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Ministry of Northern Development and Mines Ontario
ONTARIO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Open File Report 5766
Industrial Minerals Project Sioux Lookout-Dryden Area Parts of Kenora and Patricia Mining Divisions
By
J. Redden
1993
Parts of this publication may be quoted if credit is given. It is recommended that reference to this publication be made in the following form: Redden, J. 1993. Industrial minerals project, Sioux Lookout-Dryden area, parts of Kenora and Patricia mining divisions; Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 5766, 140p.
Queen©s Printer for Ontario, 1993
!uTnkj This project is part of the five-year Canada-Ontario 1985 Mineral Development Agreement (COMDA), a subsidiary agreement to the Economic and Regional Development Agreement (ERDA) signed by the governments of Canada and Ontario.
Ontario Geological Survey OPEN FILE REPORT
Open File Reports are made available to the public subject to the following conditions: This report is unedited. Discrepancies may occur for which the Ontario Geological Survey does not assume liability. Recommendations and statements of opinions expressed are those of the author or authors and are not to be construed as statements of government policy. This 6pen File Report is available for viewing at the following locations:
Mines Library Level A3, 933 Ramsey Lake Road Sudbury, Ontario P3E 6B5 Mines and Minerals Information Centre (MMIC) Rm. M2-17, Macdonald Block 900 Bay St. Toronto, Ontario M7A 1C3 The office of the Resident Geologist whose district includes the area covered by this report. Copies of this report may be obtained at the user©s expense from: OGS On-Demand Publications Level B4, 933 Ramsey Lake Road Sudbury, Ontario P3E 6B5 Tel. (705)670-5691 Collect calls accepted. Handwritten notes and sketches may be made from this report. Check with MMIC, the Mines Library or the Resident Geologist©s office whether there is a copy of this report that may be borrowed. A copy of this report is available for Inter-Library loan. This report is available for viewing at the following Resident Geologists© offices:
Kenora, Box 5200, 808 Robertson St., Kenora P9N 3X9 Sioux Lookout, Box 3000, Court House Building, Sioux Lookout POV 2TO
The right to reproduce this report is reserved by the Ontario Ministry of Northern Development and Mines. Permission for other reproductions must be obtained in writing from the Director, Ontario Geological Survey - Geoscience Branch.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction...... i Acknowledgements ...... 2 Location and Access ...... 2 Previous Work ...... 5 Methodology ...... 6 Industrial Minerals - Major Criteria Introduction...... 8 Transportation...... 9 Marketing ...... lo Product Enhancement ...... n Calcium Carbonate Introduction...... 12 Marl ...... 12 Carbonate Concretions ...... 13 Clay...... 19 Leucogranites and Pegmatites Introduction ...... 21 Silica ...... 22 Feldspar ...... 24 Mica ...... 26 Property Descriptions -Highway 72 Leucogranite...... 27 -Medicine Lake ...... 30 -Colenso Township ...... 35 -Gullwing Lake - Drope Township ...... 37 -Gullwing Lake - Webb Township ...... 40 -Revell Batholith - Basket Lake Road ...... 42 -Harrison Feldspar ...... 43 -Other Feldspar Analyses...... 45 Graphite Introduction -...... 47 Property Description -Harrison Showings ...... 49
Nepheline Syenite Introduction ...... -...... 59 Location descriptions -Sturgeon Narrows ...... -...... 61 -Squaw Lake ...... 65 Soapstone and Talc Introduction ...... 68 Location descriptions -Eagle Lake ...... 71 -Wabigoon Resources ...... 80 -Mile Lake #2 Occurrence ...... 86
Stone Building Stone ...... 89 Decorative Stone ...... 89 Aggregate ...... 90 Location Descriptions - Building Stone -Lake of Bays Batholith ...... 91 -Revell Batholith, Highway 17 ...... 93 -Revell Batholith, Basket Lake Road ...... 95 -Revell Batholith, Bending Lake Road ...... 96 -Lost Lake Stock ...... 98 -Sowden Lake ...... 99 -Valora/Jigger Lakes Stock ...... 100 Location Descriptions - Decorative Stone -Avery Township (black granite) ...... 102 -Avery Township (leopard rock) ...... 104 -Rainbow Quarry ...... 105 -Shanty Lake Pluton ...... 107 -Pike Lake Intrusion ...... 108 -Revell Batholith - Tower Location...... 109 -Pelican Lake Stock ...... 110 -Minnitaki Lake Leopard Rock ...... 111 -Other Locations Examined ...... 112
Location Descriptions - Aggregate -Rainbow Quarry...... 117 -St. Anthony Mine ...... 117 -Highway 72 Leucogranite ...... 118 -Medicine Lake Leucogranite ...... 118 Miscellaneous Assays...... ;...... 119 References and Bibliography ...... 121 Appendix I; Description of Frantz Test Procedure ...... 127 Appendix II; Screen Size Distribution for Aggregate Samples,;130 Appendix III; List of Samples and Thin Sections ...... 132 Appendix IV; Descriptions of Thin Sections...... :....© 134 Appendix V; List of Polished Slabs...... 138
vii
List of Figures Fig. l - Generalized Map Showing Locations Described in Text West Part...... 3 East Part...... 4 Fig. 2 - Surprise Lake Marl, Location of Auger Holes...... 15 Fig. 3 - Highway 72 Pegmatitic Granite Area...... 28 Fig. 4 - Medicine Lake Leucogranite...... 32 Fig. 5 - Gullwing Lake - Drope Tp. Pegmatitic Granite Area .. 38 Fig. 6 - Gullwing Lake - Webb Tp. Pegmatite...... 41 Fig. 7 - Graphite Occurrences in the Vicinity of ~Trout 1 Lake 53 Fig. 8 - Northern Part of Sturgeon Narrows Alkalic Complex... 62 (showing sample locations) Fig. 9 - Northern Part of Squaw Lake Alkalic Complex...... 66 (showing sample locations) Fig.10 - Location Map Eagle Lake Soapstone Deposit...... 72 Fig.11 - Vicinity of Eagle Lake Soapstone Quarry...... 73 Fig.12 - Sample Sites in the Vicinity of Wabigoon Resources Property. . . . . 8.1 Fig.13 - Soapstone Occurrences in the Mile Lake-Trap Lake Area 86 Fig.14 - Northern Part of Revell Batholith ...... 94 (showing described locations) Fig.15 - Valora-Jigger Lakes Stock...... 101 Fig.16 - "Black Granite© Area - Avery Tp...... 103 Fig.17 - Fuchsite Occurrences - Rainbow Quarry Area...... 106
ix
List of Tables Table l - Transportation Costs from Sioux Lookout Area...... 9 Table 2 - Surprise Lake Marl - Auger Hole Logs...... 16 Table 3 - Surprise Lake Marl Analyses ...... 17 Table 4 - Analysis of Surprise Lake Marl Composite...... 17 Table 5 - Analysis of Carbonate Concretions North shore of Mile Lake...... 18 Table 6 - Analysis of DAJ-ML-1 (clay) ...... , g Table 7 - XRD Mineralogy of Colenso Twp. Clay...... 2Q Table 8 - Arkansas Lascas Grades and Properties...... 2 - Table 9 - Typical Analyses, Feldspathic and Aluminous Materials ...... Table 10 - Highway 72 - Leucogranite - Frantz Test...... 2g Table 11 - Highway 72 Leucogranite-Trace Analysis of Mica.... 29 Table 12 - Frantz Test - Medicine Lake Leucogranite...... 32 Table 13 - Medicine Lake Mineral Analyses ...... 33 Table 14 - Frantz Test - Colenso Twp. Pegmatite...... 35 Table 15 - Colenso Twp. Pegmatite Analysis...... 36 Table 16 - Frantz Test -Gullwing Lake-Drope Tp. Leucogranite. . 3 g Table 17 - Gullwing Lake - Di:ope Twp. Leucogranite Trace Analysis of Mica...... 39 Table 18 - Frantz Test - Gullwing Lake - Webb Twp. Pegmatite. 41 Table 19 - Partial Analysis of Feldspar from Harrison Pegmatite...... 44 Table 20 - Analysis of Mica from Harrison Pegmatite...... 44 Table 21 - Partial Analyses of Potassium Feldspars Dryden - Gullwing Lake Area...... 4S&46 Table 22 - Harrison Graphite Area Analyses ...... 54&S5 Table 23 - Harrison Graphite Area - Trace Analyses...... 55 Table 24 - Harrison Graphite Area - Whole Rock Analyses...... 56
xi
Table 25 - Harrison Graphite Area - Qualitative ICP Jpectrographic Analyses.... 57 Table 26 - Typical Nepheline Syenite Analyses...... 50 Table 27 - Frantz Tests - Sturgeon Narrows Nepheline Syenite. 63 Table 28 - Sturgeon Narrows - Rock Analysis...... 64 Table 29 - Frantz Tests - Squaw Lake Nepheline Syenite...... 57 Table 30 - Typical Chemical Analyses of Talc Ores and Products...... 59 Table 31 - Chemical Analyses of Some Commercial Talcs...... 79 Table 32 - Analysis of Cosmetic Grade Talc...... 79 Table 33 - Analyses of Eagle Lake Soapstone...... 75 Table 34 - Thermal Tests on Soapstone...... 77 Table 35 - Wabigoon Resources - Soapstone Analyses...... 32 Table 36 - Wabigoon Resources Area - Soapstone Analyses...... 83 Table 37 - Analysis of Mile Lake #2 Soapstone...... 37 Table 38 - Analyses of Sulphide-Bearing Samples (Part 1)..... 119 Table 39 - Analyses of Sulphide-Bearing Samples (Part 2)..... 120
xiii
ABSTRACT The Sioux Lookout-Dryden Area, as used in this report, refers to an area roughly extending east of Vermilion Bay and west of Ignace and bounded on the south by the Trans Canada Highway (Hwy 17) and Highway 516 on the north. The purpose of the project was two-fold. Descriptions of previously discovered industrial mineral deposits were reviewed and field examinations done on the more promising deposits. Field work consisted of estimating tonnage potential and the collection of samples. The samples were tested and analyzed for comparison with commercially acceptable products. Deposits of marl,leucogranite, pegmatite, clay, graphite, nepheline syenite, and soapstone were examined. The other aspect of the project was to expand the building stone inventory begun by Storey (Storey, 1983, 1984, 1986a). This was done by examining rock cuts and outcrops adjacent to the major roads. Side trips to specific locations were made where available information indicated some potential. Several locations containing potential commercial building stone deposits were identified. Other locations containing potential decorative stone deposits were also identified. Deposits of marl, leucogranite , pegmatite and clay may be of economic value in specific circumstances. The deposits of graphite, nepheline syenite and soapstone warrant additional examination.Graphite occurrences found indicate a graphite- bearing subprovince within the English River Gneissic Belt. The potential for commerical graphite deposits is considered good. Tests on nepheline syenite produced products comparable to those presently used in industry. Additional work to define tonnage, product quality and potential markets is warranted. The testing and analyses of soapstone indicate several new applications for the material. Studies are required to identify the marketing area and potential demand.
XV
INTRODUCTION The present Industrial Mineral Project was carried out with two objectives. First was to continue the Building and Decorative Stone Inventory conducted by C. C. Storey (Storey, 1983, 1984, 1986a). The second objective was to re-investigate some of the more promising local industrial mineral prospects, to better define their economic potential. Most of the work was carried out in an area extending from English River to Vermilion Bay, and Hwy. 17 to Hwy. 516. A graphite showing north of Kenora was also examined. The funding was provided under the Canada-Ontario Mineral Development Agreement (COMDA), which is a subsidiary agreement to the Economic and Regional Development Agreement (ERDA) signed by the governments of Canada and Ontario. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Author was ably assisted by A. Stechishen in the field , in the preparation of polished slabs and in the examination of thin sections. Carter Nelson of Nelson Granite, Vermilion Bay, was most helpful in describing the criteria for building stone and the essentials of the Stone Industry. G. W. Stephens, of Thunder Bay, was of great assistance with the installation and operation of the polishing equipment. D. A. Janes, Resident Geologist in Sioux Lookout, defined the project scope, oversaw the project and reviewed the manuscript. Much of the background data on industrial minerals was obtained from "Industrial Rocks and Minerals" edited by S.J.Lefond.More detailed and specific information on individual industrial minerals was obtained from various issues of Industrial Minerals Magazine ( Park House,3 Park Terrace,Worcester Park,Surrey , England,KT4 7HY). Both of these publications are required reading for anyone involved with industrial minerals. Commodity prices used are taken from the Engineering and Mining Journal or Industrial Minerals Magazine unless otherwise noted. Typing of the manuscript was done by M. Roy. Figures were drafted by C. Proctor. Analyses and testing was carried out by the Geoscience Laboratories,O.G.S.,Toronto. J. D. Godfrey of Edmonton, Alta, arranged for Brian Clark, a sculptor in Edmonton, to evaluate the carving characteristics of the soapstone samples. Brian Clark also produced a sculpture from Eagle Lake soapstone to illustrate the potential of this stone. This sculpture is to be placed on display at the Ministry in Toronto.
LOCATION AND ACCESS The locations described in the text are shown in Figure l, together with the major roads and railroads. In addition to the Trans-Canada Highway (Hwy. 17), several secondary highways and many gravel roads provide access through the area. Both the Canadian Pacific Railway and Canadian National Railway main lines cross the area. Fig.l West Part GENERALIZED MAP SHOWING
List of Occurrences Carbonates Nepheline Syenite 1. Surprise Lake Marl 12. Sturgeon Narrows 2. Mile Lake Concretions 13. Squaw Lake Clay Soapstone and Talc 2. Mile Lake Clay 14. Eagle Lake 3. Colenso Twp. Clay 15. Wabigoon Resources 2. Mile Lake #2 Leucogranites and Pegmatites 4. Highway 72 Building Stone 5. Medicine Lake 16. Lake of Bays Batholith 6. Colenso Twp. 17. Revell Batholith - 7. Gullwing Lake - Drope Twp Highway 17 8. Gullwing Lake - Webb Twp. 9. Revell Batholith - 9. Revell Batholith - Basket Lake Road Basket Lake Road 18. Revell Batholith - 10. Harrison Pegmatite Bending Lake Road 19. Lost Lake Stock Graphite 20. Sowden Lake 11. Harrison Showings 21. Valora-Jigger Lakes Stock Fig.l East Part LOCATIONS DESCRIBED IN TEXT ( scale, l 1,013,760
grummett V McNevi [Cathcart,
Decorative Stone Aggregate 22. Avery Twp. 23. Rainbow Quarry 23. Rainbow Quarry 32. St.Anthony Mine 24. Shanty Lake Pluton 4. Highway 72 25. Pike Lake Intrusion 5. Medicine Lake 26. Revell Batholith - Tower Location 27. Pelican Lake Stock 28. Minnitaki Lake Leopard Rock 29. Cobble Lake 30. Lac Seul 31. Lun Mac Rock 15. Wabigoon Lake PREVIOUS WORK Summaries of previous geological, quarrying and mining activities are available in other publications including several in the References and Bibliography section and will not be repeated here. Of particular note is the recent increase in quarry activity near Vermilion Bay. Two quarries are presently producing blocks. Nelson Granite installed a small finishing plant in 1983 to process part of their quarry production. At the time of writing (April 1987), plans for a major finishing plant in Vermilion Bay are being finalized with a positive announcement expected shortly (C. Nelson, R. Munford, pers. comm.,1987) Minor quantities of soapstone are collected annually for artistic use. Two claims were staked during 1986 on a promising stone deposit east of Kimmewin Lake adjacent to Highway 516. METHODOLOGY A review of the available literature formed the basis for selecting the non-stone deposits to visit. Criteria used included: reasonable present access, indication of significant tonnage potential, indication or reasonable expectation of suitable product quality. Access is particularly important. The nature of the industrial minerals business is such that extensive access costs (roads, etc.) cannot be economically borne. From the data deposits of marl, nepheline syenite, soapstone, graphite, clay and leucogranites were selected for field examination. Field work consisted of first examining each deposit for tonnage potential. This was done by pace and compass since precise measurements were not considered necessary. Sampling consisted of collecting representative samples from each deposit together with selected samples to characterize the variations noted. Stone inventory started with a review of the literature and geological maps to define areas most likely to contain deposits of commercial interest. Areas selected for field examination were located near the major roads of the area with side trips to specific areas noted to contain late-stage plutonic intrusions. Few locations previously documented were visited, the major exception being the Rainbow Quarry, west of Hudson. This location was examined and sampled due to widespread interest in the product. Stone areas examined were divided into two categories based on the block size observed. Building stone was defined as those deposits containing block sizes in excess of l.3x1.3x2.6m. Decorative stone was defined as all deposits of stone containing blocks less than l.3x1.3x2.6m. Samples from each deposit were prepared to illustrate the typical colours and textures. Building stone samples were sawn to 10 cm. x 15 cm. x 18 mm. slabs and polished. Most decorative stone samples were sawn 18 mm. thick and polished. The slabs were not trimmed due to time limitations. Several of the decorative stone samples were crushed and screened. Several of the screen fractions were embedded in plastic to demonstrate some of the colours and textures possible with this technique. Generally commercial processing of nepheline syenite consists of the removal of iron-bearing minerals using high intensity wet magnetic separators.Leucogranites and pegmatites are generally subjected to several flotation stages to separate feldspar,quartz and mica.Additional processing could involve gravity and/or high intensity wet magnetic separation techniques. Due to budgetary constraints such involved testwork was not done.The Frantz Isodynamic Separator was used to remove iron- bearing minerals.The procedure is described in Appendix I. The results obtained from using this technique will indicate if the iron content can be reduced by high intensity magnetic means.It is only a qualitative guide however combined with microscopic examination it will indicate if substantial iron reduction is possible.As demonstrated by the test results/the technique is satisfactory for preliminary evaluations. Microscopic examination of the samples tested indicated incomplete separations for all samples. Commercial separators with their stronger magnetic field would be more efficient. Future testing should use equipment,techniques and test procedures which can be directly related to full-sized industrial processing equipment.This not only simplifies scale-up and design of a commercial plant but provides product samples for testing and evaluation by prospective customers. Land status is only stated for properties which are patented or leased.Due to the changes in the status of Crown Land by staking and lapsing of claims the land status changes constantly.For the status of Crown Land inquiries should be directed to the appropriate Mining Recorder©s Office.
NOTE: ALL RESULTS ARE BASED ON SURFACE SAMPLES ONLY. FRESH, UNWEATHERED SAMPLES MAY GIVE SOMEWHAT DIFFERENT RESULTS. INDUSTRIAL MINERALS MAJOR CRITERIA
Introduction: The field of industrial minerals is vast. It covers the range from sand and gravel through cement, glass, ceramics, refractories, additives to plastics, to the latest barium-bearing superconductors. Metal mining involves the mining and concentrating of an ore to produce a concentrate. Concentrate is smelted and/or refined to produce the final pure metals. Industrial minerals involve the same mining and concentrating steps but here similarities end. Industrial minerals are further purified, ground and otherwise modified for specific end uses. Each application may require differing chemical and physical specifications. Meeting these specifications requires starting with the right raw material , using stringent quality control throughout the processing and a marketing and sales staff with the expertise and laboratory facilities to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the particular product to the requirements of the customer. The emphasis on marketing and technical applications more closely resemble petrochemical and similar industries than the mining industry. Although each industrial mineral is a unique entity, they share common characteristics which must be appreciated in order to understand the fundamental difference between industrial minerals and conventional mining.
8 Transportation: Transportation is a major factor which dictates the potential economic importance of any industrial mineral deposit. When comparing any two similar deposits, the distance to the market may be the deciding factor.Table l shows transportation costs to several North American destinations for bulk shipments of industrial minerals.
Table l Transportation Costs From Sioux Lookout Area Destination Rail Truck (1) (2) Vancouver l 83.80 S164.20 Toronto 48.40 68.00 New York 81.20(3) 119.00 Los Angeles 161.20(3) 152.40 Kansas City 66.40(3) 121.00 Dallas 92.40(3) 113.20 Notes: 1) :bulk - covered hopper car, minimum 140,000 Ib/car :bagged - standard box car, minimum 100,000 ©ib/car :based on single car movement, multiple car/regular shipments could be lower by lQ-20%. 2) bagged, minimum 44,000 Ib per truckload 3) includes 22% currency exchange Source: P. Dudka*,1987 Although Table l indicates rail to have a distinct cost advantage, this may not be the case. To the above cost would be added storage, loading and unloading costs. This would include the presence of a siding with storage and loading facilities for rail transport plus the cost of transporting from the mine or mill to the siding. The extra costs involved with the rail tend to lower the advantage of rail. Customers unloading and storage facilities must be compatible with the transportation system used. With most industrial minerals, customer requirements vary from a few tons to hundreds of tons per week. To serve the customers requires a flexible transportation system possibly including warehousing facilities. *Mr.Peter Dudka, Senior Distribution Consultant, Provincial Transportation Division, Goods Distribution Systems Office, 435 James St.S., P.O.Box 5000, Thunder Bay,Ont.P7C 5G6 Telephone no. (807) 475-7447
9 Marketing: Marketing effort is another major characteristic of the industrial minerals business. A good product is not enough; it is necessary to promote this fact to the consumers of the product. The first step is to carry out a thorough testing program to evaluate the characteristics of the product(s) to be produced. This assumes the exploration has been completed to the point where representative samples are available for testing. Samples of the product(s) must be sent to various users to obtain their opinion on the suitability of the product(s) for their specific application. The users© opinions would determine future action. It must be noted that the samples may be used as a means to obtain lower prices from present suppliers without obtaining a contract. This is part of the business. In some cases, particularly when promoting a new use for a specific product , additional testing and preparation of samples may be required. A strong technical group with laboratory facilities is a prerequisite to continuing sales and market share. Customers expect technical advice and assistance with the product. Most industrial mineral producers sell through sales agents. These agents generally represent more than one supplier and prefer to deal in complimentary and compatible products. An agent supplying several products to the paint industry would be most likely to add a new product to be used in paints. This approach keeps costs down while permitting the agent to better serve both the seller and buyer. The agent also serves as liaison between seller and buyer to solve problems and to indicate potential new uses for the material.Warehousing, transportation and accounting functions may also be handled by the agent. The agent, when supplied with sample and technical data on a new product also acts as a salesman in developing new customers. It must be emphasized that the generation of technical data is the responsibility of the industrial mineral producer.
10 Product Enhancement: The basic value of raw industrial minerals is low. The value of silica sand for glass making is in the order of 510-20Xton. Considering that glass works are located near vast supplies of suitable sand, silica from Northwestern Ontario could not likely compete in the glass industry. Therefore, to be economic, it is necessary to produce a product with a higher unit value. Silica ground to 99% less than 8 micron is quoted at $196 US per ton. This fifteen-fold increase in value is due simply to the product particle size. Similarly, value can be added by increasing purity or by adding surface modifying agents to improve the compatibility of the product for a specific end use. Increased processing improves the selling price and usually the profit margin. Most industrial mineral operations produce a range of products which not only cover a larger market base but also utilize the resource more efficiently. Products which are too coarse, too fine or too impure for some uses, may prove to be ideal for other markets. Thus, Indusmin produces by-product magnetite and some US firms produce feldspar and mica as by-products from spodumene mining. Tanco is presently examining feldspar recovery as a by product from the production of ceramic grade spodumene. With perhaps ten grades of mica and twenty grades of talc , each with specifications and characteristics specifically designed for one or two industries, a range of products is a necessity to supply the market. A range of products also tends to reduce fluctuations due to seasonal variations in some markets.
li CALCIUM CARBONATE Introduction: Calcium carbonate is one of the most widely used industrial minerals. From low-priced limestone aggregate to higher-valued, specialized, ultra-fine fillers, calcium carbonate is utilized over a broad spectrum of end uses. Although calcium carbonate is widely available throughout the world commercial production for the higher value products are confined to deposits with very specific characteristics. These characteristics include substantial tonnage and a low content of chemical impurities. Carbonate deposits known to occur within the study area do not conform to either of these criteria. Most of the carbonate is of hydrothermal origin consisting of carbonate as stringers or disseminations within other rock types. The typical carbonates are calcium-magnesium species such as dolomite or ankerite with a variety of impurities. The two sedimentary forms of calcium carbonate known to occur in the area are marl and carbonate concretions. Both of these could be used as a soil conditioner for agricultural purposes on a local basis.
