Class Outline: Anterior Anatomy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Class Outline: Anterior Anatomy 5 minutes Attendance and Breath of Arrival 40 minutes Anterior muscles 10 minutes Quadriceps femoris OIA’s Classroom Rules Punctuality- everybody's time is precious: ◦ Be ready to learn by the start of class, we'll have you out of here on time ◦ Tardiness: arriving late, late return after breaks, leaving early The following are not allowed: ◦ Bare feet ◦ Side talking ◦ Lying down ◦ Inappropriate clothing ◦ Food or drink except water ◦ Phones in classrooms, clinic or bathrooms You will receive one verbal warning, then you'll have to leave the room. Anterior Anatomy Anterior Muscles Names, locations, and shapes The Big Picture Head and Neck (detailed later) Pectoralis Major (chest muscle) Rectus Abdominis (abs) External Obliques Serratus Anterior Deltoids Biceps Brachii (biceps) Forearm Flexors TFL (tensor fascia latae) Sartorius Quadriceps Femoris (quads) Adductors (inner leg muscles) Tibialis Anterior Peroneus Longus Review of Muscle Names Pectoralis major Rectus abdominis External obliques Serratus anterior Deltoid Biceps brachii Forearm flexors TFL Sartorius Quadriceps Tibialis anterior Peroneus longus Trapezius Rhomboids Levator scapula Erector spinae Lats Deltoid Triceps Forearm extensors Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Gastrocnemius Soleus Anterior Bones Giving names to the bones on the front of the body. The Big Picture Let’s Name the Bones! Skull Cervical Vertebrae (neck) Thoracic Vertebrae (upper back) and Ribs Thoracic Vertebrae (upper back) and Ribs Sternum (chest bone) Lumbar Vertebrae (low back) Clavicle (collar bone) Scapula (shoulder blade) Humerus (upper arm bone) Radius (forearm bone on the thumb side) Ulna (forearm bone on the pinky side) Hand bones Pelvic Girdle (2 pelvic bones, sacrum, and coccyx) Pelvic Bones (hip bones) Sacrum and Coccyx (tail bone) Femur (thigh bone) Patella (knee cap) Tibia (shin bone) Fibula Foot bones Quadriceps Femoris OIA’s Quadriceps Femoris Rectus femoris Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine (ASIS) Insertion: patella tibial tuberosity Action: flex the hip (femur) extend the knee (tibia) Vastus medialis Origin: medial lip of linea aspera Insertion: patella tibial tuberosity Action: extend the knee (tibia) Vastus lateralis Origin: lateral lip of linea aspera gluteal tuberosity Insertion: patella tibial tuberosity Action: extend the knee (tibia) Vastus intermedius Origin: anterior and lateral shaft of the femur Insertion: patella tibial tuberosity Action: extend the knee (tibia) Quadriceps Femoris Anterior Anatomy .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

The Muscles That Act on the Lower Limb Fall Into Three Groups: Those That Move the Thigh, Those That Move the Lower Leg, and Those That Move the Ankle, Foot, and Toes
MUSCLES OF THE APPENDICULAR SKELETON LOWER LIMB The muscles that act on the lower limb fall into three groups: those that move the thigh, those that move the lower leg, and those that move the ankle, foot, and toes. Muscles Moving the Thigh (Marieb / Hoehn – Chapter 10; Pgs. 363 – 369; Figures 1 & 2) MUSCLE: ORIGIN: INSERTION: INNERVATION: ACTION: ANTERIOR: Iliacus* iliac fossa / crest lesser trochanter femoral nerve flexes thigh (part of Iliopsoas) of os coxa; ala of sacrum of femur Psoas major* lesser trochanter --------------- T – L vertebrae flexes thigh (part of Iliopsoas) 12 5 of femur (spinal nerves) iliac crest / anterior iliotibial tract Tensor fasciae latae* superior iliac spine gluteal nerves flexes / abducts thigh (connective tissue) of ox coxa anterior superior iliac spine medial surface flexes / adducts / Sartorius* femoral nerve of ox coxa of proximal tibia laterally rotates thigh lesser trochanter adducts / flexes / medially Pectineus* pubis obturator nerve of femur rotates thigh Adductor brevis* linea aspera adducts / flexes / medially pubis obturator nerve (part of Adductors) of femur rotates thigh Adductor longus* linea aspera adducts / flexes / medially pubis obturator nerve (part of Adductors) of femur rotates thigh MUSCLE: ORIGIN: INSERTION: INNERVATION: ACTION: linea aspera obturator nerve / adducts / flexes / medially Adductor magnus* pubis / ischium (part of Adductors) of femur sciatic nerve rotates thigh medial surface adducts / flexes / medially Gracilis* pubis / ischium obturator nerve of proximal tibia rotates
