amnesty JULY 1980 Volume X Number 7 international newsletter

CROWD JEERS AS Big rise in Iraqi executions TOP LIBERIANS ARE EXECUTED Special courts in Iraq have imposed an increasing number of death sentences in the past few months—according to reports reachingAI After the violent overthrow of the government of the late President up to 100 people were executed in a six-week period from the beginn- William TOLBERT on 12 April 1980 ing of March this year. (May Newsletter), the new military Between 1974 and 1978 Al rulers of Liberia announced that received an average of 100 names officials of the former administration each year of political prisoners would be tried before a military reported to have been executed tribunal for "rampant corruption, in Iraq. high treason and gross violations of Launching an international camp- human rights". aign to persuade the Iraqi authorities Over 500 people, including more to halt their increasing use of the than 100 senior former officials and death penalty, Al issued—on 12 June— administrators, were detained in the a list of 257 people reported to have capital, Monrovia. been executed in 1978 and 1979. On 17 April proceedings began Among those executed within the against a first group of 14 prisoners. past year are members of the Shi'i Executed — Ayatollah al Sadr All denied charges of treason. They defence counsel nor Moslem community, Kurds, govern- Organization of Arab Workers and a were not allowed ment officials and members of the member of the Central Council of the could they produce evidence in their armed forces. World Federation of Trade Unions, was own defence. After hurried proceedings, the military tribunal submitted its Reports of mass arrests and the executed in August 1979. He was one torture of prisoners in the same period of 68 people arrested—including five verdict on 13 accused to the People's Revolutionary Council, which ordered have also been received by Al. members of the Revolutionary Com- them to be executed. Arrests and executions of Shi'is mand Council—following an alleged They were publicly executed on a have come against a background of anti-government plot. growing opposition to the govern- Under Iraqi law it is a capital beach near Monrovia on 22 April. The prisoners were tied to stakes and shot ment from some sections of the Shi'i offence for members of the armed before a jeering crowd. Their bodies community, which have openly forces—or those who have left the forces were then riddled with machine-gun supported the Islamic revolution in since 1968—to be affiliated to any bullets. neighbouring Iran. political party other than the ruling Those executed included the Speaker Shi'is form about half the populat- Ba'ath Party. of the House of Representatives, the ion of Iraq—most government leaders Amr SULTAN, 31, an army lieutenant,' President of the Senate, the Chief belong to the Sunni Moslem community was executed in May 1978, accused of ' Justice and four government ministers. which makes up the other half. having links with the Iraqi Communist Five days earlier three soldiers and Those executed in April 1980 Party and providing it with information. a civilian were executed on the same included the prominent Shi'i leader, Most death sentences are passed either beach after they had been charged Ayatollah Muhammad Baqr AL SADR by the Revolutionary Court in Baghdad, with murder and looting in the wake (see June Newsletter). or by special courts set up by the of the coup. The execution of Kurds has taken Revolutionary Command Council. On 14 April Al appealed to the new place in the context of continuing Trials in both types of court are Head of State, Sergeant DOE to ensure attacks by guerrillas seeking greater always held in camera. that the trial of former officials con- automony for the Kurdish community. Other factors affecting defendants' formed to internationally recognized Ahmad Muhammad Karim AL rights: standards, including the provision of ABLAGHI, 32, a mechanical engineer, judgment is passed by government defence counsel. AI later appealed was executed in 1977, accused of representatives, not members of the to him to halt all executions. collaborating with Kurdish fighters. judiciary; On 29 April Sergeant Doe announc- He was alleged to have been severely defendants are held incommunicado tortured and to have suffered from a ed that he would accede to inter- before their trials—convictions are often stomach haemorrhage after being forced national pressure and halt the execution based on confessions extraoted under to swallow nails. of former government officials. torture; Executions of government officials Proceedings against the remaining no detence counsel is permitted in and others began shortly after Saddam 100 detained officials continued HUSAIN replaced Ahmad Hassan AL special courts; throughout May, and 400 other prison- BAKR as President in 1979. there is no right of appeal to a higher ers remained in custody without charge Badan Fadhil ARAIBI, of the court D or trialD 2 JULY 1980 News in Brief Psychiatric penalty for dissenters Djibouti A wide range of legal and extra- An Al mission visited Djibouti in January judicial penalties have been used 1980 following reports of torture there in Romania against political, in 1978 and 1979. social and religious dissenters— The mission went at the invitation of including imprisonment, "correct- the government, which—following a call