Marl :
Marl is calcium carbonate sediment deposited through organic or chemical activity in fresh water. The material is unconsolidated and may contain plant and animal detritus, diatoms and clastic sediment. Marl is formed by deposition of CaCOS; groundwater leaches CaCO3 either from bedrock or overburden material and carries it as Ca(HC03)2. Ca(HCO3)2 is kept in solution by an excess of CO2; if this CO2 is lost CaCOS is precipitated. The main current use for marl is in agricultural soil conditioning in areas that do not have low cost limestone available. Marl has the advantage that it is already finely divided, can be handled with simple equipment and does not require any further processing once it is quarried. Other uses of marl are limited by its fine grain size, impurities, high moisture content and generally limited tonnages.
12 Property Name: Surprise Lake Commodity: Marl (Peat) Location: NTS: 52G/9NW Claim Map :English Lake G-2540 -Kenora Min. Div. Access: Figure 2 shows access to the site. The old road to the site leaves the gravel road 100 metres north of the CNR track. The sampling sites are located between the end of the old road and a pond. The old road to the site is built on fine sand. Removal of the brush growing on the old road would permit vehicle traffic to the site. Previous Work: Du Nor Products of Sioux Lookout removed a small amount of material to mix with potting soil and to test its use as a soil conditioner for farmland. The site was cleared of trees prior to excavating. Previous investigations in the area were carried out by Speed et al.1985, and Storey 1986b.This work indicated marl to be present on the east shore of Surprise Lake between the CNR track and the outlet of the Lake. Several auger holes along this shore encountered calcareous [sample M-17] sand and gravel but no marl horizons were present. The steep slopes adjacent to the shores of most of Surprise Lake indicate a low potential for marl deposits on dry land around the Lake.
Description: The marl is overlain by organic matter (see Table 2 for hole logs). The distribution of marl was determined by sinking holes manually with a post hole auger. Each hole was logged and samples collected of the various horizons encountered. The marl is white to brownish white and very fine grained. The consistency can be compact to semi-liquid depending on the degree of compaction (i.e. the moisture content). The brownish tinge is caused by organic matter. The thickness and distribution of the marl reflects the original depositional environment of the marl at a time when water levels were somewhat higher than at present. The organic matter was deposited as the lake dropped to its present level. Marl is also reported to occur in the adjacent pond (Palonen,1978). Marl is also reported (Speed et al,1985) to underly several areas of Surprise Lake.
Test Results: The analytical results of the marl samples collected in this study are presented in Tables 3 s 4.
13 Conclusions: The sampled area contains marl. In addition organic matter "peat 1 could be recovered from the same area. A backhoe could be used for excavating. The ground appears to be too soft (water saturated) for the use of a front-end loader. Dewatering of the pond adjacent to the sampling site would not appear to be feasible. The surface of the pond is the same elevation as Surprise Lake. As the pond does not have an outlet, drainage is directly through the sands and gravels into Surprise Lake. Development Considerations: Suggestions have been made that the marl on the lake bottom could be recovered by using a suction dredge and pumping the marl via pipeline to a settling pond excavated on the shore. A sample of marl at about S-10% solids was shaken and allowed to settle. A reasonably clear supernate developed after several hours. This indicates a substantial settling pond would be required to recover most of the marl/ and to produce an effluent low enough in suspendeded solids to permit discharge to the environment. The possibility of dredging to a settling pond would require additional study. In particular, the total volume of marl on the lake bottom must be determined. This data together with dredge characteristics, settling characteristics and marketing criteria would be combined to determine the economic feasibility of such an operation. A substantial marl reserve plus favourable marketing conditions would be required for a successful operation.
14 o1
LOCATION MAP SCALE 1:50,000 t lp ll lo© i
jgrassy wet with bushes area \
\ POND " of \
"o N AUGER HOLES
10m
Fig.2 Surprise Lake Marl Locations of Auger Holes
scale: l : 500
15 Table 2 Surprise Lake Marl - Auger Hole Logs (all depths in cm) Hole From To Desc. Sample Comments A O 105 organic B O 90 organic C O 60 organic water table -4" 60 90+ marl M- 12 Ipc blue flagging D O 15 organic 15 60 marl w/brown M- 10 3pc blue flagging (pale) organic matter 60 75 marl (minor) M- 10 3pc blue flagging (5%) organic matter 75 90 sand and gravel O 45 organic 45 90 marl w/brown M- 15 (pale) organic matter 90 105 sand and gravel blue grey O 15 organic 15 45 sand 45 90 marl (white) M-l 90 105 sand and gravel O 15 organic 15 30 sand 30 75 marl (white) M-4 75 90 sand/gravel H O 30 organic 30 90 marl /white M- 6 90 105 marl /brown M- 7 open to depth O 15 organic 15 90 marl/white M-8 90 105 marl (brown) M- 9 open to depth O 45 organic 45 90 marl w/several M-: 1/2" black or ganic lenses K 8 organic 75 sand/gravel
16 TABLE NO. 3 SURPRISE LAKE MARL ANALYSES CaO MgO LO I Sample No
DAJ-M-1 49.7 0.6 42.3 4 51.2 0.6 43.8 6 53.0 0.6 44.8 7 53.0 0.8 45.8 8 53.4 0.6 44.5 9 53.0 0.6 45.5 10 52.5 0.8 45.2 12 51.2 0.8 46.2 13 49.3 0.8 45.9 15 53.4 1.0 45.3 17 4.8 2.2 4.7
TABLE 4 ANALYSIS OF SUPRISE LAKE MARL COMPOSITE Sample No. DAJ-CM-19 {composite of first ten samples of Table 3 }
SiO2 3.55 A1203 0.59 Fe203 0.00 FeO 0.96 MgO 1.13 CaO 51.4 Na20 0.08 K2O 0.11 Ti02 0.03 P205 0.08 MnO 0.02 CO2 40.3 S 0.05 H20+ 1.31 H20- 0.24 LOI 41.0 Total 99.8
17 Carbonate Concretions: Carbonate concretions are common in varved clays of Glacial Lake Agassiz in the Dryden area. The concretions are light gray-brown very fine grained masses up to 30 cm across and 2 cm thick. They occur in layers in the clay and form residual deposits where the clay has been eroded.There are substantial volumes of concretions available over a large part of the Dryden-Wabigoon area. While there has been no reported use of these materials they have some potential for artistic or novelty use. The concretions have been noted on the north shore of Mile Lake, a small island in Wabigoon Lake opposite the outlet of Blackwater Creek near Wabigoon, along the north shore of Dinorwic Lake, in Colenso Tp. and south of Borups Corner. In all locations the concretions constitute up to S 1* of the clay. Use of these concretions, after crushing, as a soil conditioner has been suggested. Although very impure, the concretions could be used for this purpose but would require concentration prior to use. Comparatively simple washing and screening would do.Of particular concern would be the economics of producing a competatively priced product to compete with imported lime and limestone. A suitable mining location with adjacent tails disposed area would be critical. Most known locations are on shorelines, which would not be favourable as mining sites. Tailings disposal would also present problems. An inland site away from water courses would be preferred.
Any use for the clay would favourably affect the economics of an operation. The clay is actually rock flour with only a negligable clay mineral component (see section of this report on clay). To date no use for the clay has been discovered.
TABLE 5 ANALYSIS OF CARBONATE CONCRETIONS-NORTH SHORE OF MILE LAKE CaO MgO LO I Sample No. DAJ-C-1 22.7 1.21 26.0
18 CLAY Clays (often varved) are associated with the paleo lake bed of Lake Aggasiz in the Dinorwic-Vermilion Bay area. Samples collected from Mile Lake and Colenso Tp. indicate very little actual clay minerals are present. The "clay 1 is principally rock flour. The clays of the area do not have the physical properties of true clays although the chemistry can be similar. Laboratory research would be necessary to investigate possible applications for these ~clays©.
Table 6 Analysis of DAJ-ML-1 (clay) Si02 59.0 A1203 14.2 Fe203 2.43 FeO 2.44 MgO 3.14 CaO 6 .19 Na20 2.91 K20 2.05 Ti02 0.45 P2O5 0.13 MnO 0.05 C02 3.75 S 0.02 H2O+ 2.48 H20- 0.57 Total 99.8 L.O.I. 6.8 Mineralogy The mineralogy of clay sample DAJ-ML-1 from the north shore of Mile Lake was identified by W.D.Hicks,Mineralogist with the Geoscience Laboratory,O.G.S.,as follows;
DAJ-ML-1
An X-ray of the fine-grained grey material identified the following minerals in descending order of quantity. quartz plagioclase feldspar amphibole mica potash feldspar calcite dolomite "
19 Three clay samples from Colenso Twp.were identified by W.D.Hicks The results are given in Table 7.
Table 7 XRD Mineralogy of Colenso Twp. Clay Samples Mineral DAJ-86-86 DAJ-86-87 DAJ-86-88 quartz A A A plagioclase A A A potash feldspars D D D calcite BC BC BC dolomite D BC BC chlorite ODD amphibole D D D mica ODD A-abundant , B-moderate , C-minor , D-trace
20 LEUCOGRANITES AND PEGMATITES Leucogranites for the purposes of this study are defined as medium-to-coarse grained granitoid rocks generally white-to-light grey in colour but may be light pink-to reddish. Both leucogranites and pegmatites are potential sources of quartz, feldspar and mica. Some deposits contain possible recoverable amounts of the more exotic associated minerals such as spodumene, beryl, tantalite and pollucite. Leucogranites generally represent much larger tonnage potential than pegmatites. The leucogranites tend to be more uniform than pegmatites, resulting in a more predictable and easily controlled final product specification. The leucogranites are also more likely to permit open pit mining - a considerable cost reduction when compared to underground mining. Processing of a leucogranite or pegmatite typically consists of flotation to recover separate quartz, mica and feldspar concentrates. Magnetic separations may be carried out to reduce iron levels in the products. The presence of exotic minerals could require additional processing stages for their removal. Further processing to meet specific criteria would be carried out separately on each mineral concentrate. The area from Hwy. 72, west to beyond Medicine Lake, is known to contain a number of leucogranite and pegmatite bodies. The locations of some of these bodies are shown on various published maps (Breaks, et al, 1978; Breaks and Kuehner, 1984; Blackburn, et al, 1981; Breaks, et al, 1976). One pegmatite was located in Colenso Twp. No systematic mapping has been carried out in this area. It is expected that additional work will result in the discovery of other leucogranite and pegmatite bodies.
21 SILICA Major uses for silica are glass making and metallurgical use (as a flux in smelting and for ferrosilicon production). These uses employ low-cost sources of silica with which Northwestern Ontario silica could not compete. Fine-ground silica is used as an extender and filler in paints , bitumens, foundary fillings, etc. Silica is used to produce silicon carbide which is used for heat and corrosion-resisting hardware and an abrasive. Silicon nitride is used in caustic and high temperature applications. Silicon nitride and silicon carbide are being used as structural materials in ceramic engines. A ceramic engine runs hotter. Such an engine would be lighter and more efficient. Major research is underway world-wide to develop a commercial ceramic engine. Silicon is used to produce silanes, the base stock for the manufacture of a large variety of silicone products. Ultrahigh purity silicon is used for photovoltaic power systems and semi-conductor devices. It is.used as the source of silica to grow artificial quartz crystals and for fusing purposes. Low iron and aluminum are important, as these elements can substitute for silicon in the crystal structure during growth of the crystals. High-purity silica is used in speciality glass products. Ultra-high-purity silica contains less than 30 ppm. total impurities. High-purity silica contains less than 500 ppm total impurities. Analyses of some high to ultra-high purity quartz are given in Table 7. Prices for silica are generally based on purity and fineness of grind. List prices vary from US $71 /st for 90-95% -200 mesh to US |196 for 99% less than 8 micron. Quartz rock crystals are listed at US $440 - 2500/st for fusing and US $2.50-60.00 per pound for piezo-electrical and optical use.
22 TABLE 8 - ARKANSAS LASCAS GRADES AND PROPERTIES Grade Physical Properties Chemical analysis (typical)/ in ppm Al Fe Ga Mg Na K Li Ti Total clear to the un aided eye and essen tially free of crys tal faces. 15 1122 l l 25 to 6(^ clear to the unaided eye. Con tains minor air and water inclusions, but is essentially free of crystal faces. 15 1122 l l 25
Translucent to light 15 l l 15 7 l l 44 Opaque quartz of milky white appear ance. 20 l l 25 10 l l 64 Source:Farrell,1985
23 FELDSPAR Most feldspar is used as a fluxing agent in the manufacture of glass and ceramics. Other major uses are in sanitary ware, glass fiber and tile. Filler applications for feldspar are being expanded. Although most applications can use either potassium or sodium feldspars, others require one or the other. Commercially speaking, ©potash spar* is feldspar containing 1(^ or more K2O, ©soda spar 1 contains 7% or more Na2O. Feldspar for glass making is ground to either minus 20 or minus 40 mesh with a maximum on overgrind. Iron content is critical with limits of Q.3% Fe2O3 for highly coloured glass to Q.05% for high-quality clear glass. Alumina content is about 19% with Na2O of S-7% and K2O of 4 to e 5*. Glass for television tubes requires a high-potash feldspar. Quoted prices for feldspar range from US $30.75 to US $44.00 for -20 mesh and US S60.25 to 62.00 for -40 mesh. Ceramic use of feldspar requires a product generally -200 mesh. High potash feldspar is used for pottery making, vitrified china and high-voltage electrical insulators. Iron content can be more stringent than for glass grades. Quoted prices for -200 mesh fledspar range from US $61.25 to US 181.00. Filler applications require a much finer ground feldspar, typically measured in microns. Concentrating techniques generally employ flotation to separate a feldspar concentrate which is then ground to specification. Flotation techniques require desliming at 200 mesh for efficient separation. The -200 mesh portion contains feldspar which is lost, resulting in overall poor recoveries. Major producers produce feldspar from several deposits. Subsequent blending of the concentrates produce a range of K2OXNa2O ratios for specific markets. Generally, the higher the K2O7Na2O ratio, the higher the value. Some typical analyses of commercial feldspars and feldspathic materials are given in Table 8.
24 TABLE 9 - TYPICAL ANALYSES, FELDSPATHIC AND ALUMINOUS MATERIALS Soda Flotation Potash Flotation Dry Ground Feldspar, Spruce Feldspar, Kings Feldspar, Pine, NC Mountain, NC Custer, SD SiO2 67.54% 67.04% 71.84% A1203 19.25 18.02 16.06 Fe2O3 0.06 0.04 0.09 CaO 0.94 0.38 0.48 MgO trace trace trace K2O 4.05 12.10 7.60 Na2O 6.96 2.12 3.72 Loss 0.13 0.30 0.20
Canadian Nepheline Feldspathic Sand Low Iron Aplite, Syenite, Nephton, Bessemer City, NC Montpelier, VA Ontario, Canada S102 79.20% SiO2 63.71% Si02 ei.40% A1203 12.10 A12O3 21.89 A12O3 22.74 Fe203 0.06 Fe203 0.09 Fe2O3 0.06 CaO 0.52 CaO 5.70 CaO 0.70 MgO trace MgO trace MgO trace K20 2.62 Ti02 0.43 K2O 4.95 Na20 4.80 K2O 2.37 Na2O 9.54 LiO 0.35 Na20 5.60 Loss 0.60 Loss 0.35 Loss 0.21 SourcetLefond,1983
25 MICA The classic use of mica sheets in electrical applications is now only a minor use. Built-up mica, consisting of overlapping mica flakes cemented together to form large sheets, or mica paper, a thinner version of built-up mica, have been substituted due to cost and the poor availability of quality sheet and block mica. Ground mica is used in a wide range of products for reinforcing, extending and coating. Products include drywall cements, paints, drilling mud, mold lubricants and plastics. Generally, muscovite (white mica) is preferred for its light colour, although phlogopite (amber mica) is used in a number of applications. Biotite (black mica) is seldom used due to its colour and conductivity. The use of mica is expanding within the plastics industry. Mica is finely ground and delaminated (micronized) to produce a high aspect ratio product (defined as average diameter divided by thickness). Various surface treatments to enhance the properties of the mica are available. Prices range from $150-200/ton for muscovite scrap to $450- 600/ton for micronized mica. ^Suzorite 1 mica from Lacana Mining operations in Quebec is a phlogopite mica containing less than a third of the combined water of a typical phlogopite.
26 Property Name: Highway 72 Leucogranite Commodities: Feldspar, quartz, mica Location: NTS: 52F/16SW Claim Maps: McAree Tp.,G-3369 Patricia Min. Div. Laval Tp.,G-3370 Kenora Min. Div. Access: Highway 72 crosses the deposit 0.6 km. south of the McAree/Laval tp. boundary. All parts of the leucogranite are within 800 m of the highway with most being within 400 m.(Fig.3) A gravel road (partially overgrown) extends northeastward from the Ministry of Transportation gravel pits, located immediately southwest of the leucogranite. Access to the gravel pits and this road system is prevented by a locked gate across the road to the gravel pit. The key for the gate is kept at the Ministry of Transportation garage in Dinorwic. Use of the key is restricted. Development access would be subject to highway access standards. Previous Work: No work has been carried out in the area for leucogranites. Portions of the leucogranite have been staked in the past, but only incidential to work on adjacent areas. The area had been mapped in the past (Satterly 1943), but it was not until mapping by B.Berger of the O.G.S.in 1986 that the presence o©f the leucogranite became generally known (B.Berger , D.Janes , pers.comm. 1986),(B.Berger et al.,1987a). Description: The leucogranite consist of a zone 180 m wide parallelling and in contact with metasediments to the west. Generally thin (8-15 cm but occassionally to l m) bands of metasediments occur throughout the leucogranite. The inclusions constitute up to 5% of the mass. To the east, the leucogranite grades into a pink pegmatitic granite transitional into the main mass of the Sandybeach Lake Stock. To the north of the gravel pits is an occurrence of a somewhat foliated white to light green rock apparently lying withinthe light to medium pink pegmatitic granite. This rock is granitic in composition with minor chlorite. The significance of this rock type is unknown. The overall appearance of the leucogranite is similar wherever seen. The rock is white, coarse grained to pegmatitic and is composed primarily of feldspar eo-80%, quartz lS-30% with minor biotite, muscovite and garnet. Leucogranite east of Hwy.72 occupies the west side of atopographic high opposite the junction of Hwy.72 and the Troutfly Lake Rd. Further to the southwest just to the east of Hwy.72,the leucogranite straddles a valley and low ridge.West of Hwy,72 the leucogranite is covered by swamp.
27 Fig.3 Highway 72 Pegmatitic Granite Area scale: l : 31,680
Test Results - The samples tested on the Frantz were collected from the prominent outcrop adjacent to Highway 72. The sample of metasedimentary inclusion was tested to indicate what effect this material would have on the overall final product from a processing operation. These inclusions could not be separated from the leucogranite by selective mining.
28 Table 10 Highway 72 - Leucogranite Frantz Test non-magnetic portion DAJ-86-31 size fraction Fe A12O3 Na2O K2O ppm % % % -20+60 mesh 4300 12.2 3.56 3.93 -60+200 mesh 2800 11.0 3.67 4.31 DAJ-86-92 size fraction -20+60 mesh 700 12.8 5.77 1.18 -60+200 mesh 600 12.9 5.96 1.21 DAJ-86-31:composite grab,typical leucogranite DAJ-86-92:composite grab/metasedimentary inclusion
Table 11 Highway 72 - Leucogranite : Trace Analysis of Mica Li Ga DAJ-86-32 1420 ppm 171 ppm DAJ-86-32:select sample of mica Conclusions: The Frantz Tests indicate a comparatively high iron content in the non-magnetic portion.The Li and Ga fractionation may indicate potential for these elements. Exploration and Development Considerations: The geology of the deposit indicates a substantial depth can be expected. Grain size and mineralogy are not likely to change significantly with depth. Consequently, drilling is not necessary or warranted in the early exploration stages. Diamond drilling should be carried out to verify depth extension and to define deposit quality after all other data indicates commercial viability. Systematic stripping and rock and trenching could be carried out economically and effectively to evaluate the surface of the deposit. Stripping would provide data on the surface geology and overburden depths. Rock trenching would provide the samples for testing the quality of the products to be produced. Staking of the leucogranite would be straight forward. Anyone staking should consider staking possible plant and tailings disposal areas at the same time. This would facilitate a package deal and assure no expensive surprises during development.
29 Property Name: Medicine Lake Leucogranite Commodities: Feldspar, quartz, mica (beryl, tantalum) Location: Northeast part of Tustin Tp. N.T.S. 52F/13 SW Claim Map: Tustin Tp, M.2048, Kenora Mining Division Access: The gravel Gordon Lake Road crosses the deposit located between Medicine and Lift Lakes about 4 km. north of Highway 17.(Fig.4) Development access would involve upgrading the present access road (i.e. straighten and widen).
Previous Work: The leucogranite has been explored in the past for beryl and tantalite. No recent activity has been recorded.
Description: The leucogranite outcrops along the Gordon Lake access road, at the northeast corner of Medicine Lake and to the east of a cabin on Medicine Lake, adjacent to the road, Two trenches about 50 m east of the road were sampled together with several outcrops to the south. The leucogranite is coarse grained to pegmatitic with a faint east-west banding. Feldspar is the major component (60-70%) with quartz constituting the other major mineral. Biotite, muscovite, garnet and tourmaline are minor but ubiquitous constituents. The contact of the leucogranite is sharp with the volcanics to the north. As seen in several outcrops near the road, the leucogranite/volcanic contact is irregular but generally east- west and vertical. The leucogranite appears to be crosscutting the volcanics at a small angle. The leucogranite is 100-150 m wide, the southern contact being graditional into a pink pegmatitic granite. The southern contact is obscured by overburden. The leucogranite continues for at least 200 m east of the road. The following description is taken from Vos et al.,1982: "The white pegmatite is in part spatially related to porphyritic granodiorite. The white pegmatite bodies are medium to coarse grained, massive, and locally are weakly radioactive. The major minerals are perthite, quartz and biotite. Accessory minerals include black tourmaline, beryl, garnet and rare tantalite."
30 "The close spatial relationship and similarity in mineral assemblages between white pegmatite and porphyritic granodiorite suggest a common genesis for these rocks." (Pryslak 1976, p.28).
Mineralogy: Mineralization occurs in a pegmatite intrusion that is white to grey in colour and pink in local areas. The intrusion is about 1500 feet wide and 2000 feet long and is oriented in a northeasterly direction." The pegmatite is medium to very coarse-grained and consists of feldspar and quartz with small amounts of muscovite, rare black tourmaline, biotite, red garnet, black tantalite and yellow to clear beryl crystals. "The beryl crystals appeared to be confined to a coarser phase of the pegmatite in this locality. Large crystals of white and gray perthitic feldspar up to a foot across accompany the beryl mineralization. Thin sheets of biotite mica several inches in length often occur along the crystal faces of the feldspar. Small patches and crystals of black tourmaline up to an inch in diameter were noticed." (Chisholm 1949, p.5)." Some columbite-tantalite crystals were also observed northeast of the main beryl showing and it is believed that uraninite crystals are also present in the pegmatite since higher than normal counts were obtained on a geiger counter. Remarks: A sample sent to Beryllium Corporation for assay showed 13.6% beryllium oxide and a sample of the massive grey perthite is reported to contain 1^ beryllium oxide. "The beryl crystals appear to be too scattered and small to be worked for beryl alone, however additional stripping might reveal an economic deposit of potash spar. Its commercial possibilities would appear to depend on the size of the deposit, its overall grade as determined by additional trenching and sampling, and the cost of transportation to markets in eastern Ontario. The geological conditions indicate that the area should be carefully prospected with a geiger counter for the occurrence of radioactive minerals." (Chisholm 1949, p.6)."
31 volcanics Fig. 4 sediments Medicine Lake Leucogranite scale: pegmatite l : 15,840 and .title granite
volcanics
49*51©
Test Results: The test results are given in Tables 12 S 13. The results do indicate the samples approach product specifications.The 11 ppm Cu for sample DAJ-MED-5 is rather anomalous. The Cu may be due to the proximity of the leucogranite to copper-nickel mineralization in mafic intrusives within the volcanics to the north. Alternatively, it may be a spurious result.