[Show full text]
Thigh Muscles
Lecture 14 THIGH MUSCLES ANTERIOR and Medial COMPARTMENT BY Dr Farooq Khan Aurakzai PMC Dated: 03.08.2021 INTRODUCTION What are the muscle compartments? The limbs can be divided into segments. If these segments are cut transversely, it is apparent that they are divided into multiple sections. These are called fascial compartments, and are formed by tough connective tissue septa. Compartments are groupings of muscles, nerves, and blood vessels in your arms and legs. INTRODUCTION to the thigh Muscles The musculature of the thigh can be split into three sections by intermuscular septas in to; Anterior compartment Medial compartment and Posterior compartment. Each compartment has a distinct innervation and function. • The Anterior compartment muscle are the flexors of hip and extensors of knee. • The Medial compartment muscle are adductors of thigh. • The Posterior compartment muscle are extensor of hip and flexors of knee. Anterior Muscles of thigh The muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh are innervated by the femoral nerve (L2-L4), and as a general rule, act to extend the leg at the knee joint. There are three major muscles in the anterior thigh –: • The pectineus, • Sartorius and • Quadriceps femoris. In addition to these, the end of the iliopsoas muscle passes into the anterior compartment. ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT MUSCLE 1. SARTORIUS Is a long strap like and the most superficial muscle of the thigh descends obliquely Is making one of the tendon of Pes anserinus . In the upper 1/3 of the thigh the med margin of it makes the lat margin of Femoral triangle. Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine.
[Show full text]
Bones of the Lower Limb Doctors Notes Notes/Extra Explanation Editing File Objectives
Color Code Important Bones of the Lower Limb Doctors Notes Notes/Extra explanation Editing File Objectives Classify the bones of the three regions of the lower limb (thigh, leg and foot). Memorize the main features of the – Bones of the thigh (femur & patella) – Bones of the leg (tibia & Fibula) – Bones of the foot (tarsals, metatarsals and phalanges) Recognize the side of the bone. ﻻ تنصدمون من عدد ال رشائح نصها رشح زائد وملخصات واسئلة Some pictures in the original slides have been replaced with other pictures which are more clear BUT they have the same information and labels. Terminology (Team 434) شيء مرتفع /Eminence a small projection or bump Terminology (Team 434) Bones of thigh (Femur and Patella) Femur o Articulates (joins): (1) above with Acetabulum of hip bone to form the hip joint, (2) below with tibia and patella to form the knee joint. Body of femur (shaft) o Femur consists of: I. Upper end. II. Shaft. III. Lower end. Note: All long bones consist of three things: 1- upper/proximal end posterior 2- shaft anterior 3- lower/distal end I. Upper End of Femur The upper end contains: A. Head B. Neck C. Greater trochanter & D. Lesser trochanter A. Head: o Articulates (joins) with acetabulum of hip bone to form the hip joint. o Has a depression in the center called Fovea Capitis. o The fovea capitis is for the attachment of ligament of the head of Femur. o An artery called Obturator Artery passes along this ligament to supply head of Femur. B. Neck: o Connects head to the shaft.
[Show full text]
Lateral Hip & Buttock Pain
Lateral Hip & Buttock Pain Contemporary Diagnostic & Management Strategies Potential sources of nociception in the lateral hip & buttock Lateral Hip & Buttock Pain Contemporary Diagnostic & Management Strategies Introduction Dr Alison Grimaldi BPhty, MPhty(Sports), PhD Australian Sports Physiotherapist Practice Principal Physiotec Adjunct Senior Research Fellow University of Queensland, Australia 12 Myofascial Structures Superficial Nerves Latissimus Dorsi Thoracodorsal IHGN Fascia EO SubCN TFL SCN’s: Superior Cluneal Nerves IO SCN’s MCN’s: Middle Cluneal Nerves GMed MCN’s ICN’s: Inferior Cluneal Nerves GMax Gluteal ITB Fascia PFCN: Posterior Femoral PFCN Cutaneous Nerve VL ICN’s IHGN: Iliohypogastric Nerve AM SubCN: Subcostal nerve ST SM BFLH EO:External Oblique; IO:Internal Oblique; GMed:Gluteus Medius; GMax:Gluteus Maximus; AM:Adductor Magnus; SM:Semimembranosis; ST:Semitendinosis; BFLH:Biceps Femoris Long Head; TFL: Tensor Fascia Lata; ITB:Iliotibial Band 34 Deeper posterolateral musculotendinous structures Major Bursae of the Lateral Hip & Buttock Axial MRI: Level of HOF Coronal MRI: Level of HOF Axial MRI: Level of IT GMed GMin Quadratus Lumborum Gluteus Medius SGMi HOF Gluteus Minimus Piriformis OI SGMe SGMa IS HO Superior Gemellus SGMa SGMi F Gluteus Medius & SGMe IT Minimus Tendons Obturator Internus Inferior Gemellus GMax OIB IG Quadratus femoris Obturator Internus Proximal hamstring tendons SGMa: Subgluteus Maximus (Trochanteric) Bursa; SGMe: Subgluteus Medius Bursa; SGMi: Subgluteus Minimus Bursa; OIB: Obturator Internus Bursa;
