Biology 152 – Appendicular Skeleton Anatomy Objectives

We will learn proper bone names, left/right/medial, and the parts of bones in this exercise. Start by learning the names of the bones. As you gain comfort with that, learn the parts visually and by feel. If you can put the bone in a bag and still feel and identify the parts, then you really will remember it for the practical! Remember, if there are paired bones in the body, then their parts are likely paired left/right as well. Medial bones could have paired or medial parts.

SCAPULA - right/left - ax head points down and arm goes off to the side; Glen and Cora are dating! Note that posterior has a ridge and the anterior (deeper side) is smooth. acromion lateral border coracoid process glenoid cavity infraspinous fossa medial border spine of scapula subscapular fossa supraspinous fossa

HUMERUS - right/left - stick shift with overdrive button for your thumb; My Little CTO! Intertubercular groove capitulum (the lateral condyle) coronoid fossa (CTO) diaphysis deltoid tuberosity head greater tubercle lateral epicondyle lesser tubercle medial epicondyle olecranon fossa (CTO) radial fossa trochlea (the medial condyle; CTO)

CLAVICLE – right/left – curves out and back and bump points downwards acromial end sternal end conoid tubercle

ULNA – right/ left - has a proximal "U" and points at the pinky; My Little CTO! coronoid process (CTO) diaphysis head olecranon process (CTO) radial notch styloid process (medial) trochlear notch (CTO)

RADIUS – right/left - the radius rotates and points at the thumb diaphysis head neck radial tuberosity styloid process (lateral) ulnar notch

MANUS REGIONS - right/left – hand bones identified by position (#1-5 starting at pollex) CARPALS Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform; Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate (“Some Lovers Try Positions - That They Can't Handle”) METACARPALS numbered 1-5 PHALANGES numbered 1-5 with proximal, intermediate, distal

PEDIS REGIONS - right/left – foot bones identified by position (#1-5 starting at hallux) TARSALS talus, calcaneus, navicular, medial/intermediate/lateral cuneiforms, cuboid (“The Circus Needs More Interesting Little Clowns”) METATARSALS numbered 1-5 PHALANGES numbered 1-5 with proximal, intermediate, distal

FEMUR – right/left - head is proximal and back of knee has large notch for cruciate ligaments adductor tubercle diaphysis head intercondylar notch gluteal tuberosity greater trochanter lesser trochanter lateral condyle lateral epicondyle linea aspera medial condyle medial epicondyle neck patellar articulating surface

TIBIA – right/left - "T" shaped bone that has sharp front and distal bump points at big toe diaphysis lateral condyle medial condyle medial malleolus tibial tuberosity tibial plateau (or intercondylar eminence) area where cruciate ligaments attach

FIBULA - right/left - notch in the back of distal head and it points at heel diaphysis distal head lateral malleolus proximal head

Patella - right/left – outer (lateral) facet is always wider when you point the apex down medial facet lateral facet

COXAL – right/left - grab like a gun (finger in greater sciatic notch) and curves medial at front acetabulum anterior inferior iliac spine anterior superior iliac spine posterior inferior iliac spine posterior superior iliac spine crest of ilium (iliac crest) greater sciatic notch lesser sciatic notch ilium ischium ischial spine ischial tuberosity obturator foramen pubic symphysis (articulated pelvis only) pubis sacroiliac articulating surface

On the practical itself, you will be given the following format:

POSITION - 0.5 points each STRUCTURE NAME – 1 point ea. BONE NAME(S) – 0.5 pnts. ea. 1 left right medial of the 2 left right medial of the 3 left right medial of the