq8i4. sJEZ5tA.’ wk4tg5 scsy6 kNc3çymJ5 We hear and interact with youth today who are spea- scsy3i xg3bq8i §ai3Xsc- king a mixed language of Inuktittut and English, we tsq8NClx3hi vNbu, x5bN3güo3g6. work daily in languages other than our own, and s9lu s[Z3gi4 sçctcogxC5b gñ§aJA5 there is a very strong expectation among Inuit scsyo8i4 sxDtŒi4 wk4tg5 c9lˆtg9l, parents that their children must know English csbµ9l WNhx§a5hb scsyE1qb5ti4 or French in order to have a job. xg3hb, xuh9l eg3zosJ5 eg3zui4 In an article in the June 25th, 2006 iEs{[o7mEs5ht4 WQs3ymd5hQ5 c9lˆtg5 edition of New York Times, author Clifford AwAwtg9¬î5 WNhZc5yxixDt4. Krauss explained the findings of Thomas x9MymJi Ôi @%, @))ât9lA isJx4u Berger in his report to the federal minister eu3DxZs§i x9Mt roK5 fÇ+ gryt5yMsJ6 Ìm+ of Indian Affairs. He writes that 75 percent of Í5J gn3tyAtox[iq8i4 v?mgc4f5 ui+bzk5 Nunavut's 30,000 people speak Inuktittut as their kNc3çymJoEi3j5. sc3ymJ6 &%¶q5 kNÓ7us5 first language while the principal language of #),))) wkw5 wk4tg5 sçA8NiC3hQ5 scsy3çE5hA the government remains English. Thus, Berger v?m4f5 scsyc3tlQ5 c9lˆtg5. Í5J WI‰3hi concludes, “’the people of the new territory scClx3uhil wµ4 ‘wkw5 bmguz kNÌ3cu3g5 speak a language which is an impediment scsy3u4 wo5yQxc§5 WNhxDmgxDt4 N7ui6 to obtaining employment in their own WNhx3[ui.’ Ìjy dms2 whµ¬tQMs3ym2Xs4 public service.’" If Tamusi Qumaq was Ö5hmiso3g6 s9lu whµlAtcExc9ME2SA5 — concerned then we should be deeply v2Wxhx9MymQxco3dAx9˜5¡ concerned today — in fact we should @))%at9lA cspn3†5 f8yox7 be alarmed! gn3tyAtcMsJ7uJ5 wk4tg5 scsy6 In 2005, Consilium, an inde- xyq9l kNc3çymJ5 scsyq5 pendent consulting firm, submit- MARYTOOKTOO nS7uþsJ5nsiq8i4 Ü9lxEAtslt9l ted a Report on Inuktittut and Other x?bs2 WZhx3Xbztg5. Ì8N Indigenous Language Protection and Promotion gn3tyAtoxaMsJ6 g1z[Q5hA x?b4f5 kw5yMsJ5 Models to Avataq. This report led Avataq to create a planning commit- X3Ntsix3gi4 vt1zpi4 †y7WE @))%at9lA tee in December 2005 that would clarify the language situation today. gryN3ty5yxix3gi4 wk4tg5 scsy6 ckwozo3m¯5 Plans have moved ahead to do a diagnostic of the language situation s9lu. cspnDtsix3gi4 scsy3u4 n3etbsJc3ymo3g6 today at the community level with the participation of youth, workpla- kNo8i wMQIst9lQ5 s[Z3gw5, WNhx3[sJ5, wkgò5 ces, elders, as well as political actors. A pilot project was done at the Wix3ioEº9l. ß5gCstu4 x©tMsJ7uJ5 à2 b3ezi @))û end of May 2006 in Inukjuak, and the workshops that have been held wk5Jxu, vtmixDyc3ht4 Ì8N xg3bsc5b˜3g6 xyq8k5 there will serve as a model for all the other Nunavik communities in the kN[7u kNo8k5 x3ÇAu òJu. gryN5yxDtsZI3gu4 wk4tg5 coming year. It is hoped that the diagnostic will serve to show a clear scsy6 ckwozo3m¯5 cspnDtc˜3g5 bft5yAtsZI3gi4 picture of the Inuktittut language situation and clearly show the popu- wk8i4 v?mi9l xsM5IExDtsQxo8i4 scsyK5 wk4tg5 lation and other interests, such as government, the actions needed to vJyt8ixD5tA §aÔtlAl. keep our language alive and strong. magazine MAKIVIK MAKIVIK

35 x4Ñ5: §aic3insK5 xuhwa5ht4 x9Mbq5 €bu coa2 Akpyte: Strength In Numbers By Adamie Kalingo

yK9oÙu x4XZñl8i4 vt1zstJxl8i4 bfIEsMs3ymKz My ﬁrst encounter with the largest colony of thick-billed murres Wz§J3gi4 srsc3hz ybmsJ1qZ3gÌEx[8inso3hz sux3ghb happened on our voyage by sea in a 40-foot wooden boat when I was sux4f5 yKj5 brio4f5 $)i4 wtZ8i4. six years old, going on seven. We travelled all s9loµÇl wMŒa5hb sux3gMs3ymJA5 day as a family in a borrowed boat, as we were suxu4 x5bgxc3hb xs9˜Ms3ymZ5b n9lk5 moving on to the bigger and more prosperous kNos5hi Wbc3inj5 x7ml xqi3nj5; village of Salluit; then called "Sugluk". Ivujivik, c9lˆ3tg5 Ö5hmi Ös?Ms3g6 ‘n4M4u4’, at that time spelled "Ivugivik", was nothing wKp[4 c9lˆtg5 x9MbsmAtc3tlA wµ4 more than a Roman Catholic Mission building ‘wK4p[4’, Ì8N kNo4 kNo9l©IMs3ym1qg6 surrounded by Inuit tents and shacks. I think ho Ö5hmi w5yC3Jxf8k5 g5yx[7u there were three other families doing exactly N2Ñm[gw8Ns÷Ms3ymZu Ì4fx the same thing as ours that summer, but I can't w9lJxdtogaym7mb wkw5 gW3usl recall whether they were in diﬀerent boats in

w9lAl[i3usli WZlx3tlQ5. SAMMY KUDLUK the same voyage. Wzhwa3ÚMs3ymJA5 n9lk suxtA5 As the boat’s engine puttered along, the xs9˜hb, ryu xsMp1qgz xyqtA5 suxtÅ3im¯bl8î5 birds flew off the cliffs in tremendous numbers. Qavavauq, white teacup xg3btÅ3im¯bl8î5. beside him, moved the tiller side to side with determination, making sux5 xsMstq5 wq3CsZ3tlQ5, t1uxZñlw5 w8ˆl8i5 sure we didn’t hit any rocks under the swift currents. Someone shouted, tqs3cgx¬vb5ymJ5. c??s6, cf3bu4 “Qilalugaaluit!” I saw the white beluga whale †gtu4 ni7uhi, xdtu4 xsM5y- they were talking about. For some particular Ms3ymJ6, sIÇ3ÖoZhx3hi wq3Ci4ƒ- reason, no one shot at it. gx¬oC5b. suxüctK5 iWE5©hi w¬8Nbo dz5nax3gA5 b2Xsz Little did I know I’d return to those same òZoMs3ymJ6 wµ4,’eMl¯lw5¡’ cf3bu4 €3lz5hb x4Ùl8i4 Gx4XZñl8i4 cliffs of Kinginniyuaq (Highest Point) and eMlZ3u4 bfoMs3ymJz. hËZlx4rx6 bf8NhbH b2Ùi w8ˆDxl8i. bm3u4 Uummanaq (That Which Resembles a Heart) eMlZ3gcChMs3ym1qg6 drEx3b- bsg5bK5 bbuymZMgw8NN3tlQ4. — this time in 1973 by freighter canoe. I’d been sMs3ym1qm5. bm4fx bf5nsiq5 hired by the Northern Quebec Inuit Association Ö5hmist9lA cspmMs3ym1qgz sc3bsJ8Nq5g5. swb“1zo3hb to head a small team of Inuit to administer Ì4fkz w8ˆDxl8k5 st5nCI3uQxu4 ÌKz xJá9osj5 wMqtA5 iWE5©hb the populations of Salluit, Ivujivik, Puvirnituq rq8iJx3j5 Gd5yi3ÙzH x7ml ß7mN3j5 i9oc5bClx3hb wµ4, ‘€™1, ò¡’ (Povungnituk), Inukjuak (Port Harrison) and Gß7mts÷3gj5H — x3ÇÅ6 !(&#ao3tlA Kuujjuaraapik (Great Whale River). stoMs3ym7uJz cIEx4ƒzo3uhzo. All of us were smiling as we gazed Akulivik and Umiujaq didn’t really exist as WNh5tbsMs3ymZm fÑ4 b3Czi wkw5 upwards at the akpaaluit (awesome villages in 1973. We had hired Issaki Padlayat vg5pctŒ8ifq8k5 xsM5ypQIstbs5hz murres) and the innaarruit (cliffs). to transport us. Issaki used to live in Ivujivik, kNø5 n9lw5, wKp[4, S[3ig wk5Jx6 Both sights were just mesmerizing so he knew the area well. x7ml ƒ4JxÇWs2 wkgw8Nq8i4 Soon after we had a tea break at and unbelievable. Words could not ry4yic3tlQ5. Kangiqsualuk (Big Bay, or the ruins of Ö5hmist9lA xfo[9l susI3l describe the scene. With eyes wide in Wolstenholme Post), we rounded Eric Cove, then kNos9MECbMs3ym1q©4. Énr X9M÷5u4 amazement, some of us exclaimed, again rounded Anaulirvik (Cape Wolstenholme). xsMQxc3it8i4 vmpQ5hA WNh5t- pointing, “Look at those! Look over By then the birds were constantly streaming yMs3ymJA5. Énr wKp[7usac5bym7uZu there!” And as we looked, we shouted, past us this way and that in the wind. They Ì?5hm kNzi4 cspm5yxg7mEx¬M- “Wow! Hey!” were everywhere, like a great swarm of mos- s3ym7m5. quitoes. Now and then an incredibly foul smell raizi xfis9lxq5g6 †gChxyMs3y- of their dung would come, blown in our direc- mJA5 vq3hxl7u4 Gvq3hmExl4 is[3tk5 tion by the wind. kNym[sJ[is7m5 w9l[iq5 Ì?î5g5H, kKxl4ƒu5hbl, All of us were smiling as we gazed upwards at the akpaaluit (awe- eu3Dxq5 raizA9l xNso3[s2 kKzi çq7uhb Ì8N kKxl4 fÑ4 some murres) and the innaarruit (cliffs). Both sights were just mesmerizing

mr[4 kNo3Jxzb b3Cu kK9lgz. bmsˆo3tlb t1uxZñlw5 and unbelievable. Words could not describe the scene. With eyes wide in 36 xxxxxxxxxx Story title

m8î5 Wrsn3bsŒ3ymoEu4 kNo7u xu3çDts§5. ADAMIE KALINGO The collected eggs are gathered and shared by the community. dMs5tQvbMs3ymIK5. Nioµ5yx©I3ht4, §3l r5gExZñl5tg5 amazement, some of us exclaimed, pointing, “Look at those! Look over xu§tQo3ht4. trbsosu÷3uhbl xN3ixlq8k5 xkEj5 ne[sgxC5b there!” And as we looked, we shouted, “Wow! Hey!” âc5bhQ5. One thick-billed murre is an akpak and is not really all that impres- w¬8Nbo dz5nax3gA5 b2Xsz €3lz5hb x4Ùl8i4 sive by itself. Two of them are called akpaak. Three or more of Gx4XZñl8i4 bf8NhbH b2Ùi w8ˆDxl8i. bm3u4 them are akpyte. And when they congregate on those cliffs bsg5bK5 bbuymZMgw8NN3tlQ4. bm4fx bf5nsiq5 or are flying around, you really have no choice but to call sc3bsJ8Nq5g5. swb“1zo3hb xJá9osj5 them akpaaluit because they are truly awesome. wMqtA5 iWE5©hb i9oc5bClx3hb wµ4, ‘€™1, Akpyte have a white underside that reaches ò¡’ upwards into a point under their throats. Their heads xbsysgxCu4 x4XsiC3bsJ6, bfuN3gxW- and backsides are jet black. Their wings are also black s÷Cil Ì8N©gxCu. m3ÎoCu4 x4ÙMIs§4. Wz§gxCu4 on top but grey underneath. They are 43 to 48 centi- ADAMIE ALAKU xu§i3nsht9lî5 x4Ñ5MIs5ht4. xuh3JxÇlogxCu4 metres in length. They have black webbed feet. They fly in bs4fNi w8ˆDxl8i s{?¬8î5 tqm5ht4, x4Ùlw5MIs§5, flocks, flapping their wings swiftly. bm8Nl sc3bsAtQ§E?z5 Ì4fx xhÅ6 bfuN3gxl7mb. Their diet consists of tiny ocean-going fish we call quleeligyte, which x4Ñ5 ûA5 w4Qxu8k5 tr5ht4 cf3g5. ixdq9l døq9l they catch in the depths of the water. They will first swim on water, then e3ib9MExl5ht4. wnDc3ht4 e3ibi4 xtuA5 yN3Ni4. xqic§5 dive for a couple of minutes. One can see an akpak with a catch that it $#-$* u5yt8i h3ctDts2 will then deliver to its young wait- b3ñWq8i4 bric3ht4. ing on a rocky ledge. wtZc3ht4 wm3usb5nIi4. tqm§5 Akpavineet (ones that used to xuhwÇl5ht4, wnD?3Jxht4. be a thick-billed murre) were eaten iec3ht4 døoZ3i4, x3cs- raw in the past. Nowadays, Inuit pre- m5ht4 iEI5nÌE?5bu8i4. wµs2 fer to boil them. No one has ever d˜i Sw5JMsv§5, x3cixoCu4 come across a fatty akpaviniq. When xfis1qg6 x3csmc5bht4. boiled, the meat is brown, much wMzi4 bf5ns§6 x4X6 like the colour of a nirliviniq (one døoz3i4 y4Au5tlA eg3zui4 that used to be a greater Canada iE4ÜAtQMzIu8i4 sb3eIsZu goose). Its liver is among the best b2Ùi w8ˆD3u. there is. Many Inuit will dip the meat

x4X[î5 iEIs?Ms3g5 xNso3[s2 nixî5g5 x2Ñ5. ADAMIE KALINGO in misiraq (rendered beluga whale cMmt8NQ5. s9luo, wkw5 Akpyte gather on cliﬀ ledges near Anaulirvik. oil) for taste. magazine iEAh8ins§ao3g5 ßJoxEmJi4. x4X[i3u4 dwiJ[i3u4 Akpyte start arriving in little numbers when there’s still plenty of ice

bfMs3ymJc1qg6. sJoxaymogxCu4, iez vJ§6, and snow in March. They are drawn to swift waters that generate ﬁsh, as MAKIVIK 37 xxxxxxxxxx Story title

i3o[isI3hi. taz taw5 xyu nix8i mm3iX5yx6. wkw5 xuh5 tazi4 iE§5 uyC3u4 u§5bDtQ5hA GeMlZs2 s3hzi4 uy3eyxaymJu4H mm3gmExl7m5 Öµ4 iE5hA. x4Ñ5 trs3cX9oxy§5 yK9oÙu wr5©N3tht4 yfox-