[Show full text]
Hip Joint: Embryology, Anatomy and Biomechanics
ISSN: 2574-1241 Volume 5- Issue 4: 2018 DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.12.002267 Ahmed Zaghloul. Biomed J Sci & Tech Res Review Article Open Access Hip Joint: Embryology, Anatomy and Biomechanics Ahmed Zaghloul1* and Elalfy M Mohamed2 1Assistant Lecturer, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt 2Domenstrator, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt Received: : December 11, 2018; Published: : December 20, 2018 *Corresponding author: Ahmed Zaghloul, Assistant Lecturer, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt Abstract Introduction: Hip joint is matchless developmentally, anatomically and physiologically. It avails both mobility and stability. As the structural linkage between the axial skeleton and lower limbs, it plays a pivotal role in transmitting forces from the ground up and carrying forces from the trunk, head, neck and upper limbs down. This Article reviews the embryology, anatomy and biomechanics of the hip to give a hand in diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of hip disorders. Discussion: Exact knowledge about development, anatomy and biomechanics of hip joint has been a topic of interest and debate in literature dating back to at least middle of 18th century, as Hip joint is liable for several number of pediatric and adult disorders. The proper acting of the hip counts on the normal development and congruence of the articular surfaces of the femoral head (ball) and the acetabulum (socket). It withstands enormous loads from muscular, gravitational and joint reaction forces inherent in weight bearing. Conclusion: The clinician must be familiar with the normal embryological, anatomical and biomechanical features of the hip joint.
[Show full text]
A Variant Accessory Muscle of the Gluteus Maximus*
eISSN 1308-4038 International Journal of Anatomical Variations (2015) 8: 10–11 Case Report A variant accessory muscle of the gluteus maximus* Published online February 10th, 2015 © http://www.ijav.org Victor TAYLOR Abstract Geoffrey D. GUTTMANN Routine dissection of the gluteal region revealed an accessory muscle originating from the deep, inferior fibers of the gluteus maximus muscle. The described muscle was surrounded by a Rustin E. REEVES separate facial sheath and contained fibers that converged into a tendon with origins from both the gluteus maximus muscle and the iliotibial tract (band). This tendon inserted on the proximal Department of Integrative Physiology and Anatomy, femur lateral to the intertrochanteric crest, slightly superior to the upper border of the gluteal University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort tuberosity. Typically, the inferior fibers of the gluteus maximus muscle will insert into the gluteal Worth, Texas, USA. tuberosity. This variant accessory muscle of the gluteus maximus seen with a separate muscle belly and tendinous insertion has not been previously described in the literature regarding the Rustin E. Reeves, PhD anatomy of the gluteal region. Professor and Vice Chair for © Int J Anat Var (IJAV). 2015; 8: 10–11. Anatomy Education Department of Integrative Physiology and Anatomy UNT Health Science Center 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd. Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA. +1 (817) 735-2050 [email protected] Received February 20th, 2014; accepted May 20th, 2014 Key words [gluteus] [maximus] [variant] [tuberosity] [iliotibial] Introduction Syndrome (GTPS), a variant accessory muscle originating The gluteus maximus muscle is the largest and most powerful from the gluteus maximus muscle was observed in the right muscle in the gluteal region of the body.
