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Reimagining the Role of Mian Muhamad Mumtaz Daultana in Colonial and Post-Colonial Punjab

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Reimagining the Role of Mian Muhamad Mumtaz Daultana in Colonial and Post-Colonial Punjab Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan Volume No. 57, Issue No. 1 (January – June, 2020) Farzanda Aslam * Muhamad Iqbal Chawla ** Zabir Saeed *** Moazzam Wasti **** Forgotten soldier of Pakistan Movement: Reimagining the role of Mian Muhamad Mumtaz Daultana in Colonial and Post-colonial Punjab Abstract Plethora of works have been produced on the colonial and post-colonial history of the Punjab but the role of Mian Muhammad Mumtaz Daultana has been academically overnighted by the historians to date and this paper intends to address it. He was an important leader of the Punjab who remained committed to the Pakistan movement, remained loyal and worked hard under the leadership of Quaid-i-Azam in the creation and consolidation of Pakistan. He was president of the Punjab Muslim League and also the first chief Minister of Pakistani Punjab. Therefore it is of immense importance to understand the role of Mian Muhammad Mumtaz Daultana in the creation and consolidation of Pakistan in the light of primary and secondary sources. Before the inception of Pakistan, his father Ahmad Yar Daultana was a popular politician from the Daultana family in the Punjab region. His house was the focal point for important political activities. Daultana was selected by Quaid-i- Azam to contend on behalf of the Muslim League against the Unionist Party because this party was not in favour of the Muslim League, by looking for the certainty of the Mumtaz Daultana, Quaid-i-Azam made him the individual from the member of Direct-action committee. The other member of the committee was ministers of the Muslim League s’ parliamentary and interim government. Mian Mumtaz Daultana was the youngest member but everyone acknowledged his improvisation and intelligence.1 The Sikandar-Jinnah pact had also great importance. this Pact was marked by Quaid-i-Azam and Sir Skinder Hayat Khan, according to this pact, at Provincial level Unionist gathering will apply its arrangements with the assistance of Muslim League party individuals, under the administration of Quaid-i-Azam, The Unionist Party will be under the strategies of Muslim League. * Farzanda Aslam, Lecturer in Lahore Collage for Women University Lahore. [email protected] ** Prof. Dr. Muhammad Iqbal Chawla, Chairman, Department of history and Pakistan Studies, university of the Punjab, Lahore. *** Zaber Saeed, Ph. D Scholar, Department of History, University of the Punjab, Lahore. **** Moazzam Wasti, Ph. D Scholar, Department of History, University of the Punjab, Lahore. 98 Forgotten soldier of Pakistan Movement: Reimagining the role of Mian Muhamad …… Key Words: Freedom Movement, Unionist, Pakistan, Sikandar Jinnah Pact. Introduction: Mian Muhammad Mumtaz Daultana was the son of Ahmad Yar Daultana, from the creation of Pakistan, which man become popular in the field of politics from Daultana family that was Ahmad Yar Daultana. that was pioneer of Daultana family. He was elected as the member Punjab Legislative Council in 1920,1926 and again in 1930 on two seats. Meanwhile, he left one seat from Punjab Legislative Assembly because according to Assembly rule he could not become member of two seats. Ahmad Yar Daultana s’ younger brother Mian Allah Yar Khan Daultana elected from that seat.2In the1946 election, again Mian Allah Yar Daultana was successful from that seat. 3 After that Ahmed Yar Daultana, Sir Chaudhry Shahabud-Din and Mian Mumtaz Daultana entered in the Legislative Assembly. Dultana played very active role for the separate Muslim state and remained loyal both to the Muslim league and the Quaid- i- Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah in his entire life. Daultana was also among those Punjabi feudal 4 who resisted the movement of the Unionist party in the Punjab headed by Sir Mian Fazl-i-Husain, Khizr Hayat Tiwana and Chootu Ram. He was respectable landlord in the East Punjab. Daultana’s family were sub-clan of the south Punjabi Hindu tribe joya Rajpoot. Mian Mumtaz Daultana had a place with such a family in which the peculiarity of turning into a sole beneficiary was attained in legacy for the last four descendants. Daultana was able to secure a chance for working with Mr Jinnah and getting familiarity with politics at the highest level. His spouse Almas Daultana, also contributed her share in the Pakistan Movement. He was elected individual from the Punjab Assembly in 1944.he was the General Sectary of Punjab Muslim League. Mian Muhammad Mumtaz Daultana was elected as for the Punjab Assembly in 1946, on the ticket of the Muslim League from the Sialkot as the individual from the Punjab Assembly.5 After the emergence of Pakistan he became the first finance minister of Punjab in the year of 1947. Ideology of Pakistan and Mumtaz Daultana: However, the Hindus constrained the Muslims