¬q8Nt9lA xStox¬q8N- ADAMIE KALINGO X3 eM4 x2Xbo“1z6. t9lAl. trAhAtc§aZu4 wm3u4 The sky is filled with Akpyte. wq3CJu4, wà5 wq3CJ5 ßmJc3i- fast moving waters tend to have more wildlife than still waters. By May mJC3g6 Wrsn3hi. ns7mb wm3i5 ev3gi5. àul and June, they are pretty well established at their same little corner of Climbing for eggs. Ôiul, wi9Mym5yxo§5 x3Çi the world that they were at the previous year. It’s known that they can NJMsJ7uI9lxuk5 st3ht4. cspmISj5 x3ÇA3i @!i wMq5 live for as long as 21 years but it may be true they can live a lot longer. ßmA8NExq5 ryxio @! x3ÇAw5 szÌk5 ßmA8NgEIs§aK5. By necessity, they produce munneet (eggs) on those rocky ledges m8iopsZu4 m8ib§5 w8ˆD3i Ôis2 b3ez xg3ggcso3tlA. by late June. Each egg is slightly different in size and a lot different in col- m8ioIq5 x5pŒ5tic1qg5 xqi3uA9l bs5guA9l. wMq5 cf3bŒè5, our. Some are pale blue to the point of almost being white, while others wMq9l gaJ3b„5 e3ibi4 b3n˜5ht4. are aquamarine with black splotches. They &i4 h3ctDts2 b3ñWq8i4 xqiZMø5 are about seven centimetres long and are x7mlrbsoziq9l gusIs5ht4 §3l shaped like hot air balloons, making them S[Cs5ht4 czbAts§tg5, Öà4vu4 harder to roll off the ledges. x5nÏisI1qi3nsJ5 w8ˆD3i5. The eggs are much sought after by the m8iq5 WIsJmJ7mExlw5 wKp- Inuit of the village in early July, as soon as [7usk5 WIs§a5ht9l Jä b3ez the danger of floe ice is over and travelling WQx3cusogx3m5, yfk5 x{[xbs- 18 kilometres to Uummanaq on Qikirtaseet A8ângx3mb x7ml xsMA8Nygx3mb (one of the two islands forming Digges ß7mN3j5 er3by3îgj5 Ger3Ì4 m3Îmî4H Islands) is relatively safe, as deemed by the Nqx3Ngdbs9lx§a1qg5 xatk5 young men. s[Z3gk5. It takes a hearty breed to get there and WJ8Nyx3gk5 ryxi sXZ5nsJ5 yet a harder breed to free-climb the high, WA8Ni3nQx9MsQxc3ut9lQ5 w8NtA5 slippery ledges. Toting buckets attached to mJC§5, Wx5gxl7mb e4Aw5. c5bi4 iDux3ht4 x5hˆfÌk5 eM5ymhQ5, long ropes, the lively young men patiently collect the eggs until the con- s[Z3gw5 xa†5 m8ibsZ§5 c5bq5 bb1qioµq8i. bbgx3mb tainers are filled. Then they hang the buckets on down to the next man c5bui4 x5hˆ4f5 x3ct5yixoCu4 x9ouî5gj5 xatj5 €5hA until the men in the canoes empty them into a bigger container. Ì8N É5gbz x9ouî7uJj5bs6 É5gwixo3um5 Öàl3hQ5 cIExj5 The ledges are streaming with urine and dung and are extremely trCb3iox3mb m8î5 m8ibstj9l xqi3nj5 g3dbs5ht4. dirty and odorous. w8ˆDw5 e4Aq5 wtD3kl xN3kl ƒZ5nmE5g5 nlà5gXs÷l5ht4 However, we all know it is what's inside those eggs that counts mà5g“1¯lw5. most and it is the only chance the young men will be able to distribute Öà4vlx3tlA cspmJA5 Ö4fx m8î5 hNi4 wloc3m¯b the eggs to the 56 households of the village. And the eggs are much in Ì8NlbZ W/sAmi3XsK6 s[Z3gwl xa†5 m8ig3tyA8N[gxE5his24 demand. A large crowd of Inuit will greet the couple of canoes that come wKp[7us5 w9loµq8i4 %î4 m8ib3ty§5. Ì4fxl µ8î5 back after a long hard day. Inuit will clean the eggs then boil them. Once WIsAmJ7mExl5ht4. wkw5 xuh5 c/Ex8i4 is{[sEx3ym§5 s9loµ6 the shells are peeled off, one sprinkles the egg with salt before consum- xs9MymJ[i3i4. wkw5 m8ii4 nl7mnMsv5htQ5 t3tgj5 wZy§5. ing it. Its taste is very good, unlike that of any other bird. yM2Wxq/3bsQgxCu4 bEso3hQ5 iE/sixo3mb. mm3gmExlw5. By July, Qikirtaseet is teeming with birds laying eggs. The cliffs bear- t1ux5 x4Ñ5 xyq5b m8iq5b nix8i mm3gmExlw5. ing the birds are about four kilometres long and about 600 to 800 metres Jäaogx3m5 er3b¥5 t1uxo3JxCl§5 m8ioJxl8i4. w8ˆDw5 high. Within that space are hundreds of thousands of akpyte. The akpyte t1uxk5 NJ3bsJ5 ybmi4 rMübi4 nijgiø5 d7jl S3gic3ht4 easily number into the millions. There are even more on the mainland ^))-*)) üÖ5 u5yt8i. Ì4fx x4Ùl8k5 xuh3JxÇl8k5 NJ3bsJ5. x4Ñ5 of Nunavik between Akpaayuit and Anaulirvik where the cliffs are much sk3icDNsJ5 uox8 u5yt8i. xuhQx9Ms?7uJ5 kNü8iã5 x4ÙJw9l higher. Some people will swear that there are millions upon millions. xNso3[sl xf8izî5g5 bµi w8â5 d7j5 xqlx1axu7mb. wkw5 Whichever way you look at it, the sight of the colony is one of those wMq5 ry5nsZ/1qiêJ5. ck3lî9o bm4fiz whmZlxD5b, wonders that, once experienced, will stay embedded in one’s mind for x4XZñl8i4 bfQxu4 SwAC5nsq5gi4 bfMs3ymy8Ng6. wk7mEZã5 the rest of your life. And even a well-grown man such as myself will not xa†5 s?z s5gtQlz xJá9osq8N§aJ5 Ö4fiz. cease to be awed upon being put among this scenery. eu3Dxq5

mr[4 €bu coa wKp[7usk5 yKo3t. Adamie Kalingo is the mayor of the Northern Village of Ivujivik. 38 wkw5 cz5bÔq5b SJz Air Inuit Propwash

wkw5 cz5bÔq5b ‘wo5yym5yxg5 wnDq5’ Air Inuit “Wings of Knowledge” ®NsIc3tyi3u4 WNhxDtq5 bursary program wkw5 cz5bÔq5b vtmpq9l WNh5tq9l Air Inuit’s board of directors and employ- sWA§5pK5 sfiz wkw5 cz5bÔq5b ‘woymi3j5 ees congratulate the following recipients of wnDq5’-dtuA5 WNhxDtu8i5 ®NsI3ÌtMs3bu8i4. AIL’s “Wings of Knowledge” program. While Ì4fiz WNhxDtc3iuA5 wo8ixti4 wo8ix- the program is intended foremost to encour- bu8i4 vJy5yxi3u4 Wt5yNhxDtcClx3ht4 iEsA- age Nunavik youth in the pursuit of their tcq8N§aQK5 wo8ix†5 wo8ix‰3ymoDt4 wkw5 studies, it also encourages consideration of a cz5bÔq8i WNhAmyMeZI3iq8i4. career with Air Inuit as a vocational choice. BOB MESHER

wo8ixti4 ®NsIc3tyA†5 wo8ix[4 Bursary Recipients School

µys y3dxl4 ÷i7mE4 wo8ix[4 Matthew Sequaluk Jaanimmarik School µ4 C+b8 ƒ4Jx6 Mark Ruston Kuujjuaq Ù5E4 Ù9M÷5 Patrick Padlayat

otx iqsD[4 wh7mn3[4 wo8ix[4 Lydia Ningiuruvik Isummasaqvik School pi x3Ng4 dx3b6 Jeannie Angnatuk Quaqtaq y†[ X0º Steve Page

uxp mqs6 x3ni6 wo8ix[4 Mary Mangiuk Arsaniq School lw b3t{ vq3hJx6 Louis Tardiﬀ Kangiqsujuaq ui xMf Minnie Alaku

NÌ+n xat4Q6 wfy4 wo8ix[4 Natasha Angutigirk Ikusik School øtx n[x3J4 n9lw5 Lydia Saviadjuk Salluit ox+o b3e6 Leslie Tarkirk

Wx8Iu8 €Ncb4 ns5Jw5 wo8ix[4 Benjamin Annahatak Sautjuit School uxpx ÉD vq3h4 Maria Airo Kangirsuk ñu ÉD Sammy Airo

nµ8n Awo xatAl4 xyms5b6 wo8ix[4 Samantha Winnie Angutiguluk Asimauttaq School €8t xIAb6 ƒ4JxÇW4 Andy Aragutak Kuujjuaraapik

€i k?o1z6 r¬b6 wo8ix[4 Annie Novalinga Kiluutaq School ño gvl4 fÔ susI6 Charlie Tookalook Crow Umiujaq tsE8+ gvl4 Terence Tookalook

€N cn9lx6 w8No4 wo8ix[4 Anna Kasudluak Innalik School ui wäIyxW4 wk5Jx6 Minnie Elijassiapik Inukjuak ÉWo ˆ+bÍv Aibillie Nastapoka

àN hDy˜6 wAx3y[4 wo8ix[4 Mina Surusilla Iguarsivik School §y glZ6 S[3ig6 Susie Tulugak Puvirnituq µr kbÇl4 Maggie Nutaraaluk

yxI f9lxD6 kwI6 wo8ix[4 Sarah Kudluarok Nuiyak School Ïä üf nirlx6 Caroline Meeko Sanikiluak Ax9g üf Walter Meeko µb egh4 Martha Qittosuk

ÏE€8 mrx8p vNbµ5 wo8ix[4 Karianne McKenzie Kanatamat School Ì8ix ?˜8 yK[x9 Tania Vollant Scheﬀerville ÷vE €7SDx+ Zacharie Ambroise

ult ¥8-eox Xb„8 ™J wo8ix[4 Melodie St-Hillaire Badabin Eeyou School magazine Ôox8 xs9MDx6 Ax2µf+gw Julian Audlarock Whapmagoostui kwx9M Jx5+ Noella George MAKIVIK MAKIVIK

39 xxxxxxxxxx Air Inuit Propwash

Scheduled service enhancements In response to requests from various individuals and organization in Nunavik and Scheﬀerville, AIL’s board of directors recently approved the following changes in scheduled service which will be eﬀective throughout the network on Monday, August 7th. • Direct (with no changing of planes) Dash 8 service from Dorval to and from Salluit on both the Hudson and Ungava coasts will operate in a parallel manner three days a week (Monday, Wednesday

cz5bÔu cspmJ7mE4 x8tE Eñ3. BOB MESHER and Friday). Engineer André Richard. • The all-stops Dash 8 flight on the Ungava coast will consequently be rescheduled to Tuesday instead of Wednesday. With this alter- czb[5nos3ymJi4 WA5pAtsJ5 WsyQx3bsAtq5 ation of the Ungava Dash 8 flight, connections from Nunavik to rs5JtQ5hQ5 wkw5 xuh5 wk©N3tht4 x7ml tusJw5 Sept-Iles and the Lower North Shore will now be available three kN[7ul yK[x9ul xb8isDtQc5bymIq8k5, wkw5 days a week via a connection in Schefferville. cz5bÔq5b vtmpq5 c7usJ6 xqDtc3cuoMsJQK5 sftÅN • Wednesday scheduled service from Radisson to Kuujjuaraapik, czb[5nos3ymJi4 cz5bÔc3tyA†5 xy5pQx3bsZI3tlQ5, Sanikiluak and Umiujaq will be accomplished with an HS748. This Ì4fxl xy5pQxEAtsJ5 w¬8âtA5 xgo3tbsic˜3ht4 means that periodic direct scheduled service between Umiujaq and x9o‰3gi xs4Ay &ao3X5. Sanikiluak is available for passengers and that scheduled mid-week • gê8Nlt4 Gcz5bÔ2 xyxk5 k5tExcD8ât9lQ5H Ì+ *f5 cargo service from Radisson to these communities will be provided. WA5picc5bõ3g5 gx¿9u5 n9lk5 bàtA5 bysI3Jxf9l • Service between the Ungava and Hudson coasts will also be pro- sz?4fl wq3Cicc5b˜3gi4 WNhxDybµ5 Wzh[9lt4 vided five days per week with two flights on Monday and Friday Gx9o‰u, WzJx8i x7ml ie5ygiH. and one flight on each of Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. • kNooµtA5 Ì+ *f5 sz?u cz5bÔc3tyisÔ2 • Service between Schefferville and Sept-Iles will be increased to xsMiE§z €3eQx3bsic˜3uJ6 É2Xz8k5 ªbsli seven days with the addition of a Saturday flight. WzJx8iu x©t§aZlx3tlA. Öàozz3li wi9Mb- smiEõ3bzA5 sz?u Ì+ *u4 cz5bÔc3tyis§4f5, All scheduled flights will be renumbered so the type of aircraft scheduled kN[7us5 y5yx9j9l x7ml fÑ4 kNo3Jxzb yeixb to the flight will be easily identifiable. b3Cy?9oxi kNc3g5 cz5bÔ4f5 WNhxDybµ5 Wzh[9lt4 Aircraft Series xsMA8Nc5bõ3g5 yK[x9u5 Wlt4. Dash 8 800 • WzJx8i czb[5nos3ymJi4 cz5bÔc3tyi3u4 WA5pA†5 ƒ8ixt4f5 kNz8i5 ƒ4JxÇW1j5, nirlxj5 HS748 700 susIj9l WNhx3bsc5bõ3uJ5 cz5bÔ6 m3Doxl4 Twin Otter 600 &$* xg3bsc5bt9lA. bm8N grc3g6 wµ4 gê8Ngu4 King Air 500 wk8i4 syA8N[o8k5 WA5Isicc5bõ3tlQ5 susI3usl nirlx3usl x7ml czb[5nos3bsmJu4 w5y[8i4 The airline also introduced a third King Air 100 in June, dedicated xyq8il sy5ni4 syicc5bõ3tlA ƒ8ixt4f5 kNz8i5 to charter and fleet backup service. Ì4fkz Wzhk5 kNo8k5 Évb5gu4. We anticipate further service refinements towards the end of the • cz5bÔtA5 WA5Isc5bõ3uJ5 sz?us9l bysI3Jxus9l year but Air Inuit users will be consulted before these prospective alter- WNhxDys2 wlxi s9li b9omi cz5bÔk5 m3D[9lt4 ations are enacted. trbsc5bylt4 x7ml sfNi s9li Wzhi xbsyx3blt4 cz5bÔic5bõ3ht4 É2Xz8i, WzJx8i ybmz8il. Forthcoming Air Inuit Specials • WA5pAtsJ5 yK[x9u5 y5yx9j5 sk3yQx3bsicõ3uJ5 Summer Sale July 17th – August 6th s9li ybmsJ1qZ3gi cz5bÔc3tyc5bylt4 wMQostlA Berry Picking Special August 14th – September 3rd x9oqhz3u cz5bÔc3tyi6. Pre-Freeze Seat Sale October 1st – October 31st czb[5nos3ym5ht4 cz5bÔc3tyAtoµ5 ry5Jtq5 Christmas Shopping Special November 13th – December 10th €3eQx3bsicõ3g5 ckw5gu4 cz5bÔc˜3m¯5 x9MymAtsJ5 Christmas Special December 11th – January 7th gryN5nstQi3nsd9lQ5. Deep-Freeze Seat Sale January 15th – February 18th cz5bÔ5 ckw5©iq5 ckw5©iq5b ry5Jtq5 Dash 8FÌ+ * 800 Air Inuit will additionally announce Nunavik-wide specials for events HS748 m3Doxlw5 &$*ø5 700 such as music festivals during the summer. Twin Otter m3DoxDw5 600 Leased in Iceland eu3Dxq5 King AirFcz5bÔCDw5 r1wx5 500 On May 12th Captain Normand Noel, Captain Dominic Deluca and

mr[4 base engineer André Richard departed Dorval with AIL Dash 8 C-FDAO for 40 wkw5 cz5bÔq5b SJz Story title

wkw5 cz5bÔq5 cz5bÔCÎ8i4 WzJÌEoMsJ7uJ5 Ôist9lA r1wx !))o7u4 wMQx3ht4, xg3bsic˜3tlA x5bgxali ryxisi3n6 wMzi4 swAQIsc5b˜Clx3uhi. yKi5nt8i4 whmc3uJA5 WA5pAt5ti4 WsyQxEQ- x9˜c5bCI3it8i4 x3ÇA6 whoQx[8inso3X5 x©tZIDm5hb ryxi wkw5 cz5bÔq8i4 xg3Xgi4 xb8is[cMsv9lb bm4fiz xy5ptEisJi4 x©tAmZI3gA5. BOB MESHER

yKi3üg5 s9lw5 wkw5 cz5bÔq5b xrroQx3ymt5y[Q˜3bq5 wkw5 cz5bÔq5b xzJ3çz ÷p Ít Ggzoxî5g6 nsuxiH wMc3hi cz5bÔu sW3¯uFxsIu xrroQx3ymt5yA†5 Jä !& - xs4Ay ^ WNhx3ti4 É+M8j5 xs9MMs3tNQ5. Air Inuit chairman George Berthe (2nd from left) with crew before they leave for Iceland. Xs3zi4 ki?8Nst9lAFSf8Nst9lA xs4Ay !$ - y2t7X #