Table 12 Frantz Test-Medicine Lake Leucogranite non-magnetic portion DAJ-86-30 size fraction Fe A1203 Na20 K20 ppm % % % -20+60 mesh 4300 12.6 4.10 4.70 -60+200 mesh 3600 12.2 3.69 4.29
DAJ-86-30 :composite grab,main trench
32 Table 13 Medicine Lake Mineral Analyses DAJ- DAJ- DAJ- DAJ- DAJ- DAJ MED-1 MED-2 MED-3 MED-4 MED-5 MED-6
Si02 66.0 65.4 66.0 98.4 98.1 46.1 A1203 19.7 19.9 19.9 0.95 1.05 37.1 Fe2O3 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.60 FeO 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 1.26 MgO 0.19 0.06 0.14 0.04 0.25 0.18 CaO 0.12 0.10 0.10 0.05 0.14 0.05 Na2O 3.40 3.40 3.22 0.03 0.00 0.29 K20 10.4 10.3 10.4 0.04 0.03 9.77 TiO2 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.08 P205 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.01 MnO 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 C02 0.09 0.07 0.09 0.09 0.15 0.16 S 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 H20 * 0.0 0.11 0.01 0.0 0.0 3.37 H2O - 0.05 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.21 LO I 0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.0 4.7 Total 100.1 99.6 100.1 99.8 99.9 100.1 Ba(ppm) 10 20 20 Ti ^00 ^00 Ni(ppm) <5 <5 Gr(ppm) Cu(ppm) 11 Co(ppm) <5 <5 Li (ppm) 555 F (ppm) 620 Ga (ppm) 21 32 27 219 DAJ-MED-l:select sample of feldspar DAJ-MED-2:select sample of feldspar DAJ-MED-3:select sample of feldspar DAJ-MED-4:select sample of quartz DAJ-MED-5:select sample of quartz DAJ-MED-6:select sample of mica (mixed biotite and muscovite)
Conclusions: Overall the results indicate that the deposit can produce concentrates which meet criteria for low iron.Further work is warranted to fully define the potential ."The presence of beryl and tantalite add to the potential of this deposit.
33 Development Considerations: The area underlain by leucogranite is covered by less than one metre of overburden . Systematic stripping and rock trenching could easily be carried out to evaluate the deposit. The adjacent road and the flat topography facilitate access and transport. Exploration to extend the leucogranite area to the east is recommended. Mining would involve minor overburden stripping. Plant location and tailings disposal would likely be to the south, however, additional study may indicate other suitable sites. The Gordon Lake Access Road may require changes to facilitate mining, depending on the area of leucogranite available to the east
34 Property name: Colenso Twp. Commodity: Feldspar, quartz Location: Southwest part Lot 3, Concession I, Colenso Tp. NTS: 52 F/14 NE Claim map: Colenso Twp. M-1963,Kenora Min. Div. Access: This occurrence is 100m south of Mutrie Creek, 20.2 km via dirt road north and west of Minnitaki on Highway 17 west of Dryden. The pegmatite outcrops in the ditch on the east side of the road. Development access would likely involve upgrading the present road. Previous Work: No work has been reported. No evidence of any previous activity was seen in the field.
Description: The exposure consists of a single outcrop in a ditch adjacent to the road. The exposure measures 5xl2m The outcrop lies along the south side of an east-west trending ridge. The ridge is covered by less than 1.5m of clay.The outcrop consists of 70 ifc feldspar with 25% quartz and 5% biotite, muscovite, garnet and tourmaline. A few tens of metres to the south along the road are small exposures of similar leucogranite. Here the leucogranite occurs as dykes OOcm wide within a metasedimentary unit. The main exposure in the ditch is likely a similar but larger dyke. Test Results: Only one sample was collected due to the smooth surface of the outcrop. Results are given in Tables 14 k 15.
Table 14 Frantz Test-Colenso Twp.Pegmatite non-magnetic portion DAJ-86-93 size fraction Fe A1203 Na20 K20 ppm % % % -20+60 mesh 2300 14.1 5.50 3.23 -60+200 mesh 1300 10.4 3.61 2.87
35 Table 15 COLENSO TWP. Pegmatite Analysis DAJ-86-93 Li 6 ppm Conclusions: The single test result is not considered to be representative. Comparison of the +60 and -60 mesh fractions show A12O3/ Na2O and K2O variations higher than expected. Additional testing is required to adequately test this pegmatite.
Development Considerations: First priority on this deposit would be to determine the width of the leucogranite and the size and frequency of other leucogranites in the immediate vicinity. Mechanical stripping of trenches down the hillside followed by washing would quickly expose all zones on the flank of the hill. If this work indicates sufficient tonnage potential, rock trenching and sampling could follow. Test work on the samples would determine the commercial possibilities.
36 Property Name: Gullwing Lake - Drope Tp Leucogranite Commodity: Feldspar, quartz, mica Location: 1.5 km west of Webb-Drope Tp. boundary and 0.8 km south of Gullwing Lake NTS: 52F/15NE Claim Map:Drope Twp. G-2873 , Patricia Min. Div. Access: The leucogranite is exposed 250-600 m north of the Ghost Lake road at a point 63.3 km. easterly along Highway 664 and gravel roads from Highway 72.Outcrop areas are rocky ridges with little or no soil.Intervening low ground is swampy with open water. Development access would involve a road for several thousand feet with culverts in low-lying areas. Gravel deposits occur along the Ghost Lake Road adjacent to the leucogranite area. Previous work: The area was mapped previously (Harding,1950 , Page,1984 ).In neither case was the leucogranite specifically mapped separately from the adjacent pink pegmatitic granites. Description: The main outcrop area of leucogranite occurs (see Fig. 5 ) north of the stream parallelling the Ghost Lake-Hudson Road. The outcrop area is 75-100 m wide and consists of leucogranite with minor metasedimentary inclusions in the southwest corner. Feldspar {eO-70%} and quartz constitute the major mineral components with biotite and muscovite present in amounts of 2-3%. Further to the north is a low swampy area several hundred feet wide containing two small streams. Between the two streams is a single outcrop of dark pink pegmatite containing biotite and tourmaline. To the north of the second small stream is a large outcrop of mixed light pink and white pegmatitic granite. The gradational contacts between the contacts precludes selective mining. Test Results: The test results are given in Tables 16 b 17.
37 BROWNRIDGE TWP
Fig.5 Gullwing Lake-Drope Twp Pegmatitic Granite Area scale: l : 15,840
38 Table 16 Frantz Test-Gullwing Lake-Drope Twp.Leucogranite DAJ-86-35 non-magnetic portion size fraction Fe A1203 Na2O K2O ppm % % % -20+60 mesh 4600 7.0 2.86 1.13 -60+200 mesh 3600 7.6 3.34 1.08 DAJ-86-35:composite grab sample from outcrop area
Table 17 Gullwing Lake - Drope Twp. Leucogranite Trace Analysis of Mica Li Ga Fe DAJ-86-34 415 ppm 173 ppm 2.45 !fc DAJ-86-34:select sample of mica from leucogranite
Conclusions: The Frantz test indicates comparatively high iron contents in the non-magnetic portion.The fractionation of Li and Ga may indicate the presence of exotic pegmatites in the area.The K2OXNa2O ratio indicates a predominately sodium feldspar content.
39 Property Name: Gullwing Lake - Webb Twp. Pegmatite Commodity: Feldspar, quartz, mica (garnet, beryl, tantalite) Location: 200m east of Drope-Webb Twp. boundary, 400m south of Gullwing Lake
NTS: 52 F/15 NE Claim Map: Webb Twp.,G-2888, Patricia Min. Div. Access: This pegmatite is located near the end of an old logging road,(Fig.6) about 2.5 km north and west from the Ghost Lake- Hudson Road. A vehicle with high ground clearance is recommended. In wet weather four-wheel drive would be required. The dyke is exposed in stripping on two ridges just north of the old road. Development access could use the present road location with up grading. A more direct road could be built butthe feasibility would require study. Gravel and sand deposits are present within a few miles.
Descriptions: This pegmatite dyke was sampled by M. Vos and D. A. Janes. The author did not visit the site. The following description is from Janes, 1981: "The pegmatite cuts mafic metavolcanic rocks which form the southern limb of the Lateral Lake structure. The dikes strike roughly north-south and appear to dip steeply to the west. Approximately 1000 feet of strike length is exposed and the dike varies from 30 to 100 feet in width. To the north end of the exposure, the dike tends to be folded and may pinch out within 50 to 100 feet of Gullwing Lake. Southern continuation of the dike is possible. The dike is composed of a chaotic assemblage of coarse grained potassium feldspar with very long, thin blades of biotite and/or muscovite with graphic quartz and blocky, white quartz. The pegmatite forms a prominent ridge which can be seen for miles. Near the base of one hill, complex sodic replacement textures can be seen and a typical lithium tantalum suite has developed with replacement of biotite, development of clevelandite and the replacement of sparse spodumene with resultant lepidolite growth."
Test Results: Test results are given in Table 18.
40 Fig. 6 Gullwing Lake- Webb Twp.Pegmatite scale: l : 15,840
Table 18 Frantz Test-Gullwing Lake-Webb Twp.Pegmatite non-magnetic portion 86-002 size fraction Fe A1203 Na20 K20 ppm % % %
-20+60 mesh 6500 10.9 2.83 5.64
-60+200 mesh 2200 10.9 2.70 5.98 86-002:sample from the pegmatite dyke collected by M.Vos Conclusions: This pegmatite has potential for beryl and tantalite in addition to feldspar, quartz and mica. The test results show exceptionally high iron values considering the high degree of differentiation of this dyke. Additional testing is required to accurately determine the true iron content of potential mineral products from this dyke. Development Considerations Underground mining may be required to recover large tonnages. The full length of the dyke is not known and should be determined. The surface exposures have been well cleaned and could be easily bulk sampled. The depth continuity is critical to prove up sufficient tonnage. Diamond drilling would be necessary. Due to the nature of pegmatites it is expected that comparatively extensive diamond drilling will be required compared to leucogranites.
41 Property Name:Revell Batholith-Basket Lake Road Commodity:feldspar , quartz Location: Junction of Highway 17 and Basket Lake Road west of Ignace , east of Dryden NTS:52 F/09 SE Claim Map:Revell Twp.,M-2011/Kenora Min.Div. Access: The rock cut located immediately south of Highway 17 at the junction of the Basket Lake Road is the outcrop sampled. The outcrop area extends south for 500 feet to the Revell River. Several similar outcrops occur for 5 - 10 km. along the northern flank of the Revell Batholith.(see Fig. 14) Previous Work: Recently work has been carried out assessing the building stone potential. No earlier work has been reported, however, two areas of blasting were noted. The blasting is believed to be related to the period of highway construction, possibly in the search for material for the road base. Description: The northeast part of the Revell Batholith along Highway 17 in Revell Twp.is a white to grey, coarse grained massive granodiorite. The location sampled (opposite the Basket Lake Road on Highway 17) is a white to very light grey variety. The rock has a ©speckled© appearance due to the biotite content. Mineralogical composition is given by Storey as 30.4% quartz, 51.0% plagioclase, 10.3% orthoclase and 8. 3 ifc biotite. (Storey,1986a). The outcrop area extends from the highway, southerly to the Revell River a distance of 160m. Additional outcrop is present south of the river but was not examined. Several outcrops of similar composition are exposed along the Highway easterly into the northwest corner of Hodgson Tp.
Test Results: No test results are available. Conclusions: The mineralogy as given above indicates a high Na207K20 ratio would be present in any feldspar product.
42 Property Name: Harrison Pegmatite Commodity: Feldspar, quartz, mica Location: Southwest part of Cobble Lake NTS:52 F/13 SE Claim Map:Bridges Twp.,M-1951, Kenora Min.Div. Access: The most convenient access is via boat from Alexandra, Edward or Forest Lake. A control dam on Forest Lake has raised the lake levels sufficiently to permit direct boat traffic without portages to Cobble Lake. The deposit is exposed on the south side of a point along the south shore of Cobble Lake (see Fig. l ). Development access would require a new road to be built to connect the deposit to Highway 17, three km to the south. Previous work: The property was staked by J. Harrison of Eagle River. Work on the claim consisted of a short adit, surface blasting and several diamond drill holes. Description: The property has been described by Pryslak,1976 as follows; " The muscovite-bearing pegmatite trends easterly through the centre of the claim, dips subvertically, and has a maximum width of 150 feet (46m). Microcline, perthitic microcline, and quartz are the major mineral constituents, and biotite, muscovite and tourmaline occur in lesser amounts. Minor blue-green garnet and rare tantalite- columbite have also been identified by D. F. Parrott (personal communication). Black tourmaline locally forms up to 10 percent of the pegmatite mass and can be readily observed in the dike, between 100 and 300 feet (30 and 90m) west of the adit. Individual crystals range up to 10 inches (25 cm) in length and 2 1/2 inches (5.3 cm) in diameter. Biotite books, up to 5 inches (13 cm) in diameter, and 2 inches (5 cm) thick, form about 5 percent of the pegmatite mass. Muscovite is segregated in small lenses in the pegmatite. The largest muscovite zone occurs near the entrance of the adit, strikes easterly, and dips vertically. The zone has a maximum thickness of 2 feet (0.6m) and can be traced on the surface for a distance of 30 feet (9m). The east end of the zone is under water. A 50-foot (15m) horizontal diamond-drill hole, located about 200 feet (60m) west of the adit, intersected a muscovite-bearing zone about 20 feet (6m) wide. The muscovite has a light greenish brown colour and forms books up to 18 inches (46 cm) in diameter, and up to 5 inches (13 cm) thick. Most of the larger books contain structural imperfections known as ~A© reeves and wedge structure. " 43 Of particular note is the attitude of the pegmatite. In the cliff face immediately east of the adit the contact between the overlying mafics and underlying pegmatite is clearly exposed. In the plane of the cliff the contact is dipping at 10-20 degrees easterly. This is not the true dip as the pegmatite does not outcrop on the north side of the peninsula opposite the adit. Due to the undulating nature of the contact and the shallow dip, no accurate measurements of the dip are possible. It appears that the upper contact of the pegmatite body is more or less horizontal. Insufficient time was available to examine the area to the west to determine the relationship of this pegmatite to the pegmatite mapped as occurring over a large area. Indications are that the Harrison pegmatite is unique in the area because of its very coarse grain size (feldspar crystals to 20-25 cm) compared to the 1-2 cm crystals in the other pegmatites mapped.
Test Results: The test results are given in Tables 19 6 20. Table 19 Partial Analysis of Feldspar from Harrison Pegmatite DAJ-86-90 K2O Fe 10.0% Q.06% Leaching of the feldspar with HC1 after crushing to -10 mesh gave an iron content of 280ppm.
Table 20 Analysis of Mica from Harrison Pegmatite DAJ-86-89 Li Ga ppm ppm 460 247 DAJ-86-89:select sample of mica Conclusions: The feldspar is a high potassium variety however the iron content is too high for most market applications. Acid leaching reduces the iron content however whether this will reduce the iron economically to acceptable levels will require additonal study and testing. More detailed study is required to determine the structure (and thus the tonnage potential) of this pegmatite. Development Considerations: Underground mining would likely be required due to the structure. Plant site and tailings disposal areas would have to be located away from the lake. Cobble and adjacent lakes are a popular tourist area. Interference with the lake would be difficult to justify.
44 Other Feldspar Analysis The following is a listing of analyses of potassium feldspars from the Dryden-Gullwing Lake area (Ucakuwun, 1981). The Rb2O is considered to be similar to K20 in ceramics and would be an acceptable addition (Agricola Mineralia, 1986).For sample locations and other details see Ucakuwun,1981 (copy on file in Resident Geologist©s Office,Sioux Lookout). The K2O values are very promising. Follow-up work to determine the iron content of the feldspars and the feldspar content of the bodies is warranted. Spodumene is present in some of the deposits listed. Elevated gallium values may also be present. TABLE 21 Partial Analysis of Potassium Feldspars Dryden - Gullwing Lake Area
Sample Na2O K2O Rb20 Zealand pegmatite ZP-01 2.56 12.70 0.25 ZP-03 2.28 13.05 0.24 ZP-05 2.81 12.50 0.26 ZP-09 2.83 12.75 0.24 ZP-11 2.60 12.95 0.23 Mavis Lake pegmatites MLP-NZ 01 56 13.85 1.10 MLP-NZ 03 90 13.45 0.98 MLP-NZ 17 20 14.10 08 MLP-NZ 23 1.14 14.25 04 MLP-NZ 24 20 13.75 1.77 MLP-NZ 28 56 13.65 19 MLP-NZ 30 83 13.30 12 MLP-NZ 36 62 13.40 42 MLP-NZ 42 54 13.25 59 MLP-NZ 47 32 13.85 47 MLP-SZ 01 44 13.70 01 MLP-SZ 03 64 13.45 48 MLP-SZ 05 84 13.35 0.87 MLP-SZ 06 40 13.65 1.46 MLP-SZ 09 40 13.40 1.74 MLP-SZ 10 43 13.70 2.24 MLP-SZ 11 48 13.65 0.94 MLP-SZ 15 70 13.50 0.89 MLP-SZ 32 69 13.50 0.86 MLP-SZ 33 1.72 13.60 0.84 Tot Lake pegmatites GPE-03 2.49 12.15 1.53 GPE-05 1.79 12.95 1.93 GPE-11 1.50 13.00 2.09 GPC-01 1.89 12.60 1.89 GPW-01 1.93 12.80 1.89 45 Table 21 cont©d.
Na20 K2O Rb2O Airport pegmatitic granite APG-01 2.80 12.45 0.11 APG-05 2.41 13.10 0.19 APG-07 3.08 11.75 0.08 APG-08 3.44 11.85 0.10 APG-09 3.63 11.85 0.11 Zealand pegmatitic granite ZPG-05 3.17 11.90 0.07 ZPG-07 3.01 -11.90 0.06 ZPG-09 2.91 12.15 0.07 ZPG-11 2.96 12.40 0.09 Gullwing pegmatitic granite GWG-01 2.53 12.65 0.23 GWG-07 2.99 11.90 0.13 data from Ucakuwun,1981
46 GRAPHITE Graphite is a soft, black, naturally-occurring form of carbon. Graphite is classified into flake and amorphous varieties. Flake may be defined as crystalline graphite with particle sizes larger than 100 mesh. Amorphous is the cryptocrystalline variety usually seen in Ontario when drilling certain electromagnetic conductors. There are no specific size definitions for what constitutes large flake or medium flake.Each producer varies.Large flake is greater than 30-50 mesh , medium flake greater than 60-80 mesh and fine flake greater than 100 mesh. The bulk of flake graphite is used in the manufacture of refractories due to its inertness and high melting point. Traditional clay-graphite crucibles contain about 45% graphite (large flake with 90% carbon). Carbon bonded silica crucibles contain only 30% large flake with a carbon content of 80%. Graphite is used in magnesia-carbon bricks in steel furnace linings and alumina-carbon refractories. Graphite specifications vary but generally are +200 mesh with carbon content in excess of 85%. Graphite used in breaklinings is generally -200 mesh with a carbon content of 98%. Lower quality graphite (90% carbon) may be acceptable provided the impurities are not abrasive (e.g. silica). Graphite©s high electrical conductivity is a property used in dry cell batteries. Standard zinc/carbon batteries require a -200 mesh product containing more than 88% carbon. Alkaline batteries require a graphite somewhat finer than 200 mesh, a minimum of 98% carbon and free of metallic impurities. Carbon brushes for electric motors require graphite with a carbon content of at least 95% although 99% is more common. Mesh size is -100 with over 50% -300 mesh. Graphite used in lubricants requires 100-300 mesh with a carbon content of 96 1fc , preferably 98-99%. Other uses for graphite include paints and foundary coatings. Prices for flake graphite reflect the size and carbon content. Large flake is quoted at US |630-1000Xmetric tonne. The spread is due to carbon content from 85% to 90% Minus 200 mesh graphite ranges from US $250-275/metric tonne for SO/85% carbon to US $750-1000 for 97/99% carbon content. Mexican bulk amorphous non- flake graphite containing SO/85% carbon is quoted at US $90- 120/metric tonne. Graphite which expands to e-700% of its own volume and contains 99** carbon can be worth up to $4-5000 per metric tonne.This expanded graphite is used as a hot topping to insulate molten metals.The process involves two stages of acid washing.Subsequent heating of the graphite produces the expansion. Of particular concern with a flake graphite deposit is to minimize flake size breakdown when processing. This requires a well-controlled crushing and grinding circuit. Successful flotation of graphite followed by final cleaning on a shaking table to commercial specifications has been carried out by the Ontario Research Foundation (pers. comm. 1986).
48 Property Name: Harrison Graphite Commodity: Graphite (flake) Location: NTS: 52L/8 SW Claim Map:Treelined Lake Area,G-265l,Kenora Min.Div. Access: The English River Road, north of Redditt, passes within 1.2 km of the main showing. A 600 m portage leads north from the road to the south shore of the lake (locally known as Trout Lake). The main showing is 0.9 km. north across the lake. A new logging road is being constructed to the north from the English River Road between Trout Lake and Treelined Lake. Development access would likely consist of upgrading existing roads with additional construction as required. No data on sand/gravel deposits is known by the author as the roads in the area were not examined.
Previous work: The two graphite showings were discovered by John Harrison of Eagle River while prospecting for uranium. The area was mapped as part of a regional reconnaissance mapping project (Breaks et al,1975) .
Description: The Harrison South Showing consists of a 2.4 m wide schistose zone exposed in a cut blasted off the side of a ridge beside the lake. The schist consists of quartz, feldspar, biotite and graphite. A continuous series of 0.3m samples across this zone averaged S.7% graphite.The individual 0.3m increments ranged from X.3% to e.5% graphite.Two composites of -10 mesh material were made up from these 8 samples for heavy liquid testing and analyses.Results are given in Table 26. Sulphides, mainly pyrite are present as blebs and streaks along the schistosity. A mica (green) with minor talc possibly altered from tremolite (R. Laakso,pers.comm.) is occasionally present. The area is distinctively stained by rust from the weathering of pyrite. Uranium stain is also present. Within the schist are conformable bands of pink granitic pegmatite up to several inches thick. The pegmatite layers also contain graphite. Graphite is present as crystalline flake. Flakes occur in all sizes up to l mm. with occasional flakes and aggregates to 3 mm.
49 The zone strikes northeasterly and dips vertically. The southeast edge of the zone is under the lake. To the northwest, disseminated graphite is present in the schist for a width of 40 m. Thin pegmatitic horizons are also present. Beyond the 40 m point, the rock is principally a coarse grained granite with a faint gneissic to banded texture. Biotite schist is absent or, if present, occurs in very narrow 5-8 cm bands. Rusty weathering is characteristic of the graphite-bearing schist. Pyrite was seldom seen but where observed, was usually finely disseminated and rarely as seams parallelling the schistosity. The rusty weathering is attributed to the pyrite. Sampling locations in this area and the resulting assays are shown on Fig.7 and Tables 22,23,24,25 and 26. The Harrison North showing was not examined. According to Storey (pers. comm. 1986) only minor graphite over -^0.5 m widths is present in this zone. The zone is not as schistose as the southern showing.
Other Graphite Occurrences: On and adjacent to the Lake are several other zones containing graphite. These zones have similar characteristics to the Harrison South showing in that they occur in schist zones, all are rusty on surface and all have an east-west to northeasterly strike. The rocks of the area have undergone anatexis. During this process, rotation of certain elements have occurred. This is evident in outcrop along the southeast shore of the Lake where biotite-rich units show distinct bending of the units. Near the Harrison South showing strikes taken along the schist show variations of 10-15 degrees either side of the average. Rotation of the unit would explain this variation. As a result of this variable rotation, extrapolation of graphitic horizons has not been attempted. More data is required before valid extrapolations are possible. The various graphite occurrences have been numbered for convenient referencing (see Fig.7) and are briefly described below. Occurrence l is exposed on the prominent 30 m high cliff face on the southwest shore of the lake. The cliff face approximates the strike of the graphitic horizon. Gossan, due to weathering of pyrite, is noticeable one-half mile away, across the lake. The true thickness exposed of the graphite-bearing unit is about 6 - 10 m. The north side of the zone is beneath the lake. Graphite content is estimated at 1-2 % overall with occasional local concentrations to 5%.