ive labour", physical intimidation by Al in March 1979 for a public and compulsory confinement to inquiry—had denied allegations of psychiatric institutions. deaths under torture. Although the number of people Ars delegate, Amand D'HONDT, a imprisoned on overtly political charges Belgian lawyer, discussed these concerns —such as "anti-state propaganda"— with President Hassan GOULED and appears to have fallen in recent years, other government officials and inter- a number of dissenters have been viewed prisoners awaiting trial in tried and convicted on criminal Gabote and Dikhil prisons. charges which Al believes to be false— A detailed report of the mission's such as "parasitism" and "homo- findings—including further substantiated sexual relations". Instances of human evidence of torture—is to be sent to the rights violations in Romania are out- government 0 lined in a 20-page Al briefing paper published on 30 June. One example of how the author- Uganda ities act against dissenters came in Gheorghe Brasoveanu — psychiatric confine- The Chairman of Uganda's Military February last year, when a group of ment for the fifth time in eight years for Commission, Paul MUWANGA, told intellectuals and workers from criticizing official policies. Al on 22 May that ex-President and Turnu Severin confined after criticizing official Godfrey BINAISA, who was deposed announced the formation of the policies. on 13 May, was safe and well and Free of Romanian Workers Dr Cana was subsequently sentenced living in the official presidential (SLOMR). to seven years' imprisonment (reduced residence, State House, in Entebbe. In their manifesto they drew on appeal to five and a half years') on AI had cabled the Chairman on 19 attention to increased unspecified charges. May because of uncertainty over and to the forced retirement of dis- Al has since received reports that Godfrey Binaisa's whereabouts. Al senters on false psychiatric grounds. Gheorghe Brasoveanu has been sentenc- welcomes his assurances but is con- They called for better working ed to three and a half years' cerned at the ex-president's con- conditions and the abolition of special imprisonment. tinued house arrest. privileges for Communist Party Action was also taken against In its cable Al also asked about 70 members. associates of the two men. One, Father civilians detained recently by the The manifesto won support from CALCIU, a Romanian Orthodox priest army, including a journalist, Roland workers in a number of Romanian and professor at the Orthodox KAKOOZA. cities. Theological Seminary 'in Bucharest— Mr Muwanga's reply did not refer On 4 March the SLOMR manifesto an acquaintance of Gheorghe to themO was broadcast on a foreign radio Brasoveanu—was arrested on 10 March station. Two days later the telephones 1979. of the movement's two representatives— He was sentenced to 10 years' Uruguay Dr lonel CANA and an economist, imprisonment on charges that have Gheorghe BRASOVEANU—were cut never been made public. A Uruguayan prisoner of conscience, off. A SLOMR member—Nicolae adopted by AI, Aida PAGOLA, 57, In the next few days a number of DASCALU—who had reported the a nurse, has been released after serving SLOMR members were detained by arrest of other members of SLOMR to a total of seven and a half years' the police. friends abroad and had also announced imprisonment for "subversive The authorities then got the relat- that a number of people in Bucharest association". ives of the two representatives to sign had decided to apply to join Al was She was a Prisoner of the Month declarations that they were insane— sentenced to 18 months' imprisonment in September 1979 and the appeal on the relatives were told that the alter- (reduced on appeal to 10 months') for her behalf brought a huge response. native to confinement in a psychiatric having disseminated infonnation Al is trying to obtain details of her institution would be long terms of abroad without legal authorization. legal status and state of health0 imprisonment. (He has served his sentence and has On 10 March Dr Cana and Gheorghe been released.) Brasoveanu were arrested. Both were Many other SLOMR members were said to have been confined to the either fined or sentenced to terms of Prisoner Releases and Cases psychiatric section of Jilava Prison imprisonment of up to six months on The International Secretariat learned Hospital soon afterwards. charges of "parasitism". Several are in May of the release of 185 prisoners It was the fifth time in eight years known to have been confined for under adoption or investigation; it that Gheorghe Brasoveanu had. been some weeks in psychiatric hospitals0 took up 102 new cases. JULY 1980 3 Campaign for Prisoners of the Month Each of the people whose story is told below is a prisoner of conscience. Each has been arrested because of his or her religious or political beliefs, colour, sex, ethnic origin or language. None has used or advocated violence. Their continuing detention is a violation of the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights. International appeals can help to secure the release of these prisoners or to improve their detention conditions. In the interest of the prisoners, letters to the authorities should be worded carefully and courteously. You should stress that your concern for human rights is not in any way politically partisan. In no circumstancesshould communications be sent to the prisoner.