dx3NyMs3tNA xrroQx3ymt5yA†5 s4gX ! - s4©X #! Reykjavik, Iceland. The aircraft was leased there until late July mainly by is[3ixEx3gk5 xrroQx3ymt5yA†5 ª[7X !# - †y7X !) Air Iceland for service between various points in Iceland and Greenland. d[xh{[ys3Nu xrroQx3ymt5yA†5 †y7X !! - IkxE & Although all of Air Inuit’s work is important, it was pleasant to be in a new area, meeting new organizations in the international market. We dx3Ngx¬o3tlA xrroQx3ymt5yA†5 IkxE !% - [DxE !* congratulate all members of Air Inuit who worked on the project to ensure that the aircraft arrived as scheduled. wkw5 cz5bÔq5 gn3bst5yq8Nc5b˜EK5 kN[omj5 wozJi4 xrroQx3ymt5yi3u4 WNhxDtcogxDt4 s5gtQlQ5 AIL’s Canada Post Award of Excellence gn3ˆt5yi3u4 N9osi3ysgco3X5 sW3¯aizi. Air Inuit received the Canada Post Award of Excellence this past May 24th at a ceremony held in the Canada Post National Control Centre xqctŒymAttA5 x5bgxaJ5 É+˜8usk5 in Ottawa. This is quite a distinguishing award considering that only 10 à !@at9lA cz5bÔ3†5 xzJ3çq4 k3µ8 kwx9l, companies were selected out of 12,000 suppliers throughout Canada bui4 t¬vl x7ml cz5bÔcstu nNQxo8i4 cspmp and in all ﬁelds. €8tE Eñ3 gx¿9u5 xs9MMsJ5 wkw5 cz5bÔq5b Ì+ *zA5 C-FDAO f5 ê4I[4j5, É+˜8ü5gj5 cz5bÔy5ht4. Ì8N cz5bÔ6 x5bgxEIsyIsyMsJ7m5 x5bgxaMz5hi Jä b3ez xg3ggcs1qioµzi WA5pAtsc5bix3hi É+˜8ul xfr5gus9l kNq8i Ömo wkw5 cz5bÔq5b WNhx3bq5 W9MExlw8NsZlx3tlQ5, d[xNMsJQK6 kNu WNhx3[QMs3ym1qbEIu WNhQxu4, vtyQsc5bhi tusJi4 yM3JxusªozJi4 WNhx3gi4. sWA§5p?K5 sWQ7mE5hQ9l wkw5 cz5bÔq5b WNh5tq5 w¬8Nt4 Ì4fiz WNhxcbsc5bMs3g5 cz5bÔ2 iEsQIs[7ui tr5yxiEZI3bzi4 WA8Ny5yxMs3mb. wkw5 cz5bÔq5b WtbsAtz5 vNbu x9Mb3[oEp4f5 W5yxg7mExl8i4 wob3yAtq8i4 wkw5 cz5bJq5 WtbsMsJK5 vNbu x9Mb3[oEp4fk5 wobEIsAtu8i4 WNh5bui4 W5yxg7mExl5ht4 WNhx- §ai3uk5, Ì8N gi3DyxEMsIz5 à @$at9lA wob3yi3ui4 N9osi3ysDtc3tlQ5 vNbu x9Mb3[oEp4f5 xsM5y[7ui €gÛu5gu. Ì8N wobEIsAt W9lg9MExl4 CANADA POST sW8Ng7mExl5hil W5JtQ5hA do5 szÌk3cI1qmb vNbs2 x9MÌ3[oEpq5b sWA§¥Atz Gnsuxi5 bo3Wxk5H: ÷4 ƒ† GvNbs2 x9MÌ3[oEpq5H, àf9 ÓM8 Gwkw5 cz5bÔq5H, Wb €bu Gmr{[4H, jwI f‰8 GvNbs2 Öà5gu4 wob3yAtu4 WtbsJ5 vNboµu !@,)))aMsJ5 x9MÌ3[oEpq5H, Wb dx+m8l Gwkw5 cz5bÔq5H. Ì4fiz Wtbs5JtÌD8NCI3gEIsJ5 x9Mb3[oEp4fi4 Presentation of the Canada Post Award (L-R): Jacques Côté (Canada Post), Michael Voland (Air WA5p§a5ht4. Inuit), Pita Aatami (Makivik), Moya Greene (Canada Post), and Peter Horsman (Air Inuit). Ì4fiz wobEIsAti4 WMeZI3ixD[5, WNhA5pAtt8i4 WI‰5yxc5bî5 (*¶ü8icExo4. xgi5 sc3bsc5bmsJ5 ck9lf6 To be considered, you have to attain at least 98 percent delivery WA8NytbsAtø8Nsm¯b Ö4fx do5 wobEIsAtÌMsJ5 — on contract targets. In each case they mentioned something particular wkw5 cz5bÔq5 sc3bsMsJ5 Wâl5yJc3iClx3m5 GWlx3gu4 that justiﬁed the selection — for Air Inuit they mentioned that when- yMj5 W4vbsJu4H b{ëN6 WA5pAtu8i4 vJyA8Ny5ngxCu4 ever things went wrong (such as the weather, etc.), our airline performed magazine vJyt5y§aQxq5, cz5bÔdtJ5 WNhA5pAtÌEmIu szÌkx9˜5 well above contractual stipulations to ensure that they were put right

W5yxg7mEx¬ha7m5. as soon as possible. MAKIVIK 41 DANIEL LESSARD fÑ4 kNo3Jxzb v?mzi5 ÷i €bu Order of Quebec S3gi3Ùu4 wobEIsAtÌ3S6 for Johnny Adams vt[4 kNooµ5 v?mzb xzJ3çEc5bMsIz ÷i €bu Former Kativik Regional Government chairman ÖIsic3cuoMsJQK6 wobEIsAtb3hi fÑ4 v?mzb S3gi3Ùu4 Johnny Adams was appointed as a Knight of the wob3yAtc3iui4 Nlâ3yAtQ§zi4 ÖIsJu4 fÑ4 kNo3Jxzi National Order of Quebec on June 20th, 2006 in wvJ3yym7mE5gu4, Ì8N wobEIsAt gi3DyxEMsIz Ôi @), Quebec City. He was honoured as a key person in @))^at9lA fÑ4 ytu. ÷i wobEIsAtÌ3tbsMsJK6 W5Jbst9lA maintaining the working relationship between the WNhctŒ5yxi3u4 vJyt5yyxc5bymiz fÑ4 v?m4fi9l Quebec government and the Inuit, as well as for his wkgw8Ni9l, x7ml WNhx7mEc5bym7m5 xuhi WA5IsAt5ni4 work in acquiring many services and essential infra- n3et5yNhx3hi x7ml kN[7us5 whxdt5nq8i4 WZhx3hi. fÑ4 structures in Nunavik. Quebec government minister v?m4f5 ui+bz5 Wx3 f3„, N7ui6 ÷iu4 Ì5huz wobEIsAtu4 Pierre Corbeil, who personally supported Johnny for WtbsJ5nsJE5yic5yxMsJ6, WJEm5hi g1zh5tyMsJK6 ÷is2 this honour, proudly welcomed Johnny’s appointment, t4fxbsizi4 wµ9l scMsJK6, ÷i €bu Ì5huz wobEIsAtu4 saying, “Mr. Adams certainly deserves this title, and I

WtbsJ5nMEsK6, wlq3ghzl sWA§5pmE2XC.’ congratulate him most sincerely.” BOB MESHER

wk5tA5 N7uiElQ5 wk©N3thb rNs7m¯5b Our Own Photo ID Cameras Nlâ3bsmAt5nt8i4 x5posDtb3î5 Realizing it was about time that Nunavik caught up with the w2WQo3hQ5 kN[7ustA5 yM3Jxusk5 WZhxcbsJ5ngcsiK5 wk©N3tlb rest of the world in having official photo identification, Makivik rNs7m¯5b Nlâ3bsmAt5nt8i4 x5paxcExc3itA5, mr{[4 WZhx7mEA- has persistently worked to get photo ID cameras set up in each tc3ymJgcsK6 Öà5gi4 x5paxi4 x5posEAti4 WÌ3tbsdp5hi community and these efforts have paid off. This is an especially kN[7u kNo8i4, bm8N xJw8NspiE?5bz n3et5yAbs5nCbõ3g6. important service considering that, as of January 2007, anyone bm4fx WbcExc3iq5 W7mEs?o3mb Wlx3gu IkxE @))&u WQx3lt4, travelling to the USA by boat or plane will have to have a pass- rNgw8Noµ5yxf5 xuEvus5 kNz8ªDmJ5 sux4fl8î5 cz5bÔ4f¬8î5 port, and anyone travelling across the border by car will need an kNo3Jx2 xyxªD8NstcExcõ3mb, x7ml bµisZlx6 vNbu x3[b3g5 official government photo ID. Also, since the infamous 911, secu- x9MdtcExcõ3uht4 rNsi3uªozJi4 x5pax3bo8i4. rity restrictions for travellers within Canada also kN[7us5 bm4fiz WJ8NisIc5bMsJ1qg5 v?mk5 wobEIs- require photo identification and Nunavimmiut ic5yxgi4 rNsi3uªozJi4 x5pax3bo8i x9Mdti4. previously could not obtain any form of official x5posD†5 is[xac5bMs3g5 xro3bslx1axht4 photo identification within the region. wkoEpgc4fk5, fÑ4 v?mz5 wvJ3yxW4vlx3ut9lA, Paid for mainly by federal Indian and Öà7m5 kN[7u kNooµ5 m3Îi4 x5posD†8i4 Wbco3g5. Northern Affairs, with some money from Quebec x5posDts2 É2Xz kNu4 tAux3tf5 x9M[z8i as well, each Nunavik community now has two xg3bsc5bg5nµ6 xqctŒ8ij5 wMsÔctŒaJ5 ry5Jtc- photo ID cameras. One camera is in the local

stzi4 y4rÌW7u4 x5pax3b¥Atsc5b˜3gu4, ryxi ISABELLE DUBOIS landholding office for the new JBNQA benefi- Ì4fx x5pax3bq5 wobEIsic31q5g5 wª2 x3[boDi ciary card, which is not accepted as official photo rNsizi4 kwbt5yAbsA8Ni3u4. x5posDts2 É2Xz kNø5 v?µW4fq5b ID for travellers. The other camera is set up in the respective x9M[z8îX8ixg6, wfm5nIui4 wfmc5yxli x7ml wª2 x5paxzb gkxi northern village offices, complete with proper lights and back- kwbQxo7u4 Wbc5yxuli wobEIsic5yxgu4 v?msJk5 wª2 rNsizb drop for official portraits. If you need a photo for a passport or x5paxEQxz. x5pax3bExcgxD[5 kNo3Jx2 xyxªD8Nst8îg5nu4 health care card then the CNV is the place to go. In Kuujjuaq, s{?¬8î5 €8ixys3bsA8Nst8îg5nu4, Öm kNo5y v?µWz8k5 x5paxos3b- unlike the other communities, you will need to come to the sQx3gExc3St5. ƒ4Jxuo, kNø5 Wsyq5b xyxÅ3uJu4 Wsyc˜3g5, mr{[f5 Makivik office to get your picture taken. CLSCs in the Hudson x9M[z8i x5paxos3bsc5b˜Cu4. €8ixys3“5 bysI3Jxu kKxl7u¬ Bay and Hudson Strait communities can already provide new WbogcsJ5 €8ixys3bsAt5nIu8i x5paxco3ht4 x7ml sz?u €8ixys3bsA†5 health cards with photos on them, and it is expected that the x5paxcc5by5nstQõ3uJ5 y2t7WEu iEsNo3g5. Ungava Bay CLSCs will start doing this by September. Nf3mb5bs6 vt[4 kNooµ5 v?mzb WNhZ5noEi3jl WQs3nt5yi3jl Also, thanks to the KRG’s Department of Employment WA5p[z5, m3Î4 WQs3nt5yº4 kNo8k5 x3[bMsJQÓ4 xuhZMs5nmE5gi4 and Training, two instructors travelled to the Nunavik com- wo8ixt5yc5bMsÔ4 x5posEAy3i4 woãAtc3ht4. x5posEA8Ng6 munities to train several residents in each community to use xgw8Nsqgx3X5 xyxk5 x5pos3bsA8N[cõ3gy. x5pax5 xrc3g5 the cameras. If one person is unavailable to take your picture, R!%.))i4 Ì4fx xrøAbsc5b˜3g5 wk8k5 %% xÌi srso8k5 x7ml R!).))i4 one of the others should be able to do it. A fee of $15.00 per xrøQxcc5b˜3ht4 %%i5 szÌk9l srsø5. xqctŒ8ij5 wMsA†5 photo is charged for anyone under 55 and $10.00 for those eu3Dxq5 x5pax5nq5 xrc3tbsc5b˜1qg5 ryxi wobEIsic˜1quJ5 x3[b3©2 over 55. The beneficiary card photos are taken for free and are

mr[4 rNsizªoz5ht4 x5paxaQxq8i4. not accepted as oﬃcial photo ID for travellers. 42 Nunavik notes

Uplifting Reward for Hard Work

English secondary-1&2 students at Jaanimmarik School in Kuujjuaq got a bird’s eye view of the local area as a result of their success in running a

BOB MESHER thrift shop throughout the school year. Using the money raised by the student venture, along with a reduced d{?N3g6 xro3bsAts5hi fare compliments of Nunavik Rotors, each student and staff who helped with WZhx7mEi[i3k5 the project went for a 20-to-25-minute helicopter ride in the afternoon of May c9lˆ3tg5 wo8ixg5 S3gi3nu4 !u @ul ÷i7mEs2 29th — a beautiful day for sight seeing! wo8ix[zi ƒ4Jxu dXkx2 wpqtg5 bfoMsJK5 The thrift shop project was a com- kNos2 dÃ5 W5yxif[i3uk5 is[3ix[os3ym5ht4 munity effort, whereby local households wo8ix[7ui x3ÇAoµu. ®NsIi4 xg3ht4 kwtymIui4 donated used items and a store was set xrr9oQx3bsi[i3uk9l kN[7u douÅ3tk5 xgi5 up in a basement classroom. Besides wo8ix†5 x7ml WNh5†5 wvJ3g[î5 Ì4fiz @) @%-uN5yi4 ANNE MARIE LEWIS skills learned by the students, the douÅ3tbsoMsJ5 à @(u s8kn4f5 — yM5yxmEx¬t9lA. recycling project was good for the envi- W[i3i4 is[3ix[4 kNos2 xJw8NDtQMsIz, ronment and provided a valuable service kNø5 xrc1qgi4 É5gwt9lQ5 wo8ix[s2 xÌi to residents. Teacher Anne Marie Lewis is[3ix[os3ymMsJ5. wMc3tlQ5 wob[iq8i4 Ì5hjz said, “The community response was W[i3i4 WsoixZ3i6 WsÔMsJ6 x?tj5 WA5pyx3hil absolutely tremendous. After it caught ƒ4Jxusi4. wo8ixt5yp €8 mE l[+ scMsJ6, ‘kNos2 on the influx of customers was amazing. xsM5IQx3iEMsIz xqJ7mExlMsJ6. is[3ixDmJ5 Some even came from Inukjuak, Salluit, xuh1amb xJá5gmEsMsJ6. wMq5 wk4Jxus5, n9lus5, Quaqtaq, Kangirsuk, Kangiqsujuaq.” dx3bus5, vq3hus5 vq3hJx3usl.’ BOB MESHER The hard-working students were WNhx3yt7m‰5 wo8ix†5 sfx Wb dW3Dxl4, ÷i Peter Koperqualuk, Johnny Kooktook, ƒ4g6, nN4 €Nˆ6, ™m fX, s5ge b3exW4, xµ8b St, y8t Sanak Annanack, Emma Cooper, Uttuqi Tukkiapik, Amanda Berthe, Cindy n8b g{ê8, wo8 ©m, ™m mi6, rt fxbl. Ì4fx gryMsJ5 Saunders Dufresne, Elene Tooma, Emma Munick, and Kitty Gordon. They WNhxDmic5yxgxDi xro3bsAtz d{?N3m5. Nf3übs7uJ5 kN[7u learned that if you have a good work ethic, the reward could be uplift- douÅ3†5 xsM5yp7mEz Wb b1v8, wo8ixt5ypz p+o8 2Mu8b8 ing. Thanks also go to Nunavik Rotors manager Peter Duncan, teacher x7ml xro3bsZi wvJMsJ6 Ô8 €7+gÇ1. Ghyslain Plamondon and volunteer Joan Armstrong. wk4tg3g5 WdI3ªozJ5 iWos3bsmJ5 Inuktittut Legal Audio on the Net cEbsIs2 gê8NbstzîtbsJ5 The Arnait Amaangit legal information audio capsules, which were Ö4fx x3â5 xµq5i4 ÖIsJ5 WdItÅ3gi4 grymAt5nsht4 produced jointly between Éducaloi and Makivik and aired over the iWos3bsmJ5, kwbsm5ht4 vg5÷a5ht4 Éducaloifk9l x7ml radio, are also available www.educaloi.qc.ca/en/arnait/inuit_info. mr{[f8k5 gn3nsc5bMsJ5 ˆMst4f5 bZbZ gñIsA8NoEK5 cEbsIs2 gê8NbstzA5 s?i ˆM5bsA8Nht4 www.educaloi.qc.ca/en/arnait/inuit_info. Ì4fx Éducaloi tusÔK5 wo8ixt5yAtc§5nIs5ht4 WdIªozJi4 x7ml ®NsIi4 çq3ifos3tsNhxCt4 n3etbsmJ5 fÑ4 kNo3Mzius5 gnsmtbsc5bd5hQ5 hNi4 WJ8Nstc3m¯b hNi9l WI5nc3m¯b grymt5hQ5 WdItÅ3gi4 scsy3u4 gryIsA8Nyx3gu4 scsyc3ht4. Ì4fx x3â5 xµq5 WdItÅ3gi4 x9MymJ1awAtsmK5 wozJi4 eg3zctŒ5 wvJ3tŒ9lt4 Éducaloi is a non-profit organization that exists to inform WD3ãJ5nsiq8k5, xa†5 eg3zb[i3ui4 nS5pymQxc3iq8k5, Quebecers of their rights and obligations by providing legal wkgcsJ5 xg3il5bsJ5nsq8iq8ªozJ5, WNh{[u w5yÅ3il5gj5 information in everyday language. The Arnait Amaangit legal infor- X{[n3bsÖoQxc3ik5, vttbsmÔ4 x[8iq8ªozJ5, É2X‰4 mation topics are Child Support, Paternity Suit, The Exploitation h4fpxEstiq8ªozJ5, kox3if5 Wi3li3ªozJ5 wMc3ht4 of Elders, Sexual Harassment in the Workplace, Divorce, Conjugal magazine s8i¬tc3is2 ckw¬DtsQxc3iq8i4 x7ml kox3if5 Violence, Sexual Assault and the Complaint Process, and Sexual