for the battle of a separate country, Hindus did not give the rights to the Muslim as per their religion and made their life miserable. Those people who believe that Islam is an ideology of Pakistan, according to them, Muslims should establish religion system and Khilafat system in new country. Quaid-i-Azam said, that two nation theory mean that the Hindu are separate nation which lived with us, we should realize that they are different from Muslims. Being a Muslims, we consider ourselves different from Hindus, because we had change traditions, life style and history from Hindus in Tehreek -i- Azadi 6 . According to Daultana, Ideology of Pakistan was based on Islam, determination for freedom and equality in society. He said that as per two nation theory Hindus were two distinct nation in History, culture and civilization and thus had developed different life style from each other. 99 Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan – Vol. No. 57, No. 1 January – June, 2020 After 1857, these differences sharpened further as Muslims, in general were totally deprived of even basic rights in comparison with the Hindus and found themselves in a hopeless situation. They were not hopeful for their future. At that time, following Sir Sayed Ahmad Khan s’ (1817-1898) teaching nationalism7 Daultana always believed on nationalism and Islam. It was the period, when Muslims were talking actively about their separate recognition and working for full freedom in united Hindustan.8 Muslims felt that if they failed to get their autonomy by getting a separate homeland then they would be compelled to spend their lives as second- rate citizen.9 At first, Muslims of Hindustan attempted to live together with Hindus under the British government but after realization this arrangement was unworkable they demanded their own separate state. Muslims had same approach till cabinet Mission into 1946.But the conduct of the Hindus in 1916, 1926 and in 1928 was not reasonable. when Nehru report came Muslims felt that they have no equivalent rights regard less of living at the same place. According to Daultana, Ideology of Pakistan was based on Islam, determination for freedom, and equality in society. Mumtaz Daultana Work for the Freedom Movement: Mumtaz Daultana joined the Muslim League in 1942. Quaid-i-Azam needed to contend the Unionist Party s’ hold in Punjab and for this reason Quaid-i-Azam needed to get competent individual on his side in that important province. In these circumstances Jinnah, in his quest for competent, qualified and influential Muslim leaders in the province came across Mumtaz Daultana, Iftikhar Husain Mamdot, and Shaukat Hayat.10 At that point, when the Mumtaz Daultana gave his discourse to the Muslims Student Federation in Islamia Collage, he was included in the most acclaimed pioneers. The Sikandar Jinnah Pact was marked and according to this pact, at Provincial level Unionist gathering will apply its arrangements with the assistance of Muslim League individuals and in the inside under the administration of Quaid- i-Azam; Unionist Party will be under the strategies of Muslim League, So, in Punjab Unionist Party was won. Muslim League realized that Unionist gathering was against the formation of the Pakistan. At that point, when the unmistakable pioneer of the Muslim group Nawab Shahnawaz Sahib kicked the bucket, the Unionist party attempted to get advantage from this occasion. The program of Unionist Party was to dispense with the minor responsibility for League in Punjab and by posting their individuals they could likewise get the total hold of Punjab. For this they chose the name of the Nawab Nisar Ali. He was popular in the English people. It will be wrong if we consider Muslim league as a strong party from 1906. It had only name that time, its working position started in 1937 when Quaid -i-Azam properly owned it.1937 to 1940 was the period, when Muslim league got the solid position in the heart of people. these seven years consider his real life on the other side congress established in 1885 and it was under the working of last three generations and it had seen his three generations. It was a time when all the bureaucracy was against the Pakistan movement. they felt that Muslim league could destroy their future. Daultana was the active member that time due to his family background when he joined Muslim league Quaid-i-Azam warmly welcomed him. Quaid-i- Azam always said, that I am leaving two things between u first Pakistan and second Muslim League. 100 Forgotten soldier of Pakistan Movement: Reimagining the role of Mian Muhamad …… Daultana and Punjab Muslim League (1937-1947): The 1937 elections were a severe setback for the Muslim League but later, securing the support of the, Sajdha Nashins the rural elite Muslim league become a party of the masses. This period was proved decisive not only for the history of Punjab but also for the history of India. As a consequence of the1937 elections, the League s’ leadership decided to approach to the rural masses.
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