Dominique DIATA and République, La Présidence, Libreville, Dr Nikola NOVAKOVIC, Augustin IRIGO, Gabon Gabon. Yugoslavia Officers in the armed forces, Sixty-seven-year-old pharmac- both in their twenties; de- Baliene KHAMDARAN1KORN, ist with a history of cardiac tained in March 1978, accus- Laos disorders and rheumatism, said ed of subversion and endanger- Former Director of Civil Avia- to be seriously ill in detention ing the security of the state, tion; married, with three child- in Foca prison; tried in August but not yet brought to trial— ren; arrested in November 1977 and found guilty of now held in a special annexe 1975 — detained since then "establishing contact with at Libreville's central prison. without charge or trial in a hostile organizations abroad" Dominique DIATA, 27, an army officer, remote "re-education" camp and "hostile propaganda" — was trained at the French military in Houa Phan Province, north- sentence: 12 years' imprison- academy of Saint Cyr. Following his east Laos. ment. return to Gabon in 1976 he was Baliene KHAMDARANIKORN is one A former member of the Croatian reprimanded for expressing views of many officials and civil servants of Peasant Party, Dr Nikola NOVAKOVIC thought by the military authorities to the previous administration sent to was arrested in March 1977. He is be critical of the government. His camps for political "re-education" said to have been kept in solitary con- arrest in March two years later, at after the Pathet Lao assumed power finement for over four months before Mouila army camp, followed more within the coalition government in the his trial in August. such alleged criticism, this time in a spring of 1975. Dr Novakovic was accused of having letter to a friend; he was also said to Despite promises that "political helped to compile his party's program have had "communist" literature in his seminars" organized for them would since 1962, when he travelled to England, possession. last only a short time, most former the Federal Republic of and That same March saw the arrest of officials sent to such camps are still other European countries. a number of other officers in the detained or restricted. Dr Novakovic said he had been visit- armed forces. One was Augustin Conditions are reported to be quite ing former colleagues living abroad; IRIGO, 28, a naval officer trained at harsh, with detainees doing hard they had discussed political, social Brest, France; he was arrested at Port physical work on an inadequate diet. and cultural issues but had not taken Gentil. Food and medicines are scarce. part in hostile programs. Several officers, including Communication between detainees Denying the "hostile propaganda" Dominique Diata and Augustin Irigo, and their families is irregular—in some charge, Dr Novakovic said that the were interrogated and allegedly beaten cases letters and parcels never reach Yugoslav constitution guaranteed and ill-treated by security police in detainees. freedom of expression, including Libreville. They were then taken to the The authorities have given no reason public exchange of critical views on central prison, where Dominique Diata for the continued detentions; Ars the country's political and economic and Augustin kip remain—the others information is that most detainees are system. have been released. being held because of their positions Precise details of Dr Novakovic's Earlier this year the Gabonese under the previous government or for condition are not known, but he is authorities suggested that cases against past political activities. reported to have undergone an operat- them were being prepared and that the Before his arrest Baliene ion recently. two would eventually be brought to Khamdaranikorn was a member of the Please send courteously worded trial. 300-strong Neo Thang Noum (Youth) letters appealing for the release of Both are reported to be in ill health, party, formed in about 1971. A centrist Dr Novakovic to: President of the Dominique Diata with a liver complaint group, its members were mainly young State Presidency of the SFRJ, His and Augustin Irigo suffering from severe intellectuals and civil servants. Excellency Cvijetin Mijatovic, Bul. depression. Baliene Khamdaranikorn has been Lenjina 2, Belgrade, Yugoslavia; A/ believes both are prisoners of adopted by A/ as a prisoner of con- and to: Luka Banovic, Federal conscience, imprisoned for their science—he is not known to have used Minister of Justice, Bul. Lenjina 2, opinions and for expressing views or advocated violence. Belgrade, Yugoslavia. critical of the government. Please send courteously worded Please write courteously worded letters appealing for the release of