Wi3lbsmi3ËozJ5 xro3bsAtbq9l. Assault and Compensation. MAKIVIK 43 trstK5 kN[7j5 BOB MESHER X2 Wzh5 xa†5 xfi ƒ4Jxusa§gcso3g5 v?m4fk5 wobEIsio7u4 vNbu kNo3Jxcct1aMsJK5 Ôi ^, Citizenship Ceremony Reaches Nunavik @))ât9lA. Ì4fx vNbus1atbsiq5 WNhx3bsMsJK5 mr{[f8k5 vt5b[4 kNø5 vtm[z8i w3cgwp ÙXI ¥9 WNhx3tQIst9lA Three long-term Kuujjuaq residents officially became Canadian citi- mo5bsym5hi txp ¬‰gj5. ÷i Wbl µr wm3Ml wMscbsMsJ7uÔ4 zens on June 6th, 2006. The swearing-in ceremony was hosted by Makivik ò3dIsm5ht4, ci1åt4f5 sçtbsicMsJ7uÔ4 i9odIsym5ht4 Corporation in the Kattitavik Town Hall with Judge Barbara Seal, c.m. as Ì8 x˜3j5 yKoMsJj5 N9osi3ysgi4. ryxi b4vi vt5b[7ügoµi the presiding officer accompanied by citizenship officer Terry Laurito. W7mEsi3XsMsJK5 xa†5 Wzh5 sfx ÏM8 É5yn8, is9 f¬N+ Johnny Peters and Maggie Emdluk were in attendance as special guests, x7ml rxi Wø4 – vNbu kNo3Jxcct1aCÌaMsJZu4. invited to the microphone by master of ceremonies Don Allard. But the w3cgwp ¥9 kN[oxEsMsJ6 d[xh5gmEx¬MsJK3l bfQxu4 most important three in the hall were Colin Aitchison, Neal Clunas, and kN5ti4 bfuN3gxl7u4 wkw9l g1zN3iq8i4 cspQs3hi. Kenny Blake — the new Canadians. ‘bms1zMs3ym1qlgCm d[xh5gmExlKz’ M5hi scMsJ6. It was Judge Seal’s first time in Nunavik and she was overjoyed ‘czb5hb ho bf8NhA kN cspm5hAl kNo3Jxt8k5 wMQIsQxz, with the beauty of our landscape and hospitality. “I had never been here whmMe8NgdtQMsJ?C, scoC5b wm3Wu5 wm3Wj5 wm3WQx9˜j9l before and I am absolutely thrilled,” she said. “Flying over and looking at Öµ9lgxl4 bfuN3gu4 xqJ3JxÇl5hi¬3gu4 kNo3JxdtcEx5b, the area and knowing this is a part of our country, it makes you think, Öµ9lgxl9l sW8NdtymAtQ5hA.’ when we say ‘from sea to sea to sea’ how beautiful and vast our coun- vNbs2 yMÌi5 WymJ5 x3ÇA3i Wzhi vNbu kNy- try is, and how lucky we are.” m[c3ymQxc3S5 vNbus1atbsicChx3is2 yKixi, One has to live in Canada at least bm8No WâlbsisIMs1qg6 Ì4fkz Wzhk5 ƒ4Jxu4 three years before qualifying for citi- kNogcs7mb x3ÇA3i xuhv9˜l8i. rxi Wø4 mr{[f8k5 zenship, which was no issue for these WNh5tgcsJ6 Öm1z5 mr{[4 tu1aoMs3ym7mi5. yKixA5 three who have lived in Kuujjuaq for WNh5ts?Ms3uhi wkw5 vg5pctŒ8iz8k5 fÑ4 b3Czi decades. Kenny Blake has been with wvJ3tshi cz5bÔu xbsyov9Mu, xg3bsJÙlMs3ymJu Makivik ever since the Corporation kN[7u kNu4 tt3gwic3tlQ5 yKi5yxzi èuy Ñ started. Before that he worked for the x7ml fÑ4 b3Czb xqctŒ8is2. trQx1zMs3ymJ6 Northern Quebec Inuit Association as c5n8 Ñ v7mi4fk5 WNhQx3ghi, !(&@at9lA — a helper on their Beaver aircraft, which Ì8Nã8N6 is[3tf5 v7Xiz kN[oxDtQym7uIz5 ÏM8l was used extensively for land selec- is9l. Ömo Ö4fxÇlw5 isJx4 ytu w9lZn5JxÇl8i4 tions in Nunavik prior to the James cz5bÔ4f5 xS3hQ5 Wi3lwixlMsJ5 (!!u4 ÖIs?o3g5 Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement. W4Üiq8k5 kNo3JxbChx3i6 WI3îoymtbs7mEoClx3tlA He first arrived to work for the Hudson’s Bay Company, though, in 1972 Ì4fx gˆ nKxu9l r ¥8-Ôox8u9l wvJ3tc3ht4, Ì4fx xa†4 — the same Company that also brought Colin and Neal to Nunavik. €gÛu v?mgc4fi4 ckw¬EQxcExu4 cspm5yxmî4 wvJ3tQ5hQ4 Considering the headaches caused by the 911 terrorist acts in New York kNo3Jxcct1aD8NyMsJK5. ‘Ì8N s9l6 s?8k5 WJEmNMsJ6 City, they were able to entice a citizenship ceremony with help from M5hi rxi scMsJ6. ‘sWAh8ic7mEoMsJKz vNbusk5 Donat Savoie and Guy St-Julien, who know their way around Ottawa’s wMQIsyQxu4 – Öà¬5nstQJ5ngc[is5hz x3ÇAk5 #)k5 bureaucracy. “It was a proud day for me,” Kenny said. “I felt proud to xiAD5Isgw8NCb3ymZm.’ become a Canadian — I should have done this 30 years ago.”

kN[7u bfuN3gos3ik5 vtmixD¥5 xgw8ND3bsm§5 The Nunavik Art Workshops that are orga- mr{[f8k5 b9omQo3bz5 x©tIs˜oEK5 – Ì4fx nized by Makivik will be held in Nunavik for the x3CAbµ5 x3ÇAi b9omi x©tIsic§a7mb b4vi x3ÇAu ﬁfth year in a row — this year in Kuujjuaq in ƒ4JxüMo3g5 ß4©WEso3X5. s4fwz5yxg5 WQs3nJk5 x7ml October. Open to beginners and experienced WNhxoiso3gk5 nN1axi3i4, wo8ixtbsAtc§5 d9onIu4 artists alike, lessons such as soapstone carv- nN1axi3u4, xr8Nusbos3ii4 x7ml tus2 Wsnst5nq8i4. ing, printmaking, and jewellery design are srx5nsi3nso3X5 ckwozis˜3g5 sc3bsQx9M˜3uJ5 ryxi given. More details will be made available as

gryQx4viDmJ5 mr{[f5 x9M[7mEzk5 scomA8Ng5 sKz ISABELLE DUBOIS the fall draws near, but anyone wanting more eu3Dxq5 !.*!(.(^$.@(@% s{?¬8î5 !.*&&.^@%.$*$%, scom[cDmlt4 information can call Makivik’s head oﬃce at

mr[4 @#(u4 ñui scomsto7u4. 1.819.964.2925 or 1.877.625.4845, extension 239. 44 Nunavik notes

Social Housing Inspected

A team of students from the University of Quebec’s Building Science Program gathered a full compilation of data regarding the structural situation of social housing units in Nunavik during six weeks in May and June. The team travelled by Air Inuit Twin Otter, starting in Kuujjuaraapik and then to every Nunavik community to check the houses — many of which are around 25 years old. Professor Gabriel Lefebvre, who accompanied the students, explained that our harsh northern climate hastens the deterioration of houses, com- pared to regions down south. He also said, “The tenants were very happy to see us. We were well received.” Above we see the KMHB staﬀ and inspection team beside one of the inspected houses. Back row

BOB MESHER X2 (L-R): Oliver Moreau, Marie-Claude Rochon, Pierre Roy, Tommy Brochu, Marie-Ève Neron, Isabelle wkw5 w9lq5 eu3D/sJ5 Simard, Catherine Bouffard, and Philippe Bouchard. Front row (L-R): Gabriel Lefebvre, Philippe-Louis Larue, Sebastien Denis, wo8ix†5 fÑ4f5 w9los3ij5 wo8ix[3Jxzi vg5pht4 Robert Marchand, Marc-Yvan Jacques, Simon Huot, Stephane Maltais, kx5yMsJK5 cspmst5ni4 ckwoziq8i4 wkw5 w9lq5b Martin Rousseau, and Paul Gervais. kN[7u WNhxDy3i Wz§J3gi4 àu Ôiul. Ì4fx cz5bÔc3ht4 Andy Moorhouse, president of KMHB, said a report would be pro- wkw5 cz5bÔq5b m3DoxWz8i4, ƒ4JxÇW7u5 WQx3ht4 duced from their findings, including an estimate of costs for repairs. He kNooµk3ht4 w9li4 cspnEx3ght4 xuh5 w9lw5 @% szÌk5 said it is evident that social houses built prior to around 2000 were “not x3ÇAco3g5. wo8ixt5yp Ï2Epx9 oë{ moMsJ6 wo8ixti4 adequate or sufficient for cold climate. The regulations and materials that srs3bgusaiK5 hv8inu4 h4fw?9oxi3nsm5 w9li4 c9lˆ5 were used for housing construction back then are causing the need for kNq8î5g5 nix8i. sc3hil, ‘xi3Cø5 d[xh7mEMsJ5 s?5ti4 a lot of improvements in regards to the health and safety of the popu- bfQxu4. g1zh5tbs5yxMsJA5.’ lation occupying these units.” He added, “Makivik has been constructing Ì4fx bfIK5 w9loEp3Jxf5 WNh5tq5 x7ml cspn3g[î5 them for the past five or six years and they have been pretty well done, w9¬2 cspn3bub nixî5g5. gkxî5g5 Gnsuxi5 bo3Wxk5H: sø{º according to current jD, mE-fl5 Dn8, Wx Dx, Ìu SDh, mE-w{ iD8, wnWx9 ym3, regulations.” vtE8 S¿, [o2 Sñ3. ñzi3¥5 Gnsuxi5-bo3Wxk5H: Ï2Epx9 He also thanked oë{, [oW-lw MD, yX+tx8 ti, DWx m3ñ8, m4-w?8 ÷4, yË8 s5, the students for tak- +t?8 m9t, m3Ö Dh, x7ml X9 J[. ing this time away €8t jxcs+, xzJ3ç6 w9loEp3Jxf8k5 scMsJ6 gn3tyst from their families to kwbs˜Exz x7ml c5yÇCI3m¯b €3eQx3bsAt5nq5. sc3hil do the badly needed wkw4Å6 w9lq5 nNI[î5 @))) x3CÅ2 u5ytA5 ‘ˆ7mqQxq5 inspections; yet he esIN3gj5. WdI3tA5 mo5bsJ[î5 nNAt[î9l Ö5hmi admired them for €3eQxExc9MEQxq5 ckw1qyxDmi3j5 x5bN3gü5Öomi3jl being able to visit Ì4fNi w9lo8k5.’ scEx9Mhil, ‘mr{[f5 nNI[iq5 b9omi every Nunavik com- x3ÇAo3gi nNm5yxi3ã5 mo5hQ5 moZso3g5 s9lu.’ munity in such a brief Nf3ühil wo8ixti4 wMui4 eàym5ht4 cspnEx3gi3mb time — something cspn7mEQxco3gi4; ghQ5hQ9l kNooµi4 kN[7u ÉtCD8Ni3mb that few people get xfis1qgxW4 – wä8Nq5 Öà¬D8N§a7mb. Ì4fx ®NsIc3tb[î5 to do. The project wMq5 w9loEp3Jxf8k5 x7ml fÑ4f5 w9loEp3Jxq8k5. was jointly funded x8tl sc3hi €3eQx3bsi5nq8i4 bf5nstQisI5Iq8Nb by KMHB and SHQ. Andy also said that we should not expect to see xsI6 @))&-a1qizi x9Ml8î5 @))*-a1qizi. ‘ryxi any repairs carried out as a result of this study at least until summer w9loEp3Jxf5 vtmpq5 xJw8ND5pMzJ5 kbsyotEZhx3lt4 2007 or even summer 2008. “But the [KMHB] board will be committed w9li4 kbs1qgi4 nNIsQx5yxExc3gi9l whmQlA w9¬2 xrz to improving these units that are old and dire repairs are needed, tak- magazine wr9o?9oxIA8âm5.’ ing into account that the rent is not getting any lower.” MAKIVIK MAKIVIK