[Show full text]
Color Enhancement Strategies for 3D Printing of X-Ray Computed Tomography Bone Data for Advanced Anatomy Teaching Models
applied sciences Technical Note Color Enhancement Strategies for 3D Printing of X-ray Computed Tomography Bone Data for Advanced Anatomy Teaching Models Megumi Inoue 1,2, Tristan Freel 2, Anthony Van Avermaete 2 and W. Matthew Leevy 1,2,3,* 1 Department of Biological Sciences, 100 Galvin Life Science Center, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; [email protected] 2 IDEA Center Innovation Lab, 1400 E Angela Blvd, South Bend, IN 46617, USA; [email protected] (T.F.); [email protected] (A.V.A.) 3 Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +57-4631-1683 Received: 22 January 2020; Accepted: 17 February 2020; Published: 25 February 2020 Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) printed anatomical models are valuable visual aids that are widely used in clinical and academic settings to teach complex anatomy. Procedures for converting human biomedical image datasets, like X-ray computed tomography (CT), to prinTable 3D ﬁles were explored, allowing easy reproduction of highly accurate models; however, these largely remain monochrome. While multi-color 3D printing is available in two accessible modalities (binder-jetting and poly-jet/multi-jet systems), studies embracing the viability of these technologies in the production of anatomical teaching models are relatively sparse, especially for sub-structures within a segmentation of homogeneous tissue density. Here, we outline a strategy to manually highlight anatomical subregions of a given structure and multi-color 3D print the resultant models in a cost-eﬀective manner. Readily available high-resolution 3D reconstructed models are accessible to the public in online libraries.
[Show full text]
Pelvis & Thigh
Pelvis & Thigh 6 After meeting a stranger, you soon begin to palpate their piriformis Topographical Views 276 muscle (located deep in the posterior buttock). You certainly wouldn’t try Exploring the Skin and Fascia 277 this in “everyday life,” but in patient care settings this level of familiarity is Bones of the Pelvis and Thigh 278 commonplace—and welcomed by a client with a hypercontracted piriformis. Bony Landmarks of the Pelvis Touch is a unique privilege afforded to health care providers. As such, we and Thigh 279 need to be mindful of the trust our clients have in us. One way to insure this Overview: Bony Landmark Trails 284 is through good communication skills. For instance, working the adductors Overview: Muscles of the and gluteal region requires a practitioner to provide ample explanation as to Pelvis and Thigh 296 the rationale, need, and goals of working these intimate areas of the body. Synergists—Muscles Working This chapter might pose new challenges for you, as we will be palpating Together 302 structures close to intimate areas. Muscles of the Pelvis and Thigh 306 Ligaments and Other Before proceeding, consider the following questions: Structures of the Pelvis and Thigh 336 E Have you ever been anxious to undergo a physical exam? Was there anything the practitioner did or could have done to alleviate this anxiety? Consider multiple elements, including both verbal and nonverbal communication, draping, physical pressure, and pace. E Tissues and landmarks found in the pelvis and thigh tend to be significantly larger than those discussed in previous chapters. How might your palpation techniques need to change? E Also, how might you properly and comfortably position your patient to access structures needing to be palpated.
[Show full text]
Gluteal Region and Back of the Thigh Anatomy Team 434
Gluteal Region and Back of the Thigh Anatomy Team 434 Color Index: If you have any complaint or ▪ Important Points suggestion please don’t ▪ Helping notes hesitate to contact us on: [email protected] ▪ Explanation OBJECTIVES ● Contents of gluteal region: ● Groups of Glutei muscles and small muscles (Lateral Rotators). ● Nerves & vessels. ● Foramina and structures passing through them as: 1-Greater Sciatic Foramen. 2-Lesser Sciatic Foramen. ● Back of thigh : Hamstring muscles. CONTENTS OF GLUTEAL REGION Muscles 1- Gluteui muscles (3): • Gluteus maximus. (extensor) • Gluteus minimus. (abductor) • Gluteus medius. (abductor) 2- Group of small muscles (lateral rotators) (5): from superior to inferior: • Piriformis. • Superior gemellus. • Obturator internus. • Inferior gemellus. • Quadratus femoris. CONTENTS OF GLUTEAL REGION (CONT.) Nerves (all from SACRAL PLEXUS): • Sciatic N. • Superior gluteal N. • Inferior gluteal N. • Posterior cutaneous N. of thigh. • N. to obturator internus. • N. to quadratus Vessels femoris. (all from INTERNAL ILIAC • Pudendal N. VESSELS): 1. Superior gluteal 2. Inferior gluteal 3. Internal pudendal vessels. Sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body. Greater sciatic foramen Structures passing through Greater foramen: Greater & lesser sciatic notch of -hippiriformis bone are muscle. transformed into foramen by sacrotuberous & Abovesacrospinous piriformis ligaments. M.: -superior gluteal nerve & vessels. Below piriformis M.: -inferior gluteal nerves & vessels. -sciatic N. -nerve to quadratus femoris. -posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh. -internal pudendal vessels Found in the -nerve to obturator internus. lesser sciatic foramen -pudendal N. Lesser sciatic foramen Structures passing through Lesser sciatic foramen: -internal pudendal vessels -nerve to obturator internus. -pudendal N. -tendon of obturator internus. Glutei Muscles (origins) Origin of glutei muscles: • gluteus minimus: Anterior part of the gluteal surface of ilium.