letters, preferably in French, appealing Baliene Khamdaranikorn to: His RELEASE for the release of Dominique Diata and Excellency Kaysone Phomvihane, January's Prisoner of the Month, Augustin Irigo to: Son Excellence Prime Minister, Vientiane, People's D.A. SANTOSA, Indonesia, was Monsieur Bongo, Président de la Democratic Republic of Laos. released on 12 April 19800 4 JULY 1980 Five years ago a well-known Brazilian journalist voluntarily presented himself to the military intelligence headquarters in Silo Paulo. Within hours he was dead. The official verdict was that he had hanged himself: a death certificate gave the cause of death as suicide, though the doctor who is alleged to have signed it later said he never saw the body. . . .

Accuseddoctor before Sao PauloMedical Coundl Recordon torture victims 'falsified'

In an important test case in Brazil the Head of the Ski Paulo Medical Legal Institute. Dr Harry SHIBATA, has been involved in a disciplinary hearing held by the SR. Paulo State Medical Council (CRM-SP), accused of falsifying two medical certificates of people tortured while in military custody. This is believed to be the first did not see the body or carry out an case of a doctor in Brazil accused autopsy — although normal procedure of such malpractices coming is for the doctor signing the death before professional colleagues. certificate to examine the body. One certificate is said to have In 1978 another doctor wrote to stated falsely that a prisoner corn- leading São Paulo newspapers claiming mitted suicide, and the second that that he had been called in to sign the another prisoner had not been tortured, p papers; he said he had refused to do despite evidence that he had. so because he had previously discharged Both complaints were made some himself from the medical legal time ago—the events concerned took institute. place in 1975, before Dr Shibata The doctor claimed to have became head of the institute—but the attended part of the autopsy and he affair came to a virtual standstill said that Dr Shibata had not been until the CRM-SP elected a new present. executive last year. Lawyers acting for the widow This executive, composed of young claimed that Dr Shibata's absence doctors, decided to carry on with the invalidated the autopsy report. proceedings against Dr Shibata, who Vladimir Herzog died on 25 occupies a senior position in the Dr Harry Shibata October 1975. The following year Brazilian medical hierarchy—the Al submitted evidence to the institute which he now heads super- in which Brazilian doctors are accused United Nations Human Rights vises all medical legal work in the of being involved in torture and of Commission in Geneva, which included city of São Paulo. signing false medical certificates, a deposition by a Brazilian journalist, In the past two years the hearing These complaints have been brought Rodolfo KONDER, who had been has been postponed about 10 times. before medical councils in São Paulo held in the DOI-CODI at the same The proceedings and even the exist- and other states. time as his friend, Vladimir Herzog; ence of the complaints are supposed Although outside observers are not the deposition was made less than a to be confidential: officially the allowed at the hearings, the presence in fortnight after the latter's death. CRM-SP does not acknowledge the Brazil of Al's delegate attracted wide In his deposition Rodolfo Konder existence of a complaint until a finding publicity in the country's news media described events at the DOI-CODI has been reached and all appeals and it is expected that this may help during the last weekend of October completed. towards getting a full investigation of 1975. He and another prisoner were But the case has been leaked to all similar allegations, being held in a room adjacent to one in the Brazilian press and a number of Dr Shibata is said to have signed a which Vladimir Herzog was being articles on the affair have been medical certificate giving suicide as the interrogated and tortured: published, as well as a book, Dossie cause of the death of a well-known "From there we could clearly hear Herzog (The Herzog Dossier), which Brazilian journalist and broadcaster, the shouts, first of the interrogator and came out in Sao Paulo in 1979. Vladimir HERZOG, who died in then Vladimir's, and we heard when The latest known development in October 1975—see December 1975 the interrogator asked for the the proceedings is that on 8 January Newsletter—soon after presenting pimientinha (nickname for electric 1980 Dr Shibata went to the federal himself for questioning at the DOI- shock equipment)... and asked his capital, Brasilia, to complain to the