45 uxp ãm8, wkw5 Mary Simon, New President for ITK bW‰5 vNbü4f5 Mary Simon, who was Makivik’s corporate secretary in xzJ3çb3cuz5 1978, second vice-president in 1980, and president from 1983 to 1985, is now the president of Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami. Mary also uxp ãm8, mr{[f5 x9Mt7mEQMs3ym7uIz5 !(&*at9lA, formerly served as Canadian ambassador to the Arctic and to Denmark, xzJ3çj9l gzosMs3ym7uhi !(*)u x7ml xzJ3caMs3ym7uhi as well as president of the Inuit Circumpolar Conference. Her new role !(*#u5 tr5hA !(*%, bZbZ xzJ3çEIsMzoEK6 wkw5 at ITK came into eﬀect on July 7th, 2006 during their annual general bW‰5 vNbu4fk5. uxp vNbusk5 r4Zg3tsc5bMsJQK6 vNbs2 meeting in Inuvik. She replaces Jose Kusugak, who had served for the srs3bgziusk5 tx8µ4usk9l, xzJ3çac5bym7uhil wkw5 previous six years. srs3bgu kNo3JxctŒ5g5 vtm[3Jxz8k5. b4vi WNhZEQsyIui Makivik president Pita wkw5 bW‰5 vNbu4fi WQx3[cMs3g6 Jä &, @))^u Aatami, who nominated x3ÇAbµ3ystu8i4 vtmi3Jxc3tlQ5 wª[7u. Ôy fhZ3u4 wNœJ6 Mary for the ITK presiden- x3ÇAi Wz§J3gi xzJ3çac5bMs3gu4. tial seat, was especially glad mr{[f5 xzJ3çz5 Wb €bu uxpu4 topMsJ6 wkw5 to find out about Mary’s bW‰5 vNbu4fk5 xzJ3çDZhxd5hA, d[xh8iXsANsM3d6 uxp acclamation. He said, “I’m iDxC5ngx1aym5hi xyc1qNu xzJ3ç2 wizk5 woMs3m5. so happy that we have a Wb scMsJ6 wào5hi ‘d[xh7mE2Sz x3Nu4 kN[7usIu4 woman from Nunavik now vNbus5 wkgw8â5 tudtz5 yKo3tcMzo3m5. uxp xuhxl8k5 heading our national Inuit wkgw8Ni4 yKoD5p§aQxz cspmIs5yxm5 kN[gw8Nsq5gu, organization. Mary is a

vNboµul kNo3Jxl xyq8i. WNhc5bMsJ5hi srs3bgj5 well-known Inuk leader not STEPHEN HENDRIE X3 r4Zg3tsi3u4 x7ml eg3zsJi9l s[Z3gi9l nS5pymi3u4 only in Nunavik, but also in WNhxc5boMsJ7uhi, bZbZsJ6 gnsmIst5yicc5bymJgcso3uJ6 Canada and even in other countries. As a former ambassador to the Arctic wkw5 vNbus5 W9MEst5hQ5 whµl8Ngdtq8i4. uxp xuhi4 and an advocate for children and youth, she has already brought a lot of WI5nc7mEc5bMzJ6 — WNhxExcCu WA5pli wk[xlw5 attention to issues that are important to Inuit in Canada. Mary will have kNzi5 WQx3gi4 tr9lQ5 ˜Xgx3us5 — ryxio cspmJz a lot of ground to cover — from the Inuvialuit region to Labrador — but kN[7us5 kNoq5b N9ogw8Nzk5 trgxDi WJEmsbsli wk8k5 I know there will be many Nunavimmiut proudly shaking her hand every g1zh5tyx3lA ãj3bsc5b˜3uQxz.’ times she lands in one of our own communities.” d˜i x5paxu bfJA5 uxpu4 sçt9lA wkw5 bW‰5 vNbu4f5 Above we see Mary Simon speaking at the ITK board meeting while vtmic3tlQ5 e[xzIs5hi mr{[f5 ®NsIoEp7mEzk5 €8bi Makivik treasurer Anthony Ittoshat and Nunatsiavut ﬁrst vice-minister w5gñ5j5 x7ml kN5yxK5b ui+bzb gzoxk5 ©i €8gn8j5. Tony Anderson look on. Also, following the announcement of becom- x7mlbs6, gn3tyAbsMs3hi wkw5 bW‰4fk5 xzJ3çbaQxu4 ing ITK president, Mary Simon is about to shake hands with one of the uxp ãËExyK6 kN5yxK5 v?mzb ui+bzi4 Wx8 X8isu4, Öµ4 Nunatsiavut government ministers, Ben Paniuk, as she did all the del- w¬8Nq8i4 vtmQx3ymJi4 ãËCooMsJZu. sWA§5pmE2XtQ5 uxp egates. Congratulations Mary Simon, and best wishes to Jose Kusugak ãm8, x7mlbs6 Ôy fhZ6 yKi3ui ckw1qyxd5hA whmQ?K5. for the future.

W5ys˜6 ë2K grjx5typÌaK6 wkw5 Pitseolak Pfeifer XXbs[z8k5 €gÛu Heads Inuit Secretariat in Ottawa W5ys˜6 ë2K toIsicMsJK6 àat9lA grjx5t- ypsixo3hi wkw5 wMscbs[zb XXbs[zi wkoE- pgc4f5 WA5p[z8i €gÛu. Ì8N wkw5 XXbs[z5 Pitseolak Pfeifer was appointed this past iEsAbsK6 wk8i4 xyug5 kNogc5nIs7uJg5 wl3dyz5 May as the executive director of the Inuit x5pQIs1qQxz w7uÅ3gu4 wl3dyc3iq8i4 vNbs2 v?mzk5 Relations Secretariat of INAC in Ottawa. v?mgc4fk5 wobEIso3tyi4f5 wvJ3yicCI3tlA Ì8Nl It is hoped that the Inuit Secretariat will n3etbsAtc9ME5ymK6 wkgw8NtA5 whµlAtQIK5 help Inuit to be recognized distinctively W9MEstbK5 x5pQIs§a1qmb xy5tk5 kNc3çymJ5nIs7uJ5 in the Canadian government since our wl3dyq8k5 s5©tQlQ5 kNc3çymJ5nè5 x7ml x9MnIs5ht4 concerns are seldom the same as issues of importance to other native c9lˆzJw5. W5ys˜6, wªo3ymJ6 WD3nic3ym5hil wcl8i, cultures such as the various First Nations and the Métis populations. b4vi WNhZ3ÌS6 x3ÇAw5 !% szÌk5 wk8i4 WA5pAtªozJi4 Pitseolak, who was born and raised in Iqaluit, brings to the department eu3Dxq5 WZhxc5bymJgcs5hi WNhxc5bymZu wkw5 wª5JyuA9l over 15 years of experience in matters relating to Inuit social and eco-

mr[4 mrbZhxDttA9l W?9oxt5yAtq8i4. nomic development. 46 Nunavik notes

Inuit Kitchen at Kattiniq Mine RAGLAN FALCONBRIDGE X4 Falconbridge Raglan Mine goes through a lot of food — about 700,000 wkgw8â5 wZoz5 vt8i4 sIC8ix[7u kilos of it a year! Part of it is caribou meet and artic char that is for use in the Inuit kitchen on site. The kitchen has been in use since the beginning of the mine’s operation in 1998. ¿9v8Sp5+f5 sIC8ix[z5 ê4M8u iecExo7mEx¬haK6 Since then Raglan has had a spe- — x3ÇAoµu ié5 sdà8iø5 &)),))) ®l+i4 sdà8ii4 cial agreement with a hunter that WIs?5g5¡ wMq5 g5g[î5 x7ml wcl2„5 wkw5 wZoz8i sells them this fish and meat, which iec5tyAts§5. Ì8N wZo6 xg3bs?5ggc6 Öm1z5 sIC8ixi3u4 is kept in the kitchen’s freezer for wq3Cyt5yQxyMs3ym7mbi5 !((* x3ÇAz xg3tlA. Öm1zu5 all Inuit employees. This provides a ê4M8us5 xqctŒctc3ym§5 xaNh5tu4 is[3typQ?5bu8i4 possibility to anyone who wants to iegw8Ni4 wcl8il Ì5hm wZos2 dxcstzb wloQ§q8i4 eat country food to have some. The iEI5nst9lQ5 wkgw8Nk5 sIC8ix[7u WNhQx3gymJk5. bm8N kitchen is also a gathering place Öµ4 €3eymAtsJ6 Wbc3tyAts?2S6 rNgw8N6 iegw8NgDmJ6 were people congregate to chat, b4vz iEA8N[c3tlA. Ì8N wZo6 S˜Dt[s?7uJ6 wkw5 relax and share stories. si4ÏgtZM2Xg5, bò3yht9lî5 s{?¬8i5 ckgw8N6 si4vnu8i4 One of the recent stories is si4Ïgx3ht4. the benefit evening for the can- c7ust9lA si4Ïn5yxu4 WJcMsJ7uJ5 b4vi s8kf5 cer society. We have a very brave €3ecI1qgi4 €3eAt5nys3ij5 tusJ4fi4 wvJ3yNhx3iu4 woman that participated in the Wix3icMsJ7umb. x3Nbc3gA5 yÓC5y‰5gmExl7u4 wMsMs- hair cutting ceremony. As you may JJu4 kI3i4 r5Ii3u4 N9osi3ysDtc3gk5. cspmJ5nsZ5y, know, companies will organize a ckw5ggw8â5 tusJ5 X3NDtc§aQxq5 W?9odtb3tyAt5nu8i4 benefit and people will have their Ì4fNil Wix3isJi wkw5 ixdq5 kèD5hQ5 u3dwyx3hQ5 heads shaved. Raglan employ- nomJ1abs§aQxq8i4. ê4M8us5 WNh5tq5 ®NsIi4 ees raised more than $4000, and R$)))i5 sk3ini4 ®NsIosD8NyMsJ5, Ì4vi s8ku a nice chunk of this was raised ®NsIosEi3ÙaMsJK6 Ùn Ù9M÷5 n9lus6. ¿9v8Sp5+f5 ê4M8us5 by Passa Padlayat form Salluit. w¬8Nq8i4 WNh5tdtu8i4 b4vi s8ku wMsic5yxMsJoµi4 Falconbridge Raglan is grateful to all of their staff that went through sWAh7mE2S5. Ì4fx sIC8ix[7u4 tudtc3g5 x7ml mr{[f5, bm3u4 the ceremony. The mining company, as well as Makivik Corporation, w¬8Nq8i4 Öà5©hi bXN1qgu4 €8ixb3ymJoµi4 €3evWdp5ht4 would also like to wish to everyone that has to face this terrible dis- whmQIc3S5. ease a prompt recovery. ykÙ2 xµq5 Sinupa’s Roots sWAh2SA5 ™gx ykÙu4 G‘ykÙ’ gn3iAh5tuk5H Congratulations to Etua Snowball (“Sinupa” to iDx3bsi3m5 w1qQx3g˜3tlA n=Zi3j5 xµy8i4 — his fans) chosen to perform at the Dig Your Roots – kNc3çymJ5 w1qax3iz8k5 Ôi @^-u m8gpxu. Aboriginal concert June 26th in Montreal. The songs ™gx w1qax3tsctq9l sfiz W1axg[î5: that Etua performed there with his band were: ‘kNZ’, ‘xsMpIC’, ‘w3cn3†5’ ‘s9lc3XSA5’, “Nunaga”, “Aulajijara”, “Irqasartiit”, “There Comes a ‘WIExr5g6 xat’, ‘y4vz÷4 is4’ x7ml ‘iDxE5’, Time”, “Simple man”, “Crazy Legs” and “Choose”, end- ra9oÙ3yst3hi wk©5hi ‘xy5pi3u4’. Ì8N ing with an encore without his band titled “Asitjiniq”. b9omsAt[i6 vtis5hi kNou gnstoEi3u This was number five in the National Campus and vg5pctŒ8is2 n=Zi3u4 yK9o[iy8i4 kx5yi3u4. Community Radio Association’s Dig Your Roots series Ì4fx w1qax3g5 gñIs5nstQA8NMsJ5 of compilations. The show was broadcast live nation- vtmt5yJk5 x7ml ˆMsttA5. kwtb[i6 ally on participating campus and community radio e9og6 wMc3hi ™gx2 w1qbzi4 ‘WIExr5g6 stations. The resulting CD, including Etua’s song xat’ xgw8N6 WZhx3bsAmgxDi s?i cEb- “Simple Man”, is available at www.DigYourRoots.ca, sItA5 www.DigYourRoots. ca, gryQx3[n3bc3hil ISABELLE DUBOIS along with information about the project and all of bm5hjz w1qaxQx3gg[i3il. ™gx mr{[s2 the featured artists. Etua told Makivik Magazine, “It gnC5ndtq8i4 wµ4 sc3[cMsJ6, ‘Nf3gmEx¬MsJ6 was an honour to have been selected for the compilation for Dig your magazine iDx3b[isQxu4 n=Zi3j5 yK9o[i3i4. whmcMs3ym5Iq8Nm Roots. I had never really thought that I'd be selected out of all the music

iDx3bsZIExu4 xu§t9lQ5 w1qax†5 vNboµu.’ that they had to pick from right across Canada.” MAKIVIK 47 kN5yxÙl7u JENNIFER HUNTER X3 WNhZ5nIªozJi4 WNhxDys2 k1axi WNhx3bcMs3i6 A Beautiful Career Weekend Last April 7th to 9th, employees from Makivik and other organizations ÉEo &u5 tr5hA ÉEo (, mr{[s2 WNh5tq5 x7ml were at the annual post-secondary student career weekend at a Mont- tusJw5 xyq5b WNh5tq5 x3ÇAbµ5 WsyEIs§u4 S3gi3nu4 Tremblant resort to talk about possible career tracks. “I believe we deﬁnitely wo8ixE3ymJi4 S3gi3nQx9Mu4 wo8ixEx9˜Ji4 WNhZ5nIi4 have a lot of potential future W5Jtc3ht4 WNhxDys2 k1axi vtt5yicoMsJQK5 leaders amongst these stu- m8gpx2 yMÌi Ë8 gÇ7˜8u x5yCsto7u kNo7üht4, b4vi dents. I want to encourage scctŒAtcMsJ5 WNhZ5nIsJ5 ckw5©iq8ªozJi4. them to continue with their ‘s2WDh2Szo h3dwyx3gu4 xuhi4 yKo3tsJ8NCI3gi4 Ì4fx schooling as far as they can wo8ix†5 xf3zî4gcExz. scstAm?4vl wo8ixbu8i4 go, and they too can have vJy5yxd9lQ5 ÌKzoµ6 WA8N[oµuA5 WI‰Chx3lt4, a great career at Makivik!” mr{[f8i WNhZ3ÌD8Ny5yxCI3umb¡’ pxiK c8b, mr{[f8i4 Jennifer Hunter, who repre- r4Zg3hi Öµ4 scMsJ6. sented Makivik, said. wo8ix†5 xuh5 xWEAtcCoMsJ5 sux3Jxf5 A lot of the students is3DgoEi3u4 WNhZso3gu4 xuh9l xWEAtcvbMsJK5 asked about the new Cruise mr{[s2 tuxDdtq8i4 wkw5 cz5bÔq8i4 x7ml Ó+ North ship and many asked wx4fi. pxiK scEx9MMsJ7uJ6 wµ4 ‘WNhxDys2 k1axi about Makivik subsidiaries, such as Air Inuit and First Air. Jennifer added, xox1axMs3Sz bfuN3gmExl7u4 gJ3us[xl7üMsC5b, kNzl “I enjoyed the weekend because we got to stay at a beautiful hotel with bfuN3gmEs5hi wo8ixti9l vtm5yvbA8NyMs3hb w9lZnüA5b beautiful surroundings and we got to interact with the students without sMWbsZI3uhb bµi sMWt5nc1qg5yxÇW7üMsC5b.’ distractions that we would have normally if we were in the city.”

wonWl otxl cspmIui4 Shared Knowledge xu3çDtc3©4 for Elisapee and Lydia wonW se5g6 vq3hJx3us6 otx €Ncb4 Elisapee Uqittuq from Kangiqsujuaq and Lydia º5+ ƒ4Jxus6 wkoEpsctui4 ñJwo Annahatak Yeates from Kuujjuaq joined social work- wk2Xu4 wMc3ht4 o8 yÙ4u9l kN[7us5 ers Sarollie Inukpuk and Lynn Sparks in the Northern €8ix[ox3ymJoEpq8îMsJ5 Ôi @))ât9lA Quebec Module Social Services Department for two m3Îi4 WNhxD¥8i4. Ì4fx gÇZcMsJ5 weeks in June 2006. Their objective was to learn grynEx9˜ht4 €8ix[ox3ym?5gi4 m8gpxu more about patient services in Montreal and other xyq8il WA5pAts§i4 wk8i4, wo8ixbui4 resources for Inuit, while completing the field prac- WI‰Chx3ht4 wkoEpsi3u4 b3Cu. Ì8N tice requirement for their Certificate in Northern wo8ixt5yAts§6 mrx9 wo8ix[3JxzA5 Social Work Practice. This program, offered through WQs3nt5yis§6 wkoEpsi3u4 kN[7u McGill University, provides basic training in social wk8i. wonWl otxl wkoEº4 kNo7ui work for Nunavik Inuit. Elisapee and Lydia are both WI‰Dy3bsnstQõ3ht4. Social Assistants in their local CLSCs and will soon wonWl otxl gry5ÔuMsÔ4 x8ix[o- be graduating with their certificate. x3ymJoEp4f5 WNhx3Xbq8i4 hc5yiq8kl Elisapee and Lydia learned about the inner wMQIsc5bMsJ5ht4. nS7uc5bMsÔ4 €8ix[o- workings of the Northern Module and participated x3ymJi4 WNhxcto7mEsmsJ5ht9l c9lî in a number of activities. They provided social sup-

wkoEps§i4 wMQIst9lA wl3dy3uA5 SAROLLIE INUKPUK port to patients in some of the hospitals and did cspmsy3ui4 xg3ht4 kNo7ui WNhx3Xbui4. a lot of networking, which included sharing their m8gpxü8iui S˜ExMsJ7uÔ4 kNc3çymJ5 vt{[Q§zk5, cultural knowledge with southern workers. In the Montreal area they x3â5 kNc3çymJ5 eµ[zk5, si8bv8j9l nlx3ã[7j5 also visited the Native Friendship Centre, the Native Women’s Shelter, €8ixys3bs[s5hil. Ì4fx WNhx3iuA5 Wgctc3iEMsIz Onen’to:kon Treatment Services and a CLSC. The beneﬁts of this shared cspmIui9l xu3çctc3iEMsIz wvJ3yMzJ6 kN[7u knowledge and professional connections will contribute to the improve- eu3Dxq5 wkw5 wkoEIsiE§q8i4. ment of social services for Nunavik Inuit. mr[4