50 Occurrence 2 consists of several narrow (l-5m) graphitic schist horizons separated by tens of meters of pegmatitic granite. Overall graphite content in the schist is estimated at O.S-1%. It has been reported (J. Harrison pers. comm. 1986) that pits were sunk on graphite-bearing zones a short distance to the southwest of Occurrence 2. Occurrence 3 is an exposure of graphite-bearing schist forming the northwest corner of the island. The exposed width is 0.6-lm. The south contact, with non-graphitic, more massive schist, is exposed in the same outcrop. The north contact lies under the lake. Occurrence 4 is a 10 m width of graphitic schist exposed on the south side of the major peninsula in the southern part of the lake. Graphite content is estimated at l-2%. Although indicated as a separate occurrence, this schist has been followed along strike in discontinuous outcrop to the Harrison South showing. If Occurrences 3 fi 4 represent the two edges of a single graphitic horizon, the zone would be 80m wide. This possibility could only be confirmed by drilling. Occurrence 5 is a 12 m wide zone of graphite-bearing schist. It is exposed on a low cliff face a few feet from the shore in the southeast part of the lake. Occurrence 6 contains only very minor graphite in a sheared zone 0.6 m wide.A quartz vein 3-8 cm wide with S-10% sulphides (mainly pyrite) occupies part of the shear. The sulphide occurrence itself appears to be limited in extent. It does, however, indicate the presence of sulphide mineralization in the area. Occurrence 7 is a 0.3-0.7m wide zone exposed on a small cliff face on the southeast end of the lake. The south edge of the zone is under water. Graphite content is estimated at l-2%. Occurrence 8 is a 12m wide zone exposed on the shoreline. The south contact is exposed along the shore. The north contact is underwater. Overall graphite content is estimated at l-2%. Occurrence 9 is a 0.3-1m zone exposed on a low outcrop on the north shore of the east part of the lake. Occasional graphite flakes are found adjacent to the zone, however, the graphite content is very low and erratic. Other outcrops adjacent to the graphite zone appear to be barren of graphite. Occurrence 10 is an llm wide graphite- bearing zone exposed on the south end of the peninsula at the north end of the lake. The south edge of the zone is under the lake. Graphite content is estimated at 1-2 !fc. This occurrence, if projected westward, should cross the island lying to the west of the peninsula. No graphite-bearing rocks were noted, however, the central part of the island is entirely overburden covered and a graphite-bearing horizon could underly this area. 51 Occurrences 11 and 12 are gossan areas seen from the air. As all graphite zones seen were characterized by gossans,it is possible that occurrences 11 and 12 are also graphite-bearing. All graphite occurrences are hosted by biotite schist. Pegmatite is generally present (up to ID-15%) as thin *:18 cm layers parallel to the schistosity. Outcrops are always rusty, although chipping of the outcrop may be necessary to see the rusty nature of the rock. Non-graphite-bearing rocks are more massive. In most locations, the rocks are massive granitic pegmatite varying from white to pale pink in colour. Exposed at the northeast end of the lake are a series of fine-grained, dark grey, massive to very slightly- sheared metasediments. The appearance of graphite and non- graphite bearing rocks is very distinctive and diagnostic. The impression gained from examining the lake-shore outcrops was the somewhat greater amount of granitic pegmatite on the west shore. This would indicate that the area to the east of the lake would be more likely to contain additional graphite occurrences. A VLF survey was carried out on a line 100-150m east of the Harrison South showing. Three conductors were found, two of which are along strike from the Harrison South showing. The third conductor may represent conductive overburden but it does correlate with the south side of an area of low ground opposite the Harrison South showing. There is a possibility that this conductor may represent the southern limit of the graphite- bearing zone. Based on the very limited work carried out, VLF would be a useful technique to trace graphite-bearing horizons. It is expected that not all the graphitic horizons will be conductive due to the disseminated nature of the graphite. A VLF survey would likely show a series of conductors often non-correlatable between lines. An envelope outlining these conductors would contain the graphitic zones.
Test Results: Test Results are shown in Tables 22,23,24 and 25. The analysis for graphite is a calculated value as the analytical technique is not specific for graphite. An analysis is done for total carbon and a second analysis for carbon in carbonate, the difference is taken as non-carbonate carbon. The samples analyzed contained no organic carbon compounds, therefore, the non-carbonate carbon result is stated as graphite.
52 Harrison North Showing
to Separation Narrows
Fig.7 Graphite Occurrences in the Vicinity of "Trout 1 Lake scale: l : 31,680 graphite occurrences shown thus. Table 22 HARRISON GRAPHITE AREA ANALYSES Graphite U3O8 S Au Ag Pt Pd % ppm % ppm ppm ppb ppb
DAJ-GF-01 0.6 3.1 -03B 0.5 3.6 -05 2.6 -06 1.0 -07 1.4 -08 1.2 -09 2.6 -10 2.7 -11 1.1 -12 0.7 -13 2.6 1.7 -14 9.2 1.1 -15 4.8 1.7 3.9 ^ ^ 22 -16A 0.6 -16B 3.2 2.2 ^ ^ -17 1.1 -18 1.5 -21 0.4 -23 0.5 3.4 -24 2.3 3.0 -25 1.2 3.8 -26 1.3 7.9 -27 1.6 10.0 -28 0.8 3.7 -29 0.3 1.1 2 ^2 l -ci -30 1.1 -31 0.6 -32 0.5 -33A 1.0 - 33B 1.5 —— —— ~~ — —— —— ' — — -35 1.1
Sample Locations: -01...grab,200m east of loc.4,Fig.7 -03B..grab,quartzitic phase/loc.1/Fig.7 -05...composite grab,NE of Harrison South Showing,2m,Fig.7 -06... " " " " " " " 1.9m,Fig.7 -07... " " lf " " " " 4m,Fig.7 -08... " " " " " " " 0.3m,Fig.7 -09... " " " " " " " 0.6m,Fig.7 -10... " " " " " " " 1.5m,Fig.7 -11... " " lf " " " " 1.8m,Fig. 7 -12... " " fl " " " " 2m,Fig. 7 -13...select,Harrison South Showing,Fig.7 " li li n li — J.T TA . . .
—1CJ. J . . . II II II II II -16A..grab,along cliff face between loc.ls2,Fig.7 -16B..grab,sulphide-rich, " 54 Table 22 cont©d
•17.. . grab, •18.. . grab, •21. . .grab, " •23 . . .grab,loc. 3, Fig. 7 •24. . .composite grab, 1.9m ,loc.4,Fig.7 •25. . 1.9m , •26. . 4m ,loc.5,Fig.7 •27. . 3m , •28.. 1.3m, •29.. ,pyritic shear fcqv. ,0. 6x1 . 9m,loc. 6, Fig. 7 •30.. ,0.2m,loc.7,Fig.7 31.. ,1.7m,loc.8,Fig.7 •32.. ,0.8m ,loc.9,Fig.7 •33A. . " " ,l-2m ,loc.lO,Fig.7 •33B. . " " ,l-2m , •35. . .select,Harrison South Showing, Fig. 7
Table 23 HARRISON GRAPHITE AREA-TRACE ANALYSES DAJ-GF-15 DAJ-GF29 DAJ-GF-15 DAJ-GF-29 Analysis Analysis ppm ppm Co 45 65 Y 11 10/10 Cr La 27 5.8/6.2 Cu 110 175 Ce 54 14/14 Ni 190 95 Pr 6.9 1.8/1.9 Pb Nd 24 6.7/7.0 Zn 370 55 Sm 4.5 1.7/1.7 Eu 1.3 0.43/0.45 Be 2 < l Gd 3.6 1.9/2.0 Mo ^0 10 Tb 0.53 0.31/0.37 Se 8 8 Dy 2.7 2.1/2.0 Sr 140/250 70/90 Ho 0.50 0.44/0.40 V 105 80 Er 1.2 1.2/1.2 Y < 5/20 10/12 Tm 0.15 0.19/0.19 Yb 1.2 1.4/1.4 Nb ^ Lu 0.17 0.19/0.19 Rb 150 42 Th 15 0 Zr 150 80 Note: X/Y values denote two different analytical techniques
55 Table 24 HARRISON GRAPHITE AREA-WHOLE ROCK ANALYSIS
DAJ-GF-03B
SiO2 80.1 A1203 11.0 Fe2O3 0.87 FeO 0.30 MgO 0.17 CaO 0.46 Na2O 1.02 K2O 5.01 TiO2 0.32 P205 0.04 MnO 0.00 Co2 0.74 S 0.15 H20+ 0.11 H20- 0.24 LOI O . 8
Total 100.5
56 Table 25 HARRISON GRAPHITE AREA QUALITATIVE ICP-SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSES GF25 GF26 GF27 GF28 GF30 GF31 GF32 GF33A GF33B Aluminum MH MH MH MH M MH MH MH MH Arsenic ------Barium TL T T T T TL TL T T Beryllium Calcium L M L LM L L L M LM Cerium -- — -- Chromium fji rp rp rp rp rp rp T T Cobalt Copper Iron M M M M LM M M M LM Lanthanum ------Lead ------Magnesium TL L TL L L T L L L Manganese fp rp np tri — — n M rp T Molybdenum Nickel Niobium Neodymium Phosphorous T T T T T T Silver Strontium T ------T T Tantalum Tin — — —— —— —— —— —— —~ Titanium TL L L L TL T L T T Tungsten Vanadium Yttrium — — —— —— —— —— —— —-. Zinc ------. Zirconium rri rri rri rri rri rri rp T T Tot. Radio. " "
LEGEND FOR QUALITATIVE ICP-SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS H ^ 10 to i(m MH 5 to 10% M 1 to 5% LM 0 .5 to U L = 0 . 1 to Q.5% TL 0 .05 to Q.1% T 0 .01 to Q.05% = less than Q.01% (none detected) Tot. Radio. = Total radio activity expressed in equivalent % uranium oxide
57 Conclusions: Flake graphite is present in quantities of l to 1.5% over significant widths at several locations. Additional graphite occurrences should be found by additional work. Systematic sampling to determine graphite content and testing of the samples to determine the quantity and quality of each size fraction of flake is necessary to evaluate the economic potential of the occurrences. The Harrison South showing contains a significantly higher graphite content. More work is required to determine the true dimensions of the zone.Overburden is thin and a modest dozer or backhoe programme would quickly expose the bedrock. Two samples of graphite-bearing rock from the Harrison South Showing were crushed and placed in water.The graphite which floated naturally was skimmed off and analysed.One sample gave 74% C t the other 82% C. The test was primitive. It is considered reasonable to expect an SS-90% C in the graphite using a proper separation technique.Higher carbon contents may be present but suitable separation procedures on representative samples will be required to verify this possibility. A confidential airborne electromagnetic survey carried out privately shows excellent correlation with the known graphite occurences and indicates others which were not seen.Such a survey combined with ground followup would be the most cost effective means of assessing the entire area.The area to the east and northeast of "Trout 1 Lake appear to be more favourable.
58 NEPHELINE SYENITE Nepheline syenite is a term used to denote a rock consisting, principally, of feldspar and nepheline with accessory ferromagnesian minerals. Nepheline syenite is used in similar applications as feldspar. Due to its higher alkali and alumina contents and a lower fusion point/ nepheline syenite has replaced feldspar in certain portions of the glass making and ceramics industry. The prime factor is economic - the delivered cost per unit of alkali and alumina. For glass making, nepheline syenite is delivered at -30 +200 mesh containing about 23^ A12O3 and 14% alkalis. Refractory minerals (e.g. corundum) must be rare or preferably absent. Price for this grade is quoted at $23./ton for high iron and $29/ton for the low iron grades. Ceramic grades of nepheline syenite are chemically very similar to glass grades, the main difference being the material is -200 mesh. Price is about $65/ton. Filler grades are used in paints and plastics. Chemically, they are similar to other grades, however, the particle size can be 90% less than 5 micron. Prices of $90/ton are quoted for filler/extender grade nepheline syenite. Processing of nepheline syenite consists of high intensity magnetic separation to remove iron bearing minerals. The entire North American production of nepheline syenite is from Indusmin Corp. operations at Nephton near Peterborough, Ontario. Annual production is 600-700,000 tons per year. Typical analyses of nepheline syenites are given in Table 26.
59 TABLE 26 TYPICAL NEPHELINE SYENITE ANALYSES Norsk Indusmin Nefelin Indusmin Brazil
Product Designation 330, 333, North Cape A-270
Silica 59.9 60.0 55.9 60.7 79.9 Alumina 23.5 23.4 24.2 23.3 15.3 Ferrie Oxide 0.08 0.35 0.1 0.07 0.2 Calcia 0.6 0.7 1.3 0.7 0.4 Magnesia 0.1 0.1 trace 0.1 0.1 Soda 10.2 9.9 7.9 9.8 4.3 Potash 5.0 4.8 9.0 4.6 4.0 BaO -- -- 0.3 -- -- SrO -- -- 0.3 -- -- P2O5 -- -- 0.1 -- -- LOI 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.7 0.5 330. low iron/glass grade (Lefond,1983) 333. . high iron,glass grade (Lefond,1983) North Cape.. glass grade (Lefond,1983) A-270. ceramic grade (Lefond,1983) Brazil. grade unknown (Watson,Ind.Min.April 1981)
60 Property Name: Sturgeon Narrows Alkalic Complex Commodities: Nepheline Syenite/ Feldspar Location: NTS: 52J/2SE 52G/15NE Claim Maps: Squaw Lake Area Vista Lake Area G-3140 G-2701 Patricia Mining Division Access: Figure 8 shows the sample locations and geology.At present^ access is by boat from any of the access points on the North Arm of Sturgeon Lake. Sturgeon Lake can become very rough with large choppy waves when windy. Due caution and care is advised. Development access would be most easily obtained from the system of gravel logging roads a mile or two east of East Bay of Sturgeon Lake. These roads connect to Highway 599 at the Savant Lake M.O.T. yard. The logging roads are gradually being extended to the southwest closer to the sampled area. Gravel reserves are available near the south end of the present road system. No gravel and very little overburden is present in the sampled area. The intervening ground was not examined. Previous Work: Numerous descriptions of this complex have been published.The following is from Trowell et al,1979; "Trowell (1976) subdivided the rocks of the Sturgeon Narrows complex into four groups:inner and outer syenite,inner leucosyenite, and syenogabbro-syenodiorite.The following summary of petrography is largely extracted from Trowell (1976 and 1977): The inner and outer syenites are grey/coarse grained,massive,equigranular , and consist of orthoclase, microcline-microperthite, altered nepheline, pyroxene and biotite.Minor interstitial plagioclase and garnet are also present.The mafic components vary from 10 to 25 percent of the rock.The outer syenites are the same and grade into each other. The inner leucosyenite is pinkish coloured,fine to coarse grained,equigranular porphyritic and consists of orthocclase perthite interstitial to plagioclase with minor muscovite, biotite, carbonate,sphene,pyrite,magnetite and apatite. Trowell (1976),on the basis of thin section examination, classified rocks within this group as varying from syenite to monzonite. "
61 Fig.8 Northern Part of Sturgeon Narrows Alkalic Complex Showing Sample Locations scale: l : 31,680 legend (from Trowell et al.,1979) alkalic/volcanic contact...... ------outline of alkalic core...... _._._. __ rock types: 8a syenite;biotite amphibole,amphibole-pyroxene syenite with local nepheline or altered nepheline;coarse-grained equigranular/massive,locally trachytoidal 8b syenite/nepheline syenite with biotite amphibole or amphibole-biotite mafic components.medium grained equigranular/massive,locally trachytoidal 8c syenite;garnet-nepheline and nepheline-garnet syenite, fine to medium grained,massive/commonly leucocratic 8d syenite/leucocratic/nepheline bearing/medium to coarse grained,massive/locally pegmatitic 8k syenodiorite to syenogabbro,xenolithic rock type sample no. 8a 8b 8c 8d 8k 62 No record exists of any exploration having been carried out for nepheline syenite in the area. Some work was carried out for rare earths on the outer west and northwest edge of the complex. Other work in the area has been entirely for base and precious metals.(assessment files/Resident Geologist's Office, Sioux Lookout)
Description Nothing of significance can be added to descriptions already published. The legend describing the rock types on Fig.8 is satisfactory. Test Results The test results are given in table 27. Additional analyses are given in table 28. The test results indicate a significant decrease in iron content is possible with high intensity magnetic separation. Specifications for iron in most nepheline syenite products is Q.07% Fe2O3; the samples tested gave iron values both above and below this value.
Table 27 Frantz Tests - Sturgeon Narrows Nepheline Syenite DAJ-86-40 non-magnetic portion size fraction Fe A1203 Na20 K2O ppm % % % -20+60 mesh 1800 17.2 9.27 9.93 -60+200 mesh 400 18.6 6.15 5.88 DAJ-86-41 -20+60 mesh 1600 17.4 4.15 5.30 -60+200 mesh 1000 20.1 7.23 7.52 DAJ-86-45 -20+60 mesh 2100 16.9 7.39 4.96 -60+200 mesh 4200 17.2 8.30 4.92 DAJ-86-40:composite grab,loc.4,Fig.8 DAJ-86-41: " " " 10, " DAJ-86-45: " " "9, "
63 Table 28 STURGEON NARROWS - ROCK ANALYSIS Sample DAJ-NF-9A %
S1O2 64.5 A1203 19.8 Fe2O3 0.90 FeO 0.81 MgO 0.18 CaO 0.70 Na2O 7.23 K2O 4.40 TiO2 0.25 P2Os 0.02 MnO 0.03 C02 0.22 S 0.02 H2O+ 0.15 H2O- 0.00 LOI O.6 Total 99.2 Ba (ppm) 260 Sr (ppm) 220
Conclusions: The test results indicate a product generally too low in A12O3,Na2O and K2O to be directly compared to present nepheline syenite specifications. The analyses indicate a product with a composition between that of nepheline syenite and a mixture of potassium and sodium feldspar.The iron content was reduced significantly using the Frantz. The iron content of the +60 mesh compared to the -60 mesh is considered to be more an indication of the limitations of the Frantz than a true reflection of the quality of the nepheline syenite. The limited sampling to date indicates the area of interest to cover about 300 ha. A much more intensive and extensive sampling and testing programme would be required to fully assess the possible end uses for the potential products. Such a programme is considered justified based on the test results and the potential tonnage in the area(see Fig.8). Development Considerations The area sampled and tested is well located for mining and tailings disposal purposes. The proximity to Sturgeon Lake should not interfere with normal operations. The present road into the area would require upgrading and widening. Sand and gravel are locally available. Widening or replacement of bridges would be the major cost for road access. Power lines are present at Mattabi Mines 20 km to the southwest. 64 Property Name: Squaw Lake Alkalic Complex Commodities: Feldspar, Nepheline Syenite Location: NTS: 52J/2SE Claim Map: Squaw Lake, G-3140,Patricia Min.Div. Access: Figure 9 shows the sample locations. The most convenient access is via boat from the boat launch at the outlet of Vista Lake. Two short sets of rapids can be navigated by guiding the boat with ropes from the shore. During periods of low water the boat could be taken down the rapids empty and gear carried down the portage beside the rapids to the lake. The portage is about 150m long. Development access could be obtained via the north side of Squaw Lake from the present gravel road. Tree cover is sparse due to logging and forest fire burn areas,and ample gravel is available from the esker adjacent to the present road. Previous Work Several previous descriptions of the Squaw Lake Alkalic Complex have been published. The following description is from Trowell et al.,1979; 11 The rocks of the Squaw Lake intrusion have been subdivided by Trowell (1977) into two broad groupings.These groupings are coarse-grained to pegmatitic alkalic phases of syenite and monzonite in the north half of the intrusion and medium- grained, equigranular and quartz-bearing syenite, syeno- monzonites,and monzonite of the south half. "
Previous Work No record of any exploration work in the area for nepheline syenite is known.
Description Previous descriptions of the geology can not be improved. The legend describing the rock types on Fig.9 is satisfactory.
65 /7 50*04'
Fig.9 Northern Part of Squaw Lake Alkalic Complex Showing Sample Locations scale: l : 31,680 legend (from Trowell et al.,1979) alkalic/volcanic contact.....— — — -- rock types: 9a syenite,alkali feldspar/minor mafics and foids,medium to coarse grained/locally trachytoidal 9b syenite,generally foid,with or without nepheline, cancrinite,sodalite,and/or zeolites(natrolite or stilbite bearing).Five to 15 percent mafics:chlorite, hornblende,pyroxene,biotite.fine to coarse grained locally trachytoidal. 9h pegmatoid syenite,perthite pegmatite,biotite-perthite pegmatite,biotite-magnetite-perthite pegmatite 9j dikes and sills of syenite composition rock type sample no. 9abj 2 9ba 4 9b 1,3,5,7,8,9,10,11 9bh 6
66 Test Results The test results are given in table 29.
Table 29 DAJ-86-55 Frantz Tests - Squaw Lake Nepheline Syenite non-magnetic portion size fraction Fe A1203 Na20 K2O ppm % % % -20+60 mesh 2600 16.8 6.25 6.31 -60+200 mesh 1200 17.5 6.69 5.88 DAJ-86-57 -20+60 mesh 2600 23.1 13.3 2.94 -60+200 mesh 800 21.9 15.9 5.11 DAJ-86-55:composite grab,loc.6,Fig.9 DAJ-86-57: " " " 8, "
Conclusions The test results indicate a product too high in iron and too low in A12O3 and Na2O to be directly compared to present nepheline syenite specifications. More extensive and intensive sampling and testing would be required to assess the potential of this alkalic complex.
Development Considerations The area of potential interest is under and adjacent to the north end of Squaw Lake (about 300 ha). The land at the north end of the lake is relatively flat and low-lying (avg. 10m above lake level). A water diversion project may be required to allow for development. The mechanics of this would not appear be overly difficult. Major concern could be experienced with other aspects of such a diversion.
67 SOAPSTONE AND TALC Soapstone as used in this report refers to all massive talcose rocks, characteristically soft with a slippery feel. Common impurities may include chlorite, amphibole, mica and carbonates. Massive talc-rich rock is called steatite. Soapstone has unique properties which have been utilized to advantage in the past and are being rediscovered. Carving of soapstone is a well-known use as typified by ~native carving 1 . Sawing and shaping of blocks for construction and decorative purposes was previously more common. Retail prices for good soapstone for carving in Edmonton are in the order of $1.50 to 52.00 per pound (J.Godfrey,pers.comm.1987). The high heat capacity of soapstone was used by the early settlers*of the area. Heated soapstone bricks were used as ~warming stones' in sleighs, mitts and beds. The same property made the stone useful for oven linings, stone griddles and other domestic uses. The acid-resistant nature of soapstone (carbonate free) made it useful for laboratory table tops and other related applications. The heat and acid resistant properties were the reason soapstone was used to line kraft mill furnaces. This use is now obsolete due to changes in equipment, materials and technology. Talc is widely used in paper (less than 5 micron), paint (25% of US consumption), plastics, cosmetics (very high purity, 5-10 micron), insecticides, roofing, rubber, textiles and ceramics. No economic substitutes for talc in cosmetics, ceramics and plastics are available. Impurities with the talc may create a pale green or grey colour. In cosmetics, absolute whiteness is a major criteria. Generally, the brighter and whiter the product, the larger the potential market and higher the value. Talc mining and processing require good housekeeping to protect the whiteness and brightness of the product. Conventional grinding (steel balls in steel mills) may also discolour the final product. Flotation is the standard technique for recovering of talc. High intensity magnetic separation may be used to reduce the iron content of talc concentrate. Prices vary considerably with purity and mesh size; US SSO/ton for 98!* -200 mesh to US |2287ton for 99.99% -325 mesh. Cosmetic grade talc is of higher value. Some typical analyses of talc are given in Tables 30,31 and 32.
68 Table 30 TYPICAL CHEMICAL ANALYSES OF TALC ORES 6 PRODUCTS (from Lefond,1983) Pure Talc (Theoretical) 1234 5 ( Si02 63.36 35. 98 59. 15 47.92 62. 65 59 .80 54.92 MgO 31.89 32. 95 31. 34 26.00 30. 23 27 .45 27.20 Fe203 -- 0. 65 3. 36 6.82 1. 51 0 .05 0.46 Ti02 -- 0. 02 - - 0.15 ------A1203 -- 0. 43 0. 26 7.35 0. 31 0 .57 -- CaO -- 0. 00 0. 15 4.14 trace 6 .80 5.76 K20 -- 0. 00 - - 0.00 0. 05 -- -- Na20 -- 0. 00 - - 0.00 0. 15 -- -- C02 -- 20. 45 1. 76 — 0. 27 1 .18 -- H2 4.75 2. 73 4. 30 0.05 4. 87 -- -- MnO -- 0. 41 - - 0.00 ------S -- 0. 06 - - 0.09 - - (S03) 0.07 -- NiO -- 0. 21 ------Cr2O3 -- 0. 18 ------CoO -- 0. 01 •- — — -- -- FeO -- 5. 96 ------0.15 -- Less 0 for S - - 0 .05 ------P203 -- 0. 01 - - 0.00 ------LO I ------7.51 - - 4 .75 10.76 100.00 100. 10 100 .32 100.03 100 .04 101 .21 99.10 Source: 1-5 Chidster,1964 ; 6/Pence,1955. 1. average Vermont carbonate ore 2. flotation talc,Johnson Mine/Vermont 3. roofing granules,Cohutta Talc Co.,Georgia 4. steatite,Yellowstone Mine,Montana 5. average talc ore,Talcville,Gouverneur District,New York 6. Texas talc
69 Table 31 CHEMICAL ANALYSES OF SOME COMMERCIAL TALCS (from Hewitt,1972)
Sample 1 2 3 4 5 6 Constituent SiO2 45.04 48.72 29.38 17.10 59.80 59.61 MgO 30.16 29.95 26.07 22.94 27.45 30.01 CaO 8.75 8.01 18.12 25.57 6.80 0.84 F62O3+A1203 0.96 1.34 1.26 1.14 0.77 2.57 Ignition loss 15.17 11.93 25.35 33.31 4.75 5.94
1. Cantal F B Talc, Canada Talc Industries Limited 2. Cantal D Talc, Canada Talc Industries Limite 3. Canfil 325 Talc, Canada Talc Industries Limited 4. Talfil 325 Talc, Canada Talc Industries Limited 5. Talc from Gouverneur area, New York; Engel and Wright (1960, p.835) . 6. Steatite-grade talc, Inyo County, California; Engel and Wright (1960, p.835) .