CODI, the military intelligence team-mates for help. , Ministry of Labour about procedures headquarters. "Someone turned on the radio and followed in the case. Police pictures of Vladimir Herzog's Vladimir's screams were merged into In February 1980 Al sent a medical body led medical experts to challenge the sound of the radio." delegate to Brazil—Portuguese-speaking the finding, and lawyers acting for The journalist said that he spoke to Dr Tomas FERREIRA, of Ars the widow, Clarice Herzog, instituted Vladimir Herzog later that day. The Canadian Medical Group—to follow up proceedings against Dr Shibata with following morning, a Sunday, he was the hearing, which could have an the state's medical council. told that Vladimir Herzog had committ- important bearing on 10 other cases In his defence, Dr Shibata said he ed suicide. JULY 1980 5

The corpse was returned to the family in a sealed coffin. In October 1978 a São Paulo federal judge ruled that the Brazilian Government was reponsible for the death of Vladimir Herzog. He stated that the government had never produced any proof that the death was due to suicide. The family is still trying to win compensation from the authorities.

Second falsified medical certificate

In the second case, a former mem- ber of parliament, Marco Antonio Tavares COELHO, accuses Dr Shibata of signing a medical certificate which said, falsely, that there were no marks of torture on his body after prolonged interrogation at the DOI-CODI in Szio Paulo following his arrest in January 1975. Doctors appointed by the army later examined Marco Coelho and confirmed the existence of injuries on his body. In September 1975 Marco Coelho showed a court marks of beatings, burns on his left arm, bruises on his legs, bruises on his calves and other marks on Ins body. A military court tried Marco Coelho in December 1975 and sentenc- ed him to five years' imprisonment for being a member of the Communist Party. He was adopted by A/ as a prisoner of conscience and set free in December 1978. The Sa-o Paulo hearing was con- tinuing earlier this year but it is not known whether it is still in progress. After a finding by the state body Official photograph of Vladimir Herzog(above) in the room in which he was the next step would be for the alleged to have hanged himself on 25 October 1975.Below, another official Brazilian Federal Medical Council to picture of the dead man—it was this photograph that led medical experts to hold a hearing. challenge the official verdict of suicide. The federal body's proceedings are also secret, and apart from those involved no one is told of the date of • any hearing. The President of Brazil, General FIGUEIREDO, has stated on a number of occasions that the government does not intend to bring to court or punish those involved in torture or repression during the previous 16 years of military rule.

Al medical groups have been asked to write letters to or articles for medical journals in their countries, emphasizing the importance of the Silo Paulo State Medical Council's disciplinary hearing and any subsequent hearing which may be held by Brazil's Federal Medical CouncilE 6 JULY 1980 Zaire IRISH COURT REJECTS 'DURESS' EVIDENCE Woman freed after two years In a judgment delivered in Dublin in A Zairean woman held for two years to the "international left", and of May the Court of Criminal Appeal of at N'DOLO prison in Kinshasa, "intellectual dishonesty" and "bad the Irish Republic rejected as inadmiss- KISONGA N'Sunda, who was the faith" able in evidence statements alleged to subject of a Prisoner of the Month The Minister said one of the camps have been obtained from two defend- appeal in February 1980, was released cited in the report, Ekafera, had been ants as a result of their ill-treatment in at the end of April, according to news closed and its inmates moved to a police custody. received by Al . "re-education" camp at Lokandu, in As 'a result, the Appeal Court Several prisoners convicted with eastern Zaire. acquitted two members of the Irish her in March 1978, including her Republican Socialist Party accused of husband MATANDA Isel, have been He said also that only 24 students robbery, alleged to have been carried moved from an isolated military had been detained earlier in the year out for political motives. prison at Angenga, in Equatorial and that all were released when the The two had earlier been convicted region, to N'Dolo. Pope visited Zaire in May. by the Special Criminal Court, a non- Al has heard also that three The Minister stated that Zaire had jury court set up in 1972 to try offences schoolboys arrested at the end of a "clean conscience" over human against the