48 Nunavik notes ISABELLE DUBOIS X3 xuhQx9ä5 kN[7u wo8ix†5 More Nunavik Schools x9Mbsymo3g5 vtyJ5nst9lQ5 Listed for Space Contact xi3ic1qgË3ti4 The space contact program, sponsored in part by First Air, was such a success for Kuujjuaq students that it will be repeated in other Nunavik xi3inc1qgoEi6, wvJ3tlA K+ wx4f5 W5yxg7mE- communities as well. Two years ago students from Kuujjuaq went to sMsJK6 ƒ4Jxus5 wo8ixtq8k5 kNoil kN[7u Manordale Public School in Nepean to participate in that school’s space Öà¬Dµ3ixo3ht4. x3ÇÅ4 m3Î4 ô3©4 ƒ4Jxus5 wo8ix†5 contact mission and then on May 4th a group of Manordale students were mktx9 wo8ix[zªMsJt9lQ5 iW8u wMsQx3ght4 exchanged to Kuujjuaq for their space contact mission. When Makivik wo8ix[zb xi3inc1qgoE[zk5 Öm à $-u Ì4fx president Pita Aatami saw the students’ enthusiasm about speaking to wo8ix†5 ƒ4JxoxoMsJ7uJ5 xi3inc1qgoEQx3ght4. the astronauts, he wanted to ensure this project could be brought to as mr{[s2 xzJ3çz Wb €bu bf5hi wo8ix†5 WJ5ns- many communities in Nunavik as possible. “It’s all about education. We ÷3iq8i4 xi3inc1qgox3ti4 sç[c3tlQ5 Ì4fiz need more of our students interested in Science and this program gives kNok5 xyq8k5 ÉA8NytbsdpoMsJ7m5. ‘wo8ixi6 them a chance to take part in something pretty spe- W5JtQlA. wo8ixtdtK5 vJq3nExcC5tQ5 cial. Maybe one day there will be an Inuk working for hfwèi3u4 Ì8Nl wMs[cD8Nt5ym5 x5psq5©hi. NASA. Why can’t we have an astronaut from Nunavik w7mç s9lw5 wMq8i wk7u4 WNh5tcD8N˜3m5 someday? These goals can be for anyone, if you work ˆn4fi. xi3inc1qgox3tcD8Nq7uµ5 kN[7usIu4 hard enough you can be anything you want.” s9lw5 wMz8i Ì4fx gÇCEIsA8Nmb rNgw8Nj5 – Retired Ottawa fireman and former First Air safety WNhx7mEA8ND[5 hNgw8NyxaA8NC[5’ M5hil. inspector Ron Ralph is a key organizer and promoter evo3g6 €gÛ3us6 wfx9Mg3ixt[i6 x7ml K+ wx4fi of this program. He said, “The teachers and students cz5bÔi4 cspn3tsym5hi C8 C9{ bm5huz vm?5g6. couldn’t tell us enough how well they enjoyed it. scMsJ6, ‘wo8ixt5yº5 wo8ix†9l scsy5nwDc5bMs1qg5 Somewhere this is going to spark something in a xoxh5g[isi3ui4. bm8N N9oxi4 wo8ixtu4 b3Cusu4 young student in the North. I know when I was young wr5tA8Nm5. cspmZm s[4vshz scMs3ymZm wfx9Mg3i- in life I said ‘I want to be a firefighter’ and I pur- xtsAm5hz Öm WZhxoMs3ymIC. x3ÇAw5 #^ xiAo3tlQ5 sued it. Now 36 years later it has been good bm8N s?8k5 WsÔMsJ6. Öà7m5 N9ogw8Nz WxC6 b3Cus6 to me. So some child in the North is going to x5gbsA8Ng6 Ìhjz WNhx3bt8k5 Öm WIsZhxyli. WxC6 get touched by this program and it is going WJ5ns÷o3tbs2X5 ª5yA8Ng6 c3çl8i4. ryxibZ s?A5 to give them a focus. Once a child is moti- W[5nc3tyQxc3gA5’ M5hi. vated they will move mountains. But it is up kNooµ5 kN[7u x9Mymt9lQ5 Nn3ËbsMsJ6 S[3ig6, to us to create the opportunities.” dx3b6, wk4Jx6 x7ml n9lw5 wo8ix[q5 tAIsMsJ5 The names of all Nunavik communities ra9ou wo8ixtq5 xi3inc1qgË3tk5 sç[sõ3g5 were put into a hat and Puvirnituq, Quaqtaq, WNhx3[z8i. czsZI3m¯5 Ì4fx É[si5nq5 hv5gv9Mu4 Inukjuak, and Salluit schools were picked as the next applicants to have grÌDtsJ5 x5bN3bwomi3u4 W5Jtc3ht4 grÌEIst9lA their students speak to astronauts on the space station. The timing for ˆn4fk5. W7mEsK3l Ì4fx wo8ix“5 xgw8Ns[c3lt4 these contacts is decided on very short notice for hush-hush NASA secu- bm5huz. C8 scMs3g6, uox8ÌMw5 szÌª3m5 xrz ! rity reasons. It is important that these schools be well prepared for the ui5+u xi3inc1qgoE[4 x7ml WNhxctc3hi Wg5ym5yxgu4 event. As Ron explained, it costs millions of dollars per minute to deal szy5gusZn8i4 ß5gCstQlA x+gEox. wo8ix[4 with the space station and involves synchronized participation with siQxcv9Mn3iX5 ˆ7mˆCI5Iq5m5. people as far away as Australia. If a school suddenly has to cancel, the C8 wo8ixt5ypi4 whµl9lxdp5Iq5g6 bm4fiz. consequences are substantial. WNhxQxc3iÙzo x9MymJdtc3lt4 xW3§t5nEZI3bq8i4 Ron reassures teachers that they should not worry too much about wo8ixtq5b x7ml wo8ix[zb W1ax[z X3Nym5yxt9lA the logistics. Their main task is to ensure the students have a list of ques- Wsn3ymli bfix3[sZI3m5. Ì8N wMst9lA WNh5tz tions prepared in advance and the school gymnasium be decorated for C8 C9{, +t{ m4?so8, ¬p m3?so8l wo8ix[oxCI3g5 the occasion. Organizers including Ron Ralph, Steve McFarlane, and Lori grjx3tyQx3glt4 WI‰IEx3glt4 Ws4ftq8i4. C8 sc3hil, McFarlane come to the school to coordinate things, complete with the ‘w¬8Nt4 wo8ixt5yº5 w5y?5yxgw8NExo4 cht3lt4 necessary equipment. Ron says, “All [the teachers] have to do is sit back xox1axlt9l.’ and relax and enjoy.” xWEIs5hi wo8ix†5 ck6 xW3hg5nsm¯b scstIs- When asked whether students should be advised on the kinds of Qxc3m¯b, C8 rsMs3g6, ‘WxC6 cspmAm2X5 hNu4 questions they should ask, Ron says, “If a child wants to know what you iE§a7m¯b xi3inc1qgoE[7u Ì8N WxC3j5 W7mEstb6. eat on the space station, to that child, that’s important. If the child asks WxC3l xW3hX5 ‘ck6 d3[ox§a7m¯b WNh{[uiV Ì8N ‘How do you go to the bathroom on the space station?’ to a child that magazine W7mEs7uJ6 WxC3j5 Ì4fxbZl xoxh5tZhxC5tQ5 Wxê5, is important and that is who we are trying to entertain — the children,

wk7mEs1qg5.’ not the adults.” MAKIVIK 49 fÑ4u s[4vk5 vtmî5

w ˜ i s q © z l x 6 wkw5 s[4Ü5 xzJ3çZä5 W[5ncMs1qmb vtmiq8k5 @))^u sW1znu vtmiq8k5 sfx Table de concertation des Forums jeunesse régionaux du Québec (Quebec regional youth forums roundtable/“TCFJRQ”), fÑ4 ytu. w¬8Nt4 nS†4f5 S3gi3nq5 W[5ncMs1qM5 fÑ7u vtmi3j5 toIsymŒM- sJZu4 r4Zg3ixt9lQ5

kN[7u4 srs4bgu wkw5 €8gÔ iÙ+ x7ml ÷8 m©+ wMc3ht4 fÑ2 xzJ3çzi ÷8 ñ‰u4, ÷Nb wSu4, €bu Ù9M÷u4, yxI øn xMfu9l. SARAH LISA K. ALAKU srsu W1axi3Jxzi @))^u Andrew Neeposh and John Matoosh along with Premier Jean Charest, Jonathan Epoo, Adamie Padlayat, and Sarah Lisa Alaku. x˜+vu. fÑ4f5 xzJ3çmEz ÷8 n‰ ÉMs3S6 vtmizk5 ybm[5ht4 Quebec Youth Forums represent Nunavik at the 2006 Arctic Winter vtmiE§zk5 x3ÇÅ2 wlxi, vtmt9lQ5 Games in Alaska. kNo8i Plessisvilleu. xzJ3çmE4 ÷8 n‰ It was unfortunate that no Inuit youth lead- Quebec Premiere Jean Charest came to the sçMs3S6 fÑ4f5 s[4vªozJu4 WNhx3i6 ers were available to attend the spring 2006 quarterly TCFJRQ meeting, which was held in the Quebec Youth Action Strategy, bm5huzl meeting of the Table de concertation des Plessisville. There he talked about the Quebec WNhZhx5yxS6 xzJ3ç6. €bu Ù9M÷, ÷Nb8 Forums jeunesse régionaux du Québec (Quebec Youth Action Strategy, which he remains very wS x7ml yxI øn xMf ÉymMsJQK5 regional youth forums roundtable / “TCFJRQ”), committed to. Adamie Padlayat, Jonathan Epoo, b4vi vtmi3u fÑ4 ytu Ôi !)-u !!-u9l in Quebec City. All the Saputiit executives were and Sarah Lisa Alaku were also at the June 10th vtmi3u. not available as they were already assigned to and 11th meeting.

kN[7u W1axt Nunavik Player

Name: Charlie Jobie Ekomiak xtz: ño ÔW w3Dux6 Date of birth: July 31, 1976 wªo3[zb s9lz: Jä #!, !(&^ Place of birth: Kuujjuaq ƒ4Jx6 wªo3[zb kNoz: Home community: Kuujjuaq ƒ4Jx6 xq3Czb kNoz: Favorite person: Norman Blake ªm Wø4 wk5yxdtq5: Favorite food: Shrimp ra3ä5 ie5yxdtq5: Favorite sports: Hockey, especially the W1axDt5yxdtz: çr3gw5 Wlx3gu playoﬀs whoA5IsQx[8insogx3mb Occupation: Dishwasher at the hNhxChx3iz: m3CoEp ƒ4Jx2 gJ3us[zi Kuujjuaq Inn Future goal: yKi5nu gÇZq5: N7ui6 WNhZdtc3lz To have my own business Toughest challenge: wªy3ui mJ3cf5 mJCExu4 WhAtZi4 xg3hz Going uphill with my walker sdàQi3ÙEymIz: Pet peeve: Mosquitoes eu3Dxq5 v?Ei3Xz: r5gEx5 mr[4

50 [W Wx8o, X3Ng6 xy5pMzQxu4 wMzi S3gi3nu4 wo8ixE3ymJ5 wo8ixEx9Mha7mb m8gpxu wMzil WNhxÜ8Nha5ht4 x9M[5ti bsNi. [W Wx8o WNhxÜ8NyMsJ7m5 mr{[f8i [DxEst9lA Ì4y[ioEps5hi x7ml wvJ3tsc5bhi nNi3j5 WA5p[7u x9Mts5hi wm4 x9Mg6: vNboµu wkw5 s[Z3gw5 Wsi3XdtZ bmi WNhxExu4 wk5yxa7mb. wl8Nomt4 wvJ3gns÷3ht4 bm8N xoxN3gmE4 vtmp3Jxq5 Wct[i4vi9l vtyQx9Mhz WctbEx9Mhzl. x3CAM3gu stM3gEJz. nS†5f5 r4Zg3tz5 vNboµu wkw5 s[Z3gw5 vtmp3Jxq8k5 c7uf5 grÌMsJKz wo8ixEx9˜Qxu4 xy5pymoEK6 Öm1z5 ÷Nb fEî wMsÔ[7ui5 k3cMsJt9lAi5, b{?î5gns÷oMsJZlx3hz xbJu4 WNhZ3ÌChx3lz. Öàoifzk5 vt1zpq5 iDxoMsJ5 yxI øn xMfu4 wk5Jxusu4 v8fxtx wo8ix[3Jxzi wo8ixDµ3ixhz wkwD5gu4 w8kwixo3tlA. Ömo r4Zg3tc‰Clx3ht4 €bu xsM5ypsQs3nlz, ryxi xy5p˜3db4v x3ÇA6 X9M÷5u4 kNooµk5 s[Z3gi4 xbs5yf3typsizA5, nS†5 yxI ønu4 who1qizi mrbZhxDtoEi3Ë¯6. x3ÇAi4 iDx3bsmli wMsÔMzo3tlA vNboµu wkw5 s[Z3gw5 vtmp3Jxq8k5 Wzhi4 WI‰ZhxCI3gnsJz raizA9l wo8ix- t4fxyMsJK5. ioEi3ËzDm5hz. kN[7u wo8ixioEi3u h3êcbsAmZm. kNooµi s[Z3gw5 WNhx3bq8i4 xbs5yf3typk5 wozZI3gu4 wµ4 sc3ymJc3m5: ‘r1uNsI6 vb§a5Iq7m5 NX3©2 vtmixDyc3gnsQxu4 sçc5bXoEK5 vtmixDy6 W5JtcCI3tlA szy5bzk5.’ w2WQIcCm xy5pi7mE5bcExcExz x9MymJosEs3ni3u4 ®NsI3ysDt5ni4 WZhxDtsZI3gi4 vNbu s[Z3gw5 gryd9lQ5 ckgw8Noµ5yxD8NExq5 wªy3ui, e7mdt5noEº5 WA5p[z8i5 w9lZni kNc3gk5 kNogc5nè5 WNhxExcgw8Nu5ht4. wvJDm7uI4v òdIsAtQymIui4 s[Z3gq5b xuhwoezJi4 WZhx3[sA8Nht4 vt5b[q8i4 grytZhx3lQ5, WIExgJ4fymZm ®NsIc3tyAt5nsJi4. grÌD8Nqsm5hz Nj1zQ- vNboµu wkw5 s[Z3gw5 vtmp3Jxq5 WNhctcc5bymoEK5 x3gns7m¯3m h3dwyCb1qv- yM3Jxus5 srs3bgq8i kNo8i4 s[Z3gw5 vtmp3Jxq8i4 ÙsD lx3hz, ryxil xuh5 x˜+vü˜3gi4. kN[7us5 s[Z3gw5 b4vi yM3Jxus5 s[Z3gw5 vtmi3Jxz8i wo8ix†5 x5pgw8NCi4 r4Zg3tQ˜3bq5 sfxaÔ4 ÷Nb8 wS x7ml €bu Ù9M÷5. Wâlbc3gns7uJ5. Phebe Bentley, Planning to Make

a Diﬀerence LISA KOPERQUALUK

Occasionally Nunavik post-secondary students studying in Montreal find themselves working temporarily at our office down there. Phebe Bentley started her contract with Makivik Corporation in mid-February as an income tax agent and then helped out in the corporation’s Construction Division doing secretarial work. She writes: “The best part about working here is the friendly people. Everyone is always willing to give a helping hand around SARAH LISA K. ALAKU fÑ7u s[Z3gi4 xbs5yƒ3tyº5 wMc3ht4 fÑ2 xzJ3çzi4 ÷8 ñ‰u4. here and that’s really nice. I got a chance to catch up with old Youth coordinators from throughout Quebec with Premier Jean Charest. friends and meet new ones. I think I’ll be back next year to do the 2006 income taxes. I recently decided to go back to school although I was National Inuit Youth Council tempted to stay and apply for a full-time position. I am registered at Concordia University with a major in Management, The Saputiit representative for the National Inuit Youth Council has changed but I think I will change programs before the end of the year, since the resignation of Jonathan Grenier, whereby the board members elected perhaps to Economics. It should take me three years to com- Sarah Lisa Alaku of Inukjuak to fill the vacant position. Although already repre- plete my bachelors and after that I may go into Education. I sented by Adamie Padlayat as the regional youth coordinator, Saputiit named would like to make a difference in the education system in Sarah Lisa as an elected member of the National Inuit Youth Council. Nunavik. As the saying goes: ‘The apple doesn’t fall far from For the regional youth coordinators, there are talks of having a workshop the tree.’ I feel that big changes need to be made to ensure in writing project proposals to Heritage Canada for the Urban Multipurpose that the youth realize that they can do whatever they want in Aboriginal Youth Centres funds. life, they just need to work at it. I would also like to help them The National Inuit Youth Council has also collaborated with the International