Table 32 WESTSIDE PREMIUM GRADE TALC (FREE FROM AMPHIBOLE MINERALS) Si02 62. 5* S.G. 2.79 MgO 31.2 Insol. 98% CaO 0.24 Mn FeO 0.51 Pb Fe2O3 0.16 Cu A12O3 0.25 Co Ti02 0.02 As Na20 0.4 pH 9.4 K20 0.2 LOI 4.82 source:Robbins,Ind.Min.Sept.1985
f' - "' O * b Property Name: Eagle Lake Soapstone Quarry Commodity: Soapstone Location: Southwest part of Eagle Lake NTS: 52F/11NW Claim Map: Garnet Bay Area M1729, Kenora Min.Div. Access: The deposit can only be reached by boat. The shortest distance is from an access point in Garnet Bay, 5 km. north and slightly east east of the deposit. This access point is about 16 km via good gravel road south and west of Highway 594 at Eagle River Post Office. Launching sites are available at numerous tourist camps along the north shore of Eagle Lake. Development access would involve water transport. The closest road is 7 km. south of the deposit. The intervening area is swamp and rock. Road building costs are considered to be prohibitive. Within a few hundred feet east of the access point in Garnet Bay, is a rock ledge which drops sharply into the lake. This location could perhaps be developed as a landing to off-road production from the quarry. A similar loading site at the quarry could be inexpensively developed. Alternate access points may be more advantageous (e.g. at Vermilion Bay) depending on the scope of the operation.
Previous Work: This property has been described many times previously. Past work is best summarized by Spence,1940 as follows: "A band of soapstone, reported to be about 100 feet wide, occurs enclosed in talc-chlorite schist on the southwest shore of Eagle Lake. The location is 21 miles distant by water from either Eagle River or Vermilion Bay station on the main line of the Canadian Pacific Railway, to which water shipment can be made. In 1924, the Grace Mining Company commenced development of the deposit, erected a camp, and installed a large sawing plant. Work was continued for a few years, and several carloads of cut furnace stone were shipped to nearby pulp mills at Dryden and Fort Frances, Ontario. The stone is stated to have proved satisfactory for such use, but possibly for lack of a sufficient market, work was discontinued about 1927-1928 and has not been resumed." Since the above was written no additional noteworthy work has been carried out. The present study was aimed specifically at determining potential reserves of soapstone and to collect samples to test for various end uses.
71 Fig.10 Location Map Eagle Lake Soapstone Deposit scale: l : 100 000
soapstone deposit
Except at the quarry site and- on the shore directly east of the quarry exposures of soapstone are absent. To the north of the soapstone is a southwest trending ridge of felsic volcanics. Near the shore these felsics are in contact with a talcose schist. Further southwesterly talcose schist in contact with felsic volcanics was noted at distances of 160 and 325m from the quarry. At 325m from the quarry the talcose schist was about 6m wide. In contact on the south was a mafic volcanic about 15m wide followed by several feet of talcose material. Further south all rock is overburden covered to the lake shore.(see Fig.11)
72 Fig.11 Vicinity of Eagle Lake N Soapstone Quarry- ^^frl scale: l : 10 000
(adapted from Storey/1986a)
Granitoid rocks ——Felsic metavolcanics l M l Mafic metavolcanics x *1 Talcose Schist outcrops .5 km
Between the concrete footings for the old plant site is an outcrop of (andesitic?) volcanics. No talcose material was present in the outcrop. Further to the southeast on the point the rocks are felsic volcanics with minor mafic layers. From the andesite outcrop to the talcose schist to the north is about 30m measured perpendicular to strike. This distance represents the maximum width of soapstone that could be present. The talcose schist which appears to mark the north contact of the soapstone has been followed along strike southwesterly for 350m. Overburden estimated at 0.3-1.5m thick covers the soapstone southwesterly from the old quarry. The ground surface is flat over the assumed strike of the soapstone. To the south the ground slopes down to Eagle Lake. Many soapstone blocks/ trimmings and scraps are piled near the shore of Eagle Lake. Some have fallen into the lake. The soapstone blocks represent waste and therefore are not diagnostic of the average quality of block produced.
73 Many of the blocks show carbonate veining. The carbonate weathers light brown (likely due to iron carbonate) and may contain sulphides. The veins are up to 8-10 cm wide and are associated with coarse, pale green talc which is developed parallel to the veins. In the outcrop on the shore similar veins strike at about right angles to the soapstone and dip vertically. Slips are evident in some blocks. These take the form of dark green planes in the rock. Thicknesses are about a millimeter. Most slips are mechanically strong - the rock often breaking across slips. Slips have been observed with frequencies up to 2 per 5 cm. The soapstone itself is dull grey on fresh surfaces and black with light grey flecks on wet surfaces. Crystals of magnetite? occur in several soapstone samples. The distribution of magnetite is unknown. No record of any diamond drilling on the property is available. The deposit extends under Eagle Lake to the northeast of the quarry for an unknown distance. The water level in the old quarry is about one foot higher than lake level. The impervious nature of the rock suggests that deeper quarrying would not encounter significant inflows of water from Eagle Lake. Test Results Test results are shown in tables 33, 34 and 35. Qualitative tests were carried out to investigate the possibilities of using the soapstone for its thermal properties. The first test involved the use of 3-8 cm pieces of soapstone to replace ~lava rock 1 used in propane barbeques. The soapstone reportedly appeared to retain the heat more effectively resulting in temperatures of 400 degrees compared to 350 degrees with the lava rock (D. A. Janes pers comm. 1986). The test was conducted out of doors under ^breezy 1 conditions. Other similar tests confirmed these conclusions. A somewhat similar test was conducted using pieces approx. 3x8x10 to 5x10x15 cm in an electric sauna.The soapstone retained heat more effectively. No spalling or cracking of the soapstone was noted (T.Redden,pers.comm.1987).
Another qualitative test was carried out to evaluate the longer term mechanical and chemical properties of the soapstone. This test was carried out by placing 2.5 cm slabs of soapstone on the top of a wood stove built of steel plate. The stove was operated off and on, over a period of four months. No visible change was noted in any of the samples with the exception of a slight red colour developing on the surface of sample N-3.The colour could be removed by wiping with a damp cloth.The colour is due to the oxidation of iron within the rock. A third test involved the carving and shaping of small soapstone blocks to evaluate the potential for such applications. In addition to the use as an artistic medium, such data is useful in evaluating other possible uses where shaping and working of the soapstone would be done (e.g. souvenir items, trivets, plaques, etc.).Results based on the experience of Brian Clark of Edmonton, Alberta are as follows:
11 1.The soapstone is harder than any other soapstone carved thus far.It takes much more time during the carving stage.Over 15 hours were taken in the initial carving and polishing.An additional 4 hours were used for oiling and finishing. 2.The rock is too hard for normal soapstone tools/i.e. rasp,files.Carbide shaping tools with an electric drill were found to be most effective. 3.The texture is similar to typical soapstone materials.The soapstone holds together well, the texture is fairly massive and therefore the stone does not exhibit a significant metamorphic foliation.This feature of lack of schistosity is very important for sculptors.The dust is dark compared to the commonly white-grey dust of soapstone. 4.The rock has a fairly uniform physical quality;it has a few very local hard spots.No pyrite or other metallic minerals were noted. 5.The soapstone is a dense rock and doesn't undercut (spall) upon working,which is typical of most other soapstones.From this aspect the soapstone is of superior quality. 6.The soapstone polishes quickly;wet 240 and 400 sandpaper was used. 7.Overall the soapstone is nice and satisfying to work with allowing a fair amount of detail to be incorporated into a carving.From several points of view,the soapstone appears to be superior to many other soapstones presently available to sculptors.lt has an attractive dark appearance (similar to Brazilian soapstone) when finished with oil and wax."
Note:These comments refer specifically to Eagle Lake soapstone. Table 33 Analyses of Eagle Lake soapstone DAJ-EL-3 Spence 1940 Si02 40.3 43.2 A1203 5.94 6.74 Fe2O3 4.15 3.51 FeO 8.15 7.95 MgO 27.2 27.64 CaO 2.71 1.30 Na20 0.00 K20 0.01 T102 0.38 P205 0.07 MnO 0.07 C02 4.19 1.95 S 0.06 H2O+ 6.19 7.80 H2O- O Total 99.4 100.00 LOI 10.0 DAJ-EL-3:select grab
76 Table 34 Thermal Tests on Soapstone (a) 500 degrees C Sample No % Weight Loss Field Sample No DAJ-86-39A 0.49 D-l 40A 0.57 D-2 41A 0.11 EL 42A 0.05 ML 43A 0.20 N-2 44A 0.64 N-3 45A 4.59 S-l 46A 2.77 S-2 47A 0.34 S-3
(b) 1050 degrees C (notes 1,3,5/6) DAJ-86-39B 11.43 D-l 40B 12.36 D-2 41B 10.97 EL 42B 8.80 ML 43B 5.13 N-2 44B 8.63 N-3 45B 15.39 S-l 46B 15.31 S-2 47B 4.91 S-3
Notes: 1.block size approx. 2.5 x 5 x 5 cm 2.blocks heated at 500 degrees C for 3 hours 3.blocks hested to 800 degrees C then raised to 1050 degrees over 2 hours/maintained at 1050 degrees for 2 hours then left for 13 hours at 800 degrees 4.colour changed from initial dull green to dull grey 5.colour changed from initial dull green to a combination of light brown and dull orangel red 6.hairline shrinkage cracks with random orientations appeared in most samples, no spalling or disintegration, no visible changes in dimensions
Conclusions: Soapstone has been successfully used as a substitute for "lava rock 1 in propane barbeques. With the wide use of this type of barbeques a substantial market for this improvement on lava rock is evident. With lava rock retailing for SO.SO/pound a profitable market could likely be developed for this product. A possible additional use would be the use of thin soapstone slabs to line the base and sides of the barbeque for even greater heat retention and fuel savings.
77 The use of soapstone as a replacement for ~ lava 'rock would require some preparation of the material.Pieces of lava rock average about 4.5 x4 x 3.3 cm with a maximum size of 7.5 x4.4 x 3.8 cm and a minimum size of 3.8 x 3.8 x 1.9 cm (based on 10 random pieces measured).Crushing soapstone to about -7cm and screening out the -2cm fines would provide the size range. Consumer acceptance of the smooth soapstone surface compared to the "cindery* appearance of the lava rock would require market testing. The carving and shaping of soapstone produces a high ~added value 1 to the sale of soapstone compared with the value of a raw block. Opinions vary as to the specific merits of this soapstone compared to other sources. Personal experience indicates the soapstone to be easily worked and shaped with simple, inexpensive tools (files, 3/8" electric drill for bits and grinding heads, chisels, pen knife, sandpaper, etc.) Samples which contain magnetite are more difficult to work due to the hardness of the grains. Carbonate is also somewhat harder than the soapstone and presents more difficulty. The white carbonate makes a pronounced contrast to the dark soapstone. Effective combining of the two colours could add distinctiveness to items produced. The characteristics of soapstone (softness and lack of grain) make sawing and working comparatively inexpensive. A masonary blade in a portable electric saw cut soapstone at a rate comparable to similar equipment cutting hardwood. A woodworking handsaw was also quite effective for sawing soapstone. Soapstone was quite effective for prolonging the heat retention of a woodstove. Slabs on the stove were not degraded by the heat. Tests for heat effects carried out by the Geoscience Laboratory in Toronto are summarized in Table 34. The tests indicate only very minor deterioration at the highest temperature in the controlled tests. Although these tests were carried out on small blocks, the results should be applicable to larger pieces. The use of soapstone in woodstoves is a potentially large market given the greater reliance on wood as a fuel. Soapstone can be used as a functional or decorative material on the exterior of stoves, as a liner for woodstoves and as a substitute or replacement for firebrick. It could also be used for griddles, hearth stones, fireproof panels and other assorted woodstove and fireplace items. No test work to investigate soapstone as a source of talc was carried out. Analyses and thin section work in this and previous studies do not give conclusive evidence of the quality of talc that could be produced. Before extensive testwork is conducted, it would be necessary to increase the potential reserves. The present known reserves are considered inadequate to support a viable talc operation.
78 Development Considerations The major consideration is the proximity of soapstone to Eagle Lake. The closest road is 5 km. north of the soapstone across Eagle Lake. The next closest road is 7-8 km. south of the soapstone. Unless significant expansion of reserves and a major operation is instituted, water transport will likely be the only feasible means to move the material. A dock site adjacent to the old quarry would be easy to construct using waste soapstone blocks available on the lake shore. An unloading dock located on Garnet Bay a few hundred feet east of the present landing could be built. At this location, a rock ledge outcrops on the shore. The top of this ledge is a few feet above lake level. Levelling of the dirt on top of the ledge would create a loading, unloading, storage and parking area adjacent to the present road. Numerous docks connected to the road system are located along Eagle Lake. The problems would be to locate one with suitable loading and storage facilities which could handle the loads involved. An alternative would be to move all production in the winter over an ice road. Due to the weights involved, large haulage trucks would be necessary. Insurance costs and the inherent hazards may make this less cost effective. For water transport, a barge would be necessary to transport blocks. Small pieces could be handled in an outboard motor boat, but the unit cost would be high. Few barges are available in Northwest Ontario. One barge, capable of handling 20-25 tons rents for |75.00Xhour for short terms with much lower rates for longer periods (B. Smith pers. comm.). Mobilization to relocate the barge on Eagle Lake would be extra. Due to logistics, it is unlikely that any phase except quarrying would be done at the quarry site. In addition to cutting the blocks, provision must be made for moving and stacking the blocks. A fork lift or small loader would be adequate. Such a fork life could also be used to load blocks on the barge and to off-load onto the mainland. A finishing plant could be built at the most suitable location probably in or near one of the nearby communities. A specific study to select the best site would be required. The plant should be set up to facilitate efficient operation for the production of whatever products are to be made at start up plus those proposed for the future. Major consideration must be given to what steps will be done dry and which will be wet. Any cutting, grinding or other operations carried out dry would require installation of a dust collection system. Property Name: Wabigoon Resources Commodity: Soapstone Location: Patented lot HW 133 on peninsula on west side of Barritt Bay of Wabigoon Lake, 1.5 km west of Wabigoon on Highway 17. NTS:52 F/10 NE Claim Map:Zealand Twp. M-2061, Kenora Min.Div. Access: The most convenient access is via boat. The deposit has been stripped in an area approximately 150m west of the shore of Barritt Bay.(Fig.12) Development access would require construction of a road/ a distance of 1.5-3 km from present public roads. Sand and gravel is available locally some of which is privately owned. Previous Work: The earliest reported work was in the 1920's when several pits were dug and samples of the soapstone removed. The property remained inactive until 1983 when Wabigoon Resources Ltd. carried out stripping and blasting. Three rotary holes were drilled to provide samples for flotation tests. Description: The description by Wright {in Wilson,1926 } is a summary of the geology: "The long axis of this intrusive mass is northwest — southeast,and the known length is approximately 2,000 feet. The dip, as nearly as can be determined, is vertical.The following rock-types are exposed along a section at right angles to the strike and crossing the soapstone outcrop from the northeast: 0-150 feet. Slightly schistose/medium-grained,light grey, syenitic rock 150-225 " Massive,slightly porphyritic,medium-grained, dark grey,dioritic rock 225-275 " Massive/coarse-grained/light green,gabbroic rock 275-310 " Massive,dark greenish grey soapstone exposed about 400 feet along the strike 310-410 " Massive/medium to coarse-grained/light grey, syenitic rock 410-485 " Mixed soapstone and gabbroic rock/with soapstone predominating,exposed about 300 feet along the strike." The ^syenite 1 is actually an altered gabbro. Wabigoon Resources reports a third talcose zone occurring between the north and south zones(Barnes,1984).
80 gabbro concretions
Fig.12 Sample Sites in the Vicinity of Wabigoon Resources Property scale: l : 31,680 samples D-l,D-2,North Zone and South Zone are of talcose rocks referred to in the section on Wabigoon Resources samples D-3 and D-4 are of gabbro referred to in the section on decorative stone
The original soapstone showings have been stripped by Wabigoon Resources over an area 130xl75m. Several pits were blasted into the two main soapstone bands. Both the north and south bands contain several distinct soapstone types. The most obvious type is a grey amorphous soapstone containing disseminated carbonate rhombs l-4mm in diameter. The weathered carbonate on surface gives a speckled appearance to the rock which is distinctive and characteristic. The second variety is a mottled medium-to-dark green to black soapstone without carbonate crystals. Both varieties are distinctly talcose to the touch. About 250m northwest of the stripped area an outcrop of soapstone was found on the shore of Wabigoon Lake. This location was shown on Wright"s (in Wilson,1926) map of the area, however, no other reference is found in the literature. Massive soapstone containing carbonate crystals and veinlets forms the south headland of a small bay. The soapstone is massive with occasional carbonate rhombs and carbonate veinlets. Assuming the soapstone has the same trend as the north and south zones, the width of the shore exposure is 30-50m wide. The outcrop area is very narrow between the lake and the thick vegetation on the land. The north contact of the soapstone is not exposed. This occurrence may be a separate zone from the North and South Zones previously described.
Test Results: Test results are given in Tables 34,35,and 36. The flotation tests carried out by Wabigoon Resources produced a talc concentrate with a greenish colour due to chlorite(Barnes,1984) .
Table 35 Wabigoon Resources-soapstone analyses l 2
Silica 41.94 51.44 37.10 Ferrous oxide 7.71 7.24 6.58 Ferrie oxide 2.05 3.68 4.57 Alumina 7.57 4.79 4.53 Lime 3.42 none 4.20 Magnesia 25.39 26.43 27.37 Carbon dioxide 5.09 0.11 10.45 Water above 105 degrees centigrade 6.71 6.56 5.46 Total 99.88 100.25 100.26 1. Wabigoon stone, representative of material of northern body. ^ 2. Wabigoon stone, 18" band of soapstone bordering northern body. 3. Virginia Alberene stone. (from Spence,1922)
82 Table 36 Wabigoon Resources Area - soapstone analyses DAJ DAJ DAJ DAJ DAJ DAJ DAJ DAJ 87-58 87-59 87-60 87-61 87-62 87-63 87-64 87-65 Si02 40 .4 31 .9 48 .2 49.1 43.6 34. 4 35.2 45.8 A1203 4 .82 6 .74 5 .43 4.97 6.38 3. 92 3.97 7.18 Fe203 3 .58 3 .43 1 .52 1.76 1.80 5. 83 5.47 2.00 FeO 7 .31 7 .63 8 .26 8.50 9.61 6. 99 7.23 9.85 MgO 26 .1 28 .4 24 .0 24.8 25.7 29. 3 28.7 25.3 CaO 4 .02 3 .32 6 .77 4.46 2.23 1. 27 1.70 1.51 Na20 0 .00 0 .10 0 .00 0.00 0.00 0. 08 0.03 0.00 K2O 0 .00 0 .00 0 .00 0.00 0.00 0. 00 0.00 0.00 TiO2 0 .13 0 .27 0 .17 0.27 0.16 0. 13 0.15 0.13 P2O5 0 .00 0 .02 0 .02 0.03 0.01 0. 01 0.01 0.01 MnO 0 .15 0 .21 0 .18 0.12 0.14 0. 17 0.16 0.09 C02 5 .68 10 .3 0 .20 0.07 2.95 11. 7 10.9 0.14 S 0 .01 0 .01 0 .01 0.01 0.01 0. 01 0.01 0.01 H2O+ 6 .89 6 .89 5 .31 5.39 7.12 5. 30 5.21 7.39 H20- 0 .05 0 .07 0 .14 0.06 0.10 0. 04 0.04 0.13 Total 99.2 99.3 100.2 99.5 99.8 99.2 98.8 99.6 LOI 11.7 16.6 5.0 4.8 9.1 16.4 15.6 6.5 Insol, 78.3 69.7 91.5 93.0 84.8 70.0 71.4 88.8 DAJ-87-58:field no. D-l DAJ-87-59: D-2 DAJ-87-60: N-l DAJ-87-61: N-2 DAJ-87-62: N-3 DAJ-87-63: S-l DAJ-87-64 S-2 DAJ-87-65 S-3
Other tests reported (Spence,1922) include the following: " Crushing Strength Tests were made on three samples, 2-inch cubes being used. The results showed:-- 1) 12,140 pounds per square inch 2) 10,269 3) 10,755 Transverse Strength Tests were made on two samples, the test pieces measuring approximately one inch thick and two inches wide. The supports were four inches apart. These tests gave the modulus of rupture as:— 1) 1,827 pounds per square inch 2) 1,920 83 Corrosion Test A sample of the stone that had been exposed to ordinary room temperature for three months was weighed and then dried for two weeks at 105 degrees Centigrade. On re-weighing, there was no loss in weight, indicating no absorbed moisture. The sample was then immersed in concentrated hydrochloric acid and boiled for 48 hours. After thorough washing, by boiling in water for several days, the sample was dried at 105 degrees Centigrade and weighed. The loss in weight was found to be 9.74 percent. On immersion in the acid bath, a few small bubbles of gas were given off, indicating the presence of a carbonate. The sample after treatment showed only slight local pitting. A sample of Alberene stone, subjected to the same treatment/ effervesced freely when placed in the acid, and exhibited extensive pitting. The loss in weight in this case was IV.95%, or almost twice that of the Wabigoon stone.
Absorption Test A sample of the stone was dried at 70 degrees Centigrade for 24 hours, weighed and immersed in cold, distilled water for three days. After air-drying for a short time, the sample was weighed, and found to have gained only 0.12 per cent -- a negligible amount.
Fusion Test Two samples were tested for their fusion temperature, which was determined in both cases as 1400 degrees Centigrade. A sample of Alberene stone, tested at the same time, went down at 1350 degrees Centigrade. It should be noted that all of the above tests on Wabigoon stone were perforce conducted on material taken from within a few inches of the surface of the deposit. This material, as shown by the broken test pieces, is traversed by numerous flaws and cracks showing rusty surfaces, and is likely to be considerably inferior in all respects to fresh, unweathered stone." X-ray examination of two carbonate-rich samples identified magnesite (MgCO3) as the only carbonate present.The two samples were collected at random,one from the north zone and one from the south.Some carbonate in the deposit weathers orange/red indicating some ferroan carbonate is present,at least locally. Talc and serpentine accompany the magnesite in the two samples examined. *
84 Conclusions: The test results indicate a soapstone deposit of commercial quality is present. The material is softer than Eagle Lake soapstone but is suitable for carving (B.Clark,pers.comm.,1987). Insufficient data is available to evaluate the potential of the property to produce a commercial talc concentrate. No details of the testing done are available. Further work would be required to determine the extent and quality of the soapstone. The shoreline exposure adds substantially to the potential of the property. The location of the property would facilitate development. The significance of the magnesite is unknown.Additional data is required to evaluate its potential uses and value. Development Considerations: The property location is conveniently located near power/ roads and a labour supply. Mining or quarry activities would initially be by open pit with conversion to underground mining if warranted. A processing plant could be built adjacent to the quarry site on land already owned by Wabigoon Resources. A -soapstone quarry at this location could be developed to take advantage of the extensive summer tourist traffic through the area. A gift shop selling soapstone items could be combined with quarry and plant tours to promote the marketing of the soapstone. The first step would be to fully expose the soapstone. Trenches cut across the soapstone bands would permit systematic sampling and classification of the varieties and sub-varieties present, such a classification would permit optimum utilization of all varieties present.No explosives should be used. This will maintain the integrity of the soapstone.