[Show full text]
Bones of the Gluteal Region
Bones of the gluteal region The Hip bone The hip bone is made of: 1-The ilium: superior in position 2-The ischium:postero-inferior in position 3-The pubis: antero-inferior in position Anatomical position of the hip bone It is very important to understand the anatomical position of the hip bone, in anatomical position: 1-The Anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle lie in the same vertical plane. 2- The ischial spine and the upper border of the symphysis pubis lie in the same horizontal plane. The ilium , ischium and pubis meet one another by means of triradiate (Y-shaped) at puberty the triradiate cartilage cartilage at the Acetabulum. starts to ossify and near the age of 17 While the inferior ramus of the the triradiate cartilage will be pubis meets with the ramus replaced by bony union of the ischium by cartilaginous union X-ray? Ossifies near the age of 7 years The hip bones articulate with the sacrum at the sacroiliac joints posteriorly while anteriorly they articulate with one another at the symphysis pubis. Thus the two hip bones form the pelvic girdle where the ilium corresponds to the scapula in the upper limb, the pubis corresponds to the clavicle while the ischium corresponds to the coracoid process. sacroiliac joints hip bone sacrum symphysis pubis femur Two parts: 1- Ala The Ilium Superior border 2- Body Is made by the iliac crest Four borders: 1- superior Anterior border 2-anteroir Begins at the 3-posterior anterior 4-medial superior iliac Three surfaces spine 1- gluteal surface (A.S.I.S) 2- iliac fossa and 3-
[Show full text]
Morphological Variation of the Proximal Femur in Selected Skeletal Remains
MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION OF THE PROXIMAL FEMUR IN SELECTED SKELETAL REMAINS A Thesis by Jessica Lynn Brown B.S. Michigan State University, 2002 Submitted to the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences and the faculty of the Graduate School of Wichita State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts May 2006 MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION OF THE PROXIMAL FEMUR IN SELECTED SKELETAL REMAINS I have examined the final copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts with a major in Anthropology. __________________________________________ Peer H. Moore-Jansen, Ph.D., Committee Chair We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: __________________________________________ Robert Lawless, Ph.D., Committee Member __________________________________________ John Carter, Ph.D., Committee Member ii DEDICATION To My Family and Friends iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Funding for this research came from three generous sources. Dr. Todd Fenton provided me with the opportunity to experience Albania’s past and present in two separate field seasons. The Moore-Jansen Scholarship and the Nancy Berner Fund through the Anthropology Department at Wichita State University provided financial support to study the Hamann-Todd collection in Cleveland. The expense of travel and accommodations during data collection during all of these experiences was greatly appreciated by these considerate awards. I would like to thank all the members of my thesis committee, Dr. Peer Moore-Jansen, Dr. Robert Lawless, and Dr. John Carter for their comments and suggestions. Throughout this process Dr. Peer Moore-Jansen provided invaluable guidance on how to conduct and report meaningful research, which will stay with me always.
[Show full text]
Gluteal Region-I
Gluteal Region-I Dr Garima Sehgal Associate Professor King George’s Medical University UP, Lucknow Intramuscular (IM) gluteal injections are a commonly used method of administering medication within clinical medicine. Learning Objectives By the end of this teaching session on Gluteal region – I all the MBBS 1st year students must be able to: • Enumerate the boundaries of gluteal region • Enumerate the foramina of gluteal region • Describe the cutaneous innervation of gluteal region • Enumerate the structures in the gluteal region (bones, ligaments, muscles, vessels , nerves) • Describe the origin, insertion, nerve supply & actions of gluteal muscles • Name the key muscle of gluteal region • Describe the origin, insertion, nerve supply & actions of short muscles of the gluteal region • Discuss applied anatomy of muscles of gluteal region Gluteal region BOUNDARIES: Superior: Iliac crest S3 Inferior : Gluteal fold (lower limit of rounded buttock) Lateral : Line joining ASIS to front of greater trochanter Medial : natal cleft between buttocks Structures in the Gluteal region • Bones & joints • Ligaments Thickest muscle- • Muscles Gluteus maximus • Vessels • Nerves Thickest nerve Sciatic nerve • Bursae Bones & Joints of the gluteal region • Dorsal surface of sacrum • Coccyx • Gluteal surface of Ilium • Ischium (ischial tuberosity) • Upper end of femur • Posterior aspect of hip joint • Sacrococcygeal & sacroiliac joint Skeletal background features- Gluteal lines on hip bone Skeletal background features- Features on posterior surface of upper
[Show full text]