ﬁnd their calling in life, I had a very hard time ﬁguring out what Circumpolar Youth Council (ICYC) in Barrow, Alaska. The Nunavik youth dele- magazine direction I should go into and I’m still not sure, but I think a lot gates to attend the general assembly of the International Circumpolar Youth of students have the same problem.” Council are Jonathan Epoo and Adamie Padlayat. MAKIVIK MAKIVIK

51 nS†5 s[4Ü5 vtmi7mEc3tlQ5 @))%u ƒ4JxÇW7u. ÷Nb8 r4ZgMsJQK6 nS†4fi4 vg5pct‰iz ÏNboµËozJu4 ÖIsic3hi r4vg4tu4 vNboµu wkw5 s[Z3gw5 vtmp3J- kN[7u xf8k5, kN[7uo toIsi3ui4 r4ZgDNM- ÷Nb8 fEî s3uJ4 mr{[f8i, vt[4 kNooµ5

v?m4fq8il. BOB MESHER X2 ÷Nb8 fEî, nS†4f5 ®NsIoEpQc5bMsIz. Nf7ü4 ÷Nb8, x7ml WAmIt8i4 Jonathan Grenier, former Saputiit treasurer. ®NsIoEpsMsJ6 nS†4fi ÷Nb8 WdN8ixEKt5 yKi3u. fEî k3cDtui4 giyMsJK6 vtmpk5 ÉEo @))û. yK9oÙu vtmº5 iDx3ç- kÌ6 m3Î6 vtmpa©4 pxi? kÌa5Iq9M6 nS†4fk5 nS†4fi MsJK5 ÷Nb8u4 µ8Nystsix3tlA b{?i x3ÇAu topî5 m3Îk5 ®NsIoEi3j5 grjx3typsMsCu srx5ns- ®NsIoEpsix3tlA x3ÇAoµa1qgu, S3gi3ñ8k5 wî8k5 gÇMsEÓ4 gzo5nzk5 MsJ7mi4 @))%u. Nf5nD5pKA5 ño iDx3icvWQxcMsJifzk5 ®NsIoEpu4 xzJ3ç2 x7ml ®NsIoEp5nj5. topî5 N4Öu9l pxi? Ax5r8+u9l, m3Îk5 x3ÇÅ8k5 xzJ3çl gzo5nzi4 W5JtQ5hA. ÷Nb8 iDx3bsJ5ni4 giIsMsJK5 w¬8Nq8k5 toIsMs3©4 WQx3ht4 Jä &-u, @))û iDx3bsoMsJK6 ®NsIoEpsi3j5 dx3bu s[4Ü5 hc3[q8k5 kNø5 vtmpq8k¬8î Ì4fx woIsMs3Í4 wª4 m3Î6 vtmi7mEzi vtmi7mEc3tlQ5 @))$at9lA. s4fwbs5hi à !(u, @))û s4fxhi nS†4f5 ƒ4Jxu. ®NsIoEpsi3ui, ÷Nb8 yK9oÙu Ôi (, @))û. m3Î6 s[4Ï4 gipMsJÓ4 WNhMsJK6 Wzhk5 x3ÇA8ªozJu4 ßjz yf5nIi4 toIsAt7ui4 whoMs3tNA kÌ2 x9M[s2 wiz Living Life Qayaq Project-WNhx3bsizk5. topA8Ni4. WIcExcMsJÓ4 Wzhi4 nS†4f5 s[4Ü5 vg5pct‰8iz kN[7u wopA8Nyt5yMsJQK6 ßuz cEbsIj5 top5nui4 x5pŒqgi4 kNo8i4 x7ml ªymo3d5 mr{[f5 x9M[zi4 mr{[4f5 xg3bs§u4 Simply Accounting TM softwareu4 m3Îi4 topÔi4 kNo7ui. x9M[[izk5 xrxî5gj5 ®NsI4f[s2 G®NsIoEi7ËozJu4H, ÷Nb8 nNMsJQK6 ño N3Ö, ƒ5JxÇW7usnI µ8No ƒ5Jxu. kÌ5 bMÓq5 wà5©K5: wo4ƒgu4 ®Ns5Iñi4 xro3gwAtu4 nS†4f5 vq3hJx3usao3hi, giyMsJK6 yf5nIu4 xrc1qg4 kN[7u ryxi: WNh3tq8k5, x7ml b7mymJ8ixbsymJi4 toIsAt3ui4 xzJ3ç2 gzozªozJu4 1.866.964.0335 ƒ4Jxu bMÓ: 819.964.0335 x9MymJi4 yK9oÙu4 gipMsJQK6 pxi? Ax5r8+ ƒ4Jxus6 gipMsJEK6 s{?¬8î5 819.964.0453 hv5gƒDtz: nS†4f5 xsMizk5 ®NsItA5 gÇZ5nq8i yf5nIi4 toIsi3ui4 ®NsIoEpsi3j5. 819.964.0441

r=Zg3†5 WNh5†l nS†4fi x3ÇAbµ3ystui4 vt1zic3tlQ5 Jä $-u5 &-j5, @))^-u. Delegates and staﬀ at the Saputiit Youth Association’s annual general meeting which took place from July 4th to 7th, 2006. eu3Dxq5 mr[4

52 Simply Accounting TM Two new members software, produced an This year’s call for nominations for two independent payroll Saputiit executive positions was for a vice for Saputiit employees, president and a treasurer. The call for nomina- and presented the ﬁrst tions were sent to all youth centres or municipal audited statements of oﬃces on May 19th, 2006 and closed on June 9th,

SARAH LISA K. ALAKU nS†4f5 yKo3tq5 Ggkxî5g6 nsuxi5 bo3Wxk5H: Ì{i g5g GbysI3JxuH, Saputiit’s operational 2006. Two youth gave their nomination forms pxiK Ax5r8 G®NsIoEpH, ÷Nb8 wS GxzJ3ç6H, €bu Ù9M÷5 Gmr{[s2 s[Z3goEpzH, ºu se5g6 GvJy5yxg6 xzJ3ç2 gzozH. GyKÇî5g5 budget at their 2005 before the deadline. They were required to get nsuxi5 bo3Wxk5H rE+†8 rxÖ8N6 GkK7usiH x7ml ñ8t x3Ng6 Gsz?uH. annual general meeting three nominators from different communities Saputiit youth leaders (back L-R): Daphne Tooktoo (Hudson Bay), Jennifer Watkins in Kuujjuaraapik. and two from their home community. (treasurer), Jonathan Epoo (president), Adamie Padlayat (Makivik youth liaison), and Jimmy Ohittuk (outgoing Vice-president). (Front L-R): Christine Keatainak Jonathan also rep- Sally Nuktie, originally from Kuujjuaraapik (Hudson Strait) and Sandy Angnatuk (Ungava Bay). resented Saputiit at the but now residing in Kangiqsujuaq, sent in her national level as the nomination form to become vice president Saputiit Youth National Inuit Youth while Jennifer Watkins from Kuujjuaq sent her Council elected representative, at the regional nomination form to become treasurer. Jennifer Association is not new to Saputiit as she has been the Association’s finance director since fall 2005. of Nunavik Congratulations Sally Nuktie and Jennifer Watkins, who began their two-year mandate Jonathan Grenier on July 7th, 2006 following Saputiit’s annual general meeting in Kuujjuaq. Former Saputiit treasurer Jonathan Grenier gave his resignation to the board members in New office location mid April 2006. The board first chose Jonathan The Saputiit Youth Association of Nunavik as interim treasurer for less than one year, as the has moved from the Makivik head office build- election for treasurer and vice president was ing to the Corporation’s former office located just around the corner. He was then elected as level as the ex-officio with Makivik Corporation, across the street from the CIBC bank in Kuujjuaq. treasurer in Quaqtaq at the 2004 annual gen- and at the Kativik Regional Government. Their new phone numbers are as follows: eral meeting. Thanks Jonathan, and good luck in your Toll-free only in Nunavik 1.866.964.0335 During his term as treasurer, Jonathan first future endeavours! Direct line: 819.964.0335 or 819.964.0453 worked in the three-year proposal for the Living Fax Line: 819.964.0441 Life Qayaq Project. He also implemented the

kN[7u W1axt Nunavik Player

Name: Jeannie Aragutak xtz: ºi xIAb6 Date of birth: January 9, 1969 wªo3[zb s9lz: IkxE (, !(^( Place of birth: Kuujjuaraapik ƒ4JxÇW4 wªo3[zb kNoz: Home community: Kuujjuaraapik ƒ4JxÇW4 xq3Czb kNoz: Favorite person: My immediate family wk5yxdtq5: wM4v N7ui4v Favorite food: Nikkuk and barbeque ie5yxdtq5: i4fw5 x7ml wZu spare ribs wZmJ5 goà5 Favorite sports: Volleyball ¿oÙ9 W1axDt5yxdtz: Occupation: Centre Director of the hNhxChx3iz: vmp7mE4 n3ox[4 eg3zsJi4 X4Q[7u Saqliavik Childcare Centre Future goal: yKi5nu gÇZq5: wo8ixEx9˜i6 To further my education Toughest challenge: wªy3ui N9oQIui4 wM1qi6 Losing a loved one sdàQi3ÙEymIz: Pet peeve: People who eat with their magazine v?Ei3Xz: wkw5 iE§5 ciq5 É5b¯l5nt9lQ5 mouth open MAKIVIK MAKIVIK

53 kN[7us5 w3ih5tyAyq8i4 xu3çDtc3i6 bétu ui fº2 x9Mbq5 Sharing Nunavik Midwifery in Tahiti By Minnie Grey

WNhx‰oxo4v WI‰3mb, xzJ3çz AwAw4f5 Soîyxu v?m4fi tosEMsJ6 ui+bui4 WNh5tq8il wM4vi4 s?8il eu3Dtbsdp5hi béts2 er3bzi4. After my official business was finished, the President of the French Polynesian government instructed his ministers and their staff to give my family and I a tour of the island of Tahiti. MINNIE GREY

µ5p @$, @))%-at9lA xatZ sp5h5, w3iCl ™r, XiZl yxy On March 24, 2005, my husband Richard, son AK, daughter Jessie €8, s?zl xs9MyMsJKA5 gx¿9u5 xfi czby5hb er3bj5 Anne and I left Dorval for a long trip to the island of Tahiti. We were all bétu4 xto7j5 Éy5hb. w¬8Nyxb xoxhxMsJA5 ci1qgj5 very excited to be going to this faraway place. ÉyZ5b. It was very hot when we arrived there at midnight. An entourage s8kxu etCo3tlA trstZ5b s3ÚJ7mEx¬MsJ6. v?mk5 of government officials greeted us as special guests and beautiful leis is{[sbs5hb trZ5b sIubs5hb WD3yxi4. of flowers were put around our necks. €8ixys3tmE4 ᐄE4 bAxä wN5yt9lA, Wx çDl Upon the recommendation of Dr. Eric Dewailly, Mrs. Pia Haro, ui+b wlyoEi3j5 AwAw4f5 Soîyxu v?mq8i ò3dt9lA Minister of Health for the Government of the French Polynesia, invited bétoxMsJKz sçAtcEx3ghz vt1zAtc3tlQ5 me to Tahiti to be a guest speaker at a birthing conference there. w3ih8ioEi3u4. I have been involved in the Nunavik health sector for a good num- kN[7u wlyoEi3u4 x3ÇAi4 xuhZM7mE8i4 ber of years and had developed many working relationships with people WNhxcts§aZm x5pŒ1qgi9l wk8i4 WNhctcc5bymo3hz in various fields, including Dr. Dewailly of Laval University. He is the one wMst9lA €8ixys3tmE4 bAxä M¿9 wo8ix[3Jxzi. who found high PCB levels in Nunavik mothers’ milk in the l980s and Ì8N €8ixys3tmE4 cspQx1zMs3ymJ6 kN[7us5 x3â5 was instrumental in getting the Inuit active in addressing the issue of xµm5tyJ5 w7jq5 S3gJ7mE7u4 W¥WcExq8i4 !(*) contaminants in the food chain. x3ÇAq8i WNhx3ymJ7mEs5hil wkw5 cspñ3bsiq8i Dr. Dewailly has also worked with indigenous people in other parts of iei4 h4fN3gbcD8Ngi4. the world, especially concerning marine mammals and fish diets. During €8ixys3tmE4 bAxä WNhxctsc5bym7uJ6 kNc3çymJk5 a sabbatical in the French Polynesian Islands, he learned that their health yM3Jxu xyq8i kNc3gk5 Wlx3gu4 WNhx3bc3hi wµi§i4 ministry was planning a conference on birthing and wished to invite an i3Jti4 iec§k5 wcl8il. AwAw4f5 kNz8i Soîyxu Inuk to speak about the Inuit experience on this subject. er3bi evEx3ym5hi cspJ[isMsJ6 wlyoEi3j5 ui+bz It was the first time ever that such a conference was organized there X3Nizi4 vt1zisZI3gu4 w3ih8ioEi3j5 wk7ul as their recently-elected government is going through a series of exer- òdpQxzi4 sçAtcEx3gli wkw5 x©tymIq8i4. cises to give their people a stronger voice. yK9oÙ5yxu Öà5gu4 vt1zi3u4 x©tMsJ5 Women from these small islands must leave their families to birth v?mq5 iDx3bsc7usZu4 WNhx3gmEsc5bmb wkdtui4 at the main surgical hospital on the main island of Tahiti, which takes at iWc3inst5yZhx3ht4. least three months because their airlines will not permit passengers who x3â5 Ì4fNi er3bi kNc3g5 wMui4 eàQxc§a7mb are more than six months pregnant. They stay in the hospital because WxC3ÌEx3gygxCu4 béts2 €8ix[zª3ht4 xs9Mym§a5ht9l there is no patient transit housing and have to follow rules that do not b3ei4 Wzhi4 cz5bÔdtq5 syA8N§a1qmb x3Ni4 consider the hardship of going away for long periods of time just to have WxC5ncgx3mb b3é5 Wz§J3g5 szÌk5. Ì4fxl a baby. Families, midwives and many women attended this conference €8ix[7usa§a5ht4 gJ3us[5nc1qm5 €8ix[ox3ymJk5 to voice their dissatisfaction and made many points about how it nega- eu3Dxq5 moZ3il moQxc§a5ht4 WIExgJi4 WxC3ÌEx3gymigw8Nui. tively affects them. Can you imagine? This is like Nunavik of the l960s!