85 Property Name: Mile Lake #2 Commodity: Soapstone Location: north shore of Mile Lake, south of Dryden NTS:52 F/10 NW Claim Map: Contact Bay Area, G-257 9 /Kenora Min.Div. Access : The most convenient means of access is by boat. Mile Lake is connected to Wabigoon Lake by a flooded creek which is easily navigable by outboard motor boats. The showing is on the shore line. Development access would either be by barge or an access road from Highway 502 following the higher ground south of Contact Bay of Wabigoon Lake.
Previous Work: This and several nearby soapstone occurrences have been described numerous times in the past. A few blasted plugger holes for copper-nickel exploration are the only evidence of exploration on the Mile Lake #2 occurrence. (Fig. 13 )
K \Dryden Fig.13 A 6 km -s* Wabig Soapstone Occurrences in the Mile Lake-Trap Lake Area scale: l : 100 000 legend limit of mafics.. --- known occurrence. X
86 Description: The showing on the north shore of Mile Lake has been described by several authors (see Storey,1986a). All the descriptions in the past did not mention dimensions for this occurrence. It was visited specifically to determine this important aspect of any description. A 0.5-2m width of outcrop is present along the shore. Clay overburden prevents any determination of the strike and thus the width of the soapstone. Soapstone on the shoreline is mottled grey and black. Minor disseminated carbonate and a few carbonate stringers are present. Test Results: The test data is given in Tables 34 and 37. Table 37 Analysis of Mile Lake #2 Soapstone
DAJ-87-66 Si02 38.8 A12O3 5.78 Fe2O3 3.90 FeO 9.61 MgO 25.0 CaO 4.80 Na2O 0.00 K20 0.00 Ti02 0.35 P2O5 0.06 MnO 0.10 C02 3.49 S 0.15 H20+ 6.25 H2O- 0.06 Total 98.3 LOI 9.3 Insol. 81.2 DAJ-87-66:grab of "typical 1 material
87 Conclusions: The material is suitable for carving though somewhat softer than Eagle Lake soapstone (B.Clark,pers.comm.,1987). Stripping is necessary to determine the dimensions of the soapstone occurrences prior to extensive test work. The known soapstone occurrences in the Mile-Trap Lake area suggest the possibility of several significant deposits being present. A substantial stripping programme in the area would be required to substantiate this theory.
The proximity of the soapstone to Mile and Trap Lakes are deterents to exploration and development (see Fig.13). Exploration effort west of the lake system would, if successful, allow direct road access to Highway 502 without bridging. Development east of the lake system would require barging or a bridge. A bridge would be a major expense.
88 STONE Building stone: The use of natural stone appears to be on the increase.The major markets: monuments, building facings and tiles require large sound blocks of stone. Evaluation of stone deposits is both a science and an art. The art aspect is the colour, pattern and texture of the stone which are aesthetic values not subject to quantitative measurement. Such factors are best judged by experienced people involved in the stone trade. Sound blocks (those free from flaws) are required by major segments of the market. This requires thorough, detailed mapping to identify joints, fractures and patterns. Large diameter core drilling is used to verify joint patterns at depth. Two sets of drill holes at right angles to each other will define maximum block size. Extreme care is required in drilling to provide core which is only broken along natural weaknesses in the rock. Generally, ten- to-twenty ton rectangular blocks are preferred. This translates to 1.3x1.3x2.6m blocks, or larger. Other factors, such as deposit geometry, location, access, labour supply, etc., are considered in a like manner to other mineral deposits. Sample specimens of the stone should be cut and polished for submission to prospective buyers and for physical testing. Prices vary considerably for stone. A pink granite may range from |3-6Xcu.ft. Transportation costs would be added to the above prices to arrive at a delivered price. A thorough study of delivery modes, and their costs, would be required to obtain the lowest rate. Decorative Stone: Deposits which do not contain a sufficient number of large blocks to be considered as a building stone quarry may still be of value for decorative stone. Items, such as fireplace mantles, sills, trim and tiles, can be made from smaller blocks than required for producing building facings. Blocks must still be sound for sawing and polishing purposes. The other major criteria is the aesthetic value attached to the colour, pattern and texture of the stone. Uniqueness and rarity could be emphasized for some decorative stone. Marketing would be a major component of any decorative stone project. The market must first be defined. In addition to size and location of that market, colours and textures in demand must be determined. Changes in fashion will occur and must be anticipated in planning a decorative stone operation. No prices can be given due to the nature of the product. It can be reasonably expected that the value per cubic foot would be higher than for average building stone. Flagstone could also be classified as a decorative stone. 89 Aggregate: Crushed stone, particularly those with a unique colour or texture should also be considered as potential revenue producers. Crushed white quartz for decorative use is in demand (C. Storey pers.comm.1986). White carbonate materials, presently used, tend to weather to a yellow shade, whereas, the quartz maintains its white colour indefinitely. Stone for these applications must be free of sulphides and other components which are affected by weathering. Several rocks were crushed to determine their appearance as aggregate. The material from the Highway 17, Basket Lake Road Building Stone Deposit, produced an aggregate with a speckled appearance. Waste from any quarry operation could be crushed and sold for driveways, walkways, border trim, etc. This use would generate additional revenue while eliminating the need to store the waste at the quarry site. Other possible uses for aggregate include pebble dash for exterior and interior use, casting in plastics or epoxies to produce slabs for table tops, terrazo floors, counter tops, etc., or casting into shapes to produce paper weights, statues, etc. Prices for these uses would be dependent on marketing studies. The aggregate itself would have a low unit value. Producing and selling slabs and shapes would increase the unit value. Even the value of aggregate can be increased by packaging ( selling l, 5 and 10-kilogram bags of aggregate to retail outlets).
90 Property Name: Lake of Bays Batholith Commodity: Building stone (Granitoid) Location: Northeast of Little Pepperbell Lake, east of Sioux Lookout NTS:52 J/03 SW Claim Map:Dominion Lake Area,G-2008,Patricia Min.Div.
Access A logging road passes within 30m of the outcrop. The location is 18.3 km north of Highway 642 from a point 25.9 km. easterly from Sturgeon River bridge on Highway 642, or 39 km. west of Highway 599. A Buchanan Brothers' bush camp is located on Little Pepperbell Lake along the road. The outcrop is located 3 km. along the main road beyond the turn-off to the 'fuel wood area' side road.(Fig.l) Development access would be by the present road which would require upgrading.
Previous work: No work has been recorded for the area. No systematic mapping has been done.
Description: The outcrop area measures about 150x200m and rises 3-5m above the surrounding sand plain. The rock is light pink on the weathered surface and light to medium pink on fresh surfaces. The rock is distinctly porphyritic, containing platy pink feldspar phenocrysts. Major joint direction is 335 degrees with a dip of 80-85 degrees west and a spacing of 0.6-1.3m, usually 1.3m.A second joint set strikes 040 degrees, dips -50 degrees east, with a spacing of 1.7-5m. A poorly developed third set strikes 100 degrees and dips 30 degrees north. Block sizes of 1.3x3x5m are present. Outcrops 0.6 km. further along the road display subhorizontal jointing giving a 'sheeted 1 appearance to the rock. Block thickness would average 15-30cm thick.
91 Test Results: Slabs were cut and polished. The rock takes a good polish displaying a medium to coarse grain size with occasional feldspar phenocrysts to 1.5cm.The overall colour is a light pink. Conclusions: Block sizes to 1.3x3x5m are present. Access is present in the form of a logging road on a sand plain. The stone deposit forms a topographic high which would facilitate quarrying.
92 Property Name: Revell Batholith - Highway 17 Commodity: Building stone (Granitoid) Locations: South side of Highway 17, 0.5 km east of west boundary of Hodgson Township NTS:52 F/08 NE Claim Map:Hodgson Twp.M-1778/Kenora Min.Div. Access: Highway 17 is adjacent to the outcrop area.(Fig.14) Development access would be by local roads. The highway here contains passing lanes which would facilitate an entrance road. Sand and gravel are available locally.
Previous Work: No record of any previous work is available.
Description: The rock is visually similar to other described locations along the north side of the Revell Batholith (Storey,1986a).It most closely resembles the Highway 17 - Basket Lake Road location. The outcrop examined rises 3-5m above the surrounding sand plain and covers an area 30 by 100m . The outcrop is light grey and coarse grained. One joint set strikes 060 degrees, dips vertically and has a spacing greater than 5m. A second set strikes 150 degrees, dips vertically to 75 degrees east with a spacing of 0.6-3m, averaging 2-2.5m. A single joint striking 180 degrees with a dip of 40 degrees west was noted within a 10m width.
Test Results: A sample was slabbed and polished. The slab was a light medium grey,medium grained and took a high polish. Conclusions: The stone is available in large blocks acceptable to industry. The colour is rather neutral as are several widely used stones. The location on a small rise adjacent to Highway 17 is favourable for quarrying.
93 Basket Lake Road
Fig.14 Northern Part of Revell Batholith Showing Sites Described scale: l : 254,240 legend Trans-Canada Highway. ————— 17 ———— other roads...... —————— Canadian Pacific Rly...... —f— -+- geological contact...... — — -- sample sites...... X
94 Property Name: Revell Batholith-Basket Lake Road Commodity: Building stone (Granitoid) Location: Junction of Highway 17 and Basket Lake Road west of Ignace, east of Dryden NTS: 52 F/09 SE Claim Map: Revell Tp, M-2011, Kenora Mining Division Access: A rock cut located immediately south of Highway 17 at the junction of the Basket Lake Road was sampled. The outcrop area extends south from this rockcut for 150m to the Revell River. Several similar outcrops occur for 5-10 km. along the northern flank of the Revell Batholith, (see Fig. 14). Previous Work: Recently, work has been carried out to assess the building stone potential. No earlier work has been reported, though two areas of blasting were noted.The blasting is believed to be related to the period of highway construction, possibly in the search for material for road base. Description: The northeast part of the Revell Batholith along Highway 17 in Revell Tp is a white-to-grey, coarse-grained massive granodiorite. The location sampled (opposite the Basket Lake Road on Highway 17) is a white-to very light-grey variety. The rock has a speckled 1 appearance due to the biotite content. Mineralogical composition is given by Storey as 30.4!* quartz, 51.0% plagioclase, 10.3% orthoclase and B.3% biotite, (Storey, 1986a). The outcrop area extends from the highway, southerly to the Revell River, a distance of 160m. Additional outcrop is present south of the River but was not examined. Several outcrops of similar composition are exposed along the Highway, easterly into the northwest corner of Hodgson Tp. Test Results: A polished slab took a high polish.This medium grained rock is light grey in colour. Conclusions: The colour and texture of this rock is similar to a very widely used stone from Texas.Block size is commercially acceptable. Nelson Granite,who own the property,expect to commence commercial production during 1987 (C.Nelson,pers.comm.1987).
95 Property Name: Revell Batholith - Bending Lake Road Commodity: Building stone (Granitoid) Location: 4 to 6 km. south of Highway 17 on Bending Lake Road NTS:52 F/08 NE Claim Map:Hodgson Twp.M-1778/Kenora Min.Div. Access: The Bending Lake Road provides access across the area.(Fig.14) The road is presently under construction.Only a partial cover of sand over the rock base of the road is present now. The road is passable but low speed is recommended. The road is usually blocked off to restrict traffic. Access is via the construction camp adjacent to Highway 17. Development access would use the Bending Lake Road.
Previous Work: No previous work has been recorded in this area.
Description: The granite-greenstone contact lies about 3.1 km. south of Highway 17. For the next 2.8 km., porphyritic granitoids are exposed in outcrops and rock cuts. Contact effects and xenoliths are present in the granite for about l km. from the contact. The rocks vary in colour from grey to pink - both the phenocrysts and ground mass exhibit the various colours independently. The phenocrysts are 1-2 cm. in size. Ground mass is medium grained. Phenocryst density is 3 to 10 crystals per 100 square cm. Block size is primarily a function of a sub-horizontal joint set or sheeting which is well developed throughout the area. Vertical jointing in the area usually consists of two sets at near 90 degrees to each other with spacings of 3-6m. The thickness of the sheeting is highly variable with a range from 0.3-1.5m.The sheeting is non-uniform in thickness producing a series of lenses 100-200m across. This results in thin wedge- shaped pieces around the periphery of each lens. Descriptions of samples collected follow: M-9 4.2 km. south of Highway 17:medium grained pink groundmass with occasional specks of pyrite,pink feldspar phenocrysts 0.5-1.5cm.takes a good polish.Overall light/medium pink colour.occasional reddish spots are likely due to staining from oxidized pyrite.no staining or streaks were evident on the outcrop. M-4 4.9 km. south of Highway 17:medium grained groundmass with occasional rounded feldspar phenocrysts to lcm. Overall pale pink colour. 96 M-7 5.5 km. south of Highway 17:medium grained,grey groundmass withlight grey/brown feldspar phenocrysts 0.8-2cm takes a high polish,overall grey colour M-5 6.1 km. south of Highway 17:medium grained/grey groundmass with very pale pink feldspar phenocrysts.Overall pale pink/grey colour. M-6 6.2 km. south of Highway 17:medium grained,pink groundmass with pink feldspar phenocrysts.Overall colour is a medium pink.
Test Results: Samples of M-4, M-5/ M-6, M-7 and M-9 were slabbed and polished. All samples polished well. Cracks were apparent in feldspar crystals in some of the samples. These cracks may be due to the blasting of the rock-cuts. In at least some cases the cracks appear to be a primary feature of the rock.
Conclusions: A variety of colours are available in this area.All slabs polished well and displayed a high lustre. Block.size is commercially acceptable, however, the sheeting will result in substantial wastage unless other applications can be found for smaller pieces, such as tiles or terrazo. Quarrying would be aided by the topography.
Note: The surface rights have been withdrawn from staking to avoid any potential problems with the road construction.This is a temporary situation.The surface rights would be available for any quarry operation (M.Hall,pers.comm.1986).
97 Property Name: Lost Lake Stock Commodity: Building Stone (Granitoid) Location: 1-7 km west of Hudson within l km south of Lost Lake Fig.l NTS:52 K/Ol SW Claim Map:Vermilion Addition Twp.M-2273 Patricia Min.Div. Access: A paved road westerly from Hudson crosses the area 0.8 km. south of the stock and also crosses the extreme west end of the stock. Several somewhat overgrown logging roads traverse the stock. Development access would require construction of roads. Sand and gravel is available locally. Costs would be low. Previous Work: No work has been reported for stone from the area Description: The rock is red, with clear quartz eyes. The rock has been described by Johnston as a trondhjemite (ref: GR 101, pp 23,23). Johnston's reference to epidote does not include the areas examined in 1986. The railway cut exposes the trondhjemite, however, likely due to blasting of the cut,maximum block size is O.6x0.6x0.6m. To the east 50-100m, undisturbed outcrops to the south of the tracks exhibit orthgonal jointing with an additional set dipping at 60 degrees. Block sizes to 3x5x2-3m are present. Surface weathering 1-2 cm. deep is evident on most outcrops. An outcrop area in the south central part of the stock was examined. The rock here is light to medium pink and heavily jointed. Block size maximum would be O.3x0.3x0.3m. Test Results: A piece was slabbed and polished. Due to the quartz eyes the rock is slower to polish, however, when polished, the surface has a shiny lustre.A slight greenish tinge may be due to epidote alteration. Conclusions: The rock is medium red (dark rose) a much brighter colour than most rocks of the area. Additional work is warranted to determine the 'best 1 quarry location. The area immediately south and east of the railroad rockcut is recommended as the starting point for a detailed systematic search.
98 Property Name: Sowden Lake Commodity: Building stone (Granitoid) Location: Southwest of Sowden Lake (Fig.l) NTS:52 G/06 NE Claim Map:Cairo Lake Area,G-1974/Kenora Min.Div. Approx. co-ord. 91 08 30 W , 49 30 30 N Access: The specific road to the stone location branches off the Sowden Lake Road about 36 km. north of Highway 17. Proceeding another 2- 3 km. along narrower logging roads leads to the occurrence on a large logged-off hill. Sowden Lake is visible from the top of the hill. Development access would consist in minor upgrading of the final few km. of the present road system. Sand is locally plentiful. Gravel is present within a few kilometers.
Previous Work: No work has been reported from the area.
Description: This area was given only a cursory examination due to time limitations. The area is underlain by granitic rocks cut by narrow pegmatite dykes. The colour of the rock varies from light/medium pink to a light yellowish brown. Most bedrock is overlain by silty sand less than 0.5m thick.Joints, where visible, appeared to be widely spaced.
Test Results: No samples were collected due to the very smooth surface of the outcrop area. Conclusions: Systematic stripping is required to determine the joint patterns and distribution of pegmatite dykes. There is no water available nearby. Compressed air would likely be as effective to remove the overburden.
99 Property Name: Valora-Jigger Lakes Stock Commodity: Building Stone (Granitoid) Location: South of Sturgeon Lake, east of Silver Dollar on Highway 599 NTS:52 G/14 SE Claim Map:Valora Lake Area,G-2565, Patrcia Min.Div. Access: Two logging roads cross the area. A half km. east of Highway 599, along the Great Lakes Forest Products road to the Valora spur, turn left onto gravel road and proceed northerly for 2.3 km. to the fork in the road. The left fork provides access to most of the stock. The right fork provides access to the southeast portion of the stock. Development access would likely utilize the present roads.
Previous Work: No record of any work in the pluton is available.
Description: The pluton is described by Trowell (1983b) on Ontario Geological Survey Map 2458 as " "quartz monzonite 1 , granodiorite (variable locally to granodiorite-trondhjemite)". Sheeting is the primary feature visible by cursory examination. These joints are subhorizontal west of the tracks and were spaced at 3-15cm intervals.East of the tracks, these joints were spaced up to four feet. Vertical joints in all areas examined were at approximately right angles with spacings of 3-5m. The ground surface in this area contains gravel-sized pieces of bedrock due to disintegration of the outcrop.
Test Results: Several pieces were slabbed from this pluton. Most pieces contained internal cracks and the slabs broke. No blasting has been done in this area, thus the cracks are inherent in the rock. Trowell, GR 114, p.27, notes alteration and deformation on a microscopic scale from this pluton. This alteration and deformation could account for the cracks in the rock
100 Fig.15 Valora-Jigger Lakes Stock scale: l : 100 000 legend paved highway.-599- main roads....——— logging roads. - - contact...... -- -- sample loc.... *
Sample G-12 (Fig.15) was too fractured to obtain a slab.Sample G- 13 took a high polish.This coarse grained rock is a light brown in colour with a slight pinkish tinge.Sample N-l is a coarsely granular light pink rock which took a good polish.The piece is lightly mottled with brown, possibly due to alteration. Conclusions: The localities examined do not have the potential to produce quantities of commercial size blocks. The alteration and fracturing noted earlier indicate that similar problems may affect the entire pluton. The sheeting may be a surface feature only.The light brown colour is unusual and may be a higher value stone.Drilling to determine if larger blocks are present is suggested if a suitable site were to be found by mapping.
101 Property Name: Avery Township Commodity: Black Granite (Gabbro) Location: North central Avery Township/ straddling Melgund Lake Road. NTS:52 F/09 NW Claim Map:Avery Twp.G-2587 , Kenora Min.Div. Access: Outcrops are located along the road to Melgund Lake 17.7 km. easterly from Highway 72. From junction of Highway 72 and the old Highway 17, at Dinorwic, proceed easterly along old Highway to railway tracks, turn left and follow main dirt road to the outcrop area. Previous Work No records of any previous work in the area exist. The presence of the gabbro was discovered by Ben Berger of the Ontario Geological Survey during mapping of the area during 1986 (B. Berger pers. comm. 1986),(Berger et al.!987b).
Description The gabbroic body is shown on Fig.16. The body is interpreted to be about 800m long and about 250m wide. Composition varies from gabbro to pyroxenite with the pyroxenite most prevalent in the northwest part of the body (sample B-4). The contact of the gabbro with the volcanics is gradational over several feet, characterized by a decrease in grain size and increase in schistosity. Interlayering of the two rock types appears to be common although this could be due to later tectonic events. Minor vertically dipping shearing striking 318 degrees was noted in the gabbro. Most outcrops were extensively jointed with maxiumum block size of about O.3x0.3x0.3m.Sample location B-4 contained block sizes to 0.6 x 0.6 x 1.0m. Test Results Several samples were collected from outcrops near the road for cutting and polishing. Samples B-2 and B-5 were both fine to medium grained gabbros which gave black, high-lustre, polished faces.Sample B-2 contained an occasional speck of sulphide.Both samples contained a few percent of black metallic oxides.Sample B-4 appears to be a pyroxenite.The medium grained,very dark grey groundmass combined with the 3-7mm pyroxene phenocrysts give a black polished surface which in certain light gives a mottled appearance to the rock. 102 N VOLCANICS
small V ^ o pond \ \X " * 17.7 km to Hwy 72 at Dinorwic l
l Melgund 1km 'v \ LakeUGIJS.C: x\ \
Fig.16 "Black Granite' Area Avery Twp. scale: l :31,680 (from Berger et al.,1987b) legend sample site...... ,...... ,.. x B-4 outline of gabbro...... — --
Conclusion The samples polished well and would be acceptable as decorative stone. observed is too small for the commercial stone trade. Block size The It is possible that larger blocks are present in the area. gabbro area forms a topographic high above the surrounding lower Overburden is thin ^0.5m) over most of the gabbro area. ground. be A modest stripping program with water wash down would sufficient to evaluate the potential for larger blocks.
103 Property Name: Avery Township Commodity: Leopard Rock (Porphyritic Gabbro) Location:Avery Township on shore of Avery Lake and within a mile to the north. NTS:52 F/09 NW Claim Map:Avery Twp.G-2587, Kenora Min.Div. Access: From junction of Highway 72 and old Highway 17 in Dinorwic, proceed east to railway tracks, turn left and follow gravel road. A total distance of 10.0 km. from the Highway junction is a tote road branching to the north. Outcrops of leopard rock occur 3/8 to 3/4 mile north along this tote road. On the lake shore in front of a cottage area on Avery Lake/ 0.4 km further east from the previous road junction is an outcrop of leopard rock.
Description The outcrops along the road show concentrations of feldspar crystals from l* to a maximum of 10% over small areas. Most outcrops are sheared. Only one small unsheared leopard rock outcrop containing about 5% crystals was found. The host rock is aphanitic. The shoreline outcrop contains l-5% crystals in a siliceous ground mass. Width is about 10 feet. Extensive jointing limits individual blocks to a maximum of 15x20x30 cm.
Test Results No samples were cut and polished
Conclusions Crystal content is too low to produce the appearance generally expected from a porphyry. Additional searching in the area may eveal greater crystal concentrations less affected by shearing. Some pieces may be suitable for small decorative items where the scattered crystals could act as highlights or a single large (to 1.5") crystal would be the focus (e.g. a paperweight) Outcrops mapped as ~leopard rock 1 are noted on map P.3068 (Berger et al.,1987b).
104 Property Name: Rainbow Quarry Commodities: Decorative stone (Fuchsite-bearing shear zone) Location: 1.4 km west of Lot 12, Cone. II, Vermilion Additional Township, 9 km. west of Hudson on leased claim Pa 329957. NTS: 52 K/01 SW Claim Map:Whipper Lake Area,G-2262,Patricia Min.Div. Access: A partially overgrown road passable by truck connects the quarry site to the Hudson-Ghost Lake Road. The access is shown on Fig.17. Previous Work: The history of previous work on the property is given in Storey (1986a). Description Several descriptions of the property have been published (Storey, 1986). The main siliceous fuchsite-bearing schist zone has been trenched for a length of 50m, a width of 1-3 m and a depth of 1-5 feet. Near the west end of the trench two siliceous zones occur north of the main zone, of which the most northerly contains fuchsite in small quantities. The south boundary of the main fuchsite- bearing zone consists of a quartz-muscovite schist unit 1-4 feet thick. At the west end of the trench the fuchsite-bearing unit is only centimeters wide. Further west the ground is covered with less than 1m of overburden. At the east end the unit is 60-70 cm. thick. Further east is a low-lying swamp. Test Results The most striking feature of the property is the bright green colour of the fuchsite and tests were carried out to investigate possible uses of the material. Samples of the fuchsite-bearing rock, fuchsite-free quartzite and quartz-muscovite schist were collected and sent to the Geoscience Laboratories in Toronto for crushing and screening. The screen fractions were returned to Sioux Lookout for further processing. Various fractions were cast in plastic to evaluate the possibility of using the rock-plastic combination to extend the range of potential products.