state. April 1980 for writing a letter con- rights. The Appeal Court decided that the sidered critical of the government In spite of the statement on the Special Court had been wrong in law have now been released. release of the 24 students, Al remains to admit the statements as evidence. News of these releases came as concerned about large numbers of The appeal hearing, attended by an AI published its report, Human Rights other students also arrested in AI observer, highlighted the importance Violations in Zdre (see June Kinshasa and Lubumbashi. of vigilance in trials with a political Newsletter). AI is seeking confirmation that background. As early as 1977 Al had Zaire's Foreign Minister, NGUZA Ekafera camp has remained closed and publicly criticized the Special Criminal Karl-i-Bond, responded to its publica- that no new detainees have been sent Court's treatment of the admissability iion by accusing AI of being linked theren of statements0 '

The Hague of individuals against torture" and "the role of human rights in police 'Disobey all orders motivation, recruitment, selection, training and organization". to torture' In this last category attention USA — UN meeting was focused on the role of the Code Condemned man of Conduct for Law Enforcement Law enforcement officials should be Officials adopted by the UN General changes his mind duty bound to disobey any order to Assembly in 1979. After a last-minute decision to appeal torture or to subject anybody to cruel, The symposium called for the code against his sentence, Jack Howard inhuman or degrading treatment, to be made available to all law enforce- POTTS, due to have been executed on according to a recommendation approv- ment officials and incorporated into 5 June, was granted an indefinite stay ed at a United Nations Regional domestic laws or regulations governing of execution by a judge in the state of Symposium held in The Hague in law enforcement agencies, and said it Georgia. April. should figure at all levels of police The next day Jack Potts, sentenced The symposium, on the "role of training0 to death for a murder committed in the police in the protection of human 1975, told the judge he had decided rights", based its recommendation on to drop his appeal. a proposal from the Dutch delegation, Under Georgia law the execution consisting mainly of police officers date must now be set between 10 and and headed by the Commissioner of JAMAICA HEARINGS 20 days after the new sentencing Police for The Hague. ON DEATH PENALTY order. The recommendation, borrowed Al had appealed to Georgia's directly from the Al Declaration of Public hearings concerning the death Governor, George BUSBEE, to suspend The Hague, states that law enforce- penalty in Jamaica began on 16 June the execution and had asked President ment officials "have the duty and the before a committee set up by the CARTER to intervene personally in the right to disobey or disregard any Justice Minister, Carl RATTRAY. case. (The execution would have order, instruction or command, even Al , which hopes the hearings will taken place under legislation signed if apparently lawful, which is in clear pave the way for the abolition of by the President when he was Governor and significant contravention of the capital punishment in Jamaica, sub- of Georgia). right not to be subjected to torture mitted a statement to the committee Al also appealed to doctors in or other cruel, inhuman or degrading describing its creation as an encourag- Georgia not to take part in the treatment or punishment". ing development. execution—the state's law requires two It was one of a number of import- The statement added that careful doctors to witness any execution, ant recommendations approved at the examination of all the arguments and one doctor, jointly with the symposium, whose agenda included would lead many who support the executioner, is required to certify that items on "the police and the protection death penalty to change their mindsIll the execution has taken place0 JULY 1980 7 amnesty international campaign for the abolition of torture