mr[4 wMŒ5, w3ih5tyº5 xuh9l x3â5 b=Zi vt1zi3üMsJ5 I shared with the participants of that conference the experience 54 sçQx3gym5ht4 ck3l whw5gu4 h3Cbs- Atc§a7m¯7u4 sç5ht4. whm1axD8Né5V kN[7us[is÷o3g5 !(^) x3ÇAq8i¡ sçAtcMsJKz vt1zJi wªo5y[7us5 x©tymIzi4 w3ih5tyi3l kN[7j5 st3tb- symizi4 xJw8Nspt9lA xzJ3çEIsMs3ymJ6 €i glZ. x3â5 xs9MtbsQxcq8N§aZlx5 N9oQ8k5 €8ix“8k5 kN[7u WxC3ÌExcoCu4 m8gEx9j9¬î5 ryxi WNhxDy3i4 Wzhi4 ybmk5 xs9Mym§5. x7ml wªo5y[4 w3ih5¥i3u4 WQx3tyMs3ym5hi !(*) x3ÇAq8i wobEIsic5yxo3gu4 wlyoEpk5 WNhxc- tc§a5ht9l w3ih5typi4. wk5Jxu n9lil w3ih5tyº5 WQs3nIsymJ5 kN[oµul bm8N vtyi6 x3Ni4 v?mc3[usi4. w3XD8NydIClxC x3â5 WxC3ÌExu4 xoxN3©m5 Meeting with the women parliamentarians. xoxhctcD8NyxCI3mb wMui4 cibc3lt4 kNo7ui9l. x3â5 w3ih5tyº9l vt1zJîMsJ5 scc5bMsJ5 raizA5 §aysui3ui4 gn3ymo3ht4 wkgw8Nshb x©tymI5ti4. of Inuulitsivik and how birthing was brought back to Nunavik through kNc3çymJ5 AwAw4f5 kNz8i Soîyxu w3ih5typc3iu4 the efforts of the then executive director, Annie Tulugak. Although most kNo7uk5 st3tyAm7mb Wsygc3utA5 x©t§[i3ui4 Nunavik communities are still expected to send their women to our two x©tMsJ5. x3Nu4 WxC3Ìc7uu4 òdp5ht4 wkgc6 nspt- hospitals or to Montreal for the more at-risk pregnancies, their stay is bsMsJ6 scsI3i4. x5gbs8Ng7mEsMsJ6 WNhx3iz. normally just three or four weeks. Furthermore, the Inuulitsivik Health Centre started a midwifery program in the l980s that is recognized as a model for health professionals and midwives working hand-in-hand. Midwives from Inukjuak and Salluit have trained at this program, and it is my hope that it will expand throughout Nunavik so women can cel- ebrate the wonderful occasion of giving birth with their families and communities. The women and midwives at the conference told me afterwards how empowered they felt after hearing about what we have been able to do as Inuit. The indigenous people of French Polynesia also want to bring back the tradition of midwifery and took this occasion to do a traditional ritual that used to be practiced. They invited a mother with a newborn and an elder blessed the afterbirth, which was wrapped in special leaves and buried in the ground. It was a very touching event. bétus5 Ìiy3tq5, wl3dy3u bfuN3izb wMz5. MINNIE GREY X2 I was also invited to meet with the Autonomous Party at their local Tahitian dancers, part of a vibrant culture. parliament and met with their members, who are all women except òdIs7uZm v?mc3[zk5 w7uÅ3ht4 WNhx§i4 for one man. After my official business, the president of the French vtyQx3gMsJ7uJz x3âNs7uJi4 xbsy3u4 xatbc3ht4. Polynesian Government instructed his ministers and their staff to give WNhxExo4vi4 WI‰Cm AwAw4f5 Soîyxu v?mzb xzJ3çz us a tour of Tahiti. We took a whole day to visit the island — riding in tosEMsJ6 ui+bdtui4 WNh5tq8il SMC3tbsdp5hi the luxury of the president’s car. béts2 er3bzi4. s9loµ5yx6 er3bu4 eu3DMsJA5 — xzJ3ç2 The South Pacific is a very beautiful part of this world. Although kN4ƒÔzÅ3tbs5hb. these islands have a long history of colonization by France, their tradi- bsN8N s3ÚJxl4 bfuN3gmExl4. Ì4fx er3Ö5 tions and culture are very vibrant. These indigenous people, like many Ö5hmixli5 AwAw4fk5 kNdtQIs§aiq8i4, Wsygcq5 of us, strive to keep their language and customs alive and aspire to have wl3dyq9l Wbo7mEsq8Ng5. Ì4fx kNc3çymJ5 s?Atg5 more control over their everyday lives. They are also very concerned scsy3ui4 wl3dy3ui9l Wsom5yZhx3g5 xsM5yA8NyAm5ht9l about the issue of climate change, especially since they live on islands csbµ3ystui4 wªy3ui4, ÖàAtclx3uht4 er3busaZu4 that could eventually be flooded due to global warming. kNz5 sl5Isgw8NExc3m5 yMs2 s3Úy?9oxizk5. My trip to Tahiti was very educational as well as pleasurable. The Ìétox3iEMsIC wo5yN3©MsJ6 xoxN3©hil. v?mdtq5 government authorities and people treated us with great hospitality. wkdtq9l g1zN3gmEsMsJ5. xoxN3iXsMsJ6 w9¬2 wlxi We especially appreciated the invention of the air conditioner, though. i9MÌAts2 kwbsymiz. s3Úys3hb s9loµ6 yi5b[7ËC5b After enduring the hot days, we always had a nice cold escape in the i9oN3gËD8Nc5bMsJZ5b. hotel room. magazine

ui fº kN[7u v?mÌChx3ij5 xqctŒZhx3t Minnie Grey is a Nunavik Government Negotiator MAKIVIK 55 x.p. xü9M4, x9Mhi si4?axos3g6 A.J. Amidlak, Prize-Winning Poet A.J. Amidlak, poète lauréate de prix

xøyx pi xü9M4 G‘x.p’H Alyssia Jenny Amidlak (“A.J.”) won Alyssia Jenny Amidlak (“A.J.”) gagne un ñMcMsJK6 R@)-ÌMÇ3gi4 a $20 gift certificate for coming first certificat cadeau d’une valeur de 20$ is[DtsA8Ngu4 yK9oXs5hi place in the semi-finals and $20 in pour sa première place aux demi-finales ra9oÙ3ysyQx[5gi x7ml cash for coming first place in the finals et 20$ en argent comptant pour sa R@)-ÌMu4 ®NsIgw8Nu4 of an Optimist Club poetry contest in première place à la finale d’un concours ra9oÙ3ystu4 yK9oXsAtj5 Montreal when she wrote this poem, de poésie du Optimist Club à Montréal, si4ÏaxostJi m8gpxu ßuz, dedicated to her proud mother, après avoir écrit ce poème , dédié à sa gÇ3thA sWmZhx7mE5gj5 Minnie Amidlak. fière mère, Minnie Amidlak. xˆNuk5 ui xü9Mj5.

My mother

My mother is beautiful Every day and every night She is always sweet with the boys and the girls

My mother has nice hands that I like to caress Her heart is full of love for me every day.

My dearest sweet mother that I love each day and each night

Thank you for giving me life MINNIE AMIDLAK COLLECTION X3 You are like spring when ﬂowers bloom

My mother, my sweet mother I really love you xˆNZ My mother, my good mother Ma mère I tenderly oﬀer you this poem. xˆNZ x3Nyx6 Ma mère est jolie s9lbµ5 s8kbµ5 Chaque jour et chaque nuit bwm1zoµ6 WsJ6 Elle est toujours gentille gDy3k5 Xi8kl Avec les garçons et les ﬁlles.

xˆNZ x=ÛWo4 Ma mère a des doigts de fée x5©xAm?4v Que j’aime bien caresser ß7mtz bb5g6 N9oi3u4 Elle possède un coeur rempli d’amour s?8k5 csb?5 Qui vibre pour moi chaque jour

xNˆWZ Petite maman chérie, csbµ5 N9oQIC s8kxbµ9l Que j’aime chaque jour et chaque nuit, Nf3ü4 wªy3ctymZ[1z Merci de m’avoir donné la vie sW3zns÷3dt5 WD3yx5 WDo3tlQ5 Tu es printemps qui reﬂeurit.

xˆNZ, xNˆWZ Ma mère, ma douce maman, N9oQ7mE2XQ5 Je t’aime vraiment. xˆNZ, xˆN5yx6 Ma mère, ma bonne maman, eu3Dxq5 Ì8N W5yxhz wo8k5 giIC. Je t’oﬀre ce poème tendrement. mr[4

56 kN[7u cspn3†5 Nunavik Research cspnDt[iq5 )!) Fact Sheet 010

i3ø5 cspn3bsiq5 czst9lA cspn3î5 WI‰§a?5V t7uxi4 cspn3î5 WNhx3bs?9l§aK5 Ôis2 WQx3izi, m8iÌExzt9lQ5 m8iq9l w¬8Nt4 WI‰3ymogx3mb hN W5Jbs? cspn3isJk5 i3ø5 s9lq8i4V wªo3ymogx3mb. bm8Nl x3ÇA8i dosqZ3gi WNhx3ymo3g5 ßmJoEi3j5 vmp7m‰5 ßmJ8il cspn3†5 cspn3[c§aK5 cspn3iu4 t7uxi4. t7ux5 s9lq8i4 wvJ3yIsixZu4 x3éhw§aK5 s9lw5 czsiq8i4 mò[{sA8Nix3gi4 t7uxix3ik5 c5yi9l t7uxi4 x8igD8Nbsix3m¯b t7uxk5 va3k9l srsao3m5 PETER COLLECTIONMAY X3

ckw¬3ht4 WNh§a?5V kN[7u, cspn3bsiq5 i3ø5 do7uÎo7u4 xg§aK5 s9lc3[q8ªDtQc5bhA. NÔtogxCu4 cspn3[QIuk5, m3Dwac5bst§aK5 x[5gym5ht4 xgi5 m3ÎuÔ8i4 wkc3ht4 WNh5†4, Whvb5ht4 t7ux5 s9lq8i4 ÏNbs2 yeiq8î5gª§a7mb xuEvs9l kNzk5 eiI3ht4. m8iq t7ux5 s9lq8i ck6 t7ux5. bm4fx cspn3î5 gryN3ty§aK5 xqic3m¯b h3çt3bs§aK5, sdà5gi- ieQIs§aiq8i4, s9lo§aiq8i4, xbsy6 wk4 yf5nIj5 x3bsu5ht4 rybs5ht9l. xbsy6 wk4 wªo§aiq8il ckwZt4 x5pŒqg5 tux5. x9Mc5bt9lA É2Ù yf5nIj5 x9Mc5bt9lA É2Ù h3çtEt9lA bm4fxl cspn3î5 ckw9lxgu4 t7ux˜[î5 h3çtEt9lA Ì8N Ì8N i3o4 x3ˆl4 xfi s9lui4 srsco3ht4 x3ÇA3go3ht4 wMsy§a7m¯b i3o4 x3ˆl4 xfi eàmlxd8NA. s9lw5 m8iq5 iEI[î5 t7uxk5. cspn3iu4 WNhx§5 vJyJu4 ßmJk5 rybs?QK5 x9M[5nj9l x9Mb- s9lui eàmlxdNA. WNhx§aK5 b4vi5ãN6 x3ÇAbm5 Öà7m5 ßmJ8i4 s7uht4. s9lQIsJ5 xgi5 Nlâ4fy3b- cspn3†5 c5ysm¯b t7ux5 w¬8ˆlq8i4 s§aK6 xsX˜zJj5 eJ7j5 NXJj5 c5yx¬7m¯b cspA8NMeAtQ5hA. b7mE4ftj9l d7jxtbsmJj5 gÇ§j5 Nlâ5bs§aEK4. Jä whxi xs4Ayts9l WQx3izi, t7ux5 s9lq5 cspn3bsQx9M§aK5 kx5yht4 x9MymJdtq8i4 ßmJk5 iEIs§aiq8i4 ckwq©§aiq8il m8î5 wkoymoCu4. m8î5 Ízb wlxî5g5 soq5 cspn3bs§aQK5 N9oq5 c5¥l m8î5 wªo3g[is7m¯b. t7ux5 s9lq5 yKizi cspn3b[î5 cspnbsyx§aQK5 N9oq5 ßmJw5 s9lzi4 vm8im¯5- x5ã¬8î5, Nsè9¬î5 s{?ø8î5 tEZ8ix5.

Nî t7ux5 s9lq5 cspn3bs§a?5V i4ø5 s9ldtq5 cspn3bs§aK5 b9omi x4pŒqgi sz?s2 kNzi. er5bJxu, ƒ4JxDy3u, xh3c6, er5Ìl7u x7ml kNu xsX¬2 b3Çzi. yKizi x3ÇÅMs3gi, t7ux5 s9lq5 cspn3bsiEymIq5 vJytbsc3bymQK5 S[8i©2 nixi, ryxi magazine b{?i x3ÇA7u ®NsIc1qifzk5 WNhx3gcMs1qg6. MAKIVIK MAKIVIK

57 kN[7u cspn3†5 Nunavik Research cspnDt[iq5 )!) Fact Sheet 010

Canada Geese Surveys are measured, weighed and numbered. One person records the data while the other person does the measuring to minimize the time the female is oﬀ the nest. Nests that have had the eggs eaten What is the purpose of nest surveys? by predators are also counted and included in the data. Each nest Wildlife managers and biologists get information from nest sur- is marked with an orange wooden stake and the GPS co-ordinates veys to help set hunting seasons and harvest limits for ducks and of the nest are noted. geese on the wintering areas in southern Canada and the United States. These surveys determine predation, nesting, and hatching success of various waterfowl species. They are used to determine recruitment rates of the young-of-the-year into the population. By conducting the surveys in the same area each year the biologists are able to assess the status of the population. PETER COLLECTIONMAY X3

In late July and early August, nests are rechecked to collect information on predation and hatching success. Egg mem- branes are examined to see One person records the which and how many eggs data while the other person hatched. Predated nests are does the measuring to carefully examined to deter- minimize the time the mine which predator visited female is oﬀ the nest. the nest — black bears, gulls, or foxes.

Where are nests surveyed in Nunavik? The Canada goose nests are surveyed at five different sites in When are they done? the Ungava Bay region. The surveys are usually carried out in early June, during early Qikitajuaq, Kuujjuarusik, incubation and after a full clutch of eggs has been laid. This is the Assuuqaq, Qikitaluk ninth year of the study. and an area just north of Aupaluk. In previous How is it done? years, nesting studies In Nunavik, the survey of Canada Geese is conducted by using were carried out near a helicopter to get to the nesting sites. Once there, two teams of Puvirnituq, but not this eu3Dxq5 two people each, walk searching for nests. The eggs in each nest year due to lack of funding. mr[4

58 †[ gSw Gbo3Wü5g6H fÑ7u kNc3çymJ5 W1axtq8k5 wMsMsJ6 vNboµu kNc3çymJ6 çr3ic3tlQ5, ybmQIsMsJ5 dos1qZ3gi WostJi. ƒ5Jxus5 su7mq8k5 W1axtsMsJ7uhi srsaMsJ6 yM3Jxoµus5 çe3tbsic3tlQ5 !#-aAtQo3bzi. GnsuziH su7m6 W1ax†5 fÑ7üht4.

Tivi Dupuis (right) played on the Quebec National Aboriginal team for the National Aboriginal Hockey Championship, which came fourth in this nine-team event. He was once the mascot for the Kuujjuaq Ummimaks, who were invited to play last winter in the international pee- wee hockey tournament for their 13th year. (Left) Ummimak players

in Quebec City. BOB MESHER X3 MESHER BOB

MARTIN KORONKIEWICZ

Wxê5Fv4v˜5 x5paxu4 NMs5ñDtc3lt4 WostAtz5 Kid’s Mystery Photo Contest scD8N„5 sN x5pax6 hNs7m¯5V Wxê5Fv4v˜5 WostcbsAmJ5 srscExø5 kN[7us5 nNZq8i WymJ6 Év9Mo4 Can you tell us what this picture is? !@-i4 s{?¬8î5 !@ xÌi srsc3lt4. s[iD6 ñMcsts˜3g6 Contestants must be 12 years old or younger. A Nunavik Creations T-shirt will be sent to each NMs5yQx3g5 rsAtt5 xs9Mt9lQ5 new winner. sfiz x9MymJi4 wMc3tlQ5: sWA§5pKA5 Wz§J3gi4 NMs5yMsJi4 Send the following information with your x3ni3i4 ÏD9 X5ns6, uxp ¬vy, µbø8 fE+, correct answer: uxp àN, €8p €My x7ml Xsly €My. . x†5 1 /Your name Congratulations to these six winners who cor- 2. srst5/Your age rectly guessed these northern lights: Carol 3. x9Mb3[f5 yMtt5/Your address Patsaq, Mary Lucassie, Madeline Grist, Mary Mina, Angie Alacie, and Pauloosie Alacie. 4. s[iD3Wl xqiz/Your shirt size NMs5yQx3lt5 rsAtt5 sKz x9MÌ3[f5 xs9Mt9lQ5: Send your answer to: Kid’s Mystery Photo c/o Makivik Magazine P.O. Box 179, Kuujjuaq QC Wz§J3gi4 ñMcst5ni4 J0M 1C0 W[cD8NSt5¡ 6 chances to win a prize! ñMø5 N9oÏIs˜3g5 y5t7WE @(, @))^u. The winners will be chosen on September 29th, 2006. WD3yxbD5pJ6 x5nui4. Awi NX3g6, x9Mt mr{[s2 W5naEx9MA8NgoEi3u4 WA5p[zi x1zui4 É2Xc3hi Ùn oü3u4, gk NÙ3©2, o8 oü3l Xizi4.

Picking ﬂowers for her aunt. Winnie Napartuk is the secretary at Makivik’s Renewable Resources Department and her niece, Passa Lemire, is the daughter of

Tunu Napartuk and Line Lemire. BOB MESHER