105 y^t-w.. s^y-~*f L s Rainbow v T/^ ^ ^ o } Quarry -^ M B H Q Q
1km
Fig.17 Fuchsite Occurrences - Rainbow Quarry Area scale: l :31,680 fuchsite occurrences shown thus...... + Conclusions Flagstone produced from this location gained market acceptance as demonstrated by the use of the material as a facing stone in a number of buildings in the area. One example is the front of "Twin Towers Restaurant", opposite Thunder Lake on Highway 17, between Dryden and Wabigoon. Although the flagstone was commercially successful, the lack of market for smaller pieces and several other factors not directly concerned with the quarrying operation made continued operations unprofitable.There is a reasonable expection that outlets for smaller pieces could be developed. The use of the crushed material embedded in plastic removes the limitations imposed by the size and shape of quarried pieces. A range of decorative slabs and shapes could be produced for use as counter tops, coasters, accent panels, paper weights,pen sets,book ends,etc. Previous marketing used the name 'Hudson Jade 1 quite effectively. Similar marketing, emphasizing the uniqueness and rarity of this stone in Northwest Ontario is suggested as a possible approach. The tourist and souvenir markets are expected to be the largest and most profitable outlets for production. Several other fuchsite-bearing zones were found during this study.Locations of all known occurrences are shown on Fig.17.The Rainbow Quarry contains a superior quality however additional prospecting could lead to the discovery of other deposits. 106 Property Name: Shanty Lake Pluton Commodity: Decorative stone (Granitoid) Location: Outcrops along Highway 642, 8.6 to 10.0 km. west of Highway 599.(Fig.l) NTS:52 G/14 SW Claim Map:Press Lake Area,G-2525,Patricia Min.Div. Access: Adjacent to paved Highway 642 Previous Work: Exploration has been carried out 2-3 km. to the east for Cu, Mo in the Shanty Lake Pluton. No work for stone has been reported. Description: The rock is identified on O.G.S. Map 2458 as 'trondhjemite/ granodiorite'(Trowell et al,1983b).The rock is pale to medium pink, medium to coarse grained, with occasional quartz stringers and aplite dykes. Jointing is somewhat irregular. At 8.6 and 10.0 km west of Hwy.599 the joints are closely spaced with block sizes to 0.3x0.6x0.6m At 9.8 km blocks to 2x2m are present, however, the area is flat and the third dimension was not visible. A high waste factor is likely to be present at this site.
Test Results: A sample was cut and polished.The rock took a good polish giving a light to medium pink colour.
Conclusions: Large quantities of suitable sized blocks are not present at the localities visited. The Shanty Lake Pluton extends for more than 15 km. westerly and is up to 7 km. wide.It is possible that suitable stone locations occur within this area.
107 Property Name: Pike Lake Intrusion Commodity: Decorative stone (Gabbro) Location: 4.7 to 6.2 km. west of Highway 599, on Highway 642 Fig. l NTS:52 G/14 SE Claim Map:Valora Lake Area,G-2565,Patricia Min.Div.
Access: All locations examined are adjacent to Highway 642. Previous Work: No record of any work for stone is available.
Description: The Pike Lake Intrusion is noted on O.G.S. map 2458 (Trowell et al,1983b) as a multi-phase differentiated intrusion consisting mainly of gabbro. Along the highway the gabbro is medium-to-coarse grained. Pegmatitic gabbro and oxide-rich zones are present. Minor sulphides appear to be ubiquitous. Joints are closely spaced. Block sizes to 30x30x45cm are present. Five or six joint sets are present.
Test Results: A slab was cut and polished.The sample polished well however the mineral lineation and metallic oxide content do not produce the typical uniform featureless texture of commercially acceptable material.The texture may be advantageous for decorative purposes.
Conclusions: Block size is too small for commercial stone blocks. The stone is suitable for smaller items. It is possible that larger blocks may be found elsewhere within the pluton. The Pike Lake Pluton is 8 km. by 3 km. in si-ze.
108 Property Name:Revell Batholith, Highway 17, Tower location Commodity: Building stone (Granitoid) Location: South side of Highway 17, 6.8 km east of Basket Lake Road Junction, 0.9 km. west of west boundary of Hodgson Tp., at road to microwave tower in unsurveyed territory between Revell and Hodgson Tp.(Fig.14) NTS:52 F/08 NE Claim Map:Oval Lake Area,G-2552,Kenora Min.Div. Access: The location is adjacent to Highway 17. Development access would likely utilize the road to the microwave tower and an abandoned section of Highway adjacent to the present highway. Sand and gravel are available locally.
Previous Work: No record of any previous work is known. Description: The exposure on the south side of Highway 17 is composed of grey granite similar to other exposures to the east and west. Three sets of vertical joints are present - two of which consist of joints at 20 degrees to each other forming wedges. Horizontal joints are spaced every 0.6-1.2m.Maximum block size observed was 1.2x1.2x1.2m. For 2 km. westerly along the highway from this exposure are several additional outcrops of similar rock. All outcrops contain numerous joints. No significant sized blocks are present.
Test Results: Samples were slabbed and polished with results similar to the other sample locations in the Revell Batholith along Highway 17.
Conclusions: Block size is too small for commercial specifications. Larger blocks may be present in the area, particularly to the south of the tower.
109 Property Name: Pelican Lake Stock Commodity: Decorative Stone (Granitoid) Location: Three miles west of Sioux Lookout, west side of Pelican Lake in southwest corner of Block 10 and adjacent area.Fig.l NTS:52 J/04 SW Claim Map:Drayton Twp.M-2233,Patricia Min.Div. Access: Dirt roads traverse the area examined. Development access would involve upgrading of present roads (widening and gravelling).
Previous Work: No record of previous work for stone in this area is available. Description: The rock is described by Johnston (GR 10.1 pp 22, 23) as a trondhjemite. The notable features of the rock are the distinct greenish tint due to chlorite and the presence of clear glassy quartz eyes. These characteristics were noted in all three outcrops visited. Many joints are present in the outcrops. Maximum block size noted along the tracks was 0.6xlxlm.In other locations,the block size was 20x25x30cm.
Test Results: A speciment was slabbed and polished. Due to the quartz eyes polishing took somewhat more time than usual but the sample did polish well.The colour of the polished surface is difficult to describe however it is considered to be a pale pink with a greenish tinge.
Conclusions: The rock is a unique colour which has not been seen elsewhere in the area. Further examination of the stock may reveal areas containing larger block sizes.
no Property Name: Minnitaki Lake Leopard Rock Commodity: Leopard Rock (Porphyritic Gabbro) Location: South of Minnitaki Lake along bush road to the south of Purdy Lake.(Fig.l) NTS:52 G/13 NW Claim Map:Parnes Lake Area,G-2164,Patricia Min.Div. Access: Road access is via the Basket Lake Road and a network of logging roads a total distance of 50.9 km. north of Highway 17. The road is in good condition for the entire distance and beyond. Previous Work: No record of any work is available Description: Three outcrops containing leopard rock were noted at distances of 50.9, 51.7 and 54.2 km. from Highway 17. The first outcrop is hard and massive with 1-5 % crystals in a black ground mass. The other two outcrops contain up to 50% crystals in a sheared, chloritic ground mass. Due to the shearing, solid blocks are difficult to locate. Pieces of leopard rock in float are found over a large area south to southwest of Minnitaki Lake. These are believed to have come from the area examined. Leopard rock horizons appear to be exposed along a strike length from Kabikwabik Lake to Southeast Bay a total of 22 km. Leopard rock is composed of plagioclase crystals in a mafic volcanic ground mass. The crystals are angular to rounded depending on the history of the rock. The crystals are white to pale green, the ground mass is black or dark green. Test Results: A piece of float collected from southwest of Amik Lake was cut and polished. The sample took a good polish.The piece consisted of a fine grained,dark green to black matrix with SO-60% white to medium green rounded and altered feldspar crystals.A sample from the outcrop at 54.2 km consisted of a light to medium green groundmass with SO-70% white,rounded feldspar crystals.This piece polished well however the matrix tends to have a ~flat' finish. Conclusion: Pieces of leopard rock float up to 0.6x0.6xlm have been reported from the area (H. Lundmark pers comm). It is, therefore, expected that similar sized and larger pieces occur in bedrock. The areas examined contained unsatisfactory stone.Prospecting along strike will result in discovery of unsheared leopard rock. Large blocks (Ixl.5x3m) will be unusual. Somewhat smaller blocks, suitable for decorative use as mantles, sills, accent pieces, trim, etc., will be more easily found. ill Other Decorative Stone Locations: Reconnaissance, carried out as part of the building stone inventory, resulted in the discovery of several locations/ in addition to those already mentioned. These sites are included for completeness.
Cobble Lake: Islands in the southeast part of Cobble Lake contain exposures of serpentine, talcose rocks, amphibolite and gabbro. A sample of gabbro from one of the islands, when polished, produced a high lustre, very dark-green finish with small random areas of white mottling due to feldspars. Block sizes up to O.Smxlmxlm were observed. According to Map 2303 (Pryslak ,1976), these mafic to ultramafic rocks extend eastward for several kilometers, over a width of one kilometer. As this area is less than ten kilometers from the Nelson Quarry, at Vermilion Bay, it is recommended as an area worthy of additional examination.
Lac Seul: A trip was made to the deep pink granite location noted in Storey, 1986, page 147.Although the location is 10-20 kilometers from a road, a quality red granite may be of value even in this location. The area was found to contain pink, granitic intrusions occurring as thin 1/2 to 2 m lit par lit injections, within a grey-to-grey- white gneissic granitoid.No deep pink granite was found.Checking of the samples previously collected indicated the colour was a medium pink-to-rose colour, similar to the Vermilion Pink now in production (C.C. Storey, pers. comm. 1986).
Highway 516: Roadcuts, along Highway 516, from the junction with Highway 599 to the junction with the Stanzikimi Lake Road, were examined. In addition, the roadcuts, from the Marchington River to the junction with Highway 642, were also examined. Between Highway 599 and the Stanzikimi Lake Road, most granitoid rocks exposed in rockcuts contain biotite or hornblende xenoliths. The xenoliths constitute only a minor percentage (less than 5%) of the rock but are ubiquitous. It would appear that the xenolithic rock is a boundary phase of the Lewis Lake Batholith, which occurs to the south of Highway 516.
112 Several mafic and felsic bodies in the vicinity of the highway were examined. Most were too closely jointed for building stone- sized blocks. One location, containing blocks to 1x1.3m in a flat-lying area, was noted 0.9 kilometers north of Highway 516, along a road starting 6.5 km west of the junction with Highway 599. A block of white quartz, with minor rust staining, 0.6mxlmxlm, was found adjacent to Highway 516, about 14.7 kilometers west of Highway 599. Crushed white quartz can be a commercial product (C.Storey,pers.comm.1986).No significant quartz veins were noted in sites in this, or any other locations. The source of the quartz is unknown. West of the junction with Vermilion River Road, for several kilometers, are rockcuts containing a grey granitoid gneiss, cut by pink pegmatite dykes. The combination of grey and pink are an attractive combination. No large blocks were seen. The variable nature of the rock would appear to preclude the possibility of obtaining large quantities of uniform material, even for ashlar. It could be an attractive stone for use in barbeques, fireplaces or for highlight walls locally. All rockcuts and outcrops between the Vermilion River Road and the Marchington River contained irregular pegmatitic dykes. No potential building stone deposits were seen. No distinctive stone for decorative purposes was seen. Two claims were staked for Lun Mac Rock of Thunder Bay, covering a distinctive rock, which is exposed in rockcuts, along Highway 516, between the Marchington River and the Stanzkimi Lake Road. The general location is described by Storey (Storey, 1987, p.39). This area was not examined during the study, due to time constraints. The following description is based on information and samples supplied by Lun Mac Rock. Several distinct colours of granitoid rocks are present, characterized by distinct blue quartz eyes. Major colours include a light-to-medium pink, a greenish grey and a light blue. All types consist of feldspar, quartz and hornblende. The colour is mainly due to the feldspars which can vary from medium pink to white. With white feldspar, the hornblende content is the predominent colouring agent, producing grey-to-greenish-black shades. The bluish quartz forms a constant background colour, giving the rock a bluish tinge. Joint patterns have not been examined in detail, however, loose blocks up to 1.5-2m have been seen. Preliminary marketing tests have been very favourable for the use of the stone for decorative use. Large blocks for other purposes would also have a market.
113 The colour and texture of the polished surface are most distinct and attractive. Block size, xenolith content and colour regularity remain to be determined. Field work to evaluate these parameters are planned for this summer (H. Lundmark/ W. McAteer, pers. comm. 1987). Vermilion River Road: The Vermilion River Road leads north from Highway 516 east of Sioux Lookout, crosses the Root River, then swings west, then southwest, around the northeast part of Lac Seul. This road is planned to connect with Ear Falls in the future. All rockcuts examined along the first 114 kilometers of this road consist of biotite schists with, more or less, granitoid material. Most of the material is granitic pegmatite with minor pink granitic zones. Most granitic pegmatite forms conformable layers (segregations) within the biotite schists. The balance of granitic material form dykes, or lit par lit injections. Many joints and the schistosity preclude the possibility of obtaining large blocks. The colour is rather bland with many irregularities in texture and pattern. No material for building or decorative stone applications was discovered. Highway 599: This Highway leads north from Ignace to connect Highway 17 with Savant Lake and Pickle Lake. From Ignace, north to the junction of Highway 642, numerous outcrops of granitoid rocks are exposed. Various combinations of gneissic, pegmatitic and massive varieties occur in most outcrops. Colours present are principally light grays and pinks. The lack of uniformity and the small block sizes were typical. No building stone quality material was observed. A small (3-6m) zone of quartz gabbro porphyry is exposed in a rockcut, 3.9 kilometers north of the junction with Highway 642. The rock consists of clear-to-bluish quartz eyes and white feldspar crystals in a black matrix. The rock takes a good polish. Only small blocks are present, however, as a decorative stone for bookends, etc., it would be most distinctive. The eastern part of the Lewis Lake Batholith is crossed by Highway 599, south of Savant Lake. Several rock types were noted along the highway, including gneissic, massive and pegmatic granitoids. Outcrops indicate large blocks may be present. The area was only seen while in transit.More work would be required to form a basis for assessing building stone potential. The remainder of Highway 599, to the junction with Highway 516, consists of sheared volcanics. These rocks were not examined, except in transit, however, it is unlikely that any building stone is present within the volcanics in this area. 114 Highway 17, West of Dryden: Rockcuts/ from Dryden westerly to Vermilion Bay, exhibit irregular combinations of biotite schists and white-to-light-grey pegmatites. The gross appearance is similar to rocks exposed along the Vermilion River Road. No suitable stone sites were seen. West of Vermilion Bay, to the Gordon Lake Access Road, rockcuts were only given a cursory examination. This area includes the Nelson Granite and Granite Quarriers Inc. (GQI) operations in a discrete granite stock. West of this stock is an area of gneisses, pegmatites and volcanics. No suitable building stone sites were noted, however, some of the dark pink pegmatitic dykes and sills exposed in rockcuts may be of potential economic interest. A dark pink-to-red-coloured aggregate from crushed pegmatite may be saleable as a decorative stone. Highway 17 - East of Dryden: Two samples of gabbro from Wabigoon Lake just north of the Wabigoon Resources property were collected(D-3,D-4, Fig.12)Sample D-3 polished to a pale medium green with a mottled texture.Sample D-4 polished to a dark green with white/of fwhite shades. Hornblende occurs in an acicular form giving the surface of the rock a "leafy 1 appearance.This texture was not seen elsewhere during the course of this study.Block sizes to 0.6x0.6x0.5m were observed at both sites.Both would be suitable as decorative stone. A rockcut l.1km east of Borups Corners exposes a sheared zone in mafic metavolcanics.Occasional slabs 0.6x0.6m and l-4cm thick can be removed.The slabs tend to disintegrate during handling making them too fragile for use as flagstone. No other locations of interest were noted between Dryden and English River except those within the Revell Batholith which are described elsewhere in this report. Basket Lake Road: The Basket Lake Road leads north from Highway 17 east of Borups Corners. Examination of rockcuts from the CPR tracks, northerly to the greenstone belt south of Minnitaki Lake, and the area south of Amik Lake, revealed grey-to-pink gneissic complex of non-uniform colour and texture without building-stone-sized blocks. The coverage of the Batholith was far from thorough. South of the CPR tracks, 0.9 kilometers north of Highway 17, a small exposure of grey granite is exposed around a power pole. The rock is typical of this portion of the Revell Batholith. Although the exposure is too small for a proper examintion, it indicates potential for large blocks (3.5x6x2m). Some xenoliths and pegmatite dykes were observed.
115 Gullwing Lake The presence of horizontal joints (sheeting) in the granitoid rocks adjacent to Gullwing Lake was noted by Harding (Harding,1950).The area was examined with a view to possible flagstone material. Upon examination it was apparent that the joints were gneissic foliation within a sequence of metasediments.The colour was generally a dirty grey.The occasional lit par lit injection of granite present was pink.Slabs of the gneiss O . 3x0.3x0.04m to 1.2x2x0.2m were exposed along the shoreline.The surfaces of the slabs were rough due to the granular nature of the rock. No material suitable for flagstone was seen. Epidote Float A 20 cm boulder of coarse-grained granite containing seams of epidote was found on the east shore of Gullwing Lake.The source is unknown. A polished slab from the boulder produced a high lustre finish.The combination of the pink granite and the green epidote is distinctive and attractive. No specific references to bedrock occurrences of similar material were found in the literature.Epidote is reported to be of common occurrence in the granitoid areas of the Lac Seul region (D.A.Janes,pers.comm.,1986).
lie LOCATION DESCRIPTIONS —— AGGREGATE Rainbow Quarry Samples from the Rainbow Quarry were collected,crushed and screened.Several size fractions of two samples were cast in plastic obtained at a hobby shop. Both the green fuchsite-bearing rock and the muscovite schist produced attractive looking slabs. The plastic tended to deepen and enhance the natural colour.The sample of quartzite was not used.The quartzite is a dirty grey colour and does not produce an attractive product. The crushed material in plastic could be used for making paperweights,pen sets,coasters,etc.,or in larger slabs for table tops,panels,etc.The green is an unusual colour in the region.Marketing aimed at the tourist and souvenir sectors is expected to provide the most likely outlet for such products. It is felt that a part-time ~cottage industry 1 could be developed at a nominal cost ^500-1000).Once a market is established and a plastic casting process is developed into a routine,production of larger slabs (e.g. table tops) and a broader range of other items could be added to the product line. No detailed cost estimates have been done ,however a value of $l- 5/lb. of fuchsite-bearing material could be realized at the wholesale level for items made from this material. St.Anthony Mine The St.Anthony Mine is located on patented property on the east side of the Northwest Arm of Sturgeon Lake.Boat is the only means of access.The mine dumps contain large amounts of quartz-sericite and sericite-quartz schists.These rocks were the host for the gold-bearing quartz veins. Samples of these two rock types were crushed and screened,and several size fractions cast in plastic.The sericite is a pale yellow-green which in combination with the white quartz yields an attractive though somewhat pale yellow-green slab.The greater quartz content of the quartz-sericite schist compared to the sericite-quartz appeared more pleasing. Although this location is remote,it does indicate that the use of ~waste 1 or other presently-ignored material may be suitable as an aggregate for specific decorative uses.
117 Highway 72 Leucogranite A sample of the leucogranite from the location previously described was crushed/screened and several size fractions cast in plastic.The resulting slabs were a neutral off-white colour similar to off-white "marbled'plastic laminates (e.g.Formica) used in counter tops,etc.The granular aggregate cast in plastic tended to give a feeling of "depth* and a mottled appearance which was more "rich 1 than the laminate. Medicine Lake Leucogranite Crushed aggregate from this deposit described previously was similar to that from Hwy.72. Other Screen fractions of gravel could be utilized in a similar manner to the aggregate.Such gravel is being used as an exterior finish on concrete items such as trash bins.Time did not permit any examination of gravel pits.With the variety of rock types in the area it is likely that several colours of suitable material could be found.
A wide range of plastics are available.Experimentation with different types are recommended.A hard/clear variety which is easy to use is preferred.lt is likely that different plastics will prove most suitable for specific applications.
118 MISCELLANEOUS ASSAYS During this study,sulphide-bearing occurrences were visited occasionally.Grab samples were collected and analysed.The results are presented in Tables 38 St 39.