Priests murdered in Guatemala Another three Roman Catholic priests have become the victims of violence in Guatemala. Comunista (Secret Anti-communist In the latest attack, on 31 May Army)—said to be under the patronage 1980, a 35-year-old Spanish priest, of the army—had threatened to kill Father José Marfa GRAN, was all Guatemalan-born Jesuits and to shot dead in an ambush on his expel all foreign members of the way to Chajul, in the northern order from Guatemala. province of El Quiche. Another This followed a statement by the man was also killed in the attack. Presidential Press Spokesman that "the Father Gran belonged to the political Jesuits lie in order to con- Congregation of the Missionaries of tribute to subversion. They throw the Sacred Heart. away their cassocks to become involved in politics." On 1 May 1980 heavily armed men Murdered—Father Walter Voordeckers kidnapped a Filipino, Father Conrado About 500 foreign priests are DE LA CRUZ, and his assistant, reported to be in Guatemala, 50 of on 29 May 1978—she was accused of Herlindo CIFUENTES, as they were them Belgians. causing unrest among the Kekchi. walking in a street in Guatemala City. Two years ago a Spanish nun, In June 1978 a Guatemalan priest, Sister Raymunda ALONSO was Father Hermogenes LOPEZ Coarcita, expelled from Guatemala after the was murdered in'San José Pinula, massacre of Panzós, where 100 Kekchi near Antigua Guatemala, after he had Indians were shot dead by the army called for the army to be disbandedD USSR Forced drug injections for dissenter A 53-year-old Pentecostalist, Anna In 1969 she began to build her own Kidnapped—Father Conrado de la CHERTKOVA, is being given repeated house but the authorities pulled it Cruz,left, and his assistant, Herlindo injections of a powerful anti-psychotic down. She then spent two years living Cifuentes drug at a psychiatric hospital in in a hut, repeatedly threatened with Tashkent, Soviet Union, where, psychiatric confinement if she did not Herlindo Cifuentes comes from according to information reaching Al leave Alma-Ata. Tiquisate in the southern province of in London, she has been held since In 1973 Anna Chertkova was Escuintla and was active in Father 1973 because of her religious beliefs. arrested in the street and sent to a de la Cruz's parish work there. The information is contained in a special psychiatric hospital in Nothing has been seen or heard of samizdat (clandestine bulletin) Tashkent. either since the gunmen forced them smuggled out of Tashkent. This is the severest form of psychia- into a Toyota car the day they were The samizdat states that Anna tric detention in the Soviet Union and kidnapped. is designated by law only for people Less than a fortnight later—on Chertkova—described as a "sane" and "good" woman—is being given who "represent a special danger to 12 May—a Belgian, Father Walter society". VOORDECKERS, was murdered in injections of sulfazin because she refuses to see an official medical AI has continued to receive reports Santa Lucia Cotzumalguapa, also in throughout 1980 of prisoners of con- Escuintla. committee and continues to speak out about Christ and her faith. science being ill-treated in psychia- Both priests belonged to a tric hospitals, with drugs being admini- Belgian order, the Congregation of the The drug is said to act on the nervous stered to many of them without Immaculate Heart of Mary (CICM). system and is reported to have harmed medical justification. Colleagues of Father Voordeckers her health. P/easewrite courteously worded believe that his questions about the Anna Chertkova is a member of letters expressing concern about the disappearance of his brother priest the breakaway wing of the Pente- welfare of Anna Chertkova and the led to his own murder. costalist Church not officially registered measures reported to have been taken Father Voordeckers and Father or recognized by the state authorities. against her because of her religious Gran are the first foreign priests Al She comes from Alma-Ata in the beliefs to: The Minister of Internal knows to have been murdered in Republic of Kazakhstan and is reported Affairs for Uzbekistan: SSSR, Guatemala. to have been denied living accommoda- Uzbekskaya SSR, g. Tashkent, In February 1980 it was reported tion for several years because of her Ministerstvo Vnutrennikh Del, that the Ejército SecretoA nti- religious beliefs. MinistruD JULY 1980 Torture now systematic in Turkey

Torture in Turkey has become so widespread and systematic that most people now being arrested by police and martial law authorities are subjected to various forms of torture which, in some cases, is reported to have ended in death. Hacettepe hospital where surgery was 0 The methods of torture include performed on her sexual organs. electric shocks, falanga (beating The doctors who examined her the soles of the feet) and violent stated that her condition was the assaults on all parts of the body, result of torture. including the sexual organs. Over the past few years Al has Some detainees—men and women— frequently raised allegations of have also been subjected to a form of torture with the present Prime Minister, "rape", with police truncheons and Suleyman DEMIREL, and with his pre- other objects inserted into the anus or