Table 38 ANALYSES OF SULPHIDE-BEARING SAMPLES (part 1)
Au Ag Pt Ni Cu Co Sample ppb ppm ppb ppm , ppm ppm DAJ-SQ-3 2 ^ NF-8A 3 *2 NF-9B ^ *2
86-65 110 --
CB-1 3 ^ EL-1 2 *2
EL-2 7 ^
ML-2 180 <2 40
86-66 ^ 1 26 157 48
-SQ-3...pyrite along joints in fenitized rock/loc.3/Fig.9 -NF-8A..pyrite in carbonate vein,south shore of Sturgeon Narrows -NF-9B..pyrite in fenetized rock,loc.9,Fig.8 -86-65..carbonate stringers in shear 1.1 km east of Borups Corners,Hwy.17 -CB-1...dissem. pyrite in siliceous volcanics,west headland at entrance to Contact Bay,Wabigoon Lake -EL-1...pyritic felsic horizon on shore of Eagle Lake,approx. 0.5km north of soapstone -EL-2...pyrite and chalcopyrite in carbonate vein,Eagle Lake soapstone deposit -ML-2...pyrite in shear adjacent to Mile Lake #2 soapstone deposit -86-66..pyrite on joints in gabbro,Avery Twp.loc.B-2,Fig.16 Table 39 ANALYSES OF SULPHIDE-BEARING SAMPLES (part 2)
Au Pt Cu Ni Pb Zn As Co Ti Gr DAJ ppb ppb ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm * ppm -86-76 31 •ci 745 8 183 930 1.0 16 -- 12 -86-77 5 DAJ-86-76 - Hwy 516 rockcut, 2.8 km west of Hwy 599 DAJ-86-77 - Hwy 516 rockcut, 10.0 km west of Hwy 599 DAJ-86-78 - Hwy 516 rockcut, 10.0 km west of Hwy 599 DAJ-86-79 - Hwy 516 rockcut, 32.1 km west of Hwy 599 DAJ-86-80 - Bowman's Road, O.5 km south of jet with Ghost Lake Hudson Road DAJ-86-81 - Hwy 642 rockcut, 6.O km west of Hwy 599 DAJ-86-82 - Hwy 642 rockcut, 6.O km west of Hwy 599 DAJ-86-83 - Hwy 642 rcckcut, 5.7 km west of Hwy 599 DAJ-86-84 - Hwy 642 rockcut, 5.7 km west of Hwy 599 DAJ-86-85 - Hwy 599 rockcut, 3.9 km north of Hwy 642 120 REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Agricola Mineralia 1986: Manitoba Feldspar Product Evaluation and Market Study Submitted to : Project Management Authority, Mineral Policy Sector, EMR, Ottawa, Ontario Barnes, F. Q. 1984: The Wabigoon Soapstone Deposit of Wabigoon Resources Limited,internal report,unpublished. Berger,B.R.,MacMillan,D.,Butler,G. 1987a: Precambrian Geology of the Melgund Lake Area, McAree Township, Kenora District; Ontario Geological Survey, Map P.3070, Geological Series-Preliminary Map, scale 1:15 840 or l inch to 1/4 mile. Geology 1986. Berger,B.R.,MacMillan,D.,Butler,G. 1987b: Precambrian Geology of the Melgund Lake Area, Avery Township, Kenora District; Ontario Geological Survey, Map P.3068, Geological Series-Preliminary Map, scale 1:15 840 or l inch to 1/4 mile. Geology 1986. Blackburn, C. E.; Beard, R. C.; and Rivett, S. 1981: Kenora-Fort Frances Geological Compilation Series; Ontario Geological Survey Map 2443, scale 1:253,440. Breaks, F. W.; Bond, W.D.; Mcwilliams, G. H.; Gower, C. F.; and Stone, Denver. 1975: Operation Kenora-Sydney Lake, Umfreville-Separation Lakes Sheet, District of Kenora; Ontario Division of Mines, Preliminary Map P.1028, Geological Series, scale l inch to l mile or 1:63,360, Geology 1974. Breaks, F. W.; Bond, W.D.; Westerman, C. J. and Harris, N. 1976: Operation Kenora-Ear Falls, Dryden-Vermilion Bay Sheet, District of Kenora; Ontario Division of Mines, Preliminary Map P.1203, Geological Series, scale 1:63,360 or l inch to l mile. Geology 1975. 121 Breaks, F. W.; Bond W. D.; Westerman C.J.; Gower C. F.; Stone, Denver; Desnoyers D. W.; Mcwilliams G. H.; Harris, N. and Findlay D. 1978: Western English River Subprovince and Parts of Uchi and Wabigoon Subprovinces, General Geology and Lithophile Type Mineralization; Districts of Kenora and Kenora (Patricia Portion); Ontario Geological Survey Prelim. Map P. 1971, Geological Series, Scale 1:253,440 or l inch to 4 miles. Geology 1974, 1975. Compilation 1976. Breaks, F. W. 1979: Lithophile Mineralization in Northwestern Ontario, Rare Element Granitic Pegmatites; p.5-7 in Summary of Field Work, 1979, by The Ontario Geological Survey, edited by V. G. Milne, O.L. White, R. B. Barlow, and C. R. Kustra, Ontario Geological Survey Miscellaneous Paper 90, 245p. Breaks, F. W. 1980: Lithophile Mineralization in Northwestern Ontario, Rare Element Granitoid Pegmatites; p.5-9 in Summary of Field Work, 1980, by The Ontario Geological Survey, edited by V. G. Milne, O. L. White, R. B. Barlow, J. A. Robertson and A. C. Colvine, Ontario Geological Survey Miscellaneous Paper 96, 201p. Breaks, F. W. 1983: Lithophile Mineralization in the Dryden Pegmatite Field; p. 15-20 in Summary of Field Work 1983 by the Ontario Geological Survey, edited by John Wood, Owen L. White, B. Barlow and A. C. Colvine, Ontario Geological Survey, Miscellaneous Paper 116,313p. Breaks, F. W. and Kuehner, S. 1984: Precambrian Geology of the Eagle River-Ghost Lake Area, Kenora District; Ontario Geological Survey, Map P.2623, Geological Series - Preliminary Map, scale 1:31,680 or l inch to 1/2 mile. Geology 1980, 1983. Coope, b. (ed.) 1979: Industrial Minerals Merchants, Agents and Processors, A World Guide, First Edition. Published by Metal Bulletin Books Ltd. Park House, Park Terrace, Worcester Park, Surrey, KT4 7HY, England) Farrell,J.E. 1985: Quartz Crystal,preprint from Mineral Facts and Problems, Bulletin 675,Bureau of Mines,United States Department of the Interior,Washington,D.C. 122 Guillet, G. R. 1967: The Clay Products Industry of Ontrio; Ontario Department of Mines Industrial Mineral Report 22. Guillet, G. R. 1969: Marl in Ontario; Ontario Department of Mines Industrial Mineral Report 28. Guillet, G. R. and Kriens, J. 1984: Ontario and the Mineral Filler Industry; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Mineral Resources Branch, Industrial Mineral Background Paper 5 (IMBP 5). Guillet, G. R. and Martin, W. 1984: The Geology of Industrial Minerals in Canada; The Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Special Volume 29. Harding, W. D. 1951: Geology of the Gullwing Lake - Sunstrum Area; Ontario Department of Mines, Annual Report for 1950, Vol. 59, pt. 4, p.1-29. Accompanied by Map 1950-2, scale 1:63,560. Hewitt, D. F. 1952: Feldspar in Ontario; Ontario Department of Mines, Industrial Mineral Report 3, 13p. Hewitt, D. F. 1967: Pegmatite Mineral Resources of Ontario; Ontario Department of Mines Industrial Mineral Report 21. Hewitt, D.F. 1972: Talc in Ontario; Ontario Department of Mines and Northern Affairs, Industrial Mineral Report 40. Janes, D. A. 1981: Property Visit, Coates Bay Pegmatite, Property Visit Report, Sioux Lookout Resident Geologist's Office, unpublished. Johnston, F. J. 1969: Geology of the Western Minnitaki Lake Area, District of Kenora; Ontario Department of Mines Geological Report 75, 28 p. Accompanied by Map 2155, scale 1:31,680. 123 Johnston, F. J. 1972: Geology of the Vermilion-Abram Lakes area, District of Kenora; Ontario Division Mines, GR.101, 56p. Accompanied by maps 2242 and 2243, scale l inch to 1/2 mile. Lefond, S. J. (ed.) 1983: Industrial Minerals and Rocks 5th edition; American Institute of Mining Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers. Les Consultants Sogir Inc. 1984: Market Study for Stone in Northwestern Ontario; Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 5493, 186p. Moorhouse, W. W. 1941: Geology of the Eagle Lake Area; Ontario Department of Mines Annual Report Volume 68, part 4 for 1939. Accompanied by Map 48d, scale 1:63,560. Page, R. O. 1984: Geology of the Lateral Lake Area, District of Kenora; Ontario Geological Survey Open File Report 5518. Palonen, P. A. 1978?: Report on the Marl Occurrence, Surprise Lake, Property Visit Report, Sioux Lookout Resident Geologist's Office, unpublished. Pryslak, A.P. 1976: Geology of the Bruin Lake-Edison Lake Area, District of Kenora; Ontario Division Mines, GR 130, 6Ip. Accompanied by Maps 2302 and 2303, scale l inch to 1/2 mile (1:31,680) and Chart. Pryslak, A. P. and Hutton, D. A. 1980: Fairservice Option Exploration for the Tantalum Potential of the Mavis Lake Pegmatites Lithium Lithogeochemical Survey March 1980; MNR Resident Geologist Office, Kenora Assessment File 52F/15SE M-9. Satterly, J. 1943: Geology of the Dryden-Wabigoon Area, Kenora District; Ontario Department of Mines Annual Report, Vol. 50, pt. 2 for 1941. Accompanied by Map 50e. 124 Satterly, J. 1960: Geology of the Dyment Area; Ontario Department of Mines, Annual Report for I960, Vol. 69, pt. 6, p.1-32. Accompanied by Map 1960h, scale 1:31,680 Speed, A. A., Mason, J. K. and Vos, M. A. 1985: Lime Resources of the Thunder Bay Area; Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 5566, 173p, 25 figures, 4 tables, l map and l appendix. Spence, H. S. 1922: Talc and Soapstone in Canada; Canada Department of Mines, Mines, Mines Branch Publication 583. Spence, H. S. 1940: Talc, Steatite and Soapstone, Pyrophyllite; Canada Department of Mines and Resources, Mines Branch Publication 803. Storey, C. C. 1983: Preliminary Report of the Building and Ornamental Stone Inventory, Kenora and Rainy River Districts; Ontario Geological Survey Open File Report 5446, 143p, 20 tables and 37 figures. Storey, C. C. 1984: Preliminary Report of the Building and Ornamental Stone Inventory, Part 2, Kenora and Rainy River Districts; Ontario Geological Survey Open File Report 5522, 127p., 19 tables, 23 figures. Storey, C. C. 1986a: Building and Ornamental Stone Inventory in the Districts of Kenora and Rainy River; Ontario Geological Survey, Mineral Deposits Circular 27, 168p. Storey, C. C. 1986b: An Evaluation of the Industrial Mineral Potential of Parts of the Districts of Kenora and Rainy River, Ministry of Northern Development and Mines, unpublished report.. Trowell, N. F. 1976: Geology of the Quest Lake Area, Districts of Kenora and Thunder Bay; Ontario Division of Mines Geological Report 120, 31p. Accompanied by Map 2335 scale 1:31,680. 125 Trowell, N. F., Sage, R. P., Wright, W., Chamois, P. and Higgins, C. 1979: Sturgeon Narrows and Squaw Lake Alkalic Rock Complexes, District of Thunder Bay: Ontario Geological Survey Preliminary Map P.2223, Geological Series. Scale 1:15,840 or l inch to 1/4 mile. Geology 1976. Trowell, N. F. 1983a: Geology of the Sturgeon Lake Area, Districts of Thunder Bay and Kenora; Ontario Geological Survey Report 221, 97p. Accompanied by Maps 2456, 2457, and 2458, scale 1:50,000, l Chart, and l sheet of Microfiche. Trowell, N. F. 1983b: Geology of the Squaw Lake-Sturgeon Lake Area, District of Thunder Bay; Ontario Geological Survey Report 227, 114p. Accompanied by Map 2420, scale 1:31,680. Trowell, N. F., Bartlett, J. R., and Sutcliffe, R. H. 1983: Geology of the Flying Loon Lake Area, District of Kenora; Ontario Geological Survey Report 224, 109p. Accompanied by Maps 2458 and 2477, scale 1:50,000 and l Chart. Ucakawun,E.K. 1981: The Pegmatites and Granitoid Rocks of the Dryden Area,Northwestern Ontario.unpublished M.Se.Thesis, University of Manitoba. Vos,M.A., Abolins,T.,and Smith,V. 1982: Industrial Minerals of Northern Ontario - Supplement l, Ontario Geological Survey Open File Report 5388, 344p., 3 figures and l table. Wilson, M. E. 1926: Talc Deposits of Canada; Geological Survey of Canada, Economic Geology Series No. 2. 126 APPENDIX I Description of Frantz Test Procedure (W. Hicks, Mineralogist, O.G.S., Toronto) Job # 86-2543 MINERAL SEPARATION AND ANALYSIS Eight samples were received from you for analysis after passage through the Frantz Isodynamic Separator. The non-magnetic fraction was to be analysed for Fe and FeO (trace level) and standard determinations for A1203, Na20, and K2O. The detection limit for FeO using classical chemical methods is Q.2%, but total iron can be accurately determined to 5ppm using Atomic Absorption. For these reasons FeO will be determined only on those samples having a total iron content significantly greatly than Q.2% (2000ppm). Sample Preparation - Each sample was reduced to 1/2 in. in the jaw crusher, riffled down to 1/4 size for pulverizing in the Schwingmuller. A short grinding time (30 sec.) reduced the production of extreme fines, despite which, considerable -200 mesh was produced. The product was screened and weighed. Sple No. +60 -60+200 -200 grams grams grams DAJ86-30 265.6 176.0 167.9 DAJ86-31 176.4 212.4 219.3 DAJ86-35 61.9 149.2 162.0 DAJ86-40 111.6 195.6 234.4 DAJ86-41 207.1 177.8 188.4 DAJ86-45 717.0 284.0 213.0 DAJ86-55 96.7 255.1 243.3 DAJ86-57 122.8 163.7 239.8 From the samples listed above, two sizes were removed: 1) -20+60 (from the +60 fraction) 2) -60+200 A 20-gram portion was taken from each size for passage through the Frantz Separator, set at maximum amperage, tilted at 10 degrees and sloped at about 20 degrees. Before placing the sample into the Separator, a hand magnet removed magnetite and any metals picked during grinding. Such magnetics constituted as much as 0.5 grams but usually weighed less than O.l grams. 128 The samples were passed through the Frantz Separator. The non magnetic portion was passed through a second time and additional magnetics were usually recovered. The weights of the two fractions are tabulated below: (grams) Sple No. -20+60 -60+200 Mags Non-Mags Mags Non-Mags DAJ86-30 3.4 15.5 2.2 17.4 DAJ86-31 1.3 18.2 1.7 18.7 DAJ86-35 9.1 9.7 2.1 17.4 DAJ86-40 8.4 10.6 3.9 14.4 DAJ86-41 7.9 12.0 5.4 13.8 DAJ86-45 7.8 9.8 6.7 12.5 DAJ86-55 9.9 10.0 6.2 13.1 DAJ86-57 15.7 3.8 10.1 8.6 Of the sixteen non-magnetic samples, three-gram portions of each were sent to the chemical laboratory for analysis; the remaining fractions will be returned to you. Further to Job 2543 An additional four samples were separated following the procedure described in the above report. Two of the samples were received with your original shipment. The two marked 86-002 and -003 were supplied by Dr. Max Vos. Their locations are given below. The weight fractions after pulverizing and screening one quarter of each sample are tabulated below. Sample +20 -20+60 -60+200 -200 Weight No. (before scr'g) 1 86-002 0.3 92.1 162.1 198.6 454.4 2 86-003 3.8 106.0 147.0 126.6 384.9 3 DAJ86-92 1.5 47.5 208.5 150.0 409.1 4 DAJ86-93 1.1 117.3 146.4 166.1 431.8 From each of the four samples, two fractions (-20+60 and 60+200) were passed through the Frantz separator to produce a magnetic and non-magnetic portions. A total of eight non-magnetic separates were sent to the chemical laboratory for determination of A12O3, Na2O, K2O and Total Fe. Sample Locations 86-003 Map 1950-2, Gullwing-Sunstrum Area: Drope Tp.,on the south shore of Gullwing Lake, east of Coates Bay. 86-003 Preliminary Map- Mine Centre (West Half): from an outcrop on the north side of Highway 11, south of Ottertail Lake. 129 APPENDIX II Screen Size Distributions for Aggregate Samples 130 AGGREGATE SAMPLES SCREEN SIZE DISTRIBUTION Sample -1 3/4 -1/2 -3/8 -1/4" +3/4 1' +1/2" +3/8 1' + 1/4" -HOm -10m Total DAJ-86-61 16. 5 38 .8 13. 3 9. 7 11.0 10.7 100 .0 DAJ-86-68 17. 7 38 .5 12. 2 10. 8 11.9 9.9 100 .0 DA J- 8 6 -69 23. 4 23 .7 10. 9 12. 5 14.4 15.1 100 .0 DAJ-86 -70 12. 9 47 .7 14. 9 8. 6 8.7 7.2 100 .0 DAJ-86-71 14. 1 37 .4 11. 1 10. 4 13.2 13.8 100 .0 DAJ-86-72 21. 5 35 .7 10. 6 9. 2 12.5 10.5 100 .0 DAJ-86 -73 20. 5 36 .6 11. 1 8. 3 11.5 12.0 100 .0 DAJ-86-94 19. 9 35 .4 11. 1 10. 0 12.2 11.4 100 .0 DAJ-86 -95 11. 9 38 .1 14. 6 11. 9 12.3 11.2 100 .0 Sample Locations DAJ-86-61 Revell Batholith - Basket Lake Road DAJ-86-68 Fuchsite-bearing zone i Rainbow Quarry DAJ-86-69 Muscovite schist zone i Rainbow Quarry DAJ-86 -70 Quartzite zone - Rainbow Quarry DAJ-86-71 Quart z -sericite schist - St. Anthony Mine DAJ-86-72 Sericite-quartz schist - St. Anthony Mine DAJ-86-73 Pyritic quartz-sericite schist - St. Anthony Mine DAJ-86 -94 Leucogranite - Highway 72 DAJ-86-95 Leucogranite - Medicine Lake 131 APPENDIX III LIST OF THIN SECTIONS 132 The following thin sections were prepared for this project. They are presently stored in the Sioux Lookout Resident Geologist's Office. Thin Section Rock Sample Comments No. No. DAJ-GF-19A DAJ-GF-19 Harrison Graphite Area siliceous graphite-bearing horizon DAJ-GF-19B DAJ-GF-19 Cut at 90 degrees to above DAJ-86-9696 B-2 Avery Tp. 97 G-13 Valora-Jigger Lakes Stock 98 C-2 Revell Batholith-Basket Lake Rd 99 M-9 Revell Batholith-Bending Lk Rd 00 M-4 Revell Batholith-Bending Lk Rd .01 M-5 Revell Batholith-Bending Lk Rd 001 M-6 Revell Batholith-Bending Lk Rd 002 M-7 Revell Batholith-Bending Lk Rd 003 G-l Lake of Bays Batholith 004 H-l Revell Batholith-Highway 17 005 L-l Lost Lake Stock 007 B-4 Avery Tp. 008 B-5 Avery Tp. 009 N-l Valora-Jigger Lakes Stock 010 H-2 Revell Batholith-Tower Location Oil E-9 Cobble Lake 018 Wab.Res. N-l Wabigoon Res. North Zone Samp, l 019 Wab.Res. N-2 Wabigoon Res. North Zone Samp. 2 020 Wab.Res. N-3 Wabigoon Res. North Zone Samp. 3 021 Wab.Res. S-l Wabigoon Res. South Zone Samp, l 022 Wab.Res. S-2 Wabigoon Res. South Zone Samp. 2 023 Wab.Res. S- 3 Wabigoon Res. South Zone Samp. 3 024 D-l Wabigoon Res. Area ( see fig.12) 025 D-2 Wabigoon Res. Area ( see fig.12) 026 D-2 Wabigoon Res. Area ( see fig.12) 027 ML2 Mile Lake No. 2 133 APPENDIX IV Descriptions of Thin Sections by A. Stechishen,B.Se. 134 THIN SECTION EXAMINATION DAJ DAJ DAJ DAJ DAJ 86-97 86-98 86-99 86-100 86-101 Phenocrysts (if applic.) microcline* — — — 20-25 10-15 plagioclase quartz — — 10 — 5 orthoclase -- — 10 — 5 Groundmass plagioclase 30-35 50-55 35-40 40-45 40 orthoclase 10 5-10 15-20 5-7 15-20 microcline 10 — A2 5-7 Al quartz 15-20 15-20 10-15 10-15 10 biotite 5 7-10 Al 7-10 5 muscovite A2 5 5 Al A2 apatite A3 Al A3 A3 A3 epidote Al — A5 -- A4 sphene A4 — A4 A2 A5 opaques A5 — A6 A4 A6 carbonate allanite ------A5 chlorite A - accessory mineral, (i.e.Al - most abundant, etc.) * - microcline-perthite Thin Section Field Sample Rock Type No. No. DAJ-86-97 G-l3 quartz monzonite DAJ-86-98 C-2 leucogranite DAJ-86-99 M-9 quartz monzonite DAJ-86-100 M-4 granodiorite DAJ-86-101 M-5 quartz monzonite DAJ-87-001 M-6 pophyritic granite DAJ-87-002 M-7 DAJ-87-003 G-l DAJ-87-004 H-l DAJ-87-005 L-l 135 OF GRANITOID SAMPLES DAJ DAJ DAJ DAJ DAJ 87-001 87-002 87-003 87-004 87-005 Phenocrysts (if applic.) microcline* 25 20-25 15 — 15-20 plagioclase ------30 quartz 5 15-20 25 — 15-20 orthoclase Groundmass plagioclase 15 10 10 25 15 orthoclase 15-20 — 25-30 10 20 microcline 5 15 -- A2 5 quartz 7-10 10-15 15 25 15 biotite 10-15 5 5 7 Al muscovite 7 10 7 Al apatite Al 3-5 Al A3 A2 epidote -- -- — -- 5-7 sphene A2 Al A3 A4 opaques A3 — A2 -- A4 carbonate A4 A2 -- -- A5 allanite chlorite -- -- — -- A3 Of all the sections all but two posess a porphyritic texture. The phenocrysts are predominantly microcline-perthite and quartz. One section (DAJ-87-004) has plagioclase phenocrysts and DAJ-86-99 and DAJ-86-101 contain some orthoclase as phenocrysts.The feldspar phenocrysts and many of the plagioclase grains are commonly poikiolitic with inclusions of a wide array of accessory minerals. Since the samples above were examined for building and decorative stone, it is important to note that DAJ-87-001, -002 and -003 contain fractures.lt was not possible to determine if they were primary features or induced by blasting. No weathering or alteration was seen along these fractures.They cut both the grains and the rock fabric. 136 Thin Section Examination of Soapstone Samples DAJ DAJ DAJ DAJ DAJ DAJ DAJ 87-021 87-022 87-023 87-024 87-025 87-026 87-027 talc 50-55 50-55 50-55 60-65 40-50 45-55 35-40 carbonate 30-35 25-30 10 20-30 30-40 20-25 15 chlorite 10-15 10 40 10 20 25-30 35-40 amphiboles 3-5 opaques 5-7 7-10 A A muscovite A feldspars 5 iron oxides Thin Section Field Sample Mesh Size of Talc Grains* No. No. DAJ-87-021 S-l -35 +230 DAJ-87-022 S-2 -70 +230 DAJ-87-023 S-3 -40 +270 DAJ-86-024 D-1 -100 +140 DAJ-87-025 D-2 -50 +230 DAJ-87-026 D-2 -70 +140 DAJ-87-027 ML -50 +140 * visual estimate Thin Section Examination DAJ-86-96 Gabbro , Avery Twp. Hornblende/Uralite (fine grained ) 65% Plagioclase 30% Opaques 3% Zoisite Carbonate Actinolite tr-1% Overall texture of the thin sections is ophitic with large stubby grains surrounding the finer grained plagioclase.The hornblende is most likely a proxy for clinopyroxene and has become the major constituent of the sample.Uralite is also present as a finer grained and fibrous replacement for previosly existing pyroxenes/clinopyroxenes.No banding or segregations of mineral grains/lack of fractures and a fresh appearance suggest that the stone may have good decorative stone potential. 137 APPENDIX V List of Polished Slabs 138 Appendix V List of Polished Slabs These samples are available for examination at the Sioux Lookout Resident Geologist's Office Field Sample No. Location B-2 Avery Twp. ("black granite") B-4 11 ( pyroxenite ) B-5 ("black granite") C-2 Revell Batholith - Basket Lake Road D-3 Wabigoon Lake D-4 ii E-9 Cobble Lake G-l Lake of Bays Batholith G-2 Shanty Lake Pluton G-5 Pike Lake Intrusion G-9 H G-10 Hwy 599 G-13 Valora-Jigger Lakes Stock GWF Gullwing Lake Float (epidote) H-1 Revell Batholith - Hwy 17 Location H-2 " Tower Location K-3(L-3) Pelican Lake Stock L-l Lost Lake Stock M-l Amik Lake Rd.( Basket Lake Rd.)~ float M-3 Minnitaki Lake Leopard Rock M-4 Revell Batholith-Bending Lake Road M-5 M-6 M-7 M-9 N-l Valora-Jigger Lakes Stock Hwy 516-Yett Lk. Lun Mac claims-Hwy.516 Nepheline Syenite Sturgeon Narrows (loc.7) 139 Conversion from SI to Imperial Conversion from Imperial to SI SI Unit Multiplied by Gives Imperial Unit Multiplied by Gives LENGTH 1 mm 0.039 37 inches 1 inch 25.4 mm 1 cm 0.393 70 inches 1 inch 2.54 cm 1m 3.28084 feet 1 fooi 03048 m 1m 0.049 709 7 chains 1 chain 20.116 8 m 1km 0.621 371 miles (statute) 1 mile (statute) 1.609 344 km AREA l cm2 0.155 O square inches l square inch 6.451 6 l m2 10.763 9 square feet l square foot 0.092 903 04 m l km2 0.386 10 square miles l square mile 2.589 988 km2 l ha 2.471 054 acres l acre 0.404 685 6 ha VOLUME l cm3 0.061 02 cubic inches l cubic inch 16387 064 1m3 35.314 7 cubic feet l cubic foot 0.028 316 85 m 1m3 1.3080 cubic yards l cubic yard 0.764 555 m3 CAPACITY 1L 1.759 755 pints 1 pint 0.568261 L 1L 0.879 877 quarts 1 quart 1.136 522 L 1L 0.219 969 gallons 1 gallon 4.546 090 L MASS lg 0.035 273 96 ounces (avdp) 1 ounce (avdp) 28.349 523 g lg ' 0.032 150 75 ounces (troy) 1 ounce (troy) 31.103 476 8 g 1kg 2.20462 pounds (avdp) 1 pound (avdp) 0.453 592 37 kg 1kg 0.001 102 3 tons (short) 1 ton (short) 907.184 74 kg It 1.102311 tons (short) 1 ton (short) 0.907 184 74 l 1kg 0.000 984 21 tons (long) 1 ton (long) 1016.046 908 8 kg It 0.984 206 5 tons (long) 1 ton (long) 1.016 046 908 8 \ CONCENTRATION l g/t 0.029 166 6 ounce (troy)/ l ounce (troy)/ 34.285 714 2 g'l ton (short) ton (short) l g/t 0.58333333 pennyweights/ l pennyweight/ 1.7142857 g/l ton (short) ton (short) OTHER USEFUL CONVERSION FACTORS Multiplied by l ounce (troy) per ton (short) 20.0 pennyweights per ton (shorl) l pennyweight per ton (short) 0.05 ounces (troy) per ton (short) Note: Conversion factors which are in bold type are exact. The conversion factors have been taken from or have been derived from factors given in the Metric Practice Guide for the Canadian Mining and Metallurgical Indus tries, published by the Mining Association of Canada in co-operation with t/ie Coal Association of Canada. 140