decessor, Bulent ECEVITO vagina. In many cases there is no evidence that those tortured were in any way connected with the political violence which has resulted in more than 3,000 deaths in Turkey over the past Horsingermi MI** WI** PIANNIWar mfileb wiflot somaloomic Diarsimith arid* takifrow PRESIDENT'S AMNESTY two years (see June Newtsletter). slyiliyasara I now gift= Wpm FREES 40 'POLITICALS' An Al research mission, which FOT00101110 MINIM DIET NEAR? visited Turkey from 19 to 30 May, IN TUNISIA The Turkish newspaper,Demokrat, interviewed people who had been More than 40 political prisoners in tortured and talked to lawyers, published pictures of this machine in a number of issues in May 1980— Tunisia were freed on 1 Jims:, following doctors, members of political parties, a presidential amnesty. They included trade unionists and journalists. the headline asks the Prime Minister, Suleyman Demirel, just what the 23 of the 24 members of the Ech A 17-year-old high school student Chaab group adopted by AI as prison- told the mission that on 29 April machine is: according toDemokrat it was made in a government-controlled ers of conscience. soldiers had taken her and about 15 They were arrested in November other students to police headquarters factory and used for electric shock torture. 1978 in connection with the publication in Ankara after a gun had been found and distribution of a clandestine in the school grounds. version of Ech Chaab, the official She was tied to a wooden cross Al knows of at least three cases organ of the General Union of suspended on the wall and electric of people alleged to have died after Tunisian Workers (UGTT). shocks were administered to various torture. After their trial—part of which was parts of her body, including her head, On 21 April the Turkish daily news- attended by an Al observer—the Ech lips, stomach and sexual organs. papers Cumhuriyet and Demokrat Chaab group received sentences ranging She was held in the building for reported that Yasar GUNDOGDU, the from one to just under four years' eight days before being transferred to Secretary of Enerji-Der, an association imprisonment, and fines of up to 600 Mamak military prison, where, she of energy workers, had died in hospital Tunisian dinars each. On appeal most reported, male prisoners were given after being detained at Ankara police of the sentences were reduced by one falanga and made to walk on broken headquarters—according to doctors he year. glass; this followed a prison protest. had many wounds on his body and his Eight other prisoners of conscience - The girl was released on 17 May death was due to brain damage caused adopted by AI- belonging to a left- on the instructions of a military court. by torture. wing group, El Amel Ettounsi, were A student at Istanbul University, Osman Mehmet ONSOY was detained also freed as a result of the latest Dilek YURDAGEL, said she was de- on 5 May and taken to police head- amnesty. They were arrested in 1973, tained on 1 May, apparently for possess- quarters at Gayreteppe, Istanbul. He 1974 and 1975 and were sentenced, in ing a banned neswpaper and left-wing was later transferred to Haydarpasa 1975, by the State Security Court to pamphlets. military hospital in a coma—he died on terms of imprisonment of between six She was held in a changing room at 22 May. and nine years, mainly for belonging to Inönii Stadium, interrogated, beaten Omc KORKMAZ, detained on 9 an illegal organization. all over her body and given falanga January in Kars, was subsequently found Following similar amnesties 12 and electric shocks. dead in prison. He too, according to members of UGTT's executive bureau On 4 May she was taken out of the doctors, died of brain damage. His were released on 20 March and 1 May stadium while a football match was mother says he died under torture 1980; all had been adopted by Al as played. and she has called for a full prisoners of conscience El The next day she was transferred to investigation. police headquarters at Gay reteppe, Demokrat reported also on a young Istanbul, interrogated and again woman, Giilseren KAYIN, detained AMNESTY INTI:RNATIONAI PURI ICA- given electric shock torture. during a protest against the banning TIONS. 10 Southampton Street, l.ondon Three days later she was taken to of May Day demonstrations. She was WC2F. 711F, Ungland. Printed in Great Britain by Hill and Garwood l td., 1,nirth Selimiye military headquarters; on IC taken to the "27 May" police station Way, Wembley, Middlewx. Available on May a military judge ordered her in Ankara on 1 May and tortured so subscription at £5 (US $10) per calendar release. badly that on 3 May she was taken to year.